I.

LISTENING (50 POINTS)

Part 1. Listen to news about Netflix losing subscribers and decide whether the following statements
are True (T), False (F), or Not Given (NG) according to what you hear. Write your answers in the
corresponding boxes.

1. Netflix started providing the service of online streaming in 2006.

2. Among the names of competitors, Amazon Prime is the biggest opponent to Netflix.
3. The cost-of-living crisis has led most family to tighten their bell.
4. Advertisement is claimed to be the most promising solution to save Netflix.
5. A survey in May shows that 9% of US online adults who stop using Netflix indicated that they would
consider subscribing if offered a cheaper and supported tier.
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Part 2. For question 6 – 10, listen to a news report about the recovering progress of a province in
Canada after Fiona storm and answer the questions. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken
from the recording for each answer.

6. How does the host describe the damage by Fiona that the town in coast of Canada suffered?
___________________________________________________________________________________.
7. What is the most critical concern for the area?
___________________________________________________________________________________.
8. What is mentioned as a particular example to illustrate the reliance on power?
___________________________________________________________________________________.
9. Who besides the utility are they keeping contact with to get a full appreciation?
___________________________________________________________________________________.
10. What is the figure for population that they support daily?
___________________________________________________________________________________
Part 3. For questions 11 – 15, you will hear part of a radio phone-program about consumer
competitions that appear in magazines or are run by shops, in which advice is given to people who
regularly enter them. Choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D which fits best according to what you
hear. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.

11. Diana has phoned because she ________________.

A. feels that she is the victim of an injustice C. fears she misunderstood an agreement
she made
B. is reluctant to consult a lawyer yet D. wants to avoid falling out with her best
friend
12. Kathy tells Diana that ______________.
A. her problem is a rather unusual one
B. she should have been more careful when dealing with her friend
C. it is unfortunate that her friend has the attitude that she has
D. she would regret taking legal action
13. What does Kathy tell Ron about using different names when entering competitions?

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 A. People who do so are regularly caught out.
B. It may affect the quality of a competitor’s entries.
C. There are rarely occasions when it might be justified.
D. It is unusual for competitors to decide to do so.
14. What has led Stan to phone in?
A. An inadequate response to a complaint he has made.
B. A feeling of confusion as to the rules of a competition.
C. A belief that he has been sent inaccurate information.
D. A desire for more openness about the results of competitions.
15. What does Kathy tell Stan about the competition he entered?
A. Some of the phrasing of the instruction is ambiguous.
B. The rules allow for results that may appear unfair.
C. A deliberate attempt has been made to mislead competitors.
D. It is the sort of competition that it is best not to enter.

Your answers:
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

Part 4. For questions 16 – 25, listen to a program about the history of coffee and complete the
following sentences. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken from the recording for each blank.
 Coffee is one of the most popular drinks around the world, when the number of cups of coffee
consumed daily is billions. However, 450 years ago, it was still unknown to Western Europe, coffee
was originally a wild plant growing in Ethiopia. People only released that the dried fruit, when 16)
_______________________________ could be used to produce a beverage. Coffee was considered
a potential drink which was 17) _______________________________ when Early Westerner were
engrossed with it.
 When it first introduced in Britain, the reactions were 18) ____________________ when there
were variety of streams of opinions; some even claimed it Pluton’s diet-drink which was made from
dead men’s skull.
 It was 1651 that the first coffee house opened in Oxford, and then they became sort of 19)
____________________ quickly. Coffee house became a place where all sorts of people converged,
and they were often heavily politicised. Charles II made an attempt to ban them for 20)
_________________________.
 Because the fact that coffee originally catered for men who subscribed to journal and newspapers,
coffee quickly became a masculine drink. Coffee became a topic of discussion when an attack in
1674 claimed it caused impotence, saying excessive use of 21)
_________________________________, abominable, heathenish liquor made husbands unfruitful;
whereas, the opposite was claimed by the other, answering it can make erection more 22)
___________________________ and fill sperm with spiritualescency.
 Only when the Italian invention of the espresso machine which forced 23)
________________________________________ through a small amount of ground beans, the
procedure of making coffee changed forever. Italian coffee culture, with its 24)
_____________________________________ coffee machines, spread across the Western world.
 In the last two decades, a great number of new coffees have been introduced, coming along with a
new way of drinking it. These days, wandering around the street with a coffee cup in hands is a 25)

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 _____________________________. Through hundreds of years, society and coffee have moved
on.
Your answers:
16. 21.
17. 22.
18. 23.
19. 24.
20. 25.

II. LEXICO-GRAMMAR (20 POINTS)

Part 1: For questions 26-40, choose the correct answer A, B, C or D to each of the following questions
and write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
26. Do not mention work to Ray, as it is a sore ____________ with him at the moment.
A. finger B. point C. place D. thumb
27. Distress calls were pouring in, thick and ____________, from all over the area
A. thin B. quick C. fast D. skin
28. She wouldn’t have heard anything. She is ____________.
A. stone-deaf B. rock-deaf C. post-deaf D. bat-deaf
29. During winter the shelters are full of people of no fixed ____________.
A. residence B. abode C. home D. domicile
30. Harry was offered a scholarship to study in Japan and he _______ the opportunity with both hands.
A. grasped B. grabbed C. held D. passed
31. I thought I had made it ____________ that I didn’t wish to discuss this matter.
A. distinct B. plain C. frank D. straight
32. Harry blew a ________ when his holiday was cancelled.
A. switch B. fuse C. plug D. socket
33. She was a ____________Catholic and, so far as I am aware, morally unassailable.
A. firm B. devout C. staunch D. strict
34. My first meal was days later because, as ever, the migraine ____________ after the anaesthetic.
A. caved in B. chipped in C. gave in D. kicked in
35. Some people can just ____________ a cold, but my colds seem to linger for weeks
A. shrug off B. cough up C. pull through D. stamp out
36. It’s a good idea to ____________ people before taking them into your confidence
A. tumble to B. root out C. bank on D. size up
37. Nick's mom has turned her home into a halfway house for ____________ relatives and stray dogs.
A. tumble-down B. downcast C. down-and-out D. run-down
38. Here I sit ____________ - no food, no money, no anything
A. high and dry B. thick and thin C. huff and puff D. wear and tear
39. The money was taken out of the bank in small amounts so as not to ____________ suspicion.
A. awake B. arouse C. instigate D. incite
40. Because he was an ____________ criminal, he was sentenced to life imprisonment.
A. illegible B. impenetrable C. incorrigible D. impermeable

Your answers
26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33.
34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40.

Part 2. For questions 40-45, write the correct form of each bracketed word in the numbered space
provided.
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41. The New Year 2020’s ________ show involves almost every famous face of the country. (STAR)
42. Companies can be punished for making ________ claims about their products. (substance)
43. We can ________ our timescale of the circulation by looking at the changes in density surface of
the salinity minimum. (robust)
44. It was a misery ________ of a woman escaped from North Korea to which everyone expressed
their sorrow and sympathy. (memory)
45. They were ______ in the tradition of 'public service' from their contact with older regimes.
(culture)

Your answers:
41. 42. 43.
44. 45.

III. READING (50 POINTS)

Part 1. For questions 1-10, read the text below and complete each space with ONE suitable word.
Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.
Is Honesty the Best Policy?
Radical honesty therapy, as it is known in the US held up as, is the latest thing to be held up as the
key to happiness and success. It involves telling the truth all the time, with no exceptions for hurt
feelings. But this is not as easy as it is, might sound. Altruistic lies, (1) ______________ than the
conniving, self-aggrandising variety, are an essential part of polite society.
‘We all lie (2) _______________ mad. It wears us down. It is the major source of all human stress,’
says Brad Blanton, psychotherapist and founder of the Centre for Radical Honesty. He has become a
household name in the US, where he spreads his message via day-time television talk shows. He
certainly has his work cut out (3) _______________ him. In a recent survey of Americans, 93 per cent
(4) ________________ to lying ‘regularly and habitually’ in the workplace. Dr Blanton is typically blunt
about the consequences of (5) ______________ deceitful. ‘Lying kills people,’ he says.
Dr Blanton is adamant that minor inconveniences are (6) ______________ at all compared with the
huge benefits of truth telling. ‘Telling the truth, especially after hiding it for a long time, (7)
_______________ guts. It isn’t easy. But it is better than the alternative.’ (8) _______________, he
believes, is the stress of living ‘in the prison of the mind,’ which results in depression and ill health.
‘Your body stays tied up (9) ___________________ knots and is susceptible to illness,’ he says.
‘Allergies, high blood pressure and insomnia are all (10) ____________________ worse by lying. Good
relationship skills, parenting skills and management skills are also dependent on telling the truth.’

Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 2. Read the following text and do the tasks that follow.
This Marvellous Invention
A. Of all mankind’s manifold creations, language must take pride of place. Other inventions - the
wheel, agriculture, sliced bread - may have transformed our material existence, but the advent of
language is what made us human. Compared to language, all other inventions pale in significance,
since everything we have ever achieved depends on language and originates from it. Without
language, we could never have embarked on our ascent to unparalleled power over all other
animals, and even over nature itself.

B. But language is foremost not just because it came first. In its own right it is a tool of extraordinary
sophistication, yet based on an idea of ingenious simplicity: ‘this marvellous invention of

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 composing out of twenty-five or thirty sounds that infinite variety of expressions which, whilst
having in themselves no likeness to what is in our mind, allow us to disclose to others its whole
secret, and to make known to those who cannot penetrate it all that we imagine, and all the
various stirrings of our soul’ This was how, in 1660, the renowned French grammarians of the Port-
Royal abbey near Versailles distilled the essence of language, and no one since has celebrated
more eloquently the magnitude of its achievement. Even so, there is just one flaw in all these
hymns of praise, for the homage to languages unique accomplishment conceals a simple yet critical
incongruity. Language is mankind’s greatest invention - except, of course, that it was never
invented. This apparent paradox is at the core of our fascination with language, and it holds many
of its secrets.

C. Language often seems so skillfully drafted that one can hardly imagine it as anything other than the
perfected handiwork of a master craftsman. How else could this instrument make so much out of
barely three dozen measly morsels of sound? In themselves, these configurations of mouth p, f, b,
v, t, d, k, g, sh, a, e and so on - amount to nothing more than a few haphazard spits and splutters,
random noises with no meaning, no ability to express, no power to explain. But run them through
the cogs and wheels of the language machine, let it arrange them in some very special orders, and
there is nothing that these meaningless streams of air cannot do: from signing the interminable
boredom of existence to unravelling the fundamental order of the universe.

D. The most extraordinary thing about language, however, is that one doesn’t have to be a genius to
set its wheels in motion. The language machine allows just about everybody from pre-modern
foragers in the subtropical savannah, to post-modern philosophers in the suburban sprawl - to tie
these meaningless sounds together into an infinite variety of subtle senses, and all apparently
without the slightest exertion. Yet it is precisely this deceptive ease which makes language a victim
of its own success, since in everyday life its triumphs are usually taken for granted. The wheels of
language run so smoothly that one rarely bothers to stop and think about all the resourcefulness
and expertise that must have gone into making it tick. Language conceals art.

E. Often, it is only the estrangement of foreign tongues, with their many exotic and outlandish
features, that brings home the wonder of languages design. One of the showiest stunts that some
languages can pull off is an ability to build up words of breath-breaking length, and thus express in
one word what English takes a whole sentence to say. The Turkish word
şehirliliçtiremediklerimizdensiniz, to take one example, means nothing less than ‘you are one of
those whom we can’t turn into a town-dweller’. (In case you were wondering, this monstrosity
really is one word, not merely many different words squashed together - most of its components
cannot even stand up on their own.)

F. And if that sounds like some one-off freak, then consider Sumerian, the language spoken on the
banks of the Euphrates some 5,000 years ago by the people who invented writing and thus enabled
the documentation of history. A Sumerian word like munintuma'a (‘when he had made it suitable
for her’) might seem rather trim compared to the Turkish colossus above. What is so impressive
about it, however, is not its lengthiness but rather the reverse - the thrifty compactness of its
construction. The word is made up of different slots, each corresponding to a particular portion of
meaning. This sleek design allows single sounds to convey useful information, and in fact, even the
absence of a sound has been enlisted to express something specific. If you were to ask which bit in
the Sumerian word corresponds to the pronoun ‘it’ in the English translation ‘when he had made it
suitable for her’, then the answer would have to be nothing. Mind you, a very particular kind of
nothing: the nothing that stands in the empty slot in the middle. The technology is so fine-tuned
then that even a non-sound, when carefully placed in a particular position, has been invested with
a specific function. Who could possibly have come up with such a nifty contraption?

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Questions 11 – 15. The Reading Passage has six paragraphs, A-F. Choose the correct heading for five
paragraphs A - E from the list of headings below. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered
boxes provided.
List of Headings
I. Differences between languages highlight their impressiveness
II. The way in which a few sounds are organised to convey a huge range of meaning
III. Why the sounds used in different languages are not identical
IV. Apparently incompatible characteristics of language
V. Even silence can be meaningful
VI. Why language is the most important invention of all
VII. The universal ability to use language

Your answers:
11. A - 12. B - 13. C -
14. D - 15. E -

Questions 16 – 19. Complete the summary using words from reading text. Use ONLY ONE WORD
from the reading text to complete the summary below. Write your answer in the corresponding
numbered boxes provided.
Language
The wheel is one invention that has had a major impact on 16) ___________________ aspects of life,
but no impact has been as significant as that of language. Language is very sophisticated yet composed
of just a small number of sounds. Though considered as the greatest invention of mankind, there is
one 17) __________________ which created our intrigue infatuation with language. Language can
appear such a perfected masterpiece when configurations combined through the cogs and 18)
_______________ of the language machine it can clarify uncountable things around us. However, the
most incredible point about language is its own simplicity in usage. Any individuals from any contexts
can utilize it; unfortunately, it is this 19) _____________ straightforwardness which turns it into a
victim.

Your answers:
16. 17.
18. 19.

Questions 20 – 23. Decide whether the following statements are True (T), False (F), or Not Given (NG)
according to the reading text. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
20. Human beings might have achieved their present position without language.
21. The Port-Royal grammarians did justice to the nature of language.
22. A complex idea can be explained more clearly in a sentence than in single word.
23. The Sumerians were responsible for starting the recording of events.
Your answers:
20. 21. 22. 23.

Part 3. In the passage below, seven paragraphs have been removed. For questions 24-30, read the
passage and choose from paragraphs A-H the one which fits each gap. There is ONE extra paragraph
which you do not need to use. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
Django Unchained
Quentin Tarantino’s return with a humorous western about slavery.
Django Unchained, a virtuous but violent revenge western, debuts the bromcom pairing of Jaime Foxx
and Christoph Waltz, and is set against a background of the slave plantation in the south, two years
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before the Civil War. Many people expressed surprise that is was nominated for an Oscar for the Best
Picture, but this is certainly Quentin Tarantino’s best film since Pulp Fiction.
24.
Foxx is Django, a slave when the film opens, being walked through Texas in chains in bitterly cold
weather. Here he has what can be described as either a fortuitous or a fateful encounter with Dr King
Schulzt (Waltz), an enigmatic, dapper German ex-dentist, who speaks impeccable English. Schultz now
a bounty hunter, frees Django, by killing the salve traders transporting him, giving us a first glimpse of
the mayhem and violence to come.
25.
She is now a slave at Mississippi plantation, Candieland, the property of the repulsive bigoted sadist,
Calvin Candie, who is memorably brought to life on the silver screen by Leonardo DiCaprio. An unlikely
partnership begins between Django and Schultz, as they set off on a journey to secure her freedom
and in the process, exact Django’s retribution on Candie.
26.
The end of their journey is at the fiefdom of Calvin Candie, a charming aristocrat whose plantation is a
symbol of oppression and corruption of the human spirit. DiCaprio’s Candie is a repugnant character,
full of his own importance and Southern politeness, and a fully paid up racial supremacist.
27.
Candie’s pretence of being genial disguises a sadist who allows a man to be ripped limb from limb by
rabid dogs as punishment. He is an enthusiast of ‘Mandigon’ wrestling – a fight to the death between
slaves. The obscene humiliation of this is plain, yet its impact is lessened by the atmosphere of the
men who hang around to watch the men die slowly.
28.
He employs his glare, language, and a tremor that suggests Parkinson’s disease, to bolster Candie’s
abhorrent racism. It shocks to see an African American so vehemently supporting a white man who,
despite the servant’s loyalty, would shoot him in an instant.
29.
The quandary for Tarantino in general – and Django in particular – is that of one. The viewer is never
quite sure about it. For instance, the scene where a menacing posse of masked Ku Klux Klansmen
arrives to attack Foxx and Schwartz, deteriorates into farce when they start squabbling about the size
of the eye-holes in their bagged masks. It is typical Tarantino to incorporate this back-and-forth
dialogue, and that’s fine. But Tarantino has yet to determine a way to amalgamate humour with
horror, which becomes quite extreme in the latter half of the film.
30.
Schultz’s way with words and his ability to hide behind the law are hugely enjoyable. He and Foxx were
well cast as a hilarious double-act. But Tarantino’s flair and the fact that he has been brave enough to
make a film about a subject that few American directors would dream of tackling, deserve admiration.
The racism of the country’s past and its record on slavery might not be historically represented in the
film, but he more than adequately gets his point across.

Missing paragraphs:
A. Tarantino’s message of exploitation is such that some bad people commit repeated cruelty against
the innocent. This sets the scene for retaliation, because the good downtrodden people and their
associates have good reasons to take revenge. Their revenge is justified because they have been
aggravated and mistreated. The more they have been assaulted, the more merit the punishment.
That way the audience feels happy and morally assured in the display of violence – after all, the
victims deserve it.

B. He is impeccably dressed, but the overall impression is one of shabbiness, the same as his
personality. He is fairly young, but seems middle aged and seedy. He has no qualms about abusing,
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 maiming or killing his slaves, sometimes in the most brutal manner and takes pleasure in watching
them suffer.

C. The film is to some extent based on the Django westerns of the 1960s, featuring Franco Nero, as
well as the infamous Mandingo film of 1975. However, this fantastically outrageous version
operates on its own terms – or perhaps Tarantino’s term of violence – something of an impudent
yet extremely humorous nightmare series of ever more violent events.

D. The film is worth a watch, being stylish and funny, brutal and superbly-acted, penetratingly written
and highly offensive. Yet Tarantino does not seem to have the ability to know what to edit out of
his films. The first hour flashes grippingly by but in the second hour the film starts to wander and
take detours. At the end of the second hour an ending seems to be in sight, but a further three-
quarters of an hour continues the bedlam with the audience squirming in their seats.

E. Despite an impeccable line up of stars, the one who outshines the rest and totally upstages the is
Samuel L Jackson, who gives the performance of his life as Stephen, Candie’s household attendant,
a sort of Uncle Tom character, who is wholly and belligerently devoted to his master.

F. And so, it ends fatally for the slaves, but Schultz has found his man, as Django agrees to help him
hunt down three outlaws in exchange for his freedom. Bounty-hunting, Schultz explains, is ‘a flesh-
for-cash business,’ just like slavery. Django is also seeking his wife, a German-speaking slaved
named – to Schultz’s surprise – Broomhilda (Kerry Washington). Like Django she was a runaway,
and is branded on the face with a telltale R.

G. Tarantino makes all of this glaringly obvious and keeps reminding the viewer, something that only
he and Jackson could have carried off in the Stephen character. It is cringe making when watched,
especially when so few films in Hollywood deal with the subject of slavery, except from the point of
view of abolition. Tarantino is more than willing to deal with the subject matter head on, warts and
all.

H. In a surprisingly unpatronizing manner, during their travels Schultz instils in Django a feeling of his
own independence, concentrating his antagonism against those who have misused him, and
showing Django why he should show them no mercy. The German teaches him such practical
things as how to handle a gun and shoot accurately, how to read, as well as the more subtle arts of
role-playing, being patient and also biding his time to take revenge.

Your answers:
24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

Part 4. You are going to read part of an essay on Martin Luther King Jr. For questions 31 – 40, choose
the answer A, B, C, or D which you think fits best according to the text.

To what extent, then, did King's presence affect the movement? Answering that question requires
us to look beyond the usual portrayal of the black struggle. Rather than seeing an amorphous mass of
discontented blacks acting out strategies determined by a small group of leaders, we would recognize
King as a major example of the local black leadership that emerged as black communities mobilized for
sustained struggles. [A]38.

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 King's major public speeches - particularly the 'I Have a Dream' speech - have received much
attention, but his exemplary qualities were also displayed in countless strategy sessions with other
activists and in meetings with government officials. King's success as a leader was based on his
intellectual and moral cogency and his skill as a conciliator among movement activists who refused to
be simply King's 'followers' or 'lieutenants.' [B]38.
The success of the black movement required the mobilization of black communities as well as the
transformation of attitudes in the surrounding society, and King's wide range of skills and attributes
prepared him to meet the internal as well as the external demands of the movement. King
understood the black world from a privileged position, having grown up in a stable family within a
major black urban community; yet he also learned how to speak persuasively to the surrounding white
world. Alone among the major civil rights leaders of his time, King could not only articulate black
concerns to white audiences but could also mobilize blacks through his day-to-day involvement in
black community institutions and through his access to the regional institutional network of the black
church. His advocacy of nonviolent activism gave the black movement invaluable positive press
coverage, but his effectiveness as a protest leader derived mainly from his ability to mobilize black
community resources. [C]38.
Movement's strength and durability came from its mobilization of black community institutions,
financial resources, and grass-roots leaders. The values of southern blacks were profoundly and
permanently transformed not only by King, but also by involvement in sustained protest activity and
community-organizing efforts, through thousands of mass meetings, workshops, citizenship classes,
freedom schools, and informal discussions. Rather than merely accepting guidance from above,
southern blacks were re-socialized as a result of their movement experiences.
Although the literature of the black struggle has traditionally paid little attention to the intellectual
content of black politics, movement activists of the 1960s made a profound, though often ignored,
contribution to political thinking. King may have been born with rare potential, but his most significant
leadership attributes were related to his immersion in, and contribution to, the intellectual ferment
that has always been an essential part of Afro-American freedom struggles. Those who have written
about King have too often assumed that his most important ideas were derived from outside the black
struggle - from his academic training, his philosophical readings, or his acquaintance with Gandhian
ideas. Scholars are only beginning to recognize the extent to which his attitudes and those of many
other activists, white and black, were transformed through their involvement in a movement in which
ideas disseminated from the bottom up as well as from the top down.
Although my assessment of King's role in the black struggles of his time reduces him to human
scale, it also increases the possibility that others may recognize his qualities in themselves. Idolizing
King lessens one's ability to exhibit some of his best attributes or, worse, encourages one to become a
debunker, emphasizing King's flaws in order to lessen the inclination to exhibit his virtues. King himself
undoubtedly feared that some who admired him would place too much faith in his ability to offer
guidance and to overcome resistance, for he often publicly acknowledged his own limitations and
mortality. Near the end of his life, King expressed his certainty that black people would reach the
Promised Land whether or not he was with them. His faith was based on an awareness of the qualities
that he knew he shared with all people. When he suggested his own epitaph, he asked not to be
remembered for his exceptional achievements - his Nobel Prize and other awards, his academic
accomplishments; instead, he wanted to be remembered for giving his life to serve others, for trying to
be right on the war question, for trying to feed the hungry and clothe the naked, for trying to love and
serve humanity. 'I want you to say that I tried to love and serve humanity.' Those aspects of King's life
did not require charisma or other superhuman abilities. [D]38.
The notion that appearances by Great Men (or Great Women) are necessary preconditions for the
emergence of major movements for social changes reflects not only a poor understanding of history,
but also a pessimistic view of the possibilities for future social change. Waiting for the Messiah is a
human weakness that is unlikely to be rewarded more than once in a millennium. Studies of King's life
offer support for an alternative optimistic belief that ordinary people can collectively improve their

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lives. Such studies demonstrate the capacity of social movements to transform participants for the
better and to create leaders worthy of their followers.

31. What does the writer tell us about King in the opening paragraph?
A. We must look beyond the black movement to assess King’s contribution to it.
B. King was merely one of many black leaders who only influenced a local community.
C. King gained in prominence as people in his community became organised.
D. King’s community did not feature discontented blacks.
32. The writer indicates that King’s success as a leader _______________.
A. was largely due to his public speeches
B. owed much to his ability to persuade
C. would probably not have been possible without help from government officials
D. stopped short of gaining the respect of other activists
33. Which phrases, as it is used in the text, exemplifies ‘the external demands of the movement’ (line
3, paragraph 3)?
A. the mobilisation of black communities (line 9, paragraph 3)
B. from a privileged position (line 4, paragraph 3)
C. articulate black concerns to white audiences (line 6, paragraph 3)
D. mobilise blacks through his day-to-day involvement (line 6-7, paragraph 3)
34. In the third paragraph, the writer suggests that King’s championship of a peaceful way of operating
_________.
A. enhanced the way in which activists were portrayed
B. was the principal reason for his becoming an effective leader
C. encouraged the black press
D. made the black movement worth mentioning in the newspaper
35. What does the reader learn about the spreading of ideas in the black movement?
A. The ideas came from literature on the black struggle.
B. King’s academic training had no bearing on the matter.
C. King’s most influential ideas came from outside the struggle.
D. It was a two-way process between leaders and other participants.
36. The writer says in the sixth paragraph that idolising King ________________.
A. reduce him to a human scale C. causes some to belittle him
B. emphasise his flaws D. increases the chances of people identifying with
him
37. The writer concludes with the idea that people can improve their lives ________________.
A. through grass roots activism C. by understanding history
B. only on rare occasions D. through an optimistic belief in leaders
38. Where can the following paragraph be placed in the reading text?

“If not as dominant a figure as sometimes portrayed, the historical King was nevertheless a
remarkable leader who acquired the respect and support of self-confident, grass-roots leaders, some
of whom possessed charismatic qualities of their own. Directing attention to the other leaders who
initiated and emerged from those struggles should not detract from our conception of King's
historical significance; such movement-oriented research reveals King as a leader who stood out in a
forest of tall trees.”
A. [A] B. [B] C. [C] D.[D]
39. What does the word “articulate” in paragraph 3 mostly mean?
A. communicate ideas emotionally C. express ideas clearly
B. express ideas briefly D. make rhetorical speeches
40. The phrase “his virtue” in paragraph 6 can be understood as ___________.
A. King’s exceptional abilities to make speeches C. King’s humbleness

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 B. King’s merits as a leader D. King’s moral quality

Your answers:
31. 32. 33. 34. 35.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.

Part 5. You are going to read a newspaper article about tall ship sailing. For questions 41 – 50,
choose from the sections (A – E). The sections may be chosen more than once.

BACK TO BASICS FOR FUN AT SEA

Journalist Tess Jordan joins the crew of the Windcutter for some tall ship sailing.

A. I have always been fascinated by tall ships, with their many imposing masts and sails so reminiscent
of times past. Thus, on being given the chance to join the crew for a month-long training voyage on
a tall ship, I grabbed it with both hands. At 42, I was one of the oldest of the thirty new crew
members, whose average age was 23. Despite our combined lack of maritime experience, we got
off to a pleasant, confidence-including start organised by Captain Cox and the bosun, Ben Murray.
Obviously, being the crew member in charge of the ship’s equipment and the deck hands, the
bosun would be a constant reassuring presence in our mind. Having assembled on the deck, we
were given a friendly pep talk, in which we were briefed about training would receive and given a
thorough grounding in everything concerning safety on board.

B. Captain Cox explained that absolutely everything we did would be part of the learning process. Our
names were already on lists for working groups known as ‘watches’. Each watch would be on duty
for a certain part of the day or night, and these would rotate during our time on board so that we
would get a taste of working each different shift. Clearly, we would be getting to know other
members of our watch really well. We would also be socialising with the other crew members
when participating in different lessons. These included plenty of rope work, sail-repairing, and
carpentry. We spent the first afternoon getting acquainted with each other, finding our way around
and learning the names for everything on the ship, whether it moved or not. We were due to set
sail at six in the morning with the high tide. Until then, we hoped the gentle swell in the harbour
was helping us to ‘find our sea legs’.

C. One thing that seemed certain from the outset was that we would have little time for idleness or
boredom. On deck, we would be handling lines and sails, keeping outlook, and scrubbing the decks.
Sailors have to know a little bit about every aspect of life on board, so we all had turns at taking the
helm to steer the ship. One activity that I was rather anxious about was climbing aloft in the rigging
to trim sails. Fortunately, the harnesses we were equipped with alleviated my concerns somewhat,
and in the end, it wasn’t nearly as bad as I had anticipated. In the galley, we helped the cook
prepare meals, did the washing-up and put everything away in its designated place after meals.
Space on any ship is at a premium, hence the need for absolute order.

D. In parallel to our hard physical work, we received lessons in navigation – not just involving the
theory, but with plenty of opportunities to put theory into practice, for example by plotting our
position and checking the course we were on. Although much of this is a science, learning about
wind directions and speeds and the vagaries of different currents in the sea seemed to be more like
an art that must be acquired through long experience. We certainly saw something of the different
moods of the weather at sea. Fortunately, everyone had been provided with top quality
waterproofs for use on deck. Actually the weather conditions gave us ample opportunity to
acclimatise ourselves to the motion of a boat at sea, which can induce dizziness and, in one

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 unfortunate case involving Jack, a member of my watch, a bad bout of seasickness. Luckily, with
some tips from the seasoned sailors, Jack learnt to overcome his nausea.

E. Ultimately, it turned out to be true that sharing work is a great way of bringing people together as
a cohesive unit and of creating friendships. What’s more, as we became more adept at our work on
the Windcutter, we developed the ability to function efficiently enough without concentrating hard
on our tasks, so there was a relaxed atmosphere and a feeling of camaraderie. After all, this was an
experience of a lifetime, not a typical nine-to-five job. Of course, we were always aware of the
need to do things properly, especially since the experienced crew members weren’t going to cut us
any slack in terms of the quality of our work. Nevertheless, I was seriously impressed by our
teamwork on the Windcutter, and I truly wish my fellow journalists and I could achieve similar
standards of work here at the Congress Courier.

In which section does the writer mention ________________. Your answers:

 a regret related to her personal life? 41. ___________________

 that acquiring certain skills and knowledge cannot be achieved 42. ___________________
overnight?
 that someone on board could always be counted on to be there 43. ___________________
when you needed them?
 that crew members could not be expected to show leniency when it 44. ___________________
came to how duties were performed?
 that tidiness is a necessary consequence of the limited space on 45. ___________________
board?
 that working as a group has a unifying effect? 46. ___________________
 that the trainees would have to learn some woodworking skills? 47. ___________________
 a novice being comforted thanks to the advice of experienced crew 48. ___________________
members?
 managing to overcome a fear? 49. ___________________
 that the trainees would not be working together in one group all of 50. ___________________
the time?

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Student’s full name:....................................................................... MARK
Class:................................

IV. WRITING (60 points)

Part 1 (15 points): Read the following extract and use your own words to summarize it in the space
provided. Your summary should be between 100 and 120 words.
No animal species can survive indefinitely on Earth. Centuries ago, species went extinct from
natural causes, for example, they were unable to adapt to bad weather and other difficult conditions.
However, animals are now dying out faster than ever because of human activity. It is estimated that,
until the 18th century, one species disappeared from the Earth every four years. By the 19th century,
this had increased to one species per year. By 1975, it was 1,000 species per year, and today animals
are disappearing at the alarming rate of more than 40,000 species per year.
There are many factors that can cause an animal or plant species to become endangered, and one
big factor is the destruction of their habitats. Deforestation and soil, air, and water pollution are
usually the main culprits. For example, the population of critically endangered Sumatran orangutans is
now less than 10,000 on their home island of Sumatra, Indonesia, due to deforestation and farming.
Another cause of endangerment is from humans exploiting wild animals. Uncontrolled hunting of
whales in the last century, for example, resulted in many whale species becoming critically
endangered. The high demand for animal parts stems from their use in certain foods or medicines or
their value as decorative objects. For example, the ivory tusks of elephants are used to make jewelry,
and the price is high enough that people risk being arrested and jailed to go after these animals.
Introducing a non-native species to an environment can also cause species endangerment. A
native species is one that develops naturally in a particular area and has done so for a long time. A
non-native species might be introduced into a new environment by humans, either intentionally or by
accident.
Organizations such as the World Wildlife Fund and the IUCN try to raise awareness of threatened
animals and plants. These organizations collaborate with government agencies to save threatened or
endangered species and to make new laws that will protect them. But to really protect plant and
animal species now and in the future, the public needs to be educated on the value of keeping these
species alive.
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Student’s full name: ....................................................................... MARK
Class: ................................

IV. WRITING (60 points)

Part 2 (15 points): The bar chart below shows the estimated sales of jeans for two companies next
year in Turkey. The pie chart shows the projected market share of the two companies in jeans at the
end of next year.
Summarise the ìnormation by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where
relevant. You should write at least 150 words.

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Student’s full name: .................................................................... MARK
Class: ................................

IV. WRITING (60 points)

Part 3 (30 points): Write an essay of 350 words on the following topic.
Many recent college graduates have faced record levels of unemployment. This situation has led
people to question what they value about higher education. Some high school students and their
parents are wondering if a college education is worth the cost. Others, however, believe that a college
education prepares students for more than just a job or career.
Discuss both views and give your opinions.

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