X i−X

Determine the value Zi = with : Zi : Standard Store

S

X i : Data Score

X:

S:

( )( s −∑ pq
)
2
n
r 11 = 2
n−1 s

r 11:

n:

p:

q:

∑ pq :

√
M p−M t p
r phi =
SD t q

r phi :

Mp :

M t:

p:

q:

SD :

the bigger variance

F count =
the smallest variance

M 1−M 2
t 0=
SEM 1−M 2
t0 :