ELECTROMAGNETICS HAYT 8 EDITION DRILL SOLUTION FROM CHAPTERS 1 TOS eae D1.1. Given points M1, 2, 1), N(@3. -3, 0), and P(-2, -3, -4), find: (2) Run; (6) Raw + Ru; (¢) [rads (@) aur; (e) |2rp — 34]. (a) Ruw = (3-(-I)ar + (3 —2)a, + (= Ia. = 4a, —Sa,—a. (6) Raw + Rue = Raw + (2 —(- 1))ac + (3 — 2)ay + (4 = Nae = Ruw—ar—Say—Sa- = 4ay—Say—a:—ay—Say—Sa- = 3ay— 10a) ~ 6a: (ind = JCP +24P = V6 = 245 (@) ayp = SS = SOR = 6 14a 0.7ay— 0.70: VE +r +57 2(-2ay — 3a — 4a.) — 3(3a, — 3ay) = day — bay — 8a:— 9a, + Yay —13ay + 3ay — 8a. (2re—3rn| = J(-13¥ +3 +C8F = 12 = 15.56 D1.2. A vector field S is expressed in rectangular coordinates as § = {125/[(x — 1)? + (»—2)? + (+1) ]} {@— Dar + (v—2)ay )a:}. (a) Evaluate § at PQ. that gives the direction of S$ at P. (c) Specify the surface f(x, y (e) 2rp— 39 , 3). (b) Determine a unit vector on which |S| = 1.125 Sooo tt 2 - Da. + (4-2), +3 + Da (a) @a3@-2 4 Gay ((2—Da, +(4—2)a, +B +Da.} = 2 a 420, +4a,) = 5 (a, +20, +40.) P+? +4 21 = 5.95ar+ 11.9a, + 23.8a- (iy ay = 225K HUI, $23.80, _ 5.950, +11.99, + 23.80 V5.93 +118 +23.8 27.27 = 0.218a; + 0.436a, + 0.873a; © 1=)s|= 125(x—-1) ie 125(y—2) Ys 125(2 +1) y (x- lf +(y— 29 +(2+1P (x-1P +(v-27 +(2 +1)? (x-1) +(v-2)P +(e +1? =f F(a +O-7+E+Iy _ 125%G—1 +27 Hes (0-1 +27 ++ FP (IP +(y-2P +E +1? Transposing, (x= IP $y —28 #41 3 y V(x-1P + (y= 2 +(e + 1P Conjugating, = 125 : 19 +Q-2F + +1P VQ@-1Y+Q-2F +E4+1IF +(y-2h +241" = 125 D1.3. The three vertices of a triangle are located at (6, -1, 2), B(-2, 3, -4), and C(-3, 1, 5). Find: (a) Rug; (b) Rac; (c) the angle Qgi¢ at vertex A: (d) the (vector) projection of Rug on Ruc. (a) Rug = (2 —6)ay + (3 —(-1))ay + (4 —2)a- = —Sa, + 4ay — 6a- = 125(b) Rac = (-3—6)ax + (1 — (-1))ay + (5 — 2)az = 9a, + 2ay + 3a: (c) Locating angle Mic. RastRac atRa cos! Opac = cos! “= [Rosl[Rud = 36° (d) Analyzing the projection, Ric [Rasw| = Raseauc = Russo [Rec] (R 9a, + 2a, + Rus = [Raw w) asc = Rowlied 4c V(-9P +2 + = -5.94ay + 1.319a, + 1.979. D1.4. The three vertices ofa triangle are located at A(6, -1, 2), B(-2. 3, -4), and C(-3, 1, 5). Find: (a) Ryw * Rac; (6) the area of the triangle; (c) a unit vector perpendicular to the plane in which the triangle is located. = (6.395) (a) Rus * Rac = —6 = [4(3) — (-6)(2) Jax + [-6)(-9) — (-8)(3) Jay + [-8)(2) — 4(-9) Ja 3 = 24a, + 78a, + 20a. (b) 4a= + basexheight = $Rusx RodFinding the direction of vector Rac Rec = (-3 - (-2))ax + (1 — 3)ay + (5—(-A))az = —ar—2ay + 9az a ay, Ruz* Rec = |-8 4-6 = 24a, + 78a, + 20a: -1 2 9 Ruz * Rac] = V24+78+20° = 84 Aa = (1/2)(84) = 42 42 © Ae kie = er = 0.286a, + 0.928a, + 0.238a, D15. (a) Give the rectangular coordinates of the point C(p = 4.4, 6 = -115°, 2 = 2). (b) Give the cylindrical coordinates of the point D(x =-3.1. y= 2.6, 2=~3). (c) Specify the distance from Cto D. (a) Converting cylindrical to rectangular coordinates Table 1 Cylindrical to rectangular coordinate systems X= pcosd v= psing x = 44 cos—115° = -1.86 .4 sin-115° = -3.99 2 Ce = -1.86,y = -3.99,2 = 2) (b) Converting rectangular to cylindrical coordinates Table 2 Rectangular to cylindrical coordinate systems p= (31% 42.6 = 4.05 (¢ is added with 180° which it lies on the second quadrant.)@ = tan! y/x+180° = tan! (2.6/-3.1) + 180° = 140° z=-3 Dip = 4.05, = 140°,z = -3) (c) CD = (3.1 = (-1.86))a: + (2.6 — (-3.99))a, + (3 — 2)a: = -1.24a, + 6.59a,— Sa, ICD) = Y-1.24P +6.5% +3" = 8.36 D1.6. Transform to cylindrical coordinates: (a) F = 10a; — 8a, + 6a: at point P(10, -8, 6); (4) G= (2x + y)ax — (v —4x)ay at point O(y, ¢, z). (c) Give the rectangular components of the vector H = 20a, — 10ay + 3a. at P(x=5,3 =i) (a) Taking note that the dot product of the unit vectors in cylindrical to rectangular coordinate systems and vice versa Table 3 Dot products of the unit vectors in cylindrical and rectangular coordinate systems ap ae ae aye cos @ =sing 0 aye sing cos b 0 ace 0 0 1 (10a, — 8a, + 6a-)+ a, + (10a, — 8a, + 6a.) «ay + (10a, — 8a, + ba-)- a- (10 cos ¢ —8 sin ¢ + O)ay + [(10C- sin 6) + (-8)(cos $) + OJay + (0 +0 + 6)a- Since ¢ = (tan ' (-8/10) +180°) = 141.43° = (10 cos 141.43°—8 sin 141.43°)a, + [(10(— sin 141.43°) + (-8)(cos 141.43°)]ay + 6a: = 12.8lay + 6a. (b)G = [2x+y)ac— (vy —4x)ay]e ap + [2x + yas — (r— 4yjay]> ay Segregating the unit vectors to avoid confusion, Gp = [x + y)ax—(v — 4x)ay]+ ay Converting also the variables of rectangular to cylindrical coordinates,(2p cos ¢ +p sin ¢) cos ¢—(p sin 6 — 4p cos #) sind = Ipcos? d+psin ¢ cos ¢—p sin? 6+ 4p sin J cos ip cos? $ —p sin? 6 +Spsin pcos ¢ = [2x+y)ar— (vy —4x)ay]eag 2p cos ¢ +p sin ¢)(-sin 6) ~ (p sin ¢ — 4p cos 4) cos = -2p sin ¢ cos $ —p sin? 6 — p sin d cos 6 + 4p cos? ¢ = sin g cos @ — pa 2d —psin d cos ¢ + 4p cos? ¢ = 4p cos’ —p sin? —3p sin ¢ cos 6 Adding together, G = (2pcos’ ¢—psin’ 6 + 5p sin ¢ cos ¢) ay + (4p cos” d — p sin’ ¢ — 3p sin ¢ cos ¢) ap (©) Applying the dot product from Table 3, = (20a) — 1Oay + 3az)* av + (20a, — 10ay + 3a-)* ay + (20a) — 10ay + 3a-)+ ae Since @ = (tan! (2/5) +180°) = 201.8° Hy, = 20 cos ¢ +10 sing +0 = 20 cos 201.8° +10 sin 201.8° = 22 HA, = 20 sin g— 10 cosg+0 = 20 sin 201.8°— 10 cos 201.8° = —1.86 H. = 0+0+3 = D1.7. Given the two points, C(-3, 2, 1) and Di = 5, 0 = 20°, ¢ =-70°), find: (a) the spherical coordinates of C; (4) the rectangular coordinates of D; (c) the distance from C to D. (a) Converting rectangular to spherical coordinates, Table 4 Rectangular to spherical coordinate systems Vrtyre? 0 = cos 3 ¢ = tan! @ = cos! (1/3.74) = 74.5° é = tan! (2/-3)+ 180° = 146.3°C(r = 3.74, 0 = 74.5°, 6 = 146.3°) (4) Converting spherical to rectangular coordinates, Table 5 Spherical to rectangular coordinate systems x sin 0 cos ¢ y =rsin@sin dé z= reosd in 20° cos—70° = 0.585 § sin 20° sin -70° = —1.607 5 cos 20° = 4.7 D(x = 0.585, y = -1.607,z = 4.7) (c) Using rectangular coordinates to find the distance \cp| = J(0.585—C3y +(-1.607-27 + (47-1 = 6.29 1.8. Transform the following veetors to spherical coordinates at the points given: (a) 10a, at P(x =-3, y=2,2=4); (b) 10a, at Olp = 5, 6 = 30°, 2 = 4); (c) 1Oa- at Mir =4, 0= 110°, g = 120°). (a) Taking note that the dot product of the unit vectors in spherical to rectangular coordinate systems and vice versaTable 6 Dot products of the unit vectors in spherical and rectangular coordinate systems a, ay ag at sin 0 cos @ cos cos ¢ =sing aye sin Osind cos Osin d cos g ace cos 0 sin @ 0 10a, = 10 (sin 0 cos ¢ a. + cos 0 cos ¢ ay — sind as) From Table 4, we calculate and have @ = 42.03° and ¢ = 146.31°. Substituting, = 10 sin 42.03° cos 146.31° a, + 10 cos 42.03° cos 146.31° ag — 10 sin 146.31° ay = -5.57a, — 6.18a0 — 5.55ag (b) 10a, = 10 (sin @ sin ¢ a+ cos sin ¢ a0 + cos d as) We manipulate to convert in cylindrical to spherical coordinates. From Table 1, we calculate and have x = 4.33, y = 2.5 and z = 4. Then from Table 4, we convert rectangular to spherical coordinates. We calculate and have 0 = 51.34° and é = 30°. Substituting, = 10 sin 51.34° sin 30° a, + 10 cos 51.34° sin 30° ay + 10 cos 30° ay 3.9a,—3.12a9 — 8.66a9 (c) 10a, = 10 (cos a, + (— sin 0) ap) = 10 cos 110° a,— 10 sin 110° ag = —3.42a,—9.4a9 C ig D2.1. A charge Q1 =~20 pC is located at A(-6, 4, 7), and a charge Oz = 50 uC is at B(S, 8, -2) in free space. If distances are given in meters, find: (a) Ras; (6) Rus. Determine the vector force exerted on Qu by Qa if €0 = (c) 10°/(36n) Fm; (d) 8.854 10? F/m. (a) Ras = (5—(-6))ax + (8 ~4)ay + (-2 - Tas m= Mas +4ay—9a:m (b) Rig = YIP +4 +(-9F m = 14.76 m () Fur = 22g, = OG Ru _ _O0. 2 AncoRis AneoRis Ras AneoRis There is an ambiguous value of Fix with regards from the answer of the textbook. Trying in the higher decimal number of Rus = 14.7648, 1B(d) Fas oad 6 = OOOO) Cita a, —9a.) = (-2.7961 x 107)(11ay + 4a) —9a.) 4n(10°/36m)(14.7648) 30.76a, + 11.184a,— 25.16a- mN , 7 yeqeins OO p= —A ROOK") i, +-48,-983) AncoRis An(8.854x 10 '7)(14.7648) (2.7923 x 10 (11a; + 4ay — 9a.) = 30.72a;+ 11.169a, — 25.13a: mN D2.2. A charge of -0.3 nC is located at A(25, -30, 15) (in em), and a second charge of 0.5 nC is at B(-10, 8, 12) em, Find E at: (a) the origin; (b) P(15, 20, 50) cm. (a) Solving first the vector and magnitude from charge A to the origin O, Rio = (0—25)ay + (0 (-30))ay + (0 15)az em = —25a, + 30a) — 15a cm = -0.25a,+ 0.3a,—0.15a,m Ruol = (0.25) +0.3° +(-0.15f m = 0.4183 m _ _-03x10° = —~ Qi Riu _ _ Qs 2 ne Rao Ancy Rio AneyRio Rio Arte = (—0.25a, + 0.3a, —0.15a-) V/mAneo(0.4183)° * = 9.21a,—11.05a, +5.53a. kV/m For the charge B to the origin, Rego = (0—(-10))ax+(O— 8)a, + (O—12)a. cm = 10a, — 8a, — 12a: cm = 0.la,—0.08a, —0.12a:m [Rao = Y0.P +(-0.08Y +(-0.12Y m = 0.1755 m Os 0.5x10° — Rs = ————— AncoRso Ane(0.1755Y 83.13a, —66.5la, —99.76a. kV/m Combining E. and Ex, E = 92.3a,—77.6a, — 94.2a. kV/m ({b) Same concept in (a) Rup = (15 —25)ax + (20 — (—30))a, + (50 — 15)a. em = —0.1a, + 0.5ay + 0.35a. m (Rie| = 0.6185 m Ea = 1.14a,—5.7a, —3.99a, kV/m Rap = (15 —(-10))ax + (20 — 8)ay + (50 — 12)az em = 0.25ax + 0.12ay + 0.38a: m \Rap| = 0.4704 m Es = 10.79a, +5.18a, +16.41a. kV/m = 11.9a —0.52a,— 12.4a: kV/m xe st , 4) OT pe 4t Eg = (0.1a, —0.08a, —0.12a.) Vim (2.3. Evaluate the sums: yas mm ma (44nry> * 1+(-1) yttG 1) glk 1) Vb De +e 1" tc iyD2.4. Calculate the total charge within each of the indicated volumes: (a) 0.1 <|x4, |v}, 2] $0.2: py = Ura); (b) 0

(4a.) = 22.469a: Vim 2not R, = daz 5x10° ly = ——> 4a.) = 22.469a- Vim 2neyF Adding together, A69a- + 22.469a: Vim = 45a- V/m (b) Finding R and E at Point B along x and y axes, Ry = 3ay + daege, = S210 3a, 44a.) = 10.7858, + 14.380. Vim 2nes (VP +4 ) sx 10° By = 210 4a.) = 22.469 a Vim 2na (VF) E = 10.785a, + (14.38 + 22.469)a. V/m = 10.8a, + 36.9a: V/m D2.6. Three infinite uniform sheets of charge are located in free space as follows: 3 nC/m? at z=-4, 6 nC/m at z = 1, and -8 nC/m? at z = 4. Find E at the point: (a) Pi(2, 5, -5); (b) Px(4, 2, -3); (€) PACH, -5, 2); (d) Po(-2, 4. 5). (a) Obtaining first the electric field due to charges, Beg = ay = 220 = t69.41a. vim 260 2€ ji g.-) = S210 4 = 338.828. vin 2€0 Pe Boag = XI = 451.768. vin 20 Since the point A is located below all the sheets of charge, all directions of electric field E are negative a. direction with relative to normal, which is ay, of P). Combining together, E = -E|-E2 = —169.41a-— 338.82a-—(—451.76a-) Vim = —56.5a- V/m (b) The location of point B suggests that the electric field E contributed by the surface charge at 4 will be in positive a- direction while others are negative. Combining together, E = E)—E2—E3 = 282.3a: Vim (c) Same arguments in (4), onl 4 will be in negative a: direction. Combining together, E = E) + E2.—E3 = 960a: V/m (d) We know that the point D is located above all the sheets of charge and all electric fields E are positive a: direction. Combining together,E = E:+E2+E; = 56.5a- V/m a (b) Letting w= 5x +1 and du=5 dx, and then x = (u— 1/5, 2 i d _ “- SAYS) = flee = fhau-f[eae = Len 2 5 is 25u 25 25u 25 Zz. stfsx i) —in|sx+ +S 7 all ~ For P(x = = 42 = 2); C? = 15.66 # gl) +1)—Mn)5)+1+Y= 0.04(5x+1)— o.04tafsx-+]+ 7528 15.7 + 0.4x — 0.08 In |5x + 1 leat D3.1. Given a 60-uC point charge located at the origin, find the total electric flux passing through: (a) that portion of the sphere r= 26 cm bounded by 0 <0 < m/2 and 0 < ¢ < n/2; (b) the closed surface defined by p = 26 cm and z = +26 cm; (c) the plane == 26 cm. = 2 p-2& (a) tr ay = 2 4 = sinowous Opa. a2 O x2 i y= fi [Psinodoas = 25" sinoai as - 2 -cosd ds") 6 = SRI £0502 ( 0080} (H/2)=0) = 7.5 pC TT (b) Deriving Gauss’s law of the cylinder, O = GDeds = Defi pdgdz = Dypf'ddl de = Dopo" AE = Ds2apl Ds = D, = 2. or Dp = 2 mpl Impl Solving ¥, 2 dp = rhe = a dg dz = , dbl. de ah OE y=Q= ion ne (c) Getting the equation in (4) with changing the limits of ¢ as 0 < @ < m because only the flux lines nase in half thranah the nlaneD3.2. Calculate D in rectangular coordinates at point P(2, -3, 6) produced by: (a) a point charge O41 = 55 mC at O(-2, 3, -6); (6) a uniform line charge pz = 20 mC/m on the axis: (c) a uniform surface charge density psc =120 Cm? on the plane z=—5 m @p= ee =—y,-—L, 4nR? 4nR* (-2))a. + (-3 —3)ay+ (6 (-6))az = day — Gay + 12a. (4a, — Gay + 12a:) = 6.38a,—9.57ay + 19.14a, Chm? (b)D = «oE = Sha, = ALR 2n Ry = (2 —x)ar — 3a, + 6a- Since the infinite line charge density is along x axis, the electric field £ at point P is having only y and z components present. Canceling x component due to symmetry, Ry = —3ay + 6a. Re = V45 p, = Rr, = 21 (3a, +60) = -212a, + 424a, Cin? 2nR? * 2x(Va5) )D= = & (c)D = e&E 5 BR The infinite surface change density is an infinite x-y plane located at 2 spread on that plane. Going back the formula, 5 and the charge isD = (ps/2)a. = (120/2) pa, = 60a. C/m? D3.3. Given the electric flux density, D = 0.3/2a, nC/m? in free space: (a) find E at point P(r = 2, = 25°, ¢ = 90°); (b) find the total charge within the sphere r = 3; (c) find the total electric flux leaving the sphere r = 4. (aE = Df = (0.3 « 10°'a eo = (0.3 x 10°(2)a Yo = 135.5a, Vin ()O = Fdeds = o3x10°a,{"[ = 0.3x10°(4ar*) = 0.3x10°(4n(3')) = 305 nC (c) Same procedure in (4), Y = Q = 1.210% = 1.2x10°n(4)* = 965 nC D3.4. Calculate the total electric flux leaving the cubical surface formed by the six planes x, y, z= +5 if the charge distribution is: (a) two point charges, 0.1 uC at (1, —2, 3) and 1/7 uC at 1, 2, -2); (6) a uniform line charge of x wC/m at x = -2, y = 3: (c) a uniform surface charge of 0.1 wC/m? on the plane y = 3x. (a) Both given charges are enclosed by the cubical volume according to Gauss’s law. Adding, Y = O1+Q> = 0.1 pC + (7) pC = 0.243 we (b) The line charge distribution passes through x = —2 and y = 3; it is parallel to z axis. The total length of that charge distribution enclosed by the given cubical volume is 10 units asz = +5. sin d0d¢ a, = 0.3«10°7*(4m77) Applying Gauss’s law of line charge, Y= ppl = w(10) pC = 31.4 pC (c) A straight line equation sses through the origin. We need to find the length of that line which is enclosed by the given volume. The length is moving up and down alongz axis as 2=45 toa forma plane. Putting y 5=3:x= 5/3 Finding the length of that line on the plane formed by positive x and y axes, JP 46RP = 59710(10.54) = 105.4 Applying Gauss’s law of surface charge, Y = psS = (0.1 wC)105.4 = 10.54 uC D3.5. A point charge of 0.25 uC is located at y= 0, and uniform surface charge densities are located as follows: 2 mC/m? at r= | em, and -0.6 mC/m? at r= 1.8 em, Calculate D at: (a) r= 0.5 em; (b) r= 1.5 em: (c) r= 2.5 em. (d) What uniform charge density should be established at r= 3 em to cause D=0 atr= 3.5 cm? Note: Always remember the radius 7 within the charge Q and charge density D are different. Assume them as rg) and 7m. O} Ps . pi- Big, - 025810" ggasi Annp? 4n(0.5x102) (b) Finding the second charge Q>, Q> = psS = ps(4nrop) = 2 * 103(4n(1 x 102) = 2.513 x 10°C , 2 642 6 p= QHGey — O25x10+2513x108 SL grr, uc Annn? 4n(1.5x102) (c) Finding the third charge Qs, Q3 = ps(4nr@’) = -0.6 x 10(4n(1.8 « 107) = 2.443 x 10°C p — LEGO, _ 0.25x10°+2.513x10°=2443%x10 | ay ec 4a, 4n(2.5x102)° , ? (0 -D= Qr+ Qo+Qi+ Qs _ Q+ s+ Ov ps Sy _ 0.3210" + psig” 5 ano; Anno? mips 0 = (0.32x10% +4 psayo?)a, 0.32 x 10° = Apsarne?= _032x10% _ 0.32108 PS amig? 43X10 D3.6. In free space, let D = 8xyzta, + 4x°z4a, + 16x°yza- pC/m’. (a) Find the total electric flux passing through the rectangular surface z= 2, 0 ) Find E at P(2,-1, 3). (c) Find an approximate value for the total charge contained in an incremental sphere located at P(2,—1, 3) and having a volume of 10? m3. (a) ¥ = FD+dS where dS = dx dya. = -28.3 nC/m? J fj Goze careta, +162 ya) daa, = fi [tee aeay = Pf ydy[ 162 ae = 27/2 C6x/3f. = [162*(4)(8/3) 2 = 1365 pC (b) E = Dfeo = [((8xvz4ay + 4x7z4ay + 16 = -146.4a-+ 146.4a,— 195.2a- Vim (c) Q = Charge enclosed in volume Av = Finding the partial derivatives of each term, OD.fOx = O(8xyz* ex = (Byz*)e-2,y- 12-3 = 648 aaxrz* er = 0 Alor yD Yee = (48x7V2)e-2,p-2-3 = O = (648 — 1728) x 10? Av = [(-648 — 1728) x 10 ? (10?) = 2.38 x 10°" D3.7. In each of the following parts, find a numerical value for diy D at the point specified: (a) D= (Qxyz— Jar + (072 — 2xy)ay +27ya-C/m’ at P4(2, 3, —1); (6) D = 2pz? sin? ¢ ay + pz? sin 26 ay + 2p’z sin? ¢ a:C/m? at Pa(p = 2, ¢ = 110°. -1); (c) D =2r sin @ cos ¢ a, +r cos 0 cos $ ao — resin @ agCim? at Pc(r= 1.5, 0 = 30°, d = 50°). (a) div D = aD,fax + 6D,/ay + 6D.fezFinding the partial derivatives of each term, aDfax = a aD,féey = Aez—2xy)fav = -2x ab.fdz = eyo =0 div D = (2yz—2x)e~2,y-3,2-.1 = -10 (div = L202), 1eDs > pep Finding the partial derivatives of each term, _ 1 aQp"2 sin’ g) 7} pp stash A pest) 6 cos DB, oping — AED p ob Cl a(2. 2 BD. _ Bp asi 8) _ (oa? sit? Pps saigrsni = 7.064 op 1 oD, =(42" sin? P)p2gt2-1 = 3.532 div D = 3.532 + (-1.532) + 7.064 = 9.06in OD, ) 1 ad, 1 arp, ), 1 Dd, ra “rsind & rsind og °D.) 1 Ar sind . 2D) _ 1 er sit cos) = (6sin cos Ph or FP a O(sneD) __ 1 O@sine (c) div D = 8 cosbD,) rsind 00 rsind Applying product rule of the derivative of sin @ cos 0, cosp (cos? O—sin? 0),-1.s0-20 ps0" = 0.643 ing 1 dCrang) = (- 008 of sin 9), =) 5, 950° 6-50 = —1.286 rsind op rsind Ceosgf sin Oss. ge div D = 1.928 + 0.643 — 1.286 = 1.29 D3.8. Determine an expression for the volume charge density associated with each D field: (a) -; (b) D=z sin @ a, +z cos day +p sin ¢ as (c) D=sin sin ¢ a+ cos sin $ ap + cos day. Note: The volume charge density p, is equal to div D. (a)OD.Jax = O(4xyfz Ay/z eD,Joy = & y= 6D.Joz = ve y/PYe = 4x py = Ayfz +4x2y/2 = (49/2 )C (6) Uf p)ApD, ep = UY p)e(pzsin g)/ (/p)eD,]09 = (I p)Azcos dep OD. dz = A(psing)/ez =0 py = (zsind)/p + (-zsind/p = 0(©) 0/1?) 602D, Ja = Afr) a0? sin Osin f)/Ar = (2sin Osin &/r (i/rsin0)e(sindD, 60 = (ifr sin9)0(sind cos sind ¥00 = (sing/rsin 0)(cos? 0—sin? 0) D3.9. Given the field D = 6p sin (1/2)4 a) + 1.5p cos (1/2) ay C/m?, evaluate both sides of the divergence theorem for the region bounded byp = 2, 6=0,¢=,2 = 0,andz=5. Using the divergence theorem with the formula: D-dS, G, D+ dS = F (psin(y/2)a, + LSpeos(d/2)as + (p dg dew, —dp dea») = f, 6psin(d]2) p dd dz — 4. 1. Speos(d]2) dp dz = [ff 6rsin@l2ypagaz ~ [°f'1.Speos(of2)dp dz = 6p f'sinY/2)d@f, dz — (1.Seos(¢/2)|° p do, dz 2i(-2eoe/)( +E) ~ 0-Seosa( 28) Since the second surface lies at ¢ = 0°, = 24(2\(5)—(1.Scosd/2K2\(5) = 240-15 = 225 Using another divergence theorem with the formula: [A * D dv but solving first the V + D, VeD = divD = (/p)apD,)/ ep ~ A) p)eD,/09 + ED.= (ip) Op" sind/2)/ep + A/p)A0.Spcos g/2)/a¢ +0 2sing/2 + (-1.5/2)sin g/2 = 11.25sing/2 Juve Da = Jf a t.2ssind/2)p dpdgdz = 11.25§. p dp (sing/2) dbf dz = 11.25(*/2f,)(-2e0s¢/2f, )(-L) = 11.25(2)(2)(5) = 225 eae D4.1. Given the electric field E = (1/2°)(8xyzay + 4x°zay — 4x°ya:) V/m, find the differential amount of work done in moving a 6-nC charge a distance of 2 jum, starting at P(2, -2, 3) and proceeding in the direction ay = (a) —6/7ay + 3/Tay+ 2/Taz; (6) 6/Tax — 3/Tay — 2/Taz: (c) 3/Tay + 6/Tay. (a) dW = -OE* db Finding first the differential length dL, dL, = aye dl = (617A, + 3/Tay + 2/72 * 10°) = (-12/7a, + 6/7ay+ 4/7a.\(1 * 10°) (6 * 10 \(1/?)(8xy2 L a 12ilag + 6fTay+ A770; yl x 10%) 6 «10 "[( (16/77 y)]e~2, p--2,2-3 = -6 x 10 5(224/9) = -149.3 19 (b) Same procedure in (a), dL = (12/7ac —6/7Tay+ 4/7a-\(1 x 10%) dW = ~(6~ 10 \(V/2)(Sxvzax + 4x7zay — 4x7ya.) + (12/Tax - = 6 «10 [(1/7)((96/T)xyz — (24/T)x7z — (16/77 yy] =2. = 149.3 (©) Same procedure in (a) and (b), dL = (6/Tac+ 12/7ay + Oa-\(1 x 10°) dW = ~(6* 10 °\(1/7)(8xyzay + 4x7zay — 6 = 10 [V/A \(48/7 yz + (48/ =0 ya) + (6/7ax + 12/7ay + Oa-)(1 * 10°) 6* 10 (0)14.2. Calculate the work done in moving a 4-C charge from BU, 0, 0) to A(0, 2, 0) along the path y=2-2x,z=0 in the field E = (a) 5a, V/m: (4) Sxay V/m; (c) Sxay + Syay V/m. (a) W = -O[ E+ dL where dL = dv ac +dy ay +dza- a q 0 ° = ~4[" (Sa, +0a, + 0a.) + (dra, +dva, +dza) = -4[’5 dx = 20x) = 20-1) = 20] (b) Same procedure in (a), w= ~4f? 5x dx = -20(c/2]) = -20(-0.5) = 105 (c) Same procedure in (a) and (6), (0.2 ( 2) W = 4] x de+5y dy) = 9 | = -20(1.5) = -305 10) D4.3. We will sce later that a time-varying E field need not be conservative. (If it is not conservative, the work expressed by equation: W=—Q finitai E+ dL may be a function of the path used.) Let E = ya, V/m at a certain instant of time, and calculate the work required to move a 3-C charge from (1, 3, 5) to (2, 0, 3) along the straight-line segments joining: (a) (1, 3, 5) to (2, 3, 5) to (2, 0, 5) to (2, 0, 3); (b) (1, 2, 5) to (1, 3, 3) to (1, 0, 3) to (2, 0, 3).(a) Use the formula in D4.2 (a). One differential unit vector of each line segments is used. For segment (1, 3, 5) to (2, 3, 5), w= 3) (va, +0a, +0a,) + dea, = -3y fae = -3y(af) = -99 For segment (2, 3, 5) to (2, 0, 5), Ws = 3h (ra. +0a, +0a.)*dya, = 0 For segment (2, 0. 5) to (2, 0, 3), 3) (va, +0a,+0a.)+dza. = 0 Adding the total work, W = W+ W2+ Wy = -97 (b) Same procedure in (a). For segment (1, 2, 5) to (1, 3, 3), iy = yf 'de = Both W2 and W; are zeroes no matter what the line segments are. So adding the total work, W#=0. D4.4. An electric field is expressed in rectangular coordinates by E = 6x7a, + 6ya, + 4a. V/m. Find: (a) Vu if points M and N are specified by M(2, 6, —1) and N(-3, -3, 2); (b) Viv if V = 0 at O(4, -2, -35); (c) Vw if V= 2 at P(1, 2,4). (a) Yuy = -f' Beat = -f* "Gx d+ 6y dy-+4d2) = -(2x° +3)? +42)| K2.6.1) = ~(70+81-12) = -139V (26-1) = +-112+96+136) = -120V r a # 2 (b) Fug = [Ed = 27433 +42) = Vu-Vo Vuo+ Vo = -120V+0 = -120V = Ox +3y' +42 29? = 56415424) = 17 hu2.ayVy = Vap+Vp = 17V42V = 19V D4.5. A 15-nC point charge is at the origin in free space. Calculate 1 if point P1 is located at P\(-2, 3, -1) and (a) V=0 at (6,5, 4); (6) V= Oat infinity; (c) V=5 V at (2,0, 4) (a) Assume that second point is 4. Applying the potential difference Vin, or Vn in the problem, O;l | Foe - B11 4 Geese za Rp = (ayr+ +c = V4 Ru =V64944 = V7 15x10? (_1 1} Veu = a+ = 20.67 V Anco \fl4 Ta) Veu = Ve—Vur Zp = Vow + Vir = 20.67 V +0 = 20.67V (b) Same procedure in (a), Rp = Via Ru = © i Ving = BO =36V Anco 12Vp = Vout Vir = 36V +0 = 36V (c) Same procedure in (a) and (4), Rp = — Ru = V2? + 15x10” te ate vp = = 589 V Ve = Vew+ Var = 5.89 A aE ) V = 10.89 V 04.6. If we take the zero reference for potential at infinity, find the potential at (0, 0, 2) caused by this charge configuration in free space (a) 12 nC/m on the line p = 2.5 m, 2 = 0; () point charge of 18 nC at (1, 2,-1); (c) 12 nC/m on the line y = 2.5, == 0,-1.0 0) is characterized by c = 2. Let D) = 30a, + 50a, + 70a- nC/m? and find: (a) Di: (b) Da; (ce) Du; (d) Di; (e) A; () Pi. (a) Since the Region | affects the z axis, only D- is referred.Dy = Diz = V7? nC/m* = 70 nC/m? (b) While the normal component Dy refers to the mentioned region where it locates, then the rest which does not affect the region is Dn. Du = Di—Dui = [(-30a, + 50a, + 70a.) — 70a] nC/m? = 30a, + 50ay nC/m? (Da = ¥C30¥ +50 = 58.31 nC/mn? (d) Dy = (309 +50 +70? = 91.1 nC/m* (e) Dy = Dicos A = cos! DyifD, = cos! (70x10°/91.1x10°) = 39.8° (AD) = eE; +P) where D = coc E Py = Di—coE) = Dill — (1/en)) = (30a, + 50a, + 70a-)(1 — (1/3.2)) nC/m? = -20.6a. + 34.4a, + 48. la- nC/m* D5.10. Continue Problem D5.9 by finding: (a) Dao: (b) Da; (c) D2; (d) Po; (e) 02. (a) Dui = Daz = 70a. nC/m* (4) Du is not equal to D2 because of their relative permittivity ¢, b,/D, Do = enlen Dyeafen = (30a, + 50a,)2]/ 3.2 nC/m? = -18.75a, + 31.25a, nC/me(c) Dy is not equal to Dz because Dz is the cause of the refraction D2 = D2 +Dy2 = ~18.75a, + 31.25ay + 70a. nC/m? (d) Py = Do(1 — (Ife) = (-18.75ay + 31.25a, + 70a)(1 — (1/2))nC/m? = ~9.38a, + 15.63a) + 35a. nC/m? (e) tan (i/tan 02 = enfer O> = tan! [(é2 tan AYen) = tan | [(2 tan 39.8°)/ 3.2] = 27.5° Prepared by @kimonbalu © Dee 2014