CH-7: ROAD MACHINERIES

Road machinery is road equipment that used in road construction, paving,

manufacturing aggregates for road building, maintaining roads etc. purposes.
Road construction machinery is reliable and outstanding invention assist in fulfill
our promise to above construction engineer’s expectations.
#Different types of tools, Equipments, and plants:
• Tools:
Hand shovel, chisel, peak, spade, hand hammer, brushes, trowel, wheel borrow
etc.
• Equipments/ Machinery:
Types of Machinery
1.Excavation Machinery
A)Excavator
i. Chain Excavator
ii. Wheel Excavator B)Drag Line
C)Dozer
i. Bulldozer
ii. Angle Dozer
D)Backhoe
2.Road Leveling Machinery: Grader
3.Earth Compaction Machine:ry: Roller
i. Smooth wheeled roller
ii. Pneumatic tyred roller
iii. Sheep's foot roller
iv. Vibratory roller
4.Transportation Machinery
i. Tractor Trolley ii. Dumper Truck
5.Watering Machinei:y:Water Bowser
6.Pavement Machinery
a)Flexible Pavements
i. Bitumen sprayer ii. Asphalt paver
b)Rigid pavements
ii. Portable concrete mixer
iii.Concrete batching plant
iv. Vibrator
1. Excavation Machinery:
A) Excavators:
i. Chain Excavator:

• Chain wheel system

• Used in hilly areas where
risks of sliding of machinery
are on the verge.
• Chain excavators has low
ground pressure because of
spreading of load on large
area. Therefore, it is also C �"'\

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used where soil support is
weak.
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ii. Wheel Excavator:

• Wheel excavator runs on

wheels
• used for excavation and
loading of dump trucks and ,
most of the time it is only
]
used for plain ground :.
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operations
• Becaus: e of wheel, it is not
suitable for hilly areas due to
low grip value to _the ground.
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B) Dragline
ADVANTAGES:
• Can do the undetwater digging work
• For digging from the pit, need not to go in to the pit.
DISADVANTAGES:
• To increase the length of the boom means to decrease
the size of the bucket.

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C) Dozer:

i.)BULLDOZERS: These are mounted with the blades, perpendicular to the

direction of travel.
Bulldozer are used for the following operations:
• Clear construction site of debris
• Level the earth
• Clear floors of the borrow pits
• Back-fill trenches
• Move earth for distances from 80 to 100 meters
• Construct temporary roads through difficult areas.
ii)ANGLE DOZERS: These are mounted with the blades set at an angle with the

direction of travel . The angle of inclination of the blade is kept up to 65 degree

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A backhoe, also called a rear actor or back actor, is a
piece of excavating equipment consisting of a digging
bucket on the end of a two-part articulated arm.
2. Road Levelling Machinery: Grader

A grader, is construction machine with a long blade

used for the following purposes;
• For spreading heaped earth into layers
• For maintaining cross section of the embankment
• For shaping the cross section during construction
• The output of a grader in four passes, is about 1300
sq. m per hour.
• Length of blade is about 3.5 meter.
• It is capable of turning, tilting, raising and lowering
• General graders used are of power 100 to 150 HP
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Scanned with CamScanner
3. Earth Compaction Macheinery: Roller

Roller is one of the essential equipment required for road

constrnction. A road roller is a compactor type engineering
vehicle used to compact;
• Soil
• Gravel
• Asphalt in the construction of roads
types of roller:
• Smooth wheeled rollers
• Pneumatic tyred rollers
• Sheep's foot rollers
• Vibratory rollers