Вопросы по тесту: Histology EXAM

GMM23
Вариант: 1

1. Which of the following is the exocrine portion of the pancreas?

Islets of Langerhans
Alpha cells
Beta cells
Delta cells
Acini
2. What are divertiuclae of the mucosa of the gallbladder called?
Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses
Ducts of Luschka
Duct of Wirsung
Ampulla of Vater
Sphincter of Oddi
3. What structure is in the middle of the hepatic lobule?
Hepatic artery
Portal triad
Central vein
Portal vein
Sinusoids
4. What is the space between the liver sinusoids and the hepatocytes called?
Space of Disse
Space of Mall
Vacuole
Lacuna
Howship's lacuna
5. What is the name of the cellular mass for the endocrine portion of the pancreas?
Islets of Langerhans
Alpha cells
Beta cells
Delta cells
Acini
6. What are the supporting cells in the central nervous system called?
Schwann cells
Basket cells
 Ganglion
Neuroglia
Satellite cells
7. Which of the following is an element of the peripheral nervous system?
Receptors
Brachial plexus
Ganglia
Sciatic nerve
All of the above
8. What are most neurons in the body?
Unipolar
Pseudounipolar
Bipolar
Multipolar
Both a and b
9. What is the cell body of a neuron called?
Ganglion
Perikaryon
Astrocyte
Nissl
Terminal bouton
10. Which cell is a macrophage found in the central nervous system?
Kupffer cells
Histiocyte
Dust cell
Langerhans cell
Microglia
11. What is Bruch's membrane?
Ciliary body
Optic disc
Fovea centralis
Lamina vitrea
Lamina cribrosa
12. What are neurons in the retina?
Unipolar
Pseudounipolar
Bipolar
Multipolar
Both a and b
13. Which structure is transparent?
Choroid
 Ciliary body
Iris
Ora serrata
Cornea
14. Which of the following is the receptor for color?
Rods
Cones
Bipolar cells
Ganglion cells
Horizontal cells
15. What is responsible for adjusting the lens?
Choroid
Ciliary muscle
Iris
Ora serrata
Sclera
16. What is the glomerulus?
Afferent arteriole
Efferent arteriole
Capillary tuft
Peritubular capillaries
Vasa recta
17. What is a renal pyramid and its associated cortex referred to?
Medulla
Lobe
Renal columns
Nephron
Medullary ray
18. Approximately how many nephrons are there in each kidney?
1,000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000
10,000,000
19. What is the Malpighian corpuscle?
Glomerulus
Glomerulus
Renal corpuscle
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule
20.
 What are the ducts of Bellini?
Collecting tubules
Distal convoluted tubule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Medullary ray
21. Which of the four basic tissue types does blood belong to?
Epithelium
Connective tissue
Muscle
Nervous tissue
Blood
22. Which of the following formed elements do not contain a nucleus?
Platelets
Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Monocytes
Both a and b
23. What comes from a megakaryocyte?
Lymphocytes
Basophils
Erythrocytes
Monocytes
Platelets
24. Which leukocyte is the most abundant in a peripheral smear of blood?
Lymphocytes
Basophils
Neutrophil
Monocytes
Eosinophils
25. Which of the following is not a granulocyte?
Lymphocytes
Neutrophi
PMN
Eosinophils
Basophils
26. Which layer of the heart is composed of cardiac muscle?
Epicardium
Pericardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
 Endomysium
27. Where is the myocardium the thickest?
Right atria
Left atria
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
Both right and left ventricle
28. What is the connective tissue sac surrounding the heart?
Epicardium
Pericardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
Endomysium
29. Which cells produce testosterone?
Interstitial cells
Leydig cells
Sertoli cells
Sustentacular cells
Both a and b
30. How many seminiferous tubules are found in each testis of an average man?
4-6
40-60
400-600
4000-6000
40,000-60,000
31. What structure is localized at the base of the posterior horn of the spinal cord?
the spongy layer
gelatinous substance
the proper core of the posterior horn
the proper core of the posterior horn D) thoracic nucleus (Clark's nucleus)
32. . What structure is localized in the anterior horns of the spinal cord?
motor somatic center
sponge layer
the proper core of the posterior horn
the thoracic core
33. What structure is localized between the dorsal and ventral horns of the spinal
cord?
gelatinous substance
the thoracic core
motor somatic center
 the medial intermediate nucleus
34. . The composition of the white matter of the spinal cord includes ...
large stellate neurocytes
myelin-free nerve fibers
medium and thick myelin nerve fibers
unipolar neurocytes
35. . The composition of the white matter of the spinal cord includes ...
large stellate neurocytes
myelin-free nerve fibers
medium and thick myelin nerve fibers
unipolar neurocytes
36. The gray matter of the spinal cord does not include...
multipolar neurocytes
myelin-free nerve fibers
thin myelin nerve fibers
thick myelin nerve fibers
37. The nucleus of the spinal cord is called a cluster of cells united by some common
features, not including ...
the structure
the function
size
the number of nucleoli
38. Which neurites form inhibitory synapses on the dendrites of cells-grains of the
cerebellar cortex?
stellate cells of the granular layer with short neurites
pear-shaped neurocytes
fusiform neurocytes
basket neurocytes
39. Mossy fibers penetrating into the cerebellar cortex end at the dendrites...
pear-shaped neurocytes
stellate neurocytes
granular neurocytes
basket neurocytes
40. They are localized in the nuclei of the brain stem...
unipolar neurocytes
pseudounipolar neurocytes
fusiform neurocytes
multipolar neurocytes
41. Which cells are localized in the ganglion layer of the cerebellar cortex?
fusiform neurocytes
basket neurocytes
 pear-shaped neurocytes
stellate neurocytes
42. Which cells are localized in the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex…
pear-shaped neurocytes
granular neurocytes
fusiform neurocytes
stellate inhibitory neurocytes
43. In the molecular layer of the cerebral cortex, there are neurocytes of the
following shape ...
fusiform
stellate
pyramidal
rounded
44. In the outer granular layer of the cerebral cortex, no neurocytes of the following
shape are found ...
oval
angular
stellate
prismatic
45. Neurite of the pyramidal neurocyte branches off from ...
the apex of the cell body
the upper part of the side surface of the pyramid
the base of the pyramid
the lower part of the lateral surface of the pyramid
46. The dendrites of the layer of polymorphic cells of the cerebral cortex of the
cerebral hemispheres branch out in the next layer of the cortex ...
molecular
the outer granular
pyramid
internal granular
47. Neurites of cells of the ganglinal layer of the cerebral cortex are directed ...
into the molecular layer
into a layer of polymorphic cells
into the outer granular layer
into the spinal cord and brain stem
48. In which of these departments of the nervous system are there no nuclei of the
autonomic nervous system?
the bottom of the third ventricle
the cervical spinal cord
thoracic spinal cord
 lumbar spinal cord
49. Which neurons of the cerebellar cortex are the smallest?
pear-shaped
small stellate
granular
basket-shaped
50. Which neurons of the cerebral cortex are the largest?
angular neurocytes of the outer granular layer
pyramids of the outer granular layer
pyramids of the inner granular layer
pyramids of the ganglion layer
51. The largest neurocytes of the spinal cord are located in the following core...
thoracic (Clark's core)
the proper core of the posterior horn
)motor somatic center (motor nucleus of the anterior horn)
the lateral intermediate nucleus
52. The wall of the gallbladder consists of membranes:
adventitious
muscular
mucosa
submucosa with mucous glands
53. What is not typical for the pancreas…
has a lobular structure
branching system of excretory ducts
the presence of insertion ducts
the presence of striated excretory ducts
54. Esophagus. Everything is true EXCEPT:
intestinal mucosa
simple tubular branched glands are present in the proper layer of the
mucous membrane
complex alveolar tube glands are located in the submucosa
the muscular membrane in the upper third of the esophagus is striated
55. The mucous-bicarbonate barrier of the stomach. Everything is true EXCEPT:
a protector of the damaging effect of hydrochloric acid
protects against the digesting action of pepsin
protects the epithelium of the mucous membrane from mechanical damage
activates the conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin
56. . The secretion of bicarbonate and mucus in the stomach is enhanced by all
substances , EXCEPT:
glucagon
prostoglandin E
 gastrin
epidermal growth factor
57. In the stomach, hydrochloric acid is involved in all processes EXCEPT:
acid hydrolysis of proteins
to facilitate the absorption of vitamin B12
the destruction of bacteria
conversion of pepsinogen into pepsin
58. Reduction of hydrochloric acid secretion is caused by all measures EXCEPT:
vagus nerve cuts
blockade of acetylcholine receptors
blockade of gastrin receptors
activation of Na , K –ATPase
59. . It stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid:
bradykinin
prostoglandins
Gastric inhibitory peptide
histamine
60. The crypts of the small intestine include all cells EXCEPT:
Paneth cells
cambial
Dogel
goblet-shaped
61. The small intestine. Everything is true EXCEPT:
The relief of the mucous rim forms circulatory folds, villi, crypts
the lifespan of the edge cells is 60 days
epithelial regeneration is stimulated by epidermal growth factor
epidermal growth factor secretes duodenal glands
62. . Duodenum. Everything is true EXCEPT:
the duadenal glands secrete mucus and bicarbonate
the sympathetic nervous system enhances intestinal motility
chylomicrons enter the lymphatic capillaries
the glycocalyx of the marginal cells contains immunoglobulin A
63. . Relaxation of intestinal smooth muscle cells causes:
histamine
gastrin
cholecystokinin
adrenaline
64. Colon. That's right, everything EXCEPT:
there are single goblet-shaped cells in the crypts
the vermiform process contains numerous lymphatic follicles
a defect in the migration of nerve crest cells is accompanied by a violation
 of the innervation of the distal region
contains bacteria that produce vitamins B12 and K
65. Liver. Everything is true EXCEPT:
bile capillaries are located inside the strands of hepatocytes
hepatocytes are surrounded by a basement membrane
blood from the sinusoids enters the central veins
the sinusoidal pole of hepatocytes contains microvilli
66. Blood flow in the liver. Choose the correct statement:
blood from the interlobular veins and arteries enters the sinusoids
blood from the sinusoids enters the interlobular vein
b smooth muscle cells of the central veins contain adrenoreceptors
blood flows from the liver through the portal vein
67. Disse space is limited:
hepatocytes and Ito cells
endothelial cells and hepatocytes
adjacent strands of hepatocytes
neighboring hepatocytes
68. Von Kupffer cells. Everything is true EXCEPT:
salts of bile acids are isolated
located in sinusoids
phagocytic erythrocytes
originate from monocytes
69. The muscular layer of the mucous membrane is present in :
lip
cheek
gums
the esophagus
70. The mobility of the mucous membrane on the lower surface of the tongue is
provided by :
epithelium
its own layer
the muscle layer
the submucosa
71. The serous membrane differs from the adventitious one:
by the absence of blood vessels
the presence of nerve elements
lack of glands
the presence of mesothelium
72. Glands are found in the submucosa:
the bottom of the stomach
the pyloric part of the stomach
 jejunum
duodenum
73. Glands of the bottom of the stomach:
simple branched alveolar
simple unbranched tubular
complex branched tubular
simple unbranched alveolar
74. The mucous membrane of the colon differs from the mucous membrane of the
small intestine:
a large number of villi
fewer villi
the absence of villi
the presence of crypts
75. The epithelium of the mucous membrane of the colon differs from the epithelium
of the small intestine:
the shape of the cells
a large number of goblet-shaped cells
the absence of edged epithelial cells
the absence of capless epithelial cells
76. The system of mononuclear phagocytes in the liver includes:
lipocytes
hepatocytes
dimple cells
stellate cells
77. Which of the bronchi contains glands and cartilage in its wall in the form of
islands?
the main
bronchus of the 1st order
bronchus of the 2nd order
bronchus of the 3rd order
78. . Which cells produce surfactant?
type 1 alveocytes
endocrine cells
Type 2 alveocytes
macrophages
79. Pulmonary acinus is formed:
one terminal bronchiole and two respiratory
alveolar passages
vestibules and alveolar sacs,
respiratory bronchioles, alveolar passages and alveolar sacs
80.
 Pulmonary acinus begins with ...
terminal bronchiola
respiratory bronchiola
the alveolar course
small bronchus
81. What epithelium is lined with the mucous membrane of the terminal bronchiole?
single-layer flat
two-row prismatic
multi-row flickering
single-layer cubic ciliated
82. The terminal sections of which glands are located in the submucosal base of the
trachea...
protein
mucous membranes
endocrine
protein-mucous membranes
83. Skin glands doing it exept:
provide thermoregulation
protect the skin from drying out and maceration
some metabolic products are isolated
participate in the synthesis of melanin
84. In case of skin damage, the source of epidermal cells are:
ducts of sweat glands
external root vaginas of hair follicles
intact epidermis
capillary endothelium
85. The mesh layer of the dermis contains exept
thick bundles of collagen fibers
elastic fibers
fibroblasts
striated muscle fibers
86. The papillary pattern of the skin is caused by:
the uneven thickness of the stratum corneum of the epidermis
the location of proliferative units in the epidermis
the outlet of the ducts of the glands
papillary layer of dermis
87. Melanocytes of the epidermis have:
branching processes
tonofibrils
pigment grains
 desmosomes
88. The processes of reabsorption in the kidneys involve:
inter-channel capillaries
capillaries of vascular glomeruli
epithelial cells of the renal tubules
podocytes of the inner leaf of the capsule
89. The composition of the renal filter includes all of this exept:
) endotheliocytes of the capillaries of the vascular glomerulus
podocytes of the inner leaf of the capsule
basal membranes
mesangiocytes of vascular glomeruli
90. The cortical substance of the kidneys contains:
a collecting tube
convoluted proximal tubules
convoluted distal tubules
the rectus distal tubule
91. The renal body consists of:
vascular
glomerular capsules
a dense spot
interlobular arteries and veins
92. The bladder is characterized by everything except:
transitional epithelium in the mucous membrane
submucosal base
three-layer smooth muscle membrane
striated muscle tissue in the muscle membrane
93. . Mesangiocytes in the kidneys are located:
in the inner leaf of the glomerulus capsule
ias part of a dense stain
next to the interchannel capillaries
between the capillaries of the vascular glomerulus
94. There is everything in the ureter wall except:
longitudinal folds of the mucous membrane
circular folds of the mucous membrane
glands in the submucosal base
spirally arranged layers in the muscle membrane
95. The prostate contains all of this exept:
alveolar-tubular glands
bundles of smooth myocytes
loose connective tissue
 striated muscle fibers
96. Testicular cells, antigenic for their own body:
spermatocytes
spermatogony
spermatids
sustentocytes
97. In case of violation of the integrity of the hematotesticular barrier in the testis ,
there is:
increased contraction of the tubules
inhibition of glandulocyte function
slowing down spermatogenesis
autoimmune damage of spermatogenic cells
98. . The shell of the convoluted seminal tubules is formed by all of this exept:
the basement membrane
myoid cells
connective tissue fibers
sustentocytes
99. The vas deferens have shells exept:
adventitious
muscle
the mucous membrane
submucosal
100. The hematotesticular barrier consists all of this exept:
the shell of the convoluted tubules of the testis
sustentocytes
hemocapillary wall
glandulocytes