UDAI PRATAP AUTONOMOUS COLLEGE

01
VARANASI
02 SESSION:2023-24
SEMINAR ORGANISED BY DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY
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TOPIC: GREENHOUSE EFFECTS
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SUPERVISOR: HEAD OF DEPARTMENT :
Dr. CP Singh PRESENTED BY:
Dr. Anju Singh
Department of Geography
06
Dean of Arts Department Nikita Maurya
M.A. Sem 2
07 Department of Geography
Index
1.What is a Greenhouse ?
2.Greenhouse Effect
01 3.Founder of Greenhouse Effect
02
4.Greenhouse Gases
03
5.Sources of Greenhouse Gases
04
05 6.Impacts of Greenhouse Effect
06 7.Impacts of Greenhouse Effect on India
07 8.Control of Greenhouse Effect
9.Conclusion
 What is a Greenhouse?
A greenhouse is a controlled environment structure, often
made of glass or transparent materials, designed to cultivate
plants by harnessing sunlight and creating a warm, insulated
atmosphere.
The glass walls and roof permit sunlight to enter and trap
heat, resulting in higher temperatures inside than the
surrounding environment. This controlled climate
encourages plant growth throughout the year, even in colder
seasons.
Greenhouses offer protection from harsh weather
conditions, pests, and diseases, making them essential for
nurturing various plant species, cultivating crops, and
conducting scientific research on plant biology and
agriculture.
Greenhouse
 Greenhouse Effect

Greenhouse effect is the process by which radiations from the sun are
absorbed by the greenhouse gases and not reflected back into space. This
insulates the surface of the earth and prevents it from freezing.

During the day the sun heats up the earth’s atmosphere. At night, when the
earth cools down the heat is radiated back into the atmosphere. During this
process, the heat is absorbed by the greenhouse gases in the earth’s
atmosphere. This is what makes the surface of the earth warmer, that makes
the survival of living beings on earth possible.

However, due to the increased levels of greenhouse gases, the temperature of

the earth has increased considerably. This has led to several drastic effects.
Founder of Greenhouse Effect
 Greenhouse Gases
Any gas that has the property of absorbing infrared radiation
emitted from Earth's surface and reradiating it back to Earth's
surface, thus contributing to the greenhouse effect.

The following list provides some major greenhouse gases –

Water Vapour (H2O)

Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Methane (CH4)
Ozone (O3)
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)
Hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC)
Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)
Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC)
Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)
Nitrogen trifluoride (NF3)
Perfluorocarbons (C2F6, CF4)
Sources of Greenhouse Gases
1.Natural sources of GHGs are volcanos, respiration by living
organisms, decay and combustion of organic matter, etc.

2.The amounts of GHGs are balanced in the atmosphere naturally by

many physical, chemical or biochemical processes such as natural
sinks that take-up CO2, e.g. terrestrial vegetation

3.The main source of increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is the

burning of fossil fuels, urbanisation, deforestation and soil erosion.

4.Various industries, solid and wastewater management are a source of

increased methane. Rice cultivation has contributed considerably to
increased greenhouse gases.
Sources of Greenhouse Gases
Emission Worldwide,2017
Impacts of Greenhouse Effect

1. Global warming and climate change.

2. Rise of sea level
3. Worsening health effects
4. Disruption of the water cycle
5. Changing forest and natural areas
6. Challenges to agriculture and the food
supply
7. Effect on the ozone layer
8. Effect on oceanic climate
 Impacts of Greenhouse Effect on India

1.Malnutrition, child stunting, respiratory disease, heat waves, and illness and
death.

2.Food supply disruptions, reduced crop yields, and depletion of groundwater.

3. Extreme weather, droughts, and changes in monsoon rainfall patterns.

4.Decreased GDP, decreased crop production, and increased poverty rate.

5.Displacement of people and submersion of major cities in future.

6.Increased incidences of malaria, dengue, kala azar, and Japanese encephalitis

 Control of Greenhouse Effects
1. Reduce fossil fuel use: Reduce your use of coal, petroleum, and other fossil fuels.
2.Use renewable energy: Use renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydro
power.
3.Improve energy efficiency: Get a home energy audit, adjust your thermostat, and
use energy-saving light bulbs.
4.Reduce water usage: Wash your clothes in cold water, line dry your clothes, and use
low-flow shower and faucet heads.
5.Reduce travel emissions: Walk, bike, or take public transport, and consider
switching to an electric vehicle.
6.Reduce waste: Reduce, reuse, repair, and recycle.
7.Plant trees: Plant a native garden and practice afforestation.
8.Limit electronics use: Unplug electronics when not in use, and limit your time
browsing the web.
 Conclusion
The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon essential for
sustaining life on Earth by regulating temperature. However,
human activities have intensified this process, leading to
environmental challenges such as climate change.

It's imperative that we prioritize sustainable practices,

reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and work collectively to
safeguard our planet for future generations. Through
informed decision-making and concerted global efforts, we
can mitigate the adverse effects of the greenhouse effect
and create a more sustainable and resilient world.
Thank You