George Orwell

- Born as Eric Arthur Blair, educated in prestigious English boarding schools.

- Worked as a British Imperial Policeman in Burma, but despised enforcing laws for a regime
he didn’t agree with.
- Returned to England due to health issues, abandoned policing for writing.
- Inspired by Jack London, lived among the poor, documented experiences in "Down and Out
in Paris and London.
- Lived among destitute coal miners, shifted from capitalism to democratic socialism.
- Reported on the Spanish Civil War, developed a strong anti-totalitarian stance.

1984
- Dystopian novel about a government controlling thoughts and actions.
- Shows the dangers of oppressive governments and loss of individual freedom.

Animal farm

Characters

Napoleon:
- Leader of Animal Farm after the Rebellion.
- Similar to Joseph Stalin.
- Uses military force, represented by nine loyal attack dogs, to intimidate and consolidate
power.

Snowball:
- Challenges Napoleon for control.
- Resembles Leon Trotsky.
- Intelligent, passionate, and eloquent.

Boxer:
- Cart-horse with incredible strength, dedication, and loyalty.
- Plays a key role in Animal Farm's early prosperity and the windmill's completion.
- Quick to help but slow-witted.
- Devoted to Animal Farm’s ideals but trusts the pigs to make decisions for him.
- Mottos: “I will work harder” and “Napoleon is always right.”

Squealer:
- Spreads Napoleon’s propaganda.
- Justifies pigs’ monopolization of resources with false statistics.
- Represents how those in power manipulate language for control.

Old Major:
- Prize-winning boar with a vision of a socialist utopia.
- Inspires the Rebellion but dies, leaving a power struggle between Snowball and Napoleon.
- Based on Karl Marx and Vladimir Ilych Lenin.

Genre: Political Satire

Setting: A fictional farm in England
Time: Russian Revolution and early Soviet Union
Moses:
- Tame raven spreading stories of Sugarcandy Mountain, a supposed animal paradise after
death.
- Represents how communism can exploit religion to pacify the oppressed.

Benjamin:
- Long-lived donkey.
- Uninspired by the Rebellion.
- Believes life will remain unpleasant regardless of leadership.
- Understands changes but unwilling or unable to oppose the pigs.

Mr. Jones:
- Often drunk farmer running Manor Farm.
- Unkind master representing Tsar Nicholas II ousted by the Russian Revolution.

Mr. Frederick:
- Tough operator of Pinchfield, a neighboring farm.
- Resembles Adolf Hitler.
- Untrustworthy neighbor.

Mr. Pilkington:
- Easygoing gentleman farmer running Foxwood, a neighboring farm.
- Bitter enemy of Mr. Frederick.
- Represents capitalist governments of England and the United States.

Plot

The story begins with Old Major, a prize-winning boar, inspiring the animals of Manor Farm
with a dream of a world without human oppression. After Major's death, three pigs—Snowball,
Napoleon, and Squealer—formulate his ideas into Animalism. The animals revolt against Mr.
Jones, renaming the farm Animal Farm and dedicating themselves to Major's dream. Initially,
the farm prospers under Snowball's education initiatives. However, power struggles emerge
between Snowball and Napoleon, leading to Snowball's expulsion. Napoleon assumes control
and imposes his decisions on the farm.

Napoleon shifts positions on projects, such as a windmill, and consolidates power by rewriting
history and suppressing dissent. The farm deteriorates, and Napoleon's behavior becomes
increasingly human-like. A neighboring farmer, Mr. Frederick, cheats and attacks the farm,
causing destruction. Boxer, a devoted cart-horse, is injured and eventually sold by Napoleon to
a glue maker. The pigs evolve into human-like figures, betraying the original Animalist
principles. Napoleon aligns with human farmers, and the farm is renamed Manor Farm. The
once-equal animals can no longer distinguish pigs from humans, symbolizing the corruption of
the revolution's ideals.

"Animal Farm warns about the dangers of power abuse and the loss of ideals after animals
rebel against humans on a farm."
THE 7 COMMANDMENTS:

1.Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy.

2.Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend.

3.No animal shall wear clothes (without permission).

4.No animal shall sleep in a bed (with sheets).

5.No animal shall drink alcohol (to excess).

6.No animal shall kill any other animal (without cause).

7. ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL (,BUT SOME ANIMALS ARE MORE EQUAL
THAN OTHERS).