Advanced Structural Mechanics

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School of Mechanical Engineering

Sungkyunkwan University

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This integral is referred to as the moment of inertia for an area.

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A ' 3 dA
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Q ' 3 dQ ' 3 rdA
A A

Qx ' 3 ydA Qy ' 3 xdA

A A

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x + A ' 3 xdA ' Qy y + A ' 3 ydA ' Qx
A A

x'
Qy
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3
A
xdA Q
y' x '
3 ydA
A
A 3 dA
A
A 3 dA A

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Qx ' 3 ydA ' 3 ydA % 3 ydA % 3 ydA
A A A
1 A 2 3

' A1 y1 % A2 y2 % A3 y3
Qy ' A1 x1 % A2 x2 % A3 x3

QyA1 x1 % A2 x2 % A3 x3
x' '
A A1 % A2 % A3
Q A y % A2 y2 % A3 y3
y' x ' 1 1
A A1 % A2 % A3

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x'
Qy
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,Ax i i
y'
Qx , Ai yi
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A ,A i A , Ai
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By definition, the moments of inertia of the differential element dA
about the x and y axes are dIx = y2 dA and , dIy = x2 dA, respectively.

For the entire area, the moment of inertia is determined by integration,

I x ' 3 y 2 dA
A

I y ' 3 x 2 dA
A

dJ O ' r 2 dA
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J O ' 3 r 2 dA ' I x % I y
A

"J O ' 3 r 2 dA ' 3 ( x 2 % y 2 )dA ' 3 x 2 dA % 3 y 2 dA

A A A A
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dI x ' ( y '%d y ) 2 dA
I x ' 3 ( y'%d y ) 2 dA ' 3 y'2 dA % 2d y 3 y' dA % d y2 3 dA
A A A A

I x ' I x ' % A + d y2
-." y ' dA ' y A ' 0 y ' 0 45
/ 3
since
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h/2 h/2
I x ' 3A y ' dA ' 3&h / 2 y ' (b dy ' ) ' b 3&h / 2 y ' dy
2 2 2
'

1 3
' bh
12

I x ' I x % Ad y2
b
'

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I x ' 3 y 2 dA ' 3 y 2 (2 x)dy

A A

a a4 d4
' 3 y 2 a & y dy '
2
' 2 2
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1
dI x '
3
dx 2 y
12
2
' y 3 dx
3
3/ 2
2 2 a a4 d4
Ix ' 3 a & x2 dx ' '
&a 3 4 64
I y ' Ix
a4 d4
( J 0 ' I x % I y ' 2I x ' '
2 32

dA ' 2 d
a
J0 ' 3 2
dA ' 3 2
2 d
A 0

a a4 d4
'3 2 3
d ' '
0 2 32
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I x ' (rx ) 2 A
I y ' (ry ) 2 A
Jo ' r 2 A
rx , ry , r : Radii of Gyration

rx '
Ix
ry '
Iy
r'
Jo J o (I x % I y )
r2 ' ' ' rx2 % ry2
A A A A A

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xy dA.
Thus, for the entire area A, the product of inertia is
Ixy = 'A xy dA.
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I xy ' I x ' y ' % Ad x d y

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I xy ' I x ' y ' % Ad x d y

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I xy ' I x ' y ' % Ad x d y

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