Static GK 2024

SOME IMPORTANTS UNITS
Physical Quantity Unit(S.I.) Symbol

Distance Metre m
Mass Kilogram kg
Time Second s
Current Ampere A
Temperature Kelvin K
Luminous Intensity Candela Cd
Angle Radian rad
Solid Angle Steradian Sr
Force Newton N
Energy Joule J
Speed Metre/second ms-1
Angular Velocity Radian/second rad s-1
Frequency Hertz Hz
Moment of Inertia Kilogram meter square kg m2
Momentum Kilogram meter/second kg ms-1
Angular Momentum Kilogram metre square/ second kg m2s-1
Pressure Pascal Pa
Power Watt W
Surface Tension Newton per metre Nm-1
Viscosity Newton second per metre Nsm-2
square
Thermal Conductivity Watt per meter per degree Wm-1 oC-1
celcius
Specific Heat Joule per kilogram per kelvin Jkg-1 K-1
Electric Charge Coulomb C
Potential Volt V
Capacitance Farad F
Electric Resistance Ohm Ω
Inductance Henry H
Magnetic Flux Weber Wb
Luminous Flux Lumen lm
Illuminance Lux lx
Optical Wavelength Angstrom Å
Impulse Newton second Ns
Telegram- https://t.me/gvwitmover
List of Important Mountain Passes in India
Name Place Connects / Between

Jammu and
Kashmir
Aghil Pass J&K (Karakoram Ladakh & Xinjiang

Range) (China)
Banihal Jammu and Banihal with Qazigund
Pass Kashmir.
It is
situated in Pir Panjal
Range. In 1956,
Jawahar Tunnel
(Banihal Tunnel) was
constructed under
the Pass.
Zoji la Pass Jammu and Kashmir Connects Srinagar with
Kargil and
Leh
Pensi La Jammu and Suru Valley (Kashmir)
Kashmir (Ladakh) with Zanskar
Valley (Kargil)
Jammu and Nubra & Siachen
Sasser Kashmir (Ladakh) Glacier
Pass
Lanak Pass Jammu and Ladakh & Tibet
Kashmir (Ladakh)
Shingo La Jammu and Connects Lahaul in
Kashmir (Ladakh) Himachal
Pradesh and Zanskar in
Jammu and
Kashmir
Karakoram Jammu and Ladakh & Xinjiang
Pass Kashmir (Ladakh) (China)
Khardung Jammu and Leh & Nubra Valley
La Kashmir (Ladakh)
Namika La Jammu and Kargil and Leh
Kashmir (Ladakh)
Chang La Ladakh, Jammu and Ladakh with Tibet
Pass Kashmir
Fotu La Srinagar-Leh Leh and Kargil
highway in
the Himalayas Zaskar
Range
Himachal Pradesh
Bara- Himachal Pradesh. It Lahaul district in
lacha-La is situated in Zanskar Himachal
range Pradesh to Ladakh in
Jammu and
Kashmir
Chanshal Himachal Pradesh Dodra Kwar and Rohru
Pass (Chirgaon)
in the Shimla
Debsa Pass Himachal Pradesh Spiti Valley and Parvati
Valley
Kunzum Himachal Pradesh Kullu Valley and Lahaul
Pass Valley with
the Spiti Valley of
Himachal
Pradesh
Rohtang Himachal Pradesh Kullu Valley with the
Pass Lahaul and
Spiti Valleys of
Himachal Pradesh
Shipki La Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh with
Tibet
Arunachal Pradesh
Bomdi La Arunachal Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh with
Lhasa
(Tibet)
Diphu Pass Arunachal Pradesh Provides easy and an
alternate
route to (Mandalay)
Myanmar
Sela Pass Arunachal Pradesh Connects Indian
Buddhist town
of Tawang to Dirang
and Guwahati
Sikkim
Nathu La Sikkim Sikkim & Tibet
Dongkha Sikkim Sikkim with Tibet
La
Jelep La Sikkim Sikkim with Lhasa
(Tibet)
Sikkim
Goecha La
Jelep La Sikkim Sikkim with Lhasa
(Tibet)
Rajasthan
Haldighati Aravalli Range of Rajsamand and Pali
Pass Rajasthan District
Uttarakhand
Niti Pass Uttarakhand Uttarakhand with Tibet
Nama Pass Uttarakhand Kuthi and Darma Valley
Mana Pass Uttarakhand Tibet with Uttarakhand
Lipu lekh Uttarakhand Uttarakhand with Tibet
Pass
Traill’s Uttarakhand Links Pindari Valley to
Pass Milam Valley
Important Facts related to Lakes of India
• Largest freshwater lake in India – Wular Lake, Jammu and Kashmir
• Largest Saline water lake in India – Chilka Lake, Orissa
• Highest lake in India (Altitude) – Cholamu lake, Sikkim
• Longest Lake in India – Vembanad lake, Kerala
• Largest Artificial Lake in India – Govind Vallabh Pant Sagar (Rihand Dam)
• Dhebar Lake is India’s second-largest artificial lake, after Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar. It
is located in the Udaipur District of Rajasthan.
Type of
Name State District Facts/Description
Lakes
It encompasses Pulicat
Andhra Brackish Lake Bird Sanctuary;
Pulicat Lake Sullurpet
Pradesh Water Satish Dhawan Space
Centre located here
Andhra
Kolleru Lake Vijayawada Freshwater
Pradesh
Artificially
Nagarjuna Andhra
Nalgonda Freshwater constructed;
Sagar Pradesh
Krishna river
Andhra
Cumbum Lake — — —
Pradesh
Haflong Lake Assam Silchar Freshwater High altitude lake

Under Ramsar
DeeporBeel Assam Kamrup Freshwater
Convention
Freshwater
Largest wetland in
Son Beel Assam Karimganj (Tectonicall
Assam
y formed)
Chandubi lake Assam Kamrup Freshwater
Arunachal
Sala Lake -------------- ---------- ------------
Pradesh
Sangestar Tso Arunachal
Tawang ---------- ------------
(Madhuri Lake) Pradesh
Ganga Lake Arunachal
Itanagar ----------- ---------------
(Geker Sinying) Pradesh
Oxbow Asia’s largest

Kanwar Lake Bihar Begusarai (freshwater freshwater oxbow
) lake;
Nal Sarovar Gujarat

Situated in centre of
Hamirsar lake Gujarat Kutch Artificial
Bhuj
During 14th century
Kankaria lake Gujarat Ahmedabad Artificial
by Muhammed Shah II
Narayan Artificial Pilgrimage site for
Gujarat Kutch
Sarovar freshwater Hindus
Constructed for
Thol Lake Gujarat Mehsana Lentic lake
irrigation purpose
Narmada River;
Vastrapur Gujarat Ahmedabad Freshwater
Picnic spot
Sursagar Lake Gujarat ------ ------- -------
Lakhota Lake Gujarat ------- ------- -------
Badkhal Lake Haryana Faridabad Freshwater Man made

Blue Bird Lake Haryana Hisar Freshwater
Brahma Ancient water pool
Haryana Thaneswar Freshwater
Sarovar sacred to Hinduism
Damdama Lake Haryana Sohna Freshwater
Connected to great
Karna Haryana Karnal Freshwater
epic Mahabharata
Freshwater
Tilyar Haryana Rohtak (canal
inflow)
Surajkund
Haryana Faridabad ------ -------
Lake
Himachal Lahul and Sweetwater

Chandra Taal Ramsar wetland site
Pradesh Spiti lake
Freshwater
Himachal Lahul and
Suraj Taal (High Bhaga River inflow
Pradesh Spiti
Altitude)
MaharanaPrata Himachal
Kangra Freshwater Ramsar site
pSagar Pradesh
Holomitic
Himachal
Prashar lake Mandi (Freshwater
Pradesh
)
Himachal It is designated as the
Renuka lake Sirmaur Freshwater
Pradesh Ramsar site
Himachal
Nako Lake Kinnaur ------ -------
Pradesh
Warm Remnants of past

Dal lake J &K Srinagar
monomitic glacial period
Endorheic
Pangong Tso J &K Ladakh Lake (saline Indo-China Border
water)
Tectonic
Largest freshwater
Wular lake J &K Bandipora lake (fresh
lake in India
water)
TsoMoriri J &K Ladakh Saltwater High altitude lake
Anchar Lake J &K -------- -------- --------
Manasbal Lake J &K -------- -------- --------
Gadsar Lake J &K -------- -------- --------
Gangabal Lake J &K -------- -------- --------
Vishansar Lake J &K -------- -------- --------
Mansar Lake J &K -------- -------- --------
Marsar Lake J &K -------- -------- --------
Tarsar Lake J &K -------- -------- --------
Sheshnag J &K -------- -------- --------
Tulian lake J &K -------- -------- --------
Located in the
Agata lake Karnataka Bangalore Freshwater southwest part of the
city
Bellandur Lake Karnataka Bangalore Freshwater --------
Karachi lake Karnataka Mysore -------- Butterfly park
Ulsoor lake Karnataka Bangalore Stale water
Kukarahalli
Karnataka Mysore Freshwater
lake
Honnamana Karnataka Kodagu Freshwater
Pampa Sarovar Karnataka Hampi Freshwater Tungabhadra river
Hebbal Lake Karnataka -------- -------- --------
Ashtamudi Brackish
Kerala Kollam
Kayal water
Alappuzha,
Kuttanad Kerala
Kottayam
Brackish
Vembanad Kerala --------
water
Shashtamkotta Kerala Kollam Freshwater
Thiruvananth
Vellayani Lake Kerala -------- --------
apuram
Madhya. Ramsar site; largest

Bhojtal Bhopal Freshwater
Pradesh artificial lake in India
Salim Ali Lake Maharashtra Aurangabad Freshwater

Shivsagar Maharashtra Satara Freshwater
Lonar lake Maharashtra Buldhana Crater lake
Gorewada Lake Maharashtra -------- -------- --------
Pashan Lake Maharashtra -------- -------- --------
Powai Lake Maharashtra -------- -------- --------
Rankala Lake Maharashtra -------- -------- --------
Venna Lake Maharashtra -------- -------- --------
Tulsi Lake Maharashtra -------- -------- --------
Vihar Lake Maharashtra -------- -------- --------
Ramsar wetland;
Lenticular Phumdis (Floating
Loktak lake Manipur –
freshwater Islands); Multipurpose
project
Famous for cycling

Umiam Meghalaya Shillong Freshwater
and boating
Tam Dil Mizoram Saitual Freshwater --------
India’s largest
Brackish
Chilika lake Orissa Puri brackish water lake;
water
lagoon
Kanjia lake Orissa Bhubaneswar Freshwater
On the left bank of the
Anshupa Lake Orissa Cuttack Freshwater
Mahanadi river
Harike Punjab Ferozepur Freshwater

Manmade revering
Rupar Punjab Rupnagar Freshwater
lake
Kanjli Punjab Kapurthala Freshwater
Sambhar largest inland

Sambhar lake Rajasthan Saltwater
Lake-town saltwater lake in India
Rajsamand Rajasthan Rajsamand Freshwater –
Dhebar Lake Rajasthan
Kaylana Lake Rajasthan
Nakki Lake Rajasthan
Pachpadra
Rajasthan
Lake
Man Sagar
Rajasthan
Lake
Didwana Lake Rajasthan
Lunkaransar
Rajasthan
Salt Lake
Anasagar Lake Rajasthan
Talwara Lake Rajasthan
Tsomgo lake Sikkim East Sikkim Freshwater

Sacred lake for Hindus
Khecheoplari Sikkim West Sikkim Freshwater
and Buddhists
Gurudongmar north of the
Sikkim — —
Lake Kanchendzonga range
Ooty lake Tamilnadu Nilgiris Freshwater

Chembaramba Artificial
Tamilnadu Chennai –
kkam lake
Kodaikanal Artificial
Tamilnadu Dindigul
Lake lake
Coastal
Kaliveli Lake Tamil Nadu Viluppuram lake and —
lagoon
Kolavai Tamil Nadu — — —
Puzhal lake
(Red Hills Tamil Nadu — — —
Lake)
Sholavaram
Tamil Nadu
lake
Berijam Lake Tamil Nadu
Veeranam Lake Tamil Nadu
Artificial
Hussain Sagar Telangana Hyderabad
lake
Badrakali lake Telangana Warangal Freshwater
Osman Sagar Telangana — —
Himayat Sagar Telangana — —
Pakhal Lake Telangana — —
Shamirpet Lake Telangana — —
Saroornagar
Telangana — —
Lake
Durgam
Telangana Rangareddy
Cheruvu
Govind Ballabh Uttar Man-made

Sonbhadra Rihand dam
Pant Sagar Pradesh lake
Uttar
Belasagar Kulpahar Freshwater Irrigation lake
Pradesh
Bhimtal Uttarakhand Nainital Freshwater Medium altitude lake
East Calcutta Brackish

West Bengal Calcutta Ramsar wetland
wetlands water
Races and Tribes of the World
Races & Tribes Place

Abhors Assam and Arunachal Pradesh
Afridis Pakistan
Afrikaner South Africa
Ainus Japan
Akuntsu Brazil
Aleuts Alaska
Amerinds North America
Angami Nagaland
Awa Brazil
Badagas Tamil Nadu
Baiga Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha and MP
Bantus Central and Southern Africa
Basque Spain
Batak Indonesia
Bedouin Sahara and Middle East
Berbers Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia
Bhils Gujarat, MP, Rajasthan, and Tripura
Biate Assam, Meghalaya and Mizoram
Bindibu Western Australia
Birhor Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Odisha
Bodos Assam
Boers South Africa
Bokar Lhoba Arunachal Pradesh and Assam
Bonda Odisha
Buksa Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh
Bushmen Kalahari
Chenchus Andhra Pradesh, Odisha and Karnataka
Chukchi NE Asia, USSR, North Siberia
Cossacks Southern & Eastern parts of Russia
Dayak China
Dinka Sudan
Eskimos Greenland, North Canada, Alaska, N Siberia
Fulani Western Africa
Garos Assam
Gaucho Uruguay and Argentina
Gonds Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Andhra

Pradesh and Odisha
Guicas Amazon forest area
Hamites North-West Africa
Hausa North Nigeria
Hotten tots Africa
Ibanas Equatorial rain forest region of SouthEast

Asia
Irula Tamil Nadu
Jaintias Meghalaya and Assam
Jivaroan Loreto and San Martin, Peru
Kalmuk Central Asia
Kampti Arunachal Pradesh
Kanis Kerala
Kankar Tamil Nadu
Kazakhs Kazakhstan
Khairwar Madhya Pradesh
Kharia Madhya Pradesh
Khasa Madhya Pradesh
Khasis Meghalaya and Tripura
Khonds Odisha
Khovas Arunachal Pradesh
Kirghiz Asiatic steppes
Kol Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra
Kolam Andhra Pradesh
Konyak Nagaland
Korba Bihar and Chhattisgarh
Korowai Papua
Koryakas North Siberia, Eurasian
Kotas Tamil Nadu
Kuki Manipur, Assam, Nagaland and Tripura
Kurds Iraq
Lachenpas/Bhutia Sikkim
Lahaulas Himachal Pradesh
Lambada / Sugalisa Andhra Pradesh
Lapps North Finland, Scandinavian country
Lepchas SikkiM
Limbus Sikkim
Lushai Mizoram and Tripura
Madhesi Nepal
Magyars Hungary
Maoris New Zealand
Masai East & Central Africa
Meena Rajasthan
Meos Myanmar
Mikirs Assam
Mishing Assam
Mongols Gobi
Monpas Arunachal Pradesh
Munda
Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, Odisha
and Chhattisgarh
Murias Bastar, Chhattisgarh
Nagas Nagaland
Nishis Arunachal Pradesh
Onges Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Orang Alsi Malaysia
Oraon / Kurukh Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha and West

Bengal
Pangwal Himachal Pradesh
Papuans New Guinea
Pho North-East
Pygmies Central Africa (Congo basin)
Rahabas Assam
Reang Tripura
Red Indian North America
Rengma North-East
Rohingya Myanmar
Sabra Madhya Pradesh
Sahariya Rajasthan
Sangtam North-East
Santhals West Bengal, Odisha, Jharkhand
Sema Nagaland
Semangs East Sumatra
Sentinelese Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Sherdukpens Arunachal Pradesh
Shompens Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Tagin Arunachal Pradesh
Tanni / Apa Tanis Arunachal Pradesh
Tapiro Papua New Guinea
Tikuna Brazil
Todas Nilgiri Hills
Turregs Sahara
Uralis Kerala
Veddas Sri Lanka
Yanomami Southern Venezuela and Northern Brazil
Yoakuts Siberia
Zeliang Nagaland
Zo'é Brazil
Zulus South Africa
Straits
 Longest Straits : Strait of Malacca (800 km) connects the Andaman Sea with the
South China Sea (Pacific Ocean).
 Narrowest Strait: Strait of Bosphorus connecting the Black Sea with the Marmara
Sea.
 Bering Strait: separates Asia from America.
 Bass Strait: separates Australia from Tasmania.
 Gibraltar Strait: Separates Africa from Europe.
Name Separates Connects
Bering Strait Asia and North America East Siberian Sea with Bering
Sea
La Parouse Strait Sakhalin Island & Hokkaido Sea of OKhotsk with Sea of
Island Japan
Tata Strait Eastern Russia and Sakhalin Sea of OKhotsk with Sea of
Japan
Korea Strait South Korea and Kyushu (Japan) Yellow Sea with Sea of Japan
Formosa Strait (Taiwan Taiwan & China East China Sea with South
Strait) China Sea
Luzon Strait Taiwan & Luzon (phillippines) South China Sea with Pacific
Ocean
Makassar Strait Borneo (Kalimantan) & Celebes Celebes Sea with Java Sea
Island
Sundra Strait Java and Sumatra Java Sea with India Ocean
Malacca Strait Malaya Peninsula and Sumatra Java Sea with Bay of Bengal
Strait of Jahore Singapore & Malaysia South China Sea with strait of
Malacca
Strait of Hormuz UAE and Iran Persian Gulf with Gulf of
Oman
Strait of Bosporus Asia and Europe Black Sea with Sea of
Marmara
Strait of Dardanelles Asia and Europe Sea of Marmara with

Mediterranean Sea
SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS AND ITS USES
INSTRUMENT USES
ALTIMETER IT MEASURES ALTITUDES AND IS USED IN AIRCRAFTS.
AMMETER IT MEASURES STRENGTH OF ELECTRIC CURRENT (IN AMPERES).
ANEMOMETER IT MEASURES FORCE AND VELOCITY OF WIND
AUDIOMETER IT MEASURES INTENSITY OF SOUND
AUDIOPHONE IT IS USED FOR IMPROVING IMPERFECT SENSE OF HEARING
BAROGRAPH IT IS USED FOR CONTINUOUS RECORDING OF ATMOSPHERIC

PRESSURE.
BAROMETER IT MEASURES ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE..
BINOCULAR IT IS USED TO VIEW DISTANT OBJECTS
BOLOMETER IT MEASURES HEAT RADIATION.
CALORIMETER IT MEASURES QUANTITY OF HEAT.
CARBURETTOR IT IS USED IN AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE FOR

CHARGING AIR WITH PETRC VAPOUR.
CARDIOGRAM IT TRACES MOVEMENTS OF THE HEART, RECORDED ON A

CARDIOGRAPH.
CHRONOMETER IT DETERMINES LONGITUDE OF A PLACE KEPT ONBOARD SHIP.
CINEMATOGRAPHY IT IS AN INSTRUMENT USED IN CINEMA MAKING TO THROW ON

SCREEN AND ENLARGED IMAGE OF PHOTOGRAPH.
CRESCOGRAPH IT MEASURES THE GROWTH IN PLANTS.
CYCLOTRON A CHARGED PARTICLE ACCELERATOR WHICH CAN

ACCELERATE CHARGED PARTICLE
TO HIGH ENERGIES.
DYNAMO IT CONVERTS MECHANICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY.
DYNAMOMETER IT MEASURES ELECTRICAL POWER.
ELECTROMETER IT MEASURES ELECTRICITY
ELECTROSCOPE IT DETECTS PRESENCE OF AN ELECTRIC CHARGE.
ENDOSCOPE IT EXAMINES INTERNAL PARTS OF THE BODY
EUDIOMETER A GLASS TUBE FOR MEASURING VOLUME CHANGES IN CHEMICAL

REACTIONS BETWEEN GASES.
FATHOMETER IT MEASURES THE DEPTH OF THE OCEAN.
GALVANOMETER IT MEASURES THE ELECTRIC CURRENT OF LOW MAGNITUDE
HYDROMETER IT MEASURES THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF LIQUIDS.
HYGROMETER IT MEASURES HUMIDITY IN AIR.
HYDROPHONE IT MEASURES SOUND UNDER WATER
KYMOGRAPH IT GRAPHICALLY RECORDS PHYSIOLOGICAL MOVEMENTS

(BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART BEAT).
LACTOMETER IT DETERMINES THE PURITY OF MILK.
MANOMETER IT MEASURES THE PRESSURE OF GASES.
MARINER'S COMPASS IT IS AN INSTRUMENT USED BY THE SAILORS TO DETERMINE THE

DIRECTION.
MICROPHONE IT CONVERTS THE SOUND WAVES INTO ELECTRICAL VIBRATIONS

AND TO MAGNIFY THE SOUND.
MICROSCOPE IT IS USED TO OBTAIN MAGNIFIED VIEW OF SMALL OBJECTS.
ODOMETER AN INSTRUMENT BY WHICH THE DISTANCE COVERED BY WHEELED

VEHICLES IS MEASURED.
PHONOGRAPH AN INSTRUMENT FOR PRODUCING SOUND.
PHOTOMETER THE INSTRUMENT COMPARES THE LUMINOUS INTENSITY OF THE

SOURCE OF LIGHT
PERISCOPE IT IS USED TO VIEW OBJECTS ABOVE SEA LEVEL (USED IN SUB-

MARINES).
POTENTIOMETER IT IS USED FOR COMPARING ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE OF CELLS.
PYROMETER IT MEASURES VERY HIGH TEMPERATURE.
RADAR IT IS USED FOR DETECTING THE DIRECTION AND RANGE OF AN

APPROACHING PLAN BY MEANS OF RADIO MICROWAVES.
RAIN GAUGE AN APPARATUS FOR RECORDING RAINFALL AT A PARTICULAR

PLACE
RADIOMETER IT MEASURES THE EMISSION OF RADIANT ENERGY.
REFRACTOMETER IT MEASURES REFRACTIVE INDEX.
SACCHARIMETER IT MEASURES THE AMOUNT OF SUGAR IN THE SOLUTION.
SEISMOGRAPH IT MEASURES THE INTENSITY OF EARTHQUAKE SHOCKS.
SALINOMETER IT DETERMINES SALINITY OF SOLUTION.
SEXTANT THIS IS USED BY NAVIGATORS TO FIND THE LATITUDE OF A PLACE BY

MEASURING THE ELEVATION ABOVE THE HORIZON OF THE SUN OR
ANOTHER STAR
SPECTROMETER IT IS AN INSTRUMENT FOR MEASURING THE ENERGY DISTRIBUTION

OF A PARTICULAR TYPE OF RADIATION.
SPEEDOMETER IT IS AN INSTRUMENT PLACED IN A VEHICLE TO RECORD ITS SPEED.
SPNYGMOMANOMETER IT MEASURES BLOOD PRESSURE.
SPHEROMETER IT MEASURES THE CURVATURES OF SURFACES.
STEREOSCOPE IT IS USED TO VIEW TWO DIMENSIONAL PICTURES.
STETHOSCOPE AN INSTRUMENT WHICH IS USED BY THE DOCTORS TO HEAR AND

ANALYSE HEART AND LUNG SOUNDS
STRABOSCOPE IT IS USED TO VIEW RAPIDLY MOVING OBJECTS.
TACHOMETER AN INSTRUMENT USED IN MEASURING SPEEDS OF AEROPLANES AND

MOTOR BOATS.
TELEPRINTER THIS INSTRUMENT RECEIVES AND SENDS TYPED MESSAGES FROM

ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER.
TELESCOPE IT VIEWS DISTANT OBJECTS IN SPACE.
THEODOLITE IT MEASURES HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL ANGLES.
THERMOMETER THIS INSTRUMENT IS USED FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF

TEMPERATURES.
THERMOSTAT IT REGULATES THE TEMPERATURE AT A PARTICULAR POINT.
VISCOMETER IT MEASURES THE VISCOSITY OF LIQUIDS.
VOLTMETER IT MEASURES THE ELECTRIC POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TWO

POINTS
.
FIRST IN INDIA AND WORLD : 2020 - 2021
India's first graphene innovation centre Kerala
India's First Open Rock Museum Hyderabad (Telangana)
India's First Paperless High Court Kerala High Court
First country to go 100% paperless Dubai
Corona's first case of new variant South Africa

OMICRON
first death from Corona's new variant Britain

OMICRON
first case of OMICRON in India Karnataka
India's first water plus city Indore Madhya Pradesh
India's first TB free union territory Lakshadweep
India's first grass conservation centre Ran khet, Uttarakhand
India's first aromatic garden Lalkuan, Haldwani Uttarakhand
India's first wildlife DNA laboratory Nagpur, Maharashtra
India's first green industrial city Kandla, Gujarat
Country's first 'Grain ATM' Gurugram, Haryana
India's first chess academy Bhubaneswar, Odisha
first state to adopt ethanol promotion Bihar

policy
World's Largest Flowering Solar Farm Singapore
India's first fully electrified railway zone West Central Railway
India's largest floating solar power plant Telangana
youth to climb Mount Kilimanjaro Virat Chandra
Country's first millet research institute Barmer (Rajasthan)
India's first 'Cryptogamic Garden' - Dehradun Uttarakhand
India's first 'Chinese Museum' Shivaji Nagar Pune
India's first 'Forest Medical Centre' Rani khet Uttarakhand
India's first 'World Skill Centre' Bhuvneshwar Odisha
India's first submerged tunnel Mumbai
first state to present paperless budget Uttar Pradesh
Goa's first rabies free state in India Goa
World's first genetically modified rubber Guwahati, Assam

plant planted
India's first animal ambulance Andhra Pradesh
The world's first unmanned ship to cross Mayflower- 400

the Atlantic Ocean
world's tallest sand castle Denmark
India's First Centralized AC Railway Sir M. Visvesvaraya

Station
World's tallest wind power plant Sinon, The. Korea
India's first amputee clinic Chandigarh
the country that issued ten lakh currency Venezuela
Country's first 'leather park' Kanpur Uttar Pradesh
Launch of 'Boat Library' Kolkata West Bengal
India's first air taxi launched from Chandigarh to Hisar
India's first bird festival 'Tweet' Jammui (Bihar)
India's first indoor ski park Kufri (Himachal Pradesh)
India's first driverless metro starts Delhi
Establishment of first Centre of Excellence Gurugram (Haryana)
in India
Established India's first 'Voter Park' Gurugram (Haryana)
Country's first 'Tire Park' set up in West Bengal
Union Territory declared 100% organic Lakshadweep

area
country's longest suspension bridge Uttarakhand
first 'platypus sanctuary' in the world Australia
India's first 'Moss Garden' nainital Uttarakhand
Statue of Peace unveiled Pali District, Rajasthan
India's first 'Natural Ice Cafe' Leh Ladakh
India's first pollinator park Hardwani uttrakhand
India's first seaplane launched Gujarat
First airport to do e-boarding Hyderabad airport
Country's first multi modal logistics park Jogighopa (Assam)
India's first 'Igloo Cafe' Gulmarg Kashmir
India's first 'Dog Park' Chandigarh
India's first gender park Kozhikode (Kerala)
India's first 'Fire Park' set up Bhubaneswar (Odisha)
Bihar's first 'Glass Breeze' Rajgir
World's first mobile water launched in Visakhapatnam
first 'Eco Breeze' for small animals Uttarakhand
India's first sandalwood museum Mysore (Karnataka)
world's youngest author Abhijeeta Gupta
India's first 'Transgender Community Desk' Telangana
first state to implement e-cabinet system Himachal Pradesh
first city to get ISO certificate Bhubaneswar
First 'Ro-Pax Ferry Service' launched in Gujarat
Youngest Computer Programmer Arham Om Talsania
first state not to implement agriculture law Punjab
MSP for vegetables First state of India to Kerala

decide
first state to include Transgender in Public Assam
Service Commission examinations
India's first pod taxi service launched Noida to Film City
India's first geothermal power project Puga Village (Leh Ladakh)
First in India: Administration & Govt. Service
First President of India Dr Rajendra Prasad

First Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru
First Governor of Bengal Lord Clive
First Vice President of India Dr S Radhakrishnan
First Muslim President of Indian Republic Dr Zakir Hussain

First Governor General of Bengal Warren Hastings
First Governor General of India Lord William Bentic

First Viceroy of India Lord Caning
First President of Indian National Congress WC Banerjee
First Governor General of Independent India C Rajgopalachari
First Indian to pass ICS Surendra Nath Banerjee
First Indian ICS Officer Satyendra Nath Tagore
First Governor General of India after Lord Louis Mountbatten

Independence)
First temporary President of Constituent Dr Sachchida Nand Sinha
Assembly
First Indian lodge to International court of Dr Nagendra Singh
Justice
First speaker of Lok Sabha GV Mavlankar
India's first lok sabha member to win find PV Narsimha Rao

record no. of votes
India's first minister to resign from Union Shyama Prasad Mukherjee
Cabinet
India's first Election commissioner Sukumjar Sen
First Muslim president of Indian National Badruddin Tayab ji

Congress
First Chief Justice of India Justice Hiralal J Kania
First Deputy Prime Minister of India Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel
First Indian Prime Minister to resign from Morarji Desai

office
First Indian Prime Minister to lose an Indira Gandhi
election
First President of India to die in office Dr Zakir Hussain
First Education Minister Abul Kalam Azad
First Home Minister of India Sardar Vallabha Bhai Patel
First Woman Speaker of Lok Sabha Meira Kumar (2009)
First Indian Woman President of INC Sarojini Naidu
India's First Woman President Pratiba Patil
India's First Woman Prime Minister Indira Gandhi
India's First Woman Governor Sarojini Naidu
India's First Woman IPS Officer Kiran Bedi
First Woman Chief Minister of State Sucheta Kripalani
First Woman Union Minister Rajkumari Amrita Kaur
First Woman President of INC Annie Besant
First Woman Judge of Supreme Court Meera Sahib Fatima Bibi
First Indian Woman Ambassador at UN Vijalakshmi Pandit
First in India: Defense
First Commander in Chief of Free India General K M Cariappa

First Chief of Air Staff Sir Thomas Almhirst Ince of der
First Indian Air Marshal Subroto Mukherjee
Chief of Army Staff Gen M Rajendra Singh
First Chief of Naval Staff Vice Admiral R D Katari
First Field Marshal Gen S FJ Manekshaw
First female jawan in the Army Sapper Shanti Tigga

First Atomic Submarine of India INS Chakra
First Indian Submarine INS Kalvari
First Aircraft carrier Indian Warship INS Vikrant
First Indian missile Prithvi
First medium range missile Agni
First Army Institute of Information Hyderabad
technology founded at
First Chief of Defense Staff of India Bipin Rawat
First in India: Science & Technology
First Indian Cosmonaut to go in space Sqn. Ldr. Rakesh Sharma
First Large scale Atomic Reactor of India Apsara

First person to make Printing Press popular James Hicky
in India
India's First Nuclear centre Tarapur
First test tube baby of India Indira (Baby Harsha)
First Indian Pilot JRD Tata (in 1929)
First Indian space Tourist Santosh George
First Indian Woman to climb Mt Everest Bachendri Pal
First Indian Woman Airline Pilot Durga Banerjee

First Indian Woman to go to space Kalpana Chawla
First Indian Woman to climb Mt Everest Santhosh Yadhav
twice
First in India: Cabinet Ministers
First Health Minister of free India Rajkumari Amrit Kaur
First Defense Minister of free India Baldev Singh
First woman Cabinet minister of India Rajkumari Amrit Kaur
First Education minister of free india Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
First Home minister of free indie Sarder Vallabh Bhai Patel
First Finance Minister of free India RK Shanmukhan Chetty
First Law minister of free India B R Ambedkar
First Commerce minister of free India C H Bhabha
First in India:Prestigious Awards
First in India to get Bharat Ratna Dr S. RadhaKrishnan, C Ra CV Raman
First in India to nominate himself for Jawaharlal Nehru
Bharat Ratna Award
First in India to win Stalin award Saifffudin Kichlu
First in India to win Magsaysay award Acharya Vinoba Bhave

First foreigner recipient of Bharat Ratna Khan Abdul Gaffer Khan
First in India to get Jnanpith Award G Shankar Kurup
First in India to get Paramvir Chakra Major Somnath Sharma
First Indian author to get Anderson Award Ruskin Bond
First Recipient of Dadasaheb Phalke Award Devilca Rani in 1969

First and only Indian f to win Nishan e- Morarji Desai in 1990
Pakistan (highest civilian award of
Pakistan)
First Indian Woman to get Nobel Mother Teresa
First Indian Woman to get Bharat Ratna Indira Gandhi
First Indian Woman to get Jnanpith Award Ashapurna Devi
First Woman Musician to get Bharat Ratna MS Subbalakshmi
Noble Awards
First in India (was first Asian also) to get Rabindra Nath Tagore in year 1913 for
Nobel Prize literature
First Indian Scientist to get Noble Prize CV Raman
First scientist of Indian origin to win Noble S. Chandrashekhar

prize in Physics
First Scientist of Indian origin to get Noble Dr Hargovind Khurana
prize in field of Medical Science
First Indian to win Noble Peace Prize Mother Teresa in 1979 (Indian citizen but of
Albanian origin)
First Indian born to win Noble Peace Prize Kailash Satyarthi in 2014
First and only Indian to win Noble in Amartya Sen
Economics
First in India: Movies

First Indian movie Raja Harischandra by Dadasaheb Falke in
1913 (This was silent movie)
First Indian movie with sound Alam Ara by Ardshir Irani in year 1931
First color movie Kisan Kanya by Ardshir Irani in year 1937
India: Oscar Awards

First in India ever to be nominated at Oscars Mehboob Khan for film Mother India in 1958.
First Indian recipient of Awards Bhanu Athaiya (Best Costume design for
Film Gandhi
First Indian to win Oscar for lifetime Satyajit Ray

achievement
First in India to win Oscar for Sound Mixing Resul Pook in 1983) for film Slumdog
Millionaire in year 2009
First in India to win Oscar for i Best I music AR Rahman for Slumdog Millionaire
score
First in India to win Oscar for Best original A R Rahman and Gulzar shared for Slumdog
Song Millionaire
First in India: Beauty Contests

First Mr. Universe of India Manohar Aich in year 1952
First Indian Woman to become Miss World Miss Reita Faria
First Indian Woman to become Miss Susmita Sen
Universe
First in India: Sports
First in India to win individual Olympic K D Jadhav (won bronze medal in 1952 at
medal Helsinki Olympics)
First India athlete (British Origin) to Norman Pritchard (represented India and
participate and win Olympic medal Asia for first time in 1900 Paris Olympics
and won 2 silver medals)
First in India to win medal in shooting at Rajyawardhan Singh Rathod, at 2004 Athens
Olympics Olympic
First in India to win individual Gold medal Abhinav Bindra, in shooting in 2008 Beijing
at Olympics Olympics
First in India to win medal in Tennis at Leander Paes, Bronze in 1996 at Atlanta
Olympics Olympics
First Indian woman to win Olympic medal Karnam Malleswari, Bronze in Weightlifting
in 2000 Sydney Olympic
First Indian to win medal in Boxing Vijender Singh, Bronze in 2008 Beijing
Olympic
First Indian to win medal in wrestling at Sushil Kumar, in 2008 Beijing Olympics
Olympics
India at Cricket
First Captain in Tests K. Nayudu for the 1932 tour of England.
First Batsman to complete 10,000 runs in Sachin Tendulkar (he was the first in the
OD's World to achieve this feat)
First Batsman to complete 10,000 runs in Sunil Gavaskar (he was the first in the World
Tests to achieve this feat)
First batsman to score 50 centuries in Test Sachin Tendulkar First bowlet to take all 10
Cricket wickets in an innings-Anil Kumble (against
Pakistan)
first Cricket Club in India Kolkata (1792) Calcutta cricket club
First Cricket Stadium Eden Gardens in Kolkata

First Cricket tournament The Bombay Triangular (1905-1911) which
later became the Bombay Quadrangular
(1912-1936)
First Cricketer to score 100 centuries in Test Sachin Tendulkar (he was the first in the
and ODIs combined World to achieve this feat)
First Cricketer to score a century in a Test Lala Amarnath, 118 gainst England in
match December 1933 at Bombay Gymkhana
grounds.
First Cricketer to score a double century in a 1 Hyderabad in 1955-56 Umrigar, 223 against
Test match- New Zealand at Scholl
First Cricketer Multan in 2004. score a triple Virender Sehwag, 309 against Pakistan in
century a Test match
First Hat-trick in an ODI Chetan Sharma against New Zealand in 1987
First Indian Captain and the third in history Sourav Ganguly
to have led his team to victory after being
enforced to follow on
First Indian to score a T20 century Suresh Raina vs South Africa.
First Indian to score two ODI double Rohit sharma, 264 against Sri Lanka in 2014.
centuries and the highest individual runs in
ODI
First Nation to win a World Cup Finale on its India (ICC 2011 Cricket World Cup) Final
home ground held at Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai.
First ODI captain Ajit Wadekar
First Six sixes in an Over Yuvraj Singh in a 120 match vs England

First Test match Against England at Lord's, 25 June 1932
First test match played in India India v/s England in Eden
Gardens.(Calcutta) (result draw) (5-8 Jan
1934)
First Test Victory Against England At Madras First Winner of
the first T20 World Cup - India (in 2007)
against Pakistan.
First woman to score a double hundred in Mithali Raj [214* against New Zealand at
Test cricket Wellington, 2004]
First World Cup At the 1983 World Cup when India beat West
Indies in the Finals Under the captaincy of
Kapil Dev
First World Cup Runners up captain Sourav Ganguly (2003)
India at Chess
First Grandmaster of India and also the Vishwanathan Anand

winner of FIDE world Chess championship
Youngest Indian to become Grandmaster Parimarjan Negi
India's first woman to become Grandmaster Koneru Humpy
India's youngest woman to become Koenru Humpy (at age 15 years of Age)
Grandmaster
India at Tennis
Sania Mirza (in Mixed Doubles partnering

First Indian woman to win Grand Slam Mahesh Bhupati) in 2009 Australian Open
First Indian to win Junior Grand Slam Title Ramanathan Krishnan,won Wimbledon in
year 1954
First Indian to win Junior French Open Ramesh Krishnan, won both French and
Wimbledon in 1979
First Indian to win Junior Australian Open Yuki Bhambri in year 2009
First Indian woman to win Junior Grand Sania Mirza (in doubles partnering Alisa
Slam Title Kloubanova in 2003 Wimblade
First Indian to win Palk Strait Ocean Baidyanath Nath
swimming contest
First Indian to swim across English Channel Mihir Sen
First Indian to climb Mount Everest without Sherpa Phu Dorji

oxygen cylinder
First Asian games organised at Delhi (in 1951)
First Indian to reach Antarctica Lt Ram Charan (in 1960)
First man to climb Mount Everest twice Nawang Gombu
First in India to reach North Pole Sq Ldr Sanjay Thapar
First Indian to reach South Pole Col. J K Bajaj
First Indian to win World Billiards Trophy Wilson Jones
First Indian Woman to win WTA Title Sania Mirza

First Indian woman who reached Antarctica Mahel Musa
First Indian Woman to swim across English Arati Saha
Channel
First in India: Visitors & Travelers
First American President to visit India Dwight David Eisenhower

First British Prime Minister to visit India Harold McMillan
First district with 100 % literacy Ernakulam district in Kerala, in 1990
First city with 100 % literacy Kottayam, Kerala in 1989
First district to be Polio free Pathanamthitta, Kerala
First district to become "total electrified" Palakkad, Kerala in 2011.
First in India: Places
First foreign visitor to India Megasthenses (Greek who visited

Chandragupta Maurya Court in 305 BC).
First Chinese pilgrim to visit India Fa-hein in year 399 AD
First Muslim visitor/traveler to India- Al Beruni in year 1000 AD
First European to visit India Morcopolo (Italian) in 1288 AD

First Moroccan to visit India Ibn Batuta in 1333 ADI
First Russian to visit India Afanasy Nikitin in 1469 AD

First Portuguese to visit India Domingo Paes in 1520 AD East British to
visit India William Hawkins in 1609 AD
First British Prise Ministor to visit India Harold McMillan
First in India: Others

First e-business newspaper of India Financial Express
India's first open University Andhra Pradesh Open University
India's first University Nalanda University

First post office in India Kolkata (in 1727)
First central PSU to be privatized Modern Food Industries in year 2000
Books & Authors
1. Fearless governance - Kiran Bedi
2. A Little Book of India Celebrating 75 Years of Independence - Ruskin bond
3. The $ 10 trillion dream - Subhash Garg
4. The Legend of Birsa Munda - Tuhin e Singha and Ankita Verma
5. Bose: The Untold Story of an Inconvenient Nationalist - Chandrachur Ghosh
6. Indomitable : A Working Woman's Notes on Life, Work and Leadership - Arundhati

Bhattacharya
7. Ratan N Tata : The Authorized Biography Dr. Thomas Mathew
8. Gandhi's Assassin: The Making of Nathuram Godse - Dhirendra Jha
9. Mamta : Beyond 2021 - Jayant Ghoshal
10. Indian Innings: The Journey of Indian Cricket from 1947 - Ayaz Menon
11. The Midway Battle: Modi's Roller Coaster Second Term –
Gautam Chintamani
12. The Ambuja Story - Narottam Sekhsaria
13. Bachelor dad - Tusshar Kapoor
14. Democracy, Politics and Governance - Dr. A. suryaprakash
15. Pride, Prejudice and Punditry -

Dr. Shashi Tharoor
16. The Modi Gambit: Decoding Modi 2.0 - Sanju Verma
17. The Monk Who Transformed Uttar Pradesh –

Shantanu Gupta
18. Raj Kapoor The Master At Work - Rahul Rawail
19. Kashmir The Quest for Peace in a Troubledland –

Nirmal Chander Bij
20. public service ethics- Prabhat Kumar
21. Resolved: Uniting Nations in a Divided World - Ban Ki - moon
22. Cooking to Save Your Life - Abhijit Banerjee
23. India vs UK - Syed Akbaruddin
24. Lal Salaam: A Novel - Smriti Irani
25. A Disruptor: How Vishwanath Pratap Singh Shuk India - Debashish Mukherjee
26. Unshaking India - Ajay Chhibber and Salman Anees Soz
27. Nehru: The Debates That Defined India –

Tripuradaman Singh, Adil Hussain
28. Sunrise Over Ayodhya : Nationhood in Our Times - Salman Khurshid:
29. Finding a Straight Line Between Twists and Turns - Asim Chawla
30. The Cinema of Satyajit Ray –

Bhaskar Chattopadhyay
31. The Sage with to Horns - Sudha Murthy
32. Kamala Harris: Phenomenal Woman –
Chidananda Rajghatta
33. The Origin Story of India's States - VS Srinivasan
34. Hitler and India - Vaibhav Purandare
35. Veer Savarkar The Man Who Could Have Prevented Partition –
Uday Mahurkar and Chirayu Pandit
36. stars in my sky - Divya Dutta
37. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan : Region, Religion and Nation - Shafey Kidwai
38. samvidhan sanskriti aur rashtra - Kalraj Mishra
39. Actually .... I met them a memoir - Gul raj
40. Economist Gandhi - Jayatirtha Rao
41. The Custodian of Trust : A Banker's Memoir - Rajnish Kumar
42. The Battle of Rezang La –
Kulpreet Yadav
43. The Fractured Himalaya - Nirupama Rao
44. My Life in Full: Work Family and Our Future - Indira Nooyi
45. 400 days - Chetan Bhagat
46. Piranesi -Suzanne Clark
47. Back to the Roots - Tamannaah Bhatia and Luke Coutinho
48. Translating Myself and Others - Jhumpa Lahiri
49. Human Rights and Terrorism in India –

Subramaniam Swamy
50. Bullets Over Bombay: Satya and the Hindi film gangster -Uday Bhatia
51. The blind matriarch - Namita Gokhale
52. A Rude Life the Memoir - Veer Sanghvi
53. Know your rights and claim them - Angelina Jolie
54. The Murderer, The Monarch and the Fakir - Esthos Suresh
and Priyanka Kotmaraju
55. lady doctors - Kavita Rao
56. Battle field - Vishram Bedekar
57. NEHRU, TIBET AND CHINA - Avtar Singh Bhasin
58. The great big lion - Chryseis Knight
59. Accelerating India: 7 Years of Modi Govt. - K J. alphonse
60. The earth spinner - Anuradha Roy
61. Balakot Air Strike: How India Avenged Pulwama –

Manan Bhatt
62. The Leopard Diaries: The Rosette in India –

Sanjay Gubbi
63. The Year That Was Not: The Diary of a 14-Year Old – Brisha Jain
64. An Ordinary Life: Portrait of an Indian Generation - Ashok Lavasa
65. watershed - Mridula Ramesh
66. Dancing with dreams – Adityanath
67. India's Ancient Legacy of Wellness- Dr. Rekha Choudhary

68. Delhi : A Soliloquy - M Mukundan
69. Force in state craft - Ajay Mathur
70. The Dream of Revolution - Prof. Vimal Prasad and Sujata Prasad
71. Geeta Govinda : Jaydev Divine Odyssey - Dr. Utpal K. Banerjee
72. Olympic Saga: From Divine Myth to Human Myth - Sunny Kumar Gond
73. Kalraj Mishra: I am just a cause - Dr. D.K. teaknet
74. my own mazgaon - Captain Ramesh Babu
75. Shining Sikh Youth of India - Dr. Prabhleen Singh
International Boundaries
Boundary Countries
Red Cliff India – Pakistan
McMohan India – China
Maginot Germany – France
Blue Line Lebanon – Israel
Green Line / Cyprus – Turkey

Attila line
Mannehirem Russia – Finland
Durand Pakistan – Afghanistan
Hindenburg Poland – Germany
17 th Parallel N. Vietnam – S. Vietnam
20th Parallel Sudan – Libya
22nd Parallel Sudan - Egypt
25th Parallel Mauritania - Mali
31st Parallel Iran - Iraq
38th Parallel S. Korea – N. Korea
49th Parallel U.S. - Canada
24th Parallel India – Pakistan (Gujarat)
Seizefired Line France - Germany
State/ UT Animal
Andhra Pradesh Blackbuck
Arunachal Pradesh Mithun
Assam One-horned Rhinoceros
Bihar Ox
Chhattisgarh Wild Buffalo
Goa Gaur
Gujarat Asiatic Lion
Haryana Black Buck Antelop
Himachal Pradesh Snow Leopard
Jammu & Kashmir Hangul
Jharkhand Elephant
Karnataka Indian Elephant
Kerala Elephant
Madhya Pradesh Swamp Deer
Maharashtra Indian Giant Squirrel
Manipur Sangai
Meghalaya Clouded Leopard
Mizoram Serow
Nagaland Mithun
Odisha Sambar
Punjab Black Buck
Rajasthan Camel
Sikkim Red Panda
Tamil Nadu Nigiri Tahr
Telangana Deer
Tripura Phayre’s Langur
Uttarakhand Musk Deer
Uttar Pradesh Swamp Deer
West Bengal Fishing Cat
Festival Conference Meeting 2020-21
The Seminar venue
Losar Mahotsav 2022 /Spituk Gaster Ladakh

Festival 2022
Khelo India Zaskar Winter Sports Zanskar (Kargil)

Festival 202
Orange / Cherry Blossom Festival / Manipur
Sangai / Yosang Festival
National Tribal Dance Festival Raipur (Chhattisgarh)
Hornbill Festival Nagaland (2019 )

Tripura (2020 )
International Children's Film Festival Kolkata

2020 / Kobita Utsav
Chapchar Kut Festival 2020 Mizoram
Bali Yatra / Nuakhai / Raja / Boita Odisha

Bandana Festival
Aharbal / Kheer Bhavani / Herath / Jammu and Kashmir

Kanchoth Festival
5th International Ramayana Festival New Delhi
/ Sopan Festival
Aadi Mahotsav Madhya Pradesh (2020) / New Delhi

(2021)
Kala Ghoda Festival / Gudi Padwa Mumbai (Maharashtra)
Flamingo/Tungabhadra Pushkaram Andhra Pradesh

/ Bunni/Kanuma Festival
Poetry Festival 'Kavitavij' / Dragonfly Kerala
Festival.
Ambubachi Mela / Tea Festival 2021 Assam

7 Magh Bihu Festival
Karavali Festival / Kambala Festival Karnataka
Thumbi Festival / Makaravilakku Kerala

Festival / Attukal Pongal
International Yoga Festival 2021 Rishikesh (Uttarakhand)
Dev Surya Mahotsav 2020 Aurangabad (Bihar)
Bathukamma Utsav / Bonalu Utsav / Telangana

Nagoba Jatara Utsav
Nirmal Jal Mahotsav / Poush Parban Tripura
Mela / Lai Haraoba
15th Toshali National Crafts Fair 2021 Bhubaneswar (Odisha)
4th Global Ayurveda Festival 2020 Kochi, Kerala
Strawberry Festival 2021 Jhansi (Uttar Pradesh)
Behidinkhalam Festival / Meghalaya

Nongkarem Dance / Wangala
Festival
First Global Cinema Festival 2020 Sikkim
Owl Festival Pune
International Saraswati Festival 2020 Adi Badri (Haryana)
Kalanamak Rice Festival 2021 Siddharth Nagar (Uttar Pradesh)
Gud Festival 2021 Lucknow, (Uttar Pradesh)
'Kalrav' Bird Festival 2021 Bihar Jamui
Vanchuwa Festival 2021, Assam

Shilpagram Festival 2021
Shigmo Festival 2021 Goa
Banana Festival 2021 Kushinagar (Uttar Pradesh)
Phool Dei festival Uttarakhand
Pushkar Fair / Elephant Festival Rajasthan
Losang festival 2022 / Saga Dawa Sikkim

festival
34th Surajkund International Crafts Faridabad (Haryana)
Fair 2020
Pongal / Jallikattu / Adi Perak / Tamil Nadu
Thaipusam festival
Rann Utsav / Ugadi Festival Gujarat
Solang festival 2021, Parashuram Arunachal Pradesh
Kund Mela (2020)
Corn / Mirch / Namaste Orchha / Madhya Pradesh
Mandu Festival
8th North East Festival 2020 Guwahati (Assam)
Military Exercises
Exercise Countries Venue Soldiers
XPL-2022 - Arabian Sea Indian Navy
CHIRU-2022 Russia-China-Iran Gulf of Oman Indian Navy
PASSEX-2022 India-Russia Cochin Shipyard in Indian Navy

Arabian Sea
Sea Dragon-2022 India-Canada- Korea Indian Navy
S. Korea
CARAT-2021 U.S.- Bangladesh Bay of Bengal Navy
CORPAT -37th India-Indonesia Indian Ocean Indian Navy
DOSTI-15th India-Maldives-Sri Maldives Indian Navy

Lanka
SITMEX-2021 India-Singapore- Andaman Sea Indian Navy
Thailand
KONKAN SHAKTI- India-U.K. Arabian Sea Indian Navy
2021
MALABAR-2021 India-U.S.-Japan- Bay of Bengal/ Philippine Indian Navy
Australia Sea
JIMEX-5TH 2021 India-Japan Arabian Sea Indian Navy
SAMDURA SHAKTI- India-Indonesia Sunda Strait Indian Navy

8TH 2021
AUSINDEX-4TH 2021 India-Australia Australia Indian Navy
SIMBEX-28TH 2021 India-Singapore South China Sea Indian Navy
JAYAR-AL-BAHAR II India-Qatar Bay of Fares Indian Navy

,2021
AL-MOHED AL- India-Saudi Arab Saudi Arab Indian Navy
HINDI 2021
SEACAT 2021 India-U.S. Singapore Indian Navy
JAYAD TALWAR India-UAE Abu Dhabi Indian Navy

2021
KONKAN -2021 India-U.K. England’s Portsmouth Indian Navy
CUTLESS EXPRESS 12 East African INS-Talwar took Part Indian Navy

2021 Countries
SEA BREAZE 2021 NATO Members Black Sea Navy
IN-EUNAVFOR India-Europe Gulf of Aden Indian Navy
VARUN-2021 India-France Arabian Sea Indian Navy
LA PIRANJ 2021 QUAD-France Bay of Bengal Navy
EKUVERIN-11TH 2021 India-Maldives Maldives Army
SHAKTI-6TH 2021 India-France Freezes, France Army
YUDH 2021 India-U.S. Alaska Army
AJAY WARRIOR India-U.K. Chobhatiya Army

2021 (Uttarakhand)
MITRA SHAKTI-8TH India-Sri Lanka Ampara(Sri Lanka) Army
2021
SURYA KIRN-15TH India-Nepal Pithoragarh(Uttarakhand) Army
2021
SAJA-BAGYA 2021 Pakistan-China- China Army
Thailand-Mongolia
KAJIND-5TH 2021 India-Kazakhstan Kazakhstan Army
INDRA-12TH 2021 India-Russia S. Russia Army
VAZAR PARHAR India-U.S. Bakloh (H.P.) Army

2021
SHANTIR India-Bhutan-Sri Bangladesh Army
ORGOSENA 2021 Lanka-Bangladesh
KHANJAR 2021 India-Kirgizstan Bishkek (Kirgizstan) Army
ZAPAD 2021 Nizni (Russia) Airforce
DESSERT FLAG-6TH Al-Defra Airbase(UAE) Airforce
SEA VIGIL-2021 Indian, Coastguard - -

& Sea Agencies
TTX-2021 India-Maldives-Sri Virtual -
Lanka
Vitamin Information
Vitamin Vitamin Year of Food Source Solubility Deficient Overdose
Chemical Name Discovery Disease Disease
Vitamin A Retinol, Retinal & Cod Liver Oil Fat Night Blindness, Hypervitami--
Four Carotenoids 1913 Hyperkeratosis, nosis A
including Beta keratomalacia
Carotene.
Vitamin B1 Thiamine 1910 Rice Bran Water Beriberi, Wernic- Drowsiness
Kekorsakoff
Syndrome
Vitamin B2 Riboflavin 1920 Meat, Eggs Water Ariboflavinosis
Vitamin B3 Niacin, 1936 Meat, Eggs & Water Pellagra Liver Damage
Niacinamide Grains
Vitamin B5 Pantothenic 1931 Meat, Grains, Water Paraesthesia Diarrhoea,

Acid In many Nausea &
foods heartburn
Vitamin B6 Pyridoxine, 1934 Meat, Dairy Water Anemia Nerve
Pyridoxamine, products peripheral damage
Pyridoxal Neuropathy
Vitamin B7 Biotin 1931 Meat, Eggs, Water Dermatitis,
Dairy Enteritis
products
Vitamin B9 Folic Acid, Folinic 1941 Leafy Green Water Megaloblast & May mask
Acid Vegetables Deficiency Symptoms of
during B12
pregnancy Deficiency
Vitamin Cyanocobalamin 1926 Eggs, Animal Water Megaloblastic Acme- like
B12 & Products anemia Rash
Methylcobalamin
Vitamin C Ascorbic Acid 1920 Citrus, Fresh Water Scurvy Vitamin C
Foods Megadosage
Vitamin D Cholecalciferol 1920 Cod Liver oil Fat Rickets & Hyper-
Osteomalacia vitaminosis D
Vitamin E Tocopherols, 1922 Wheat Germ Fat Mild Hemolytic Increased the
Tocotrienols oil, Unrefined Anemia in chances of
Vegetable oil infants Heart Failure
Vitamin K Phylloquinone, 1931 Leafy Green Fat Bleeding Increases
Manaquinones Vegetables diathesis coagulation
in Patients
Important Hills in India
Hills State
Baba Budan Hills Karnataka
Nilgiri Hills Tamil Nadu
Anamalai Hills Tamil Nadu
Anaimudi Hills Kerala

Agastyamalai Hills Tamil Nadu
Cardamom Hills Kerala
Varushnad Hills Tamil Nadu
Nagari Hills Andhra Pradesh
Nallamala Hills Andhra Pradesh
Mahendra Giri Hills Odisha

Palni Hills Tamil Nadu
Famous Sports Personalities in India
Name of the Cricketer Famous For / Known as

Sachin Tendulkar Holds most of the batting records
Sunil Gavaskar The little master
Rahul Dravid The Wall
Sourav Ganguly The best Indian captain
Virender Sehwag India’s finest opener
Anil Kumble India’s highest wicket-taker
Kapil Dev India’s best all-rounder
Javagal Srinath India’s leading pacer for a long time
Harbhajan Singh Best Indian off-spinner
Zaheer Khan India’s best left-handed fast bowler
Aggressive captain and an equally good
Mohammad Azharuddin
player
VVS Laxman One of the most elegant batsman
MS Dhoni The best finisher
Mohinder Amarnath Scored first test century for India
Bishan Singh Bedi An effective spinner of his era
Navjot Singh Siddhu An explosive batsman of his era
Virat Kohli Next legend in making
Vinod Kambli Short but marvellous career
Ajay Jadeja A fine middle-order batsman
• The first player to take a 5-wicket
haul and score a 50 in the World Cup
matches.
Yuvraj
• The first player to hit 6 sixes in a T20
World Cup
Known for his slower deliveries and was one

Venkatesh Prasad
of its first proponents in world cricket
The fastest Indian bowler to the milestone
Ashwin of 100 wickets in 18 test match and the
fastest in the world in over 80 years
Only Indian batsman to have scored more
Gambhir
than 300 runs in four consecutive Test series
He has a record of the fastest 100 wickets in
Erapalli Prasanna Tests by an Indian Bowler (in 20 Tests) at
this time.
Srinivas Venkataraghva longest test career for any Indian player
known to take risks even in the early part of
Krishnamachari Srikkanth
the innings
India’s very own babysitter and the future
Rishabh Pant
of cricket in the country
He bats right-handed and bowls right-arm
Hardik Pandya
fast-medium
He is the best batsman who hits century in
Rohit Sharma
short-time
Tennis Players
Sania Mirza Leander Paes

Mahesh Bhupathi Vijay Amritraj
Somdev Devvarman Ramanathan Krishnan
Yuki Bhambri Rohan Bopanna
Ramesh Krishnan Anand Amritraj
Akhtar Ali Cotah Ramaswami
Ashok Amritraj Zeeshan Ali
Stephen Amritraj Prakash Amritraj
Asif Ismail Ramkumar Ramanathan
Tara Iyer Isha Lakhani
Naresh Kumar Jeevan Nedunchezhiya
Poojashree Venkatesha Vishu Vardhan
Rushmi Chakravarthi Premjit Lall
Martina Hingis Andre Agassi
Billie Jean King Pete Sampras
Martina Navratilova Novak Djokovic
Venus Williams Rafael Nadal
Roger Federer Serena Williams
Hockey Players of India
Dhyan Chand Dhanraj Pillay Yuvraj Walmiki

Sardara Singh Ajit Pal Singh Viren Rasquinha
Mohammed Shahid Gagan Ajit Singh Gurbaj Singh
Chinglensana Singh
P. R. Sreejesh Raghunath Vokkaliga
Kangujam
Sandeep Singh Zafar Iqbal Shankar Lakshman
Dilip Tirkey Akashdeep Singh Deepika Thakur
Sunil Sowmarpet
Arjun Halappa Ritu Rani
Vitalacharya
Birendra Lakra Rani Rampal Gurmail Singh
Ignace Tirkey Kothajit Singh S.K. Uthappa
Shivendra Singh Bharat Chhetri Maharaj Krishan Kaushik
Danish Mujtaba Rajpal Singh Mandeep Singh
Dharamvir Singh Pargat Singh Deepak Thakur
Roop Singh Balbir Singh Udham Singh
Leslie Claudius K D Singh Babu Dhanraj Pillay
Mohammed Shahid
Badminton Players of India
P. V. Sindhu Prakash Padukone

Dipankar Bhattacharya Pullela Gopichand
Parupalli Kashyap Saina Nehwal
Chetan Anand Chetan Anand
Anup Sridhar Aparna Popat
Jwala Gutta Nandu M. Natekar
Ashwini Ponnappa Syed Modi
Kidambi Srikanth
Football Players in India
Sunil Chhetri Bhaichung Bhutia Gurpreet Singh Sandhu
I.M. Vijayan Sailen Manna Romeo Fernandes
Pradip Kumar Banerjee Chuni Goswami Carlton Chapman
Subrata Pal Peter Thangaraj C.K. Vineeth
Jeje Lalpekhlua Climax Lawrence Sandesh Jhingan
Mohammed Salim Costa Pal Narayan Das
Neville D’Souza Anwar Ali Arnab Mondal
Eugeneson Lyngdoh Robin Singh Krishanu Dey
Gouramangi Singh Subhasish Roy Chowdhary Shanmugam Venkatesh
Balwant Singh Cavin Lobo Mahesh Gawli
Dhanpal Ganesh Rowllin Borges Steven Dias
Udanta Singh Debjit Majumder Gurpreet Singh Sandhu
Jackichand Singh Dheeraj Singh Pronay Halder
Udanta Singh Ashique Kuruniyan
Boxing Players in India
Vijendra Singh Mary Kom

Vikas Krishan Yadav Mohammed Ali Qamar
Akhil Kumar Hawa Singh
Jitender Kumar Pinki Rani
Satish Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Zoramthanga Devendro Singh
Shiva Thapa Pradip Singh Sihag
Athletics Player of India
Name Sport Name

P.T. Usha Sprint
Deepika Kumari Archery
Milkha Singh Sprint
Anju Bobby George Long Jump
Tintu Luka Sports of Athletics
Dutee Chand Sprint
Lalita Babar Track and Field Athletics
O.P. Jaisha Track and Field Athletics
K.M. Beenamol Hurdles
Khushbir Kaur Racewalker
Sudha Singh Steeplechase
Shiny Abraham Sprint
Inderjeet Singh Shot Put
Ankit Sharma Long Jump
Muhammed Anas Yahiya Running
Arokia Raji Track and Field Athletics
Dharambir Singh Sprint
Manish Singh Racewalker
M.D. Valsamma Sprint
Ashwini Nachappa Sprint
Ayyasamy Dharun Hurdles
Manjeet Kaur Sprint
Norman Pritchard Sprint
Jinson Johnson Sprint
M.R. Poovamma Sprint
Sapana Sapana Track and Field Athletics
Kamaljeet Sandhu Sprint
Pinki Pramanik Sprint
Ajmer Singh Sprint
Wrestling Players in India
Sushil Kumar Yogeshwar Dutt Maruti Mane

Sakshi Malik Geeta Phogat Rajiv Tomer
Khashaba Dadasaheb Udey Chand Harishchand Birajdar
Vinesh Phogat Narsingh Pancham Yadav Satpal Singh
Sandeep Tomar Babita Kumari Lila Ram
The Great Khali Chandgi Ram Subhash Verma
Satya Wart Kadian Rajkumar Baila Palwinder Singh Cheema
Hardeep Singh Anuj Kumar Bajrang Punia
Kabbadi Players in India
Anup Kumar Manjeet Chillar

Rahul Chaudhari Ajay Thakur
Pradeep Narwal Rakesh Kumar
Surender Nada Dharamraj Charlatan
Deepak Nivas Hudda Shabeer Bapu Sharfudheen
Balwinder Singh Nitin Ghule
Pardeep Narwal Fazel Atrachali
Sandeep Narwal Meraj Sheykh
Nitin Tomar Rohit Kumar
Jang Kun Lee
Gymnastics Players in India
Dipa Karmakar Ashish Kumar

Darshan Mondal Vithal Karande
Ashish Kumar Jagmal More
Rakesh Kumar Patra Anant Ram
Bandu Bhosle
Weight Lifting Players in India
Yumnam Chanu Sudhir Kumar Chitradurga

Pratima Kumari Kunjarani Devi
Karnam Malleshwari Mohammed Asadullah
Geeta Rani Monika Devi
Sathish Sivalingam Vikas Thakur
Gurdeep Singh Pardeep Singh
Katulu Ravi Kumar Ragala Venkat Rahul
Shooting Players of India
Abhinav Bindra Gagan Narang
Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore Jitu Rai
Vijay Kumar Anjali Bhagwat
Heena Sindhu Manavjit Singh Sandhu
Sanjeev Rajput Apurvi Chandela
Samaresh Jung Ayonika Paul
Jaspal Rana Prakash Nanjappa
Randhir Singh Chain Singh
Ronjan Sodhi Joydeep Karmakar
Rahi Sarnobat Avneet Sindhu
Omkar Singh Tejaswini Sawant
Golf Players in India
Jeev Milkha Singh Jyothi Randhawa

Anirban Lahiri Arjun Atwal
Shiv Kapur Gaurav Ghei
Shiv Chawrasia Gaganjeet Bhullar
Rashid Khan Himmat Rai
Sharmila Nicollet Sujjan Singh
Chess Players in India
Viswanathan Anand Humpy Koneru

Pentala Harikrishna Parimarjan Negi
Krishnan Sasikiran Surya Shekh Ganguly
Abhijeet Gupta Harika Dronavalli
Tania Sachdev Dibyendu Barua
Geetha Narayan Gopal Magesh Chandran Panchanathan
Manuel Aaron Praveen Thipsay
Abhijit Kunte Subbaraman Vijayalakshmi
Ramachandra Ramesh Darpan Inani
Hetal Shah Rucha Pujari
Prathamesh Mokal Rohini Khadilkar
Baskarn Adhiban Chithambar Aravind
Mr Lalith Babu J Deepan Chakaravarthi
Santosh Gujrathi Vidit Surya Shekhar Ganguly
Parimarjan Negi Adhiban
Chithambaram VR S.P. Sethuraman
Abhijeet Gupta Gopal G.N.
Karthikeyan Abhimanyu
Chopra Himanshu, Sharma
Archery Players in India
Deepika Kumari Jayanta Talukdar Tarundeep Rai

Bombayla Devi Laishram Dola Banerjee Atanu Das
Limba Ram Laxmirani Majhi Chekrovolu Swuro
Mangal Singh Champia Jyothi Surekha Vennam Purnima Mahato
Shyam Lal Meena Pranitha Vardhineni Abhishek Verma
Rajat Chauhan Rahul Banerjee Sanjeeva Kumar Singh
Squash Players in India
Cyrus Poncha Ritwik Bhattacharya Saurav Ghosal

Joshna Chinappa Janet Vidhi Siddharth Suchde
Dipika Pallikal Karthik Mahesh Mangaonkar Utkarsh Baheti
Table Tennis Players in India
Sharath Kamal Soumyajit Ghosh Manika Batra

Anthony Amalraj Kamlesh Mehta Mouma Das
Chetan Barbour Subhajit Saha Poulomi Ghatak
Indu Puri Mamta Prabhu Ankita Das
Venugopal Chandrasekhar Neha Aggarwal Monalisa Baruah Mehta
Soumyajit Ghosh Sathiyan Gnanasekaran
Swimming Players in India
Virdhawal Khade Sajan Prakash Sandeep Sejwal.
Shikha Tandon Rehan Poncha Bhakti Sharma
Sachin Nag Bula Choudhury Mihir Sen
Khajan Singh Deepa Malik Dolly Nazir
Billiards and Snooker Players in India
Pankaj Advani Geet Sethi Ashok Sandilya

Michael Ferreira Wilson Jones Aditya Mehta
Lucky Vatnani
Judo Players in India
Garima Chaudhary Khumujam Tombi Devi Navjot Chana

Avtar Singh Akram Shah Sushila Likmabam
Foreign Travelers
Foreign Travelers Period of Stay Description
Abdur Razzak 1443A.D.-1444 A.D. Persian Scholar.

Visited during Deva Raya II of
Vijayanagar.
Alberuni 1024 A.D.-1030 A.D. Persian Scholar.
Accompanied by Md.
Ghazni.
Al-Masudi 957 A.D. Arab Traveler.
Captain William Hawkins 1608 A.D.-1611 A.D. Visited during reign of

Jahangir.
Fa-Hien 405 A.D.-411 A.D. Chinese Buddhist monk.

Visited during reign of
Vikramadiya(chandraguptaII)
Francois Bernier 1656 A.D.-1668 A.D. French Traveler.
Visited during reign of Shah
Jahan.
Huien Tsang 630 A.D.-645 A.D. Chinese Traveler
Visited during reign of Harsha
Vardhana.
Ibn Battuta 1333 A.D.-1347 A.D. Moroccan Traveler
Visited during reign of Md. Bin
Tughlaq.
Marco Polo 1292 A.D.-1294 A.D. Visited during reign of
Rudramma Devi of Kakatiyas.
Megasthenes 302B.C.-298B.C/ Ambassador of Seleucus.
Nicolo Conti 1420 A.D.-1421 A.D. Visited during reign of Deva

raya I of Vijayanagar.
Thomas Roe 1615 A.D.-1619 A.D. Visited during reign of

Jahangir
Noble Prize Winners-2021
Field Winners
Chemistry 1. Benjamin List

2. David W.C. Macmilan
Literature Abdulrazak Gurnah (Tanzania)
Economics 1. David Card (Labour Economics)

2. Joshua D. Angrist (Casual
Relationship)
3. Guido W. Imbens
Peace 1. Dmitry Muratov
2. Maria Ressa
Medicine 1. David Julius (American)

2. Ardem Patapoutian (American-
Lebanon)
Physics 1. Klaus Hasselmann (German)

2. Syukuro Manabe (American)
3. Giorgio Parisi (Italian)
Noble Prize Winners-2020
Field Winners
Chemistry 1. Emmanuelle Charpentier(France)

2. Jennifer A Doudna (U.S.)
Literature Louise Gluck (U.S.)
Economics 1. Paul Milgrom (U.S.)

2. Rober Wilson (U.S.)
Peace World Food Programme
Medicine 1. Harvey J. Alter (U.S.)

2. Charles M. Rice (U.S.)
3. Michael Houghton (U.K.)
Physics 1. Roger Penrose (U.K.)

2. Reinhard Genzel (Germany)
3. Andrea Ghej (U.S.)
Scientific Names of Fruits
Fruit Scientific Name
Mango Mangifera India
Orange Citrus Orantium
Apple Pyrus Malus
Banana Musa Paradicium
Guava Psidium Guava
Water Melon Citrillus velguris
Sweet Potato Ipo moea Batato
Scientific Names of Plants
Plants Scientific Names
Tulsi Ocimum Santurum
Neem Azadhirta Indica
Rose Rosa
Tea Camellia Senancis
Tobacco Nicotina Tobaccum
Cotton Gossypium Herbeceum
Peepal Ficus Religiosa Linn
Bamboo Bamboosa Ardinarifolia
Saffron Crocus sativus
Sugar Cane Saccharum
Maize Zea Mays
Scientific Names of Vegetables
Vegetables Scientific Names
Potato Solanun Tubersum
Tomato Lycopersican Esculentum
Ginger Zingibar Officinale
Onion Allium Cepa
Turmeric Cercuma Longa
Capsicum Capsicum Fruit seence
Lemon Citrus Lemonium
Black pepper Pepper Nigrum
Carrot Daucas Carrota
Coriander Coriadrum Sativam
Scientific Names of Animals
Animal Scientific Names
Frog Rana Hexadaetyla
Dog Canis Famileries
Cobra Naja Naja
Cat Fellis Domestica
Camel Camelus Dromaderius
Bird Aves
Cockroach Blatodea
King Cobra Ophiophegus Hannah
Mosquito Culie Cudie
Fox Vulpes Vulpes
Python Python Molurus
Cow Bos Tourus
Nilgai Boselephus Tergocamalus
Lion Panthera Leo
Pig Sus
Sparrow Passer Domesticus
Honey Bee Apis
Tiger Panthera Tiger
Sheep Ovis Aries
Peacock Pavo Critatus
Animal Scientific Names
House Fly Musca Domestica
Zebra Equus Quaga
Monkey Circeo Phidieade
Rat Rattus Rattus
Lizard Squamata
Butterfly RupaloCera
Horse Equus Caballus
Cheetah Asinonyx Jabatus
Sea Snake Hydro Phinne
Snake Surpentes
Giraffe Giraffa Cameloparadalis
Rabbit Oryctolagus Cuniculus
Elephant Elephantidie
Fish Vertebreta
Eagle Accipitridae
Projects of India
S. Name of the Project Location State Purpose

No.
1. Omkareshwar Narmada River M.P Hydropower &
Irrigation
2. Tapovan-Vishnugarh Alaknanda River U.P Hydroelectricity
3. Pamba Project Pamba River Kerala River

Conservation &
Irrigation
4. Gima Project Gima River Maharahtra Irrigation & River
Link
5. Daman Project River Daman Ganga Gujarat Irrigation & River
Link
6. Farakka Project Ganga West Bengal Irrigation
7. Tehri Project Bhagirathi River Uttarakhand Hydroelectricity
8. Loktak Project Loktak Lake Manipur Hydroelectricity
9. Papanasam Project Thamirabarani River Tamil Nadu Hydroelectricity
10. Rana Pratap Sagar Chambal River Rajasthan Hydroelectricity

Project
11. Pallivasal Project Munnar Abuja River Kerala Hydroelectricity
12. Mettur Project Kaveri River Tamil Nadu Hydroelectricity
13. Mayurakshi Project Mayurakshi River West Bengal Irrigation,

Hydroelectricity
14. Sharda Sahayak Beas River Punjab & Hydroelectricity
Harayana
15. Sardar Sarovar Project Narmada River Gujarat & M.P Irrigation,
Hydroelectricity
16. Bansagar Project Son River M.P & Irrigation
Chhattisgarh
17. Dul Hasti Project Chenab River J&K Hydroelectricity
18. Salal Project Chenab River J&K Hydroelectricity
19. Theri Dam Ravi River Punjab Irrigation,

Hydroelectricity
20. MalaPrabha Project MalaPrabha River Karanataka Irrigation
No.
21. Jayakwadi Project Godavari River Maharashtra Irrigation
22. Beas Project Beas River Punjab & Hydroelectricity

Harayana
23. Nagarjun Project Krishna River Andhra Pradesh Irrigation
24. Pochampad Project River Godavari Andhra Pradesh Irrigation
25. Lower Sileru Project Sileru River Andhra Pradesh Hydroelectricity
26. Kakrapur Project Tapi River Gujarat Irrigation
27. Kothagudem Project Singreni Coal Fields Andhra Pradesh Thermal Power
28. Kosi Project Kosi River Bihar Flood Control,

Irrigation,
Hydroelectricity
29. Gandak Project Gandak River U.P & Bihar Irrigation,
Hydroelectricity
30. Dhuvaran Power Kheda District Gujarat Thermal Power
Station
31. Sabarigiri Project Pamba-kakki River Kerala Hydroelectricity
32. Idukki Project Periyar, Cheruthoni, Kerala Hydroelectricity

Idukki River
33. Chambal Project Chambal River Rajasthan, M.P Irrigation
34. Tawa Project Narmada(Tawa) M.P Irrigation

River
35. Korba Project Near Korba Chhattisgarh Thermal Power
Coalfields
36. Satpura Power Station Patharkada M.P Thermal Power
Coalfields
37. Koyna Project Koyna River Maharashtra Hydroelectricity
38. Nagpur Power Station Koradi, Near Nagpur Maharashtra Thermal Power
39. TungaBhadra Project TungaBhadra River Karanataka, Irrigation,

Andhra Pradesh Hydroelectricity
40. Upper Krishna Project Krishna River Karnataka Irrigation
No.
41. Sharavathi Project Sharavathi River Karnataka Hydroelectricity
42. Hirakund Project Mahanadi River Odisha Irrigation
43. Bhakra Nangal Project Sutlez River H.P , Punjab & Irrigation,
Harayana Hydroelectricity
44. Rajasthan Canal River Sutlez Rajasthan Irrigation
Project
45. Kundah Project Kundah River Tamil Nadu Hydroelectricity
46. Ramganga Project Chuisot Stream near Uttarakhand Irrigation,

Kalagarh Hydroelectricity
47. Matatila Project Betwa River U.P, M.P Irrigation,
Hydroelectricity
48. Rihand Project Rihand River U.P Irrigation,
Hydroelectricity
49. Damodar Project Damodar River Jharkhand Irrigation,
Hydroelectricity
50. Ukai Project Tapi River Gujarat Irrigation
51. Mahi Project Mahi River Gujarat Irrigation
52. GhataPrabha Project GhataPrabha River Andhra Pradesh, Irrigation

Karnataka
53. Bhima Project Bhima River Maharashtra Irrigation
Hirakud Dam is built across the Mahanadi River, about 15 kilometres from Sambalpur in
the state of Odisha in India. It is the longest earthen dam in the world. Behind the dam
extends a lake, Hirakud Reservoir, 55 km long.
State/ UT Bird
Andhra Pradesh Indian Roller
Arunachal Pradesh Great Hornbill
Assam White-winged Wood Duck
Bihar House Sparrow
Chhattisgarh Hill Myna
Goa Ruby Throated Yellow Bulbul
Gujarat Greater Flamingo
Haryana Black Francolin
Himachal Pradesh Western Tragopan
Jammu & Kashmir Black Necked Crane
Jharkhand Koel
Karnataka Indian Roller
Kerala Great Hornbill
Madhya Pradesh Asian Paradise Flycatcher
Maharashtra Green Pigeon
Manipur Nongyeen
Meghalaya Hill Myna
Mizoram Hume’s Bartailed Pheasant
Nagaland Tragopan Blythii
Odisha Indian Roller
Punjab Baj/ Northern Goshawk
Rajasthan Great Indian Bustard
Sikkim Blood Pheasant
Tamil Nadu Emerald Dove
Telangana Indian Roller
Tripura Green Imperial Pigeon
Uttarakhand Himalayan Monal
Uttar Pradesh Saras Crane
West Bengal White Throated Kingfisher
Neighbouring countries of India
BANGLADESH
 Capital : Dhaka
 Currency : Taka
 Prime Minister :Sheikh Hasina
 President: Abdul Hamid
 National anthem : "Amar Sonar Bangla, Ami Tomay Bhalobashi" written and
composed by
Rabindranath Tagore.
 Language: Bengali
 National Sport : Kabaddi
 Independence Day: 26th March, 1971 (from Pakistan)
 Parliament : Jatiya Parliament / Jatiya Sangsad
National symbols of Bangladesh

 National Flower : Water Lily
 National Fruit : Jackfruit
 National Tree : Mango Tree
 National Bird : Magpie Robin
 National Animal: Royal Bengal Tiger
 National Fish: Ilish / Hilsha
Bangladesh Border
 Bangladesh shares border with India and Myanmar
India Bangladesh Border
 Bordering States: West Bengal, Assam Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram (ATMM)
 Border length : 4,096.7 km
 Border Name : Radcliff Line
CHINA
 Capital: Beijing
 Currency: Renminbi (Yuan is it's basic unit)
 President: Xi Jinping
 National anthem : March of the Volunteers
 Language: Mandarin (dialect of Chinese)
 Parliament: National People's Assembly
 Independence Day: 1 October 1949 (Officially People's Republic of China)
National symbols of China

 National Flower: Plum Blossom
 National Fruit: Fuzzy kiwifruit, Jujube
 National Tree : Ginkgo
 National Bird: Red-crowned crane
 National Animal: Giant panda, Chinese Dragon
China Border
 China shares its border with India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, North Korea,
Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan.
India-China Border
 Bordering States: Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, Uttrakhand, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh
(SULAH)
 Border length : 3,488 km
 Border Name :Line of Actual Control (LAC) with Ladakh Macmohan Line with Arunachal
Pradesh
PAKISTAN
 Capital: Islamabad
 Currency: Pakistani Rupee
 Prime Minister: Imran Khan
 President: Arif Alvi
 National anthem: Qaumi Taranah
 National Language: Urdu
 National Sport: Hockey
 Independence Day: 14 August, 1947
 Parliament: National Assembly & Senate
National symbols of Pakistan

 National Flower: Common jasmine
 National Fruit: Mango (summer) and Guava (winter)
 National Tree: Himalayan cedar
 National Bird: Chukar partridge
 National Animal: Markhor
Pakistan Border
 Pakistan shares border with India, Afghanistan, Iran.
 Bordering States: Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh, Punjab, Gujarat, and Rajasthan.
 Border length: 3,323 km
 Border Name: Line of Control
AFGHANISTAN
 Capital: Kabul
 Currency : Afghani
 President: Abdul Ghani baradari(1st Acting PM)
 National anthem : Milli Surood
 Official Language: Pashto and Dari
 National Sport: Buzkashi
 Independence Day: 19th August, 1919 (from British)
 Parliament: Shora
National Symbol of Afghanistan

 National Flower : Tulip
 National Fruit : Pomegranate
 National Tree: Afghan pine
 National Bird: Golden Eagle
 National Animal: Snow Leopard
Afghanistan Border
 Afghanistan is a mountainous landlocked country.

 It shares border with Iran, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, China and
India.
India -Afghanistan Border
 Bordering State : Ladakh

 Border length : 106 km
 Border Name : Durand Line
NEPAL
 Capital: Kathmandu
 Currency: Nepalese Rupee
 Prime Minister: Sher Bahadur Deuba
 President: Bidya Devi Bhandari
 National anthem: Woven from hundreds of flowers
 Language: Nepali or Nepalese
 National Sport: Volleyball
 Parliament: Sanghiya Sansad /Federal Parliament of Nepal
National Symbols of Nepal

 National Flower: Rhododendron (Laliguras)
 National Tree: Ficus religiosa (Peepal)
 National Bird: Himalayan monal
 National Animal : Cow
Nepal Border
 Nepal shares border with India and China
India Nepal Border
 Bordering States: Sikkim, West Bengal, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and Uttarakhand
 Border length :1,751 km
BHUTAN
 Capital: Thimphu
 Currency: Bhutanese ngultrum
 Prime Minister: Lotay Tshering
 Monarch: Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck
 National anthem: Druk Tsenden
 Language: Dzongkha
 National Sport: Archery
 Parliament: Tshogdu
National Symbols of Bhutan

 National Flower: Himalayan blue poppy
 National Tree: Himalayan cypress
 National Bird : Raven
 National Animal : Takin
Bhutan Border
Tibet, Nepal
 Bhutan shares its border with India and China.
India Bhutan Border
 Bordering States: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Sikkim and West Bengal (SABA)
 Border length : 699 km
MYANMAR
 Old Name: Burma
 Capital: Naypyitaw
 Currency: Kyat
 State Head: Min Aung Hlaing (commander in chief)
 President: Win Myint Swe (before Military coup)
 National anthem: "Kaba Ma Kyei"
 Language: Burmese
 Independence Day 4th January, 1948
 Parliament: Pyidaungsu Hluttaw/ Assembly of the Union
 Aung San Suu Kyi-State Counsellor of Myanmar before the Military Coup
National Symbols of Myanmar

 National Flower : Padauk
 National Bird: Green peafowl
 National Animal : Tiger
 National Sport: Chinlone
Myanmar BORDER
 Myanmar shares border with India, Bangladesh, China, Laos, Thailand
India - Myanmar Border
 Bordering States: Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Mizoram, and Nagaland

 Border length : 1,643 km
SRI LANKA
 Old Name : Ceylon
 Capital : Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte (legislative capital)Colombo (Executive and
judicial capital)
 Currency: Sri Lankan Rupee
 Prime Minister: Mahindra Rajapaksa
 President: Gotabaya Rajapaksa
 National anthem: Sri Lanka Matha
 Language: Sinhala and Tamil
 Independence Day : 4th February, 1948
National Symbols of Sri Lanka
 National Flower: Blue water lily

 National Fruit : Jackfruit
 National Tree: Ceylon ironwood
 National Bird: Sri Lankan junglefowl
 National Sport: Volleyball
Borders of Sri Lanka

 It is an island country.
 The country shares maritime borders with the Maldives and India.
India- Sri Lanka Border
 It is situated on Indian Ocean, Southwest of Bay of Bengal, and southeast of

Arabian sea;
 It is separated from Indian subcontinent by Gulf of Mannar and Palk Strait.
MALDIVES
 Capital: Male
 Currency: Maldivian Rufiyaa
 President: Ibrahim Mohamed Solih
 National anthem: Qaumee Salaam
 Language: Dhivehi
 Parliament: People's Majlis
 Independence Day 26th July, 1965
National Symbols of Maldives
 National Flower: Pinkrose

 National Fruit: Coconut
 National Tree: Coconut Palm
 National Bird: White-breasted waterhen
 National Animal: Yellowfin tuna
 National Sport: Bashi & Football
Maldives Border
 Maldives is situated in the Indian Ocean.
 It lies southwest of Sri Lanka and India.
Colours and pictures of Indian notes
 Rs 10 (Chocolate Brown) - Konark Sun Temple
 Rs.20 (Green-Yellow) - Ellora Caves
 Rs 50 (Fluorescent Blue) - Hampi Stone chariot
 Rs 100 (Lavender Colour) - Rani Ki Vav
 Rs 200 (Bright Yellow) - Sanchi Stupa
 Rs 500 (Stone Grey) - Red Fort
 Rs 2000 (magenta) - Mangalyaan
World’s Highest Peak
Peak Height Location
Mt. Everest 8852m Nepal-Tibet
K2 (Godwin Austin) 8611m India
Kanchenjunga 8586m Nepal-India
Lhotse 8516m Nepal-Tibet
Makalu 8466m Nepal-Tibet
Cho -yu 8201m Nepal-Tibet
Dhaulagiri 8167m Nepal
Mansalu 8163m Nepal
Nanga Parbat 8126m India (J&K)
Annapurna 8091m Nepal
Wild Life Sanctuaries
State Wild Life Sanctuaries (WLS)
1. Rajasthan Mount Abu WLS
Jaswant Sagar WLS, Dhawa Doli WLS
Kela Devi WLS
Phulwari WLS, Udaipur WLS,

Sajjangarh WLS
Todgarh WLS
Ramgarh Vishadhari WLS
Jamwa Ramgarh WLS
Sita Mata WLS
Darrah WLS
Tal Chhapar WLS
2. Maharashtra Radha Nagri WLS
Koyna WLS
Nagzira WLS
Sagareshwar WLS
Painganga WLS
Phansad WLS
Gautala Autramghat WLS
3. Jammu & Kashmir Karakoram WLS
4. Jharkhand Dalma WLS
5. Tamil Nadu Sathyamangalmn WLS
Shenbagathoppu Grizzled Squirrel

WLS
6. Chhattisgarh Bhairamgarh WLS
Barnawapra WLS
Udanti WLS
Semarsot WLS
Sitanadi WLS
7. Himachal Pradesh Tundah WLS
Kugti WLS
Manali WLS
Nargu WLS
8. Sikkim Barse Rohododendron WLS
Pangolakha WLS
Kyongnosla WLS
Singba Rhododendron WLS
9. Kerala Paarambikulam WLS
Peechi-Vazhani WLS
Malabar WLS
Chimmony WLS
10. Goa Bondala WLS
Bhagwan Maha WLS
11. Madhya Pradesh Bori WLS
Bagdara WLS
Phen WLS
Gandhi Sagar WLS
12. Karnataka Mookambika WLS
Nugu WLS
Arabithittu WLS
Adhichunchanagiri WLS
Bhadra WLS
13. Gujarat Shoolpaneshwar WLS
Kutch Dessert WLS
Indian WLS
Narayan Sarovar WLS
Barda WLS
Balarm- Ambaji WLS
14. Odisha Badrama WLS
Basipali WLS
Debigarh WLs
Satkoshia WLS
15. Tripura Gumti WLS
16. West Bengal Murti WLS
17. Arunachal Pradesh Pakhui Tiger Reserve
Dibang WLS
Kamlang WLS
Mehao WLS
Eaglenest WLS
18. Andhra Pradesh Krishna WLS
Sri Lankamallehwara WLS
Papikonda WLS
Gundla Brahmeshwaram WLS
19. Telangana Kawal WLS
Etunagaram WLS
Pranhita WLS
Kinnerasani WLS
Pocharam WLS
Shivamram WLS
Pakhal WLS
20. Uttarakhand Kedarnath WLS
Sonanadi WLS
Jabarkhet WLS
Uttarakhand Binsar WLS
Nandhaur WLS
Govind Pashu Vihar WLS
ASckot Musk Deer WLS
21. Bihar Kaimur WLS
Bhimbandhu WLS
Valmiki WLS
Kawar jhil WLS
Nagi Dam WLS
Nakti Dam WLS
Valmikinagar WLS
Gautam Buddha WLS
Rajgir WLS
22. Uttar Pradesh Sohagi Barwa WLS
Ranipur WLS
Chandra Prabha WLS
Kishanpur WLS
Mahavir Swami
Suhail Dev WLS
Hastinapur WLS
Katarnighata WLS
23. Andaman & Nicobar Island Spike Island WLS
Defence WLS
Barren Island WLS
Flat Island WLS
Cinque Island WLS
Lohabarrack saltwater Crocodile

WLS
Continents of World
Asia Africa N. S. Europe Australia Antarctica
America America
Area 29.9 % 20.2 % 16.3 % 11.9 % 6.7 % 5.2% 8.9%
Highest Mt. Kilimanjaro Mt. Ojesdel Mt. Mt. Mt.

Peak Everest (5895m) Makenly Salado Albrush Kyusku Winson
(8852m) (6190m) (7084m) (5640m) (2228m) (5140m)
Lowest Dead Aasal Death Velds Caspian Ayre Bental
Point Sea Lake Valley Peninsula Sea Lake Trench
Largest Yangtze Nile Missori Amazon Volga Murry ---

River Darling
Smallest Maldives Meoti St. Piere Folkland Vetican Nauru ---

Country Island City
Largest China Alegria Canada Brazil Russia Australia -----

Country
 Continents : Asia> Africa> Europe> N. America> S. America> Australia>Antarctica

Area Wise
 Continents : Asia> Africa> Europe> N. America> S. America> Antarctica> Australia
Population Wise
 Order of Oceans Area, Volume, Depth Wise:

Pacific Ocean > Atlantic Ocean > Indian Ocean > Southern Ocean > Artic Ocean.
 Order of Oceans Coastal Line Wise :
Pacific Ocean > Atlantic Ocean > Indian Ocean > Artic Ocean > Southern Ocean.
State/ UT Flower
Andhra Pradesh Lotus
Arunachal Pradesh Lady slipper orchid
Assam Fox tail orchids
Bihar Kachnar
Chhattisgarh Jasmine
Goa -
Gujarat Marigold
Haryana Lotus
Himachal Pradesh Pink Rhododendron
Jammu & Kashmir Lotus
Jharkhand Palash
Karnataka Lotus
Kerala Golden shower Tree
Madhya Pradesh Parrot tree
Maharashtra Tamhan/ jarul
Manipur Shirui Lily
Meghalaya Lady Slipper Orchid
Mizoram Red Vanda
Nagaland Rhododendron
Odisha Asoka
Punjab Lilium candidum
Rajasthan Rohida
Sikkim Noble Orchid
Tamil Nadu Kandhal
Telangana Tangedu
Tripura Nageswar
Uttarakhand Brahm Kamal
Uttar Pradesh Palash
West Bengal Shephali
Indian Cities on River Bank
City River State
Gangakhed Godavari Maharashtra
Agra Yamuna Uttar Pradesh
Ahmedabad Sabarmati Gujarat
Allahabad Ganga, Yamuna, Saraswati Uttar Pradesh
Ayodhya Badrinath Saryu Uttar Pradesh
Badrinath Alaknanda Uttarakhand
Kolkata Hooghly West Bengal
Cuttack Mahanadi Odisha
New Delhi Yamuna Delhi
Dibrugarh Brahmaputra Assam
Firozpur Sutlej Punjab
Guwahati Brahmaputra Assam
Haridwar Ganges Uttarakhand
Hyderabad Musi Telangana
Jabalpur Narmada Madhya Pradesh
Kota Chambal Rajasthan
Jammu Tawi J&K
Jaunpur Gomti Uttar Pradesh
Rajahmundry Godavari Andhra Pradesh
Srinagar Jhelum Jammu & Kashmir
City River State
Surat Tapi Gujarat
Varanasi Ganges Uttar Pradesh
Vijayawada Krishna Andhra Pradesh
Mathura Yamuna Uttar Pradesh
Modasa Mazum Gujarat
Mirzapur Ganga Uttar Pradesh
Morbi Mochchu Gujarat
Auraiya Yamuna Uttar Pradesh
Etawah Yamuna Uttar Pradesh
Bangalore Vrishabhavathi Karanataka
Farrukhabad Ganges Uttar Pradesh
Rangpo Teesta Sikkim
Shimoga Tungo River Karnataka
Bhadravathi Bhadra Karnataka
Hospet Tungabhadra Karnataka
Gwalior Chamboi Madhya Pradesh
Gorakhpur Ropti Uttar Pradesh
Lucknow Gomti Uttar Pradesh
Malegaon Girna River Maharashtra
Sombalpur Mahanadi Odisha
City River State
Paton Saraswati Gujarat
Thiruchiropa Kaveri Tamil Nadu
Bharuch Narmada Gujarat
Nashik Godavari Maharashtra
Kolhapur Panchaganon Maharashtra
Kurnool Tungabhadra Andhra Pradesh
Nizamabad Godavari Telangana
Sonali Krishng Maharashtra
Ujjain Shipra Madhya Pradesh
Important Dams in India
Important Dams in India
Kallanai Dam(Tamil Nadu)
River: Kaveri
Oldest Dam in India Location: Tamil Nadu
Construction Began/Completion: 100 BC –100 AD
Tehri Dam (Uttarakhand) Height: 260 meters

Length: 575 meters
Highest Dam in India River: Bhagirathi River
Location: Uttarakhand
Year of completion:2006 (1st phase)
Hirakud Dam (Odisha) Total Length: 25.79 km
Length of Main Dam:4.8 km
Longest Dam in India River: Mahanadi
Location: Odisha
Year of completion:1953
Major Dams in India

List of Major Dams in India
Name of Dam State Name River Name
Telangana
Nizam Sagar Dam Telangana Manjira River
Singur dam Telangana Manjira River
Radhanagari Dam Telangana Bhogawati River
Lower Manair Dam Telangana Manair River
Manair River and SRSP Flood
Mid Manair Dam Telangana
Flow Canal
Manair River and Kudlair
Upper Manair Dam Telangana
River
Gujarat
Ukai Dam Gujarat Tapti River
Dharoi Dam Gujarat Sabarmati River
Kadana dam Gujarat Mahi River
Dantiwada Dam Gujarat Banas River
Himachal Pradesh
Pandoh Dam Himachal Pradesh Beas River
Nathpa Jhakri Dam Himachal Pradesh Satluj River
Chamera Dam Himachal Pradesh Ravi River
Jammu and Kashmir

Baglihar Dam Jammu and Kashmir Chenab River
Dumkhar Hydroelectric Dam Jammu and Kashmir Indus River
Uri Hydroelectric Dam Jammu and Kashmir Jhelum River
Jharkhand
Maithon Dam Jharkhand Barakar River
Chandil Dam Jharkhand Swarnarekha River
Panchet Dam Jharkhand Damodar River
Karnataka
Tunga Bhadra Dam Karnataka Tungabhadra River
Linganamakki dam Karnataka Sharavathi River
Kadra Dam Karnataka Kalinadi River
Alamatti Dam Karnataka Krishna River
Supa Dam Karnataka Kalinadi or Kali river
Krishna Raja Sagara Dam Karnataka Kaveri River
Harangi Dam Karnataka Harangi River
Narayanpur Dam Karnataka Krishna River
Kodasalli Dam Karnataka Kali River
Kerala
Malampuzha Dam Kerala Malampuzha River
Peechi Dam Kerala Manali River
Idukki Dam Kerala Periyar River
Kundala Dam Kerala Kundala Lake
Parambikulam Dam Kerala Parambikulam River
Walayar Dam Kerala Walayar River
Mullaperiyar Dam Kerala Periyar River
Neyyar Dam Kerala Neyyar River
Madhya Pradesh
Barna Dam Madhya Pradesh Barna River
Bargi Dam Madhya Pradesh Narmada River
Bansagar Dam Madhya Pradesh Sone River
Gandhi Sagar Dam Madhya Pradesh Chambal River
Maharashtra
Yeldari Dam Maharashtra Purna river
Ujani Dam Maharashtra Bhima River
Pawna Dam Maharashtra Maval River
Mulshi Dam Maharashtra Mula River
Koyna Dam Maharashtra Koyna River
Jayakwadi Dam Maharashtra Godavari River
Bhatsa Dam Maharashtra Bhatsa river
Wilson Dam Maharashtra Pravara River
Tansa Dam Maharashtra Tansa river
Panshet Dam Maharashtra Ambi River
Mula Dam Maharashtra Mula river
Kolkewadi Dam Maharashtra Vashishti River
Girna Dam Maharashtra Girana river
Vaitarna Dam Maharashtra Vaitarna river
Khadakwasla Dam Maharashtra Mutha River
Gangapur Dam Maharashtra Godavari river
Odisha
Indravati Dam Odisha Indravati River
Hirakud Dam Odisha Mahanadi River
Tamil Nadu
Vaigai Dam Tamil Nadu Vaigai River
Perunchani Dam Tamil Nadu Paralayar River
Mettur Dam Tamil Nadu Kaveri River
Uttar Pradesh
Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar Dam /
Uttar Pradesh Rihand River
Rihand dam
Tehri Dam Uttarakhand Bhagirathi River
Dhauli Ganga Dam Uttarakhand Dhauli Ganga River
Two States
Andhra Pradesh and Odisha
Jalaput Dam Machkund River
Border
Uttar Pradesh and Madhya
Rajghat Dam Betwa River
Pradesh Border
Himachal Pradesh and Punjab
Bhakra Nangal Dam Sutlej River
Border
Reservoirs in India
List of Major Reservoirs of India
Reservoir State River
Telangana
Dindi Reservoir Telangana Krishna River

Lower Manair Reservoir Telangana Manair River
Himayat Sagar Reservoir Telangana Osman Sagar
Shriram Sagar Reservoir Telangana Godavari River
Andhra Pradesh
Tatipudi Reservoir Project Andhra Pradesh Gosthani River
Gandipalem Reservoir Andhra Pradesh Manneru River
Himachal Pradesh
Gobind Sagar Reservoir Himachal Pradesh Sutlej River

Maharana Pratap Sagar Reservoir Himachal Pradesh Pong Dam Lake
Karnataka
Ghataprabha Reservoir Karnataka Ghataprabha River
Hemavathi Reservoir Karnataka Hemavati River
Madhya Pradesh
Tawa Reservoir Madhya Pradesh Tawa River
Indirasagar Project Madhya Pradesh Narmada River
Narmada Dam Project Madhya Pradesh Narmada River
Tamil Nadu
Aliyar Reservoir Tamil Nadu Aliyar River
Chittar Reservoir Tamil Nadu Chittar River
Krishnagiri Reservoir Tamil Nadu Thenpennai River
Manimuthar Reservoir Tamil Nadu Tamirabarani River
Pechiparai Reservoir Tamil Nadu Kodayar River
Shoolagiri Chinnar Reservoir Tamil Nadu Chinnar River
Thunakadavu Reservoir Tamil Nadu Thunacadavu River
Varattu Pallam Reservoir Tamil Nadu Kaveri River
Vidur Reservoir Tamil Nadu Sankaraparani River
Amaravathi Reservoir Tamil Nadu Amaravathi River
Gundar Reservoir Tamil Nadu Berijam Lake
Kullursandai Reservoir Tamil Nadu Arjuna Nadi
Pambar Reservoir Tamil Nadu Pambar River
Periyar Reservoir Tamil Nadu Periyar River
Stanley Reservoir Tamil Nadu Kaveri River
Uppar Reservoir Tamil Nadu Uppar River
Vattamalaikarai Odai Reservoir Tamil Nadu Odai River
Willingdon Reservoir Tamil Nadu Periya Odai River
Bhavanisagar Reservoir Tamil Nadu Bhavani River
Kodaganar Reservoir Tamil Nadu Kodagananar River
Manimukthanadhi Reservoir Tamil Nadu Krishna River
Parambikulam Reservoir Tamil Nadu Parambikulam River
Sholayar Reservoir Tamil Nadu Chalakkud River
Thirumurthi Reservoir Tamil Nadu Parmabikulam and Aliyar River
Varadamanadhi Reservoir Tamil Nadu Aliyar River
Vembakottai Reservoir Tamil Nadu Vaippar River
Manjalar Reservoir Tamil Nadu Manjalar River
Jammu and Kashmir
Salal Project Jammu and Kashmir Chenab River

Chutak Hydroelectric Project Jammu and Kashmir Suru River
Uttar Pradesh
Rihand Project Uttar Pradesh Rihand River and Son River
Important Days
 Month January: There are 5 important days in January.
 January 12 National Youth Day
 January 15 Army Day
 January 24 National Girls' Day
 January 25 National Tourism Day / Voters' Day
 January 30 - National Martyrs' Day / Anti-Leprosy Day
Trick: In January, 5 types of people came to my house, 12 youths, 15 army men, 24

girls, 25-2 voters and 30 family members of martyrs who have become free from
leprosy.
 Month February: There are only 2 important days in February –

 4 February World Cancer Day
 28 February - National Science Day
Trick: In February, science did two experiments in which science went 28 times to
cure 4 cancer patients.
 Month March: There are total 8 important days in the month of March.
 March 8 - International Women's Day
 March 9 - World Sparrow Day
 March 15 - World Consumer Rights Day ting on the creative minds
 March 20 - World Sparrow Day / Happiness Day
 March 21 - World Forest Day
 March 22 - World Water Day
 March 23 - Meteorological Day
 March 24 - World T.B. day
Trick : 9 kidneys of 8 women were sold happily to 15 consumers through 20 sparrows

happily through 21 forest boats to 24 TB patients at 23 metro stations.
 Month- April: There are total 5 important days in the month of April
 April 2 - Self-Awareness Day
 7 april world health day
 21 April Civil Services Day
 April 22 - Earth Day
 April 24 - National Panchayati Raj Day
Trick → Once 5 people became self-centred twice and became healthy 7 times,
then 21 times they passed the civil service then 22 times they passed on earth, then
somewhere they got Panchayati department in 24th time.
 Month may: There are total 5 important days in the month of May.
 May 1 - International Labor Day
 May 3 - World Press Freedom Day
 May 11 - National Technology Day
 May 21 - Terrorism Day
 31st May Anti Tobacco Day
Trick: was a laborer named Rajiv, who got free presses, which were 11th century
technology, some terrorists killed Rajiv and sold that press to tobacco company for
31 rupees.
 Month June: There are 2 important days in the month of June

 5 June - World Environment Day
 21 June - World Yoga Day
Trick: 5 people taught yoga to people related to the environment.
 Month July: There are total two important days in the month of July
 1st July National Doctor's Day
 July 11 World Population Day
Trick: 1 doctor controlled the population of 2011.
 Month August: There are total 3 important days in the month of August
 August 6 - Hiroshima Day
 August 9 - Nagasaki Day
 29 August - National Sports Day / Dhyanchand Day
Trick : 6 Hero has given 9 tricks to play 29 times carefully.
 Month September: There are total 5 important days in the month

 September 5 Teacher's Day
 September 8 - World Literacy Day efhing on the creative minds
 14 September - Hindi Day
 15 september engineer day
 September 16 - World Ozone Day
Trick: 5 teachers taught Hindi 14 times to 8 literate people and made them
engineers in 15th time who wrote essay on ozone day in 16 pages.
 Month October: October has total 4 days

 October 2 - National Non Violence Day / Gandhi Jayanti
 October 8 Air Force Day
 9 October - World Post Office Day
 October 24 United Nations Day
Trick: On October 2, Gandhiji taught Shastri the lesson of non-violence. 8 Airforce

men wrote letters to 24 United Nations by 9 mails.
January Days
• January 1: New Year’s Day, Global Family Day

• January 4: World Braille Day
• January 6: World War Orphans Day
• January 8: African National Congress Foundation Day
• January 9: NRI Day (Pravasi Bhartiya Day)
• January 10: World Hindi Day
• January 11: National Human Trafficking Awareness Day, National Road
Safety Week, Death Anniversary of Lal Bhadur Shastri
• January 12: World Youth Day
• January 15: Army Day
• January 11-17: National Raod Safety Week
• January 12: National Youth Day
• January 14: Lohri Day
• January 15: Indian Army Day
• January 25: National Voters Day
• January 26: India’s Republic Day, International Customs Day
• January 27: International Day of Commemoration
• January 30: Martyrs’ Day
• January (last Sunday): World Leprosy Eradication Day
• February 2: World Wetlands Day

• February 4: World Cancer Day
• February 6: International Day of Zero Tolerance to Female Genital Mutilation
• February (second day of the second week of February): Safer Internet Day
• February 10: National De-worming Day
• February 11: International Day of Women and Girls in Science
• February 12: National Productivity Day
• February 13: World Radio Day, World Women’s Day
• February 14: Valentine’s Day
• February 20: World Day of Social Justice
• February 21: International Mother Language Day
• February 24: Central Excise Day
• February 28: National Science Day
• February 28/29: Rare Disease Day
• March 1: Zero Discrimination Day; World Civil Defence Day

• March 3: World Wildlife Day, World Hearing Day
• March 4: National Security Day
• March 8: International Women’s Day
• March (2nd Thursday in March): World Kidney Day
• March (2nd Wednesday in March): No Smoking Day
• March 11: World Kidney Day
• March 14: Pi- Day
• March 15: World Disabled Day; World Consumer Rights Day
• March 16: World Sleep Day
• March 18: Ordnance Factories Day (India)
• March 20: International Day of happiness; World Sparrow Day
• March 21: World Forestry Day; World Down Syndrome Day; World Poetry Day
• March 22: World Day for Water
• March 23: World Meteorological Day
• March 24: World TB Day
• March 27: World Theatre Day
• April 1: Odisha Day

• April 2: World Autism Awareness Day
• April 3: Aquatic Life
• April 4: International Day for Mine Awareness
• April 5: National Maritime Day
• April 7: World Health Day
• April 10: World Homeopathy Day
• April 11: National Safe Motherhood Day; National Pet Day
• April 17: World Haemophilia Day
• April 18: World Heritage Day
• April 19: World Liver Day
• April 21: Secretaries Day; Civil Services Day
• April 22: Earth Day
• April 23: World Book and Copyright Day
• April 24: National Panchayati Day
• April 25: World Malaria Day
• April 26: World Intellectual property Day
• April 28: World Day for Safety and Health at Work; World Veterinary Day
• April 29: International Dance Day
• April 30: Ayushman Bharat Diwas
• May 1: Worker’s Day (International Labour Day), Maharashtra Day

• May 3: Press Freedom Day
• May (1st Sunday): World Laughter Day
• May (1st Tuesday): World Asthma Day
• May (2nd Sunday): Mother’s Day
• May 4: Coal Miners Day; International Firefighters Day
• May 7: World Athletics Day
• May 8: World Red Cross Day; World Thalassaemia Day
• May 11: National Technology Day
• May 12: International Nurses Day
• May 12: Mother’s Day
• May 15: International Day of the Family
• May 17: World Telecommunication Day; World Hypertension Day
• May 18: World AIDS vaccine Day; International Museum Day
• May 21: National Anti-Terrorism Day, (Rajiv-Gandhi’s Death Anniversary)
• May 22: International Day for Biological Diversity
• May 24: Commonwealth Day
• 31-May Anti-Tobacco Day
• June 1: World Milk Day

• June 3: World Bicycle Day
• June 4: International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression
• June 5: World Environment Day
• June (3rd Sunday): Father’s Day
• June 8: Annual Celebration of World Ocean Day
• June 12: Anti-Child Labor Day
• June 13: International Albinism Awareness Day
• June 14: World Blood Donor Day
• June 15: Global Wind Energy Day
• June 20: World Refugee Day
• June 21: International Day of Yoga, Annual Music Celebration
• June 23: United Nations Public Service Day
• June 26: International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking
• July 1: Doctor’s Day

• July 6: World Zoonoses Day
• July 11: World Population Day
• July 17: World Day for International Justice
• July 18: International Nelson Mandela Day
• July 28: World Hepatitis Day
• August (1st Sunday): International Friendship Day

• August 6: Hiroshima Day
• August 8: World Senior Citizen’s Day
• August 9: Quit India Day, Nagasaki Day, International Day of the World’s
Indigenous peoples.
• August 15: Indian Independence Day
• August 12: International Youth Day
• August 19: Photography Day, World Humanitarian Day
• August 29: National Sports Day
• September 2: Coconut Day

• September 5: Teacher’s Day; Sanskrit Day
• September 8: International Literacy Day
• September 14: Hindi Diwas
• September 15: Engineers Day; International Day of Democracy
• September 16: World Ozone Day; International Day for preservation
• September 21: Alzheimer’s Day; Day for Peace & Non-Violence (UN)
• September 22: Rose Day (Welfare of cancer patients)
• September 23: International Day of Sign Languages
• September 26: Day of the Deaf; World Contraception Day
• September 27: World Tourism Day; World Maritime Day
• September 29: World Heart Day
• September 30: International Translation Day
• September (Last Saturday): World Rivers Day
• October 1: International Day of the Elderly

• October 2: Gandhi Jayanthi; International Day of Non-Violence
• October (First Monday): World Habitat Day
• 4-October-2022: World Animal Welfare Day
• October 8: Indian Air Force Day
• October 9: World Post Office Day
• October 10: National Post Day; World Mental Health Day
• October 11: National Girl Child Day
• October (2nd Thursday): World Sight Day
• October 13: UN International Day for Natural Disaster Reduction
• October 14: World Standards Day
• October 15: World Students Day; World White Cane Day (Guiding the Blind)
• October 16: World Food Day
• October 20: National Solidarity Day
• October 24: UN Day; World Development Information Day
• October 30: World Thrift Day
• October 31: National Unity Day
• November 5: World Tsunami Day

• November 7: National Cancer Awareness day
• November 9: Legal Services Day
• November 14: Children’s Day; Diabetes Day
• November 17: National Epilepsy Day
• November 20: Africa Industrialization Day
• November 21: World Television Day
• November 29: International Day of Solidarity with Palestinian People
• December 1: World AIDS Day

• December 2: National Pollution Control
• December 3: World Day of the Handicapped
• December 4: Indian Navy Day
• December 7: Indian Armed Forces Flag Day
• December 10: Human Rights Day; International Children’s Day of
Broadcasting
• December 11: International Mountain Day
• December 14: National Energy Conservation Day
• December 16: Vijay Diwas
• December 18: Minorities Rights Day (India)
• December 22: National Mathematics Day
• December 23: Kisan Divas (Farmer’s Day) (India)
• December 24: National Consumers Day
• December 25: Christmas Day
Important Days and theme in February 2022
Date Day Theme 2022
Wetlands Action for People and

February 02 World Wetlands Day
Nature
February 04 World Cancer Day Close the Care Gap
International Day of Zero

February 06 Tolerance to Female Accelerating Investment to End FGM
Genital Mutilation
February 08 (Second
day of the second week Safer Internet Day 2022 Together for a better internet
of February)
Pulses to empower youth in

February 10 World Pulses Day achieving sustainable agrifood
systems
International Day of
Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion:
February 11 Women and Girls in
Water Unites Us
Science
Self Reliance Through

February 12 National Productivity Day ProductivityNational Productivity
Week : February 12 to 18
February 13 World Radio Day Radio and Trust
National Women’s Day in birth anniversary of Sarojini Naidu,

February 13
India (the Nightingale of India)
International Childhood Better Survival’ is achievable

February 15
Cancer Day (ICCD) #throughyourhands
Achieving Social Justice through

February 20 World Day of Social Justice
Formal Employment
Using technology for multilingual

International Mother
February 21 learning: Challenges and
Language Day
opportunities
February 22 World Thinking Day Our World, Our Equal Future: The
Date Day Theme 2022
Environment and Gender Equality
February 27 ‘Protein Day’ Food Futurism
Integrated Approach in S&T for

February 28 National Science Day
Sustainable Future
February 28 (Last Day of

Rare Disease Day 2022 Share Your Colors
February)
Important Days and theme in January 2022
Date Day Theme
to mark the birth anniversary of Louis

January 4 World Braille Day
Braille, the inventor of Braille
Pravasi Bharatiya Divas/Non-

January 9 2022 marks 17th Pravasi Bhartiya Divas
Resident Indian Day
Theme 2022: YUVAAH – Utsah Naye

January 12 National Youth Day Bharat Ka’ (Youth- Excitement of New
India)
2022 marks the 6th Armed Forces

January 14 Armed Forces Veterans Day
Veterans Day
January 15 Indian Army Day 2022 marks the 74th Indian Army Day
Theme 2022: Changing Course,

January 24 International Day of Education
Transforming Education
Theme 2022: Making Elections

January 25 National Voters’ Day
Inclusive, Accessible and Participative
2022 marks 73rd Republic Day of India.

January 26 Republic Day Constitution of India came into effect
on 26 January 1950
Theme 2022: Customs Digital

January 26 International Customs Day Transformation by Embracing a Data
Culture and Building a Data Ecosystem.
International Day of
Theme 2022: Memory, Dignity and
January 27 Commemoration in memory of
Justice
the victims of the Holocaust
January 30 Theme 2022: Achieving health equity to

World Neglected Tropical
end the neglect of poverty-related
32nd Tokyo Olympics-2021
Hosted Tokyo(Japan) 23July-8, August, 2021
Total Countries 206 (Matches-339, Indian Athlete-127)
India’s Theme Song “Lakshya hai tere Samne”
India’ Cheers Song Hindustani Ve (A.R. Rehman)
India’s Opening ceremony Marry Kom (wrestler) &Manpreet Singh(Men’s Hockey

Players team Captain)
India’s Closing Ceremony Bajrang Punia (Wrestler)
Player
India’s 1st gymnastic Judge Deepak kabra
in Olympics
India’s 1st Female Phaser Bhavani Devi
Qualifier
1st Country do not N. Korea
participate because of
COVID-19
India’s only wrestler umpire Ashok Kumar
India’s 1st Female golfer Aditi Ashok

Qualifier
India’s Men Hockey team Manpreet Singh
captain in Olympics
India’s Women Hockey Rani Rampal
team Captain in Olympics
1st Transgender Athlete Laurel Habred
participates in Olympics
Olympic’s 1st Gold Medal Yang Kiyan(China-Shooting)
India’s 1st Medal Meerabai Chanu (Silver Medal-Weighlifting49kg)
India’s 2nd Silver Medal Ravi Kumar Dahiya (wrestling-57kg)
India’s Gold Medal Neeraj Chopra (87.58 m- Javelin Throw)
India’s Bronze Medals Lavlina Boroghain(Boxing:64-69kg), P.V.

Sindhu(Badminton), Bajrang Punia (wrestling-65kg)
India’s Men Hockey Team(defeat- Grmany)
Youngest’s Champion Momiji Nishiya Australia(Japan- Skateboarding)
Maximum 7 Gold Medal Emma Mckeon (Australia-Swimmer)
(Female)
Maximum 5 Gold Medal Caleb Dressel (u.s-Swimmer)
(Male)
1 Position
st America (39- Gold, 41- Silver, 33- Bronze) Total-113
2nd Position China-88 Medals
3rd Position Japan-58 Medals
India’s Position 48th (1-Gold, 2-Silver, 4- Bronze) Total-7
33nd Olympics-2024 takes Paris (France)

place on
National Parks
S.No. National Park State Established
1 Papikonda National Park Andhra Pradesh 2008
2 Rajiv Gandhi National Park Andhra Pradesh 2005
3 Sri Venkateswara National Park Andhra Pradesh 1989
4 Kasu Brahmananda Reddy Telangana 1994

National Park
5 Mahavir Harina Vanasthali Telangana 1994
National Park
6 Mrugavani National Park Telangana 1994
7 Namdapha National Park Arunachal Pradesh 1983
8 Mouling National Park Arunachal Pradesh 1986
9 Dibru-Saikhowa National Park Assam 1999
10 Kaziranga National Park Assam 1974
11 Manas National Park Assam 1990
12 Nameri National Park Assam 1998
13 Rajiv Gandhi Orang National Park Assam 1999
14 Valmiki National Park Bihar 1989
15 Indravati National Park Chhattisgarh 1982
16 Kanger Valley National Park Chhattisgarh 1982
17 Guru Ghasi Das (Sanjay) National Chhattisgarh 1981

Park
18 Bhagwan Mahavir (Mollem) Goa 1992
National Park
19 Blackbuck National Park, Gujarat 1976
Velavadar
20 Gir Forest National Park Gujarat 1975
21 Marine National Park, Gulf of Kutch Gujarat 1982
22 Vansda National Park Gujarat 1979
23 Kalesar National Park Haryana 2003
24 Sultanpur National Park Haryana 1989
25 Pin Valley National Park Himachal Pradesh 1987
26 Great Himalayan National Park Himachal Pradesh 1984
27 Inderkilla National Park Himachal Pradesh 2010
28 Khirganga National Park Himachal Pradesh 2010
29 Simbalbara National Park Himachal Pradesh 2010
30 Dachigam National Park Jammu and Kashmir 1981
31 Hemis National Park Jammu and Kashmir 1981
32 Kishtwar National Park Jammu and Kashmir 1981
33 Salim Ali National Park Jammu and Kashmir 1992
34 Betla National Park Jharkhand 1986
35 Bandipur National Park Karnataka 1974
36 Bannerghatta National Park Karnataka 1974
37 Kudremukh National Park Karnataka 1987
38 Nagarhole (Rajiv Gandhi) National Karnataka 1988

Park
39 Anshi national park Karnataka 1987
40 Eravikulam National Park Kerala 1978
41 Mathikettan Shola National Park Kerala 2003
42 Periyar National Park Kerala 1982
43 Silent Valley National Park Kerala 1984
44 Anamudi Shola National Park Kerala 2003
45 Pambadum Shola National Park Kerala 2003
46 Bandhavgarh National Park Madhya Pradesh 1968
47 Kanha National Park Madhya Pradesh 1955
48 Madhav National Park Madhya Pradesh 1959
49 Mandla Plant Fossils National Park Madhya Pradesh 1983
50 Panna National Park Madhya Pradesh 1981
51 Pench (Priyadarshini) National Park Madhya Pradesh 1975
52 Sanjay National Park Madhya Pradesh 1981
53 Satpura National Park Madhya Pradesh 1981
54 Van Vihar National Park Madhya Pradesh 1979
55 Dinosaur National Park Madhya Pradesh 2010
56 Chandoli National Park Maharashtra 2004
57 Gugamal National Park Maharashtra 1975
58 Navegaon National Park Maharashtra 1975
59 Sanjay Gandhi (Borivilli) National Park Maharashtra 1983
60 Todoba National Park Maharashtra 1955
61 Pench National Park Maharashtra 1975
62 Keibul Lamjaa National Park Manipur 1977
63 Balphakram National Park Meghalaya 1985
64 Nokrek National Park Meghalaya 1986
65 Murlen National Park Mizoram 1991
66 Phawngpui Blue Mountain National Mizoram 1992

Park
67 Intanki National Park Nagaland 1993
68 Bhitarkanika National Park Odisha 1988
69 Simlipal National Park Odisha 1980
70 Sariska National Park Rajasthan 1982
71 Ranthambore National Park Rajasthan 1980
72 Mukundra Hills (Darrah) National Park Rajasthan 2006
73 Desert National Park Rajasthan 1992
74 Keolodeo Ghona National Park Rajasthan 1981
75 Khangchendzonga National Park Sikkim 1977
76 Mudumalai National Park Tamil Nadu 1990
77 Mukurthi National Park Tamil Nadu 1990
78 Indira Gandhi (Annamalai) National Tamil Nadu 1989

Park
79 Guindy National Park Tamil Nadu 1976
80 Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park Tamil Nadu 1980
List of Mountains in India
Name of the Mountain State Name

Ladakh
Saser Kangri I / K22 Ladakh
Teram Kangri I Ladakh
Saltoro Kangri / K10 Ladakh
Saser Kangri III Ladakh
Saser Kangri II E Ladakh
K12 Ladakh
Rimo I Ladakh
Teram Kangri III Ladakh
Mamostong Kangri / K35 Ladakh
Ghent Kangri Ladakh
Apsarasas Kangri Ladakh
Rimo III Ladakh
Singhi Kangri Ladakh
Nun-Kun Ladakh
Chong Kumdang Ri Ladakh
Chamshen Kangri / Tughmo Zarpo Ladakh
Aq Tash Ladakh
Chong Kumdang Ri II Ladakh
Padmanabh Ladakh
Mount Lakshmi Ladakh
Shahi Kangri Ladakh
Sikkim
Kirat Chuli Sikkim
Kanchenjunga Sikkim (Shared with Nepal)
Jongsong Peak Sikkim
Kabru N Sikkim
Chorten Nyima Ri Sikkim
Langpo Sikkim
Shudu Tsempa Sikkim
Pauhunri Sikkim
Pathibhara / The Pyramid Sikkim
Uttarakhand
Mukut Parbat Uttarakhand
Mana Peak Uttarakhand
Hardeol Uttarakhand
Chaukhamba I / Badrinath Peak Uttarakhand
Trisul I Uttarakhand
Satopanth Uttarakhand
Tirsuli Uttarakhand
Dunagiri Uttarakhand
Rishi Pahar Uttarakhand
Thalay Sagar Uttarakhand
Kedarnath Main Uttarakhand
Sri Kailash Uttarakhand
Kalanka Uttarakhand
Saf Minal / P. 6911 Uttarakhand
Panchchuli II Uttarakhand
Saraswati Parvat I / Saraswati Peak Uttarakhand
Nanda Devi Uttarakhand
Kamet Uttarakhand
Arunachal Pradesh
Kangto Arunachal Pradesh
Nyegyi Kansang Arunachal Pradesh
Mountain Ranges in the World
Important/Highest
Mountain Range Location Description
Peaks
It is one of the longest fold
mountains in the world and
Mt. Elbert (highest
Rocky Mountains North America extends from Canada to
peak in the Rockies)
Western US (New Mexico
State)
Mt. Mitchell, North
Carolina, US
Appalachian It is a fold mountain with
(highest peak of North America
Mountains rich in mineral resources
Appalachian
Mountains)
It is a folded mountain and
Mont Blanc (French
Alps Europe source for rivers like
–Italian border)
Danube, Rhine, etc.
Habitat for many Red
Sierra Nevada Mt. Whitney California, USA
Indian tribes
Mt. McKinley highest peak
Alaska Range Mt. McKinley North America
in North America
Young folded mountain
which extends from
Altai Mountains Belukha mountain Central Asia
Kazakhstan to northern
China.
Longest mountain chain in
Andes Mountains Mt. Aconcagua South America
the world
Young fold mountain
Northwestern
Atlas Mountains Mt. Toubkal spreading over Morocco
Africa
and Tunisia.
Drakensberg
Mt. Lesotho South Africa Young folded mountain
Mountains
Located between the Black
Caucasus Mountain Mt. Elbrus Europe
Sea and the Caspian Sea
This mountain range act as
Ural Mountains Mt. Narodnaya Russia a boundary between
Europe and Asia.
Folded mountain with
Hindukush Pakistan and rugged topography which
Mt. Trich Mir
Mountains Afghanistan makes it difficult for
transportation.
Young fold mountains in
Asia which separates Indian
Himalayas Mt. Everest Asia
sub-continent from Asian
plains
It extends from north to
Arakan Yoma Mt. Kennedy peak Myanmar
south direction.
North of Tibetan
It is one of the young
Kunlun Mountains Mt. Muztag plateau and
folded mountains.
western China
Famous for the cultivation
Eastern France,
Vosges Mt. Grand Ballon of grapes and manufacture
Europe
of wines.
Great Dividing
Mt. Kosciuszko Australia
Range
List of Mountain Ranges In The World
Name Location Elevation Highest Peak

Peru, Chile, Colombia,
Andes Venezuela, Argentina, 6,961 m Aconcagua
Ecuador, Bolivia
Himalayas Asia 8,848 m Mount Everest
Hindukush South-Central Asia 7,690 m Tirich Mir
British Columbia;
Alberta; Idaho;
Rockies Montana; Wyoming; 4,401 m Mount Elbert
Utah; Colorado; New
Mexico
Great Dividing Range Australia 2,228 m Mount Kosciuszko
Sierra Nevada United States 4,421 m Mount Whitney
Russia, Azerbaijan,
Caucasus 5,642 m Mount Elbrus
Georgia, Abkhazia
Alaska USA 6,190 m Denali
Italy, France,
Alps Germany, Austria, 4,810 m Mont Blanc
Switzerland, Slovenia
Apennines Italy 2,912 m Corno Grande
Ural Russia 1,895 m Mount Narodnaya
Pennines UK 893 m Cross Fell
Pyrenees France, Spain 3,404 m Aneto
Appalachian North America 2,037 m Mount Mitchell
Morocco, Algeria,
Atlas 4,167 m Toubkal
Tunisia
Romania, Ukraine,
Poland, Hungary,
Carpathian 2,655 m Gerlachovský štít
Czech Republic,
Slovakia, Serbia
Gilgit-Baltistan,
Karakoram Ladakh, Xinjiang and 8,611 m K2
Badakhshan
Tian Shan China 7,439 m Jengish Chokusu
Eastern Ghats Eastern India 1,680 m Jindhagada Peak
Western India and
Western Ghats 2,695 m Anamudi
Southern India
Reports & Indexes Current Affairs: 2021-22
Reports & Indexes Organization Issuers Countries Top country Position of

Included / Cities India
Henley Passport Transparency 111 Japan 83 (Q1-
Index Q1-2022 International Singapore 2021: 90)
Corruption Transparency 180 Denmark 85th (86 in
Perceptions Index International 2020)
2021
Global Health Johns Hopkins 195 USA 66th
Security Index 2021 Center for Health
Security
World talent ranking Management 64 Switzerland 56th
report 2021 Development
Institute (IMD)
Asia Power Index Lowy Institute 26 America 4
2021 (Sydney)
Global Bribery Risk TRACE Organization 194 Denmark 82nd (77 in

Ranking 2021 2020)
Global Drug Policy Home Reduction 30 Norwegian 18th
Index 2021 Consortium
Climate Change German watch 57 Denmark 10th (10 in
Performance Index 2020)
2021
Global Food Security Economist Impact 113 Ireland 71st
Index 2021 (London)
Mercer CFA Institute Mercer Consulting 43 Iceland 40th
Global Pension Index
2021
Global Hunger Index Welthungerhilf 116 Belarus 101st (94

2021 (German in 2020)
organization)
Renewable Energy Consultancy firm 40 America third
Country 'Ernst & Young'
Attractiveness Index
2021
Global Innovation Intellectual Property 132 Switzerland 46th (48 in
Index 2021 Organization (WIPO) 2020)
Digital Quality of Life Cyber security 110 Denmark 59th
Index 2021 company 'Surfshark'
Global Manufacturing Cushman & 47 China second
Risk Index 2021 Wakefield
Global youth Commonwealth 181 Singapore 122nd
development index Secretariat (London)
2020
Global Cyber Security International 194 America 10th
Index 2020 telecommunications
association
Global Management 64 Switzerland 43 (43 in
Competitiveness Development 2020)
Index 2021 Institute (IMD)
Global Peace Index Institute for 163 Iceland 135th (133
2021 Economics and in 2020)
Peace
Global Donor Index Charity & 114 Indonesia 14th
2021 Foundation
Global Household Knight Frank 56 Turkey 55th (43 in
Price Index Q1-2021 (London) 2020)
Global Skills Report Coursera --------- Switzerland 67th
2021
Global Liveability Economist --------- Auckland second -
Index 2021 Intelligence Unit osaka
World Press Freedom Reports Without 180 Norwegian 142 (142 in
Index 2021 Borders (France) 2020)
Chandler Good Chandler Institute of 104 Finland 49th
Governance Index Governance
2021
Global Energy World Economic 115 Sweden 87th (74 in
Transition Index 2021 Forum 2020)
Inclusive Internet Economist 120 Sweden 49th (52 in
Index 2021 Intelligence Unit 2020)
Global Gender Gap World Economic 156 Iceland 140 (112 in
Report 2021 Forum 2020)
International Lowel Innovation 53 America 40 (40 in
Intellectual Property Policy Center 2020)
Index 2021
World happiness United Nations 149 Finland 139 (140 in
report 2021 Sustainable 2019)
Development
Solutions Network
Economic Freedom American think tank 184 Singapore 121 (26 in
Index 2020 Heritage Foundation Asia)
Global Democracy Economist 167 Norwegian 53rd(51 in
Index 2020 Intelligence Unit 2019)
COVID-19 Lowy Institute 98 Vietnam 86th
Performance Index (Sydney)
2021
Global Climate Risk German Watch NGO ----------- Mozambique 7th (5 in
Index 2021 2020)
Global Firepower Global Fire Power 133 America 4
Index 2021
SCHEMES
Scheme / Campaign / Mission: Concerned State / Ministry
Project State / Ministries
BahaneChhodoTaxBachao campaign SBI General Insurance
Meendam Mejpai Scheme Tamil Nadu
Sports Nursery Scheme Haryana
SAHAY Scheme Jharkhand
Dhanrekha Bachat Life Insurance Plan LIC
care4hockey campaign Bajaj Allianz
MilkPrice Incentive Scheme Uttarakhand
Skill Cell Mission / Ration Aapke Gram Madhya Pradesh

Yojana
STREE project Kerala Tourism
Dware Ration Yojana West Bengal
'Munh Band Rakho ' campaign HDFC Bank
Shramik Mitra Scheme Delhi Government
'Chief Minister Ration Aapke Dwar' Madhya Pradesh

scheme
'Mera Ghar Mere Naam' / 'Mera Kaam Punjab

Mera Mann' scheme
Tendu Leaf Collector Social Security Chhattisgarh

Scheme
Chief Minister Tourism Udyog Sambal Punjab
Yojana
Chief Minister Bagwani Bima Yojana Haryana
Karkhandar Yojana Jammu Kashmir
Har Ghar Pani, Har Ghar Safai' mission Punjab
'Ek jila Ek Utpad scheme Uttarpradesh
ROJGAR SETU scheme Madhya Pradesh
Matru Bhoomi Yojana / Farmers Welfare Uttarpradesh

Mission
Selfie with Temple Campaign / Vatsalya Uttarakhand

Yojana
My Pad, My Right Scheme Tripura Government
SUNYA Yojana / Food Entrepreneurship NITI Aayog

Program 3.0
Pran Vayu Devta Pension Scheme Haryana Government
Dry Ration Scheme / Arshivad Scheme Odisha
Swachh Survakshan Grameen 2021 Ministry of Jal Shakti

Program
Watan Prem Yojana / Karuna Abhiyan Gujarat Government
Journalist Welfare Fund Scheme / Bajra Chhattisgarh

Mission
'Saath' program / 'Mission youth' initiative Jammu Kashmir
'Save water for free water' scheme Goa Government
Aatm Nirbhar krishi Yojana Arunachal Pradesh
YODDHA BANE ABHIYAN Kerala Government
'AYUSH Aapke Dwar' campaign Ministry of AYUSH
Sujalam Abhiyan Ministry of Jal Shakti
Chief Minister Child Service Scheme Gujarat Government
Mission Vatsalya / No Mask, No Ride Maharashtra Government

Campaign
Har hit Store / Sanjivani Project Haryana Government
Devarnya Yojana / Ankur Yojana Madhya pradesh Government
One Block, One Product' scheme Haryana Government
Chief Minister Child Service Scheme / Uttar Pradesh

Mission Shakti
Project BOLD (Initiation-Udaipur, Khadi Gram udyog Ayog
Rajasthan)
GHAR GHAR Aushadhi Yojana / mission Rajasthan Government
Niryatak Bano
Nishulk Swasthya Aahar Yojana Madhya Pradesh
unique gift plan Uttarpradesh
Chief Minister's Entrepreneur Scheme Bihar Government
'Where Vote, There Vaccination' Delhi Government

Campaign
Corona Warriors Scheme madhya pradesh
Chief Minister Shishu Seva Achoni Yojana Assam Government
Yuva Shakti Corona Liberation Campaign Madhya Pradesh
Chief Minister Kovid-19 Child Welfare Madhya Pradesh Government

Scheme
Mission Oxygen Self Reliance Scheme Maharashtra Government
Chief Minister Anupriti Coaching Scheme Government of Rajasthan
Chief Minister Kisan Mitra Energy Scheme Government of Rajasthan
PANKH Campaign Government of Madhya Pradesh
Chief Minister's Child Service Scheme Assam government
child support scheme -Bihar Government
doorstep healthcare plan Tamil Nadu
Mahtari Dular Scheme Chhattisgarh
Pragyan Bharti and Bhasha Gaurav Assam government

Yojana
YounTab Scheme / Sour Lift Sinchai Ladakh

Scheme
AYUSH door-to-door program Himachal Pradesh
Gopabandhu Sambadika Health -Odisha
Insurance Scheme
Jaganna Vidya Deevena Scheme / SALT Andhra Pradesh

Program
Watch your state campaign Arunachal Pradesh
MERA Mask Meri Suraksha / Launch Pad Madhya Pradesh

Scheme
Affordable Rental Housing Scheme Uttarpradesh
Chief Minister Antyodaya Parivar Utthan Haryana

Yojana.
Super- 75 Scholarship Scheme Jammu Kashmir
'Gharoki Pehchan, Chelik Name' scheme Uttarakhand
Maha Samridhi Women Empowerment Maharashtra

Scheme
'Wings' campaign / Roco-Toko campaign Madhya Pradesh
SVAYEM Scheme / Oroonodei Scheme Government of Assam
One School One IAS Scheme Kerala
Sehat Health Insurance Plan Jammu Kashmir
Farmers Welfare Mission / Abhyudaya Uttar Pradesh

Yojana
Jaganna Jeev Kranti Yojana Andhra Pradesh
DWARE Sarkar' SCHEME / 'Mother' WEST BENGAL

Canteen Scheme
Indira Gandhi Maternity Nutrition Scheme Rajasthan
Rythu Vedika Scheme Telangana
Vatsalya and Samarth Yojana Rajasthan
PM FME plan Manipur
pelvis.
Sattriya- a classical dance form from Assam.
It was recognized as a classical dance by Sangeet Natak Academi on
November 15, 2000.
Sattriya Nritya was usually performed in the Sattras (Assam monasteries) in a
highly ritialistic manner by male dancers
Classical Dance/Exponents
Bharata Natyam / Rujkmini Devi Arundale ,Mrinalini Sarabhai, Vaijayantimala Bali,
Leela Samson.
Kuchipudi / Raja Reddy, Radha Reddy
Kathakali / Mukunda Raja (of Kalmandalam fame)
Manipuri / Jhaveri Sisters
Kathak / Birju Maharaj , Sitara Devi, Sambhu Maharaj , Shovna Narayan
MARTIAL DANCES
Gatka Punjabi
Paika Orissa
Thag Ta Manipur
Kalaripayattu Kerala
Choliya Uttaranchal
Pang Lhabosol Sikkim
FOLK DANCES OF INDIA

Bihu :The Bihu dance is a folk dance from the Indian State of Assam related to the
festival of Bihu.
Bhangra is a folk dance conducted by Punjab Sikh farmers to celebrate the coming of
the harvest season.
Garba- a dance form that originated in the Gujarat region. Traditionally it is performed
during the nine-day Hindu festival Navaratri.
Jhoomar - a folk dance performed during the harvest season in Punjab.
Gidha- a popular folk dance of women in Punjab. Normally, no musical instruments

are accompanied with gidha, except sometimes a dholak.
Ghoomar- a traditional women’s folk dance of Rajasthan. It is performed by groups of

women in swirling robes.
Kummi -the folk dance popular in Tamil Nadu. This is performed by women.
Changu - dance is a popular dance form from Orissa. It derives its name from a kind of
drum called Changu, which invariably accompanies the dance. The dance is performed
only by women.
Therukoothu -a widely popular folk dance of Tamil Nadu.
Raas or Dandiya Raas - the traditional dance form of Gujarat, India where it is
performed depicting scenes of Holi and lila of Krishna and Radha. It is performed during
Navaratri evenings.
Chhau -dance is popular in Orissa, Jharkhand and West Bengal.
Yakshagana - a musical dance drama popular in Karnataka. A performance usually

depicts a story from the Indian epics and puranas.
Bamboo dance- tribal dance of Nagaland. This dance form is exclusively performed by
girls.
State/Capital/Language/Dance
State Capital Language Dance
Assamese, Bengali,
Assam Dispur Bihu
Bodo
Arunachal Pradesh Itanagar English Bardo Chham
Kolattam,
Andhra Pradesh Hyderabad Telugu
Kuchipudi
Hindi, Magadhi,
Bihar Patna –
Maithili, Urdu
Chhattisgarh Raipur Chattisgarhi, Panthi, Raut
Hindi Nacha
Goa Panaji Konkani Tarangamel
Hindi, Haryanvi
Haryana Chandigarh –
(regional)
Kinnauri Nati,
Himachal Pradesh Shimla Hindi
Namgen
Dogri, Kashmiri,
Jammu Kashmir Srinagar and Jammu –
Urdu
Jharkhand Ranchi Hindi –
Yakshagana,
Bayalata, Dollu
Karnataka Bangalore Kannada, English
Kunitha,
Veeragaase
Kerala Thiruvananthapuram Malayalam Kathakali
Tertali, Charkula,
Madhya Pradesh Bhopal Hindi
Jawara
Maharashtra Mumbai Marathi Pavri Nach, Lavani
Manipur Imphal Manipuri Manipuri Dance
English, Garo,
Meghalaya Shillong –
Hindi, Khasi, Pnar
Mizoram Aizawl Mizo Cheraw Dance
Chang Lo or Sua
Nagaland Kohima English
Lua
Orissa Bhubaneshwar Oriya Ghumura Dance,
Ruk Mar Nacha (&
Chhau dance)
Punjab Chandigarh Punjabi Bhangra, Giddha
Ghoomar, Kalbelia,
Rajasthan Jaipur Hindi
Bhavai
Nepali, Bhutia,
Sikkim Gangtok Singhi Chham
Gurung
Bharatanatyam,
Tamil Nadu Chennai Tamil Kamandi or Kaman
Pandigai
Kolattam,
Telangana Hyderabad Telugu
Kuchipudi
Tripura Agartala Bengali, Tripuri Hojagiri
Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Hindi, Urdu kathak
Uttarakhand Dehradun Hindi, Sanskrit Barada Nati
Gambhira,
West Bengal Kolkata Bengali, English
Kalikapatadi
Important Falls in India
Water Fall Height in Meters River Location
Kunchikal falls 455 Varahi Karnataka
Langshiang falls 337 Kynshi Meghalaya
Nohkalikai falls 335 - Meghalaya
Nohshgithiang 315 - Meghalaya
Dudhzagar falls 310 Mandovi Goa
Kynoem fulls 305 - Meghalaya
Meenmutty falls 300 Karimpuzha Kerala
Thalaiyar falls 297 Majjalar Tamil Nadu
Barkana falls 259 Sita Karnataka

Barchipani falls 399 Budhabalanga Orissa
Lakes of India
Wular Lake Jammu & Kashmir Sambhar Rajasthan
Lonar Maharashtra Sukhna Chandigarh
Kolleru Andhra Pradesh Parashuram Kund Arunachal Pradesh
Loktak Manipur Pongong Tso Jammu & Kashmir
Dal Lake Jammu & Kashmir Nakki Lake Rajasthan
Naini Tal Uttarakhand Pushkar Lake Rajasthan
Salt Lake Kolkata Udaipur Lake Rajasthan
Chilka Odisha Upper & Lower Lake Bhopal, MP
Pulicut Andhra Pradesh Nizam Sagar Hydera
Vembanad Kayal Kerala Bhim Tal Uttarakhand
Ashtamudi Kerala Tso Morari J&K
Highest Producer states in India
Commodities State
Milk Haryana (karnal)
Coffee Karnataka
Spices Kerala
Eggs Andhra Pradesh
Mango U.P
Tea Assam
Pulses M.P
Rice West Bengal
Cotton West Bengal/ Gujarat / Maharashtra
Wheat U.P
Guava Bihar
Lichi Bihar
Saffron J&K
Orange Maharashtra
Apple J&K
Silver Rajasthan (Udaipur)
Copper Rajasthan (Khetri)
Petroleum Bombay
Leather U.P (Agra)
 Diseases Caused by Virus
Disease Virus Name Spread by
Yellow Fever Flavi Virus By Mosquito bite-
Aedesaegypti
HIV Aids Human Immunodeficiency Sexual Contact
Virus ELISA Test
Nipah Virus Nipah Virus Exposure to Bat & Pig
Ebola Ebola Virus Infected by Animal Bite
Zika Zika Virus Aedes Mosquito
Japanese Encephalitis Japanese Encephalitis By Mosquito Bites

Virus
Polio Polio Virus Contagious Viral Infection
due to poor Sanitation
Covid-19 Corona Virus By contact
RTPCR Test
 Diseases Caused by Bacteria
Disease Name Caused by Spread by
Tuberculosis Mycobacterium In Contact With Infected
Tuberculosis Person
Pneumonia Streptococcus Pneumoniae In Contact With Infected
Person having Cough
Cholera Vibrio Cholerae Contaminated Water
Poor sanitation
Typhoid Salmonella Typhi Contaminated Food &
Water
Leprosy Mycobacterium Laprae In Contact With Infected
Person
 Diseases Caused by Fungi

Ring Worms Skin Contact Humans
Rust of wheat Air/ Seeds Wheat & other crops
Athletiz Foot -- --
Maclura Foot -- --
 Diseases Caused by Protozoa
Kala-Azar SandFlies Humans
Malaria Female Anopheles Humans

Mosquito
Dysentery -- --
Sleeping-Sickness Tsetse Fly Humans
Okra(Ladies Finger) Insects Okra Plant
Anthrax Contact With infected Most Animals including

Meat Humans
Cholera Water/Food Humans
Citrus Canker Air Citrus Fruit Plants
JAMMU AND KASHMIR
• Rauf – by women folk of the Kashmir valley
• Damali/Dhambali - By men; Fading away except special occasions of few
Sufi saints
• Dumhal - By men of Wattal tribe
• Hikat
RAUF DAMALI DUMHAL

LADAKH
• Jabro - Done by Changpas. Integral part of Losar (Tibetan New Year)
• Cham - Component of Buddhist celebrations in Ladakh
• Shondol - Royal dance of Ladakh;
• Spao, Koshan, Lharna
JABRO CHAM SHONDOL

HIMACHAL PRADESH
• Charba - during Dussehra
• Chham - by Buddhist monks
• Thoda - based on martial arts, dance of archery
• Nati, Dangi, Chapeli, Jhora, Jhali, Jhamakhra
NATI DANGI
UTTARAKHAND
• Bhotia Dance, Dandala, Chamfuli, Dhusaka and Dhurang, Badra Nati
• Chholia Dance - by boys and men at marriage processions
• Pandava dance - during Dussehra and Deepawali
• Tharu dance - to welcome newly-married couple
• Chanchari - related to Garhwal and Almora region
• Jhoda dance - specially during Holi
• Hurkiya baul - community dance during sowing season Pandava
Chholia Chanchari
• Bhangra
PUNJAB
• Giddha – Female counterpart of male bhangra
• Jhoomar – by tibal Sikhs. Harvest dance. Movement of arms most
important. Brought in India by traders from Balochistan
• Kikkli
Bhangra Giddha Kikkli

HARYANA
• Loor – by girls
• Phag – by agricultural folk
• Gugga – devotional – Gugga Pir
• Jhumar, Daph, Dhamal, Khoria
LOOR
UTTAR PRADESH
• Raslila – around Radha Krishna and Gopis
• Nautanki, Kajri
• Dadra – semi classical form; popular in coutesans of Lucknow region
Raslila
RAJASTHAN
• Ghoomar – Initially by women of Bhil tribe
• Kalbeliya – moves similar to serpents. ‘Been’ popular instrument.
• Terah Taali, Kachhi Ghodi, Chari, Gair, Kathputli, Neja, Jhulan Leela,
Jhuma, Ghapal, Suisini, Bhavai
Ghumar Kalbeliya Kachhi Ghodi

GUJARAT
• Garba – during Navratra; Garba refers to ’Garbha Deep’ – earthern pot
with holes in which lamp is lit and women dance around in a circle
• Dandiya Ras – Sticks used; depicts mock fight between Durga and
Mahishasur
• Bhavai , Tippani Juriun, Hudo
Garba Dandiya Ras

MAHARASHTRA
• Lavani,
• Koli – by Koli fisher folk
• Lezim, Gafa, Nakata, Dahikala, Dasavtar or Bohada
Lezim Lavani
Chhau ODISHA
• Sangeet Natak Academy recognises 8 classical dances, while Ministry of
Culture recognises Chhau dance also in that list.
• Semi classical with martial, tribal and folk traditions
• Originates from Chhaya meaninig shadow. Vigorous martial movements.
Usually mask in used and based on mythological stories. 3 main styles:
– Mayurbhanj Chhau – Odisha
– Saraikella Chhau – Jharkhand
– Purulia Chhau – West Bengal
• Got inscribed in UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural
Heritage of Humanity in 2010
ODISHA
• Paika – Martial folk dance of Southern Odisha. Word Paika signifies
Battle
• Danda-Jatra (Danda Nata) – one of oldest folk arts of India. Only by
males. Pray Goddess Kali and Lord Shiva during Danda period
• Dalkhai – mostly during Dussehra
• Munari, Savari, Ghumara, Jhumar
Danda-Jatra Paika
WEST BENGAL
• Gambhira, Kirtan Dance, Alkap, Dhali, Jatra, Domni,
Dhunachi, Purulia Chhau
Purulia Chhau Alkap

• Paika , Saraikella Chhau JHARKHAND
• Mundari Dance – usually to celebrate newly married, Mundari tribe
• Damkach Jhumta, Damkach
• Janani Jhumar – during cultivation
• Mardana Jhumar – after harvest
• Karam Naach – Kadam Tree worship, Chhota Nagpur Plateau
• Jhika, Danga, Baroa
Mardana Jhumar Karam Naach Mundari Dance

BIHAR
• Jat-Jatin – especially in Mithila region. Represents affection and quarrel
of married couple
• Bidesia – on social evils
• Jumari – similar to Gujarati garba
• Fagua, Paniki, Bakho-Bakhain, Biraha
• Sohar – on child birth
• Jhijiya - for rain
Jat-Jatin
MADHYA PRADESH
• Jawara – harvest dance, Bundelkhand region. Includes balancing Jawar
basket on head.
• Matki – women solo dance – balancing earthen pots on head. Variants –
Aada Nach, Khada Nach
• Phul Pati – unmarried girls
• Grida, Charkula
Jawara Matki
CHHATTISGARH
• Gaur Maria - men & women of Bison Horn Maria tribe. Imitates
movement of Bison.
• Raut Naach – by Yadav community, during Diwali
• Panthi – by Satnami Community, devotees of Guru Ghasidas
• Saila, Sua, Gendi
Gaur Maria Panthi

Raut Nacha
SIKKIM
• Singhi Chham (Snow Lion Dance) – tribute to Kanchenjunga peak
• Chu Faat – Chu means snow range, Faat means worship
• Yak Chham, Richunma, Maruni
Singhi Chaam Yak Chham

ARUNACHAL PRADESH
• Aji Lamu, Chalo, Hiirii Khaniing, Popir, Ponung, Pasi Kongki,
Rekham Pada, Roppi
Aji Lamu
NAGALAND
• Chang Lo (Sua Lua), Khamba Lim
• Rangma (bamboo dance) – war dance of Nagas
• Zeliang, Khaiva
Chang Lo Zeliang
MANIPUR
• Thang Ta – Martial dance. Thang – Sword, Ta - spear
• Pung Cholom (Drum Dance)
• Luivat Pheizak Dance
• Shim Lam Dance (fly dance)
• Rakhal, Nat Rash, Maha Rash, Raukhat
Thang Ta Pung Cholom

MANIPUR
Luivat Pheizak Dance Shim Lam Dance

MIZORAM
• Cheraw Dance – very old, bamboo sticks used
• Zangtalam, Sarlamkai/Solakia, Chailam
Cheraw Dance
MEGHALYA
• Laho, Shad Suk Mynsiem, Baglaa, Nongkrem
Dance
Laho Nongkrem
TRIPURA
• Bijhu - Bijhu means 'Chaitra-Sankranti’-denotes end of Bengali
calendar year
• Garia – for happy harvest
• Wangala Dance - after harvest
• Lebang Boomani, Hojagiri, Hik-Hak
Hojagiri Wangala
ASSAM
• Bihu – men & women in group. Rapid hand movement.
• Bagurumba (Butterfly dance) – Bodo community
• Deodhani – worship of the snake goddess Manasa
• Bhor Tal Nritya, Jhumur (tea folks), Natpuja, Bichhua,
Hobjanai
Bihu Bagurumba
GOA
• Tarangamel – during Dussehra & Holi. Use of rainbow like costumes
and colorful flags
• Fugdi – in Konkan region, during festivals by women
• Dhangar – during Navratri
• Dekhni, Dhalo, Kunbi, Romta Mel, Corredinho, Bhandap,
Ghode Modni, Ranmale, Goff, Dashavatara
Fugdi Dekhni
KARNATAKA
• Yakshagana - traditional theatre form of dance drama based on
mythological stories and Puranas
• Dollu Kunitha – Kunitha means ritual dance. By shephard
community called Kuruba
• Pata Kunitha – Mysore region. Religious dance by men. Use of long
bamboo poles decorated with ribbons (pata)
• Suggi Kunitha, Puja Kunitha (Bangalore)
• Veeragase, Bhootha Aradhane, Kamsale (Mysore)
Yakshagan Kunitha
ANDHRA PRADESH
• Burrakatha/ Jangam Katha – dance narration
• Butta Bommalu – Butta means basket toys. Dancers wear toy like
masks. West Godavari district.
• Kolattam/ Kolannalu - Stick dance
• Andhra Natyam, Veera Natyam (veerabhadra)
• Mathuri – by Mathuri tribe of Adilabad district
• Garalu, Bathkampa (marriages), Bhamakalpam, Lambadi,
Dhimsa, Dappubagham
ANDHRA PRADESH
Burrakatha
Kolattam
Andhra Natyam
TELANGANA
• Perini Sivatandavam – typical war dance by males
• Burrakatha/ Jangam Katha – dance narration
• Chindu Bhagvatam
• Dappu Nritya, Lambadi, Dhimsa, Mayuri
• Gusadi – by Gondulu tribes
• Tholu Bommalata – shadow puppet
Lambadi
Perini Sivatandavam
KERELA
Mudiyettu (मडु ीयेट्टू)
• Ritual theatre and dance drama of Kerala
• Based on mythological tale of a battle between the
goddess Kali and the demon Darika
UNESCO Representative List of the

Intangible Cultural Heritage of
Humanity in 2010
यनु ेस्को की मानवता की अमतू त साांस्कृततक

ववरासत की प्रतततनधि सचू ी
KERELA
• Mayilattam – Kerala & Tamil Nadu. Mayil means peacock (peacock
dance)
• Kummi – Kerala & Tamil Nadu. By women during Pongal & festivals. No
music, dance on Rhythmic clapping.
• Kaikottikali – temple dance at Onam to celebrate harvest
• Padayani – martial dance in temples of South Kerala. Padayani means
rows of Infantry/soldiers. Dancers wear huge masks (Kolam).
• Kolkali-Parichakali – martial dance in South Kerala & Lakshadweep.
Kol- stick, Paricha – shield. Enact fight sequence with mock weapons
• Theyyam, Koodiyattam, Oppana, Ottam Thulal,Velakali
KERELA
Kummi
Mayilattam
Padayani
TAMIL NADU
• Mayilattam, Kummi, Bommai Attam (Puppet Show)
• Thol Pavai Koothu – 400 year old art, Deerskin/goat skin puppets
perform this dance
• Karakattam - Rain goddess Mariamman is praised
• Puliyattam (Tiger dance)
• Poikkal Kudirai Aattam (dummy horse dance)
• Kai Silambu Attam, Devaraattam, Parai Attam, Kavadi attam,
Oyilattam
TAMIL NADU
Pavai Koothu Karakattam Parai Attam

Tribes in India
CONECPT & STATISTICS

Source of Data
“Statistical Profile of Scheduled Tribes in India 2013”
MINISTRY OF TRIBAL AFFAIRS STATISTICS DIVISION
Government of India
What is a tribe?
❖ The tribe is viewed, developmentally, or historically as a

social group existing before the development of Nation
States, or outside them. A Tribe is a group of distinct
people, dependant on their land for their livelihood, who
are largely self-sufficient, and not integrated into the
National society.
❖ A tribe possesses certain qualities and characteristics that
make it a unique cultural, social, and political entity.
❖ Tribes are also known by the name ‘Adivasis’ in India.

SCHEDULED TRIBES
Article 366 (25) of the Constitution of India defines
Scheduled Tribes.
It refers Scheduled Tribes as those communities, who are

scheduled in accordance with Article 342 of the Constitution
Article 342 provides for specification of tribes or tribal communities or parts of or groups within
tribes or tribal communities which are deemed to be for the purposes of the Constitution the
Scheduled Tribes in relation to that State or Union Territory
Characteristics of Scheduled Tribes
• The list of Scheduled Tribes is State/UT specific
• A community declared as a Scheduled Tribe in a State need not be so in
another State
• The essential characteristics, first laid down by the Lokur Committee
(1965), for a community to be identified as Scheduled Tribes are
a) indications of primitive traits;
b) distinctive culture;
c) shyness of contact with the community at large;
d) geographical isolation; and
e) backwardness.
Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)
• There are certain Scheduled Tribes (75 in number) known as

Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs), who are
characterised by:
a) pre-agriculture level of technology;
b) stagnant or declining population;
c) extremely low literacy; and
d) subsistence level of economy
DISTRIBUTION OF TRIBES
• Scheduled Tribes are notified in 30 States/UTs
• The number of individual ethnic groups, etc. notified as Scheduled

Tribes is 705.
• The tribal population of the country, as per 2011 census, is 10.43

crore, constituting 8.6% of the total population.
• 89.97% of them live in rural areas and 10.03% in urban areas.
• The decadal population growth of the tribal’s from Census 2001 to

2011 has been 23.66% against the 17.69% of the entire population.
DISTRIBUTION OF TRIBES
• The sex ratio for the overall population is 940 females per 1000 males and
that of Scheduled Tribes 990 females per thousand males.
• As per 2011 Census Scheduled Caste population in the country is nearly

double of the Scheduled Tribe population.
• According to 2011 Census of India, BHIL is the most popular tribe with a
total population of 46,18,068 constituting 37.7% of the total ST
population. GOND is the second largest tribe, with a population of
43,57,918 constituting of 35.6%
Geographical Distribution
• Broadly the STs inhabit two distinct geographical area – the Central
India and the North- Eastern Area.
• More than half of the Scheduled Tribe population is concentrated in
Central India, i.e.,
– Madhya Pradesh (14.69%),
– Maharashtra (10.08%),
– Odisha (9.2%),
– Rajasthan (8.86%), Gujarat (8.55%), Jharkhand (8.29%), Chhattisgarh
(7.5%), Andhra Pradesh (5.7%)
• There is no ST population in 5 States & UTs (Delhi NCR, Punjab,
Haryana, Puducherry and Chandigarh), as no Scheduled Tribe is
notified .
Source : Presentation “SCHEDULED TRIBES IN INDIA, Census 2011”
by Registrar General of India, May 2013
Geographical Distribution
• Among States:
– Mizoram has the highest proportion of Scheduled Tribes(94.43)
– Uttar Pradesh has the lowest proportion of Scheduled Tribes (0.57)
• Among UTs:
– Lakshadweep with 94.8 percent of ST Population ranks first
– Daman & Diu has the lowest proportion of STs (6.32).
• With respect to districts:
– Kurung Kumey district of Arunachal Pradesh has the highest proportion of
Scheduled Tribes (98.58)
– Kannauj in Uttar Pradesh has the lowest proportion of Scheduled Tribes (0.0009)
• As per Census 2011, out of 650 districts in the country, 49 districts have
more than 75% of ST population.
Ministry of Tribal Affairs
•Ministry of Tribal Affairs is responsible for the overall development of the scheduled
tribes in India.
•This Ministry was set up in 1999 after the bifurcation of Ministry of Social Justice and
Empowerment .
•In Lok Sabha, 84 seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes and 47 seats for the
Scheduled Tribes
•Shri Arjun Munda (Minister of Tribal Affairs) Smt. Renuka Singh Saruta (Minister of State)
Tribes in India
STATE WISE DISTRIBUTION

Racial Groups of India
Present population of Indian subcontinent has been
divided into four racial groups:
– Negritos
– Proto-Australoids
– Mongoloids
– Mediterraneans
• Negritos
– Perhaps the first of the racial groups that came to India.
– They got settled in the hilly areas of Kerala and the Andaman Islands.
– Negritos have black (dark) skin, woolly hair, broad and flat nose and
slightly protruded jaws.
• Proto-Australoids
– Their sources are Australian aborigines.
– They are settled in the central India.
– Santhal, Bhil, Gond, Munda, Oraon etc. tribes are related to this group.
• Mongoloids-
– Original homeland of this race was Mongolia (China).
– Mongoloids came to India through the passes of northern
and eastern mountain ranges.
– These people are concentrated in the nearby areas of the
Himalayas, e.g. Ladakh, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh and
other areas of the north-eastern India.
– Mongoloids have pale or light pale skin, short height,
comparatively large head, half open eyes, flat face and
broad nose.
– In India, they can be divided into two branches- Paleo-
Mongoloids and Tibeto-Mongoloids
• Mediterraneans
came to India from the south-west Asia. May be divided into -
A. Paleo-Mediterraneans-
– First of the Mediterranean’s race that came to India.
– Perhaps they had begun cultivation for the first time in north-west India.
– The group which came later pushed them towards the central and the
south India.
– At present they comprise most part of population of south India
B. Mediterraneans-
• They developed Indus valley civilization in collaboration with Proto-
Australoids and initiated bronze culture during 2500-1500 BC.
• The group which came later pushed them to Ganga valley and
towards the south of Vindhyas.
• Today, they comprise most of the tribal population in the north
India.
C. Oriental-Mediterraneans- came to India very late - populated

mostly in north-western border areas of Pakistan and Punjab -
found in sufficient number in Rajasthan and western Uttar Pradesh.
State-wise Distribution
STATES/UT TRIBES
JAMMU AND KASHMIR Gujjar, Bakarwal, Bot, Boto, Balti, Gaddi, Purigpa, Sippi,
Changpa, Mon, Garra, Beda
HIMACHAL PRADESH Gaddi, Gujjars, Kanaura, Kinnara, Bhot, Bodh, Pangwala,

Swangla, Lahaula, Jad, Lampa, Domba, Gara, Beta, Beda
UTTRAKHAND Tharu, Jannsari, Buksa, Bhotias, Raji,
UTTAR PRADESH Gond, Kharwar, Tharu, Saharya, Bhotia, Buksa, Chero, Baiga,
Panika, Agariya, Jaunsari, Raji, Bhuiya, Parahiya
LADAKH Changpa
Tharu Tribe Gaddis Tribe
STATES TRIBES
BIHAR Santhal, Gond, Kharwar, Oraon, Tharu, Asur, Agaria, Munda, Patar,
Kharia, Kol, Banjara, Bedia, Baiga
CHATTISGARH Gond, Agariya, Kawar, Kanwar, Oraon, Dhanka, Halba, Halbi,
Korwa, Nagesia, Sawar, Bhaina, Bhattra, Khond, Mawasi, Binjhwar,
Birhors
JHARKHAND Santhals, Oraon, Munda, Ho, Bhumij, Kharia, Kharwar, Lohra,
Mahli, Mal Parhaiya
WEST BENGAL Santal, Oraon, Munda, Bhumij, Bedia, Bhutia, Kora, Kisan, Rabha,
Lodha, Kheria, Mal Pahariya, Mahali, Mech, Limbu (Subba)
ODISHA Kond, Gond, Kolha, Santal, Saora, Munda, Oraon, Shabar,
Bhottada, Bhuiya, Kisan, Paroja, Bhumij
STATES/UT TRIBES
MADHYA PRADESH Bhils, Gond, Korku, Sahariya, Kol, Baiga, Panika, Pardhan,
Mawasi, Saur, Bharia, Khairwar
RAJASTHAN Mina, Bhils, Garasia, Bhil Mina, Sahariya, Damor, Damaria,
Dhanka, Kathodi, Naikda, Nayaka, Patelia
GUJARAT Bhil, Dhodia, Dubla, Rathawa, Varli, Patelia, Naikda, Kokna,
Gamit, Dhanka, Chaudhri
DAMAN & DIU Dubla (Halpati)
DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI Varli, Kokna, Dhodia
MAHARASHTRA Bhil, Gond, Koli Mahadev, Dongar Koli, Varli, Thakur, Kokna,
Kokni, Kathodi, Halba, Andh
GOA Gawda, Velip
Bhil Tribe
Gond Tribe
STATES TRIBES
MIZORAM Lushai, Chakma, Pawi, Hmar, Dimasa, Khasi, Jaintia, Kuki, Lakher, Raba,
Synteng
NAGALAND Naga, Ao, Sema, Lotha, Konyak, Chakhesang, Angami, Zeliang,

Yimchaungre, Rengma, Sangtam, Phom
MEGHALAYA Khasi, Jaintia, Garos, Hajong, Raba, Mikir, Koch
SIKKIM Bhutia, Limboo, Lepchas, Tamang

STATES TRIBES
TRIPURA Tripuri, Tipperia, Riang, Orang, Mag, Chakma, Halam, Jamatia, Khasia,
Lushai
ARUNACHAL Nyishi, Galong, Adi, Tagin, Mishmi, Kaman, Khampti, Apatanis, Abor,
PRADESH Monpa, Wancho, Nissi, Nocte
ASSAM Boro, Miri, Rabha, Karbi, Kachari, Sonwal, Lalung, Garo, Dimasa, Hajong
MANIPUR Thadou, Tangkhul, Poumai Naga, Kabui, Mao, Kacha Naga, Paite, Vaiphei,
Kuki, Meitei
Garo Tribe
Khasi Tribe
STATES TRIBES
ANDHRA Sugalis, Lambadis, Banjara, Koya, Yenadis, Yerukulas, Gond, Naikpod,

PRADESH Konda Dhoras, Kondareddis, Savaras, Chenchu, Kammara
KARNATAKA Naikda, Koli Dhor, Marati, Meda, Gond, Adiyan, Barda, Bhil, Iruliga,
Koraga, Patelia, Yerava, Hasalaru, Soligaru.
TAMIL NADU Malayali, Irular, Kattunayakan, Kurumans, Malakkuravan, Uraly, Toda
KERELA Paniyan, Malai arayan, Kurichchan, Irular, Kanikaran, Kurumans,

Muthuvan, Mavilan, Ulladan
TELANGANA Chenchus
Santhal
Tribe
Toda Tribe
ISLAND REGION
STATES/UT TRIBES
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR Nicobarese, Jarawas, Shompens, Onges,

ISLAND Andamanese, Sentinelese,
LAKSHDWEEP ISLAND Inhabitants of the Lakshadweep who, and both of

whose parents, were born in the Union Territory.
Jarawa Tribe Sentinelese Tribe
Lakshadweep
Tribals
Q. What is the percentage of tribal population in India?
a) 16.6%
b) 8.6%
c) 10.6%
d) None of these
Answer b)8.6%
The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes comprise about
16.6% and 8.6%, respectively, of India’s population (according
to the 2011 census).
Q. Which is the largest tribe in India?
a) Bhil
b) Gond
c) Baiga
d) None of these
Answer a) Bhil
Most populous tribes.
According to the 2011 Census of India, Bhil is the most populous tribe with a
total population of 46,18,068, constituting 37.7 per cent of the total ST
population.
Gond is the second largest tribe, with a population of 43,57,918 constituting

35.6 per cent.
Q. In which state Garo Khasi and Jaintia tribes are located?
a) Assam
b) Meghalaya
c) Madhya Pradesh
d) None of these
Answer b) Meghalaya
Meghalaya comprises Khasi, Garo and Jaintia hills.

The scheduled tribe populations (mainly belonging to khasi, Jaintia and Garo
tribes) constitute 85.53% of the total population.
The Garos inhabit western Meghalaya, the Khasis central Meghalaya and the
Jaintias eastern Meghalaya.
Q. Which Scheduled Tribes is related to Kattha making?
A. Binjhwar
B. Dhanwar
C. Kherwar
D. Bhajwar
Answer: Kherwar
Q. Daphla and Lampo tribes are found in which state?
a) Madhya Pradesh
b) Arunachal Pradesh
c)Rajsathan.
d) None of these
Answer b) Arunachal Pradesh

Q. In which state Kuki tribes live?
a) Manipur
b) Mizoram
c) Arunachal Pradesh
d) None of these
Answer a) Manipur
Kuki Tribes of Manipur are an ethnic group which spread over the vast
areas of North eastern regions of India.
Q. Which state has the largest population of Santhals?
a) Jharkhand
b) Arunachal Pradesh
c) Rajsathan.
d) None of these
Answer a)Jharkhand
The Santal or Saontal (also spelled as Santal, Sontal or Sonthal, are a

scheduled tribe of people indigenous to Terai of Nepal and India, who live
mainly in Nepal and the Indian States of Jharkhand, West Bengal, Bihar,
Odisha, Assam.
Q. Where is the largest residence area of Lepcha and Bhutia tribes
located?
a) Jharkhand
b) Sikkim
c) Orissa
d) None of these
Answer b) Sikkim
Lepchas are the original inhabitants of Sikkim, formerly an independent
kingdom situated in the Himalayas between Nepal and Bhutan.
Q. Which is one of the most backward tribe in Rajasthan?
a) Damor
b) Garasia
c) Sahariya
d) None of these
Answer c) Sahariya
Sahariyas people inhabits mainly in Jungle.

Q. How many tribes are there in Jharkhand?
a) 45
b) 32
c) 42
d) None of these
Answer b) 32 tribes
The tribes of Jharkhand consist of 32 tribes (8 primitive)
The tribes in Jharkhand were originally classified on the basis of their

cultural types by Lalita Prasad Vidyarthi.
Q. How many recognized scheduled tribes are there in Madhya Pradesh?
a) 46
b) 44
c) 42
d) None of these
Answer a) 46
Three of which have been identified as ‘Particularly Vulnerable Tribal

Groups (PTGs)(formerly known as ‘Special Primitive Tribal Groups’).
Q. Which tribal group belongs to north eastern hilly areas of
India?
A. Mongoloid
B. Dravidian
C. Mediteranean
D. Proto Australoid
Answer: Mongoloid
Q. Which is the largest tribe in Orissa?
a) Bagata
b) Kondh
c) Banjara
d) None of these
Answer b) Kondh
Q. Kalbelia’ is dance form, performed by the tribe of the same name in
which state?
a) Madhya Pradesh
b) Rajasthan
c) Uttar Pradesh
d) None of these
Answer b) Rajasthan
Q. Teratali folk dance of Rajasthan, is performed by which tribe?
a) Kamar
b) Baiga
c) Chhau
d) None of these
Answer a) kamar
Q. Bagurumba is a tribal dance of native ‘Bodo tribe’ in which state?
a) Assam
b) Madhya Pradesh
c) Haryana
d) None of these
Answer a) Assam
Q. Which of the following tribes resides in Manipur?
i. Kukis
ii. Nagas
iii. Tangkhul
a) Only i
b) Only ii
c) All I, ii & iii
d) None of these
Answer c) All I, ii & iii

Kukis and Nagas are the major tribe conglomerates. The Nagas in Manipur
are further sub-divided into sub-tribes: Tangkhul, Maram, Poumai, Angami,
Chakhesang, Liangmai, Rongmei, Zeme, and Mao.
Q. Find out the odd one.
a) Poumai- Manipur
b) Garo –Mizoram
c) Dafla – Uttar Pradesh
d) None of these
Answer c) Dafla – Uttar Pradesh

Daphla (or Dafla)Hills is on the border of western Arunachal and
Assam occupied by an independent tribe called Daphla.
Q. Which of the following tribe is related to Bihar?
a) Buksa
b) Raji
c) Birjia
d) None of these
Answer c) Birjia
Buksa, Raji - Uttarakhand
Q. Which of the following tribes in not related to Meghalaya?
a) Hajong
b) Khasi
c) Buksa
d) None of these
Answer c) Buksa
Bhoksa, also known as Buksa, are indigenous peoples living
mainly in the Indian states of Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh
Q. “Andi” and “Oportipi” forms of marriage is related to
which tribe?
A. Ho
B. Paharia
C. Munda
D. Uraon
Answer: Ho
Ho is one of the major tribes of Jharkhand, Odisha, Bihar
Q. Which one of the following tribes of India belongs to
proto australoid race:
a) Irula
b) Khasi
c) Santhal
d) Tharu
Answer: Santhal
Q. Which Scheduled Tribe observes Diwali as an event of
Sorrow ?
A. Sahariya
B. Baga
C. Pahariya
D. Tharu
Answer: Tharu
Q. Sarhul festival is celebrated by which tribe ?
A. Uraon
B. Kamar
C. Bega
D. Gaur
Answer: Uraon
Q. In which state of India resides the maximum number of tribes?
a) Madhya Pradesh
b) Nagaland
c) West Bengal
d) None of these
Answer a) Madhya Pradesh
As per the 2011 census, Madhya Pradesh has the highest ST population. It
has more than 1 crore and 53 lakhs tribals.
It has more than 1.6 crore Schedule Tribe population whom are 21% of
state population according to 2011 census.
Q. Which tribe of Rajasthan earns their living by dancing and
singing ?
a) Garasias
b) Mur
c) Maya
d) Khasi
a) Garasias
Garasia inhabit Rajasthan and Gujarat.

Q. Anuloma and pratiloma marriage is seen in which of the
tribes ?
a) Buxa
b) Jaunsari
c) Lepcha
d) Lushai
a) Buxa, Uttarakhand

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Name Place Connects / Between

Aghil Pass J&K (Karakoram Ladakh & Xinjiang

Haflong Lake Assam Silchar Freshwater High altitude lake

Oxbow Asia’s largest

Nal Sarovar Gujarat

Badkhal Lake Haryana Faridabad Freshwater Man made

Himachal Lahul and Sweetwater

Warm Remnants of past

Madhya. Ramsar site; largest

Salim Ali Lake Maharashtra Aurangabad Freshwater

Famous for cycling

Tam Dil Mizoram Saitual Freshwater --------

Harike Punjab Ferozepur Freshwater

Sambhar largest inland

Tsomgo lake Sikkim East Sikkim Freshwater

Ooty lake Tamilnadu Nilgiris Freshwater

Govind Ballabh Uttar Man-made

Bhimtal Uttarakhand Nainital Freshwater Medium altitude lake

East Calcutta Brackish

Races & Tribes Place

Afrikaner South Africa

Amerinds North America

Badagas Tamil Nadu

Baiga Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha and MP

Bantus Central and Southern Africa

Bedouin Sahara and Middle East

Berbers Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia

Bhils Gujarat, MP, Rajasthan, and Tripura

Biate Assam, Meghalaya and Mizoram

Bindibu Western Australia

Birhor Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Odisha

Boers South Africa

Bokar Lhoba Arunachal Pradesh and Assam

Chenchus Andhra Pradesh, Odisha and Karnataka

Chukchi NE Asia, USSR, North Siberia

Cossacks Southern & Eastern parts of Russia

Eskimos Greenland, North Canada, Alaska, N Siberia

Fulani Western Africa

Gaucho Uruguay and Argentina

Gonds Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Andhra

Guicas Amazon forest area

Hamites North-West Africa

Hausa North Nigeria

Hotten tots Africa

Ibanas Equatorial rain forest region of SouthEast

Irula Tamil Nadu

Jaintias Meghalaya and Assam

Jivaroan Loreto and San Martin, Peru

Kalmuk Central Asia

Kampti Arunachal Pradesh

Kankar Tamil Nadu

Kharia Madhya Pradesh

Khasa Madhya Pradesh

Khasis Meghalaya and Tripura

Khovas Arunachal Pradesh

Kirghiz Asiatic steppes

Kol Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra

Kolam Andhra Pradesh

Korba Bihar and Chhattisgarh

Koryakas North Siberia, Eurasian

Kotas Tamil Nadu

Kuki Manipur, Assam, Nagaland and Tripura