17 23 Eight Development Shoring MU4 29

‫ووﺗـــــــــــﺮ ﻟ ﺳﺘﺸـــــﺎرات اﻟﻬﻨـــــﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫د‪.‬م‪ /.‬إﺑــــــــﺮاﻫﻴــــﻢ ﻫﻨــــــﺪى‬
‫ﻓﻰﻋ‬ ‫ﺗﻘ‬
‫ﻧ ﺎم ﺳ ﺟ اﻧ اﻟ ﻔ‬ ‫ﺗ‬
‫وع إﻧ ﺎء ﺑ ج اﺳ ﻌ ﺎﻻت ﻣ ﻠ ﺔ‬ ‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻗ ﻌﺔ رﻗ )‪(MU4-29‬‬
‫ﻠ ﺔ‬ ‫ﻣ ﻘﺔ اﻻﺳ ﻌ ﺎﻻت اﻟ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﺻ ﺔ اﻹدار ﺔ اﻟ ﯾ ة‬
‫ﻣﻠ اﻟ ﺎدة ‪ /‬ﺷ ﺔ إﯾ ﻟﻼﺳ ﺎرات اﻟﻌﻘﺎر ﺔ‬
‫***********************‬
‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٢٠٢٣/٠٢/١٧‬‬
‫ﻓﺒﺮﺍﻳﺮ ‪٢٠٢٣‬‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺃ‪.‬ﺩ‪ / .‬ﻁﺎﺭﻕ ﻧﺠﻴﺐ ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ‬
‫‪Consultant and Professor of Geotechnical Engineering‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻯ ﻭﺃﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ ‪ -‬ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﺔ ‪ -‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻗﺎﺯﻳﻖ‬
‫)‪Revision (1‬‬
‫‪Date: 26/02/2023‬‬
‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﺑﺮﺝ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻄﺔ ‪ -‬ﻕ )‪ - (MU4-29‬ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻄﺔ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﺓ ‪Eight-Development-Shoring.doc #17/02/2023‬‬
‫‪7 Al Obour Buildings, Salah Salem St, Cairo, Egypt‬‬ ‫‪ ٧‬ﻋﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺻﻼﺡ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪Tel: 02 24039 216 | Fax: 02240 39 218| Mobile : 01000173730‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻞ‪ | ٠١٠٠٠١٧٣٧٣٠ :‬ﻓﺎﻛﺲ‪| ٠٢٢٤٠٣٩٢١٨ :‬ﺗﻠﻴﻔﻮﻥ‪٠٢٢٤٠٣٩٢١٦ :‬‬ ‫‪1/53‬‬
‫‪E-Mail: water.consultations@gmail.com‬‬ ‫‪P a g e | 1/18‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻣﻘــﺪﻣــﺔ‪٣.................................................................................................................................... :‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻭﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻟﻪ ﻭﻣﻨﺎﺳﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪٣.................................................................... :‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪٤..................................................................... :‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ‪٦........................................................................................................ :‬‬
‫‪ -١-٤‬ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪٦.................................................................................................. :‬‬
‫‪ -٢-٤‬ﻭﺻﻒ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪٦.................................................................................................. :‬‬
‫‪ -٣-٤‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪٨............................................................................................ :‬‬
‫‪ -٤-٤‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ )‪٨......................................................... :(Ground Anchors‬‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻵﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‪٩......................................................................................... :‬‬
‫‪ -١-٥‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ GGU-Retain‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻰ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪٩.................................................. :‬‬
‫‪ -٢-٥‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ GGU-Stability‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻰ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪٩..............................:‬‬
‫‪ -٣-٥‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ CSI-Col‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪٩........................................ :‬‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻭﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪١٠...................................................................................... :‬‬
‫‪ -١-٦‬ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪١٠.......................................................................................................:‬‬
‫‪ -٢-٦‬ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪١٠.................................................................................................... :‬‬
‫‪ -٣-٦‬ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪١١.............................................................................. :‬‬
‫‪ -١-٣-٦‬ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪١٢.................................................................................. :‬‬
‫‪ -٤-٦‬ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪١٢................................................................. :‬‬
‫‪ -٥-٦‬ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻟﺮﺅﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‪١٣............................................................................................ :‬‬
‫‪ -٧‬ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ‪١٤............................................................. :‬‬
‫‪ -٨‬ﺗﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ‪١٤.......................................................................................:‬‬
‫‪ -١-٨‬ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪١٥.............................................................................. :‬‬
‫‪ -٩‬ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ‪١٦........................................................................................................ :‬‬
‫‪ -١-٩‬ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ‪١٦.......................................................................................................................... :‬‬
‫‪ -٢-٩‬ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‪١٦..................................................................................................................... :‬‬
‫‪ -٣-٩‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪١٧.....................................................................................:‬‬
‫‪ -٤-٩‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‪١٨................................................................................................................... :‬‬
‫‪ -١٠‬ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻊ‪١٨................................................................................................................................. :‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘﺎﺕ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺃ(‪ :‬ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻭﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻹﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ‬
‫‪........................................................................ GGU-Retain & GGU-Stability‬ﺃ‪١-‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺏ(‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻭﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻹﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ‬
‫‪...................................................................... GGU-Retain & GGU-Stability‬ﺏ‪١-‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺝ(‪ :‬ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻠﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪...................................CSI-COL‬ﺝ‪١-‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺩ(‪ :‬ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻰ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪......................................................‬ﺩ‪١-‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻣﻘــﺪﻣــﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻢ ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﺑﻨﺎءﺍ ً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺓ ‪ /‬ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﺇﻳﺖ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﻫﻮ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﺑﺮﺝ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻄﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﺴﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻋﻤﻖ ‪ ١٧٫٦٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﺴﻤﺎﺡ ﺑﺈﻧﺸﺎء ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺑﺪﺭﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﺃﺳﻔﻞ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻗﻊ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻣﺘﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻗﻄﺮ ‪ ٦٠‬ﺳﻢ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰﻫﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ ‪ ٧٠‬ﺳﻢ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﻓﻰ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﺖ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﺟﻴﻮﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻵﻟﻰ ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻭﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻰ ﻭﻋﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺤﻨﺎء ﻭﻗﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﺙ ﺑﺼﻔﻮﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺛﺮﺓ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺎﺋﺰ )ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ( )‪ (Ground Anchors‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻭﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻟﻪ ﻭﻣﻨﺎﺳﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪:‬‬

‫ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (١‬ﻛﺮﻭﻛﻰ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎء ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﻰ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .a‬ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺛﻘﻴﻠﺔ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻢ = ‪ ٣٣٫٠٠‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﻧﻴﻮﺗﻦ‪/‬ﻡ‪،٢‬‬ ‫‪ .b‬ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ‪:‬‬
‫‪٢‬‬
‫ﻭﺣﻤﻞ ﻣﻮﺯﻉ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻩ ‪ ١٠٫٠٠‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﻧﻴﻮﺗﻦ‪/‬ﻡ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .a‬ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻰ‪ :‬ﺃﺭﺽ ﻓﻀﺎء ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﻮﺡ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺳﻨﺪ ﻟﺠﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .b‬ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻰ‪ :‬ﺃﺭﺽ ﻓﻀﺎء ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﻮﺡ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺳﻨﺪ ﻟﺠﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﺭﺽ ﻓﻀﺎء ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺗﺮﻓﻴﻬﻰ ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﻮﺡ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺳﻨﺪ ﻟﺠﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .c‬ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ -‬ﻋﻤﻖ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻠﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻜﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﻋﻤﻖ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻰ‪:‬‬
‫‪ ١٤٫٠٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ‪ -‬ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ ٤‬ﺑﺪﺭﻭﻣﺎﺕ × ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ‪ ٣٫٥٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻟﻠﺒﺪﺭﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ ً‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٢٫٠٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ‪ -‬ﺳﻤﻚ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ١٫٠٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ‪ -‬ﺳﻤﻚ ﺃﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺭﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٠٫٦٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ‪ -‬ﺿﺒﻂ ﻓﺮﻭﻕ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﻴﺐ‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ً ﻋﻤﻖ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ = ‪ ١٧٫٦٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪:‬‬

‫ﺗﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻰ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺑﺤﺎﺙ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﻨﺎ ﺑﺮﻗﻢ‬
‫‪ ٢٠٢٢/٠٩/٨٥‬ﺑﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ‪ ،٢٠٢٢‬ﻭﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (١‬ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻰ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻢ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺔ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (١‬ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺭﻗﻤﻰ )‪ (٢‬ﻭ )‪ (٣‬ﻟﻜﻮﻧﻬﻢ ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺏ ﻟﻀﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﺳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻀﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻠﻄﺮﻳﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺔ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (١‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺩ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(١‬ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻭﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻘﺔ‬ ‫)‪(m‬‬ ‫)‪(kN/m ) (kN/m3‬‬
‫ﺭﻣﻞ ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ﻣﺘﺪﺭﺝ ﻭﺑﻌﺾ ﻛﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺠﺮﺓ‬
‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫‪6.50‬‬ ‫‪37.00‬‬ ‫‪0.00‬‬ ‫‪19.00‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻼﺣﻤﺔ ﻭﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻁﻔﻠﺔ‬
‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﺣﺠﺮ ﺭﻣﻠﻰ ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ﺻﻠﺐ‬ ‫‪0.90‬‬ ‫‪30.00‬‬ ‫‪100.00‬‬ ‫‪20.00‬‬
‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﺭﻣﻞ ﻁﻔﻠﻰ ﺃﺧﻀﺮ ﻣﺘﻼﺣﻢ‬ ‫‪6.90‬‬ ‫‪32.00‬‬ ‫‪10.00‬‬ ‫‪19.00‬‬
‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﺭﻣﻞ ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ﻣﺘﺪﺭﺝ ﻭﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻁﻔﻠﺔ‬ ‫‪9.80‬‬ ‫‪38.00‬‬ ‫‪0.00‬‬ ‫‪19.00‬‬
‫ﻁﻔﻠ ﺔ ﺧﻀ ﺮﺍء ﺻ ﻠﺒﺔ ﺇﻟ ﻰ ﺷ ﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺳ ﻚ ﻭﺁﺛ ﺎﺭ ﺭﻣ ﻞ‬
‫)‪(٥‬‬ ‫‪2.20‬‬ ‫‪10.00‬‬ ‫‪100.00‬‬ ‫‪19.00‬‬
‫ﻭﻓﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻛﺎﺳﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫)‪(٦‬‬ ‫ﺭﻣﻞ ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ﻣﺘﺪﺭﺝ ﻭﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻁﻔﻠﺔ‬ ‫‪8.70‬‬ ‫‪37.00‬‬ ‫‪0.00‬‬ ‫‪19.00‬‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪ :‬ﺳﻤﻚ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻘﺔ )ﻡ(‪،‬‬ ‫‪H‬‬
‫‪ :‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ )ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ(‪،‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪ :‬ﺗﻤﺎﺳﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ )ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﻧﻴﻮﺗﻦ‪/‬ﻡ‪،(٢‬‬ ‫‪C‬‬
‫‪ :‬ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ )ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﻧﻴﻮﺗﻦ‪/‬ﻡ‪.(٣‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﺷ ـــــﺎرع‬
‫‪47.36‬‬
‫‪20.00‬‬
‫‪47.82‬‬
‫‪6.00‬‬
‫‪6.00‬‬
‫‪6.00‬‬ ‫‪35.96‬‬ ‫‪6.00‬‬
‫ﺟ ــﺎر‬
‫‪114.88‬‬
‫‪114.79‬‬
‫ﺟ ــﺎر‬
‫‪94.88‬‬
‫‪94.79‬‬
‫‪82.88‬‬
‫‪82.86‬‬
‫‪6.00‬‬
‫‪6.00‬‬
‫‪37.86‬‬
‫‪6.00‬‬
‫‪6.00‬‬
‫‪50.00‬‬
‫ﺟ ــﺎر‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(١‬ﻛﺮﻭﻛﻰ ﻋﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎء ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﻴﺐ ﻭﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -١‬ﻳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻔﻮﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻓﻘﻂ‪ ،‬ﻭﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪.(١‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃ‪ -‬ﺻﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻗﻄﺮ ‪ ٦٠‬ﺳﻢ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰﻫﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ ٧٠‬ﺳﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺻﻔﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ )‪.(Ground Anchors‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﺗﻮﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺻﻒ ﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١-٤‬ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪:‬‬

‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻰ‪:‬‬
‫= ‪ ٣١٨٫٢٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺃ‪ -‬ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬
‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ = ‪ ٣١٨٫٢٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪.‬‬
‫= ‪ ٣١٢٫٢٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺝ‪ -‬ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻨﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺩ‪ -‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺣﻔﺮ ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﺑﻌﺮﺽ ‪ ٣٫٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻭﻋﻤﻖ ‪ ٦٫٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻭﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‪.‬‬
‫= ‪ ٣١٢٫٢٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻩ‪ -‬ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‬
‫= ‪ ٣٠٠٫٦٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭ‪ -‬ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﻗﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻰ‬
‫= ‪ ١١٫٦٠ = ٣٠٠٫٦٠ - ٣١٢٫٢٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺯ‪ -‬ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺮ‬
‫ﺡ‪ -‬ﻁﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ = ‪ ١٩٫٠٠‬ﻡ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ‪ ٣١٢٫٢٠‬ﻡ ﻭﺣﺘﻰ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ‪ ٢٩٣٫٢٠‬ﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢-٤‬ﻭﺻﻒ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪:‬‬

‫ﺧﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﻘﻄﺮ ‪ ٦٠‬ﺳﻢ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰﻫﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ ‪ ٧٠‬ﺳﻢ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻰ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺻﻔﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ )‪ (Ground Anchors‬ﻭﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ .(٢‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (٣‬ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺃﻓﻘﻰ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃ‪ -‬ﺃﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻰ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﻓﺮﻕ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻩ ‪ ٦٫٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ‪ ٣٫٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﺃﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺣﻴﺔ ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﻭﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻰ ﻭﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﻫﻰ ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ ‪ ١٠٫٠٠‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ‬
‫ﻧﻴﻮﺗﻦ‪/‬ﻡ‪ ٢‬ﻭﻣﻮﺯﻋﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺮﺽ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻩ ‪ ٧٫٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺕ‪ -‬ﺃﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻰ ﻭﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ ‪ ٣٣٫٠٠‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﻧﻴﻮﺗﻦ‪/‬ﻡ‪ ٢‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺯﻉ ﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺛﻘﻴﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪3.00‬‬ ‫‪7.00‬‬ ‫‪Surcharge = 33 kPa‬‬
‫)‪(+318.20‬‬ ‫‪Surcharge = 10 kPa‬‬

‫‪Street Level‬‬
‫‪6.00‬‬
‫)‪(+312.20‬‬
‫‪1.00‬‬
‫‪4.00‬‬
‫)‪(+308.20‬‬
‫‪20°‬‬
‫‪Anc‬‬
‫‪hor‬‬ ‫‪15.0‬‬
‫‪I‬‬ ‫‪0m‬‬
‫‪11.60‬‬
‫‪4.70‬‬
‫‪19.00‬‬
‫)‪(+303.50‬‬
‫‪20°‬‬
‫‪Anc‬‬
‫‪hor‬‬ ‫‪15.0‬‬
‫‪II‬‬ ‫‪0m‬‬
‫‪2.90‬‬
‫)‪(+300.60‬‬
‫‪Bottom of Excavation Level‬‬
‫‪7.40‬‬
‫)‪(+293.20‬‬
‫‪Pile Tip Level‬‬
‫‪0.60‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٢‬ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺭﺃﺳﻰ ﻓﻰ ﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺧﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﻗﻄﺮ ‪ ٦٠‬ﺳﻢ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰﻫﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ ‪ ٧٠‬ﺳﻢ ﻣﻊ ﺻﻔﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ )‪.(Ground Anchors‬‬
‫‪D‬‬ ‫‪0.70‬‬ ‫‪0.70‬‬
‫=‬
‫‪60‬‬
‫‪cm‬‬
‫‪0.60‬‬ ‫‪0.60‬‬
‫‪0.10‬‬ ‫‪0.10‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٣‬ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺃﻓﻘﻰ ﻓﻰ ﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻗﻄﺮ ‪ ٦٠‬ﺳﻢ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰﻫﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ ‪ ٧٠‬ﺳﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣-٤‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪:‬‬

‫ﺗﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ ‪ ١٠‬ﺳﻢ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻸﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ o‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺸﺮﺏ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﻧﺔ ﺃﺳﻤﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻓﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻳﺘﺴﺒﺐ ﻓﻰ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﻘﺎء ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﺗﻬﻴﻴﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ o‬ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﻘﺬﻭﻓﺔ ‪ Shotcrete‬ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺔ ﺑﺴﻤﻚ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻳﺤﺪﺩﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺗﻬﺎﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻓﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺣﺪﻭﺛﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤-٤‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ )‪:(Ground Anchors‬‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺧﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺳﺎﻧﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺑﺒﺎﻗﻰ ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺎﺏ ﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﻮﺡ ﻓﻰ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺎﺏ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (٢‬ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺭﺃﺳﻰ ﻓﻰ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻳﻠﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃ‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻰ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻖ ‪ ٦٫٠٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻖ ‪ ٦٫٠٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻭﺣﺘﻰ ﻋﻤﻖ ‪ ١٠٫٥٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﺃﻯ ‪ ٣٠٧٫٧٠ +‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﺃﻯ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻰ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ )‪ ،(Ground Anchor I‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻛﻴﻨﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ -‬ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻰ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﻤﻖ ‪ ١٠٫٠٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﺃﻯ ﻋﻤﻖ ‪ ٤٫٠٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻛﻴﻨﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩ‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ )‪ (Ground Anchors‬ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﺎﺋﻼً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺑﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ‪ ٢٠‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻤﺘﺪ‬
‫ﻁﻮﻝ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ‪ ١٥٫٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻩ‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺑﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﺪﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻛﻞ ‪ ٣‬ﺧﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺃﻯ ﺑﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ ٢٫١٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭ‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻣﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ )ﻛﻤﺮﺍﺕ( ﺣﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﺃﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﺅﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﺤﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺭﺩ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ‪.2 Channels back to back No. 260 - 2][260‬‬
‫ﺯ‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﻤﻖ ‪ ٩٫٢٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺃﻯ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ ﻧﺼﻒ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ )‪ ،(Ground Anchor II‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻛﻴﻨﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺡ‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ )‪ (Ground Anchors‬ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺎﺋﻼً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺑﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ‪ ٢٠‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻤﺘﺪ‬
‫ﻁﻮﻝ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ‪ ١٥٫٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻁ‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻣﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ )ﻛﻤﺮﺍﺕ( ﺣﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﺃﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﺅﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﺤﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺭﺩ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ‪.2 Channels back to back No. 280 - 2][280‬‬
‫ﻱ‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﻗﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻰ ﻭﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻩ ‪ ١١٫٦٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺃﻯ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ‪ ٣٠٠٫٦٠ +‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﻙ‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﺃﺑﺤﺎﺙ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﻐﻤﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻣﻚ ﺛﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻝ‪ -‬ﻟﻦ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺪﺭﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﻤﻘﺪﺍﺭ ‪٢٫٠٠‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻵﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -١-٥‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ GGU-Retain‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻰ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻵﻟﻰ ‪ [٢] GGU-Retain‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺺ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﻮﺗﻘﻨﻰ ﻭﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻢ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺣﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻭﺭﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻢ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﻋﻤﻖ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺤﺘﻮﻯ ﻣﺨﺮﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻁﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻭﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻰ )‪ (Lateral Earth Pressure‬ﻭﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻋﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻻﻧﺤﻨﺎء ‪(Bending‬‬
‫)‪ Moment‬ﻭﻗﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ )‪ (Shear Forces‬ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭﻳﺔ )‪ (Axial Forces‬ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬
‫)‪ (Lateral Deflections‬ﻓﻰ ﺟﺴﻢ ﺣﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻓﻰ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‬
‫)‪ (Ground Anchors‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﻢ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ )‪ (Horizontal Struts‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻛﺮﻛﺎﺋﺰ ﺃﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻭﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ )‪ (Walers‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺭﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﻢ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢-٥‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ GGU-Stability‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻰ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪:‬‬

‫ﺗﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻵﻟﻰ ‪ [٣] GGU-Stability‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺤﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻥ ﻟﻼﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻛﻜﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣-٥‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ CSI-Col‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪:‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ]‪ CSI-Col [1‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻮﻯ )‪ (Ultimate Loads‬ﺫﻟﻚ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻋﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺤﻨﺎء )‪ (Bending Moments‬ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ‬
‫)‪ ،(Normal Forces‬ﻭﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺝ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻭﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪:‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺖ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻭﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻓﻘﻂ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻮﺿﺢ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻵﻟﻰ ‪ GGU-Retain‬ﻭﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﺸﻜﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺃ‪ (١-‬ﻭ )ﺃ‪ (٢-‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ‬
‫)ﺃ( ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻰ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١-٦‬ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪:‬‬
‫= ‪ ٦٠‬ﺳﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ )‪(D‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫= ‪ ٧٠‬ﺳﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ )‪(S‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫= ‪ ١٥٫٦٥‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻁﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫= ‪ ١٩٫٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪ ١٩٫٠٠  ١٨٫٧٨ = ١٫٢٠ * ١٥٫٦٥ ،‬ﻣﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻁﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻰ )‪(L‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ ١٫٢٠‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺃﻣﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﻄﻮﻝ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺴ ﺎﺣﺔ ﺣﺪﻳ ﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺴ ﻠﻴﺢ ﻟﻠﺨ ﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺴ ﺎﻧﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣ ﺪ )‪ ٣٠٫٠٣ = (As‬ﺳ ﻢ‪ ١٦١٥ = ٢‬ﻣ ﻢ ﺃﻭ ﻣ ﺎ ﻳﻌﺎﺩﻟﻬ ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟ ﻚ ﺑﻨﺴ ﺒﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﺢ = ‪ % ١٫٠٧‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﻰ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﺑﺤﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳ ﻖ ﺍﻟﺴ ﺎﻧﺪﺓ )‪ ٢٫٠٤ = (h‬ﻣ ﻢ = ‪ % ٥٫٠٠ > % ٠٫٣٤‬ﻣ ﻦ ﻗﻄ ﺮ ﺍﻟﺨ ﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺃﻯ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ ٣٠٫٠٠‬ﻣﻢ )ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﻊ ﺭﻗﻢ ]‪.(O'Neill and Reese (1999) [٤‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺟﻬﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌ ﺔ ﻋﻠ ﻰ ﻗﻄﺎﻋ ﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳ ﻖ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳ ﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﺠﻤﻴ ﻊ ﺣ ﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳ ﺔ ﺑﺎﺳ ﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜ ﻮﺩ ﺍﻷﻟﻤ ﺎﻧﻰ ]‪ DIN 1045 [5‬ﻭﺫﻟ ﻚ ﻋ ﻦ ﻁﺮﻳ ﻖ ﺑﺮﻧ ﺎﻣﺞ ]‪ GGU-Retain [2‬ﻭﻋﻠ ﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻣ ﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴ ﺰﺓ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ‪ ٢٨‬ﻳﻮﻡ ﻻ ﺗﻘﻞ ﻋ ﻦ ‪ ٢٥٠‬ﻛﺠﻢ‪/‬ﺳ ﻢ‪ ،٢‬ﻭﻁﺒﻘ ﺎ ً ﻟﻤ ﺎ ﻫ ﻮ ﻣﻮﺿ ﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼ ﻴﻞ ﻓ ﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤ ﻖ ﺭﻗ ﻢ )ﺃ( ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺘ ﺎﺋﺞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺏ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢-٦‬ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﻳﻮﺿ ﺢ ﺍﻟﺸ ﻜﻞ ﺭﻗ ﻢ )ﺃ‪ (٢-‬ﺗﺼ ﻤﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﻣ ﻞ ﻟﻠﺸ ﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿ ﻴﺔ ﻭﻛ ﺬﻟﻚ ﺣﺴ ﺎﺏ ﻟﻠﻘ ﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻤ ﺆﺛﺮﺓ ﻓﻴﻬ ﺎ ﻭﻛ ﺬﻟﻚ ﺗﺼ ﻤﻴﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ‪.‬‬
‫= ‪ ١٥٫٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻁﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ )‪(L‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻁﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻘﻮﻥ )‪ ٨٫٠٠ =(Grouted Length, Lg‬ﻣﺘﺮ ‪،‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫= ‪ ٢٫١٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫= ‪ ٢٠‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﻣﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻰ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺃ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻯ )‪:(Ground Anchor I‬‬
‫‪ o‬ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺷﺪ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺻﺐ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺃ‪.(٤-‬‬
‫‪ o‬ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺯﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘ ﺮ ﺍﻟﻄ ﻮﻟﻰ ﻓ ﻰ ﺍﻟﺸ ﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﺭﺿ ﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻠ ﻮﻯ = ‪ ٢٥٧٫٧٠‬ﻛﻴﻠ ﻮ ﻧﻴ ﻮﺗﻦ‪/‬ﻡ' =‬
‫‪ ٢٥٫٧٧‬ﻁﻦ‪/‬ﻡ'‪.‬‬
‫‪ o‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴ ﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻨﻴ ﺔ ﺑ ﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺸ ﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿ ﻴﺔ = ‪ ٢٫١٠‬ﻣﺘ ﺮ = ‪ ٠٫٧٠ * ٣‬ﻡ )ﺍﻟﻤﺴ ﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺻ ﻠﺔ ﺑ ﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ(‪.‬‬
‫‪Tel: 02 24039 216 | Fax: 02240 39 218| Mobile : 01000173730‬‬ ‫‪ 10/53‬ﻣﻮﺑﺎﻳﻞ‪ | ٠١٠٠٠١٧٣٧٣٠ :‬ﻓﺎﻛﺲ‪| ٠٢٢٤٠٣٩٢١٨ :‬ﺗﻠﻴﻔﻮﻥ‪٠٢٢٤٠٣٩٢١٦ :‬‬
‫‪ o‬ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺷﺪ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ = ‪ ٥٤٫١٢ = ٢٫١٠ * ٢٥٫٧٧‬ﻁﻦ‪.‬‬

‫‪ o‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﺋﻞ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ )‪ ٥ = (No. of Strands‬ﺟﺪﺍﺋﻞ ﻗﻄﺮ ‪ ١٥‬ﻣﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺨﺼ ﻮﺹ ﻋ ﺎﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫= ‪.2][260‬‬ ‫‪ o‬ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ )‪:(Ground Anchor II‬‬

‫‪ o‬ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺯﻉ ﻋﻠ ﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘ ﺮ ﺍﻟﻄ ﻮﻟﻰ ﻓ ﻰ ﺍﻟﺸ ﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﺭﺿ ﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ ﻔﻠﻰ = ‪ ٢٨٩٫١٠‬ﻛﻴﻠ ﻮ ﻧﻴ ﻮﺗﻦ‪/‬ﻡ' =‬
‫‪ ٢٨٫٩١‬ﻁﻦ‪/‬ﻡ'‪.‬‬
‫‪ o‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴ ﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻨﻴ ﺔ ﺑ ﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺸ ﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿ ﻴﺔ = ‪ ٢٫١٠‬ﻣﺘ ﺮ = ‪ ٠٫٧٠ * ٣‬ﻡ )ﺍﻟﻤﺴ ﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺻ ﻠﺔ ﺑ ﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ o‬ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺷﺪ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ = ‪ ٦٠٫٧١ = ٢٫١٠ * ٢٨٫٩١‬ﻁﻦ‪.‬‬
‫‪ o‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﺋﻞ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ )‪ ٥ = (No. of Strands‬ﺟﺪﺍﺋﻞ ﻗﻄﺮ ‪ ١٥‬ﻣﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺨﺼ ﻮﺹ ﻋ ﺎﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫= ‪.2][280‬‬ ‫‪ o‬ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ -٣-٦‬ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪:‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (٢‬ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴ ﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴ ﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺑ ﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰﻫ ﺎ ﻭﺃﻁ ﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳ ﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑ ﺔ ﻭﻣﺴ ﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺣﺪﻳ ﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺴ ﻠﻴﺢ ﻭﻋ ﺪﺩ ﺍﻷﺳ ﻴﺎﺥ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑ ﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺸ ﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴ ﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌ ﺔ ﻟﺼ ﻔﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳ ﻖ ﺍﻟﺴ ﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻭﺫﻟ ﻚ ﺑﺎﺳ ﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (٣‬ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﻗ ﻴﻢ ﻟﻌ ﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺤﻨ ﺎء ﻭﻗ ﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻘ ﺺ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳ ﻖ ﺍﻟﺴ ﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻭﻛ ﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻘ ﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺼ ﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻌ ﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺤﻨ ﺎء ﻭﻗ ﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻘ ﺺ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٢‬ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪h‬‬ ‫‪As‬‬ ‫‪L‬‬ ‫‪S‬‬ ‫‪D‬‬
‫‪As/Pile‬‬ ‫‪Levels‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ‬
‫)‪(mm‬‬ ‫)‪(cm2‬‬ ‫)‪(m‬‬ ‫)‪(cm‬‬ ‫)‪(cm‬‬
‫‪2.40‬‬ ‫‪1516‬‬ ‫‪28.30‬‬ ‫‪- 6.00 to - 25.00 19.0‬‬ ‫‪70.0‬‬ ‫‪60.0‬‬ ‫)ﺃ‪(١-‬‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪ : D‬ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ )‪) (Pile Diameter‬ﺳﻢ(‪،‬‬
‫‪ : S‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ )‪) (Pile Center to Center Spacing‬ﺳﻢ(‪،‬‬
‫‪ : L‬ﻁﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ )‪) (Total Pile Length‬ﻡ(‪،‬‬
‫‪ : As‬ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ )‪ (Area Steel‬ﻟﻠﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ )ﺳﻢ‪،(٢‬‬
‫‪ : As‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﺃﺳﻴﺎﺥ ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻟﻠﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ‪،‬‬
‫‪ : h‬ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﺃﻓﻘﻰ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﻟﺮﺅﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ )ﻣﻢ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٣‬ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺗﻮﺿﺢ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﻗﻴﻢ ﻟﻌﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺤﻨﺎء ﻭﻗﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺤﻨﺎء ﻭﻗﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪Ndesign‬‬ ‫‪Qdesign‬‬ ‫‪Mdesign‬‬ ‫‪Nmax‬‬ ‫‪Qmax‬‬ ‫‪Mmax‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ‬
‫)‪(t‬‬ ‫)‪(t‬‬ ‫)‪(m.t‬‬ ‫)'‪(t/m‬‬ ‫)'‪(t/m‬‬ ‫)'‪(m.t/m‬‬
‫‪4.86‬‬ ‫‪9.95‬‬ ‫‪10.02‬‬ ‫‪52.11‬‬ ‫‪14.22‬‬ ‫‪14.31‬‬ ‫)ﺃ‪(١-‬‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪ :‬ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﻋﺰﻡ ﺍﻧﺤﻨﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ )ﻁﻦ‪.‬ﻡ‪/‬ﻡ'(‪،‬‬ ‫‪Mmax‬‬
‫‪ :‬ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﻗﻮﻯ ﻗﺺ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ )ﻁﻦ‪/‬ﻡ'(‪،‬‬ ‫‪Qmax‬‬
‫‪ :‬ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﻗﻮﻯ ﺭﺃﺳﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ )ﻁﻦ‪/‬ﻡ'(‪،‬‬ ‫‪Nmax‬‬
‫‪ :‬ﻋﺰﻡ ﺍﻻﻧﺤﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻰ ﻟﻠﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ )ﻁﻦ‪.‬ﻡ(‪،‬‬ ‫‪Mdesign‬‬
‫‪ :‬ﻗﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ )ﻁﻦ(‪،‬‬ ‫‪Qdesign‬‬
‫‪ :‬ﻗﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ )ﻁﻦ(‪.‬‬ ‫‪Ndesign‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (B‬ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ GGU-Retain‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻰ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﻧﺼﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١-٣-٦‬ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٤‬ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫‪٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ ﺻﻔﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‬

‫‪١٥٫٠٠‬‬ ‫‪١٥٫٠٠‬‬ ‫ﻁﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ )ﻣﺘﺮ(‬
‫‪٨٫٠٠‬‬ ‫‪٨٫٠٠‬‬ ‫ﻁﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻘﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ )ﻡ(‬
‫‪٢٠٫٠٠‬‬ ‫‪٢٠٫٠٠‬‬ ‫ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﻣﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻰ )‪(o‬‬
‫‪٣٠٣٫٥٠‬‬ ‫‪٣٠٨٫٢٠‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ )ﻡ(‬
‫‪٢٫١٠‬‬ ‫‪٢٫١٠‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ )ﻡ(‬
‫‪٦٠٫٧١‬‬ ‫‪٥٤٫١٢‬‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺷﺪ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ )ﻁﻦ(‬
‫‪٥‬‬ ‫‪٥‬‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﺋﻞ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ‬
‫‪No. 280 ][ ٢‬‬ ‫‪No. 260 ][ ٢‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺩ )‪ (Waler‬ﻟﻠﺸﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫‪0.6" Diameter, 12.5 ton Each‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺮ ﻭﻗﺪﺭﺓ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ‬
‫‪ -٤-٦‬ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﺗﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ]‪ CSI-Col [1‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻰ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻠﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻮﻯ‬
‫)‪ (Ultimate Loads‬ﺫﻟﻚ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﻋﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻻﻧﺤﻨﺎء ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﺎﻋﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﺤﺔ ﺑﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪.(٣‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﻋﺰﻡ ﺇﻧﺤﻨﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ )‪ ١٥٫٠٣ = ١٫٥٠ × ١٠٫٠٢ = (Mu‬ﻁﻦ‪.‬ﻡ = ‪ ١٥٠٫٣٠‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﻧﻴﻮﺗﻦ‪.‬ﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪ o‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻋﺰﻡ ﺍﻷﻧﺤﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻠﻰ )‪ ١٠٫٠٢ = M (Service Moment‬ﻁﻦ‪.‬ﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ١٫٥٠ o‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻸﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻮﻯ )‪.(Ultimate Loads‬‬
‫ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺣﻤﻞ ﺭﺃﺳﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ )‪ ٧٫٢٩ = ١٫٥٠ × ٤٫٨٦ = (Pu‬ﻁﻦ = ‪ ٧٢٫٩٠‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﻧﻴﻮﺗﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪ o‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺳﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻠﻰ )‪ ٤٫٨٦ = P (Service Axial Load‬ﻁﻦ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ١٫٥٠ o‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻸﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻮﻯ )‪.(Ultimate Loads‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻅﻬﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺃﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻠﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌ ﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ]‪ CSI-Col [1‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺑﻠﻐ ﺖ ﻧﺴ ﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴ ﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ = ‪ %٥٧٫٠٠‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﺨ ﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﻗﻄ ﺮ ‪ ٦٠‬ﺳ ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫ ﻰ ﺁﻣﻨ ﺔ ﻁﺎﻟﻤ ﺎ ﻛﺎﻧ ﺖ ﺃﻗ ﻞ ﻣ ﻦ ‪ ،%١٠٠٫٠٠‬ﻭﻛﻤ ﺎ ﻫ ﻮ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻰ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -٥-٦‬ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻟﺮﺅﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‪:‬‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﻤﺮﺓ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻟﺮﺅﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃ‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺅﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ = ‪ ٦٠‬ﺳﻢ = ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ -‬ﺳﻤﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ = ‪ ١٠٠‬ﺳﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩ‪ -‬ﺗﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ = ‪ ١٨٧‬ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ‪.‬‬
‫ﻩ‪ -‬ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻣﻮﺿﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭ‪ -‬ﺗ ﺄﺗﻰ ﺃﻫﻤﻴ ﺔ ﺟﺴ ﺎءﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻤ ﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄ ﺔ ﻟ ﺮﺅﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳ ﻖ ﻟﻜﻮﻧﻬ ﺎ ﺗﻌﻤ ﻞ ﻛ ﺮﺍﺑﻂ ﺇﻧﺸ ﺎﺋﻰ ﺑ ﻴﻦ ﺭﺅﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳ ﻖ ﺍﻟﺴ ﺎﻧﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻜﻰ ﻳﺴﻠﻚ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺳﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٧‬ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ‪:‬‬

‫ﺃﻅﻬﺮﺕ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ]‪ GGU-Stability [2‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺺ ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺃ‪ (٣-‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺃ( ﺃﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﻢ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﻫﻰ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٥‬ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻥ ﻟﻼﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ‬
‫‪١٫٥٠ < ٢٫٠٤٩‬‬ ‫)ﺃ‪(٣-‬‬
‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ ﺁﻣﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻻﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ )‪ (Overall Stability‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻥ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﻤﺖ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻬﻤﺎ ﻋﻦ ‪ ١٫٥٠‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻱ ﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ –‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ – ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ]‪ .[٦‬ﻭﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺏ( ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬
‫ﻓﻰ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﻧﺼﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٨‬ﺗﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ‪:‬‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ ﻟﺴﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻰ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻰ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﻓﻰ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (٢‬ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃ‪ -‬ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ‪ ٦٫٠٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ )ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩ ﻟﻠﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺑﻤﻘﺪﺍﺭ ‪ ١٩٫٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩ ﻟﻠﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺑﻤﻘﺪﺍﺭ ‪ ٦٠‬ﺳﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺑﻤﻘﺪﺍﺭ ‪ ٧٠‬ﺳﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻩ‪ -‬ﻁﻮﻝ ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻭﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻩ ‪ ١٩٫٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﺛﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻟﺮﺅﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﻻ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺇﻻ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﻭﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ ‪ ٢٨‬ﻳﻮﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻖ ‪ ٦٫٠٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻋﻤﻖ ‪ ١٠٫٥٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﺃﻯ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻞ ﺑﻤﻘﺪﺍﺭ‬
‫‪ ٠٫٥٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻰ )‪ (Ground Anchor‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻖ ‪ ٤٫٠٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻖ ﺑﻨﺎءﺍ ً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻛﻴﻨﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ )‪ (Ground Anchor‬ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻯ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺑﻄﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻰ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ‬
‫ﺳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﺪ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪.(٢-٦‬‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ )‪ (Walers‬ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺭﻗﻢ )‪.(٢-٦‬‬
‫‪ -٧‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻋﻤﻖ ‪ ١٥٫٢٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺃﻯ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻞ ﺑﻤﻘﺪﺍﺭ ‪ ٠٫٥٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻰ )‪ (Ground Anchor‬ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻖ ‪ ٨٫٧٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻖ ﺑﻨﺎءﺍ ً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻛﻴﻨﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٨‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ )‪ (Ground Anchor‬ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻄﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻰ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬
‫ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﺪ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪.(٢-٦‬‬
‫‪ -٩‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻝ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﻗﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻰ )ﺃﻯ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ‪ ١٧٫٦٠ -‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ( ﺛﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻰ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٠‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻻ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻙ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﻋﻤﻖ ﻟﻠﺤﻔﺮ ﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﻁﻮﻳﻠﺔ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻰ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻓﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻰ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺣﺮﺟﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١-٨‬ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪:‬‬

‫ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺇﻧﺰﺍﻝ ﻗﻔﺺ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻄﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﻟﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ ﻁﻮﻟﻪ ﻣ ﻊ ﻋ ﺪﻡ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴ ﺔ ﺇﻧﺰﺍﻟ ﻪ ﻛ ﺎﻣﻼً ﺑ ﺄﻯ‬
‫ﺻﻮﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻠﺘﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻝ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﺪء ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻣﺮﺍﻋ ﺎﺓ ﺃﻧ ﻪ ﻳ ﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴ ﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳ ﻖ ﺍﻟﺴ ﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻓ ﻰ ﺭﻣ ﻞ ﺟ ﺎﻑ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘ ﺎﻟﻰ ﺗﺼ ﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻄ ﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳ ﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘ ﻰ ﺗﺤﻘ ﻖ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣ ﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻚ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎء ﻣﻦ ﺇﻧﺰﺍﻝ ﻗﻔﺺ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻟﺮﺃﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺭﺃﺳﻴﺔ ﻗﻔﺺ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺇﻧﺰﺍﻟﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﻳﺠ ﺐ ﻋﻠ ﻰ ﺍﻟﺸ ﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔ ﺬﺓ ﻟﻠﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳ ﻖ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻠ ﻢ ﺑﻮﺟ ﻮﺩ ﻁﺒﻘ ﺎﺕ ﻣ ﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺠ ﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻠ ﻰ ﻭﻛ ﺬﻟﻚ ﻣ ﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻣ ﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻼﺣﻤ ﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﺧﺬ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻰ ﻧﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻛﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٩‬ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -١-٩‬ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻢ ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﺑﻨﺎءﺍ ً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺓ ‪ /‬ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﺇﻳﺖ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﻫﻮ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﺑﺮﺝ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻄﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺮﻛﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﺴﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻋﻤﻖ ‪١٧٫٦٠ -‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻗﻊ )ﺃﻯ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ( ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﺴﻤﺎﺡ ﺑﺈﻧﺸﺎء ‪) ٤‬ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ( ﺑﺪﺭﻭﻣﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺷﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺃﺭﺿﻴﺔ )‪ (Ground Anchors‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻛﺮﻛﻴﺰﺓ )ﺩﻋﺎﻣﺔ( ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺄ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻣﺘﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻗﻄﺮ ‪ ٦٠‬ﺳﻢ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰﻫﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ ‪ ٧٠‬ﺳﻢ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ ٢‬ﺻﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﻓﻰ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ‬
‫ﺗﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﺟﻴﻮﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻵﻟﻰ ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻭﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻭﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻰ ﻭﻋﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺤﻨﺎء ﻭﻗﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﺙ ﺑﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫ﻗﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻟﺪﺓ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻤﺖ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢-٩‬ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﻨﺎءﺍ ً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (٢‬ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﻟﺨﻮﺍﺹ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻭﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰﻫﺎ ﻭﺃﻁﻮﺍﻟﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﻨﺎﺳﻴﺐ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﻭﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻭﻋﺪﺩ‬
‫ﺃﺳﻴﺎﺥ ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻟﻠﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺗﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺃﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (٣‬ﻗﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻋﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺤﻨﺎء ﻭﻗﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺛﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻰ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺃﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻵﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫= ‪ ٦٠‬ﺳﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺮ ﺧﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ )‪(D‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫= ‪ ٧٠‬ﺳﻢ ﻟﻠﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ )‪(S‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺃﻁﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ )‪ ١٩٫٠٠ = (L‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ‪ ٦٫٠٠ -‬ﻣﺘ ﺮ ﻭﺣﺘ ﻰ ﻣﻨﺴ ﻮﺏ ‪ ٢٥٫٠٠ -‬ﻣﺘ ﺮ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻭﺑﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪.(٣‬‬
‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺻﻔﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﻓﻰ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪.(٤‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺑﺎﻗﻰ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻟﻠﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻣﻮﺿﺤﺔ ﺑﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (٣‬ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﺑﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻁﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﻓﻰ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻐﻄﺎء ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ ‪ ٥‬ﺳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﻳﻌﻠﻮ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻛﻤﺮﺓ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺅﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻭﺇﻅﻬﺎﺭ ﺣﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﻟﺼﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ = ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ = ‪ ٦٠‬ﺳﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫= ‪ ١٠٠‬ﺳﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻖ )ﺳﻤﻚ( ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻯ = ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ = ‪،١٨٢‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫= ‪ ،١٨٥‬ﻭﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺎ ﻫ ﻮ ﻣﻮﺿ ﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼ ﻴﻞ ﻓ ﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣ ﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘ ﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻰ ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻰ ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻰ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﺃﻅﻬﺮﺕ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺁﻣﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﻭﻋﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺤﻨﺎء‬
‫ﻭﺇﺟﻬﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﻭﺍﻹﺟﻬﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﺃﻅﻬﺮﺕ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻁﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻟﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﺗﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﺨﻔﻴﺾ ﻗﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺳ ﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻓ ﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳ ﻖ ﺍﻟﺴ ﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻁﺒﻘ ﺎ ً ﻟﻤ ﺎ ﻫ ﻮ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﻓﻰ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪.(٤‬‬
‫‪ -٧‬ﺃﻅﻬﺮﺕ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ً ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ ﻟﺴﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺁﻣﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻹﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ‪(Overall‬‬
‫)‪ ،Stability‬ﻭﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﺪ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ ،(٧‬ﻭﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻯ ﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻭﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ‪ -‬ﺇﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻮﻝ ]‪.[٥‬‬
‫‪ -٨‬ﺃﻅﻬﺮﺕ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﺃﻓﻘﻰ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﻟﻠﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﺁﻣﻦ ﻭﻳﻘﻞ ﺑﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮﺡ ﺑﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ ‪ %٥٫٠٠‬ﻣﻦ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ )‪.(Ground Anchors‬‬
‫‪ -٣-٩‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -١‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻭﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ )ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ( ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻭﻟﻬﺎ ﺧﺒﺮﺓ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻭﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺘﻬﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻠﺘﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺬﺓ ﺑﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ )‪ (Method Statement‬ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺒﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﺪ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (١-٨‬ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﺭﺃﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺰﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻟﻘﻔﺺ ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﺑﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺬﺓ ﻟﻠﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻠﻰ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻼﺣﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﺧﺬ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻰ ﻧﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻛﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤-٩‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ ﺑﺘﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﺪ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (٨‬ﺑﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﺪ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(١-٨‬‬
‫ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺬﺓ ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻠﺒﻴﺶ ﺑﻤﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﻤﻨﺖ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺸﻮﻓﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺘﺸﺒﻊ ﺑﻤﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﻤﻨﺖ‬
‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺘﻢ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﺠﻨﺐ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﺗﺴﺮﻳﺐ ﻟﺤﺒﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻠﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻁﺒﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺬﻭﻓﺔ ‪ Shotcrete‬ﺑﺴﻤﻚ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ ‪ ١٠‬ﺳﻢ‬
‫ﻭﺑﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﺢ ‪ ١٠٦‬ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺮ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻫﻴﻦ ﻟﺘﻔﺎﺩﻯ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺗﺴﺮﻳﺐ ﺣﺒﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﺳﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺒﻴﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺇﻳﻘﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻮﺭﺍ ً ﻋﻨﺪ ﻅﻬﻮﺭ ﺃﻯ ﻅﻮﺍﻫﺮ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺷﺮﻭﺥ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻴﻮﻝ ﻓﻰ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٠‬ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻊ‪:‬‬
‫‪[1]- CSI-COLUMN (2020), "Software for Analysis and Design of Reinforced and Composite‬‬
‫‪Columns", Computers and Structures, Inc., Ver. 10.01.‬‬
‫‪[2]- GGU-Retain, Version 4.42, (2007), GGU-Software, Germany.‬‬
‫‪[3]- GGU-Stability, Version 8.08, (2007), GGU-Software, Germany.‬‬
‫‪[4]- O'Neill, M.W., and Reese, L.C., (2000), "Drilled Shafts: Construction Procedures and‬‬
‫‪Design Methods", Report No. FHWA-IF-99-025, Federal Highway‬‬
‫‪Administration, Washington, D.C.‬‬
‫‪[5]- DIN 1045, (2001), "Concrete, Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Structures – Part 1:‬‬
‫‪Design and Construction", German Design Code.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻯ ﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻭﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻭﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ – ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ – ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ – ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ – ‪[6]-‬‬
‫ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪.٢٠٠١‬‬
‫ﻭﷲ ﻭﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ‪،‬‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺃ‪.‬ﺩ‪ / .‬ﻁﺎﺭﻕ ﻧﺠﻴﺐ ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ‬
‫‪Consultant and Professor of Geotechnical Engineering‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻯ ﻭﺃﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ ‪ -‬ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﺔ ‪ -‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻗﺎﺯﻳﻖ‬
‫)‪Appendix (A‬‬ ‫‪GGU-Stability Output Results‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺃ(‬

‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪GGU-Retain‬‬
‫ﺧﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺳﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻗﻄﺮ ‪ ٦٠‬ﺳﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ ‪ ٧٠‬ﺳﻢ‬
‫‪19/53‬‬
‫‪A‐1/5‬‬
Appendix (A) GGU-Stability Output Results
Eight-Mall, Plot No. 29 Passive ep according to: DIN 4085 zul  (Gurtung) = 10.50 k N/c m² Sum V > 0 (met)/ = 7.06 Bored pile wall
Bored pile wall Section length of 19.00 m fixed and determine degree of fixity zul  V (Gurtung) = 19.80 k N/c m² File: Eight-Mall-Plot-29.v rb
Calc ulation basis :  (pas siv e) = 1.50 Ankers tähle: Faktor (ak tiv/Ruhe) = 0.00 Date: 2/25/2023 0.60 m
No ep redistribution Ankerabs tand a = 2.10 m Gurtbemess ung: G leic hlast [M=q*a²/10] Time: 5:28:23 PM
320 Ac tive ep acc ording to: DIN 4085 zul  (Gurtung) = 18.00 kN/cm² Embedment depth = 2.52 m Required length = 14.12 m
0.70 m
p v,q =10.0 pq=33.0
Soil Depth  '  c   

Designation
ac t/pas [m] [kN/m³] [k N/m³] [°] [kN/m²] activ e passive
311.80 19.0/19.0 9.0/9.0 37.0/37.0 0.0/0.0 0.667 -0.667 SAND, Some Cemented Sand
310.90 20.0/20.0 10.0/10.0 30.0/30.0 100.0/100.0 0.667 -0.667 SANDSTONE, Fragments
303.80 19.0/19.0 9.0/9.0 32.0/32.0 10.0/10.0 0.667 -0.667 SAND: Silty, Cemented
6.00
294.00 19.0/19.0 9.0/9.0 38.0/38.0 0.0/0.0 0.667 -0.667 SAND: Very Dense, Trace of Silt
315 291.80 19.0/19.0 9.0/9.0 10.0/10.0 100.0/100.0 0.667 -0.667 SHALE: Very Stiff
<291.80 19.0/19.0 9.0/9.0 37.0/37.0 0.0/0.0 0.667 -0.667 SAND: Very Dense, Trace of Silt
3.00 7.00 Wall crown = 312.20 m
312.20
2.3 -2.5
-2 .4 311.80 (1)
310.90 (2)
2.3/29 .3
4.00
310
-143.1 137.3 -104.9 -6 9.4 -15 7.5

4.70
45.6
305
303.80 (3)
61.0/70 .3
-92.0 137.3 -134.2 -29 8.4 -397.2
66.6
2.90
68.7 5 3.4
300.60
72.2
300 -73.5 -521.1
-48.0
-3.6 1 42.2 -430.2 0.0
M [kN*m/m ] Q [kN/m] N [kN/m] w [mm]

EI = 2 .726E+5 kN*m²/m
295
Design values: Concrete: B 35 Redu ction of interna l forces = 0.000 Diameter (steel) = 0.570 m b0 = 0.520 m; z = 0.390 m
294.00 (4)
-978.6/-149.9 Verification Bored pile wall Steel: BSt 420/500 M (Design) = 100.16 kN*m Req. µ = 1.070 % tau0 = 491.0 kN/m²
E = 3000.00 kN/cm² betar (Concrete) = 23.00 MN/m² N (Design) = -48.58 kN req. As = 30.3 cm² Shear area 1
-156.4 I = 908817.87 cm 4/m betas (Steel) = 420.00 MN/m² Pile centres = 0.700 m Shear design: erf as(tau) = 4.3 cm²/m
Design to DIN 1045 17.2.1, Para. (6) req. gamma = 1.750 Pile diameter = 0.600 m Q (Design) = 99.51 kN
eph/ea h [kN/m ²] 291.80 (5)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
،‫ ﺳﻢ‬٦٠ = D ‫ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻰ ﻭﻋﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺤﻨﺎء ﻭﻗﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻗﻄﺮ‬:(١-‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺃ‬
.‫ ﺳﻢ‬٧٠ = S ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‬
20/53
A‐2/5
Bored pile w all Eight-Mall, Plot No. 29  (passive) = 1.50 Embedment depth = 2.52 m Required length = 14.12 m
Bored pile wall Ankerabstand a = 2.10 m Sum V > 0 (met)/ = 7.06
0.60 m Calculation basis: zul  (Gurtung) = 18.00 kN/cm² File: Eight-Mall-Plot-29-A.vrb
No ep redistribution zul  (Gurtung) = 10.50 kN/cm² Date: 2/25/2023
0 .70 m Active ep according to: DIN 4085 zul V (Gurtung) = 19.80 kN/cm² Time: 5:27:42 PM
Passive ep according to: DIN 4085 Ankerstähle: Faktor (aktiv/Ruhe) = 0.00
Section length of 19.00 m fixed and determine degree of fixity Gurtbemessung: Gleichlast [M=q*a²/10]
320
pv,q =10.0 pq =33.0
6.00
315
3.00 7.00
312.20
311.80 (1)
310.90 (2)
4.00
310
308.2 0
][ 260, M = 113.6 kN*m; Q = 270.6 kN
sig = 15.3 kN/cm², W = 742.0 cm³
tau = 6.2 kN/cm², sig(v) = 18 .7 kN/cm²
4.70
305
303.5 0 303.80 (3)
][ 280, M = 127.5 kN*m; Q = 303.6 kN Anchor 1 (15.00 m, 20.0°) (257.7 kN/m) (eta = 2 .94)
sig = 14.2 kN/cm², W = 896.0 cm³
2.90
St 15 70/1770 5 Strands 0.6''; lp = 7.00 m

tau = 6.4 kN/cm², sig(v) = 18 .1 kN/cm²
300.60
300
Anchor 2 (15.00 m, 20.0°) (289.1 kN/m) (eta = 3 .59)

St 15 70/1770 5 Strands 0.6''; lp = 7.00 m
295 Design values: Concrete: B 35 Reduction of internal forces = 0.000 Diameter (steel) = 0.022 m b0 = 0.560 m; z = 0.205 m
Verification Bored pile wall Steel: BSt 420/500 M (Design) = 100.16 kN*m Req. µ = 1.070 % tau0 = 865.5 kN/m² 294.00 (4)
E = 3000.00 kN/cm² betar (Concrete) = 23.00 MN/m² N (Design) = -48.58 kN req. As = 30.3 cm² Shear area 1
I = 908817.87 cm4 /m betas (Steel) = 420.00 MN/m² Pile centres = 0.700 m Shear design: erf as(tau) = 8.1 cm²/m
Design to DIN 1045 17.2.1, Para. (6) req. gamma = 1.848 Pile diameter = 0.600 m Q (Design) = 99.47 kN 291.80 (5)
-10 0 10 20 30
،‫ ﻣﺘﺮ‬١٥٫٠٠ ‫ ﻁﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ‬،(Walers) ‫( ﻭﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ‬Ground Anchors) ‫ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻭﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‬:(٢-‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺃ‬
.2][280 ‫ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻴﺔ‬2][260 ‫ ﻭﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ‬o٢٠- = ‫ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﻣﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻰ‬،‫ ﻣﺘﺮ‬٢٫١٠ = ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ‬
21/53
A‐3/5
‫)‪Appendix (A‬‬ ‫‪GGU-Stability Output Results‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺃ(‬

‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪GGU-Stability‬‬
‫ﺧﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺳﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻗﻄﺮ ‪ ٦٠‬ﺳﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ ‪ ٧٠‬ﺳﻢ‬
‫‪22/53‬‬
‫‪A‐4/5‬‬
325 0
2 .2
45.90 3.00 7.00 35.90
2.602.80
2. 4 0
42.90
3. 00
320
pv = 10.00 pv = 33.00
3 .2
0
1
6 .7
2.049
6.00
315
0 .70
0
0 .90
2 .4
310
0
2.6
6.80
Eight-Mall, Plot No. 29
11.60
3 .4 3 . 3 .0 0
Overall Stability Analysis
2. 8
3 .6 0 2 0 0
305 282 centre-points defined.

45.90 6163 slip circles were investigated.
0
3.20
DIN 4084 (old)

min = 2.049
300 xm = -0.58 m
ym = 314.69 m
6.60
R = 22.72 m
File: Eight-Mall-Plot-29.boe
295
 c 
Soil Designation
2.20
[°] [kN/m²] [kN/m³]

37.00 0.00 19.00 SAND, Some Cemented Sand
30.00 100.00 20.00 SANDSTONE, Fragments
290 32.00 10.00 19.00 SAND: Silty, Cemented
38.00 0.00 19.00 SAND: Very Dense, Trace of Sil
10.00 100.00 19.00 SHALE: Very Stiff
37.00 0.00 19.00 SAND: Very Dense, Trace of Sil
1.79
285
-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40
،‫ ﺳﻢ‬٧٠ = S ‫ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‬،‫ ﺳﻢ‬٦٠ = D ‫ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻗﻄﺮ‬- ‫ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﻠﻰ ﻟﻧﻅﺎﻡ ﺳﻧﺩ ﺟﻭﺍﻧﺏ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‬:(١١-‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺃ‬
.٢٫٠٤٩ = ‫ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻥ ﻟﻼﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ‬- ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‬
23/53
A‐5/5
‫)‪Appendix (B‬‬ ‫‪GGU-Retain Output Results‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺏ(‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪GGU-Retain‬‬
‫‪24/53‬‬
‫‪B-1/16‬‬
Appendix (B) GGU-Retain Output Results
1- GGU-RETAIN Tabulated Output Results:

Global safety factor concept (DIN 1054 old)
Bored Pile Wall
File: Eight-Mall-Plot-29.vrb
Date: 2/25/2023
Time: 11:22:23 PM
Wall crown = 312.20 m
Max. subdivisions to excavation base: 0.100

Max. subdivisions below excavation base: 0.100
Excavation level = 300.60 m

Groundwater level (right) = 280.01 m
Groundwater level (left) = 280.01 m
Water pressure set to '0.0' if directed to earth side.
Berms on the active side

No. x1 x2 dh a x y Surcharge Live
[-] [m] [m] [m] [m] [m] [m] [kN/m²] [-]
1 0.00 3.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 1.07 0.00 No
Distributed load p = 0.00 kN/m²
Area loads
Active earth pressure for area loads was used
No. sig(v) sig(h) x(left) x(right) Depth
[-] [kN/m²] [kN/m²] [m] [m] [m]
1 10.00 0.00 3.00 10.00 318.20
Load ordinates area loads (active compon.)
No. y(top) y(centre) y(bottom) p(top) p(centre) p(bottom) Type
[-] [m] [m] [m] [kN/m²] [kN/m²] [kN/m²]
1 312.20 312.20 302.43 2.34 2.34 2.34 0 Live load
25/53
B-2/16
Type = 0 ==> rectangular distribution
Type = 1 ==> triangular distribution (max. central)
Type = 2 ==> triangular distribution (max. at top)
Type = 3 ==> trapezoid (top/bottom = 3:1)
Bounded surcharges
No. sigma x(left) Depth y(top) y(bottom) Live load
[-] [kN/m²] [m] [m] [m] [m] [-]
1 33.00 10.00 318.20 310.66 301.54 Yes
No ep redistribution
Area loads not redistributed
Type of toe support:

Section length of 19.00 m fixed and determine degree of fixity
Einspanngrad = 100.0 %
Anchors and struts

No. y Angle Length Normal force EA EI
[-] [m] [°] [m] [kN/m] [kN/m] [kN*m²/m]
1 308.20 20.00 11.50 257.70 2.100E+7 - Anchor
2 303.50 20.00 11.50 288.90 2.100E+7 - Anchor
Anchor steel verification

Anchor centres = 2.10 m
Factor (0 = active; 1 = at-rest) = 0.000
Verify with: St 1570/1770 5 Strands 0.6''
Allow. A = 628.0 kN
Anchor no.
1 Work. A = 541.2 kN < 628.0 kN
2 Work. A = 606.7 kN < 628.0 kN
Bending verification of waling:

Moment due to: Uniform load [M=q*a²/10]
26/53
B-3/16
Waling parallel with anchor
a = 2.10 m Allow. sigma = 18.00 kN/m²
No. Waling q [kN/m] M [kN*m] W [cm³] sig [kN/cm²]
1 ][ 260 257.7 113.6 742.0 15.3
2 ][ 280 288.9 127.4 896.0 14.2
Shear verification of waling:

Allow. tau = 10.50 kN/m²
Allow. sigma(v) = 19.80 kN/m²
No. | Waling Q [kN] S/s/I [1/cm²] tau [kN/cm²] sigma(v) [kN/cm²]
1 ][ 260 270.6 0.022925 6.2 18.7
2 ][ 280 303.3 0.021178 6.4 18.1
Soil properties
Layer Base gam gam' phi c d(a)/phi d(p)/phi
act/pas [m] [kN/m³] [kN/m³] [°] [kN/m²] [-] [-]
1 311.80 19.00/19.00 9.00/ 9.00 37.00/37.00 0.00/ 0.00 0.667 -
2 310.90 20.00/20.00 10.00/10.00 30.00/30.00 100.00/100.00 0.667 -
3 303.80 19.00/19.00 9.00/ 9.00 32.00/32.00 10.00/10.00 0.667 -
4 294.00 19.00/19.00 9.00/ 9.00 38.00/38.00 0.00/ 0.00 0.667 -0.667
5 291.80 19.00/19.00 9.00/ 9.00 10.00/10.00 100.00/100.00 0.667 -0.667
6 280.00 19.00/19.00 9.00/ 9.00 37.00/37.00 0.00/ 0.00 0.667 -0.667
Active ep coefficient
determined after: DIN 4085
Layer Base kagh kach phi delta tetta
[-] [m] [-] [-] [°] [°] [°]
1 311.80 0.205 0.772 37.000 24.68 60.12
2 310.90 0.279 0.921 30.000 20.01 55.98
3 303.80 0.256 0.877 32.000 21.34 57.17
4 294.00 0.196 0.752 38.000 25.35 60.71
5 291.80 0.647 1.520 10.000 6.67 43.94
6 280.00 0.205 0.772 37.000 24.68 60.12
Active ep ordinates
27/53
B-4/16
from to top bottom water pressure
[m] [m] [kN/m²] [kN/m²] [kN/m²]
312.200 311.800 0.001 10.286 0.00 0.00
311.800 311.172 0.000 0.000 0.00 0.00
311.172 311.129 0.000 0.000 0.00 0.00
311.129 310.900 0.000 0.000 0.00 0.00
310.900 310.664 26.994 28.140 0.00 0.00
310.664 310.172 28.140 30.996 0.00 0.00
310.172 309.186 30.996 36.707 0.00 0.00
309.186 308.200 36.707 42.418 0.00 0.00
308.200 307.100 42.418 48.790 0.00 0.00
307.100 306.100 48.790 54.584 0.00 0.00
306.100 305.100 54.584 60.377 0.00 0.00
305.100 304.100 60.377 66.170 0.00 0.00
304.100 303.800 66.170 67.908 0.00 0.00
303.800 303.500 58.645 59.974 0.00 0.00
303.500 303.112 59.974 61.694 0.00 0.00
303.112 302.432 61.694 64.705 0.00 0.00
302.432 302.135 64.705 66.023 0.00 0.00
302.135 301.540 66.023 68.660 0.00 0.00
301.540 301.122 68.660 70.215 0.00 0.00
301.122 300.600 70.215 72.158 0.00 0.00
300.600 300.100 72.158 74.020 0.00 0.00
300.100 299.100 74.020 77.742 0.00 0.00
299.100 298.500 77.742 79.976 0.00 0.00
298.500 294.000 79.976 96.727 0.00 0.00
294.000 291.800 167.605 194.667 0.00 0.00
291.800 280.010 109.818 155.757 0.00 0.00
280.010 280.000 155.757 155.775 0.00 0.00
Passive ep coefficient.
determined after: DIN 4085
FOS coefficient passive ep = 1.50
Layer Base kpgh kpch phi delta
[-] [m] [-] [-] [°] [°]
28/53
B-5/16
4 294.00 12.863 13.403 38.000 -25.35
5 291.80 1.610 2.743 10.000 -6.67
6 280.00 11.410 12.125 37.000 -24.68
Passive ep ordinates for eta(p) = 1.50

from to top bottom
[m] [m] [kN/m²] [kN/m²]
301.12 300.60 0.00 0.00
300.60 300.10 -0.00 -81.47
300.10 299.10 -81.47 -244.40
299.10 298.50 -244.40 -342.16
298.50 294.00 -342.16 -1075.35
294.00 291.80 -317.50 -362.38
291.80 280.01 -1271.81 -2975.75
280.01 280.00 -2975.75 -2976.44
Resultant loading (h)orizontal und (v)ertical

Depth h v
[m] [kN/m²] [kN/m²]
312.20 2.34 8.15
311.80 12.63 12.87
311.80 2.34 7.92
311.17 2.34 7.92
311.13 2.34 7.92
310.90 2.34 7.92
310.90 29.34 18.53
310.66 30.48 18.98
310.17 33.34 20.10
309.19 39.05 22.33
308.20 44.76 24.56
307.10 51.13 27.05
306.10 56.93 29.31
305.10 62.72 31.58
304.10 68.51 33.84
303.80 70.25 34.52
29/53
B-6/16
303.80 60.99 35.96
303.50 62.32 36.59
303.11 64.04 37.40
302.43 64.70 37.72
302.13 66.02 38.34
301.54 68.66 39.59
301.12 70.21 40.33
300.60 72.16 41.25
300.10 -7.45 3.54
299.10 -166.66 -71.87
298.50 -262.18 -117.12
Internal forces
Depth N Q M A(h)
[m] [kN/m] [kN/m] [kN*m/m] [kN/m]
312.20 -0.0 -0.0 0.0
311.80 -4.2 -3.0 -0.5
311.17 -9.2 -4.5 -2.8
311.13 -9.5 -4.6 -3.0
310.90 -11.3 -5.1 -4.1
310.66 -15.8 -12.1 -6.1
310.17 -25.4 -27.9 -15.9
309.19 -46.3 -63.6 -60.5
308.20 -69.4 -104.9 -143.1 242.2
308.20 -157.5 137.3 -143.1
307.10 -185.9 84.6 -20.4
306.10 -214.1 30.5 37.6
305.10 -244.5 -29.3 38.7
304.10 -277.3 -94.9 -22.9
303.80 -287.5 -115.7 -54.5
303.50 -298.4 -134.2 -92.0 271.5
303.50 -397.2 137.3 -92.0
303.11 -411.6 112.7 -43.4
302.43 -437.4 68.3 18.2
302.13 -448.7 48.9 35.6
30/53
B-7/16
301.54 -471.9 8.8 52.8
301.12 -488.6 -20.2 50.5
300.60 -509.9 -57.4 30.3
300.10 -521.1 -73.5 -4.1
299.10 -486.9 13.5 -47.4
298.50 -430.2 142.2 -3.6
Displacment values
analysed with EI = 2.726E+5 kN*m²/m
Depth w
[m] [mm]
312.20 -2.5
311.80 -2.2
311.17 -1.8
311.13 -1.8
310.90 -1.6
310.66 -1.4
310.17 -1.1
309.19 -0.5
308.20 -0.2
307.10 -0.2
306.10 -0.3
305.10 -0.3
304.10 -0.2
303.80 -0.2
303.50 -0.2
303.11 -0.2
302.43 -0.3
302.13 -0.3
301.54 -0.3
301.12 -0.3
300.60 -0.3
300.10 -0.2
299.10 -0.0
298.50 0.0
31/53
B-8/16
Rotation (theoretical toe) [°]

0.00000000
Maximum values
Maximum moment = 143.1 kN*m/m
Maximum shear force = 142.2 kN/m
Corresponding normal force = -69.4 kN/m
Maximum displacement = 2.5 mm
Wall crown rotation = -0.04 °
Verification Bored pile wall

E = 3000.00 kN/cm²
I = 908817.87 cm4/m
Design to DIN 1045 17.2.1, Para. (6)
Concrete: B 35
Steel: BSt 420/500
betar (Concrete) = 23.00 MN/m²
betas (steel) = 420.00 MN/m²
req. gamma = 1.750
Reduction of internal forces = 0.000
M (Design) = 100.16 kN*m
N (Design) = -48.58 kN
Pile centres = 0.700 m
Pile diameter = 0.600 m
Diameter (steel) = 0.570 m
Req. µ = 1.070 %
req. As = 30.3 cm²
Shear design:
Q (Design) = 99.51 kN
b0 = 0.520 m
z = 0.390 m
tau0 = 491.0 kN/m²
Shear area 1
req. as(tau) = 4.3 cm²/m
32/53
B-9/16
Maximum moment = 143.1 kN*m/m (depth = 308.20 m)

Corresp. values: N = -69.4 kN/m; Q = 137.3 kN/m; w = 0.2 mm
Maximum shear force = 142.2 kN/m (depth = 298.50 m)

Corresp. values: N = -430.2 kN/m; M = -3.6 kN*m/m; w = 0.0 mm
Maximum normal force = 521.1 kN/m (depth = 300.10 m)

Corresp. values: Q = -73.5 kN/m; M = -4.1 kN*m/m; w = 0.2 mm
Maximum displacement = 2.5 mm (depth = 312.20 m)

Corresp. values: N = -0.0 kN/m; Q = -0.0 kN/m; M = -0.0 kN*m/m
Increase of embedment depth by 20.00 %

Embedment depth tg = 2.52 m
Section length = 14.12 m
Verification sum V
Force values in kN/m
The sign is positive if forces
is directed downwards.
Pv = 186.95
Eav = 254.77 (Eah = 600.17)
Epv - 0.5 * Cv = -86.17 (Eph = 215.65)
Epv = -102.15
Ch = 142.15
Cv = Ch * tan(12.7°) = 31.95
G = 134.30
Specific weight (retaining wall) = 2.50 g/cm³
Sum V = 521.79 (compression)
Case 1:
(Eav + Cv + G) / (Epv - 0.5 * Cv) > eta(v) (siehe EAB EB9)
eta(v) = 7.06
Case 2:
33/53
B-10/16
Qg/(Pv + Eav + G) > eta(v) (see EAB R 9)
Qg = compressive force due to skin friction
and tip pressure (see EAB R 9)
The following must be verified:
Qg >= 864.03 (for eta(v) = 1.5)
Horizontal water pressure determined classically.
Required hydraulic heave FOS = 1.50

Minimum hydraulic heave FOS = 9999.00
Layer base = 312.20
Verification of buoyancy FOS not needed!
Verify deep-seated stability

(Area loads rectangular on equivalent wall)
Necessary FOS = 1.50
Anchor Depth Length Height(anchor w.) pres Ah poss Ah eta
[-] [m] [m] [m] [kN/m] [kN/m] [-]
1 308.20 11.50 0.00 242.16 712.92 2.944
2 303.50 11.50 0.00 513.64 1846.03 3.594
Values for most unfavourable slip plane (Anchor 1)

x y G Eah Eav Qx Qy C H tetta phi
[m] [m] [kN/m] [kN/m] [kN/m] [kN/m] [kN/m] [kN/m] [kN/m] [°] [°]
0.00 299.15 - 627.7 273.7 - - - - - -
3.00 300.57 877.1 631.1 272.0 -180.0 -801.4 12.9 0.0 25.34 38.0
3.06 300.60 20.9 629.4 271.2 -2.1 -18.2 0.7 0.0 25.34 32.0
6.73 302.34 1169.6 532.0 224.0 -118.3 -1013.1 40.6 0.0 25.34 32.0
9.82 303.80 891.0 454.8 187.2 -89.7 -767.6 34.2 0.0 25.34 32.0
10.81 304.27 266.2 420.7 173.8 -26.0 -222.7 10.9 0.0 25.34 32.0
(H = horizontal seismic force)
Verification of heave safety

Required Heave FOS = 1.50
34/53
B-11/16
Minimum Heave FOS = 23.88
Width = 3.02 m
Weight G = 1266.42 [kN/m]
Eav (delta = 2/3 * phi) = 236.48 [kN/m]
Cohesive force K = 241.00 [kN/m]
Bearing cap. load Pg = 29764.38 [kN/m]
FOS = (Pg + Eav + K)/G
35/53
B-12/16
‫)‪Appendix (B‬‬ ‫‪GGU-Stability Output Results‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺏ(‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻴﺔ ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪GGU-Stability‬‬
‫‪36/53‬‬
‫‪B-13/16‬‬
Appendix (B) GGU-Stability Output Results
3- GGU-STABILITY Tabulated Output Results for Case (1):

Slope stability analysis to DIN 4084 (old)
using circular slip surfaces
Overall Stability Analysis
File: Eight-Mall-Plot-29.boe
Parameter list
FOS = safety
xm,ym = x and y values of slip circle centre-point
rad = slip circle radius
Movement direction of slip body to the Left
Coordinates of surface points

No. x y
[-] [m] [m]
1 -45.900 300.600
2 -0.002 300.600
3 -0.001 312.200
4 0.000 312.200
5 3.000 318.200
6 45.900 318.200
Soil properties
Soil phi c gamma pw Designation
[-] [°] [kN/m²] [kN/m³] [-]
1 37.00 0.00 19.00 0.00 SAND, Some Cemented Sand
2 30.00 100.00 20.00 0.00 SANDSTONE, Fragments
3 32.00 10.00 19.00 0.00 SAND: Silty, Cemented
4 38.00 0.00 19.00 0.00 SAND: Very Dense, Trace of Sil
5 10.00 100.00 19.00 0.00 SHALE: Very Stiff
6 37.00 0.00 19.00 0.00 SAND: Very Dense, Trace of Sil
37/53
B-14/16
Coordinates of layers and soil numbers
No. x(left) y(left) x(right) y(right) Soil no.
[-] [m] [m] [m] [m]
1 -45.900 294.000 0.000 294.000 4
2 -45.900 291.800 0.000 291.800 5
3 -45.900 280.010 0.000 280.010 6
4 -45.900 280.000 0.000 280.000 6
5 0.001 311.500 45.900 311.500 1
6 0.001 310.600 45.900 310.600 2
7 0.001 303.800 45.900 303.800 3
8 0.001 294.000 45.900 294.000 4
9 0.001 291.800 45.900 291.800 5
10 0.001 280.010 45.900 280.010 6
11 0.001 280.000 45.900 280.000 6
Coordinates of pwp polygon course

No. x y
[-] [m] [m]
1 -45.900 280.010
2 0.000 280.010
3 0.001 280.010
4 45.900 280.010
Live loads
No. Size(left) Size(right) x(left) x(right) y
[-] [kN/m²] [kN/m²] [m] [m] [m]
1 10.00 10.00 3.00 10.00 318.20
2 33.00 33.00 10.00 45.90 318.20
Anchors
No. Force x(head) y(head) x(toe) y(toe) L(gr) Pre-stressed
[-] [kN/m] [m] [m] [m] [m] [m]
1 265.82 0.00 308.20 14.10 303.07 7.00 Yes
2 283.22 0.00 303.50 14.10 298.37 7.00 Yes
38/53
B-15/16
Structural element 1
No. x y
[-] [m] [m]
1 -0.60 312.20
2 -0.60 293.20
3 0.00 293.20
4 0.00 312.20
Earthquake loads (as acceleration values)

Horizontal eh/g = 0.0000
Vertical ev/g = 0.0000
Formula from Kuntsche
Water level in front of slope left [m] = 280.01

Water level in front of slope right [m] = 280.01
Gamma water [kN/m³] = 10.000
Calculation with consideration of passive earth pressure wedge
Results
Search grid
Type of search radius
Start and end radius
x/y (start): 0.0000 293.2000
x/y (end ): 0.0000 281.0000
No. of radii = 30
Unfavourable slip circle

Circle xm ym Radius Slices FOS
[m] [m] [m] [-] [-]
168 -0.5800 314.6900 22.7175 54 2.0490
Numerator = 175730.205 Denominator = 85763.550
39/53
B-16/16
‫)‪Appendix (C‬‬ ‫‪Shoring Pile Structural Design‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺝ(‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ ﺭﻗﻤﻰ )‪ (١‬ﻭ )‪(٢‬‬
‫‪40/53‬‬
‫‪C-1/11‬‬
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41/53
C-2/11
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42/53
C-3/11
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43/53
C-4/11
\59\ Xÿ[2` "ÿaB:>ÿ#
0121ÿ41ÿ56789 ÿ 6896
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44/53
C-5/11
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0123456ÿ895 19341
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45/53
C-6/11
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46/53
C-7/11
!" #$ÿ&'( )ÿ*6+787,ÿ1
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0ÿ34567895 4ÿÿ86ÿÿ 55
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47/53
C-8/11
ÿ ÿ67187ÿ
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48/53
C-9/11
&ÿI"P 86ÿQR5S156ÿ848>
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49/53
C-10/11
6 ÿ;< =5ÿ>'?@A.@Bÿ=*=3
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50/53
C-11/11
‫)‪Appendix (D‬‬ ‫‪Soil Log Used in the Design‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺩ(‬

‫ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻰ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‬
‫‪51/53‬‬
‫‪D‐1/3‬‬
‫ﺔ رﻗ )‪(١‬‬ ‫ﻗﻊ اﻟ‬ ‫ﻗ ﺎع اﻟ ﺔ‬

‫ﻕ )‪ - (MU4-29‬ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻄﺔ ‪-‬‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﺇﻳﺖ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻚ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺔ‪ ٣١٨٫٢٨ + :‬ﻣﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﺑﺮﺝ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ‪:‬‬
‫‪ ٢٥٫٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻖ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺔ‪ :‬ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ‪٢٠٢٢‬‬
‫‪X-COORD:‬‬ ‫‪686434.5055 Y-COORD:‬‬ ‫‪810125.5559 Z-COORD:‬‬ ‫‪318.280‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺋﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻓﻴﺔ ‪ :‬ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻓﻴﺔ ‪ :‬ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ‬
‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬
‫‪SPT‬‬ ‫‪qu‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻖ ﻗﻄﺎﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬
‫‪(N) kg/cm2‬‬
‫ﻭﺻـــــﻒ ﺍﻟﺘـــﺮﺑـــــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻘﺔ‬
‫)ﻡ( ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺔ‬
‫)ﻡ(‬
‫ﺭﺩﻡ ﻣﻛﻭﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺭﻣﻝ ﻭﻁﻔﻠﺔ ﻭﺯﻟﻁ ﻭﻛﺳﺭ‬
‫‪١٫٠٠‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬
‫‪SA, Fines = 16.21 %‬‬ ‫‪٢‬‬
‫‪> 50‬‬ ‫‪٣‬‬

‫ﺭﻣﻝ ﺃﺻﻔﺭ ﻣﺗﺩﺭﺝ ﻭﺑﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻁﻔﻠﺔ‬
‫‪٤‬‬
‫‪SA, Fines = 21.28 %‬‬ ‫ﺭﻣﻝ ﻁﻔﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪٥‬‬
‫ﺭﻣﻝ ﻁﻔﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪٦‬‬

‫‪٦٫٥٠‬‬
‫ﻛﺳﺭ ﺣﺟﺭ ﺭﻣﻠﻰ ﺃﺻﻔﺭ ﺻﻠﺏ ﻭﻓﻭﺍﺻﻝ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﻣﻝ‬ ‫‪٧‬‬
‫‪٧٫٦٠‬‬
‫‪٨‬‬
‫‪٩‬‬
‫‪١٠‬‬
‫ﺭﻣﻝ ﻁﻔﻠﻰ ﺃﺧﺿﺭ ﻣﺗﻼﺣﻡ‬ ‫‪١١‬‬
‫‪١٢‬‬
‫‪١٣‬‬
‫‪Fines = 25.28 %‬‬ ‫‪١٤‬‬

‫‪١٤٫٥٠‬‬
‫ﺭﻣﻝ ﺃﺻﻔﺭ ﻣﺗﺩﺭﺝ ﻭﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻁﻔﻠﺔ‬
‫‪SA, Fines = 6.25 %‬‬ ‫‪١٥٫٠٠‬‬ ‫‪١٥‬‬
‫‪Sheet 1 of 2‬‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ :(٢‬ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺔ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪.(١‬‬
‫‪52/53‬‬
‫‪D‐2/3‬‬
‫ﺔ رﻗ )‪(١‬‬ ‫ﻗﻊ اﻟ‬ ‫ﺎل ﻗ ﺎع اﻟ ﺔ‬ ‫اﺳ‬

‫ﻕ )‪ - (MU4-29‬ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻄﺔ ‪-‬‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﺇﻳﺖ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻚ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺔ‪ ٣١٨٫٢٨ + :‬ﻣﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﺑﺮﺝ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ‪:‬‬
‫‪ ٢٥٫٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻖ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺔ‪ :‬ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ‪٢٠٢٢‬‬
‫‪X-COORD:‬‬ ‫‪686,434.5055 Y-COORD:‬‬ ‫‪81,0125.5559 Z-COORD:‬‬ ‫‪318.280‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺋﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻓﻴﺔ ‪ :‬ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻓﻴﺔ ‪ :‬ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ‬
‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬
‫‪SPT‬‬ ‫‪qu‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻖ ﻗﻄﺎﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬
‫‪(N) Kg/cm2‬‬ ‫ﻭﺻـــــﻒ ﺍﻟﺘـــﺮﺑـــــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻘﺔ‬
‫)ﻡ( ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺔ‬
‫)ﻡ(‬
‫‪١٦‬‬
‫‪> 50‬‬ ‫‪١٧‬‬
‫‪١٨‬‬
‫‪١٩‬‬
‫ﺭﻣﻝ ﺃﺻﻔﺭ ﻣﺗﺩﺭﺝ ﻭﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻁﻔﻠﺔ‬
‫‪SA‬‬ ‫‪٢٠‬‬
‫‪٢١‬‬
‫‪> 50‬‬ ‫‪٢٢‬‬
‫‪٢٣‬‬
‫‪SA‬‬ ‫‪٢٤‬‬
‫‪٢٤٫٣٠‬‬
‫ﻁﻔﻠﺔ ﺧﺿﺭﺍء ﺻﻠﺑﺔ ﻭﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺭﻣﻝ ﻭﻓﻭﺍﺻﻝ ﻣﻥ ﺃﻛﺎﺳﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﺣﺩﻳﺩ‬
‫‪PP‬‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺟﺳﺔ‬ ‫‪4.00‬‬ ‫‪٢٥٫٠٠‬‬ ‫‪٢٥‬‬
‫‪٢٦‬‬
‫‪٢٧‬‬
‫‪٢٨‬‬
‫‪٢٩‬‬
‫‪٣٠‬‬
‫‪Sheet 2 of 2‬‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ :(٢‬ﺍﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻝ ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺔ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪.(١‬‬
‫‪53/53‬‬
‫‪D‐3/3‬‬

17 23 Eight Development Shoring MU4 29

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17 23 Eight Development Shoring MU4 29

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‫ووﺗـــــــــــﺮ ﻟ ﺳﺘﺸـــــﺎرات اﻟﻬﻨـــــﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫د‪.‬م‪ /.‬إﺑــــــــﺮاﻫﻴــــﻢ ﻫﻨــــــﺪى‬

‫‪Consultant and Professor of Geotechnical Engineering‬‬

‫‪ -٢‬ﻭﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻟﻪ ﻭﻣﻨﺎﺳﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪:‬‬

‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -٣‬ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪:‬‬

‫‪6.00‬‬ ‫‪35.96‬‬ ‫‪6.00‬‬

‫‪ -٤‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -١-٤‬ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -٢-٤‬ﻭﺻﻒ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪:‬‬

‫‪3.00‬‬ ‫‪7.00‬‬ ‫‪Surcharge = 33 kPa‬‬

‫)‪(+318.20‬‬ ‫‪Surcharge = 10 kPa‬‬

‫‪ -٣-٤‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -٤-٤‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ )‪:(Ground Anchors‬‬

‫‪ -٥‬ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻵﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -٢-٥‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ GGU-Stability‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻰ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -٣-٥‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ CSI-Col‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -٦‬ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻭﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -٢-٦‬ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ o‬ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺷﺪ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ = ‪ ٥٤٫١٢ = ٢٫١٠ * ٢٥٫٧٧‬ﻁﻦ‪.‬‬

‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ )‪:(Ground Anchor II‬‬

‫‪ -٣-٦‬ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -١-٣-٦‬ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ ﺻﻔﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ -٤-٦‬ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -٥-٦‬ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻟﺮﺅﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -٧‬ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -٨‬ﺗﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -١-٨‬ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -٩‬ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ‪:‬‬

‫ﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ = ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ = ‪ ٦٠‬ﺳﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫‪ -٣-٩‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺯﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‪:‬‬

‫‪Consultant and Professor of Geotechnical Engineering‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺃ(‬

Soil Depth  '  c   

-143.1 137.3 -104.9 -6 9.4 -15 7.5

M [kN*m/m ] Q [kN/m] N [kN/m] w [mm]

St 15 70/1770 5 Strands 0.6''; lp = 7.00 m

Anchor 2 (15.00 m, 20.0°) (289.1 kN/m) (eta = 3 .59)

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺃ(‬

45.90 3.00 7.00 35.90

Eight-Mall, Plot No. 29

305 282 centre-points defined.

DIN 4084 (old)

[°] [kN/m²] [kN/m³]

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )ﺏ(‬

1- GGU-RETAIN Tabulated Output Results:

Wall crown = 312.20 m

Max. subdivisions to excavation base: 0.100

Excavation level = 300.60 m

Berms on the active side

Distributed load p = 0.00 kN/m²

Area loads not redistributed

Type of toe support:

Anchors and struts

Anchor steel verification

Bending verification of waling:

Shear verification of waling:

Passive ep ordinates for eta(p) = 1.50

Resultant loading (h)orizontal und (v)ertical

Rotation (theoretical toe) [°]

Verification Bored pile wall

Maximum moment = 143.1 kN*m/m (depth = 308.20 m)

Maximum shear force = 142.2 kN/m (depth = 298.50 m)

5% !319ÿ6&ÿ039!23!91'ÿ62( )*+

' ()456ÿ73+ÿ468465,ÿ238 "-

0ÿ34567895 4ÿÿ86ÿÿ 55

092S55ÿ1 7ÿT55S35S5:ÿU3< 9V;