Alluvial

Solls

Most widespread so11 In

lndla

Deposited by Himalayan
rivers llke the Indus, the
Ganges and the
_ _ _-B_ra~hmaputra

Highly fertile

Present In Northern Plain

 -

Importance of Alluvial Soil

Found in river valleys of

Northern Plalns, strips in
Gujarat and Rajasthan and
In the deltas of Peninsular
rivers

Common In piedmont
Made up of silt, sand and
plains such as Duars,
clay and rich in nutrients
Chos & Terrai (that are
like potash, phosphoric
foothills)
acid & lime

On the basis of age, it can

be classified Into Bangar Suitable f or paddy, wheat,
(Old soil) & Khader (New sugarcane & other cereals
soil) and pulses
 Also known as regur soil or black B
cotton soil
L
Found in deccan trap (Basalt) region
A
spread over northwest Deccan C
plateau
K
Made up of lava flows
s
0
I
L
s
 Present in: Saurashtra, Maharashtra,
B
Malwa, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, etc. L
A
C
Consists of extremely fine clay material. K

s
Rich in: Calcium Carbonate, Magnesium 0
Carbonate, Potash and Lime.
I
L
s
 Develop deep cracks during
hot weather (summer)

Sticky when wet - Need to

be tilled immediately after
the first shower
 Red & Yellow Soil

► Develops on crystalline igneous rocks in low

rainfall regions

► Present in: Deccan Plateau, Odisha, laDks

yellow
Chhattlsgarh, etc. when It
ocanlna

DlffuNd

-. .
I • -- I
fA •
-
 Laterite Soil

► Derived from the Latin word 'later' means brick

► Develops under tropical & subtropical climate

► It Is the result of intense leaching due to heavy

rain

► Deficient in plant nutrients

 s,
Western
Ghats regions
of
Maharashtra,
Odlsha etc.
Useful for
deciduous
and
adequate evergreen
amounts of for
manure .
 Arid Soil
• Range from red to brown

• Sandy in texture, saline in nature

• In some areas salt content is high & common

salt is obtained by evaporating water

• Lacks in humus and moisture

.• .
•
 2. Foundin
Western Parts
of Rajasthan &
Northern
Gujarat

3. Kankar are
found In Its
lower horizon
due to
Increasing Ca+
content
Found in the hilly and mountainous areas

Loamy and silty in valley sides and

coarse grained in the upper slopes

: • J, 1 t in snow covered Himalayas

, :. ; :
1
, : , i

& are acidic with low humus content