PLUMBING

and
SANITARY
SYSTEMS
ENGR. JASINNE C. GARNA
Topic 4 –
PLUMBING
FIXTURES
4.1
Soil Fixtures

4.2
Scullery Fixtures

4.3
Bathing TOPIC
Fixtures TO BE DISCUSS
PLUMBING FIXTURES
Receptacles which are used to provide, receive and discharge
Definition: water, liquid and water-carried wastes into a drainage system
with which they are connected to

Classifications: Soil
Scullery
Bathing
Classifications: Soil Water Closets

Urinals

Slop Sinks

Kitchen Sinks
Scullery
Laundry Tubs

Bar Sinks

Lavatories
Bathing Bidets

Bathtubs Foot/Sitz Tub

Shower Baths Shower Receptors

Shower Compartments
Quality of • Dense
Fixtures: • Durable

• Non-absorbent

• Smooth, Impervious Surface

• Free form unnecessary concealed fouling

surfaces

• All fixtures shall conform in quality and

design to nationally recognized applicable
standards or to other approved standards
acceptable to the Administrative Authority
4.1
Soil Fixtures

4.2
Scullery Fixtures

4.3
Bathing TOPIC
Fixtures TO BE DISCUSS
WATER According to Type of
Flushing
CLOSETS
According to Make

Types:
According to Mounting

According to Flushing Action

According to Shape
Flush Tank water Direct Flush Valve ( DFV
closets water closets)

According to Type of
Flushing
Flush Tank water closets
-usually holds several liters on its
tank (capacity of 5 to 6 gallons)

the lever/push-button connected

-

to a blockade that prevents the

water from getting into the bowl
directly, when it is activated, this
blockade is lifted, and thus the
water can flow down into the bowl.
-dual-flush
-gravity-fed
-flapper or canister systems According to Type of
Flushing
Flush Tank water closets
Advantages:
•Requires Little Pressure
•Highly Efficient
•Straightforward Installation

Disadvantages:
•Resets Slowly
•Requires Lots of Maintenance

According to Type of
Flushing
•Direct Flush Valve ( DFV
water closets)
-Flushing action can be obtained
directly from a flush valve
connected into the bowl

- Also known as Flushometer or

Flushometer valve

-requires 10 to 20 psi flow pressure.

According to Type of
Flushing
•Direct Flush Valve ( DFV
water closets)
Advantages:
•Works Fast & Conveniently
•Produces Less Noise
•Easy Maintenance
•
Disadvantages:
•Requires High Water Pressure
•Tricky Repairs & Installation

According to Type of
Flushing
One-piece Water Closet Closed Coupled Water
Closet
The water closet fixture is
manufactured with the bowl
A water closet where in the
flush tank is separate but is
According to
and the flush tank molded into
a single unit.
attached to the toilet bowl. It is
a two-piece model. Make
 Pail Flush Water Closet
A water closet comprising only of a
bowl without a flush tank. Flushing
action is obtained only through water
poured from a pail or bucket. This is
used in areas where running water
systems are not available.
Squat Bowl Water
A water closet that is
According to
otherwise known as “Eastern
type” since the user assumes a
Make
squatting position rather than
a sitting position.
 Floor Mounted Wall Hung
A floor-mounted or standard toilet the A water closet installed in such

According to
classic bowl-and-tank design with the a way that no part of the water
tank clearly visible and the bowl closet touches the floor
connecting down to the floor
Mounting
Wash Down Reverse Trap

According to
Siphon Jet Siphon Vortex Flushing Action
Wash Down

- Flushes through a simple wash

down action
- Discharges waste into a trapway
located at the front of the bowl
- Has a bulge on the front
- Has a small amount of standing
water
- Cost less but is least efficient
and noisiest
According to Type of
Flushing
Reverse Trap

-Flushes through a siphon action

created in the trapway

According to Type of
Flushing
Siphon Jet

-Has a larger trapway making it

less likely to clog

-Quieter flushing action

-Retains a large amount of

standing water

According to Type of
Flushing
Siphon Vortex

-Less noisy and very efficient

-Flushing action is started by a

whirlpool motion followed by a
complete flush down

-Retains a large amount of

standing water

According to Type of
Flushing
 Round Front Elongated Front
intended for installation on a limited is more comfortable but

According to
space. occupies a larger space

Shape
MINIMUM WATER
CLOSET CLEARANCES
Setting:

Water closet center to side wall:

minimum of 0.375 m

Water closet center to WC

center: minimum of 0.75 m
Minimum Requirements for Water Closets

Occupancy Min.W.C. Kind & No. of Users

Dwelling or family
Apartment 1

1 per 1-100 males

Assembly Places 2 per 101-200 males
(Theaters and 3 per 201-400 males
Auditoriums- for 3 per 1-50 females
public use) 4 per 51-100 females
8 per 101-200 females
1 per additional 500 males over 400
2 per additional 300 females over 400
Minimum Requirements for Water Closets

Occupancy Min.W.C. Kind & No. of Users

Dormitories 1 per 10 males

1 per 8 females
1 per additional 25 males, 20
females

1 per 1 - 10 persons
Industrial
2 for 11 - 25 persons
3 for 26 - 50 persons
4 for 51 - 75 persons
5 for 76 - 100 persons
1 per additional 30 persons in
excess of 100
URINALS Wall Hung

Types: Pedestal

Stall

Through
 Wall Hung Pedestal
A wall urinal has its plumbing hidden Urinal mounted on a single
behind the wall pedestal.

Urinals
 Through Stall
An economical option in that one unit A kind of urinal that either the
provides enough space to a floor or flange supports.
maximum of eight men, and it only

Urinals
requires one plumbing connection.
Minimum Clearance for Urinals
Setting:
- Urinal center to side wall: minimum of 0.30 m

-Urinal center to urinal center: minimum of 0.60 m

Minimum Clearance for Urinals
Flushing:

- Every water supply to a urinal shall be protected by an approved type

vacuum breaker or other approved backflow prevention device

- Urinals shall have an average water consumption of not more than 1.0
gallon (3.8 liters) of water per flush.

- Flushing urinals shall be done through automatic flushing tanks. (NPC

408.1)

- Flushometer valves shall be self-closing type discharging a

predetermined quantity of water. No manually controlled flushometer
valve shall be used to flush group urinals. (NPC 408.2)
Minimum Requirements for Urinals

Occupancy Min.W.C. Kind & No. of Users

Schools:
Elementary 1 per 75 males
Secondary 1 per 35 males

1 per 1-100 males

Office or Public
2 per 101-200 males
Building
3 per 201-400 males
4 per 401-600 males
1 For each additional 300 males
Minimum Requirements for Urinals

Occupancy Min.W.C. Kind & No. of Users

Assembly Places 1 per 1-100 males

( Theaters and 2 per 101-200 males
auditoriums)- for 3 per 201-400 males
public use) 4 per 401-600 males
1 For each additional 500 males

1 Per 25 males
Dormitories
1 per 50 males in excess of 150

Industrial and
0 0
Commercial
 4.1
Soil Fixtures

4.2
Scullery
Fixtures

4.3
Bathing TOPIC
Fixtures TO BE DISCUSS
KITCHEN SINKS Single-bowl sink

Types: Double-bowl sinks

Triple bowl sinks

Corner Sink
Single-bowl sink Double-bowl sinks

Kitchen
Sinks
Triple bowl sinks Corner Sink

Kitchen
Sinks
Materials:
Stainless Steel Copper

Porcelain or Enamel over Cast Glass

Iron

Integral Solid Surface

Composite
Granite Composite
Quartz Composite
Soapstone
BAR SINKS
LAUNDRY TUBS
SLOP SINKS
 4.1
Soil Fixtures

4.2
Scullery
Fixtures

4.3
Bathing TOPIC
Fixtures TO BE DISCUSS
LAVATORIES Pedestal

Types: Wall Hung

Through

Pullman or Counter
 Pedestal Wall Hung
•installed in small bathrooms where •lavatory sink that is mounted
space does not allow a large sink on the wall.
vanity cabinet

Lavatories
•fastened to a wall, with a pedestal
under the drain to support the sink
and conceal the plumbing
 Trough
•larger, single basin sinks, which
accommodate two or more wash
stations and thus have two or more
faucets
Lavatories
Classifications of
Counter Lavatories
BATHTUBS Bathtubs

Types: Whirlpool Baths


Bathtubs
a tube for bathing, usually a fixed
plumbing installation designed for
one person
Whirlpool Baths:
Example: JACUZZIS
a. Provide removable access panel to the pump.
b. Locate the circulation pump above the crown weir of
the trap.
c. The pump and the circulation piping shall be self-
draining to minimize water retention.
d. Suction fittings on whirlpool bathtubs shall comply with
the listed standards.
Bathtubs
BIDETS

Used for cleaning private parts

Sometimes referred to as
female urinals
Minimum Clearance for Bidets
Setting:

-Bidet center to side wall: minimum of 0.375 m

-Bidet center to bidet center: minimum of 0.75 m

FLOOR DRAINS
With approved-type hinged trainer
plate with the sum of the areas of
the small holes of the waterway
equal to the cross-sectional area of
the tailpiece

Provided with integrally cast water

stop outside flange around the body
at mid depth and with an inside
caulk outlet to provide a watertight
joint in the floor
SHOWER
RECEPTORS
Receptor floor shall drain not less
than 2% or more than 4% slope.

Thresholds shall accommodate a

minimum 559 mm wide door.
SHOWER BATHS/
COMPARTMENTS
Metal enclosure containing shower head, valves
and faucets

Shall have a minimum interior area of 0.6 m2 and

shall be capable of encompassing a 762 mm
diameter circle.

This area shall be maintained from a point above

the shower drain to a height of 1.78m with no
protrusions other than the fixture valve, shower
head and safety grab rails.

Drains for gang shower rooms shall be spaced not

more than 4.9 m apart.