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‚¥¬ πæ¥≈ ‡«™«‘∞“π
√“§“ 200 ∫“∑
æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë 19 °√°Æ“§¡ 2545 ®”π«πæ‘¡æå 1,000 ‡≈à¡
æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë 20 °—𬓬π 2545 ®”π«πæ‘¡æå 2,000 ‡≈à¡
æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë 21 ‡¡…“¬π 2546 ®”π«πæ‘¡æå 2,000 ‡≈à¡
æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë 22 µÿ≈“§¡ 2546 ®”π«πæ‘¡æå 2,000 ‡≈à¡
æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë 23 情¿“§¡ 2547 ®”π«πæ‘¡æå 2,000 ‡≈à¡
æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë 24 惻®‘°“¬π 2547 ®”π«πæ‘¡æå 2,000 ‡≈à¡
æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë 25 °√°Æ“§¡ 2548 ®”π«πæ‘¡æå 1,000 ‡≈à¡

ß«π≈‘¢ ‘∑∏‘ϵ“¡æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—µ‘≈‘¢ ‘∑∏‘Ï æ.». 2537 ‚¥¬ ¡“§¡ à߇ √‘¡‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ (‰∑¬-≠’˪Éÿπ)
Àâ“¡≈Õ°‡≈’¬π‰¡à«à“ à«π„¥ à«πÀπ÷ËߢÕßÀπ—ß ◊Õ‡≈à¡π’È ‰¡à«à“„π√Ÿª·∫∫„¥ Ê
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πæ¥≈ ‡«™«‘∞“π.
‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµåÀ—«©’¥ EFI. - - °√ÿ߇∑æœ : ¡“§¡ à߇ √‘¡‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ (‰∑¬-≠’˪Éÿπ), 2544.
384 Àπâ“.
1. ‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå. I. ™◊ËÕ‡√◊ËÕß.
621.4
ISBN 974-8328-86-4

®—¥æ‘¡æå‚¥¬
5-7 ´Õ¬ ÿ¢ÿ¡«‘∑ 29 ∂ππ ÿ¢ÿ¡«‘∑ ·¢«ß§≈Õ߇µ¬‡Àπ◊Õ ‡¢µ«—≤π“ °√ÿ߇∑æœ 10110
‚∑√. 0-2258-0320 (6 ‡≈¢À¡“¬Õ—µ‚π¡—µ‘), 0-2259-9160 (10 ‡≈¢À¡“¬Õ—µ‚π¡—µ‘)
http://www.tpabookcentre.com
ÕÕ°·∫∫ª°·≈–√Ÿª‡≈à¡ : ß“πÕÕ°·∫∫ ‘Ëßæ‘¡æå à«πµ”√“œ

®—¥®”Àπà“¬‚¥¬
∫√‘…—∑ ¥«ß°¡≈ ¡—¬ ®”°—¥ 15/234 ´Õ¬‡ ◊Õ„À≠àÕÿ∑‘» ∂ππ√—™¥“¿‘‡…° ·¢«ß®—π∑√‡°…¡ ‡¢µ®µÿ®—°√ °√ÿ߇∑æœ 10900
‚∑√. 0-2541-7375, 0-2930-6215 ‚∑√ “√ 0-2541-7377, 0-2930-7733
E-mail : dktoday@inet.co.th

æ‘¡æå∑’Ë : Àâ“ßÀÿâπ à«π®”°—¥ ∑’. ‡Õ . ∫’. ‚ª√¥—° å ‚∑√. 0-2536-6085 ‚∑√ “√ : 0-2536-6087
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‚∑√. 0-2258-0320, 0-2259-9160 µàÕ 1560, 1570
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∫“ß à«π®“° The Japan-Thailand Economic Cooperation Society (JTECS) ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â®à“¬„π°“√
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(𓬠ÿæß»å ™¬ÿµ “À°‘®)

𓬰 ¡“§¡ à߇ √‘¡‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ (‰∑¬-≠’˪ÿÉπ)
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∫∑∑’Ë 1 §«“¡µâÕß°“√πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ߢÕ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµå .............................................................................. 1

1.1 Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢ÕßÕ“°“»·≈–πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß ........................................................................... 1
1.2 §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ßÕ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ßµàÕ§«“¡ ‘Èπ‡ª≈◊Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß ...................... 3
1.3 §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ßÕ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ßµàÕ à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õ߉Շ ’¬ ........................ 4
1.4 Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß∑’ˇ§√◊ËÕ߬πµåµâÕß°“√„π ¿“«–°“√∑”ß“πµà“ß Ê ........................ 5
1.5 ¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ“√å∫Ÿ‡√‡µÕ√å .................................................................................... 5
1.6 √–∫∫©’¥πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß .............................................................................................................. 7

∫∑∑’Ë 2 √–∫∫©’¥πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ßÕ‘‡≈Á°∑√Õπ‘° å ......................................................................................... 9

2.1 À≈—°°“√‡∫◊ÈÕßµâπ .......................................................................................................................... 9
2.2 ™π‘¥¢Õß√–∫∫ EFI ..................................................................................................................... 10
2.3 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡√–¬–‡«≈“„π°“√©’¥πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß ......................................................................... 12
2.4 à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß√–∫∫ EFI ....................................................................................................... 14

∫∑∑’Ë 3 √–∫∫‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß ............................................................................................................................... 17

3.1 à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß√–∫∫‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß ................................................................................................ 17
3.2 ªíö¡πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß ....................................................................................................................... 18
3.3 °√ÕßπÈ”¡—π ................................................................................................................................... 21
3.4 ∑àÕ®à“¬πÈ”¡—π ................................................................................................................................ 21
3.5 µ—«§«∫§ÿ¡§«“¡¥—π ...................................................................................................................... 22
3.6 À—«©’¥ª√–®” Ÿ∫ ........................................................................................................................... 25
3.7 À—«©’¥ µ“√嵇¬Áπ ......................................................................................................................... 27
3.8 µ—«ªÑÕß°—π°“√°√–‡æ◊ËÕ¡¢ÕßπÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß .............................................................................. 29

∫∑∑’Ë 4 √–∫∫ª√–®ÿÕ“°“» ......................................................................................................................... 31

4.1 à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß√–∫∫ª√–®ÿÕ“°“» .......................................................................................... 31
4.2 °“√‰À≈¢ÕßÕ“°“»„π√–∫∫ ........................................................................................................ 32
4.3 °√ÕßÕ“°“» ................................................................................................................................. 32
4.4 ¡“µ√«—¥°“√‰À≈¢ÕßÕ“°“» ........................................................................................................ 33
4.5 ‡√◊Õπ≈‘Èπ‡√àß .................................................................................................................................. 40
4.6 ≈‘ÈπÕ“°“» ..................................................................................................................................... 42
4.7 ÀâÕߪ√–®ÿ‰Õ¥’ ............................................................................................................................... 47
∫∑∑’Ë 5 √–∫∫§«∫§ÿ¡Õ‘‡≈Á°∑√Õπ‘° å .......................................................................................................... 49
5.1 à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß√–∫∫§«∫§ÿ¡Õ‘‡≈Á°∑√Õπ‘° å ........................................................................... 49
5.2 µ—«µ√«®®—∫ ÿ≠≠“°“» ................................................................................................................ 50
5.3 µ—«µ√«®®—∫µ”‡Àπàß≈‘Èπ‡√àß ........................................................................................................... 52
5.4 µ—«µ√«®®—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘πÈ” ................................................................................................................ 58
5.5 µ—«µ√«®®—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘Õ“°“» ......................................................................................................... 60
5.6 µ—«µ√«®®—∫ª√‘¡“≥ÕÕ°´‘‡®π...................................................................................................... 62
5.7 «‘µ™å§«∫§ÿ¡‡«≈“„π°“√©’¥¢ÕßÀ—«©’¥ µ“√嵇¬Áπ .................................................................... 65
5.8 Àπ૬§«∫§ÿ¡Õ‘‡≈Á°∑√Õπ‘° å ........................................................................................................ 68

∫∑∑’Ë 6 √–∫∫§«∫§ÿ¡¥â«¬§Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å ...................................................................................................... 75

6.1 §«“¡‡ªìπ¡“¢Õß√–∫∫ TCCS .................................................................................................... 75
6.2 Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß TCCS......................................................................................................................... 76
6.3 ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕß√–∫∫§«∫§ÿ¡‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå TCCS ......................................................................... 77
6.4 µ—«µ√«®®—∫ —≠≠“≥ .................................................................................................................... 79
6.5 —≠≠“≥®“° «‘µ™åµà“ß Ê............................................................................................................ 110
6.6 Àπ૬§«∫§ÿ¡Õ‘‡≈Á°∑√Õπ‘° å ........................................................................................................ 114
6.7 √–∫∫§«∫§ÿ¡Õß»“°“√®ÿ¥√–‡∫‘¥≈à«ßÀπâ“ .................................................................................. 117
6.8 √–∫∫§«∫§ÿ¡§«“¡‡√Á«√Õ∫‡¥‘π‡∫“............................................................................................. 124
6.9 √–∫∫ª√–®ÿÕ“°“»·∫∫‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈߉¥â ...................................................................................... 140
6.10 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡ªíö¡πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß .................................................................................................... 149
6.11 °“√§«∫§ÿ¡À—«©’¥ µ“√嵇¬Áπ ...................................................................................................... 150
6.12 √–∫∫°“√«‘π‘®©—¬¢âÕ¢—¥¢âÕß ........................................................................................................ 151

∫∑∑’Ë 7 «ß®√‰øøÑ“§«∫§ÿ¡√–∫∫ ................................................................................................................ 161

7.1 «ß®√®à“¬°√–· ‰øøÑ“„Àâ°—∫§Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å ................................................................................... 161
7.2 «ß®√‰øøÑ“§«∫§ÿ¡À—«©’¥ª√–®” Ÿ∫ ............................................................................................. 165
7.3 «ß®√‰øøÑ“§«∫§ÿ¡ªíö¡πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß ......................................................................................... 168
7.4 «ß®√‰øøÑ“§«∫§ÿ¡≈‘ÈπÕ“°“» ....................................................................................................... 172
7.5 «ß®√‰øøÑ“ —≠≠“≥§«“¡‡√Á«√Õ∫‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå ............................................................................ 173
7.6 µ—«Õ¬à“ß«ß®√‰øøÑ“§«∫§ÿ¡‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµåÀ—«©’¥ ............................................................................. 174

∫∑∑’Ë 8 °“√µ√«®‡™Á°‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµåÀ—«©’¥ EFI.............................................................................................. 181

8.1 °“√À“¢âÕ¢—¥¢âÕߢÕ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµåÀ—«©’¥ ...................................................................................... 181
8.2 ¢âÕ§«√√–«—ß„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµåÀ—«©’¥ EFI ................................................................. 186
8.3 °“√„™â „∫ß“π ”À√—∫Ωñ°ªØ‘∫—µ‘ .................................................................................................... 190
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 1 °“√µ√«® Õ∫«ß®√®à“¬°√–· „Àâ°—∫°≈àÕß ECU .......................................................... 193
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 2 °“√µ√«® Õ∫√’‡≈¬åÀ≈—° EFI .......................................................................................... 195
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 3 °“√µ√«® Õ∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õߪíö¡πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß ........................................................... 198
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 4 °“√µ√«® Õ∫«ß®√‰øøÑ“§«∫§ÿ¡ªíö¡πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß 1 .................................................. 200
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 5 °“√µ√«® Õ∫«ß®√‰øøÑ“§«∫§ÿ¡ªíö¡πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß 2 .................................................. 202
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 6 °“√µ√«® Õ∫√’‡≈¬å‡ªî¥«ß®√ 1 ...................................................................................... 204
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 7 °“√µ√«® Õ∫√’‡≈¬å‡ªî¥«ß®√ 2 ...................................................................................... 206
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 8 °“√µ√«® Õ∫§«“¡¥—ππÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß ........................................................................... 207
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 9 °“√µ√«®«—¥§«“¡¥—ππÈ”¡—πµ°§â“ß„π√–∫∫ ................................................................... 209
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 10 °“√µ√«® Õ∫µ—«§«∫§ÿ¡§«“¡¥—ππÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß ......................................................... 211
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 11 °“√µ√«® Õ∫‡ ’¬ß°“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßÀ—«©’¥ ....................................................................... 213
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 12 °“√µ√«® Õ∫«ß®√‰øøÑ“§«∫§ÿ¡À—«©’¥ .......................................................................... 215
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 13 °“√µ√«® Õ∫§à“§«“¡µâ“π∑“π¢ÕßÀ—«©’¥ ..................................................................... 219
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 14 °“√µ√«® Õ∫°“√√—Ë«´÷¡·≈–ª√‘¡“≥°“√©’¥¢ÕßÀ—«©’¥ ................................................. 220
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 15 °“√µ√«® Õ∫µ—«§«“¡µâ“π∑“π¢ÕßÀ—«©’¥ ..................................................................... 222
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 16 °“√µ√«® Õ∫§à“§«“¡µâ“π∑“π¢ÕßÀ—«©’¥ µ“√嵇¬Áπ .................................................. 223
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 17 °“√µ√«® Õ∫°“√√—Ë«´÷¡·≈–°“√©’¥¢ÕßÀ—«©’¥ µ“√嵇¬Áπ ............................................ 224
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 18 °“√µ√«® Õ∫«ß®√‰øøÑ“¢ÕßÀ—«©’¥ µ“√嵇¬Áπ ............................................................. 226
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 19 °“√µ√«® Õ∫ «‘µ™å§«∫§ÿ¡À—«©’¥ µ“√嵇¬Áπ ................................................................ 228
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 20 °“√µ√«® Õ∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß≈‘ÈπÕ“°“» ........................................................................ 230
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 21 °“√µ√«® Õ∫√–∫∫§«∫§ÿ¡§«“¡‡√Á«√Õ∫‡¥‘π‡∫“·∫∫„™â ‚√µ“√’Ë ‚´≈’πÕ¬¥å«“≈å« ........ 232
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 22 °“√µ√«® Õ∫«ß®√‰øøÑ“¢Õß‚√µ“√’Ë ‚´≈’πÕ¬¥å«“≈å« ..................................................... 234
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 23 °“√µ√«® Õ∫‚√µ“√’Ë ‚´≈’πÕ¬¥å«“≈å« .............................................................................. 236
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 24 °“√ª√—∫µ—Èߧ«“¡‡√Á«√Õ∫‡¥‘π‡∫“ .................................................................................... 238
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 25 °“√µ√«® Õ∫·≈–ª√—∫µ—Èßµ—«Àπà«ß≈‘Èπ‡√àß ...................................................................... 240
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 26 °“√µ√«® Õ∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß VTV ............................................................................... 242
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 27 °“√µ√«® Õ∫°“√‡æ‘Ë¡√Õ∫‡¥‘π‡∫“À≈—ß µ“√åµ .............................................................. 244
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 28 °“√µ√«® Õ∫°“√‡æ‘Ë¡√Õ∫‡¥‘π‡∫“‡¡◊ËÕ¡’¿“√–∑“߉øøÑ“ ............................................... 246
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 29 °“√µ√«® Õ∫«ß®√‰øøÑ“√–∫∫‡æ‘Ë¡√Õ∫‡¥‘π‡∫“·∫∫„™â «‘µ™åªî¥‡ªî¥ ÿ≠≠“°“» ........ 247
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 30 °“√µ√«® Õ∫ «‘µ™åªî¥‡ªî¥ ÿ≠≠“°“» .......................................................................... 249
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 31 °“√µ√«® Õ∫«ß®√‰øøÑ“√–∫∫‡æ‘Ë¡√Õ∫‡¥‘π‡∫“„™â≈‘Èπ§«∫§ÿ¡Õ“°“» ........................... 251
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 32 °“√µ√«® Õ∫≈‘Èπ§«∫§ÿ¡Õ“°“» ..................................................................................... 252
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 33 °“√µ√«® Õ∫°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫ T-VIS ................................................................... 254
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 34 °“√µ√«® Õ∫√À— «‘π‘®©—¬¢âÕ¢—¥¢âÕß .............................................................................. 256
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 35 °“√µ√«® Õ∫«ß®√‰øøÑ“µ—«µ√«®®—∫ ÿ≠≠“°“» ........................................................... 258
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 36 °“√µ√«® Õ∫µ—«µ√«®®—∫ ÿ≠≠“°“» ............................................................................. 260
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 37 °“√µ√«® Õ∫·√ߥ—π‰øøÑ“µ—«µ√«®®—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘πÈ” ........................................................ 262
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 38 °“√µ√«® Õ∫µ—«µ√«®®—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘πÈ” ............................................................................. 264
 „∫ß“π∑’Ë 39 °“√µ√«® Õ∫·√ߥ—π‰øøÑ“µ—«µ√«®®—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘Õ“°“» ................................................. 266
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 40 °“√µ√«® Õ∫µ—«µ√«®®—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘Õ“°“» ...................................................................... 268
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 41 °“√µ√«® Õ∫§à“·√ߥ—π‰øøÑ“µ—«µ√«®®—∫µ”·Àπàß≈‘Èπ‡√àß 1 ......................................... 270
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 42 °“√µ√«® Õ∫µ—«µ√«®®—∫µ”·Àπàß≈‘Èπ‡√àß 1 .................................................................. 272
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 43 °“√µ√«® Õ∫§à“·√ߥ—π‰øøÑ“µ—«µ√«®®—∫µ”·Àπàß≈‘Èπ‡√àß 2 ......................................... 274
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 44 °“√µ√«® Õ∫µ—«µ√«®®—∫µ”·Àπàß≈‘Èπ‡√àß 2 .................................................................. 276
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 45 °“√µ√«® Õ∫§à“·√ߥ—π‰øøÑ“µ—«µ√«®®—∫µ”·Àπàß≈‘Èπ‡√àß 3 ......................................... 278
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 46 °“√µ√«® Õ∫µ—«µ√«®®—∫µ”·Àπàß≈‘Èπ‡√àß 3 .................................................................. 280
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 47 °“√ª√—∫µ—Èßµ—«µ√«®®—∫µ”·Àπàß≈‘Èπ‡√àß 1 ....................................................................... 281
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 48 °“√ª√—∫µ—Èßµ—«µ√«®®—∫µ”·Àπàß≈‘Èπ‡√àß 2 ....................................................................... 283
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 49 °“√ª√—∫µ—Èßµ—«µ√«®®—∫µ”·Àπàß≈‘Èπ‡√àß 3 ....................................................................... 285
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 50 °“√µ√«® Õ∫µ—«µ√«®®—∫¡ÿ¡‡æ≈“¢âÕ‡À«’Ë¬ß 1 .............................................................. 286
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 51 °“√µ√«® Õ∫«ß®√‰øøÑ“µ—«µ√«®®—∫¡ÿ¡‡æ≈“¢âÕ‡À«’Ë¬ß 1 ............................................ 288
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 52 °“√µ√«® Õ∫µ—«µ√«®®—∫¡ÿ¡‡æ≈“¢âÕ‡À«’Ë¬ß 2 .............................................................. 289
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 53 °“√µ√«® Õ∫«ß®√‰øøÑ“µ—«µ√«®®—∫¡ÿ¡‡æ≈“¢âÕ‡À«’Ë¬ß 2 ............................................ 291
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 54 °“√µ√«® Õ∫µ—«µ√«®®—∫¡ÿ¡‡æ≈“¢âÕ‡À«’Ë¬ß 3 .............................................................. 292
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 55 °“√µ√«® Õ∫«ß®√‰øøÑ“µ—«µ√«®®—∫¡ÿ¡‡æ≈“¢âÕ‡À«’Ë¬ß 3 ............................................ 294
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 56 °“√µ√«® Õ∫§Õ¬≈å®ÿ¥√–‡∫‘¥ 1..................................................................................... 296
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 57 °“√µ√«® Õ∫§Õ¬≈å®ÿ¥√–‡∫‘¥ 2..................................................................................... 297
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 58 °“√µ√«® Õ∫§Õ¬≈å®ÿ¥√–‡∫‘¥ 3..................................................................................... 298
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 59 °“√µ√«® Õ∫µ—«™à«¬®ÿ¥√–‡∫‘¥ ...................................................................................... 299
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 60 °“√µ√«® Õ∫ —≠≠“≥§«∫§ÿ¡°“√®ÿ¥√–‡∫‘¥ (IGT) ..................................................... 300
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 61 °“√µ√«® Õ∫ —≠≠“≥¬◊π¬—π°“√®ÿ¥√–‡∫‘¥ (IGF) ........................................................ 302
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 62 °“√µ√«® Õ∫·≈–ª√—∫µ—Èß®—ßÀ«–°“√®ÿ¥√–‡∫‘¥ ............................................................. 304
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 63 °“√µ√«® Õ∫ —≠≠“≥°“√ µ“√åµ (STA) ..................................................................... 307
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 64 °“√µ√«®«—¥·≈–ª√—∫ª√‘¡“≥ CO „π·°ä ‰Õ‡ ’¬ .......................................................... 308
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 65 °“√µ√«® Õ∫µ—«§«“¡µâ“π∑“π ”À√—∫ª√—∫ à«πº ¡‡¥‘π‡∫“ ...................................... 310
„∫ß“π∑’Ë 66 °“√µ√«® Õ∫µ—«µ√«®®—∫ª√‘¡“≥ÕÕ°´‘‡®π .................................................................. 313

¿“§ºπ«° ......................................................................................................................................................... 317

- √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥·≈–§à“°”Àπ¥√–∫∫ EFI ¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµå 4E - FE ..................................................... 318
- √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥·≈–§à“°”Àπ¥√–∫∫ EFI ¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµå 4A - FE ..................................................... 325
- √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥·≈–§à“°”Àπ¥√–∫∫ EFI ¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµå 4E - GE..................................................... 334
- √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥·≈–§à“°”Àπ¥√–∫∫ EFI ¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµå 5A - FE ..................................................... 350
- √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥·≈–§à“°”Àπ¥√–∫∫ EFI ¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµå 7A - FE ..................................................... 363

∫√√≥“πÿ°√¡ ................................................................................................................................................ 373

 §«“¡µâÕß°“√πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ߢÕ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµå 1

∫ ∑ ∑’Ë
§«“¡µâÕß°“√πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß
1 ¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµå

ªí®®ÿ∫—π‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå·°ä ‚´≈’π‰¥â∂Ÿ°æ—≤π“„Àâ¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ Ÿß¡“°¬‘Ëߢ÷Èπ §◊ÕπÕ°®“°®–欓¬“¡

∑”„Àâ ‰¥â°”≈—ß Ÿß ÿ¥·≈â« ¬—ßµâÕß¡’§«“¡ ‘Èπ‡ª≈◊ÕßπÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß·≈–‡°‘¥¡≈¿“«–‡ªìπæ‘…®“°·°ä ‰Õ‡ ’¬πâÕ¬
∑’Ë ÿ¥Õ’°¥â«¬ ´÷Ëߪ√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµåπ’È ®–¢÷ÈπÕ¬Ÿà°—∫Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑’Ë ”§—≠À≈“¬ª√–°“√¥â«¬°—π §◊Õ
1. Õ—µ√“ à«π°“√Õ—¥
2. °√–∫«π°“√„π°“√‡º“‰À¡â
3. Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢ÕßÕ“°“»·≈–πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß∑’˪ÑÕπ‡¢â“°√–∫Õ° Ÿ∫
4. °“√ÕÕ°·∫∫™‘Èπ à«πµà“ß Ê ¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµå
Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢ÕßÕ“°“»·≈–πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß π—∫‡ªìπ ‘Ëß∑’Ë ”§—≠¡“°Õ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß∑’Ë®–¡’º≈µàÕ
ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµå À“°Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß∑’˪ÑÕπ‡¢â“°√–∫Õ° Ÿ∫‰¡à‡À¡“– ¡ ®–‡ªìπ‡Àµÿ
„À⇧√◊ËÕ߬πµå¡’°”≈—ßß“πµË” ‘Èπ‡ª≈◊ÕßπÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß ·≈–‡°‘¥·°ä §“√å∫Õπ¡ÕπÕ°‰´¥å (CO) ¡“° ´÷Ëß®–‡ªìπ
Õ—πµ√“¬µàÕ√à“ß°“¬¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å

1.1 Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢ÕßÕ“°“»·≈–πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß

Õ—µ√“ à«π¢ÕßÕ“°“»·≈–πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß ∑’Ë „™â°—∫‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå ®–ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ à«πº ¡ 3 ·∫∫ §◊Õ

1. Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢ÕßÕ“°“»·≈–πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ßµ“¡∑ƒ…Æ’ (theoretical air- fuel ratio)
2. Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡Àπ“ (rich mixture)
3. Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡∫“ß (lean mixture)
 2 ‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµåÀ—«©’¥ EFI

1.1.1 Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢ÕßÕ“°“»·≈–πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ßµ“¡∑ƒ…Æ’

Õ—µ√“ «à πº ¡¢ÕßÕ“°“»·≈–πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÕÈ ‡æ≈‘ßµ“¡∑ƒ…Æ’ À¡“¬∂÷ß Õ—µ√“ «à πº ¡¢ÕßÕ“°“»·≈–πÈ”¡—π
‡™◊ÕÈ ‡æ≈‘ß∑’®Ë ”‡ªìπ ”À√—∫°“√‡º“‰À¡âÕ¬à“ß ¡∫Ÿ√≥å ´÷ßË ¡’§“à ‡∑à“°—∫ 14.7:1 À√◊Õª√–¡“≥ 15:1 ‡¡◊ÕË §‘¥‚¥¬πÈ”Àπ—°
°≈à“«§◊Õ ®–µâÕß„™âÕ“°“»Àπ—° 14.7 Kg µàÕπÈ”¡—π‡∫π´‘π 1 Kg À√◊Õ∂ⓧ‘¥‚¥¬ª√‘¡“µ√®–µâÕß„™âÕ“°“»®”π«π
10,000 ≈‘µ√ µàÕπÈ”¡—π‡∫π´‘π 1 ≈‘µ√

15 Kg COMBUSTION
1 Kg

AIR FUEL

EFI 001

√Ÿª∑’Ë 1.1 Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢ÕßÕ“°“»·≈–πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ßµ“¡∑ƒ…Æ’

1.1.2 à«πº ¡Àπ“

Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢ÕßÕ“°“»·≈–πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ßµ“¡∑ƒ…Æ’ ∂◊Õ«à“‡ªìπÕ—µ√“ à«πº ¡∑’ËæÕ¥’ ”À√—∫
°“√‡º“‰À¡âÕ¬à“ß ¡∫Ÿ√≥å ∂â“Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡πâÕ¬°«à“ 14.7:1 ‡™àπ 12:1 ´÷Ë߇ªìπ à«πº ¡∑’Ë „™âÕ“°“»πâÕ¬°«à“
∑ƒ…Æ’ ®–‡√’¬°«à“ à«πº ¡Àπ“ (rich mixture)

1.1.3 à«πº ¡∫“ß

”À√—∫ «à πº ¡∑’¡Ë §’ “à ¡“°°«à“ 14.7:1 ‡™àπ 16:1 ´÷ßË ‡ªìπ «à πº ¡∑’Ë„™âÕ“°“»¡“°°«à“∑ƒ…Æ’ ®–‡√’¬°«à“
«à πº ¡∫“ß (lean mixture)
 §«“¡µâÕß°“√πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ߢÕ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµå 3

1.2 §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ßÕ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß

µàÕ§«“¡ π‘È ‡ª≈◊ÕßπÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÕÈ ‡æ≈‘ß ·≈–°”≈—ßß“π¢Õ߇§√◊ÕË ß¬πµå

Nemax
§«“¡ ‘Èπ‡ª≈◊ÕßπÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß
°”≈—ßß“π (Ne)

bemin

13:1 14.7:1 16:1

Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß
EFI 002

√Ÿª∑’Ë 1.2 °√“ø· ¥ß§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ßÕ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ßµàÕ§«“¡ ‘Èπ‡ª≈◊ÕßπÈ”¡—π

·≈–°”≈—ߢÕ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµå

®“°°√“ø Õ—µ√“ «à πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÕÈ ‡æ≈‘ß∑’ªË √–¡“≥ 16:1 (bemin) ‡ªìπÕ—µ√“ «à πº ¡∑’¡Ë §’ «“¡ π‘È ‡ª≈◊Õß
πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ßπâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥ ·≈–∑’ËÕ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ߪ√–¡“≥ 12-13:1 (Nemax) ®–‡ªìπÕ—µ√“ à«πº ¡
∑’Ë „Àâ°”≈—ßß“π Ÿß ÿ¥ ·≈–„π™à«ß à«πº ¡∑’ËÀπ“°«à“Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡µ“¡∑ƒ…Æ’ ®–‡ªìπ™à«ß∑’Ë „ÀâÕ—µ√“°“√‡√àߥ’
‡π◊ËÕß®“°°√“øæÿàߢ÷Èπ Ÿà§à“ Ÿß ÿ¥
 4 ‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµåÀ—«©’¥ EFI

1.3 §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ßÕ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ßµàÕ

à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õ߉Շ ’¬

HC
CO
ª√‘¡“≥¢Õß CO, HC, NOX

NOX
9:1 12:1 14.7:1 18:1 21:1
Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß
HC : ‰Œ‚¥√§“√å∫Õπ (Hydro Carbons)
CO : §“√å∫Õπ¡ÕπÕ°‰´¥å (Carbon Monoxide)
NOX : ÕÕ°‰´¥å¢Õ߉π‚µ√‡®π (Oxide of Nirogen) ‡™àπ No, No2

EFI 003

√Ÿª∑’Ë 1.3 °√“ø· ¥ß§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ßÕ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ßµàÕ à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õ߉Շ ’¬

„π·°ä ‰Õ‡ ’¬¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµå ®–ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ “√ª√–°Õ∫µà“ß Ê ∑’ˇªìπæ‘…µàÕ√à“ß°“¬¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å §◊Õ

1. ·°ä §“√å∫Õπ¡ÕπÕ°‰´¥å (Carbon Monoxide : CO)
2. ÕÕ°‰´¥å¢Õ߉π‚µ√‡®π (Oxide of Nitrogen : NO, NO2)
3. ‰Œ‚¥√§“√å∫Õπ (Hydro Carbons : HC)
®“°°√“ø· ¥ß§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß à«πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß°—∫ à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õ߉Շ ’¬ „π√Ÿª∑’Ë 1.3
®–‡ÀÁπ«à“∑’ËÕ—µ√“ à«πº ¡Àπ“®–‡°‘¥·°ä §“√å∫Õπ¡ÕπÕ°‰´¥å (CO) ·≈–‰Œ‚¥√§“√å∫Õπ¡“° ·≈–∑’Ë „°≈⇧’¬ß
°—∫ à«πº ¡µ“¡∑ƒ…Æ’ ®–‡°‘¥ÕÕ°‰´¥å¢Õ߉π‚µ√‡®π (NOx) ¡“°
 §«“¡µâÕß°“√πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ߢÕ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµå 5

1.4 Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß∑’ˇ§√◊ËÕ߬πµåµâÕß°“√

„π ¿“«–°“√∑”ß“πµà“ß Ê

‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå·°ä ‚´≈’π√ÿàπ·√° Ê À√◊Õ√ÿàπª√–¡“≥ 10 ªï∑’˺à“π¡“ ®–¡’§“√å∫Ÿ‡√‡µÕ√凪ìπÕÿª°√≥å ”À√—∫

∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë®“à ¬ à«πº ¡¢ÕßÕ“°“»·≈–πÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘߇¢â“°√–∫Õ° Ÿ∫ „πÕ—µ√“ à«πº ¡µà“ß Ê ∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡°—∫
¿“«–°“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµå ¥—ßπ’È §◊Õ
1. ¢≥–∑”°“√ µ“√åµ ‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå®–µâÕß°“√ à«πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß∑’˧àÕπ¢â“ßÀπ“¡“° (ª√–¡“≥
10:1 ) ‡π◊ËÕß®“°„π¢≥– µ“√åµ ‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå¬—ß¡’§«“¡‡√Á«√Õ∫µË” ‡ªìπ‡Àµÿ„ÀâÕ“°“»∑’Ë ‰À≈ºà“π§Õ§Õ¥ (venturi)
¢Õߧ“√å∫Ÿ‡√‡µÕ√å¡’§«“¡‡√Á«µË”‰ª¥â«¬ ∑”„ÀâπÈ”¡—π‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘߉¡à “¡“√∂‡ªìπΩÕ¬≈–ÕÕ߉¥â¥’ æ√âÕ¡∑—Èß
‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå¬—ß¡’§«“¡Ωó¥ Ÿß ¥—ßπ—Èπ®÷ß®”‡ªìπµâÕß„™âÕ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß∑’ËÀπ“¡“°°«à“ª°µ‘ ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ ‰¥â
°”≈—ßß“π„π°“√¢—∫‡§≈◊ËÕπ™‘Èπ à«π¡“°¢÷Èπ ·≈–‡ªìπ°“√™¥‡™¬°“√‡ªìπΩÕ¬≈–ÕÕߢÕßπÈ”¡—π∑’ˬ—߉¡à¥’
2. ¢≥–‡¥‘π‡∫“ ‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå¡’§«“¡‡√Á«√Õ∫ª√–¡“≥ 600 - 800 √Õ∫/π“∑’ ´÷Ë߇ªì𧫓¡‡√Á«√Õ∫
∑’˵˔ ¥—ßπ—Èπ‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå®÷߬—ߧߵâÕß°“√Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡∑’ËÀπ“ (ª√–¡“≥ 10:1) ‡æ◊ËÕ„À⇧√◊ËÕ߬πµå “¡“√∂
∑”ß“πÕ¬Ÿà ‰¥â ‚¥¬‰¡à –¥ÿ¥À√◊Õ¥—∫‰ª ‡π◊ËÕß®“°§«“¡Ωó¥¢Õß™‘Èπ à«π ·≈–‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ°“√™¥‡™¬°“√‡ªìπΩÕ¬≈–ÕÕß
¢ÕßπÈ”¡—π∑’ˬ—߉¡à§àÕ¬¥’π—°
3. ¢≥–Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘µË” ‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµåµâÕß°“√Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡∑’ËÀπ“ ‡æ√“–§«“¡‡¬Áπ®–∑”„ÀâΩÕ¬≈–ÕÕß
¢ÕßπÈ”¡—π∫“ß à«π°≈—Ëπµ—«‡ªìπÀ¬¥πÈ”¡—𵑥µ“¡ºπ—ß∑àÕ‰Õ¥’·≈–ºπ—ß°√–∫Õ° Ÿ∫
4. ¢≥–„™âß“πª°µ‘ ‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå√—∫¿“√–ª“π°≈“ß §«“¡‡√Á«√Õ∫ª√–¡“≥ 2000 - 2500 √Õ∫/π“∑’
Õ—µ√“ «à πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÕÈ ‡æ≈‘ß∑’‡Ë §√◊ÕË ß¬πµåµÕâ ß°“√®–Õ¬Ÿà„π™à«ß 15:1 - 16:1 ´÷ßË ‡ªìπÕ—µ√“ «à πº ¡∑’ªË √–À¬—¥ ·≈–
„°≈⇧’¬ß°—∫Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡µ“¡∑ƒ…Æ’
5. ¢≥–‡√à߇§√◊ËÕß Õ—µ√“ à«πº ¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘ß∑’ˇ§√◊ËÕ߬πµåµâÕß°“√®–Àπ“°«à“ª°µ‘ ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ ‰¥â
°”≈—ßß“π ”À√—∫‡æ‘Ë¡§«“¡‡√Á«√Õ∫‰¥âÕ¬à“ß∑—π∑’∑—π„¥
6. ¢≥–„™â°”≈—ßß“π Ÿß ‡™àπ¢≥–∫√√∑ÿ° ‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµå®–µâÕß°“√ à«πº ¡∑’ËÀπ“ ª√–¡“≥ 12:1 -
13:1 ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ ‰¥â°”≈—ßß“π Ÿß ÿ¥

1.5 ¢âÕ®”°—¥„π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ“√å∫Ÿ‡√‡µÕ√å

‡π◊ËÕß®“°‡§√◊ËÕ߬πµåµâÕß∑”ß“πÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬„µâ ¿“«–°“√∑”ß“πµà“ß Ê ∑’Ë¡’°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßÕ¬Ÿàµ≈Õ¥

‡«≈“µ“¡ ¿“æ°“√¢—∫¢’¢Ë Õß√∂¬πµå¥—ßπ—πÈ §“√å∫‡Ÿ √‡µÕ√å∑π’Ë ”¡“„™â®–µâÕß∂Ÿ°ÕÕ°·∫∫„Àâ “¡“√∂®à“¬ «à πº ¡¢Õß
‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ≈‘߉¥âÕ¬à“ß∂Ÿ°µâÕß·≈–√«¥‡√Á«∑—πµàÕ°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß ¿“«–°“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕ߬πµå ¥â«¬‡Àµÿπ’È®–