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1. Charka Sutra sthana 2024_948b54c8-77fe-4ad6-ab18-d55911e6994d
1. Charka Sutra sthana 2024_948b54c8-77fe-4ad6-ab18-d55911e6994d
1. Charka Sutra sthana 2024_948b54c8-77fe-4ad6-ab18-d55911e6994d
^^ pjd lafgrk **
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=co.bolton.rwodx
Download Ayurveda Pg preparation App
By- Dr. Narendra Singh Lodhi (M.D.) 1
Jh x.ks'kk; ue% **pjd lafgrk** t; egkdky
➢ mins"Vk (Expounder) & iquoZlq vk=s; & 1000 bZ- iwoZ ¼mifu"kn dky½
➢ rU=drkZ (Author) & vfXuos'k & 1000 bZ- iwoZ- ¼mifu"kn dky½
➢ izfrlaLdrkZ (Redactor) & pjd & 200 bZ- iwoZ- ¼'kqaxdky½
➢ lEiwjd (Supplimentater) & n`<cy & 4 'krh ¼xqIrdky½
▪ vk=s; ds mins’kksa dks ra=:i esa fufc) djus ds dkj.k vfXuos’k ^ra=drkZ* gSA
▪ vfXuos’k ra= dk Hkk";kRed izfrlaLdkj djus ds dkj.k pjd ^Hkk";dkj* gSaA
▪ pjd ^vfXuos’k ra=* ds izfrlaLdrkZ vkSj n`<cy ^pjd lafgrk* ds lEiwjd gSaA
fo"k; foospu
1- lw= LFkku 30 v/;k; 1952
2- funku LFkku 8 ** 247
3- foeku LFkku 8 ** 354
4- 'kkjhj LFkku 8 ** 382
5- bfUnz; LFkku 12 ** 378
6- fpfdRlk LFkku 30 ** 4904
7- dYi LFkku 12 ** 378
8- flf) LFkku 12 ** 700
dqy 8 LFkku 120 v/;k; 9295 lw=
▪ dqy vkS"k/k ;ksx & 1950 & blesa ls 1600 ;ksx fpfdRlk LFkku esa of.kZr gSA
▪ dqy 'yksd & 12000 & ;L; }kn'k lkgL=h âfn fr"Bfr lafgrkA ¼p- fl- 12@52½
pjdlafgrk ij dqy Vhdk,a ¾ 43 ¼17 laLd`r Vhdk,a & buesa ls 6 miyC/k gSA½
Vhdk Vhdkdkj dky
1- pjd U;kl ¼izFke Vhdk½ Hkêkj gfj'pUnz 6 oha 'krh ¼lw=LFkku 3 v/;k; rd½
2- pjd iaftdk Lokfe dqekj 7 **
3- fujUrj in O;k[;k tsTtV 9 **
4- U;kl ve`rizHk 9 **
5- pjd okfÙkZd {khjLokehnÙk 9 **
6- ifjgkj okfÙkZd vk"kk<+oekZ 9 **
7- o`gRrU= iznhi ujnRr 10 **
8- pjd pfUnzdk x;nkl 11 **
9- pjd Hkk"; Jhd`".k oS| 11 **
10- vk;qosZn nhfidk pØikf.k 11 ** ¼lu~ 1075½
11- pjd rRo iznhfidk f'konkl lsu 16 ** ¼15 oha 'krh ds var es½a
12- pjd izdk'k dkSLrqHk ujflag dfojkt 17 **
13- pjdksiLdkj ;ksfxUnzukFk lsu 19 **
14- tYidYir: xaxk/kj jk; 19 **
15- pjd iznhfidk T;ksfr"k pUnz ljLorh 20 **
2
&% fgUnh Vhdkdkj %&
1- Jhd`".kyky
2- t;nso fo|kyadkj d`r
3- vf=nso fo|kyadkj d`r
4- czãkuUn f=ikBh d`r & pjd pfUnzdk Vhdk
5- jfonÙk f=ikBh d`r & oS| euksjek
6- MkW- dk'khukFk ikaMs ,oa xksj[k ukFk 'kkL=h & lfoe’kZ ^fo|ksruh* fgUnh O;k[;kA
&% vuqokn %&
1- pjd lafgrk dk vjch vuqokn 8 oha 'krkCnh esa ^’kjd bf.M;kul* uke ls gqvkA
2- vaxzsth vuqokn loZizFke dfojRu vfouk'kpUnz us 1891&99 esa dydÙkk ls izdkf'kr fd;kA
3- vaxszth vuqokn 6 laLdj.kksa esa MkW- izk.kthou esgrk us lu~ 1949 esa tkeuxj ls izdkf'kr fd;kA
4- fgUnh Hkk"kk esa izFke vuqokn ia- Tokyk izlkn us ykgkSj ls fd;kA
5- rSyxw O;k[;k fo’oukFk 'kkL=h us ^dkSeqnh* uke ls dhA
Hkj}kt %& Hkj}kt us bUæ ls Kku izkIr fd;k FkkA Hkj}kt ds firk o`gLifr vkSj ekrk dk uke eerk FkkA
1- pjd lafgrk esa Hkj}kt dks riLoh _f"kZ gksus ds dkj.k ^mxzrik* uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k x;k gSA
2- Hkj}kt dks ^vferk;q* Hkh dgrs gSA
pjd %&
1- pjd dk okLrfod uke *dfi"By pjd* FkkA
2- pjd *fo'kq)* ds iq= FksA
3- ^egf"kZ oS'kEik;u* ds f'k"; FksA
4- pjd dq"kk.koa’kh; ^jktk dfu"d* ds jktoS| FksA
5- Hkkoizdk'k ds vuqlkj pjd *'ks"kukx ds vorkj* rFkk ;k;koj dksVh ds _f"k FksA
_f"kZ 2 izdkj & 1- 'kkyhu ¼dqVh esa jgus okys½ 2- ;k;koj ¼?kwefQj dj Kku vftZr djus okyss½
6- pjd dk fuokl LFkku iapun izkUr esa bjkorh ,oa pUnzHkkxk ufn;ksa ds chp fLFkr *dfiLFky* xzke esa FkkA
7- d`".k;tqZosn dh ,d 'kk[kk dk uke Hkh *pjd* gS vkSj bl lEiznk; ds yksx Hkh pjd dgykrs FksA
n`<cy %&
1- ;g dfiycyh ds iq= FksA
2- bUgksus pjd lafgrk ds 120 v/;k;ksa esa ls 41 v/;k; ¼fpfdRlk ds 17] dYi 12] flf) 12½ fy[ks gSA
3- fpfdRlk LFkku ds jlk;u] ckthdj.k] enk;R;
$ Toj] jäfiÙk] xqaYe] izesg] dq"B] jkt;{ek] v'kZ] vfrlkj
$ f}o.kzh] foliZ
3
v/;k;ksa dks NksMdj 'ks"k lHkh 17 v/;k; n`<cy us fy[ks gSA
&% pjd lafgrk %&
1- dfojkt xaxk/kj jk;W ¼19 oha 'krh½ us pjd lafgrk dh ^tYidYir:* Vhdk ds izkjEHk esa pjd lafgrk dks
^^vf[ky ’kkL=fo|kdYinzqe** dgk gSA ;Fkk & ^t;R;lkS lks·f[ky’kkL=fo|kdYinzqe% loZQyksn;Rokr~*A
2- pjd lafgrk esa mRrj ra= 'kkfey Fkk & ,slk f’konkl lsu dk dFku gSA
3- pØznÙk ij jfpr fu’pydj dhs ^jRuizHkk* Vhdk esa pjdksÙkj ra= rFkk pjd ifjf’k"V dks mn/k`r fd;k x;k gSaA
4- o`g=;h esa pjd lafgrk ^ew/kZU;* vFkkZr f’kj ds leku ekuh x;h gSA
5- vkpk;Z pjd ds vuqlkj ;wukuh fpfdRlk ds izFke oS| ^dakdk;u* FksA
6- pØikf.k caxky ds ^yks/kzcyh* dqy esa mRiUUk gq;s FksA
&% pjd lafgrk dh fo'ks"krk, %&
1- pjd lafgrk dh 'kSyh ,oa Hkk"kk mifu"kndkyhu gSA pjd esa mifu"kn 'kCn vk;k gS
2- vfXuos’k us ek.MwD; mifu"kn~ esa mYYksf[kr czã prq"ikn fl)kUr dks ekuk gSA
¼prq"ikn fl)kUr & 1- oS’okuj 2- rStl 3- izkK 4- rqjh; & ;s 4 ikn czã ds dgs x;s gSA½
n’kZu xzUFkksa esa eu dh pkj voLFkkvksa dk o.kZu gSA & 1- tkxzr 2- lq"kqfIRk 3- LoIu 4- rqjh;
3- pdjlafgrk esa oS| dh r`rh;ktkfr] iapegkHkwr] lIr/kkrq fl)kUr ;s lHkh mifu"kndkyhu ekus tkrs gSA
¼oS| dh r`rh;ktkfr %& 1- xHkZ esa tUe 2- izlo ds i’pkr~ tUe 3- e`R;q ds i’pkr iquZtUe½
4- vfXuos'kra= & lw=] laxzg rFkk Hkk"; ds Øe esa ifj.kr gksdj pjdlafgrk ds :i esa fo|eku gSA
n`<cy us vfXuos'kd`r xzUFk ds fy, ^ra=* vkSj pjdd`r izfrlaLdj.k ds fy, ^lafgrk* 'kCn iz;ksx fd;k gSA
5- vfXuos'k ra= laaHkor% lkSJqr ra= ds ckn dk gS ,oa blesa /kUoUrfj laiznk; dk mYys[k Hkh feyrk gSA
6- pjd lafgrk esa 14 ns'k ,oa 68 vkpk;Z ¼okâohd dk egRoiw.kZ mYys[k½ dk o.kZu feyrk gSA
7- pjdlafgrk 4 lw=ksa & xq:lw=] f'k";lw=] izfrlaLdrkZ lw= ,oa ,dh; lw= esa fo"k; oLrq foHkDr gSA
xq:lw= & ,dks·fi áusdka laKka yHkrs dk;kZUrjkf.k dqoZu~
f'k";lw= & uSrkfu Hkxou~ iapd"kk;rkfu iw;Zurs rkfu rkfu áokxkafu lEIyoUrs rs"kq rs"kq d"kk;sf"ofr
izfrlaLdrkZ lw= & reqokp Hkxokuk=s;%
,dh; lw= & vkRet% iq:"kks jksxk’pkRetk% dkj.ka fg l% bR;kfn
8- HkS"kT; dYiuk dk O;fLFkr ,oa oSKkfud fooj.k pjd lafgrk es gSA
9- ^vkpk;Z jlk;u* pjd dh ekSfyd nsu gSA
10- ckS) lEEkr ^LoHkkoksijeokn* izkd`frd fpfdRlk dk ewy gSaA ¼p- lw- 16@27½
11- pjd us xzgfpfdRlk dks ^mHk;kfHkIyqrk* dgk gSaA
12- lIr prq"d ds :i esa lw= LFkku dk o.kZu fd;k gSA ¼BSNL KRiYA½
1- HkS"kt@vkS"k/k prq"d
2- LokLF; prq"d
3- funsZ'k prq"d
4- dYiuk prq"d
5- jksx prq"d
6- ;kstuk prq"d
7- vUuiku prq"d $ 2 lax
a zg}; v/;k; ¼n’kizk.kk;ru] vFkZsn’kegkewyh; v/;k;½
13- pjd lafgrk es dqy 7 LFkkuksa ij laHkk"kk ifj"kn dk mYys[k feyrk gSA
¼1½ lw=LFkku esa & 4 ¼2½ 'kkjhjLFkku esa & 2 ¼3½ flf)LFkku esa & 1
1- nh?kZTthforh; ¼lw=LFkku 1 v/;k;½ & Hkwyksd esa vk;qosZnkorj.k ij fopkj
2- okrdykdyh; ¼lw=LFkku 12 v/;k;½ & nks"k fofu'p;kFkZ
3- ;Tt%iq:"kh; ¼lw=LFkku 25 v/;k;½ & iq:"k Hkko fofu'p;kFkZ
4- vk=s;HknzdkI;h; ¼lw=LFkku 26 v/;k;½ & jl la[;k fofu'Pk;kFkZ
5- xHkkZoØkfUr 'kkjhj ¼’kkjhjLFkku 3 v/;k;½ & xHkZ dk eklkuqekfld o`f)
6- 'kjhjfop; 'kkjhj ¼’kkjhjLFkku 6 v/;k;½ & xHkZ esa izFke vax fuekZ.k fo"k;d
7- Qyek=k flf) ¼flf)LFkku 11 v/;k;½ & QyofLr flf) fo"k;d
15- pjd Dyc %& **pjd Dyc** dh LFkkiuk 1898 esa U;w;kdZ esa izks- vkWlyj }kjk gqbZ gSA 4
▪ Jh x.ks'kk; ue% **pjd lafgrk lw=LFkku** t; egkdky
Shyam-Vidya Ayurved P.G. Entrance Coaching Center, Bhopal (M.P.)
By- Dr. N. S. Lodhi (M.D.) Mob. 09300961664, 09993961427
1- nh?kZthforh; v/;k;
^lw=LFkku* ¾ 'yksdLFkku* Hkh dgk tkrk gSA ¼p- lw- 30@34½
izFke lw= & vFkkrks nh?kZ×thforh;e/;k;a O;k[;kL;ke%A ¼p- lw- 1@1½ ¼vFk 'kCn dk vFkZ Ekaxylwpd gksrk gS½
bl lw= esa 1- vFk 2- vr% 3- nh?kZ 4- thforh;a 5- v/;k;a 6- fo 7- vk 8- [;kL;ke%A & ;s 8 ekaxfyd in gSA
bfr g Lekg Hkxokuk=s;%A ¼p- lw- 1@2½ & f}rh; 'yksd esa mins"Vk dk ifjp; fn;k gSA
nh?kZ×thforh;efUoPNu~ Hkj}kTk mikxer~A bUnzeqxrz ik cq)k 'kj.;eejs’oje~ ¼p- lw- 1@2½
¼1½ nh?kZ thou dh bPNk j[krs gq, Hkj}kt ¼mxzrik½ nsojkt bUæ ds ikl Kku izkIr djus ds fy, x,A
pjd lafgrk vuqlkj vk;qosZnkorj.k & czãk → n{k iztkifr → vf'ouh}; → bUæ → Hkj}ktA
¼2½ czãk] n{kiztkifr] vf'ouh dqekj] bUæ & vk;qosZn'kkL= ds pkj nso mins'kd vkpk;Z dgykrs gSA
laHkk"kk ifj"kn & fo"k; & vk;qosZnkorj.k
LFkku & fgeky; ¼lesrk% iq.;dekZ.k% ik'osZ% fgeor% 'kqHks & p- lw- 1@7½
_f"kZ la[;k & 53 ¼vfxajk tenfXu’p ofl"B% d’;iks Hk`xq% & p- lw- 1@9&14½
vkjksX; & /kekZFkZdkeeks{kk.kkekjksX;a ewyeqÙkee~A ¼p- lw- 1@15½
vkjksX; /keZ] vFkZ] dke vkSj eks{k bu pkj iq:"kkFkksZ dh izkfIr dk iz/kku lk/ku gSA
bUæ ds i;kZ; & ¼1½ lglzk{k ¼2½ 'kphifr ¼3½ 'kØ ¼4½ cygUrkj ¼5½ lqjs'oje~ ¼6½ 'krØrqA
f=lw=@f=LdU/k & gsrqfyaxkS"k/kKkua LoLFkkrqjijk;.ke~A f=lw=a 'kk'ora iq.;a cqcq/ks ;a firkeg%AA ¼p- lw- 1@24] 25½
¼LdU/k=; & gsrq] nks"k] nzO;½
"kV~inkFkZ dk Øe & lkekU;] fo'ks"k] xq.k] æO; deZ] leok;A & ¼pjd½A
æO;] xq.k] deZ] lkekU;] fo'ks"k] leok;A & ¼oS'ksf"kd n'kZu½A
vk=s; ds f'k"; & ¼6½ & vfXuos'k] ijk'kj] trwd.kZ] gkjhr] Hksy vkSj {kkjikf.kA ¼v ijk ftr gS Hksy {kkj½
vfXuos'k & cq)sfoZ'ks"kLr=klhUuksins'kkUrja equs%A rU=L; drkZ izFkeefXuos'kks ;rks·HkoRk~A ¼p- lw- 1@32½
vk=s; ds lHkh f’k";ksa esa ls vfXuos'k izFke rU=drkZ gq,A
vfXuos'k vkfn _f"k;ksa esa cqf)] flf)] es/kk] /k`fr] Le`fr] {kek] n;k] dhfrZ :i 8 Kku nsorkvksa us izos'k fd;kA
vk;q ds izdkj & 4 & ¼1½ fgrk;q ¼2½ vfgrk;q ¼3½ lq[kk;q ¼4½ nq%[kk;qA
^vk;q* & ^'kjhjsfUæ; lRokRela;ksxks /kkfj thfore~A fuR;x'pkuqcU/k'p i;kZ;Sjk;q:P;rsAA ¼p-lw- 1@42½
vk;q & 'kjhj $ bfUæ; $ lRo $ vkRek ds la;ksx dks vk;q dgrs gSaA
vk;q ds i;kZ; & /kkfj] thfore~] fuR;x] vuqcU/kA $ psrukuqo`fÙk ¼p- lw- 30@22½A
¿dky ds 2 Hksn &1- fuR;x 2- vkofLFkd & dkyks fg fuR;x'pkofLFkd'pA p- fo- 1@21À
¿nks"kksa ds 2 Hksn &1- vuqcU/; 2- vuqcU/k & vuqcU/;kuqcU/kfo’ks"kd`rLrq cgqfo/kks nks"k%Hksn%A p- fo- 6@11À
^rL; vk;q"k% iq.;reks osnks osnfonka er%A ¼p-lw- 1@43½ & vkpk;Z pjdkuqlkj lHkh osnksa esa vk;qosZn iq.;re osn gSA 5
lkekU; fo'ks"k %& loZnk loZHkkouka lkekU; o`f)dkj.ke~A âklgsrq% fo'ks"k'p izo`fÙk:Hk;L; rqAA ¼p-lw- 1@44½
lkekU; & lnk lHkh Hkkoksa dh o`f) djus okykA fo'ks"k & lHkh Hkkoksa dk âkl djus okykA
lkekU;esdRodja fo'ks"kLrq i`FkDRoÑrA rqY;kFkZrk fg lkekU;a] fo'ks"kLrq foi;Z;%AA ¼p-lw- 1@45½
izdkj & pØikf.k ¼3½ & æo lkekU;] xq.k lkekU;] deZ lkekU;] & æo fo'ks"k] xq.k fo'ks"k] deZ fo'ks"kA
U;k; n'kZu¼2½ & ij lkekU;] vij lkekU;A
f=n.M & ^lRokekRek 'kjhja p =;esrr~ f=n.Mor~A yksdfLr"Bfr la;ksxkÙk= loZ izfrf"Be~A ¼p-lw- 1@46½*
f=n.M & lRo $ vkRek $ 'kjhjA vk;qosZn dk vf/kdj.k & lRo] vkRek] 'kjhj ;ä psru ¼la;ksxiq:"k½A
xq.k & ^lkFkkZ xqokZn;ks cqf)% iz;RukUrk% ijkn;%A xq.kk% izksäk%& ¼p-lw- 1@49½
pjdksDr 41 xq.k %& bfUæ; xq.k ¼oS’ksf"kd@fof’k"V xq.k½ & 5
xqokZfn xq.k ¼fpfdRlh; xq.k@'kkjhj xq.k½ & 20
vkRe xq.k ¼v/;kfRed xq.k@lkfRod xq.k½ & 6
ijkfn xq.k ¼fpfdRlk flf) ds mik; xq.k½ & 10
xq.k & leok;h rq fu'ps"V% dkj.ka xq.k%A ¼p- lw- 1@51½ 1- xq.kk'p xq.kkUrjekjHkUrsA ¼oS'ksf"kd n'kZu½A
xq.k la[;k & pjd & 41] ;ksxhUnzukFklsu & 42
¼;ksxhUnzukFklsu us pjdksDr 41 $ eu dks vkRe xq.k ¼7½ esa ’kkfey dj xq.k 42 ekus gSA½
U;k; & 24 oS'ksf"kd & 17
xq.k foHkktu %& vkpk;Z pØikf.k us xq.k dks 3 rhu Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr fd;k gSA
1- lkekU; xq.k & ¼30½ & xqokZfn ,oa ijkfn xq.k ¼iapegkHkwrksa esa lkekU;r% gksus ds dkj.k½
2- fo'kSf"kd xq.k & ¼5½ & bfUæ; xq.k ¼fo’ks"k :Ik ls bfUnz;ksa esa jgus ds dkj.k½
3- vkRe xq.k & ¼6½ & vkRe xq.k ¼vkRe ls laca/k gksus ds dkj.k ^v/;kfRed xq.k* Hkh dgrs gS½
æO; & ;=kfJrk% deZxq.kk% dkj.ka leokf; ;r~A rn~ æO;a & ¼p- lw- 1@51½
nzO; og gS ftlesa deZ vkSj xq.k vkfJr jgrs gS] vkSj tks vius dk;Z nzO;ksa dk leokf;dkj.k gksrk gSA
nzO; y{k.kUrq fØ;kxq.kor~ leokf;dkj.ka bfrA ¼lq- lw- 40@3½
æO; & ^[kknhU;kRek eu% dkyks fnx'p æO;alxzg%A lsfUæ; psrua æO;a] fufjfUæ;epsrue~AA ¼p-lw- 1@48½
æO; la[;k & 9 & iapegkHkwr] eu] vkRek] fn'kk] dky & dkj.kæO;A
æO; izdkj & 2 & 1- lsfUæ; ¼psru æO;½] 2- fufjfUæ; ¼vpsruæO;½ & dk;ZæO;A
æO; ds Hksn & 3 & ¼1½ nks"kiz'keu ¼2½ /kkrqinz w"k.k ¼3½ LoLFkfgrdjA
deZ & ^iz;Rukfn deZ psf"VreqP;rsA ¼p-lw- 1@49½ & iz;Ru }kjk dh xbZ ps"Vk deZ dykrh gSA
izdkj & 5 & ¼oS'ksf"kd n'kZu½ & mR{ksi.k] vo{ksi.k] vkdqUpu] izlkj.k rFkk xeuA
pjd & 3 ,oa 5 & n`"Va fg f=fo/ka deZ ghua e/;eeqÙkee~A ¼p- fo- 3@31½
deZ i×pfoa/k eqäa oeukfnA ¼p- lw- 26@10½
leok; &^leok;ks·i`FkXHkkoks HkwE;knhuka xq.kS% er%A l fuR;ks ;= fg æO; u r=kfu;rks xq.k%AA ¼p-lw- 1@50½
^i`Foh* vkfn æO;ksa dk vius xq.kksa ds lkFk vi`FkXHkko gksuk leok; gSA mnk- i`Foh esa xa/k] ty esa 'khryrk]
vfXu esa m".krkA ;g fuR; gSA v™kEHkê ds erkuqlkj & fuR; lEcU/k leok;% & ¼rdZ laxzg½
?kVknhuka dikyknkS nzO;s"kq xq.kdeZ.kkS%A rs"kq tkrsÜp lEcU/k% leok;% izdhfrZr%AA ¼dfjdkoyh½
deZ & la;ksxs p foHkkxs p dkj.ka æO;ekfJre~A drZO;L; fØ;k deZ] deZ ukU;nis{krsAA ¼p-lw- 1@52½
vk;qosZn ¼ra=½ dk iz;kstu & bR;qDra dkj.ka dk;Z /kkrqlkE;fegksP;rsA /kkrqlkE;fØ;k pksDrk ra=L;kL; iz;kstue~A 6
jksxksa ds f=fo/k gsrq & dky cq)hfUæ;kFkkZuka ;ksxks feF;k u pkfr pA };kJ;k.kka O;k/khuka f=fo/kks gsrqlaxzg%AA
jksxksa ds rhu dkj.k & dky] cqf)] bfUæ;kFkZ dk feF;k] ghu] vfr;ksx gksukA
vkjksX; dk dkj.k & dky] cqf)] bfUæ;kFkZ dk lE;d~ ;ksx gksukA
jksx vkSj vkjksX; ds vkJ; & 2 & 'kjhja lRolKa p O;kf/kuke~ vkJ;kser%A rFkk lq[kkukaA ¼p- lw- 1@55½
jksx vkSj vkjksX; ds vkJ; & 'kjhj vkSj eu gSA
¼osnuk dk vkJ; %& 'kjhj] eu] vkSj bfUnz;kW & osnuk dk vf/k"Bku gSA & p- 'kk- 1@36½
vkRek & fufoZdkj% ijLRokRek lRoHkwrxq.ksfUæ;S%A pSrU;s dkj.ka fuR;ks æ"Vk i';fr fg fØ;k%AA ¼p- lw- 1@56½
fufoZdkj% ijLRokRek loZHkwrkuka fufoZ'ks"k%A lRo'kjhj;ks'p fo'ks"kkn~ fo'ks"kksiyfC/k%AA ¼p- 'kk- 4@33½
'kkjhfjd nks"k %& 3 & 1- ok;q% fiÙka dQ'pksDr% 'kkjhjks nks"k laxzg%A ¼p- lw- 1@57½
2- okr fiÙk 'ys"ek.k ,o nsg lEHko gsro%A ¼lq- lw- 21@2½
3- ok;q% fiÙka dQ'psfr =;ks nks"kk leklr%A ¼v-â-lw- 1@6½
'kkjhfjd nks"k rhu gS & okr] fiÙk vkSj dQA
ekufld nks"k %& 2& ekul% iqu:fí"Vks jt'p re ,o pA ekufld nks"k 2 gS & jt] re & buesa jt iz/kku gSA
fpfdRlk lw= & 'kkjhfjd nks"k & nSoO;ikJ;] ;qfäO;kiJ; fpfdRlkA ¼iz'kkE;R;kS"k/kS% iwoksZ nSo;qfäO;kiJ;S%½
ekufld nks"k & Kku] foKku] /kS;Z] Le`fr] lekf/kA ¼ekulks KkufoKku/kS;ZLe`frlekf/kfHk%½
okr ds xq.k %& 7 & :{k% 'khrks y?kq% lw{e'pyks·Fk fo'kn% [kj%A ¼p- lw- 1@59½
fiÙk ds xq.k %& 7 & lLusgeq".ka rh{.ka p æoeEya lja dVqA ¼p- lw- 1@60½
dQ ds xq.k %& 7 & xq: 'khr e`nq fLuX/k e/kqj fLFkj fifPNyk%A ¼p- lw- 1@61½
okr] dQ nks"k ds xq.kksa esa 1 xq.k leku gS & 'khrA
vlk/; jksx& lk/kua u Rolk/;kuka O;k/khukeqifn';rsA vlk/; jksxksa dh fpfdRlk djus dk mins'k ugha fn;k tkrk gSa
jl & jlukFkksZ jl% nzO;eki% f{kfrLrFkkA fuoZ`rkS p] fo'ks"ks p izR;;k% [kkn;L=;%AA ¼p- lw- 1@64½
ftâ~ok ds vFkZ ¼xzká fo"k;½ dks jl dgrs gSaA
1- jl dh fuo`ZfÙk ¼vfHkO;fDr½ esa dkj.k æO; & ty vkSj i`FohA
2- jl ds fo’ks"k Kku esa dkj.k æO; & ok;q] vkdk'k vkSj vfXuA
"kM~jl %& ¼1½ Loknq ¼2½ vEy ¼3½ yo.k ¼4½ dVqd ¼5½ frä ¼6½ d"kk;
• v"Vkax ân;dkj us dVq jl ds fy, ^Å"k.k* vkSj yo.k jl ds fy, ^iVq* 'kCn dk iz;ksx fd;k gSA
nks"k jl nks"k jl
okr izdksid dVq] frä] d"kk; okr'kked yo.k] vEy] e/kqj
fiÙk izdksid dVq] vEy] yo.k fiÙk'kked frä] e/kqj] d"kk;
dQ izdksid e/kqj] vEy] yo.k dQ'kked dVq] frä] d"kk;
æO; oxhZdj.k & ^fdfUpr~ nks"kiz'keua fdfUpr~ /kkrqizn"w k.ke~A LoLFko`ÙkkS era fdfUpr~ f=fo/ka æO;eqP;rsAA
izHkko Hksn ls & 3 & ¼1½ nks"kiz'keu ¼2½ /kkrqinz w"k.k ¼3½ LoLFkfgrdjA 7
mRifÙk Hksn ls & 3 &
1- tkaxe & pjd us tkaxe nzO;ksa ds e/kq] xksjl] fiÙk] olk] eTtk] jä] ekal] foM~] ew=] peZ] jsr] vfLFk] Luk;q]
J`ax] u[k] [kqj] ds’k] ykse vkSj jkspu & ;s 19 xzká vax crk;s gSA
xzkg~; vax & ¼1½ LFkkoj & 8 & ¼lqJqr½ ¼2½ vkSnfHkn~ & 18] tkaxe & 19 & ¼pjd½
2- ikfFkZo & Lo.kZ] leyk iapyksgk%] fldrk] lq/kk] eu%f’kyk] gjrky] ef.k] yo.k] xSfjd vkSj vatu & ikfFkZo nzO; gS
3- vkSnfHkn & pjd us vkSnfHkn nzO;ksa ds esa ewy] Rod~] lkj] fu;kZl] uky] Lojl] iYyo] {kkj] {khj] Qy] iq"i]
HkLe] rSy] d.Vd] i=] 'kqax] dUn vkSj izjksg & ;s 18 xzká vax crk;s gSA
vkSnfHkn ds Hksn & 4 & ouLifr] okuLiR;] oh:/k] vkS"k/kA
Qy% ouLifr%] iq"iS% okuLiR;% QySjfiA vks"k/;% QyikdkUrk%] izrkuS% oh:/k% Le`rk%AA & ¼p- lw- 1@73½
uksV %& 1- lIryk & ewyuh æO;A ¼lIrewy½ 'kaf[kuh & Qfyuh æO;A ¼’ka[k tSlk Qy½
2- gfLrnUrh & ewyuh æO;A ¼nUrewy½ gfLri.khZ & Qfyuh æO;A ¼Qy ds ikl iÙks½
3- izR;d~Js.kh & ewyuh æO;A ¼ewyJs.kh½ izR;Diq"ih & Qfyuh æO;A ¼Qy ds ikl iq"i½ 8
egkLusg & 4 & ^lfiZLrSya olk eTtk Lusgks fn"V'prqfoZ/k%A ikukH;UtucLR;FkZ uL;kFkZ pSo ;ksxr%AA (PAVaN)
prqfoZ/k Lusg & +?k`r] rSy] olk vkSj eTtk & ;s egkLusg ds 4 izdkj gSA
xq.kdeZ & Lusguk thouk cY;k o.kksZip;o/kZuk%A ,oa okrfiÙkdQkigk%A
iapyo.k %& ¼1½ lkSopZy ¼2½ lSU/ko ¼3½ foM ¼4½ vkSf˜n ¼5½ lkeqæ & ¼p- lw- 1@90½
¼1½ lSU/ko ¼2½ lkeqæ ¼3½ foM ¼4½ lkSopZy~ ¼5½ jksed & ¼j- r- 2@3½
xq.k & fLuX/k] m".k] rh{.k o vfXunhidA deZ & vth.kZ] vkukg] 'kwy] okrO;kf/k] xqYe vkSj mnj esa mi;ksxhA
v"V ew= %& vkfo ew=] vtk ew=] xksew=] ekfg"k ew=] gfLr ew=] m"Vª ew=] okft ew= vkSj [kj ew=A & ;s v"V ew= gSA
xk;] cdjh] HksM+] HkSl dk ew= & ¼eknk½ & y?kq xq.k & xks·tkfoefg"kh.kka rq L=h.kka ew=a iz’kL;rsA & Hkkoizdk’k
xngs] ÅaV] gkFkh] ?kksM+s dk ew= & ¼uj½ & xq: xq.k & [kjks"VªsHkujkÜokuka iqalka ew=a fgra Le`re~A & Hkkoizdk’k
ew=ksa ds lkekU; xq.k %& m".ka rh{.keFkks·:{ka dVqda yo.kkfUore~A ¼p- lw- 1@96½
✓ ew= esa xq.k esa m".k] rh{.k] v:{k] iz/kku jl dVq vkSj yo.k vuqjl okyk gksrk gSA
iz;ksx :i %& mRlknu] vkysi] vkLFkkiu] fojspu] LosndeZ] miukg ,oa ifj"ksd :i esa ew= dk iz;ksx gksrk gSA
lkekU; iz;ksx & vkukg] vxn] mnjjksx] v'kZjksx] xqYe] dq"B vkSj fdykl esa fgrdkjh A
nhiuh;a fo"k?ua p fØfe?ua pksifn';rsA ik.Mqjksx mil`"VkukeqÙkea 'keZ pksR;rsAA
'ys"ek.ka 'ke;sRihra ek:ra pkuqykse;sr~A d"ksZr~ fiÙke/kksekxfeR;fLeu~ xq.klaxzg%AA
nks"kizHkko %& ew= ik.Mq esa mÙke vkjksX;nkrk] dQ'kked] okrkuqyksed vkSj fiÙkfojspd gksrk gSA
ew=ksa ds xq.kksa esa ererkUrj %&
1- fiÙkfojspd & ¼pjd½ & d"ksZr~ fiÙke/kksekxfeR;fLeu~ xq.klaxzg%A ¼p- lw- 1@100½
2- fiÙko/kZd & ¼okXHkͽ & fiÙkya :{kksrh{.kks".ka yo.kkuqjla dVqA ¼v- g- lw- 5@82½
3- fo"k?u & ¼lqJqr½] & ew=a ekuq"ka p fo"kkige~A ¼lq- lw- 45@220½
ew=a ekuq"ka rq fo"kkige~A ¼v- la- lw- ½
4- jlk;u & ¼Hkkoizdk'k½ & ujew=a xja gfUr rn~ fo/k lsfore~ jlk;ue~A
ew= iz/kku jl
Xkkse=
w le/kqja
vtk ew= d"kk;e/kqja ¼dVq fräkfUora & LkqJqr½
Ekkfg"k ew= l{kkj
m"Vª ew= frä
okft ew= frä] dVq
vkfo ew= frä ¼l{kkj frä dVq & lqJqr½
gfLr ew= yo.k ¼lfrä yo.ka & LkqJqr½
[kj ew= dVq jl
jksx?urk & nqX/k 'okl] dkl] jäfiÙk] HkXu] r`".kk] vkSj {kh.k{kr esa Js"Ba gSA
ik.Mqjksxs·EyfiÙks p 'kks"ks xqYes rFkksnjsA vfrlkjs Tojs nkgs p 'o;FkkS p fo’ks"kr%A ¼p-lw- 1@111½
;ksfu] 'kqØ nks"k] ew=jksx] iznj] fcoU/k] vkSj okrfiÙk jksfx;ksa ds fy, iF; gksrk gSA
'kks/ku o`{k %& 6 & ¼1½ {khj=; & nqX/k mi;ksxh & 3 nzO; cryk, gSA ¼vdZ] Luqgh] oV] & jl rjafx.kh½A
1- vdZ & ¼oeu] fojspu nksuksa½
2- Luqgh & ¼fojspu½
3- v'eUrd & ¼oeu½
2- fHk"kxqÙke% & ;ksxeklka rq ;ks fo|kr~ ns'kdkyksiikfnre~A iq:"ka iq:"ka oh{; l Ks;ks fHk"kxqÙke%A ¼p- lw- 1@124½
tks oS| jksxh dh fof/kor ijh{kk djds ns'k] dky vkfn ds fopkj dj rnuqlkj vkS"k/kksa ds ;ksx dks tkurk gSA
3- ;Fkk fo"ka ;Fkk 'kL=a ;FkkfXuj’kfu;ZFkkA rFkkS"k/kefoKkra foKkree`ra ;FkkAA ¼p- lw- 1@125½
vKkr vkS"k/k ^fo"k] 'kL=] vfXUk ;k bUnz otz* ds leku ?kkrd gksrh gSA
tcfd foKkr vkS"k/k ^ve`r* ds leku izk.kj{kd gksrh gSA
4- ;ksxknfi fo"ka rh{.keqÙkea Hks"kta HkosrA Hks"kta pkfi nq;Zäa rh{.ka lEi|rs fo"ke~AA ¼p- lw- 1@127½
vR;URk rh{.k fo"k Hkh lE;d~ iz;ksx djus ls ^mÙke Hks"kt* cu tkrk gSA
tcfd Js"B vkS"k/k Hkh nq;qZDr iz;ksx djus ls ^rh{.k fo"k* cu tkrk gSA
6- rnso ;qDra HkS"kT;a ;nkjksX;k; dYirsA l pSo fHk"kTkka Js"Bks jksxHs ;ks ;% izeksp;sr~AA ¼p- lw- 1@133½
10
2- vikekxZr.Mqyh; v/;k; & ¼vr% ifjektZu æO;ksa dk o.kZu½
¼nh?kZthorh;½ nh?kZ thou ds fy, 'kjhj ds mÙkekax f'kj dk LoLFk jguk vR;Ur vko';d gSA
vr% vkpk;Z pjd us Js"B f'kjksfojspd & vikekxZ ls f}rh; v/;k; dk izkjEHk dj ^vikekxZ r.Mqyh;* uke j[kkA
r.Mqy 'kCn dk mi;qDr vFkZ & vadqjtuuleFkZ chtA (BHU 2015)
¼3½ fojspu æO; %& ¼17½ & iDok'k;sxrs nks"ks fojsdk;Z iz;kst;sr~A ¼p- lw- 2@10½
f=o`rka f=Qyka nUrha uhfyuh lIryka opke~A dfEiYyd xok{kh p {khj.khenqdh;Zdke~AA
ihywU;kjXo/ka æk{kka æoUrh fupqykfu pA A
uofojpsu esa ls %& f=o`Ùk] vkjXo/k] lIryk] nUrh] æoUrhA
vU; fojspd %& dfEiYyd] uhfyuh] xok{kh] ¼bUæk;.k½] {khfj.kh ¼Lo.kZ {khjh½] mn;dh;kZA
f=Qyk] æk{kk] ihyw] fupqy] opkA ¼f=Qyk vkSj æk{kk ihyks u;h opk½
uksV %& loZizFke fojspu ds fy, & ^fojsd* 'kCn dk iz;ksx fd;kA
¼4½ vkLFkkiu@vuqoklu %&¼29½ & mnkorsZ focU/ks"kq ;qUT;knkLFkkius"kq pA ¼p- lw- 2@13½
¼1½ n'kewy æO; ¼4½ xqMwph] enu] iyk'kA
¼2½ yo.k ¼5½ ,j.M] cyk] iquZuok ÑÙk``.kA
¼3½ Lusg ¼6½ ;o] dksy] dqyRFkA
uksV %&
1- f=dVq & f'kjksfojspuA fiIiyh & f'kjksfojspu] oeu nksuksa esa o.kZuA
2- f=Qyk & fojspuA enuQy & oeu] vkLFkkiu@vuqoklu nksuksa esa o.kZuA
3- n'kewy & vkLFkkiu@vuqokluA
iapdeZ %& rkfu mifLFkr nks"kk.kka Lusg LosnksiiknuS%A iap dekZf.k dqohZr ek=kdkykS fopkj;u~A & ¼p- lw- 2@15½
✓ pjd lafgrk esa loZizFke iapdeZ 'kCn dk mYys[k ;gh ij vk;k gSA
iapdeZ ls iwoZ Losnu] Losnukfn iwoZdeZ lE;d~ :i ls djus funsZ'k fn;k gSA
;qfDr dk egRo %& ek=k dykJ;k ;qfDr% flf)Z;qDrkS izfrf"BrkA fr"BR;qifj ;qfDrKks æO;Kkuorka lnkAA
✓ vkS"k/k dh lE;d~ ;kstuk ¼;qfDr½ & ^^ek=k vkSj dky** ij fuHkZj djrh gSA
✓ ;qfDr esa flf) ¼LkQyrk½ fLFkr gS] nzO;Kku dh j[kus okys oS| ds LFkku ij ^;qfDrK* lnk Js"B gksrk gSA 11
v"Vkfo'kafr ;okxw
pjd us lk/; jksxksa esa iz;ksT; 28 ;okxw ¼22 ;okxw $ 6 is;k½ dk o.kZu fd;k gSA
✓ ¼;okxw esa pkoy ds d.k ¼r.Mqy½ vkSj ty dk vuqikr 1 % 6 vkSj is;k esa 1 % 14 gksrk gS & lqJqr½
6 is;k %& ¼1½ ikpuh ,oa xzfg.kh is;k ¼2½ okrfodkjuk'kd is;k ¼3½ ew=ÑPNªukf'kuh is;kA
¼4½ fiÙk'ys"ekfrlkj uk'kd ¼5½ jDrkfrlkj uk'kd ¼6½ vkekfrlkj uk'kdA
dq"Buk'kd %& ¼1½ & eu%f'kykys efjpkfu rSyekdZ i;% dq"Bgj% iznsg%A
¼2½ & rqRFka foMax efjpkfu dq"Ba yks/kaz p r}r~ leu%f'kya L;kr~A ¼p- lw- 3@12½
¼3½ & jlkatu liziqukMchta ;qDra dfiRFkL; jlsu ysi%A
¼4½ & djatcht ,Mxta ldq"Ba xkse= w fi"Ba p ij% iznsg%A ¼p- lw- 3@13½
okrgj %& ¼1½ & vkuwieRL;fe"k oslokjS% m".kS% iznsg% ioukig% L;krA
¼2½ & LusgS'prqfHk% n'kewyfeJSxZU/kkS"k/kS'pkfuyg% iznsg%A ¼p- lw- 3@19½
¼3½ & dq"Ba 'krkgoka lopka ;okuka pw.kZ lrSykEyeqfUr okrsA ¼p- lw- 3@20½
mnj'kwy & ¼1½ & rØs.k ;qäa ;opw.kZeq".ka l{kkjefrZ tBjs fugU;kr~A ¼p- lw- 3@20½
okrjDr & ¼1½ & okrs ljäS l?k`ra iznsgks xks/kwe pw.kZ Nxyhi;'pA ¼p- lw- 3@23½
f'kj%'kwygj& ¼1½ & urksRiya pUnudq"B;qäa f'kjks:tk;a l?k`ra izngs %A ¼p- lw- 3@23½
fo"k?u ysi& ¼1½ & fo"ka f'kjh"kLrq lflU/kqokj%A ¼p- lw- 3@28½
Losngj & ¼1½ & f'kjh"kykeTtd gseyks/kzS RoXnks"klaLosngj% iz?k"kZ%A ¼p- lw- 3@29½
nqxZU/kuk'kd &¼1½ & i=kEcqyks/kzkHk; pUnukfu 'kjhjnkSxZU/;gj% iznsg%A ¼p- lw- 3@29½
fojspu nzO;ksa ds vkJ; %& 6 & "kM~ fojspukJ;k bfr {khj ewyRod~ i=iq"iQykfu bfrA ¼p- lw- 4@5½
¼1½ ewy ¼2½ Rod~ ¼3½ i= ¼4½ iq"i ¼5½ Qy ¼6½ {khj
f’kjksfojspu nzO;ksa ds vkJ; & 7 & ewy] Rod]~ i=] iq"i] Qy] dUn ,oa fu;kZlA ¼p- fo- 8@151½
d"kk; ;ksfu & 5 & ¼1½ e/kqj d"kk;] ¼2½ vEy d"kk;] ¼3½ frä d"kk;] ¼4½ dVq d"kk;] ¼5½ d"kk; d"kk;A
pjd & egkd"kk; & 50] d"kk; & 500A
v-al-a & egkd"kk; &45& v-al-a oeuksix] fojspuksix] vkLFkkiuksix] vuqokluksix] f’kjksfojspuksix dk o.kZu ugha gSA
&% iapfo/k d"kk; dYiuk, %&
1- pjdkuqlkj & Lojl%] dYd%] J`r%] 'khr% Qk.V% d"kk;'psfrA rs"kka ;FkkiwoZ cykf/kD;e~AA
vr% d"kk;dYiuk O;k/;krqjcykrqjcykisf{k.khA & iapfo/k d"kk; dYiuk,a iwoZ ds Øe esa cyoku gksrh gSA
2- lqJqrkuqlkj %& {khj → Lojl → dYd → J`r → 'khr → Qk.V → mÙkjksrj y?kqA
{khja jl% dYdeFkks d"kk;% J`r'p 'khr'p rFkSo Qk.VeA dYik% "kMsrs [kyq Hkstkuka ;FkksÙkja rs y?ko% izfn"Vk%A
3- okXHkÍ %& jl% dYd% J`r% 'khr% Qk.V’psfr izdYiukA iap/kSoa d"kk;k.kka iwoZ iwoZ cykf/kdkAA
¼5½ 'kwyiz'keu egkd"kk; & "kMw"k.k $ vtxU/kk] vteksnk] vtkth rFkk x.MhjA ¼"kMw"k.k GAAA½
¼6½ g| & vkez] vkekzrd] vEyosrl] o`{kkEy] djenZ] ydqp] cnj ¼csj½] dqoy ¼cMh csj½ $ nkfMe] ekrqyqaxA
¼vEYk â|kuka & tkudj vEy o`{k ds cM x, ydqp ds nke½
¼7½ fo"k?u egkd"kk; & eaft"Bk] ikfyUnh] drd] gYnh] panu] lqogk] lw{eSyk] f'kjh"k] flUnqokj] 'ys"ekrdA
¼MP ds gS panu S5 ½
¼8½ oeuksix & e/kq $ e+/kq;f"B] dksfonkj] dcqZnkj $ uhi] fcnqy] fcEch] $ 'k.kiq"ih] lnkiq"ih] izR;d~iq"ikA
¼e/kq dkdk dh u;h fcfc lnk 'kqgkxu idks½
¼9½ mnnZiz'keu & fiz;ky frUnqd] $ dnj] cnj] [kfnj $ vtqZu] lIri.kZ vlu] vfjesn] 'kkyA
¼fiz; frUnqd dks cspkjs [kfnj vtqZu ls AA Sha½
¼10½ Tojgj egkd"kk; & ikBk] lkfjok] eaft"Bk] ihyq] 'kdZjk] æk{kk] i:"kd] gjM] cgsM+k] vkaoykA
Toj gksus & ij lHkh euq"; ihrs e/kjq f=Qyk
¼11½ iqjh"k laxzg.kh; & fiz;axq] iùk] iùdslj] leadk] yks/kz] dV~oax] vkezkfLFk] /kkrdhiq"i] ekspjl] vuUrkA
¼12½ iqjh"k fojatuh; & tkequ] fryd.k] e/kwd] lsey] 'kYydh] dsokWp] fonkjhdUn] uhydey] xU/kfotkSjk]
Hk`"Ve`fÙkdk
¼13½ ew= laxzg.kh; & oV] mnqEcj] v'oRFk] dihru] Iy{k $ HkYykrd $ [kfnj] v'eUrd] tkequ] vkezA
iapoYdy HkYykrd KhAJA
¼14½ ew= fojatuh; & dey] mRiy ¼uhydey½] lkSxfU/kd dey] iq.Mjhd] 'kri=] dqenq ] ufyu eqysBh] fiz;axq]
vkSj /kkrdhiq"iA ¼dey ds Hksnksa dk o.kZu ew=fojatuh; egkd"kk; esa vk;k gS½
¼dey dqeqn ugha & eq>s fiz; gS /kkrdh½
¼15½ ew=fojspuh; &dq'k] dkl] nHkZ] xqUæk] bRdVewy] xks{kqj o`{kknuh] ik"kk.kHksn olqd] ok'ksjA r`.kiapewy GO o`{k ds ihNs okok
¼16½ LrU;tuu & dq'k] dkl] nHkZ] xqUæk] bRdVewy] b{kqokfydk] ohj.k] 'kkfy] "kf"Bd] dÙk`.kA
¼17½ LrU;'kks/ku & bUæ;o] xqMqph] lkfjok] dVqdh] eqLrd] nsonk:] ewokZ] 'kq.Bh] ikBk] fpjk;rkA
bl xksjh lkfjok dks M.D. /M.S. ifr pkfg,
¼18½ 'kqØtuu & thod] _"kHkd] esnk] dkdksyh] {khjdkdksyh] ek"ki.khZ] eqn~xi.khZ] o`):gk] dqfyax] tfVykA
¼v"VoxZ ekeq Qals o`):gk ds dqfVy tky esa½
¼19½ 'kqØ'kks/ku & dwB] dV~Qy] dksfdyk{k] dk.Ms{kq] dnEcfu;kZl] [kl] bZ[k] ,yokyqd] olqd] leqæQsuA
K6 bldh ,d oVh leqnz ds ¾ 'kqØ'kks/ku dj nsrh gSA
¼20½ iztkLFkkiu & ,sUæh] czkãh] 'kroh;kZ] lglzoh;kZ] veks/kk ¼ikVyk½] vfj"Vk] f'kok ¼gjhrdh½]
vO;Fkk ¼xqMwph½] okV~;iq"ih vkSj fo"oDlsudkUrkA
¼21½ o;%LFkkiu & vHk;k] ve`rk] vkeydh] 'osr vijkftrk] 'krkojh] thoUrh] iquuZok] fLFkjk] eqäk] e.Mwdi.khZA
¼22½ 'kksf.kr LFkkiu & :f/kj] e/kq] e/kqd] e`Rdiky] ekspjl] 'kdZjk] fiz;axq] yks/kz] /kku dk yktk] xSfjdA
:f/kj egklzko M4 esa ih yks /kkuyktk dh xksyhA 15
¼23½ 'kksFkgj egkd"kk; & n'kewy ds æO;A ¼n'kewy & ;g laKk loZizFke lqJqr dh nh gq;h gSA½
¼24½ fgDdkfuxzg.k & 'kVh] iq"djewy] o`grh] cnjcht] o`{k:gk] d.Vdkjh] nqjkyHkk vHk;k] fiIiyh] ddZVJ`axhA
¼25½ 'oklgj & 'kVh] iq"djewy] vEyosrl] ,yk] fgaxq] vx:] lqjlk] rkeydh] thoUrh vkSj p.MkA
¼26½ dq"B?u & [kfnj] vHk;k] vkeydh] gfjnzk] HkYykrd] lIri.kZ] vkjXo/k] djohj] foMax vkSj tkfrizokyA
¼27½ d.Mw?u & panu] uyn] uäeky] nk:gfjnzk] dqVt] fuEc] d`reky] l"kZi] eqyBs h vkSj ukxjeksFkkA
¼28½ r`".kkfuxzg.k & /kU;okl] iiZVd] âhcsj] eqLrd] 'kq.Bh] panu] fdjkrfrä] xqMwph] /kkU;d] vkSj iVksyA
¼"kM~-xikuh; %& m'khj] iiZVd] lqxU/kckyk] eqLrd] 'kq.Bh] pUnu & Toj esa fiiklk 'kkfUr gsrq½
¼29½ osnuk LFkkiu & 'kky] dk;Qy] dnEc] iùed] rqEc] ekspjl] f’kjh"k] tyosar ,yqvk] vkSj v’kksdA
¼30½ fojspuksix & gjM] cgsMk] vkoyk] nzk{kk] dk’e;Z] Ik:"kd] dqoy] cnj] ddZU/kq vkSj ihywA
¼31½ nkgiz’keu & yktk] panu] dk’e;ZQy~] e/kwd] 'kdZjk] uhyksRiy] m’khj] lkfjok] xqMwph] âhcsjA
¼vx: 'kkfey ugha gS & (BHU 2010½
¼32½ laKkLFkkiu & ghax] dSV;Z] vfjesn] opk] o;LFkk ¼czkáh½] pksjd] xksykseh] tfVyk] iyda"kk] v’kksdjksfg.kkhA
¼vfgQsu 'kkfey ugha gS & (BHU 2010½
fujUrj otZuh; æO; & oYywj ¼'kq"d ekal & PkØ-½] 'kq"d 'kkd] 'kkywd¼dey dUn½] fcl ¼dey dh uky½]
Ñ'k ¼nqcys&irys½ i'kq dk ekal] dwfpZdk] fdykV] lqvj] xk; vkSj HkSal dk ekal] eNyh] ngh] mM+n o ;od ¼tbZ½ dk
yxkrkj lsou ugha djuk pkfg,A
fujUrj lsouh; æO; & "kf"Vdkr~ 'kkfy eqn~xka'p lSU/kokeyds ;oku~A vkUrjh{ka i;% lfiZ% tkaxy e/kq pkH;lsrA
"kf"Vd pkoy] 'kkfy pkoy] ewxa ] lSa/koyo.k] vkeyd] ;o] vUrfj{k ty] nw/k] lfiZ] tkaxy ekal vkSj e/kq A &
budk yxkrkj iz;ksx djuk pkfg,A
lE;d /kweiku %& âRd.BsfUæ;la'kqf)% y?kqRoa f'kjl% 'ke%A ;Fksfjrkuka nks"kk.kka lE;d~ ihrL; y{k.kEk~A ¼p- lw- 5@37½
/kweiku fof/k %& 1- f'kj] us=] ukfldk jksxksa esa & ukfldk ls /kweikuA
2- d.Bxr jksxksa esa & eq[k ls /kweikuA
ukfldk ls /kwe ihus ds ckn /kwe dks eq[k ls gh fudkyuk pkfg,A izfrykse fo:) ekxZ esa x;k
gqvk /kwe us=ksa dks gkfu igqpkrk gSA
4- ukfldk dk ,d fNæ candj /kwez ¼3 ckj½ ihus ds ckn eq[k ls fudkyuk pkfg,A
vfr /kweiku ds miæo %&¼1½ ckf/k;Z ¼2½ vU/kRo ¼3½ ewdRo ¼4½ jäfiÙk ¼5½ f'kjksHkzeA
/kweiku dk fu"ks/k %&
okXHkê & 18 o"kZ ls iwoZ fuf"k)A 'kkjaX/kZj & 12 o"kZ ls iwoZ vkSj 80 o"kZ ds ckn fuf"k)A
¼3½ uL; %& izko`V] 'kjn vkSj calr _rqvksa esa tc vkdk’k esa ckny u Nk, gks uL; dk iz;ksx djuk pkfg,A
uL; ls ykHk %&
¼1½ m/oZt=qxr fodkjksa esa loZJs"B vkS"k/k gS] uL; vkS"k/k dk izHkko ^J`axkVd eeZ* ij gksrk gSA
¼2½ uL; ds iz;ksx ls eU;kLrEHk] guqLrEHk] f'kj%'kwy] vfnZr] v/kkZoHksnd] ihul] f'kj%dEi jksx 'kkUr gks tkrs gSA
¼3½ uL; ds iz;ksx ls us=] ukfldk] dku dh 'kfDr u"V ugha gksrh gS] cky lQsn@dfiy ugha gksrs gS
v.kqrSy dk uL; &
1- ?kVd nzO; %& pUnukxq:.kh i=a nkohZRoM~e/kqda oyke~A ¼p- lw- 5@63½
2- fuekZ.k fof/k %& lHkh ?kVd nzO;ksa dk 100 xquk egsUnz ty esa DokFk djrs gSa] RkSy ls 1@10 Hkkx 'ks"k jgus rd
ikd djrs gSA vUr esa 10oha ckj DokFk ysdj idkus esa vtknqX/k dk iz;ksx djrs gSA
3- ek=k %& vL; ek=ka iz;qUthr rSyL;k/kZiyksfUerke~A ¼p- lw- 5@68½ & v)Ziy ¾ 2 rksykA
4- ek=kdky %& fLuX/kfLo™kksÙkekxaL; fipquk ukouSfL=fHk%A «;gk=;gk’p lIrkgesrRdeZ lekpjsrA ¼p- lw- 5@69½
bl izdkj izfrfnu 3&3 o rhu rhu fnu ij ckj dqy 7 ckj uL; dk lsou djuk pkfg,A
¼4½ nUriou %& vkiksfFkrkxza }kS dkykS d"kk;dVqfräde~A Hk{k;sr~ nUrioua nUrekalkU;ck/k;u~A ¼p- lw- 5@71½
1-nUr/kkou dky & izfrfnu izkra&lk;a nksuksa le;A
2-nUr/kkou dk"Bjl & dVq] frä] d"kk; jlA
3-ykHk & fugfUr xU/ka oSjL;a ftâoknUrkL;ta eye~A fu"d`"; :fpek/kÙks l|ks nUrfo’kks/kue~A ¼p- lw- 5@72½
4-o`{k & 1- pjd & djat] djohj] vdZ] ekyrh] ddqHk ¼vtqZu½ ,oa vluA
2- va- â & djat] [kfnj] vdZ] oV] vtqZuA
3- va- la & djat] [kfnj] ltZ] oV] vlu] djohj] vfjesn] vikekxZ] ekyrh] ddqHk ¼vtqZu½A
4- lqJqr & djat] [kfnj] e/kwd] fuEcA
• v"Vkax laxzgdkj us 'ys’ekrd] f'kxzq] 'keh] 'kkYeyh] 'k.k] frYod] frUnqd] fcYc] foHkhrd] fuZxq.Mh] ihyq]
ihiy] iyk’k] ikfjHknz] vfj"V] /ko] /kUo] dksfonkj] bzaxqnhZ] xqXxqyq] ekspjl dh nkSrku dk fu"ks/k crk;k gSA 18
• lqJqr & ^fuEc'p frDrs Js"B] d"kk;s [kfnjA e/kqdks e/kqjs Js"B] djat dVqds RkFkkAA
• cdqy & nUrnk<;Zdj] nUr’kks/ku & rstksorh] yrkdLrwjh & eq[koS’k|dj@eq[k’kks"kgj
• yEckbZ & dfuf"Bdk vaxqyh le LFkwy ¼eksVh½] 12 vaxqy vk;r ¼yEch½ & lqJqr ,oa okXHkêA
¼5½ ftâokfuysZ[ku %& ftâok 'kykdk & Lo.kZ] jtr] rkez ;k _tq ls fufeZr] vxzHkkx rh{.k u gks ,oa oØ gksA
• izek.k yEckbZ & 10 vaxqy ¼lqJqr½
• ftâokfuysZ[ku jkSI;a lkSo.kZ ok{kZeos pA rUeykigja 'kLra e`nq 'y{k.ka n’kkxqaye~A & ¼lq- fp- 24@13½
¼6½ eq[k laxfU/k æO; %& eq[k esa LoPNrk ,oa Hkkstu esa :fp gsrq vkSj eq[k dks lqxfU/kr j[kus dh bPNk okyksa dks
tk;Qy] dVqd ¼yrkdLrwjh & PkØ-½] iwxQy ¼lqikjh½] yoax] dadksy] lw{eSyk ¼NksVh byk;ph½ ds & Qy
mÙke rkEcwy i= vkSj diwZj fu;kZl bu lcdks eq[k esa /kkj.k djuk pkfg,A
• yrkdLrwjh & eq[koS’k|dj ¼fiz;ozr 'kekZ½@eq[k’kks"kgj & yrkdLrwfjdk r}Ueq[k’kks"kgjk ije~ ¼v-la- 22@85½
¼7½ eq[k esa rSy x.Mw"k %& gUokscZya Lojcya onuksip;% ij%A d.B'kks"k] nUr{k;uk'kd ¼p- lw- 5@78&79½
• eq[koSjL;nkSxZU/;’kksQtkM~;gja lq[ke~A nUrnk<~;Zdj :P;a Lusgx.Mw"k /kkj.ke~A ¼lq- fp- 24@14½
• eq[k lapk;Zrs ;k rq ek=k l doy% Le`r%A vlapk;kZ rq ;k ek=k x.Mw"k% l izdhfrZr%A ¼lq- fp- 40@62½
▪ doy & lapkjh] x.Mw"k & valpkjh
• doy ,oa x.Mw"k ds izdkj & 4 & ¼1½ LuSfgd ¼2½ 'kks/ku ¼3½ 'keu ¼4½ jksi.k & lqJqr] okXHkêA
• x.Mw"k ,ao doy /kkj.k dky %& tUe ls 5 o"kZ ckn ¼'kkjaXZ/kj½A
¼8½ f'kj esa rSy %& f'kj%'kwy] [kkfyR;] ikfyR;] ds'kiru uk'kdA ds'k&Ñ".k] nh?kZ] n`<+ewy okys gks tkrs gSA
bfUæ;kf.k izlhnfUr lqRoXHkofr pkuue~A fuækykHk% lq[k p L;kUewf/Zu rSy fu"kso.kkRk~A
fo'ks"k & ^^f'kj%Jo.kikns"kq ra fo'ks"ks.k 'khy;sr~A** & ¼v- â- lw- 2@9½ (RPSC 2011)
¼9½ d.kZ rSyiwj.k %& okrt d.kZjksx] eU;kguqlaxzg] mPpS Jqfr] ckf/k;Z vkfn jksx ugha gksrs gSaA
¼10½ rSy vH;ax %& okruk'kd] lqRod~] 'kjhj dks O;k;ke Dys'k lgus esa l{ke cukrk gSA
¼11½ iknkH;ax ds xq.k %& x`/klh] fljk Luk;q ladksp vkfn jksx gksus dh lEHkkouk ugha jgrh gSA
• iknkH;ax & n`f"V% izlkna & pjd] okXHkê] ¼p{kq"; & lq- fp- 24@70½
• ikn=/kkj.k & p{kq"; & pjd ¼N=/kkj.ke~ & p{kq";a & lq- fp- 24@75½
• ikniz{kkyu & p{kq% izlknua c`";a j{kks?ua izhfro/kZue~ & lq- fp- 24@69
¼12½ 'kjhj ifjektZu & nkSxZU/;aa xkSjoa rUæka d.Mw eyejkspde~A LosnchHkRlrka gfUr 'kjhj ifjektZue~AA
¼13½ Luku & ifo=a o`";ek;q";a JeLosneykige~A 'kjhjcyla/kkua Lukua vkstLdja ije~A (Jam 2013)
¼14½ LoPN oL= /kkj.k & dkE;a ;'kL;ukeq";a vy{eh?u izg"kZ.kaA JheRikfj"kna 'kLra fueZykEcj/kkj.kEk~AA
¼15½ xU/k ekY; /kkj.k & o`";a lkSxU/kek;q";a dkE;a iqf"Vcyizne~A lkSeuL;ey{eh?ua xU/kekY;fu"kso.ke~AA
¼16½ jRu vkHkw"k.k /kkj.k & /kU;a eakxY;ek;q";a Jhen~O;lulwnue~A g"kZ.ka dkE;ekstL;a jRukHkj.k/kkj.ke~AA
¼17½ eyekxksZ dh 'kqf) & es/;a ifo=ek;q";a vy{ehdfyuk'kue~A ikn;ks eyekxkZ.kka 'kkSpk/kkueHkh{.k'k%AA
¼18½ {kkSjdeZ & ikSf"Vda o`";ek;q";a 'kqfp :ifojktue~A ds'k'eJqu[kknhuka dYiue~ laiz/kkue~AA
¼19½ ikn=/kkj.k & p{kq";a Li'kZufgre~ ikn;ksO;Zlukige~A cY;e~ ijkØealq[ke~ o`";a ikn=/kkj.ke~ A
¼20½ N=/kkj.k & bZrs% iz’keua cY;a xqIR;koj.k’kadje~A ?kekZfuyjtks·Ecq?ua N=/kkj.kEkqP;rsA
¼21½ /keZlEer thfodksins'k & vkthfodk ds lk/ku /keZ fo:) ugha gksus pkfg,A
'kjhjj{kksins'k & uxjh uxjL;so jFkL;so jFkh lnkA Lo'kjhjL; es/kkoh d`R;s"oofgrks Hkosr~AA ¼p lw 5@103½ 19
6- rL;kf'krh; v/;k;
_rqlkRE; vkgkj vH;kl & cya o.kZ'p o/kZrsA
¼1½ laoRlj ¼o"kZ½ esa N% _rq rFkk nks v;u gksrs gSaA
¼1½ vkXus; dky@vknku dky@mÙkjk;.k dky%& lw;Zcy izcy] izkf.kcy esa âklz ,ao ok;q esa :{krk gksrh gSA
_rq jl ok;q izkf.kcy
1- f'kf'kj & frDr vYi:{krk Js"B cyA
2- calr & d"kk; e/;:{krk e/; cyA
3- xzh"e & dVq rhoz:{krk vYi cyA
¼2½ lkSE; dky@folxZdky@nf{k.kk;u dky%& pUæcy izcy] izkf.kcy es o`f) ,ao ok;q esa fLuX/krk gksrh gSA
_rq jl ok;q izkf.kcy
4- o"kkZ & vEy vYifLuX/k vYi cyA
5- 'kjn & yo.k e/;fLuX/k e/;e cyA
6- gseUr & e/kqj Js"BfLuX/k Js"B cyA
vknkoUrs p nkScZY;a folxkZnku;ksu`Z.kke~A e/;s e/;cya] RoUrs Js"Bexzs fofuZfnZ’ksr~A ¼p- lw- 6@8½
ekg ds uke %&
pjdkuqlkj lqJqr vuqlkj 'kkajX/kZj vuqlkj
1- f'kf'kj & ek| & QkYxqu ri & riL; 1- calr & dqEHk & ehuA
2- calr & pS= & oS'kk[k e/kq & ek/ko 2- xzh"e & es"k & o`"kHkA
3- xzh"e & T;s"V & vk"kk<+ 'kqfp & 'kØ 3- izko`V~ & feFkqu & ddZA
4- o"kkZ & Jko.k & Hkkæiæ uHk & uHkL; 4- o"kkZ & flag & dU;kA
5- 'kjn & vkf'ou & dkfrZd Ã"k & ÅtZ 5- 'kjn & o`f'pd & rqykA
6- gseUr & vxgu & ikS"k lg & lgL; 6- gseUr & /kqu & edjA
_rqp;kZ izkjEHk %& 1- pjd] lqJqr] okXHkê & gseUr] 2- ukxktqZu & c"kkZ _rq 3- _Xosn &'kjn _rqA
1- izko`V~ & xzh"e ,oa o"kkZ _rq ds e/;A & pjd ¼lqJqr izko`V~ ¾ xzh"e $ vk"kk< ekg½A
2- Js"Bekg & ek?k 'kh"kZA
3- iznks"k & jkf= dk vkjfEHkd dkyA
4- galksnd & pjd] okXHkê] dk’;iA ¼vkpk;Z lqJqr us ^galksnd* dk o.kZu ugha fd;k gSA½
5- va'kqnd & Hkkoizdk'kA
6- _rqlaf/k & okXHkê ¼dqy 14 fnu & xr_rq dk vafre larkg $ uo _rq dk izFke lIrkg½
7- ;ean"Vªk & dkfrZd ekg ds vafre 8 fnu$vxgu ekg ds izkjEHk ds 8 fnu ;ean"Vªk dgykrs gS & 'kkajXZ/kj
4- xzh"e _rq
1- Loknq 'khr nzoa fLuX/kikua rnk fgre~A ¼p- lw- 1@27½
2- ?k`r]a Ik;% l’kkY;™ka Hktu~ & ?kh] nw/k ds lkFk 'kkfypkoy dk lsouA
3 tkaxykUe`Xkif{k.k% ekal ,oa 'khra l'kdZja eUFk ¼'kdZjk ;ä 'khry lŸkw½ dk lsouA
4 eSFkqu dk fu"ks/k & xzh"edkys fu"ksors eSFkqukf}jrks uj%A
5 viF; & e|eYia u ok is;eFkok lqcgq mnde~A yo.kkEydVw".kkfu O;k;kea pk= otZ;sr~A ¼p- lw- 6@29½
5- o"kkZ _rq
1- loZnks"k izdksid _rq dgykrh gSA o"kkZ _rq esa f=nks"k?u ,oa vfXunhid ¼laLdkfjr½ vUu iku djsAa
vknkunqcZys nsgs iäk Hkofr nqcZy%A l o"kkZLofuyknhuka nw"k.kSckZ/;rs iqu%A ¼p- lw- 6@33½
2- iz?k"kZ] m)rZu vkSj Luku djds xU/k ekyk vkfn /kkj.k djuk pkfg,A
3- iqjk.kk tkaxySSeZkalHkksZT;k ;w"kS'p laLd`rS%A ¼eLrqlkSopZyk<;a ok iapdksykcpwf.kZre~ & v- g- lw- 3@46½
4- viF; & mneUFk fnokLoIuo';k;a unhtye~A O;k;keekria pSo O;;koa pk= otZ;sr~A¼p-lw- 6@35½ (BHU 2006)
eSFkqu & O;k;ke] vkri vkSj O;ok; ¼eSFkqu½ oftZr gSA
5- lsouh; & e/kq feyk gqvk ek/ohd vfj"V] ekgsUnz ty] dkSi] lkjl dk J`r'khr tyA
e/kq & ikuHkkstulaLdjku~ izk;% {kkSnzkfUorku~ Hktsr~ & ¼p- lw- 6@37½
c"kkZ _rq esa [kkus ikus dh LkHkh phtksa cukrs le; muesa esa e/kq vo'; feykdj nsuk pkfg,A
f'kjks:tk & ew=osxfuxzgA f'kjksjksx & fuæk osxfuxzgA f'kj%'kwy & iqjh"k] {koFkq osxfuxzgA
ân; foca/k & mnxkjosxfuxzg ânzkx
s & ok"i] Je%fu'oklA
ân;O;Fkk & 'kqØ] fiiklk osxfuxzgA (BHU 2012)
fouke & ew=] t`EHkk vaxenZ & {kq/kk] fuæk] 'kqØA vf{kjksx & ok"i osxfuxzgA
&% /kkj.kh; osx & ¼18½ %&
eu ds /kkj.kh; osx ¼9½ & yksHk] 'kksd] Hk;] Øks/k] vfHkeku] fuyZTtrk] bZ";kZ] vfrjkx ¼dkeokluk½ ,oa vfHk/;kA
ok.kh ds /kkj.kh; osx ¼5½ & i:"k ¼dBksj opu½] vf/kd ek=k esa cksyuk] lwpd ¼pqxyh½] vu`r ¼Ökwy cksyuk½]
vkSj vdky;qäL; ¼fcuk volj dh ckr djuk½A 22
'kjhj ds /kkj.kh; osx ¼4½ &ijihM~;k izo`fÙk ¼nwljksa dks d"V igWqapkuk½] ijL=hlaHkksx] Lrs; ¼pksjh djuk½] fgalkA
O;k;ke
ifjHkk"kk %& 'kjhj ps"Vk ;k ps"Vk LFkS;kZFkkZ cyof/kZuhA nsgO;k;ke la[;krk ek=;k ra lekpjsr~AA ¼p- lw- 7@31½
'kjhjk;kltuua deZ O;k;ke~ lafKre~A ¼lqJqr½] 'kjhjk;kltuua deZ O;k;ke mP;rsA ¼okXHkê½
O;k;ke ek=k %& pjd & ek=kuqlkj] lqJr & cyk)Z] okXHkê & 'khrdky] clar & v)Z’kfä] vU; _rq&eUnA
O;k;ke ykHk %& yk?koa deZlkeF;Z LFkS;Z nq%[klfg".kqrkA nks"k{k;ks·fXuo`f)'p O;k;keknqitk;rsAA ¼p- lw- 7@32½
yk?koa deZlkeF;Z nhIrks·fXuesZnl% {k;%A foHkä?kuxk=Roa O;k;keknqitk;rsAA ¼v- la- lw- 3@62½
O;k;ke y{k.k & Losnkxe% 'oklo`f)% xk=k.kka yk?ko rFkk ân;k|qijks/k’p bfr O;k;key{k.ke~ & ;ksxhUnz ukFklsuA
cyk)Z O;k;ke &gfn LFkkufLFkrks ok;qZ;nk oD=a izi|rsA O;k;kea dqorZ ks tUrksLrn~cyk)ZL; y{k.ke~A ¼lq- fp- 24@47½
cyk)Z y{k.k %& d{kkyykVuklk"kq gLriknfn"kqA izLosnkUeq[k’kks"kk’p cyk)Z rf)fufnZ’ksr~ bfrA & MYg.k
miæo %& Je% Dye% {k;Lr`".kk jäfiÙk izrked%A vfrO;k;ker% dklks Toj'NfnZ'p tk;rsA ¼p-lw- 7@33½
paØe.k %& ¼lqJqr½ & ;g Ñ'k ,oa nqcZy ds fy, y?kq O;k;ke gksrk gSA
ykHk & ¼1½ vk;qo/kZd ¼2½ cyo/kZd ¼3½ es/kko/kZd ¼4½ vfXuo/kZd ¼5½ bfUæ; pSrU;dj gSA
vfrek=k fu"ks/k%& O;k;ke gkL; Hkk"; v/o xzkE;/keZ iztkxjku~A uksfprkufi lsosr cqf)eku~ vfrek=;kA
vU;Fkk & xt flag bok"kZu~ lkglk l fou';frA
O;k;ke ds v;ksX; %& jäfiÙk] Ñ'k] 'kks"k] 'okl] dkl] mj%{kr jksxh] ckyd o`)] Hkkstu ,ao O;kok; i'pkr~
fiikflr~] {kqf/kr & O;k;ke u djsA
izknkaf'kd Øe %& vfgrdj vkgkj ds Øe'k% R;kx vkSj fgrdj vkgkj dk ØeiwoZd lsou djukA
,dkUrj ¼1 fnu½ };Urj ¼2&3½ «;Urj ¼4]5]6½ 7 fnu
1 iF; 2 iF; 3 iF; 4 iF;
3 viF; 2 viF; 1 viF; &
iknkaf'kd Øe ls ykHk %& 1- Øes.kkifprk nks"kk% & iqu% izknqHkkZo ugha gksrs gSaA
2- Øes.kksifprk xq.kk% & vizdE; ¼lqfLFkj½ gks tkrs gSaA
'kkjhfjd izÑfr %& lefiÙkkfuydQk% dsfpn~xHkkZfn ekuok%A
¼1½ okr izÑfr & izÑfr ds foijhr xq.k okys vkgkj fogkj dk lsouA
¼2½ fiÙk izÑfr & ¼foijhr xq.kLrs"kka LoLFko`Ùks% fof/k% fgr%A½
¼3½ dQ izÑfr & ¼foijhr xq.kLrs"kka LoLFko`Ùks% fof/k% fgr%A½
¼4½ le izÑfr & loZjlkH;kl djsA ¼lHkh jlksa dk mi;ksx fgrdj gS½
izÑfr ds foijhr xq.k okys vkgkj fogkj dk lsou LokLF;o/kZd gksrk gSA (BHU 2013)
lnkrqjk% & okryk|k% lnkrqjk%A ¼p-lw- 7@40½ ¼okfrdk|k% lnk··rqjk% & dk’;i ysák/;k;½
eyk;u %& ¼1½ v/kksHkkx &2& xqnk] ew=ekxZaA ¼2½ f'kjksHkkx &7& us=&2] d.kZ&2] uklk&2] eq[kA
nks"kksa dk fugZj.kdky %& ek/ko izFkes ekfl uHkL; izFkes iqu%A lgL; izFkes pSo gkj;sr~ nks"klUp;e~AA
nks"k deZ fugZj.k dky ¼pjdksDr ekg½
okr ofLr Jko.k uHk & uHkL;
fiÙk fojspu vxgu lgk & lgL;
dQ oeu pS= e/kq & ek/ko
fut jksx izfr"ks/kd mik; %&gsrq foijhr] O;kf/k foijhr rFkk gsrq O;kf/k foijhrdkjh vkS"k/k] vUu ,oa fogkj ls
lk/; jksxksa dh fpfdRlk djuk] iapdeZ dk Øfed iz;ksx rnUrj jlk;u ckthdj.k dk iz;ksxA
fof/kjs"k fodkjk.kkeuqRiŸkkS funf’kZr%A & jksxksa ds vuqifRrdj Hkkoksa dk o.kZu pjd us fd;k gSA (BHU 2009) 23
vkxUrqd jksx izfr"ks/k mik; %& izKkijk/k dk ifjR;kx] ns'k&dky dk Kku] LoLFko`Ÿk ikyu vkSj
vkIrksins'k dk Kku] lRlax] lgp;Z ,oa vlRlax dk ifjR;kxA
nf/k lsou fof/k %& ¼1½ jkf= esa ,oa xeZ djds nf/k ugha [kkuk pkfg,A
¼2½ ?k`r@'kdZjk@eqnx;w"k@e/kq@vkWoys & dks fcuk feyk, ngha u [kk;sA
vU;Fkk miæo& Toj] jäfiÙk $ dq"B] foliZ $ ik.Mq] mxz dkeyk$ Hkze jksx jksx gksus dh laHkkouk jgrh gS
8- bfUæ;ksiØe.kh; v/;k;
eu ds i;kZ; %& vrhfUæ;] lRo ,oa psr & vrhfUæ;a iqueZu% lRolaKda psr bR;kgqjd
s s ¼p- lw- 8@4½
eu lHkh bfUnz;ksa dh ps"Vkvksa dk iz/kku dkj.k gSA & ps"VkizR;;Hkwre~ bfUæ;k.kke~A ¼p- lw- 8@4½
deZ & eu% iqj% ljk.khfUæ;k.;FkZxzg.k leFkkZfu HkofUrA ¼p- lw- 8@7½
bfUæ; iap iapd
iap bfUæ; iap bfUæ; æO; vf/k"Bku bfUæ;kFkZ iapsfUæ; cqf)
1- Jks= [k ¼vkdk'k½ d.kZ 'kCn Jks= cqf)
2- Li'kZu ok;q Ropk Li'kZ Li'kZu cqf)
3- p{kq T;ksfr vf{k :i p{kq cqf)
4- jlu ty ftg~ok jl jlu~ cqf)
5- ?kzk.k Hkw ukfldk xU/k ?kzk.k cqf)
jksx@vkjksX; % & fodkjks /kkrqoS"kE;a] lkE;a izÑfr:P;rsA lq[klaKdekjksX;a] fodkjks nq%[keso pAA ¼p-lw- 9@4½
• jksxLrq nks"koS"kE;a nks"klkE;ejksxrkA & ¼v- â- lw- 1@19½
fpfdRlk ds prq"ikn %& fHk"kXæO;k.;qiLFkkrk jksxh iknprq"V;e~A xq.kor~ dkj.ka Ks;a fodkjO;qi'kkUr;sAA
1- fHk"kd ds xq.k 2- vkS"k/k ds xq.k 3- mikLFkkrk ds xq.k 4- jksxh ds xq.k
¼1½ J`rs i;ZonkrRoa ¼1½ cgqrk ¼1½ mipkjKrk ¼1½ Le`fr%
¼2½ cgq'kks n`"VdeZrk ¼2½ ;ksX;Roa ¼2½ nk{;a ¼2½ funsZ'kdkfjRo
¼3½ nk{;a ¼3½ vusdfo/kdYiuk ¼3½ vuqjkx'p ¼3½ vHkh:Roe~
¼4½ 'kkSpe~ ¼4½ lair~ ¼4½ 'kkSpe~ ¼4½ KkidRoe~
oS| dh iz/kkurk %& dkj.ka "kksM'kxq.ka fl)kS iknprq"V;e~A foKkrk 'kkflrk ;ksDrk iz/kkua fHk"kx= rqA ¼p-lw- 9@10½
¼1½ fpfdRlk ds prq"ikn esa oS| foKkrk] 'kkflrk] ;ksDrk gksus ls iz/kku gS & ¼pjd½
izk.kkfHklj oS| y{k.k& ¼4½ & rLekr~ 'kkL=·FkZ foKkus izo`rkS deZn'kZusA fHk"kd~ prq"V;s ;qä% izk.kkfHklj mP;rsA
¼1½ 'kkL= Kku esa ¼2½ 'kkL= vFkZ ds leÖkus esa ¼3½ izR;{k deZ ¼4½ izR;K n'kZu esa & izo`fÙk okyk
izk.kkfHklj oS| dgykrk gSA
¼izk.kkpk;Z %& 'khyoku~ efreku~ ;qäks f}tkfr% 'kkL=ikjx%A izkf.kfHkxqZ:oRiwT;% izk.kkpk;Z% l fg Le`r%A ¼p- fp-1@4@51½
jktkgZ oS| Kku %& ¼4½ & gsrks fyaxs iz'keus jksxk.kkeiquHkZosA Kkua prqfoZ/ka ;L; l jktkgksZ fHk"käe~AA
¼1½ jksxksa ds gsrq ¼2½ jksxksa ds y{k.k ¼3½ jksxksa dk iz'keu mik; ¼4½ jksx dks iqu% u gksus nsus dk mik;
& bu pkjksa ckrksa dk Kkuh gksA
oS| ds xq.k %& ¼6½ fo|k fordhZ foKkua Le`fr% rRijrk fØ;kA ;L;Srs "kM~xq.kkLrL; u lk/;efr orZrsA
¼1½ fo/kk ¼2½ fordZ ¼3½ foKku ¼4½ Le`fr ¼5½ rRijrk vkSj ¼6½ fpfdRlk fØ;k esa layXurkA &
;s N% xq.k jgrs gSa rks mldh fpfdRlk ls tks lk/; jksx gS os v';eso Bhd gks tkrs gSaA
miek %& 'kkL=a T;ksfr% izdk'kukFkZ n'kZua cqf)jkReu%A 'kkL= & T;ksfr 'kkL= cqf) & us=A
fo"k;ksa dks izdkf'kr djus ds fy, 'kkL= ,d T;ksfr gS vkSj viuh cqf) gh us= gSA
oS| dh 4 o`fÙk;ka %& eS=h dk:.;ekrsZ"kq 'kD;s izhfr:is{k.ke~A izÑfrLFks"kq Hkwrs"kq oS|o`fÙk% prqfoZ/kkAA ¼p-lw- 9@26½
¼1½ eS=h & izk.khek= ls fe=rkA
¼2½ dk:.; & jksxh ij n;kA
¼3½ 'kD;s izhfr & lk/; jksxksa esa izseiwoZd fpfdRlkA
¼4½ mis{kk & vlk/; jksx@jksxh ds izfr mis{kkA
izÑfrLFk & ej.k ds lehi x;k gqvk & pØikf.kA
'kL=a 'kkL=kf.k lfyya xq.knks"k izo`r;sA ik=kis{kh.;r% izKka fpfdRlkFkZ fo'kks/k;sr~AA ¼p-lw- 9@20½
'kL=a] 'kkL=kf.k] lfyya vius esa xq.k ;k nks"k mRiUu djus ds fy, ik= dh vis{kk djrs gSaA os tSls ik= esa tkrs gSa
25
mlds vuqlkj gh xq.k ;k nks"k xzg.k dj ysrs gSaA
10- egkprq"ikn v/;k;
prq"ikn %& prq"ikna "kksM'kdyka Hks"ktfefr fHk"ktks Hkk"kUrsA & "kksM~'kdyk ls ;qDr prq"ikn dks ^Hks"kt* dgrs gSaA
uksV %& bl v/;k; esa prq"ikn dh lQyrk esa ^eS=s; dh 'kadk* vkSj vk=s; }kjk lUnsg & fuokj.k dk o.kZu gSA
jksx ds Hksn %& lq[k lk/;a era lk/;a ÑPNªlk/;eFkkfi pA f}fo/ka pkI;lk/;a L;k|kI;a ;PpkuqiØee~AA
¼1½ lk/; %& 2 & 1- lq[k lk/; 2- ÑPNªlk/;A ¼2½ vlk/; %& 1- ;kI; 2- vuqiØeA
Lkk/; ds iqu% 3 Hksn gksrs gSA & 1- vYi mik; lk/; 2- e/; mik; lk/; 3- mRd`"V mik; lk/;
• fodYiks u Rolk/;kuka fu;rkuka fodYiukA tks jksx fuf'pr :i ls vlk/; gSa mudk dksbZ Hksn ugha gksrk gaSA
• vlk/; jksxksa dh fpfdRlk djus ls & vFkZ] fo|k ,oa ;’k dh gkfu gksrh gSA (BHU 2008)
• ijh{;dkfj.kks fg dq’kyk HkofUrA ¼p- lw- 10@5½ & (Himachal PSC 2012)
• vuqiØe dk vFkZ gksrk gSA & vfpfdRLkh;A (BHU 2006)
1- lq[klk/; jksx
¼1½ gsro% iwoZ:ikf.k :ik.;Yikfu & jksx ds gsrq] iwoZ:i vkSj y{k.k vYi ek=k esa gksA
¼2½ u p rqY; xq.kks nw";ks u nks"k% izÑfr Hkosr~ &¼1½ jksxksRiknd nks"k] nw"; vkSj jksxh dh izÑfr leku u gksA
¼3½ u p dky xq.kLrqY;ks & nks"k ds xq.k vkSj dky ¼_rq½ ds xq.k leku u gks
¼4½ u ns'kks nq:iØe% & ns'k fpfdRlk djus esa :dkoV mRiUu djus okyk u gksA
¼5½ xfr% ,dk uoRoa p & jksx ,d ekxZ okyk vkSj uohu gksA
¼6½ jksxL; miæoks u p & jksx fdlh Hkh izdkj ds miæo ls jfgr gksA
¼7½ nks"k'pSd% leqRiÙkkS & jksx dh mRifÙk dk dkj.k ,d gh nks"k gksA
¼8½ nsg% loksZ"k/k{ke% & jksxh dh nsg loZ izdkj dh vkS"k/kksa ds lsou esa le{k gks
¼9½ prq";knksiifÙk'p lq[klk/;L; y{k.ke~ & fpfdRlk ds prq"ikn xq.klEiUu gksA
2- ÑPNª lk/; jksx
¼1½ fufeÙkiwoZ:ik.kka :ik.kka e/;es cys & gsrq] iwoZ:i] :i & e/;e cy okys gks
¼2½ dky izÑfr nw";k.kka lkekU;s·U;reL;p & dky] izÑfr] nw";& buesa ls dksbZ 1 jksxksRiknd nks"k ds leku
xq.k okyk gksA
¼3½ xfHkZ.kho`) ckykuka ukO;qiæoihfMre & jksxh xfHkZ.kh] ckyd ;k o`) gks] miæo vf/kd gksA
¼4½ 'kL={kkjkfXu ÑR;kuka vuao ÑPNªns'ke~ & 'kL=/kkj] vfXudeZ lk/;] iqjkru] eekZfJr gksA
¼5½ f}iFka ukfrdkya ok & jksx nks ekxks± esa gks] vYi iqjkru gks] nks nks"kksa ls mRiUu gksA
¼6½ ukfriw.kZ prq"ine~ & fpfdRlk ds prq"ikn iw.kZ u gksA
¼7½ d`PNªlk/;a f}nks"kte~ & tks nks nks"k ls mRiUu gqvk gksA
3- ;kI; jksx
¼1½ 'ks"kRokn~ vk;q"kks ;kI;e~ & vk;q 'ks"k jgus ls jksxh thfor jgrk gSA
¼2½ iF; lso;k yC/kkYilq[ka & iF; vkgkj fogkj ds lsou ls FkksM+k ykHk gksrk gSA
¼3½ vYisu gsrquk vk'kqizorZde~ & iqu% vYi dkj.k ls gh 'kh?kz mxz gks tk, ;kI; gSA
¼4½ xEHkhja cgq /kkrqLFka & tks jksx xEHkhj /kkrqxr gks] dbZ /kkrqvksa esa QSyk gksA
¼5½ eeZlfU/klekfJre~ & eeZ vkSj laf/k izns'kksa esa gqvk gksA
¼6½ fuR;kuq'kkf;u jksxa & tks fuR; gh ckj ckj nkSjs ds :i esa vkrk gSA
¼7½ jksxa nh?kZdkye~ vofLFkre~ & tks nh?kZdky ls pyk vk jgk gksA
¼8½ fo|kn~ f}nks"kta & tks nks nks"k ls mRiUu gqvk gks & ;kI; gSA
4- vuqiØe ¼izR;k[;s;½ jksx
¼1½ r}r izR;k[;s;a f=nks"kte~& tks jksx rhuksa nks"kksa ls mRiUu gqvk gksA
¼2½ fØ;kiFke~ vfrØkUra & fpfdRlk dh lhek yka?k x;k gksA
¼3½ loZekxkZuqlkfj.ke~ & lHkh ekxksZ essa O;kIr gks x;k gksA 26
¼4½ vkSRlqD;a] vjfr & mRlqdrk ¼thou dh j{kk gksxh@ugha½ cSpuh gksA (Mah PG 2015)
¼5½ laeksgdje~] bfUæ;uk'kue~ & ewPNkZ mRiUu gksrh gks] bfUæ;ksa dh 'kfDr {kh.k gks xbZA
¼6½ nqcZyL; lqlao`)a O;kf/ka & nqcZy jksxh gks vkSj jksx [kwc c<+k gqvk gksA
¼7½ lkfj"Veso p & ftl jksx esa vfj"V ds y{k.k mRiUu gks x;s gksA
• ufg Hks"kt lk/;kuka O;k/khuka Hks"ktdkj.ka HkofrA & vkS"k/k lk/; O;kf/k;ksa esa vkS"k/k dk iz;ksx O;FkZ ugha gksrk gSA
lq[klk/; jksx ds viokn %& Tojs rqY;rqZ nks"kRoa izesgs rqY;n`";rkA jäxqYes iqjk.kRoa lq[kklk/;L; y{k.kaA
¼1½ Toj & izkÑr Toj 'kjn] calUr esa & lq[klk/;A o"kkZ _rq esa & d"Vlk/;A
¼2½ xqYe & jäxqYe ¼iqjkuk gks rc½ & lq[klk/;
¼3½ izesg esa & dQt izseg ¼rqY; nks"k&nw";½& lq[klk/;
fiÙkt izesg ¼vrqY; nks"k*&nw";½ & ;kI;A
viquZHkooknh
A
izR;{koknh Jqfroknh
¼2½ LoHkkooknh %& dqN yksx LoHkko dks tUe ds izfr dkj.k ekurs gSaA iapegkHkwr vkSj vkRek buds vius y{k.k
¼vfXu esa m".krk vkfn½ LokHkkfod tkuuk pkfg, fdUrq buds la;ksx vkSj fo;ksx esa deZ gh dkj.k gSA
¼3½ ijfuekZ.koknh %& dqN yksx ij ¼vFkkZr~ bZ'oj½ fuekZ.k dks tUe dk dkj.k ekurs gSaA
[k.Mu & tks vukfn psruk /kkrq gS mldk nwljs fuekZ.k ugha gks ldrkA
¼4½ ;n`PNkoknh %& dqN yksxksa dk er gS fd ;ksa gh txr dh mRifÙk gks tkrh gS dksbZ dkj.k ugha gSA
[k.Mu & ;n`PNkoknh izek.k] ijh{kk] drkZ] dkj.k] nso] _f"kZ] fl)] deZ] deZQy] vkSj vkRek dks ugha ekurk gSA
blfy, ;s lcls ?kksj ukfLrd gS] bl ukfLrd er dks ekuuk lc ikiksa ls cM+k iki gSA 27
prqfoZ/k ijh{kk,W
f}fo/keso [kyq loZ lPpklPp] rL; prqfoZ|k ijh{kk & vkIrksins'k% izR;{ka] vuqekua] ;qfä'psfrAA
1- vkIrksins'k %& jtLreksH;ka fueqZDrk% riksKku cysu ;sA ;s"kka f=dkyeeya KkueO;kgra lnkAA
vkIrk% f'k"Vk fccq}kLrs rs"kka okD;ela'k;e~A lR;a] o{;fUr rs dLeknlR;a uhjtLrek%A ¼p-lw- 11@8½
vkIriq:"kksa ds okD;ksa ds vkIrksins'k izek.k ekuk tkrk gSA
vkIr y{k.k %& ri] Kku cy ls tks jt vkS re ls loZFkk eqDr gks x, gks ftUgsa rhuksa dkyksa dk ;FkkFkZ rFkk ck/kkjfgr
Kku gks os vkIr@f'k"V@focq) gSA bu vkIr iq:"kksa ds opu la'k;jfgr vkSj lR; gksrs gSa os jt vkSj re ls eqDr gS
rks fQj vlR; D;ksa dgsaxsA
¼1½ vkfIr & fo"k;ksa dk lk{kkRdkj ¼2½ vkIr & tks vkfIr }kjk deZ djsAa
vkIrksins'k@,frg~;@vkxe izek.k dks U;k; ofrZdkj us 'kCn izek.k ekuk gSA
2- izR;{k %& vkResfUæ;euksFkkZuka lfUud"kkZr~ izorZrsA ;Drk rnkRos ;k cqf)% izR;{k lk fu:P;rsA ¼p-lw- 11@19½
vkRek $ bfUæ; $ eu $ fo"k;&bu pkjksa ds la;ksx ls rRdky tks fu';pkRed Kku gksrk gS mls izR;{k dgrs gSa
3- vuqeku %& izR;{kiwoZ f=fo/ka f=dkya pkuqeh;rsA ofâfuxw<ks /kwesu eSFkqua xHkZn'kZukr~AA
,oa O;oL;UR;rhra chtkRQyeukxre~A n`"Vok chtkRQya tkrfegSo ln`'ka cq/kk%AA ¼p-lw- 11@20½
izR;{k Kku gks tkus ds ckn mlds gh vk/kkj ij rhu izdkj dk rFkk rhuksa dkyksa dk vuqeku fd;k tkrk gSA tSls &
/kwe ns[kdj fNih gqbZ gSA ¼orZekudkfyd½ vfXu dks vuqeku ls tku fy;k tkrk gSA xHkZ dks ns[kdj ¼Hkwrdky esa½ L=h
dk iq:"k ls lgokl gksuk tkuk tkrk gSA blh izdkj cht dks ns[kdj ¼blh izdkj cht dks ns[kdj Hkfo"; esa mRiUu
gksus okys½ vukxr Qy dk vuqeku dj fy;k tkrk gS ;gh vuqeku izek.k gSA
4- ;qfDr %&¼1½- ty d"kZ.k cht% _rqla;ksxkr~ 'kL; laHkoA ;qfDr% "kM~/kkrq la;ksxkn~ xHkZ.kka laHkoLrFkkAA
eUFk eUFku eUFkku la;ksxknfXu laHko%A ;qfDr ;qDrk prq";knlain O;kf/kfuoZg.khAA
1- ftl izdkj & ty] df"kZr Hkwfe] cht] _rq & o`{k mRifÙkA
mlh izdkj & iapegkHkwr vkSj vkRek ds la;ksx & f'k'kq ¼xHkZ½ mRifÙk && ;qfDr gSA
2- ftl izdkj & eUFk] eUFku vkSj eUFkku & vfXu fuekZ.kA
mlh izdkj & Loxq.k lEiUu fpfdRlk ds prq"ikn & O;kf/kuk'kA && ;qfDr gSA
¼2-½ cqf) i';fr ;k Hkkoku~ cgqdkj.k;ksxtku~A ;qfDrfL=dkyk ;k Ks;k f=oxZ% lk/;rs ;;kAA
vusd dkj.kksa ds la;ksx ls mRiUu gq, vfoKkr Hkkoksa ¼fo"k;ksa½ dks foKkr fo"k;ksa ds dk;Z dkj.kHkko ds vuqlkj tks cqf)
ns[krh gS vFkkZr~ Kku djkrh gS mls ;qfDr dgrs gSaA f=oXkZ & /keZ] vFkZ vkSj dkeA flf) esa ;qfDr lk/kd gSA
iquZtUe flf) %& vkpk;Z pjd us bUgha prqfoZ/k izek.kksa }kjk fl) fd;k gS fd iquZtUe gksrk gSA
vkpk;Z pjd us izR;{k ls iqutZUe flf) esa 13 mnkgj.k fn;s gSaA
Li'kZusfUæ; dk O;kIdRo %& r=Sada Li'kZufefUæ;k.kka bfUæ;O;kida psr% leokf;A ¼p-lw- 11@38½
Li'kZsfUæ; lHkh bfUæ;ksa esa O;kIr jgrh gS
¼okr laca/kh v"V iz'u & mÙkj½ → dq’k dqekj okgkjh ckcw oh&ek djks vk=s; th dk
¼1½ dq'k %& okr ds 6 xq.k crk;sA ^:{k y?kq 'khr nk:.k [kjfo'knk% "kfMes okrxq.kk HkofUr*A ¼dq'k½
¼nh?kZthforh; v/;k; esa okr ds 7 xq.k crk;s ;gka lw{e] py ds LFkku nk:.k xq.k crk;k gSA½
okr ds xq.k %& 7 & :{k% 'khrks y?kq% lw{e'pyks·Fk fo'kn% [kj%A ¼p-lw- 1@59½
¼4½ cfM'k /kkekZxo %& ^vla?kkr ,oa vukofLFkr okr ds izdksi ,oa 'keu dh izfØ;k* crk;hA
¼1½ :{k y?kq 'khrnk:.k [kj fo'kn vkSj lqf"kj mRiknd inkFkZ & okr dk izdksidA
¼2½ fLuX/k xq:".k'y{k.k e`nqfifPNy vkSj ya?ku dkjd inkFkZ & okr iz'keukfuA
ok;q ds i;kZ; & e`R;q] ;e] fu;Urk] iztkifr] vfnfr] fo'odekZ] fo'o:i%] loZx] Hkxoku~] lw{e] vO;;] foHkq] fo".kqA
• dk’;i us vUu dks ^iztkifr* dh laKk nh gSA
• pjdkuqlkj vO;;] fo'o:i% vkSj foHkq] fo'odekZ vkRek vkSj ok;q nksuksa ds i;kZ; gSA
• lqJqr us ok;q] dky vkSj tBjkfXu bu lHkh dks *Hkxoku~* 'kCn ls lEcksf/kr fd;k gSA & ok;q Hkxoku~ dh t;
¼6½ efjp %& ^fiÙk lac/a kh o.kZu* fd;kA ^vfXujso 'kjhjs fiÙkkUxrZ% dqfirkdqfir% 'kqHkk'kqHkkfu djksfr%*A
ifDr&vifDr] n'kZu&vnZ'ku] izkÑr&foÑro.kZ] 'kkS;Z&Hk;] Øks/k&g"kZ] eksg&izlkn vkfn vusd izdkj ds }U}
izkÑfrd fiÙk dh fLFkfr dk gh ifj.kke gSA
¼7½ dkI; %& ^dQ laca/kh o.kZu* fd;kA ^lkse ,oa 'kjhjs 'ys"ekUrxZr% dqfirkdqfir% 'kqHkk'kqHkkfu djksfr*A
n`<+rk&'kSfFkY;] LFkwyrk&Ñ'krk] mRlkg&vkyL;] o`"krk&Dyhork] Kku&vKku] cqf)&eksg rFkk vU; Hkh }U}ksa dks
dQ mRiUu djrk gSA
¼8½ vk=s; %& ^f=nks"k lEcU/kh fu.kZ;kRed er* ,oa mldk loZleFkZuA vr% esa lHkh ds er vuqlkj vk=s; us
vius fopkj O;Dr fd, fd okr fiÙk ;s rhuksa gh le ¼izkÑr½ fLFkfr esa jgrs gSa rc & vkjksX; o nh?kkZ;q dh izkfIr 30
gksrh gS fo"kekLFkk esa jksx ,oa e`R;qdkj.k gSA vkJs; ds er dk lHkh us leFkZu fd;kA
13- Lusgk/;k;
vfXuos'k ds Lusg fo"k;d ^25 iz'uksa* dk o.kZu gqvk gSA
¼1½ Lusg dh ;ksfu;ka %& ¼1½ LFkkoj & fry vkfn dk Lusg ¼2½ tkaxe & nw/k] ngh] ekal] ?k`r] olk eTtk] LusgA
1- fry rSy & fryrSya fo’k";rs cykFkZs Lusgus 2- ,j.M rSy & vxza ,j.Ma rq fojspus & vxz@loZJs"B æO; gSA
¼2½ Lusg ds Hksn %& prqfoZ/k Lusg & ?k`r] rSy] olk eTtkA
?k`r ¼mÙke½ & laLdkjksa ls nwljksa ds xq.kksa dk vuqorZu djus okykA
Lusg xq.kdeZ iz;ksT; _rq
?k`r ?k`ra fiÙkkfuygja jl'kqØkStlka fgre~A fuokZi.ka e`nqdja] Lojo.kZ izlknue~A 'kjn
rSy ek:r?ua u p 'ys"eo/kZua cyo/kZue~A RoP;a m".ka fLFkjdja rSya ;ksfufo'kks/kue~A izko`V
olk fo)HkXukgr Hkz"V;ksfu d.kZf'kjks:ftA ikS:"kksip;s Lusgs O;k;kes ps";rs olkA ek/ko ¼oS'kk[k½
eTtk cy]'kqØ]jl]’ys"e]esnks]eTtk] foo/kZu%A eTtk fo'ks"krks·LFuka p cyÑr Lusgus fgr%A ek/ko ¼oS’kk[k½
¼4½ Lusg iz;ksx dky %& vR;Ur 'khr vkSj vR;ar m".k dky esa loZFkk Lusg dk lsou ugha djuk pkfg,
1- okrfiÙkkf/kd ,oa m".kdky esa & jkf= esa Lusgiku
2- dQkf/kd ,oa 'khrdky esa & fnu esa Lusgiku
• okrfiÙkkf/kd ,oa m".kdky esa & fnu esa Lusgiku ls ewPNkZ] fiiklk] mUekn o dkeyk jksx gks ldrs gSA
• dQkf/kd ,oa 'khrdky esa & jkf= esa Lusgiku ls vU;Fkk vkukg] v:fp] 'kwy o ik.Mq jksx gks ldrs gSA
¼5½ Lusgiku dk vuqiku %& ^tyeq".ka |`r is;]a ;w"kLrSys·uq'kL;rsAolkeTtksLrq e.M% L;kRlosZ"kw".keFkkEcq okAA
¼1½ ?k`r & m".k ty ¼3½ olk] eTtk & e.MA
¼2½ rSy & ;w"k ¼4½ vFkok lcds ckn & m".k tyA
¼6½ Lusg dh izfopkj.kk;s %& ¼24½ & pjd ¼dk';i & 20½
¼1½ jl ¼5½ ekla ¼9½ nw/k ¼13½ [k.M ¼17½ Hk{; ¼21½ uL;
¼2½ vksnu ¼6½ lwi ¼10½ ngh ¼14½ dkEcfyd ¼18½ vH;katu ¼22½ x.Mw"k
¼3½ foysih ¼7½ 'kkd ¼11½ e| ¼15½ frydYd ¼19½ d.kZrSy ¼23½ ofLr
¼4½ ;okxw ¼8½ ;w"k ¼12½ ysg ¼16½ lÙkw ¼20½ vf{kriZ.k ¼24½ mÙkjofLr
1- izfopkj.kk %& Lusg dks HkksT; inkFkks± ds lkFk ysukA 2- ^vPNiku* & dsoy Lusgiku ¼izFke dYiuk½A
vPNis;Lrq ;% Lusgks u rkekgqfoZpkj.kke~A LusgL; ; fHk"kXn`"V% dYi% izFkedfYid%A ¼p- lw 13@26½
jlksa ds la;ksx ls 64 izfopkj.kk,a %& 64 & ¼pjd ,oa okXHkê½ & 1½ jlksa ds la;ksx ls & 63 ¼2½ vPNiku & 1A
¼enfcHkza'kk %& lq[kiwoZd Lusgu ,oa 'kks/ku ds fy, iz;qDr Lusg dh e/;e ek=k½
iz/kku ek=k & nks"kkuqdf"kZ.kh ek=k loZekxkZuqlkfj.kh A cY;k iquuZodkjh 'kjhjsfUnz;psrlke~A (Himachal PSC 2012)
31
âLo;lh ek=k & Lusg ijh{kkFkZ gLo esa Hkh de ek=k tks 2 ;ke ls Hkh de le; esa th.kZ gks tk,A & ¼okXHkê½
Lusg xq.kdeZ
1- ?k`r okrfiÙk izÑfr] okrfiÙkt jksx] {kr{kh.k] nkg]'kL=]fo"k]vfXu&gr jksxh] lkSdqek;Z cy&o.kZ]Loj izlknu
p{kq%dkek] vk;q%izd"kZdkek] iqf"Vdkek%] iztkdkek%] nhfIr] vkst] Le`fr] es/kk] vfXu] cqf)] bfUæ;cy &gsrq
2- rSy izo`) 'ys"eesn] LFkwyxyksnjk%] okrizÑfr] okrO;kf/k] ^Ñfedks".ka] Øwjdks"B] ukMhoz.k esaA
¼'kjhj esa & cy] ruqRo] y?kqrk] n`<+rk gsrq½ ¼Ropk esa fLuX/k 'y{k.krk gsrq½A
3- olk okrkrlgk] :{kk] Hkkjk/odf'kZrk] la'kq"d jsrks:f/kjk] dQesn{k;k] egr~ vfXucy] olklkRE;
vfLFk&lfU/k&fljk&Luk;q&eeZdks"B egk:t%] lzks=kso`Ùk cyoku ok;q izdksi esaA
4- eTtk nhIrkfXu] Dys'klgk] ?kLejk] lnkLusglsfou% okrkrkZ] Øwjdks"BkA
vPN Lusg izg"kZ dky %& ¼1½ e`nqdks"Bh esa & 3 fnu rdA ¼2½ Øwj dks"Bh esa & 7 fnu rdA
Lusgu ;ksX; %& Los|k% 'kks/kf;rkO;k'p :{kk okrfodkfj.k%A O;k;kee|L=hfuR;k% Lusák% L;q;sZ p fpUrdk%A
ftudks Losnu@'kks/ku djkuk gks] :{k] okrO;kf/k ls ihfM+r jksxh] fuR; O;k;ke] e|] L=hizlax dk lsoh ,oa
fpUrk'khy O;fDr;ksa dks Lusgu djsAa
Lusgu vk;ksX; %& m:LrEHk] vkeokr] mRlUu dQesn okys jksx] eUnkfXu] xfHkZ.kh] rkyq'kks"k] r`".kk] ewPNkZ ds jksxh]
vUu}s"kh] NfnZ] mnjjksx] vkenks"k] fo"kkä jksxh] nqcy
Z ] {kh.k ,oa ftUgsa uL;] ofLr nh xbZ gks& Lusgu v;ksX; gSA
vfLuX/k %& xzafFkr] :{k & iqjh"k] izfrykse & ok;q] ean & vfXu] :{k] [kj & 'kjhjA
lE;d~ fLuX/k %& opZ & fLuX/k] vlagre~] okrqykseu] nhIrkfXu] 'kjhj esa eknZo] fLuX/krkA
vfrfLuX/k %& ik.Mqrk] xkSjo] tkM~;] iqjh"kL;kfoiDork] rUnzk v:fp mRDys'k L;kr~ vfrfLuX/k y{k.ke~A
Lusgiku ls iwoZ Hkkstu & nzoks".keufHk";fUn HkksT;Uua & 1 fnu iwoZ &æo] m".k vufHk";Unh] uhfr fLuX/k Hkkstu djsA
¼1½ la'kks/ku gsrq & jkf= Hkkstu th.kksZijkUr & e/;e ek=kA
¼2½ la'keu gsrq & Hkkstu ds le; Hkw[k yxus ij & iz/kku ek=kA
¼1½ lke fiÙk esa & dsoy ?k`riku ¼vPNiku½ dk fu"ks/k gSA
¼2½ fujke fiÙk esa & dsoy ?k`riku ¼vPNiku½ djkuk pkfg,A
e`nqdkss"B %& mnh.kZfiŸk·YidQk xzg.kh eUnek:rkA e`nqdks"BL; rLekr~ l lqfojsP;ks uj% Le`r%A ¼p-lw- 13@71½
ftldh xzg.kh dyk esa fiÙk & izcy] dQ & U;wu ,oa okr & ean jgrh gS ^og e`nq dks"B* O;fDr gSA
mldk lw[kiwoZd fojspu gksrk gSA fojsP; æO; & xqM] nw/k] b{kqjl] eLrq] d'kZjk] dk'e;Z] f=Qyk] æk{kkjlA
Lusg O;kin %& ¼19 miæo½ & rUæk] mRDys'k] vkukg] Toj] LrEHk] folaKrk] dq"B] d.Mw] ik.Mw] v'kZ] 'kksFk]
v:fp] mnjjksx] xzg.kh] mnj'kwy] LrSfeR;] r`".kk] ftâokLrHk vkSj vkenks"kA
fpfdRlk & 1- Losnu] oeu] lalzuA
2- :{kkUuiku] rØkfj"V] f=Qyk ,oa ewyksa dk iz;ksxA
1- oeukFkZ Lusg & Lusg iku ds ^1 fnu ckn* æo] m".k] ekal jl vkSj Hkkr f[kykdj oeu djkuk pkfg,A
2- fojspukFkZ Lusg & Lusgiku ds ^3 fnu ckn* fojspu djk;s gSaA ¼izLdanua fojspue~ & fojspu dk Ik;kZ; gS½
fopkj.kk & Lusg f}"k% LusgfuR;k e`nqdks"B’p ;s ujk%A Dys'klgk e|fuR;k% rs"kkfe"Vk fopkj.kkA ¼p-lw- 13@82½
fopkj.kk ;ksX; & Lusg }s"kh] LusgfuR;k] e`nqdks"Bh] Dys'klgk] fuR;e|lsoh O;fDr;ksa ds fy,A
l?k% Lusgu fof/k %& ikapizl`frdh is;k ¼?k`r] rSy] olk] eTtk vkSj r.Mqy &izR;sd 1 izl`r½& 'kh?kz Lusgu gksrk gSA
lyo.k Lusg %&yo.k fefJr lHkh Lusgksa ls 'kh?kz gh Lusgu gksrk gS ¼yo.k& vfHk";Unh] v:{k] lw{e] m".k O;ok;h½
yo.k & ^r);fHk";U|:{ka p lw{eeq".ka O;okf; p* & ¼p- lw- 13@98½ (Uattarakhand 2014) 32
14- Losnk/;k;
Losnu %& Losnlk/;k% iz'kkE;fUr xnk okrdQkRedk%A Losnu ls okr] dQt] fodkj nwj gks tkrs gSaA
✓ O;kf/k 'khr 'kjhj egkcy&egku Losn] O;kf/k 'khr 'kjhj e/;e&e/;e Losn] O;kf/k 'khr 'kjhj nqcZy&nqcZy LosnA
✓ okr'ys"e jksxksa esa & fLuX/k:{k Losn] okr jksxksa esa & fLuX/k Losn] dQ jksxksa esa & :{k LosnA
✓ vkek’k;xrs okrs dQs iDok’k;fJrsA :{kiwoksZ fgr% Losn% LusgiwoZLRkFkSo pA ¼p- lw- 13@9½
vkek'k; esa dqfir okr & ¼1½ :{k Losn → ¼2½ fLuX/k LosnA
iDok'k; esa dqfir dQ & ¼1½ fLuX/k Losn → ¼2½ :{k LosnA
laxzgs.k p "kV~ Losnk% Losnk/;k;s fuZnf’kZrk%AA &"kV Losn laxzg & ¼1½ lkfXu] fujkfXu ¼2½ ,dkax] lokZax ¼3½ fLuX/k] :{kA
¼1½ o`"k.k] ân;] us= esa & Losnu fu"ks/k gS vko';d gksus ij ^e`nq Losn* djk,A ¼v- â- & LoYi Losn½
¼2½ oa{k.k esa & ^e/;e Losn* djkrs gSa ¼v- â- & vYi Losn½
lE;d Losnu %& ¼1½ 'khr^&'kwy dh 'kkfUr ¼2½ LrEHkrk] xkSjork dk fuxzg ¼3½ 'kjhj dk eknZo ¼4½ Losn vkuk
Losn dk vfr;ksx %&¼1½ fiÙkizdksi] r`".kk] nkg] ewPNkZ ¼2½ 'kjhj lnu ¼3½ Losnkax ¼4½ vfrnkScZY;rkA
fpfdRlk & rL;kf’krh; v/;k; esa xzh"e _rq p;kZ esa of.kZr & ^e/kqj] fLuX/k ,oa 'khry* vkgkj fogkjA
¼’khrksipkj fpfdRlk & lqJqr] 'kkjX/kZj foliZ jksx dh fpfdRlk & dk’;i] LrEHku fpfdRlk & okXHkê½
Losnu v;ksX; %& d"kk; jl lsoh] fiÙkfodkj] jDrfiÙk] okrjDr] dkeyk] izegs ] e/kqesg] vfrlkj] mnjjksx]
fuR;e| lsoh] {kkj] vfXunX/k] xqnikd] xqæHkza'k] xfHkZ.kh] fo"kkZÙk] u"VlaKk vkSj frfej jksxh Losnu v;ksX; gSA
Losnu ;ksX; %& izfr';k;] dkl] 'okl] fgDdk] LojHksn] vkenks"k] 'khrnks"k] focU/k] ew=k?kkr] ew=ÑPNª f'kj%'kwy]
x`/klh] LrEHk] ladksp] [kYyh] okrd.Vd bR;kfn leLr okrdQt fodkjksa esaA
miukg ca/ku %& jkf= esa ca/kk miukg fnu esa [kksy nsuk pkfg, vkSj fnu esa ca/kk gks rks jkr esa [kksy nsuk pkfg,A
'khrdyk esa vf/kd le; rd iqfyl ca/kh jg ldrh gSA
=;ksn'k lkfXu Losn
lkfXu Losn %& pjd & 13 Hksn] dk';i & 8 Hksn] lqJqr] okXHkê & 4 Hksn ¼rki] m"e] æO;] miukg½A
v"Vkax laxzgdkj us m"e Losn ds vraxrZ 8 lkfXu Losnksa dk o.kZu fd;k gS \ ¼v- lw- 26@7½
ladj% izLrjks ukMh ifj"ksdks·oxkgue~A tsUrkdks·'e?ku% d"kwZ dqVh Hkw dqfHkdSo pA dwiks gksykd bR;srs Losn;fUr =;ksn'k%A
1-ladj 2-izLrj 3-ukMh 4-ifj"ksd 5-voxkgu 6-tsUrkd 7-v'e?ku 8-dw"kZ 9-dqVh 10-Hkw
11-dqEHkh 12-dwi 13-gksykdA
¼1½ ladj & blds varxZr ^fi.M Losn* vkrk gSA
¼2½ izLrj & xeZ xeZ Ñ'kjk@os'kokj dks euq"; yackbZ rqY; pkSdh ij QSyk nsrs gSa ml ij js'keh oL=@,j.M i=
fcNkdj] rSy Lusfgr euq"; dks lqykdj dEcy mM+k nsus Losnu gks tkrk gSA
¼3½ ukMh & 1- vkÑfr & ^xtkxzgLr laLFkku;k* & gkFkh dh lwaM dh rjg mrkj p<+ko okyhA
2- yackbZ & 1 O;ke ;k ½ O;ke $ ewyHkkx ¼ eksVk $ vxzHkkx ⅛ eksVk
3- Lo:i & ^f}fL=okZ foukfer;k* 2@3 Hkkxksa esa Vs<+h ?kqekonkj cuh gSA
¼4½ ifj"ksd & okrgj ;k okr'ys"egj æO;ksa ds DokFk dk QOckjkA
¼5½ voxkgu& okruk'kd nzO;ksa ds DokFk]rSy]?k`r] ekaljl@m".kty ls Hkjs Vc esa cSBkdj LosnuA
¼ek=k & 4 eqgZwr & Hkkoizdk'k½
¼6½ tsUrkd & ¼1½ gseUr _rq esaA
¼2½ dwVkxkj ¼xksykdkj m".k xHkZx`g½ ouck,A & ya x pkS x Å = 16 x 16 x 16 vfjRuA
¼3½ tyk'k; ds nf{k.k@if'pe esa 8 vjfRu nwjh ijA
¼7½ d"kZw Losn & pkjikbZ ds foLrj ds uhps x<~<s esa ?kwezjfgr vaxkjksa dh vfXu lsA
¼8½ dqVh Losn & NksVh o`Ùkkdkj dqVh ftlesa ^Ökjks[kk u gks* gUlfrdk dh vfXu lsA
¼9½ dwiZ Losn & pkjikbZ dh yackbZ ls nqxuk xgjk dqvka esa fu/kwZe vfXu }kjkA 33
¼fujkfXu Losn½ ¼pjd & 10] lqJqr & 7½
^O;k;ke m".klnua xq:izokj.ka {kq/kkA*cgqikua Hk; Øks/kkoqiukgkgokrik%AA Losn;fUr n'kSrkfu ujefXuxq.kkn`rsA
¼1½ O;k;ke ¼2½ m".kx`g ¼4½ Hkkjh oL= ¼4½ vkri ¼5½ vkgo
¼+6½ Øks/k ¼7½ Hk; ¼8½ Hkw[k ¼9½ cgq e|iku ¼10½ miukgA
miukg Losn & pjd & fujkfXu lqJqr & lkfXuA va"Vkx ân; ¼lkfXu] fujkfXu nksuksa½
LkqJqrkuqlkj fujkfXu Losn %& 8 & O;k;ke] fuokr] xq:izkoj.k] vkri] fu;q)] ve"kZ ¼Øks/k½] v/o ¼iSny pyuk½] Hkkj mBkuk]
dQesnks·fUors ok;kS fuokrkrixq:izkoj.kfu;q)k/oO;k;keHkkjgj.kke"ksZ% LosneqRikn;sfnfrA ¼lq- fp- 32@15½
^^=;ksn’kfo/k% Losnks fcuk n’kkfo/kks·fXukA laxzgs.k p "kV~ Losnk% Losnk/;k;s funf’kZrk%AA** ¼p- lw- 14@70½
15- midYiuh;e/;k;
¼1½ la'kks/ku vkS"k/k laxzg %& la'kks/ku fpfdRlk ls iwoZ la'kks/ku ds leLr ifj.kkeksa ds vis{kk vuqlkj vkS"k/k laxzg dj
ysuk pkfg,A nks"k] vkS"k/k] ns'k] dky] cy] 'kjhj] vkgkj] lkRE;] lRo] izÑfr vkSj o; budh voLFkk,a lw{e gksrh gSA
fpUru ls ijs gS & ^vfXuos'k* mi;qZDr 11 fcUnq fpfdRlk esa lQyrk gsrq vR;ar fopkj.kh; gSA
¼2½ la'kks/ku ls iwoZ & la'kks/ku ls iwoZ ^Lusgu] Losnu* vkfn iwoZdeZ dj ysaA
oeu deZ %& vfHkefU=r enuQy d"kk; dh ,d ek=k e/kq] eqysBh] lSa/ko vkSj Qkf.kr feykdj ihus dks nsoaAs
¼O;ogkj dh n`f"V ls enuQy pw.kZ dh oeukFkZ ek=k ¾ 3&6 ek'kk] oeukFkZ DokFk dh ek=k ¾ 4 &8 rksyk½
oeu æO; fiykus ds ^1 eqgZwr rd izrh{kk* djsa mlds ckn ;fn &
& Losn dk izknwHkkZo gksus ij & nks"kksa dk foy;u gksukA (Delhi PSC 2009)
& ykse g"kZ gksus ij & nks"kksa dk vius LFkku ls izpfyr gksukA
& dqf{k esa v/;eku & nks"kksa dk dqf{k esa igqpua kA
& gYykl rFkk vkL; lzko.k & nks"kkas dk m/oZ eq[kh gksukA
1- tkuq leku Åaps foLrj ij fcBk,a ,ao lgk;d@fe=x.k ihB ds uhps ls Åij dks xys] ukfHk nck,aA
2- u[kdfrZr nks vaxqfy;ksa ls d.B ds Hkhrj Li'kZ djkrs gq, oeu djus dks izsfjr dfj,A
oeu ds v;ksx %& oeu ds osxksa dk fdlh dkj.ko'k ckgj u fudyk] vFkok dsoy vkS"k/k dh izo`fÙk gksuk]
ok;q dh xfr izfrykse gks tkuk ;k osxksa dk foHkza’k vkSj fccU/k gksuk & ;s v;ksx ds y{k.k gSA
lE;d oeu ds y{k.k %& Øe'k% dQ → fiÙk → ok;q dk fudyuk ,ao oeu ds osxksa dk Lo;a :d tkuk
oeu ds vfr;ksx %& QsfuyjDr pfUædksixeue~* bfr vfr;ksxy{k.kkfuA& Ökkxnkj jDr fudyuk ,oa
mlesa pedrh jDr pfUædk,a fn[kukA & bls oeu dk vfr;ksx tkuuk pkfg,A
fojspu fof/k %& f=o`Ùk dYd dk 1 v{k ek=k ty vFkok fdlh æo esa ?kksydj fiyk;sA
vfr;ksx & ekal vkSj esn ds /kksou ds leku dkyk jDr fudyukA
la'kks/ku ls ykHk %& eykig jksxgja cyo.kZizlknue~A ihRok la'kks/ku lE;xk;q"kk ;qT;rs fpje~A ¼p- lw- 15@22½ 34
16- fpfdRlk izkHk`rh; v/;k;
fpfdRlk izkHk`r %& fpfdRlk esa iz;qDr gksus okyh lHkh lkefxz;ksa rFkk midj.kksa ls ;qDrA
lE;d~ fojspu ds y{k.k %&
nkScZY;a yk?koa XykfuZO;kf/kuke.kqrk :fp%A â}.kZ'kqf)% {kqÙk`".kk dkys osxizorZue~A
cq)hfUæ;eu%'kqf) ek:rL;kuqykserkA lE;dfofjäfyaxkfu dk;kXus’pkuqorZue~AA ¼p- lw- 16@6½
vfofjä ds y{k.k %&
"Bhou ân;k'kqf):RDys’k% 'ys"efiÙk;ks%A vk/ekue:fp”NfnZjnkScZY;yk?koe~A
ta?kks: lnua rUæk LrSfeR;a ihulkxe%A y{k.kkU; fofjäkuka ek:rL; p fuxzgA ¼p- lw- 16@8½
fojspu ds vfr;ksx ds y{k.k %&
foV~fiÙk'ys"eokrkukekxrkuka ;FkkØee~A ija lzofr ;nzäa esnksekalksndksiee~A
fu%’ys"efiÙkeqnda 'kksf.kr d`".keso okA r`I;rks ek:rkrZL; lks·fr;ksx% izeqár%AA ¼p- lw- 16@10½
1- Øe'k% foV~→ fiÙk→ 'ys"e→ okr ds vk tkus ds ckn ^esnksekalksndksie~* jDr ¼esn]ekal] /kksou le½ vkrk gSA
2- fu%'ys"e fiÙkeqnda & fcuk dQ] fiÙk ds ty fudyrk gS@^'kksf.kr Ñ".keso* & dkyk jDr fudyrk gksA
3- vf/kd r`".kk] okrO;Fkk] izeq|r ¾ ewPNkZ vkus yxrh gSA
oeu ds vfr;ksx ds y{k.k %& fojspu ds vfr;ksx ds le y{k.k $ m/oZxr okrjksx] okd~xzgA
la'kks/ku ls ykHk %& ¼1½ fo'kq) dks"B ¼2½ dk;kfXu & o/kZrs ¼3½ O;kf/k dk mi'keu ¼4½ LoLFkrk cuh jgrh gS
¼5½ bfUæ;] eu] cqf)] o.kZ & izlknfr ¼6½ 'kjhj cy] iqf"V] o`"krk esa o`f) ¼7½ tjk ÑPNªs.k yHkrs ¼10½ fpj thoue~A
la'kks/ku fpfdRlk dh Js"Brk %& la'kks/ku fpfdRlk la'keu fpfdRlk ls Js"B gksrh gSA
^^nks"kk% dnkfpr~ dqI;fUr ftrk ya?kuikpuS%A ftrk% la’kks/kuS;sZ rq u rs"kka iqu:n~Hko%A** ¼p- lw- 16@20½
oeu fojspu vfr;ksx fpfdRlk %& vfr;ksxkuqo)kuka lfiZ%ikua iz'kL;rs $ rSya e/kqjdS% fl)a vFkok·I;uqoklue~AA
lfiZiku] e/kqjkS"k/k fl) rSy dk iku vFkok vuqoklu ofLr nsuh pkfg,A
oeu fojspu v;ksx fpfdRlk %& ;L; Ro;ksxLra fLuX/ka iqu% la'kks/k;sr~ uje~A & Lusgu djds iqu% la'kks/ku nsA
f'kjksjksx %& 5& okrt] fiÙkt] dQt] lfUuikrt vkSj ÑfetA & pjdA
• ¼ek/ko] lqJqr] Hkko izdk’k ,oa ;ksx jRukdj & 11½
• ¼v"Vkax laxzg & 9] v"Vkax ân;& 19 ¾ 10 f’kjksjksx $ 9 f’kjdiky ds jksx½
1- okrt f'kjksjksx & fuLrq|srs Hk`'ka 'ka[kksS ?kkVk lafHk|rs rFkkA lHkzwe/; yykVa p rirhokfrosnuke~A (HPSC 2006)
• ¼'khrek:rlaLi'kkZRk~ & 'khrfiÙk vkSj okrt f’kjksjksx nksuksa dk funku gS½
2- fiÙkt f'kjksjksx & nárs :P;rs rsu f'kj% 'khra lq"kw;rsA násrs p{kq"kh r`".kk Hkze% Losn’p tk;rsAA
• ¼{kkj RkFkk e| dk vf/kd lsou ,ao Øks/k & fiÙkt f’kjksjksx dk funku gS½
•
3- dQt f'kjksjksx & f'kjks eUn:ta rsu lqIr fLrferHkkfjde~A HkoR;qRi|rs rUæk··yL;ejkspde~A
• ¼vkL;klq[kS% LoIulq[kSxqZ:fLuX/kkfrHkkStuS% & dQt f’kjksjksx dk funku gS½
• ¼vkL;klq[ka LoIulq[ka n/khfu xzkE;kSndkuwijlk% i;kafl & izesg dk funku gS½
5- Ñfet f'kjksjksx & O;/kPNsn:tk d.Mw 'kksQ nkSxZU/;nq%f[kre~A ¼p- lw- 17@19½
ânzksx %& 5 okrt] fiÙkt] dQt] lfUuikrt vkSj ÑfetA & pjdA
• lqJqr & 4 & lfUuikrt ân; jksx ugha ekuk gSA
1- okrt ânzksx & osiFkqosZ"Vua LrEHk% izeksg% 'kwU;rk nj%A âfn okrkrqjs :ia th.ksZ pkR;FkZosnukA
• ¼nj ¾ ân; esa njnj ;k ejej /ofu dh izrhfr gksuk½
4- Ñfet ânzksx & rq|ekua l ân; lwphfHkfjo eU;rsA fN|ekua ;Fkk 'kL=StkZrd.Mwa egk:te~A
5- f=nkst ânzkx
s & ânjksx% d"Vn% d"Vlk/; mäks egf"kZfHk%A
nks"keku fodYit jksx & 62 & okr] fiÙk vkSj dQ buesa {k;] LFkku] o`f) vkfn eku fodYi ls & 62 O;kf/k;kaA
lfUuikrt & 13 25 ?kVus ij & {kh.k nks"k gksus ijA
lalxZ &9 25 c<+us ij & o`) nks"k gksus ijA
i`Fkd~ &3 12 f=nks"k esa ;qxir o`f) rFkk {k; lsA
{k; ds Hksn %& pjd & 18] lqJqr& 2] 'kkajX/kZj & 5] gkjhr & 10A
18 izdkj ds {k; %& nks"k {k;& 3] /kkrq {k;& 7] ey {k; & 7 ¼iapsfUæ; eyk;ru] ew=] iqjh"k {k;½ vkst {k;&1A
36
/kkrq{k; pjdkuqlkj
1-nzojl
fr] 'kwY;rs] ? ?kêrs lgrs] 'kCna u mPpS] nzofr 'kwY;rsA ân;a rkE;fr] LoYips"VkL;kfi jl{k;sA
2- jDr i:"kk fLQqfVrk Eykuk Rox~ :{kk jäla{k;sA
3- ekal ekal{k;s fo'ks"ks.k fLQXxzhoksnj 'kq"drkA ¼vfrÑ'krk y{k.k & 'kq"dfLQxqnjxzhoks½
4- esn laf/kLQqVu] Xykfu] us=ksa esa vkyL;] mnj dk ruq gksukA
5- vfLFk vfLFkrksn] ds'kykseu[k'eJqf}t & izirua] Je] laf/k'kSfFkY;A
6- eTtk vfLFk;ka & 'kh.kZ] nqcZy] y?kq $ izrra okrjksxhf.kA
7- 'kqØ nkScZY;a eq[k'kks"k'p ik.MqRoa lnua Je%A DySO;a 'kqØfolxZ'p {kh.k 'kqØL; y{k.keA~
8- ew= ew={k;s ew=ÑPNa ew=oSo.;Zeos pA fiiklk ck/krs pkL; eq[ka p ifj'kq";frA & pjdA
9- iqjh"k 'kjhj esa :{krk o`f)] okr dh dqf{k esa ihM+k djrs gq, fr;dZ] m/oZxfr A
10 eyk;u {k; eyk;ukfu] pkU;kfr 'kwU;kfu p y?kwfu pA fo'kq"dkf.k p y{;Urs ;FkkLoa ey la{k;sA
uksV %& ¼1½ laf/k LQqVu & esn{k;A ¼4½ eq[k'kks"k & 'kqØ{k;A
¼2½ laf/k 'kSfFkY; & vfLr{k;A ¼5½ eq[k ifj'kq";a & ew={k;A
¼3½ vfLFk lkS'kh;Z & eTTkk{k;A ¼6½ fiiklk & ew={k;A
¼7½ izrraokrjksxhf.k & EkTtk{k;A ¼8½ ân;a rkE;fr & jl{k;A
^^vkst**
ân;LFk vkst y{k.k %& âfn fr"Bfr ;PNq)a jDreh"kRlihrde~A vkst% 'kjhjs la[;kra r™kk'kk™kk fou';frA ¼17@74½
vkst dk LFkku & ân;] ân;LFk vkst dk o.kZ & jDreh"kRlihrde~A
xHkkZoLFkk esa vkst %& izFkea tk;rs ákst% 'kjhjsf·Leu~ 'kjhfj.kke~A lfiZo.kZ e/kqjla yktxfU/k iztk;rsA ¼p- lw- 17@75½
xHkZLFk 'kjhj esa loZizFke vkst dh mRifÙk gksrh gSA o.kZ & lfiZo.kZ] jl & e/kqjl] xU/k & yktxfU/kA
vkst{k; %& ^^foHksfr nqcZyks·Hkh{.ka /;k;fr O;f/krsfUæ;%A nq'Nk;ks nqeuZ k :{k% {kke'pSo vkstl%{k;sAA**
euq"; Hk;Hkhr jgrk gS] nqcZy gks tkrk gS] lnSo fpfUrr vkSj /;ku eXu jgrk gS] bfUæ;ka O;fFkr jgrh gS]
ØkfUr efyu] eu mnkl jgrk gS vkSj 'kjhj :{k ,ao Ñ'k gks tkrk gSA
vkst{k; ds dkj.k % &
¼1½ O;k;eks·u'kua fpUrk :{kkYi izferk'kue~A ¼2½ okrkri lsou] Hk;] 'kksd] :{k e|iku] iztkxj.kA
¼3½ dQ] jDr] 'kqØ vkSj eyksa dk vf/kd ek=k esa fudyukA ¼4½ dky ,ao Hkwrksi?kkr ¼thok.kq laØe.k½A
vkst ds xq.k %& xq: 'khra e`nq fLuX/k cgya e/kqja fLFkje~A izlUua fifPNya 'y{.kekstks n'kxq.ka Le`re~A ¼p- fp- 24½
^^izesg fifMdk**
e/kqesg dh mis{kk djus ls 'kjhj ds ekaly izns'kksa] eeZ LFkkuksa rFkk laf/k;ksa esa lIr nk:.k izesg fifMdk,s gksrh gSA
1- pjd & 7 %& 1- 'kjkfodk 2- dPNfidk 3- tkfyuh & dPNªlk/;A & ¼ákfrcyk% izHkwr 'ys"eesnl%½aA
4- l"kZih 5- vyth 6 fourk 7- foæf/k & vYi esnl esa lk/;A &¼fiÙk iz/kku@ fiÙkksYo.kk½A
2- dk';i & 8 %& pjdksDr & 7 $ v:af"kdkA
3- Hkkst & 9 %& pjdksDr 7 & fourk $ ^dqyfRFkdk*] iqf=.kh] fonkfjdkA ¼elwfjdk] fourk ugha ekuh gSA½ 37
4- lqJqr] okXHkê & 10 %& pjdksDr 7 $ ^elwfjdk* iqf=.kh] fonkfjdkA
izesg fifMdk y{k.k ¼pjd lw= v- 17@82&90½
1- 'kjkfodk vUrks™krk e/;fuEuk ';kok Dysn:xkfUorkA 'kjkfodk L;kr~ fiMdk 'kjkokÑfrlafLFkrkAA
2- dPNfidk voxk<kfrZ fuLrksnk] egkokLrqifjxzgkA 'y{k.kk dPNªi"` BkHkk fiMdk dPNih erkA
3- tkfyuh LrC/kk f’kjktkyorh fLuX/klzkok egk'k;kA :tkfuLrksncgqyk lw{ekfNæk p tkfyuhAA
4- l"kZfidk fiMdk ukfregrh] f{kizikdk egk:tkA l"kZih l"kZikHkkfHk% fiMdkfHkf’prk Hkosr~AA
5- vyth ngfr RopeqRFkkus r`".kkeksgTojiznkA foliZR;fu’ka] nq%[kkr~ ngR;fXufjokythAA
6- fourk voxk<+:tk] Dysnk] i`"B@mnj ij mRiUuA egrh fourk uhyk fiMdk fourk erkA
7- foæf/k 2 izdkj dh gksrh gS ¼1½ cká ¼2½ vkH;arjA
^^fonzf/k**
fu:fDr %& nq"Vjäkfrek=kRokr~ l oS 'kh?kza fonársA rr% 'kh?kz fonkfgRokn~ foæf/k% bR;fHk/kh;rsAA ¼p- lw- 17@95½
nq"V jä dh vfrek=k gksus ls ;g 'kh?kz fonkg;qä gks tkrh gSA blfy;s bls foæf/k dgrs gSaA
pjd us fonzf/k ds 2 Hksn ekuss gSA ¼lqJqr & 6½
1- cká foæf/k %& ¼3 LFkku½ & Rod] ekal] Luk;q esa mRiUu gksrh gSA& d.MkjkHkk egk:tkA
2- vkH;rj foæf/k %&¼9 LFkku½ & ân;] ofLr] ukfHk] ;Ñr] Iyhgk] Dykse o`Dd] dqf{k] oa{k.kA ¼lqJqr&10& xqnk½A
_rquqlkj xfr %& p;izdksiiz'kek% fiÙkknhuka ;FkkØee~A HkoUR;sdSd"k% "kV~lq dkys"oHkzkxekfn"kqAA ¼p- lw- 17@114½
fiÙk] dQ vkSj ok;q bu rhu nks"kksa dk Øe ls lap;] izdksi ,oa iz’ke o"kkZ] 'kjn] gseUr] calr] xzh"e vkSj izko`V~ esa
,d ,d dk gksrk jgrk gSA
¼1½ izkÑrkLrq cya 'ys"ek foÑrks ey mP;rsA l pSokst% Le`r% dk;s l p ikIeksifn';rsAA ¼p- lw- 17@117½
izkÑr dQ ¾ cy@vkst foÑr dQ ¾ ey@ikIekA
¼2½ lokZ fg ps"Vk okrsu l izk.k% izkf.kuka Le`r%A ¼p- lw- 17@118½
^^,dns'kh; 'kksFk**
'kks/k nks"kLFkkuh; y{k.k
1- miftfâodk K izdqfir dQ ftâok ewy esa fLFkr gksdj 'kksFk mRiUu djsa
2- xy'kqf.Mdk K izdqfir dQ dkdy izns'k ¼rkyqewy½ esa :ddj 'kh?kz 'kksFkA
3- xyXkzg K dqfir dQ xys ds vUr% Hkkx esa 'kksFk mRiUu djsAa ¼vk’kq latu;sPNksFka½
4- xyx.M K dqfir dQ xys cká Hkkx esa lafpr gksdj ean 'kksFk ¼'kuS% latu;sPNksFka½A
5- foliZ P+ R ;L; fiÙk izdqfira ljäa RofpA 'kksFka ljkxa tu;sn~ foliZLrL; tk;rsA
6- fifMdk P+ R ;L; fiÙk izdqfira Rofp jä·ofr"BrsA 'kksFka ljkxa tu;sn~ fifMdk tk;rsA¼fLFkj 'kksFk½
7-frydk]8-fiIyo] P ;L; fiÙk izdqfira 'kksf.kra izkI; 'kq";frA izdqfir fiÙk dk jDr esa tkdj lw[k tkukA
9-O;ax]10-uhfydk ¼lqJqr & fiIyq ¾ trqef.k½ ¼';keya e.Mya O;ax oD=knU;= uhfydk & okXHkê½
11- 'ka[kd P fiÙka izdqfir 'ka[k;ksofr"BrsA 'o;Fkq% 'ka[kdks uke nk:.kLrL; tk;rsAA
12- d.kZewy'kksFk P fiÙka izdqfira d.kZey
w s·ofr"rsA TojkUrs nqtZ;ks·Urk; 'kks/kLrL;ksitkorsAA
13- Iyhgk o`f) V dqfir ok;q Iyhgk dks gVkdj okeik'oZ esa osnukA
14- xqYe V dqfir ok;q xqYeLFkku esa vkJ; ysdj 'kwy vkSj 'kksFk dks mRiUu dj nsrh gSA
15- o`f) jksx V dqfir ok;q 'kksFk] 'kwy ;qä ok;q dk oa{k.k ls → o`"k.kksa esa lapyuA
16- mnjjksx V dqfir ok;q 'kjhj esa ^^Ro³~ekalkUrj vkfJr** gksdj dqf{k esa 'kksFkA
17- vkukg V izdqfir ok;q dqf{k esa vkfJr gksdj fLFkr jgsA
18- mRls/k V vcZqn] vf/kekal esa mRls/k ;qDr 'kksFk jgrk gSA
19- jksfg.kh T izdqfir f=nks"k ,d gh le; esa ftâokewy esa vofLFkr gksdj fonkg] osnuk ;qDr
Hka;dj 'kksFk mRiUUk djrs gSA bl jksx dk uke jksfg.kh gS ¼3 fnu esa e`R;q½
f=jk=a ijea rL; tUrks% Hkofr thfore~A dq’kysu RoUkqØkUr% f{kiza lai|rs lq[kh
O;kf/k ds Hksn %& lk/;k’pSokI;lk/;k’p O;k/k;ks f}fof/kk% Le`rk%A e`nqnk:.kHksnsu rs HkofUr prqfoZ/kk%AA
¼1½- lk/; & 1- e`nq 2- nk:.k ¼2½- vlk/; & 3- e`nq 4- nk:.k
➢ r ,okifjla[;s;k fHk|ekuk HkofUk fgA :tko.kZleqRFkkuLFkkulaLFkkuukefHk%A ¼p-lw- 18@42½ (Jamnagar 2001)
;gh prqfoZ/k jksx :tk] o.kZ] funku] LFkku vkSj y{k.k ,oa uke Hksn ls vla[; gksrs gSaA
➢ fodkjukekdq'kyks u ftàh;kr~ dnkpuA ^u fg loZfodkjk.kka ukerks·fLr /kqzok fLFkfr%A & lHkh jksxksa dk uke fuf'pr
djuk ¼ukedj.k½ lEHko ugha gSA
nks"k izkÑr deZ
1- okr mRlkgksPN~oklfu%'oklps"Vk /kkrqxfr% lekA leks eks{kks xfrerka ok;ks%dekZfodkjte~A ¼p-lw- 18@49½
2- fiÙk n'kZua ifä:"ek p {kqÙk`".kk nsgeknZoe~A izHkk izlknks es/kk p fiÙk dekZfodkjte~AA ¼p- lw- 18@50½
40
3- dQ Lusgks cU/k% fLFkjRoa p xkSjo o`"krk cye~A {kek /k`frjyksHk'p dQdekZfodkjte~AA ¼p- lw- 18@51½
19- v"VkSnjh; v/;k;
LkkekU;Tk jksx & 48 48 LkkekU;Tk jksxksa ds Ukke (Uattarakhand 2014)
1- Hksn okys jksx 3 mLLrEHk] lU;kl] egkxn
2- Hksn okys jksx 8 Toj] v'kZ] oz.k] vk;ke] x`/kLkh] okrjDr] vkenks"k] dkeyk
3- Hksn okys jksx 3 'kksFk] jäfiÙk] fdykl
4- Hksn okys jksx 10 us=jksx] d.kZjksx] eq[kjksx] izfr';k;] en] ewPNkZ] 'kks"k] DySO;] xzg.kh] viLekjA
5- Hksn okys jksx 12 'okl]dkal]fgDdk] r`".kk]NfnZ] v:fp] xqYe] Iyhgnks"k] ik.Mq] ânzkx s ]
(Mah 2015) f'kjksjksx] mUeknA
6- Hksn okys jksx 2 vfrlkj] mnkorZ
7- Hksn okys jksx 3 dq"B] foliZ] izesgfifMdk
8- Hksn okys jksx 4 mnjksx] ew=k?kkr] {khjnks"k] 'kqØnks"k
20 Hksn okys jksx 3 izesg] ;ksfuO;kin] Ñfejksx
5- dq"B & 7 diky] vkSnqEcj] eaMy] _";ftgok] iqMjhd] fl/e] dkd.kdA ¼lqJqr & 7½
6- izesgfifMdk&7 'kjkfodk] dPNfidk] tkfyuh] l"kZih] vyth] fourk] foæf/kA ¼lqJqr & 10½
7- foliZ & 7 Okkrt] fiÙkt] dQt] lfUuikrt] vkXus;] xzfUFk] dneZA ¼lqJqr & 5½
8- vfrlkj & 6 Okrt] fiÙkt] dQt] lfUuikrt] Hk;t] 'kksdtA ¼lqJqr & 6½
9- mnkorZ & 6 okr] ew=] iqjh"k] 'kqØ] NfnZ] {koFkq fujks/ktU;A ¼lqJqr & 13½
1- 'okl & 5 egk] m/oZ] fNUu] red vkSj {kqæ 'oklA ¼lqJqr & 5½
2- dkl & 5 okrt] fiÙkt] dQt] {krt] vkSj {k;tA ¼lqJqr & 5½
3- fgDdk & 5 egrh] xEHkhjk] O;isrk] {kqæk] vUutkA ¼lqJqr & 5½
4- r`".kk & 5 okrt] fiÙkt] vket] {k;t] milxZtA ¼lqJqr & 7½
5- NfnZ & 5 okrt] fiÙkt] dQt] lfUuikrt f}"VkFkZ la;ksxtA ¼lqJqr & 5½
6- vjkspd & 5 okrt] fiÙkt] dQt] lfUuikrt] }s"ktU;A ¼lqJqr & 5½
7- xqYe & 5 V,P,K,S jDrtA ¼lqJqr & 5½
8- Iyhgnks"k & 5 V,P,K,S jDrtA
9- ik.Mq & 5 V,P,K,S e`f}dk Hk{k.k tU;A ¼lqJqr& 4½
10- g~n; & 5 V,P,K,S ÑfetA ¼lqJqr& 4½
11- f'kj & 5 V,P,K,S ÑfetA ¼lqJqr & 11½ 41
12- mUekn & 5 V,P,K,S vkxUrqtA ¼lqJqr & 6½
1- viLekj & 4 okrt] fiÙkt] dQt] lfUuikrt ¼V,P,K,S,½A ¼lqJqr & 4½
2- us=jksx & 4 okrt] fiÙkt] dQt] lfUuikrt ¼V,P,K,S,½A ¼lqJqr & 76½
3- izfr';k; & 4 okrt] fiÙkt] dQt] lfUuikrt ¼V,P,K,S,½A ¼lqJqr & 5½
4- d.kZjksx & 4 okrt] fiÙkt] dQt] lfUuikrt ¼V,P,K,S,½A ¼lqJqr & 28½
5- xzg.kh & 4 okrt] fiÙkt] dQt] lfUuikrt ¼V,P,K,S,½A ¼lqJqr & 4½
6- eq[kjksx & 4 okrt] fiÙkt] dQt] lfUuikrt ¼V,P,K,S,½A ¼lqJqr & 65½
7- en & 4 okrt] fiÙkt] dQt] lfUuikrt ¼V,P,K,S,½A ¼lqJqr & 4½
8- ewPNkZ & 4 okrt] fiÙkt] dQt] lfUuikrt ¼V,P,K,S,½A ¼lqJqr & 4½
9- 'kks"k & 4 lkgltU;] osxla/kkj.ktU;] /kkrq{k;TkU;] fo"kek'kutU;A ¼lqJqr & 4½
10- DySC; & 4 chtksi?kkr~] /otHkax] tjktU;] 'kqØ{k;tU;A ¼lqJqr & 6½
Ñfejksx & 20 Ukke ¼pjd] okXHkê & MPRK & 2567 lqJqr & MPRK & 0776½
1- cfgZeyt ;wdk] fiIifydkA
2- 'kksf.krt ds'kkn~] yksekn] ykse}hi] lkSjl] vkSnqEcj] tUrqekrkA
3- dQt vU=kn~] mnjkn~] ân;kn] p:] nHkZiq"i] lqxU/k] egkxqn
4- iqjh"kt dds:d] eds:d] ysfyg] lkSlqjkn] l'kqydA
jksxksa ds gsrq %& ¼1½ vkxUrqd jksx & u[kn’ku] iru] vfHkpkj] vfHk'kki] vfHk"kax] vfHk/kkr vkfnA
¼2½ fut jksx & okr] fiÙk rFkk dQ dk fo"ke gksukA
¼3½ nksuksa ds dkj.k & ¼1½ vlkResfUæ;kFkZ la;ksx ¼2½ izKkijk/k ¼3½ ifj.kkeA
nks"k eq[; LFkku vU; LFkku
1-okr pjd & iDok'k; ofLr%iqjh"kk/kkua dfV%lfDFkuh iknkoLFkhfu iDok'k;'p
lqJqr & Jksf.kxqnk] okXHkê & iDok/kku okrLFkkukfu r=kfi iDok'k;ks fo'ks"ks.k okrLFkkuaA
2-fiÙk pjd & vkek'k; Losnks jlks ylhdk :f/kje~ vkek'k;'p fiÙkLFkkukfu]
lqJqr & iDokek'k; e/;] okXHkê &ukfHk r=kfi vkek'k;ks fo'ks"k.k fiÙkLFkkue~A
3-dQ pjd & mj% izns'k mj% f'kjks xzhok iokZ.;ek'k;ks esn'p 'ys"e LFkkukfu]
lqJqr & vkek'k;] okXHkê &e/;] m/oZizns'k r=kfi mjks fo'ks"ks.k 'ys"eLFkkue~A
4- 10 jät %& 10 fodkj & jäe.Myrk] jäus=Roa] jäew=rk] jäfu"Bhou] jäfifVdkn’kZu] vkS".;a] iwfrxfU/kRoa]
ihMk] dksFk vkSj ikdA & ;s 10 jät fodkj ^^'kkjXZ/kj** us cryk;s gSA
vfrLFkwy vkSj vfrd`’k budh fpfdRlk Øe’k% d"kZ.k vkSj o`ag.k ds }kjk djuh pkfg,A
LFkwy vkSj d`’k esa Js"Brk %& ^vfrÑ'k LFkwy ls Js"B gksrk gSA*
1- LFkkSY;dk';sZ oja dk';Z leksidj.kkS fg rkSA ;|qHkkS O;kf/kjkxPNsr~ LFkwyesokfrihM;srAA ¼p-lw- 21@17½
2- dk';Zeos oja LFkkSY;kn~ u fg LFkwyL; Hks"kte~A ¼v -â- 14@31½
lelaguu iq:"k dk y{k.k %& ¼lqJqr & LoLFk iq:"k dk y{k.kA½
laeekal izek.kLrq lelaguuksa uj%A n`<sfUæ;ks fodkj.kka u cysukfHk;w;rsA
{kqfRiiklkrilg% 'khrO;k;kelalg%A leiäk leToj% leekalp;kserk%AA ¼p-lw- 21@18 & 19½
fpfdRlk %& ¼1½ vfrLFkwyrk fpfdRlk & d"kZ.k& xq:] voriZ.k æO;A ¼xq: pkriZ.ka ps"Va LFkwykuka d"kZ.ka izfr½
¼2½ vfrÑ'krk fpfdRlk & o`ag.k & y?kq] lariZ.k æO;A ¼d`’kkuka c`ag.kkFkZ p y?kq lariZ.ka p ;r~½
fpfdRlklw=%&¼1½ LFkwyrk prqZlw= & ¼1½ iztkxja ¼2½ O;ok;a ¼3½ O;k;ke ¼4½ fpUrkA
¼2½ Ñ'krk f=lw= & ¼1½ vfpUrk ¼2½ vfrfuæk ¼3½ ikSf"Vd vkgkjA
fnokLoIu ds ;ksX; & ¼1½ xhrk/;;ue|L=hdeZekjk/odf"kZrk ¼2½ vthf.kZu% ¼3½ {krk%{kh.kk ¼4½ o`)kckykLrFkk·cyk%A
¼5½ r`".kkfrlkj'kwykrkZ% ¼4½ fgDdk &'okl jksxh ¼6½ d`’kk% ¼8½ ifrrfHkgr ¼9½ ;kuiztkxjS% Øks/k'kksdHk; DykUrk%A
¼lqJqrkuqlkj fnokLoIu dk fo/kku& fnokLoIu'p r`V~ 'kwy fgDdk th.kkZfrlkfj.kke~ & lq- 'kk- 4@47½
fnokLoIu gsrq _rq %& xzh"e _rq dks NksM+dj vU; _rq esa fnokLoIu ls dQfiÙk dk izdksi gksrk gSA
¼lqJqrkuqlkj xzh"e _rq dks NksM+dj vU; _rq esa fnokLoIu ls f=nks"k dk izdksi gksrk gSA½
fnokLoIu dk fu"ks/k %& esnfLou% LusgfuR;k% 'yseyk% 'ys"ejksfx.k%A nw"khfo"kkZr’p fnok u 'k;hju~ dnkpuAA
¼d.Bjksxh & okXHkê½A
fnokLoIutU; fodkj %& gyhed] f'kj%'kwy] LrSfeR;a] xq:xk=rkA vaxenZ] vfXuuk'k] izyis ksân;L; pA
dkl] dksB d.Mw] o fiMdk& mRifRRk] Le`frcqf)izeksg] 'kksQ] ihul] v)kZoHksnd] bfUæ;kFkZ fodkjA
jkf= tkxj.k fgrdkjh & dQ esnks fo"kk;kZuka jktkS tkxj.ka fgre~A ¼lq- 'kk- 4@42½
¼1½ jk=kS tkxj.k :{ka & ¼2½ fLuX/ka izLoiua fnokA
¼3½ v:{ka vufHk";fUn & Roklhua izpykf;re~AA ¼p-lw- 21@50½
nsgo`ÙkkS ;Fkk··gkjLRkFkk LOkIu% lq[kks er%A LoIukgkjleqRFks p LFkkSY;dk';sZ fo'ks"kr%A ¼p-lw- 21@51½
LFkkSY; vkSj dk';Z fo'ks"kr% vkgkj ,oa LiIu ij fuHkZj gSA
LFkkSY; ,oa dk';Z & jl fufeÙkeso LFkkSY;a dk';Z pA ¼lq- lw- 15@32½
fuækuk’k dh fpfdRlk %& vH;ax] mRlknu] Luku] euksuqdwy 'kCnxa/k] laokgu] us=riZ.k] f'kj ,ao onu esa ysi]
'kkY;™k] xzkE;kuwiksnd ekaljl] nw/k] ?kh] e| vkSj ekufld lq[kA
fuækfuokjd mik; %& dk;fojspu] f'kjksfojspu] oeu] fpUrk] Øks/k] Hk;] O;k;ke] /kweziku djuk] jDreks{k.k]
miokl] vlq[k'k¸;k] lRoxq.k dh vf/kdrk] reks xq.k ij fot; rFkk mnkj izo`fÙkA
funzkuk'k ds gsrq %& ¼5½ & dk;Z dkyks fodkj'p izÑfr% ok;qjos pA
¼1½ dk;Z O;oLFkk ¼2½ izfrdwy le; ¼3½ fodkjxzLr ¼4½ okr ,oa fiÙk izd`fr ¼5½ okrizdksiA
1- ya?ku nzO; & y?kw".krh{.kr fo’kna :{ka lw{ea [kja lje~A dfBua pSo ;n~nzO;a izk;LrYya?kua Le`re~A ¼p-lw- 22@12½
(Mah 2015)
2- c`ag.k nzO; & xq: 'khra e`nq fLuX/k cgya LFkwyfifPNye~A izk;ks eUna fLFkja 'y{k.ka nzO;a c`ag.keqP;rsA ¼p-lw- 22@13½
3- :{k.k nzO; & :{ka y?kq [kja rh{.keq".ka fLFkjfifPNye~A izk;’k% dfBua pSo ;n~ nzO;a rf) :{k.ke~A ¼p-lw- 22@14½
4- Lusgu nzO; & nzoa lw{ea lja fLuX/ka fifPNye~ xq: 'khrye~A izk;ks eUna e`nq p ;n~ nzO;a rr~ Lusgue~ ere~A
5- Losnu nzO; & m".ka rh{.ka lja fLuX/ka :{ka lw{ea nzo fLFkje~A nzO;a xq: p rr~ izk;Lrf) LosnueqP;rsA
6- LrEHku nzO; %& 'khra eUna e`nq 'y{k.ka :{ka lw{ea nzoa fLFkje~A ;n~ nzO;a y?kq pksfÌ"Va izk;Lrr~ LrEHkua Le`re~A
ya?ku ds 10 izdkj %& prq"izdkjk la'kqf) %& oeu] fojspu] f'kjksfojspu ¼uL;½] fu:gofLrA & ¼4½
,oa 5- fiiklk 6- miokl 7- O;k;ke 8- ok;q 9- vkri 10- ikpuA & ¼6½
okXHkêkuqlkj ya?ku ds 2 izdkj %& 'kks/kua 'keua psfr f}/kk r=kfi ya?kue~A
'kks/ku & ¼5½ & oeu] fojspu] uL;] fu:gofLr] jDreks{k.kA & ¼5½A
'keu & ¼7½ & {kq/kk] fiiklk] O;k;ke] ok;q] vkri] nhiu] ikpuA & ¼7½A
¼1½ la'kks/ku }kjk ya?ku & izHkwr’ys"efiÙkklzeyk% lal`"Vek:rk] o`gr ,oa cyoku~ 'kjhj esAa
¼2½ ikpu }kjk ya?ku & e/;cyk jksxk% dQfiÙkleqfRFkrk%]
oeu] vfrlkj] ânzksx] Toj] focU/k] folwfpdk] vyld] xkSjo] mn~xkj] gYykl] vjkspd esaA (BHU 2011)
¼3½ fiiklkfuxzg ,ao miokl }kjk ya?ku & mi;qZDRk jksx ;fn vYi cy okys gks rks
¼4½ O;k;ke] vkri] ek:r lsou }kjk ya?ku & cyoku~ 'kjhj ,oa e/;cy@vYi cy jksx
ya?ku ;ksX; %& Roxjksxh] izegs ] fLuX/k]vfHk";Unh c`ag.kh ,oa okrfodkj jksxh esa f'kf'kj _rq esa ya?ku djuk pkfg,A
(BHU 2013)
c`ag.k ;ksX; & {kh.k] {kr] Ñ'k] o`)] nqcZy] ifFkd] fuR; L=he|lsoh esa lnk c`ag.k xzh"e _rq esa c`ag.k djuk pkfg,A
^^'kks"k] v'kZ] xzg.khnks"k O;kf/k ls df"kZr jksxh esa & ØO;kn ekal dk iz;ksx dj c`ag.k djkuk pkfg,A**
:{k.k æO; %& dVq]frä]d"kk; jl lsou] vla;fer L=h laHkksx] [kfy]fi.;kd]rØ] ,oa e/kq }kjk :{k.k djuk pkfg,A
:{k.k ;ksX; & vfHk";fUn] egknks"k] eekZfJr O;kf/k (MAH PG 2015) ,oa m:LrEHk vkfn jksxksa esa :{krk dh tkrh gSA
LraHku æO; %& e/kqj] frDr] d"kk; jl lsou] (Uattarakhand 2014) æo] ruq] fLFkj] 'khrhdj.k vkS"k/kA
LraHku ;ksX; & fiÙk{kkjkfXunX/kk ;s oE;kfrlkjihfMrkA
fo"kLosnkfr;ksxkZrk% LrEHkuh;k funf’kZrk%AA ¼p-lw 22@33½
vfrya?ku y{k.k %& ioZHksnks·axenZ’p dkl% 'kks"kks eq[kL; pA-----nsgkfXucyuk’k’p ya?kus·frd`rs Hkosr~A ¼22@37½ 47
vfrLrEHku y{k.k & ';kork LrC/kxk=Roe~}sxks guqlaxzg%A ân~opksZfuxzg’p L;knfrLrfEHkry{k.ke~A ¼p-lw 22@40½
23- lariZ.kh;e/;k;a
1- lariZ.k %& Ck`ag.k] Lusgu] LrEHkuA 2- voriZ.k %& ya?ku] :{k.k] LosnuA
lUriZ.k ds dkj.k %&
¼1½ fLuX/k] e/kqj] xq: rFkk fifPNy xq.k ;qDr vkgkj uokUu] uoe| rFkk vkuwi rFkk typj izkf.k;ksa dk ekalA
¼3½ nqX/k] xqM ls cus inkFkZ rFkk fi"Vh okys inkFkZ] ps"Vk}s"kh] vkLFkklq[ka] LoIueq[ka rFkk fnokLoIu lsohA
fpfdRlk %&1- mYys[ku ¼oeu½] fojspu] jDreks{k.kA 2- O;k;ke] miokl] /kweziku vkSj LosnuA
3- e/kq $ gjhfrdh ¼l{kkSnz'pkHk;kizk'k%½] 4- :{kkUulsoue~A
5- rØ] gjhfrdh pw.kZ] f=Qyk vkSj vfj"Vksa dk lsouA
;ksx & ¼1½ f=Qykfn DokFk] eqLrkfn DokFk ¼2½ dq"Bkfn pw.kZ ¼xksesn ;qä½ ¼3½ «;w"k.kkfn eUFk
¼4½ O;ks"k| lRrq → f=dVq % lRrw ¾ 1 % 16A
iF; & ¼1½ fuR; O;k;ke] ¼3½ th.kZ Hkkstu ¼3½ ;oxks/kwe HkkstuA
fo'kq) jä & 1- riuh;sUæxksikHka in~ekyäd lfUuHke~A xqUtkQy lo.kZ p fo'kq)a fof) 'kksf.kre~A ¼p-lw 24@22½
2- bUæxksikdizrhdk'kelagrefoo.kZ p izdfrLFka tkuh;kr~ ¼lq-lw- 14@22½
¼1½ bUæxksi ¼ohjcgwVh½ ds o.kZ dk ¼2½ fofo/k o.kZ ¼3½ vlagr ¼xk<+k½A
3- e/kqja yo.ka fdafpr~ 'khrks".kelagre~A inesUæxksi gsekfo'k'kyksfgr yksfgre~AA ¼v-g-lw- 27@1½
fo’kq) jä iq:"k ds y{k.k %& izlUu o.ksZfUæ;a bfUæ;kFkZfuPNUre~ vO;kgri`Drosxe~A lq[kkfUora iqf"V cyksiiUuaA
^^en] ewPNkZ] vkSj lU;kl dk o.kZu**
gsrq&jt o reksxq.k ls jl] jä ,ao laKkokgh lzks=l ds vko`Ùk gks tkus ij en, ewPNkZ] lU;kl dh mRifÙk gksrh gS
¼en→ewPNkZ→ lU;kl &;s mÙkjksÙkj cyoku jksx gSA½
4 izdkj ds en & 1- okrt & vLi"Va] vYiæqrHkk"ka] pyL[kfyrpsf"Vra] :{k';kok:.kkÑfre~A
2- fiÙkt & lØks/k i:"kkHkk"ka] lEizgkj dfyfiz;e] jDrihrkflrkÑfre~A
3- dQt & LoYiklEc)opua] rUækyL;lefUore~] ik.Mq iz/;kurRijaA
4-lfUuikrt& lokZ.;srkfu :ikf.k lfUuikrÑrs ensA tk;rs 'kkE;fr Rok’kq e|ks e|enkÑfr%A
4 izdkj ds ewPNkZ& 1- okrt & 'kh/kaz p izfrcq/;rsA osiFkq] vaxenZ] gn; izihM+k dk';Z] ';kok] v:.kk Nk;kA
2- fiÙkt & lLosn% izfr cq/;rsA fiiklk] larki] us=&jDrihr] lafHkUuopkZ%] ihrkHk Nk;kA
3- dQt & fpjkPp izfrcq/;rsA xkSjo] izlsd] gYykl] vkyL;] 'osrkHk Nk;kA
4- lfUuikrt & lokZd`fr lfUuikrkniLekj bokxr%A l tUrq ikr;R;k'kq fcuk chHkRlpSf"VrS%A
✓ lfUuikrt ewPNkZ esa viLekj jksx ds y{k.k feyrs gSA vkSj bles chHkRl ps"Vk,W ugh gsrh gSA
la;kl %& okXnsgeulka ps"Vkekf{kI;kfrcyk eyk%A lau;L;UR;cya tUrqa izk.kk;rulafJrkA ¼p- lw 24@43½
1- dk"BhHkwrks e`rksie%A ¼uj% irfr dk"Bor~ & ewPNkZ½
2- nks"kslq enewPNkZ;k% d`rosx"s kq nsfguke~A Lo;esoksi’kkE;fUr lU;klks ukS"k/kS;ZukA ¼p- lw 24@42½
nks"kksa ds osx 'kkar gksus ij en ,oa ewPNkZ 'kkUr gks tkrs gS] fdUrq la;kl esa nks"k osx fcuk vkS"k/k ds 'kkUr ugha gksrs gSA
lU;kl fpfdRlk %& ¼vk'kqdkjh & izk.kSfoZ;qT;rs 'kh?kza eqDRok l|%Qyka fØ;ke~A½
¼1½ rh{.k vatu] voihM] /kwez] iz/keu uL; dk iz;ksxA ¼2½ u[kkUrj esa lqbZ pqHkksuk] nkg] u[k NsnuA
¼3½ yqapua ds’kyksEuka & f'kj ds cky@nk<+h] ewaN ds cky m[kkM+uk] nkar ls dkVukA ¼4½ vkRexqIrk ?k"kZ.ke~
en rFkk ewPNkZ esa iapdeZ & loZizFke Lusgu] Losnu djk,a rRi'pkr~ iapdeZA
en ewPNkZ] vkS"k/k mipkj &
¼1½ ikuh;dY;k.k ?k`r] frDr?k`r] egkfrDr ?k`r] frDr"kV~iy ?k`r]
dkSEHk?k`r dk iz;ksx (Jamnagar 2000)
¼2½ f'kykthr dk iz;ksx] jlk;u æO;ksa dk iz;ksx 49
¼3½ en] ewPNkZ ds osx jDreks{k.k] 'kkL=ksa ds Jo.k] lRlax ls 'kkUr gks tkrs gSA
25- ;Tt% iq:"kh;a v/;k;
lEHkk"kk ifj"kn~ %& iq:"k ¼jkf'k iq:"k½ o jksxkas ds mRifÙk ds lanHkZ esAa iz'udrkZ vkSj vk;kstd & ^dkf'kifr oked*A
dqy vkpk;Zx.k & uo er & 9 vkpk;Z $ vk=s; vkSj vfXuos'kA
iz;ksx Hksn ls vkgkj ds Hksn & 4 & iku] v'ku] Hk{;] ysáA
vFkZ Hksn ls vkgkj ds Hksn & 1 & vkgkjRoekgkjL;Sdfo/ke~] vFkZHksnkr~ & vkgk;Z vFkZ ls vkgkj ,d gh gksrk gSA
pØikf.k vuqlkj vkgkj esa vUu &1 dqMo] lwi &1 iy] ekal &2 iy vkSj vU; vo;o 1 iy ek=k esa gksus pkfg,A
1- vkS"k/khuka & lkse] foKkuA 4- d'kZuh;kuka & xos/kqd] izfrek'kuA 7- Jegkjk.kkuka & lqjk] Luku
2- ofLr & okrgkj.kka] rU=k.kkaA 5- dQfiÙktukuka &'k"dqyh] ek"k] vkfo{khjA
3- o`";k.kk & uØjsrl] ladYiA 6- LoIutukuka & ekfg"kh nqX/k] iqf"VA
iF;a iFkks·uisra ;|Ppksäa eul% fiz;e~A ;Ppkfiz;eiF;a p fu;ra r™k y{k;sr~A ¼p- lw- 25@45½
iF; %& tks vkgkj nzO; iFk ¼’kkjhfjd lzks=½ esa vidkj djus okyk u gks vkSj eu dks fiz; gks mls ^iF;* dgrs gSA
viF;& tks vkgkj nzO; iFk ¼’kkjhfjd lzks=½ esa vidkj djus okyk gks vkSj eu dks vfiz; gks mls ^viF;* dgrs gSA
^^vklo**
vklo %& vklo uke vklqRokn~ vklo laKkA & pjd ^vklqrRokr~ lU/kku:iRokr~* A & pØikf.kA
vklo dh ;ksfu;kW %& 9 & Qy] lkj] ewy] iq"i] /kkU;] Rod] dk.M] i=] vkSj 'kdZjkA
vklo;ksfu la[;k ¼84½ & Qy ¼26½] lkj ¼20½] ewy ¼11½] iq"Ik ¼10½] /kkU; ¼6½] Rox~ ¼4½] dk.M ¼4½] i=¼2½] 'kdZjk¼1½
/kkU;klo & 6 & lqjk] lkSohj] rq"kksnd] eSjs;] esnd] /kkU;kEyA
Roxklo & 4 & frYod] yks/kz] ,yqvk] Øeqd ¼lqikjh½A
d.Mklu & 4 & b{kq] dk.Ms{kq] b{kqokfydk] iq.MªdA
i=klo & 2 & iVksyi=] rkMdi=A
'kdZjklo & 1 & 'kdZjkloA 54
❖ /kUou & Qyklo vkSj lkjklo nksuksa vkloksa esa gSA ¼;n iDodkS"k/kkEcqH;ka fl)a e|a l vklo%A & 'kkjaX/kZj½
26- vk=s; HkædkI;h; v/;k;
jl la[;k fo"k;d~ laHkk"kk ifj"kn~ dk o.kZu fd;k gSA LFkku & pS=jFk uked ouA vkpk;Z & 10 egf"kZA
jl dh ;ksfu %& rs"kka "k..kka jlkuka ;ksfu:nde~ ¼p- lw- 26@9½& lHkh 6 jlksa dh ;ksfu ^ty* gSA
æO; dh ikUpHkkSfrdrk %& lalkj esa fo|eku leLr æO; ikapHkkSfrd gksrs gSA æO; & 2 & ¼1½ psru ¼2½ vpsruA
• loZ æO;a ik×pHkkSfrde~ vfLe™kFksZ%A ¼p- lw- 26@10½
• bg fg æO;a i×pegkHkwrkRede~A ¼v-la-lw- 17@3½
deZ %& deZ i×pfoa/k eqäa oeukfnA ¼p- lw- 26@10½
æO; dk vkS"k/kRo %& lalkj esa dksbZ Hkh æO; ,slk ugha gS tks vkS"kf/k ugha gksA
• vusu mins’ksu ukukS"kf/kHkwra txfr fdfa×pn~ æO;eqiyH;rsA & ¼p- lw- 26@12½
• vusu fun’kZuus ukukS"k/khHkwra txfr fdfa×pn~ æO;eLrhfrA & ¼lq- lw- 41@9½ 55
• bRFka p ukukS"k/kHkwra txfr fdfa×pn nzO;efLr fofo/kkFkZiz;ksxo’kkr~A & ¼v-la-lw- 17@6½
Øekad ¼p- lw- 26@13½ ¼lq- lw- 41@9½
1- deZ ;r~ dqoZfUr rr~ deZ] &
2- oh;Z ;su dqoZfUr r}h;Z] &
3- vf/kdj.k ;= dqoZfUr rnf/kdj.ka ;RdqoZfUr rnf/kdj.ka
4- dky ;nk dqoZfUr l dky%] ;nk dqoZfUr l dky%]
5- mik; ;Fkk dqoZfUr l mik;% ;Fkk dqoZfUr l mik;]
6- Qy ;r~ lk/k;fUr rr~ Qye~ ;f™k"ikn;fUr rr~ Qyfefr
æO;] ns’k ,oa dky ds izHkko ls jlksa ds 63 fodYi Hksn & Hksn’pS"kka f="kf"Vfo/kfodYiks nzO;ns’kdkyizHkkokn~ HkofrA
¼1½ 1 jl okys & 6
¼2½ 2 jl okys & 15
¼3½ 3 jl okys & 20
¼4½ 4 jl okys & 15
¼5½ 5 jl okys & 6
¼6½ 6 jl okys & 1
^la;ksxk% lIriUpk'kr~ dYiuk rq f="kf"V/kkA jlkuka r= ;ksX;Rokr~ dfYirk jlfpUrdS%A ¼p-lw- 26@24½
¼1½ jlksa ds la;ksx Hksn & 57 ¼2½ jlksa ds dYiuk Hksn & 63
vuqjl %& O;ä% 'kq"dL; pknkS p jlks æO;L; y{;rsA foi;Z;s.kkuqjlks jlks ukLrhg lIre%A ¼p-lw- 26@24½
jl vuqjl ¼jl foi;Z;½
ftg~ok }kjk vkLoknu djus ij tks jl vkfn tks jl nwljs jl ls vfHkHkwr gksus ds dkj.k
esa Li"V Kkr gksrk gS og ^jl* dgykrk gSaA Li"V Kkr ugha gksrk gsA mls ^vuqjl* dgrs gSaA
5- la;ksx %& ^;ksx% lg la;ksx mP;rsA æO;k.kka }U}losZddeZtks·fuR; ,o pA* ¼p- lw- 26@32½
æO;ksa ds ,d lkFk feyus dks la;ksx dgrs gSaA & Hksn & ¼1½ }U}deZt ¼2½ loZdeZt ¼3½ ,ddeZt
6- foHkkx & ^foHkkxLrq foHkfDr% L;kn~ fo;ksxks Hkkx'kks xzg%A* ¼p- lw- 26@33½
la;qDr oLrq dk vyx gksuk gh foHkkx dgykrk gSA Hksn & ¼1½ foHkfDr ¼2½ fo;ksx ¼3½ Hkkx 'kksxzgA
7- i`FkÑRo & ^i`FkDRoa L;knla;ksxks oSy{k.;eusdrk*A ¼p- lw- 26@33½
,d æO; dks vU; ls fHkUu djus okyk xq.k i`FkÑRo dgykrk gSA Hksn & ¼1½ vla;ksx ¼2½ oSy{k.; ¼3½ vusdrkA
8- ifjek.k & ^ifjek.ka iquekZua*A & ftlls fdlh oLrq dh ek=k tkuh tkrh gS mls ^ifjek.k* ;k ^eku* dgrs gSaA
9- laLdkj & ^laLdkj% dj.ka ere~A* fØ;k }kjk fdlh oLrq esa xq.kk/kku djus dks ^laLdkj* ;k ^dj.k* dgrs gSA
56
10- vH;kl & ^HkkokH;;lue~ vH;kl% 'khyuS lrrfØ;kA* & fdlh oLrq ;k dk;Z dk fujUrj iz;ksx djuk
vH;kl dgykrk gSA 'khyu vkSj lrr fØ;k & ;s nksuksa vH;kl ds i;kZ; gSA
"kM~jl izdj.k %& varfj{k ty & lkSE;] LoHkko ls 'khry] y?kq vkSj vO;Dr jl okyk gksrk gSA
Pkjd o.kZu ukxktqZu okXHkV~V
lksexq.k iz/kku lksexq.kkfrjsdUe/kqjks jl% i`Foh $ ty i`Foh $ ty →
i`Foh $ vfXu i`fFkO;fXuHkwf;"BRoknEy% ty $ vfXu ↓ i`Foh $ vfXu
ty $ vfXu lfyykfXuHkwf;"BRokYyo.k% i`Foh $ vfXu ty $ vfXu
ok;q $ vfXu ok¸ofXuHkwf;"BkRdVqd% ok;q $ vfXu ok;q $ vfXu
ok;q $ vkdk'k ok¸okdk’kkfrfjäRokfÙkä ok;q $ vkdk'k ok;q $ vkdk'k
ok;q $ i`Foh ioui`FohO;frjsdkr~ d"kk; ok;q $ i`Foh ok;q $ i`Foh
fu;e & 1- jl] foikd → e/kqj → 'khroh;ZA 2- jl] foikd → vEy@dVq → m".k oh;ZA
viokn & ¼1½ tyh; rFkk vkuwi ekal & e/kqj jl & fdUrq m".k oh;ZA
¼2½ lSa/ko yo.k & yo.k jl & fdUrq 'khr oh;ZA
¼2½ vdZ] vx:] xqMwph & frä jl & fdUrq m".k oh;ZA
foikd
jl foikd xq.k deZ nks’k izHkko
dVq] frä] d"kk; 1- dVq foikd c)fo.ew=y] 'kqØuk’ku% okry%
vEy jl 2- vEy foikd Lk`"Vfo.ew=y] ’kqØy% fiÙkd`r
e/kqj] yo.k jl 3- e/kqj foikd Lk`"Vfo.ew=y] 'kqØgk] dQ o/kZd
oh;Z
ßoh;Z rq fØ;rs ;su ;k fØ;kÞ ¼p- lw- 26@64½ & æO; dh fØ;k ftlds }kjk fu"iUu dh tkrh gS mls oh;Z dgrs gSaA
¼1½ f}fo/k oh;Z %& ¼1½ 'khr oh;Z ¼2½ m".k oh;Z ¼pjd] lqJqr½
¼2½ v"V fo/k %& xq:] y?kq] fLuX/k] :{k] e`nq] rh{.k] 'khr] m".kA ¼pjd½
fo'kn] fifPNy] fLuX/k] :{k] enq] rh{.k] 'khr] m".kA ¼lqJr½
jlks fuikrs æO;k.kka] foikd% deZfu"B;kA oh;Z% ;kor~ vf/koklklfUuikrkPpksiyH;rsA ¼p- lw- 26@66½
jl] foikd vkSj oh;Z dk Kku & 1- æO;ksa dk jl ftg~ok ij ¼fuikr½ Li'kZ gksrs gh Kku gks tkrk gSA
2- deZ dk lekfIr ls foikd dk Kku gksrk gaSaA
3- fdUrq oh;Z dk Kku fuikr vkSj vf/kokl ls gksrk gSA
mnk- ¼1½ fuikr & 'kjhj ds lkFk la;ksx gksus ds lkFkA & efjp ds m".k oh;Z dk KkuA
58
¼2½ vf/kokl & tc rd 'kjhj esa og æO; jgsA & efjp dh rh{.krk ,ao nhiuh;rk dk KkuA
^^izHkko**
izHkko %&^jloh;Z foikdkuka lkekU;a ;= y{;rsA fo'ks"k% deZ.kka pSo izHkkoLrL; l Le`r%AA ¼p-lw- 26@67½
jl] oh;Z vkSj foikd leku jgus ij Hkh tgka deZ esa fo'ks"krk gksrh gS mldk dkj.k ,d fof'k"V 'kfDr ekuh tkrh gSA
bl fof'k"V 'kfDr dks ^izHkko* dgrs gSaA
mnk- %& ¼1½ fp=d vkSj nUrh & nksuksa 432 gS fdUrq nUrh jspd gS fp=d ughaA
bldk dkj.k nUrh esa fof'k"V 'kfDr gS tks fp=d esa ugha gSA bldk uke izHkko gSA
æO;ksa dh fØ;k'khyrk &dksbZ æO; jl ls] rks dksbZ oh;Z] dksbZ foikd rks dksbZ izHkko ls viuk dk;Z fn[kykrk gSaA
jlkfn dk uSlfxZd cy %& jl → foikd → oh;Z → izHkko ¼mÙkjksÙkj cyoku½A
jlksa dk vfHkKku %&
¼1½ e/kqj jl %& Lusgu] izh.ku] vkâkn] eknZo%S miyH;rsA eq[kLFkks e/kqj'pkL;a O;kIuqoSfYyEirhoA ¼p-lw- 26@74½
¼2½ vEy jl %& nUrg"kkZr~ eq[klzkokr Losnukr~] eq[kcks/kukrA fonkgkpkL; d.BL;] vEya jl onsrA ¼p-lw- 26@75½
¼3½ yo.k jl %&izyh;u] Dysn] fo";Unu] eknoZ dq:rs eq[ksA ;% 'kh?kza yo.kks Ks;% l fonkgkUeq[kL; pA
¼4½ dVq jl %& lost;s|ks jlkuka fuikrs rnqrho pA fongUeq[kuklkf{klalzkoh l% dVq Le`r%A ¼p-lw- 26@77½
¼5½ frDrjl %& izfrgfUr fuikrs ;ks jlua Lonrs u pA l frDrks eq[koS'k|'kks"kizâkndkjd%A ¼p-lw- 26@76½
¼6½ d"kk;jl %& oS'k|LrEHktkM;S;ksZ jlua ;kst;sæl%A o?ukrhr p ;% d.Ba d"kk;% l fodkL;fiA ¼p-lw- 26@78½
eRL; vkSj nw/k ,d lkFk ugha [kkus pkfg, D;ksfd nksuksa Øe’k% m".k vkSj 'khr oh;Z gksus ls fo:) oh;Z gSA & vk=s;
lHkh eNfy;ksa dks nw/k ds lkFk [kkuk pkfg, fdUrq fpfyfpe eNyh dks NksMdj & HknzdkI;
diksr ekal dks e/kq vkSj nw/k ds lkFk ugha [kkuk pkfg,
ewyh] yglqu] vke] lfgtu] vtZd&lqeq[k&lqjlk ¼rqylh ds Hksn½ vkfn [kkdj nw/k dk lsou ugha djuk pkfg, A
ewyh] vke] tkequ] [kjxks’k] xks/kk vkSj lwdj ekal [kkdj nw/k dk lsou ugha djuk pkfg,A & lqJqrA 59
27- vUuikufof/k v/;k;
fgrdj æO; & deZ fgrdj æO; & deZ
1- mnda Dysn;fraA 11- æk{kklo nhi;frA
2- yo.ka fo";Un;frA 12- Qkf.kr ekfpuksfrA
3- {kkja% ikp;frA 13- nf/k 'kksQa tu;frA
4- e/kq lUn/khfrA 14- fi.;kd'kkad Xyi;frA
5- lfiZ% Lusg;frA 15- ek"klwi% izHkwrkUreZyksaA
6- {khj tho;frA 16- {kkj% n`f"V'kqØ?u%A
7- ekal c`ag;frA 17- vEye~ izk;%fiÙkye~ ¼nkfMe] vkWoyk dks NksMdj½
8- jl% izk.k;frA 18- e/kqj izk;% 'ys"eya ¼e/kq] xks/kwe] iqjk.k 'kkfy"kf"Vd dks NksMdj½
9- lqjk ttZjhdjksfrA 19- izk;fLräa okryeo`";a ¼osrkxz] ve`rk] iVksy dks NksMdj½
10- lh/kq o/kefr 20- izk;% dVqda okryeo`";a ¼fiIiyh] fo’oHks"kt~ dks NksMdj½
¼2½ "kf"Vd /kkU; & e/kqj jl] foikd o 'khroh;Z okys] y?kq] fLuX/k vkSj f=nks"k?u gS] 'kjhj esa fLFkjrk iSnk djrs gSA
"kf"Vd /kkU; ds Hksn &2 & ¼1½ xkSj ¼2½ Ñ".kA
ojd] míkyd] phu] 'kkjn] Ttoy] nnqZj] xU/ku] dq:foUn &;s lHkh "kf"Vd /kkU; xq.kksa ls vYixq.k okys gksrs gSA
¼3½ dq/kkU; & dksjnw’k] ';kekd] gfLr“;kekd] vEHk“;kekd] fuokj] rks;i.khZ] xos/kwd] izokfgdk] yksfgrk.kq] fiz;axq]
eqdqUn] f>.Vh] o:d] ojd] f’kfcj] mRdV] tw.kZâ & lHkh d"kk;e/kqj] 'khrok;Z] y?kq] okry ,oa dQfiÙk?u gksrs gSA
¼4½ ;o %& ld"kk; Loknq jl] :{k 'khrks·xq:] cgqokr’kd`r dkjd] 'ys"efodkju qr~ vkSj cY;] 'kjhj LFkS;Zd`r gksrk gSA
¼5½ xks/kwe %& lU/kkudj] e/kqj jl] e/kqj foikd] 'khroh;Z, xq:] okrgj] thouh;] c`ag.k] o`";] fLuX/k] LFkS;Zdj] xq: gSA
2- ek"k %& e/kqj jl] foikd o m".koh;Z] xq:] fLuX/k (112 GS) cY; o`";] ija okrgj] cgqey] vkSj iqaLRo mRiknd gSA
3- jktek"k %& lj ¼fojspd½] :P;] dQ’kqØEyfiÙkuqr~ ¼vEyfiÙkuk’kd½ okry gSA ¼vylkUnz jktek"k dk Ik;kZ; gSA½
4- dqyRFk %& d"kk; jl] vEy foikd o m".k oh;Z] dQ’kqØkfuykigk%A dqyRFkka xzkfg.k% dklfgDdk’oklk’kZlka fgrk%A
(622)] dQ] 'kqØ] okruk'kd] laxzkgd vkSj dkl] fgDdk] 'okl] v'kZuk'kd gSA
5- eksB %& e/kqj jl] foikd ,oa 'khr oh;Z] :{k xq.k okyh (111 R) xzkgh ,oa jäfiÙk o Toj esa iz’kLr gSA
elwj dh nky laxzkgh vkSj dyk; ¼eVj½ dh nky ije~ okry gksrh gSA
7- fry %& e/kqj] dVqd] frä] d"kk; jl] m".koh;Z] fLuX/k gSA RoP;% ds';’p cY;’p okr?u% dQfiÙkd`rA
9- vjgj %& vk<dh dQfiÙk?uh okryk & dQfiÙkuk'kd vkSj okry gSA
10- dkdk.Mksy ¼'kwdf'kEch½ vkSj vkRexqIrk ¼dsokap½ & ds xq.k/keZ ek"k ds leku gSA 61
¼3½ ekaloxZ & 8 ;ksfu
1- izlg %& tks Ik'kq] i{kh nwljksa ls vkgkj nzO; cyiwoZd Nhudj [kk tkrs gSaA mUgs ^izlg* dgk tkrk gSA
mnk- & xks ¼xk;½] x/kk] ?kksM+k] [kPpj] ÅWaV] phrk] flag] Hkkyw] okuj] ektkZj] ew"kd] ';su] mywd] ok;lA
2- Hkw'k; %& tks fcyksa esa fuokl djrs gSa og ^Hkw'k;* dgykrs gSaA
mnk- & dkdqyh e`x] dwfpZdk ¼va/kk liZ½] dnyh ¼oufoykc½] fpYyV] Hksd
a ¼es<d½] xks/kk o udqyA
3- vkuwi %& ty ds lehiorhZ izns'k ;k vkuwi ns’k esa jgrs gSA mUgs ^vkuwi* dgrs gSA
mnk- & l`ej] pej%] [kM~xks] ekfg"k ¼HkSal½] xo; ¼uhyxk;½] xt ¼gkFkh½] ojkg vkSj :: ¼ckjgflaxk½A
4- okfj'k; %&tks ty esa fuokl djrs gS mUgsa ^tyt ;k okfj'k;* dgrs gSaA
mnk- & dweZ] ddZVd] exj] pqyd q h] eRL;] f’k’kqekj] mnz ¼ou foykc½] 'kqfä] 'ka[kdA
5- okfjpj %& tks ty esa pyus fQjus okys gksrs gSaA mUgsa ^typj ;k okfjpj* dgrs gSaA
mnk- & gal] dkSUp] dkj.MOk] Iyo] ds’kjh] mRØks’k] jä’kh"kZd] uUnheq[k] enxq] jksfg.kh] pØokdA
6- tkaxy %& tks LFky ¼Hkwfe½ ij mRiUu gksrs gS vkSj taxyksa esa fopj.k djrs gSa mUgsa ^tkaxy* dgrs gSaA
mnk & i`"kr] 'kjHk] 'k’k] gfj.k] ,.k] 'kEcj] e`xekrdk] mj.k] jke] 'ona"Vª] dqjax] xksd.kZ] _";] ojiksrA
8- iznqr %& tks tks i{kh viuh viuh pksp a ;k iSj ls izgkj dj vkgkj dks [kkrs gksA mUgsa ^iznqr* dgk tkrk gSaA
mnk & 'kri=] Hk`axjkt] cHkzq] thothod] tVh] nqUnqfHk] lkfjdk] dqfyaxd] pVd] diksr] ikjkorA
• izlg] Hkw'k;] vkuwi] okfjt] okfjpj thoksa dk ekal %& xq:] m".k oh;Z] fLuX/k vkSj jl esa e/kqj gksrk gSA
cY;] o`";] okrgj rFkk dQfiÙko/kZd gksrk gSA & th.kkZ’kksZxzg.khnks"k’kks"kkrkZuka iz;kst;sr~A
• tkaxy] fof"dj] izrqn ekal %& y?kq] 'khr oh;Z] ld"kk; e/kqj jl gksrk gSA ekal fiÙkiz/kku] e/;okr vkSj ghu
dQ okys jksx esa fgrdj gksrk gSA & fiÙkksÙkjs okre/;s lf™kikrs dQkuqxsA
tkaxy ekal & c)eydkjd ¼v- g- 6@55½ (BHU 2009)
➢ ¼tkaxy fogkj izfr"ks/k ykxw gS ¾ tkaxy] fof"dj] izrqn ekal & y?kq gS½
pj.kk;q/kk ¼eqxsZ dk ekal½ & fLuX/kk’pks".kk’p o`";k’p c`ag.kk% Lojcks/kuk%A cY;k% ija okrgjk% Losnuk’pj.kk;q/kk%A
,.k ekal ¼dkyk fgj.k½ & e/kqjk e/kqjk% ikds f=nks"k 'keuk% f’kok%A y?koks c)fo.ew-k% 'khr%’pS.kk% izdhfrZrk%A
eRL; ekal ¼eNyh dk ekal½ & xq:.kk e/kqjk cY;k c`ag.kk% ioukigk%A eRL;k% fLuX/kk p o`";k p cgqnks"k% izdhfrZrk%A
dweZ ekal ¼dNq, dk ekal½ & es/kkLe`frdj% iF;% 'kks"k?u% dweZ mP;rsA ¼p-lw- 27@84½
• 'kjhjcag.ks ukU;r~ [kk|a ekalkf}f’k";rsA & ¼p- lw- 27@87½
'kjhj dks c<kus okyk gsrq ekal dks NksMdj vU; nwljk dksbZ [kk| inkFkZ ugha gSA 62
¼4½ 'kkdoxZ
ikBk] 'kq"dk] 'kVh] okLrqd ,oa lqfu"k..kd 'kkd & ^xzkfg f=nks"k?uaA fHkUuopZLrq okLrqde~A
dkdekph 'kkd & f=nks"k’keuh o`";k dkdekph jlk;uhA] ukR;q".k'khroh;kZ] Hksfnuh] dq"Bukf'kuhA
jkt{kod & jkt{kod'kkda rq f=nks"k'keua y?kqA xzkfg 'kLra xzg.;’kksZfodkfj.kke~A xzg.kh o v'kZ esa fo'ks"k fgrdkjhA
miksfndk & e/kqjk e/kqjk ikds Hksnuh 'ys"eo/kZuhA o`";k fLuX/kk p 'khrk p en?uh pkI;qiksfndkA ¼p- lw- 27@94½
r.Mqyh;d 'kkd & :{kks enfo"k?u'p iz’kLrks jäfiÙkuke~A e/kqjks e/kqj% ikds 'khryL;r.Mqyh;d%A ¼111 S)
dw"ek.M %& l{kkja iDodw"ek.Ma e/kqjkEya rFkk y?kqA l`"Vew=iqjh"k p loZnks"kfucgZ.ke~AA ¼p- lw- 27@113½
fonkjhdUn %& thouks c`ag.kks o`";% d.B;% 'kLrks jlk;usA fonkjhdUnks cY;’p ew=y% Loknq’khry%A
¼5½ QyoxZ
• QyoxZ esa pjd us e}hdk] lqJqr us nkfMe vkSj okXHkê us loZizFke nzk{kk ds xq.kksa dk o.kZu fd;k gSA
• Vad ¾ uk’kikrh] flfEcfrdkQy ¾ lso] ikjkor ¾ ve:n] QYxq ¾ vathj] ekspk ¾ dsyk ds Ik;kZ; gSA
e}hdk %&^Js"B Qy* & r`".kknkgToj 'okljäfiÙk{kr{k; uk’kd] dkl LojHksn dks 'kh?kz nwj djrk gSA
e`}hdk o`ag.kh o`";k e/kqjk fLuX?k’khrykA ¼p- lw- 27@126½
cky vke %& jäfiÙkdja ckye~] viDo vke & viw.kZ fiÙko/kZue~] iDo vke & iDoekeza t;s}k;qa ekalk’kq~Øcyizne~A
yoyhQy %& d"kk;fo’knRokPPk lkSxU/kkPPk :fpizne~A vona’k{kea â|a okrya yoyhQye~A ¼p- lw- 27@143½
vkeyd %& fo|knkeyds lokZu~ jlkUyo.koftZrku~A :{ka Loknq d"kk;kEy dQfiÙkgja ijeA ¼p- lw- 27@147½
vkoWyk esa yo.k jl dks NksM+dj lHkh jl orZeku~ gSa] vkoWyk xq.k esa :{k] e/kqj d"kk;] vEyjl okyk] dQfiÙkgj gSA
¼2½ tEchjh uhcw %& jkspuks nhiuLrh{.k lqxfU/k% eq[k'kks/ku%A ¼okrdQ?u] Øfe?u] Hkäikpu%½A
¼3½ ewyd %& 1- ckya f=nks"kgja 2- o`)a f=nks"ka 3- ek:rkige~ fLuX/kfl)a 4- fo'kq"da rq ewyda dQokrftrA
¼4½ lqjl ¼rqylh½ %& fgDdkdklfo"k’oklik’oZ’kwyfouk’ku%A & 'okl] dkl] fgDdk] ik'oZ’kwy] ,oa fo"kfouk'kud gSA
fiÙkÑr] dQokr?u] lqjl% iwfrxU/kgkA
¼5½ HkwLr`.k ¼jksfgr?kkl½ %& iqaLRo?u% dVq:{kks".kks HkwLr`.kks oD=k'kks/ku%A ¼p- lw- 27@172½
¼6½ [kjkâk ¼L;kg thjk½ %& [kjkâk dQokr?uh ofLr jksx:tkigkAA ¼p- lw- 27@172½
¼7½ xktj %& xzkgh x`UtudLrh{.kks okr’ys"ek’kZlka fgr%A & vfiÙk izÑfr gsrq Losnu o Hkkstu esa iz;ksx djuk pkfg,A
¼8½ iyk.Mq & 'ys"eyks ek:r?u'p iyk.MquZ p fiÙkuqr~A vkgkj;ksxks cY;’p xq:oZ̀’;ks·Fk jkspu%A ¼p- lw- 27@175½
¼9½ y'kqu %& fØfedq"Bfdykl?uks okr?uks xqYeuk'ku%A fLuX/kks".k’p o`";’p y’kqu% dVqdks xq:%A ¼p- lw- 27@176½
¼7-½ e|oxZ
lkekU; xq.k %& izk;% lHkh izdkj ds e| vEyjl] m".koh;Z ,oa vEyfoikdh gksrs gSaA
1- lqjk & Ñ'kkuka läew=k.kka] xzg.kh v'kksZfodkfj.kke~ A lqjk iz'kLrk okr?uh LrU;jä{k;s’kq pA
2- efnjk & fgDdk] 'okl] izfr';k;] dkl] opksZxzg] v:fp] oeu] vkukg] foca/k esa efnjk fgrdkjh gksrh gSA
3- txy & 'kwy izokfgdk vkVksi dQokrk'kZlka fgr%A ¼p- lw- 27@181½
4- lqjklo & lqjklo% rhozenks okr?uks onufiz;%A rhozen ¼mxz u'kk djus okyh½ gksrh gSA
5- e/oklo & ^Nsnh e/oklo% rh{.kks*%A & nks"kksa dk Nsnu djus okyk vkSj rh{.k gSA
6- eSjs; & ^eSjs;ks e/kqjks xq:%A* & jl esa e/kqj ,oa ikd esa xq: gksrk gSA
7- e/kwfydk & ^'ys"eyk rq e/kwfydk*A & ;g dQ dks c<+kus okyh gksrh gSA
vkUrfj{k ty %& 'khra 'kqfp f'koa e`"Va foeya y?kq "kMxq.ke~A izÑR;k fnO;eqæda & ¼p- lw- 27@197½
vkdk'k ls fxjus okyk fnO;ty & 'khr] 'kqfp] dY;k.kdjh] e/kqj] foey vkSj y?kq bu N% xq.kksa okyk gksrk gSA
vO;Dr jl & ,sUæ] dkj vkSj fge & ;s vO;Dr jl okys gksrs gSA
mÙke ty ds xq.k & bZ"kRd"kk;e/kqja lqlw{ea fo'kna y?kqA v:{ka vufHk";fUn loZ ikuh;a mÙkee~A ¼p-lw- 27@202½
o"kkZty % & ^o"kkZty ogk u|% loZnks"k lehj.kk%A* & o"kkZ _rq esa unh dk ty lonks"k izdksid gksrk gSA
leqæty %& ^folz f=nks"ka yo.keEcq ;r~ o:.kky;eA & leqæty folzxa/kh] f=nks"kdksid ,oa yo.k jl okyk gksrk gS
65
¼9-½ xksjl oxZ
1- xksnqX/k %& 1- Loknq 'khra e`nq fLuX/ka cgya 'y{k.kfifPNye~A xq: eUna izlUua p xO;a n'kxq.ka i;%AA
rnsoxq.kesokSt% lkekU;knfHko/kZ;sr~A & xksnqX/k ds ;s 10 xq.k vkst ds xq.kksa ds leku gSA
2- izoja thouh;kuke {khjeqäa jlk;ue~A ¼p- lw- 27@218½ & lHkh thouh; inkFkks± eas Js"B rFkk jlk;u gS
2- ekfg"kh nqX/k %& xksnqX/k ls xq:rj] 'khrrj gksrk gS vkSj vf/kd Lusg;qDr] ^vfuæk ,oa vR;fXu jksx esa fgrdkjh gSA
3- m"VªnqX/k %& bZ"kr~] yo.k] :{k] m".k] y?kq gksrk gSA 'kLra okrdQkukgfØfe'kksQksnjk'kZlke~A ¼p- lw- 27@219½
4- ?kksM+h nqX/k %& cY;] LFkS;Zdj vkSj loZeq".ka gksrk gSA lkEya lyo.ka :{k 'kk[kkokrgja y?kqA
5- vtk nqX/k %& Nkxa d"kk; e/kqj] 'khr] xzkfg i;ks y?kqA jDrfiÙkkfrlkj?u] {k;dklTojkige~AA
7- gfLr nqX/k %& gfLFkuhuka i;ks cY;a xq: LFkS;Zdja ijeA ¼p- lw- 27@223½ (BHU 2013)
8- L=h nqX/k %& thoua o`g.ka lkRE;a Lusgua ekuq"ka i;%A ukoua jäfiÙks p riZ.ka pkf{k'kwfyuke~AA ¼p- lw- 27@224½
• L=h nqX/k thouh;] c`ag.kh;] lkRE; vkSj fLuX/krk dkjh gksrk gSA
• jäfiÙk esa & ukou ¼uL;½ nsus ls ,ao vf{k’kwy esa & ri.kZ djus ls ykHkizn gksrk gSA
nf/k
ngh ds xq.k %& jkspua nhiua o`";a Lusgua cyo/kZue~A ikds·Eyeq".ka okr?ua eaxY;a c`ag.ka nf/kA ¼p- lw- 27@225½
ngh dk jl vEy] foikd vEy] oh;Z m".k gksrk gS ,oa nf/k okr?u] eaxY; vkSj c`ag.k gksrk gS
ngh dk fu"ks/k %& ^'kjnxzh"e o clUrs"kq izk;’kks nf/k xfgZre~A & ¼p- lw- 27@226½
'kjn] xzh"e ,oa calr _rqvksa esa rFkk jDrfiÙk] dQt fodkjksa esa ngh ugha lsou djuk pkfg,A
gseUr] f’kf’kj ,oa o"kkZ _rq esa ngh dk iz;ksx djuk Js"B gksrk gSA (BHU 2013)
eUnd %& f=nks"ka eUnda & eUnd ¼vPNh rjg ls u tek gqvk ngh½ f=nks"kd izdksid gksrk gSA
ngh dh eykbZ %& okr?u ,oa 'kqØy gSA
ngh dk e.M %& 'ys"ekfuy?u ,oa lzk= s ksfo'kks/ku gksrk gSA
rØ
rØ ds xq.k %& 'kksQ] v'kZ] xzg.kh] ew=ÑPN] mnjjksx] v:fp dks u"V djrk gSA
Lusg O;kir] ik.Mq jksx ,oa fo"kfodkj esa iz;ksx rØ dk iz;ksx djuk pkfg,A
uouhr ds xq.k %& elaxzkfg] nhiua] g|a uouhra uoksn~/k`re~A (BHU 2014) xzg.kh] v'kZ] vfnZr ,oa v:fp uk'kd gSA
?k`r
?k`r ds xq.k %& Le`fr] cqf)] vfXu] 'kqØ] vkst] dQ vkSj esn dks c<kus okyk gksrk gSA
okrfiÙk?u gS] lHkh izdkj ds fo"kfodkj] mUekn] jkt;{ek] Toj bu fodkjksa dks nwj djrk gSA
th.kZ ?k`r & iqjkuk ?k`r en] ewPNkZ] viLekj] 'kks"k] mUekn] xjfo"k] Toj] ;ksfud.kZf'kj%'kwy uk'kd gksrk gSA
cdjh] HksM+ vkSj HkSal ds ?kh ds xq.k muds nw/k ds xq.k dks leku gksrs gSA
ih;w"k & uoizlwrk xkS dk izFke lkr fnu dk nw/k nhIrkfXu] vfuæk esa fgrdkjh
eksjV & lkr fnu ds ckn dk fLFkjrk okyk nw/k & xq:] o`ag.k] r`fIrnk;d] o`";A 66
¼10-½ b{kqoxZ
b{kqjl %& o`";] 'khr] lj fLuX/k] o`ag.k] e/kqjl vkSj 'ys"eo/kZd gksrk gSA
ikS.Mªd %& 'khryrk] LoPNrk vkSj e/kqjrk ds dkj.k lHkh xUuksa esa ^Js"B gS*A
oa'kd %& oa'kd ikS.Mªd ds leku xq.k okyk fdUrq dqN U;wu xq.k gksrk gSA
xqM %& izHkwrfØfe] eTtkl`M~ens ksekaldjks xqM%A ¼p- lw- 27@238½
xqM & fØfe jä] ekal] esn vkSj eTtk dks c<+kus okyk gksrk gSA
• eRL;f.Mdk ¼feJh½ → [kkSM → 'kdZjk → mÙkjksÙkj fueZy ,oa 'khryA
e/kq ds 4 Hksn
1- ekf{kd & rSy o.kZ ¼fiaxy o.kZ dh cM+h efD[k;ksa }kjk fufeZr½
2- {kkSæ & dfiy oxZ ¼fiaxy o.kZ dh NksVh efD[k;ksa }kjk fufeZr½
3- ikSfÙkd & ?k`r o.kZ ¼fiaxy o.kZ dh cM+h ^iqfRrdk uked* efD[k;ksa }kjk½
4- Hkzkej & 'osr o.kZ ¼HkkSajksa dh rjg dkyh efD[k;ksa }kjk fufeZr½
• ekf{kda izoja rs"kka fo'ks"kkn~ Hkzkeja xq: & ¼p-lw- 27@244½ & ekf{kd e/kq& Js"B vkSj Hkzkej e/kq& xq: gksrk gSA
• lkekU; xq.k %& okrya xq: 'khra p jäfiÙk dQkige~A lU/kkr` PNsnu :{ka d"kk;a e/kqja e/kqA ¼p-lw- 27@245½
e/kq jl esa d"kk; e/kqj gksrk gSA
• m".k fd;k gqvk e/kq e`R;qdkjd gksrk gSA
• vYi lsou %& xq::{kd"kk;RokPNSR;kPpkYia fgra e/kqA ¼p- lw- 27@246½ &
e/kq] xq:] 'khr] :{k vkSj d"kk; gksrk gS vr% vYi ek=k esa lsou djuk ykHkdkjh gksrk gSA
• e/oke & ukr% d"Vrea fdafpUe/okekÙkf) ekuoe~A miØefojksf/kRokr~ l|ksgU;k|Fkkfo"ke~A ¼p- lw- 27@247½
e/kq lsouTkU; vth.kZ ls c<dj dksbZ Hkh vth.kZ d"Vdkjh ugha gksrk gSA D;ksafd ;g miØe esa fojks/kh gksrk gSA
ftl izdkj fo"klsou ls 'kh?kz e`R;q gksrh gS mlh izdkj e/kq lsouTkU; vth.kZ 'kh?kz gh euq"; dks ekj Mkyrk gSA
• ;ksxokfg & ^ukukæO;kRedRokPp ;ksxokfg ija e/kqaA* ¼p- lw- 27@249½A &
vusd izdkj ds æO;ksa ds la;ksx ls e/kq dh mRifÙk gksrh gS blfy, e/kq mÙke ^;ksxokgh* gksrk gSA
✓ vkpk;Z pjd us e/kq] ok;q ^;ksxokfg* vkSj fiIiyh dks ^;ksxokfguh* dh laKk nh gSA
✓ LFkwy iq:"k ds fy, d`’;kFkZ vuqiku gSA & e/kwndA
yo.k
1- lSU/ko & jkspua nhiua o`";a p{kq";a vfonkfgA f=nks"k?u le/kqja lSU/koa yo.kksÙkee~A ¼p-lw- 27@300½
2- lkSopZy & lkSopZya focU/k?ua g|eqn~xkj'kksf/k pA & lw{e] m".k] y?kq vkSj mn~xkj 'kks/kd gksrk gSA
3- foM~yo.k & m/oZ pk/k'p okrkukekuqyksE;dja foMe~A & rh{.k] m".k] vfXunhiu vkSj mnj'kwy uk'kd gSA
4- vkSn~fHkn~ & lfrädVq l{kkja rh{.keqRDysfn p vkSn~fHkn~eA
5- dkyyo.k & lkSopZy yo.k le xq.koku fdUrq blesa xU/k ugha gksrh gSA
6- lkeqæ yo.k & lkeqæda le/kqjAa
7- ika'kqt yo.k & lfrä dVq ika'kqteA
lHkh yo.k & yo.ka loZ jkspue~ ikfd lalzu vfuykige~A ¼p- lw- 27@304½
{kkj
lHkh {kkj m".k] rh{.k] y?kq] :{k] Dysnh] ikpd] fonkjd] nkgd] nhiu] Nsnd vkSj vfXu le xq.k okys gksrs gSaA
;o{kkj %& gRik.Mqxzg.khjksxIyhgkukgxyxzgku~A dkla dQte’kkZafl ;ko’kwdks O;iksgfrAA ¼p- lw- 27@305½
ânzkx
s ] ik.Mq] xzg.kh] Iyhgjksx] vkukg] xyxzg] dQt dkl vkSj lHkh izdkj ds v'kZ jksxksa dks nwj djrk gSA
2- jksxkfHklj & jksxk.kkfHkljk gUrkj% izk.kkuke~ bfr jksxkfHklj%AA & izk.kksa ds uk'kd ,oa jksxksa dks ykus okykA
^izk.kkfHklj* ds foijhr ,dne foijhr tks oS| jksxksa dks c<+kus okys vkSj izk.kksa dk uk'k djus okys gksrs gSaA
os jksfx;ksa dks Bxus ds fy, oS| dk os'k /kkj.k dj ysrs gS vkSj vius okLrfod :i dks Nqik;s j[krs gSA
ân; vkJ; %& "kMaxeax foKkufefUæ;k.;FkZ i×pde~A vkRek p lxq.k'psrf'pUR;a âfn lafJre~AA ¼p- lw- 30@4½
¼1½ "kM~ax'kjhj ¼2½ i×p KkusfUæ; ¼3½ bfUæ;kFkZ ¼4½ lxq.k vkRekA ¼5½ eu
¼6½ eu ds fo"k; & ¼fpUR;] fopk;Z] Åg] ás;]a ladYi½A
rL;ksi?kkrkUewPNkZ;a HksnkUej.ke`PnfrA ¼p- lw- 30@6½ & ân; ij vk?kkr ls ewPNkZ ;k e`R;q gks ldrh gSA
vkxkjdf.kZdk lss ân; dh rqyuk %& vius fof'k"V xq.kksa ds dkj.k vkst dks ^egr~* dgrs gS vkSj tks /kefu;ka ân;
ls vkst dks leLr 'kjhj esa yh tkrh gSA os rRQyk@egkQyk dgykrh gSA
vkst dk LFkku %& rRiL;kStl% LFkkua r= pSrU;la³xzg%A gn;a egnFkZ'p rLeknqDra fpfdRldS%AA ¼p- lw- 30@7½
& ij vkst dk LFkku ân; gSA ân; pSrU; laxzkgd gSA
fu:fDr %& /keuh & /ekukr~ /keU;%A lzks=l & lzo.kkr lzkrs kaflA fljk & lj.kkr~ fljk%A ¼p- lw- 30@12½ 70
Js"B ¼mRÑ"V½ Hkko
1- vafglk izk.ko/kZukuka
2- oh;Z cyc/kZukuka
3- fo|k c`ag.kk.kka
4- ftrsfUæ; uUnukuka ¼eu% vkuano/kZd½
5- rRo cks/k g"kZ.kkuka
6- cãp;Z v;ukuka ¼ekxks± es½a
vk;qoZsnK y{k.k %& okD;'k% izopuA okD;kFkZ'k% izopu vFkkZo;o'k% izopuA bUgsa f=fo/k mÙkj Hkh dgrs gSA
osn & 4& _Xosn] lkeosn] ;tqosZn vkSj vFkoZosnA vk;qosZn & vFkZoosn esa viuh J)k izdV djrk gSA
fgr ,oa vfgr vk;q ds y{k.k & izkf.k;ksa dh HkykbZ pkgus okyk] ij /ku bPNk u j[kus okyk] lR;okfnu] 'kkfUrizseh]
ijh{; iwoZd dk;Z djus okyk] vlo/kku u jgus okyk] f=oxZ dk ck/kk jfgr miktZu djus okyk] iwtk;ksX; euq";ksa
dh iwtk djus okyk] Kku] foKku] 'kkfUr’khy] o`)ks dh lsok djus okys] jkx] bZ";kZ] en] eku ds osxksa dks jksdus okyk]
lrr fofo/k nku djus okyk] lnSo ri] Kku] vkSj 'kkfUr djus okys] v/;kRe fo|k dks tkuus okys vkSj mlh ds
vuqlkj vkpj.k djus okys] bl yksd vkSj ijyksd dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, Lej.k’kfä vkSj cqf) ls ;qä iq:"kksa dh vk;q
fgrk;q vkSj blls foijhr iq:"kksa dh vk;q vfgrk;q dgh tkrh gSA
e`R;q ds i;kZ; % & LoHkko] izo`fÙk:ije~ ¼izo`fÙk dk uk'k½] ej.k] vfuR;rk vkSj fujks/kA
vk;qosZn dk iz;kstu & iz;kstua pkL; LoLFkL; LokLF;j{k.ka vkrqjL; fodkjiz'keua pA ¼p- lw- 30@26½
LoLFk O;fDr ds LokLF; dh j{kk djuk vkSj jksxh O;fDr ds jksx dk mUewyu djuk & ;s 2 vk;qosZn ds iz;kstu gS
vk;qosZn 'kk'or gS & lks·;ek;qosZn% 'kk'orks fufnZ';rs] vukfnRokr~] LoHkkolafl) y{k.kRokr~ HkkoLoHkkofuR;kRokP;A
¼1½ vukfn & vukfndky ls fLFkr gksus lsA
¼2½ LoHkkolafl)y{k.kRokr~ & vk;qosZn ds y{k.k LoHkkor% fl) gksus lsA
¼3½ HkkoLoHkko fuR;kRo & inkFkks± ds LoHkko ls fuR; gksus lsA
v"Vkax vk;qosZn %& dk;fpfdRlk] 'kkyD;a] 'kY;kigr`Zda] fo"kxjoSjksf/kd iz'keau] Hkwrfo|k] dkSekjHk`R;da]
jlk;ua] ckthdj.kfefrA ¼p-lw- 30@28½
vk;qosZn dk v/;;u %& lqJqr & czkã.k] {kf=;] oS';] dqyxq.kh 'kqæA dk';i & loZxq.klEiUu lHkh oxZ ds Nk=A
pjd &1- czkã.k & ¼izkf.kuka vuqxzgkFkZ½ & izkf.k;ksa ds izfr ÑikHkko j[krs gq,A
2- {kf=; & ¼vkj{kkFkZ jktU;S%½ & izkf.k;ksa dh jksxksa ls j{k djus ds fy,
3- oS'; & ¼o`R;FksZ oS';s%½ & thfodk ¼/kuksiktZu½ ds fy,A 71
vk;qosZn dk v/;;u djuk pkfg,A
oS| ijh{kk ds fy, v"Vfo/k iz'u
• ,d oS| nwljs oS| ds Kku dh ijh{kk djus ds fy;s loZizFke 8 iz’uksa dks iwN ldrk gSA
iz'u %& 8 ¼1½ ra= ¼2½ ra=kFkZ ¼3½ LFkku ¼4½ LFkkukFkZ
¼5½ v/;k; ¼6½ v/;k;kFkZ ¼7½ iz'u ¼8½ iz'ukFkZA
1- r= %& r=k;qosZn% 'kk[kk fo|k lw=a Kkua 'kkL=a y{k.ka rU=e~ bR;kuFkkZUrje~A ¼p- lw- 30@31½
rU= & vk;qosZn 'kk[kk] fo|k] lw=] Kku] 'kkL=] y{k.k vkSj ra= & ;s lc 'kCn i;kZ;okph gSA ¼rU=.kkr~ ra=%½
2- rU=kFkZ %& rU=kFkZ% iqu% Loy{k.kS:ifn"V%A & rU=kFkZ 10 izdj.kksa ij fopkj fd;k tkrk gSA
¼1½ 'kjhj ¼2½ o`fÙk ¼3½ gsrq ¼4½ O;kf/k ¼5½ deZ ¼6½ dky ¼7½ dk;Z ¼8½ drkZ ¼9½ dkj.k ¼10½ fof/k
6- v/;k;kFkZ &¼1½ lw=LFkku & 'yksd LFkkua leqfn`"Va rU=L;kL; f'kj% 'kqHke~A
'yksd ¼lw=½ LFkku bl vk;qosZn ra= dk ^^'kqHk f'kj** ¼dY;k.kdkjd½ gSA
bfr loZfodkjk.kkeqäesrfPpfdfRlre~A LFkkuesrfpfdfRlre~A LFkku esrf) rU=L; jgL;a ijeqÙkee~A ¼p- fp- 30@228½
fpfdRlk LFkku bl vk;qosZn ra= dk ^^loksZÙke LFkku vkSj ije jgL;** gSA
lIrprq"d %& ¼1½ HkS"kT; prq"d ¼1 & 4½ ¼5½ jksx prq"d ¼17 & 20½
¼2½ LokLF; prq"d ¼5 & 8½ ¼6½ ;kstuk prq"d ¼21 & 24½
¼3½ funsZ'k prq"d ¼9 & 12½ ¼7½ vUuiku prq"d ¼25 & 28½
¼4½ fØ;k prq"d ¼13 & 16½ ¼8½ laxzg }; ¼29 & 30½