Volte mos value

analysis experience

Sirius Shi
2017-02-20
Polqa & MOS
› POLQA has been selected from the ITU-T voice quality testing standard and is
being used with HD voice, 3G and 4G/LTE.
› Voice quality is measured by POLQA SWB algorithm
› Mean Opinion Score is the assessment value of listening quality objective
› The range of MOS value is from 1 to 5. The below table shows the scores and
their meanings.
MOS Quality Impairment
5 Excellent Imperceptible
4 Good Perceptible but not annoying
3 Fair Slightly annoying
2 Poor Annoying
1 Bad Very annoying
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MOS influence factor-codec

› At the same RF condition, AMR-WB score is much better than AMR-NB score
› At the same AWR-WB mode, the higher the codec rate, the better the MOS
value
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 MOS statistics

Sample Numb MOS Ave MOS<3

563 3.75 9.24%
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Low Mos value analysis
› Below causes lead to low
MOS value
- CSFB/ESRVCC to GSM
 Weak coverage
 Site alarm
- RRC reestablishment
 Radio link failure
 RRC connection reconfiguration
failure
 Handover failure
 Other failure
- Handover
- Miscellaneous

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Handover cause low MOS
› Observation
- Low MOS value points generally are isolated points.
- During MOS value measurement period 8s, the successful handover in MO/MT is happened.
- Not every handover will lead to low MOS value point.
› Discovery
- Low MOS values are accompanied by RTP packet loss, they have a strong correlation.

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Handover & RTP packet loss

› Handover is usually accompanied by RTP packet loss.

› The main causes of RTP packet loss
- RTP Network Loss
- QDJ Underflow
› RTP Network Loss is mainly the packet loss of air interface, so UE does not
receive the packets.
› QDJ Underflow (Qualcomm) does not cause UE lost packet, but packets
delayed.

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RTP packet loss analysis
-QDJ underflow
1 3

UE received a voice packet, the frame number is 161508 UE received the next packet, the frame number is 161522
(18:19:19:121), SEQ=1057，RTP time stamp is 634240. (18:19:19:121), SEQ=1058, RTP time stamp is 634560.
2 4

This voice packet dequeued from QDJ queue at frame This voice packet dequeued from QDJ queue at frame
161573(18:19:19.160), and sent to audio decoder. 161606 (18:19:19.180), and sent to audio decoder.
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RTP packet loss analysis
-QDJ underflow
5 7

This voice packet dequeued from QDJ queue at frame 161846

After that, UE didn’t receive the packet, report “RTP Packet (18:19:19.260), and sent to audio decoder.
Loss” at the frame 161744(18:19:19.241).
6
› The root cause of this marked “RTP
packet loss” is that the time interval
of the receiving party received
packet is too long. This time delay
was caused by the jitter buffer.
Until the frame number is 161751(18:19:19:241), UE received
a packet, SEQ=1059, RTP time stamp is 634880. SEQ time
interval between 1058 and 1059 is 120ms.
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 Adaptive jitter buffer
› Case1: Jitter buffer overrun › Case2: Jitter buffer underrun
missing
Adaptive jitter buffer
4 11 10 7 7
9 8 6 5 2 1 6 5 2 1

Qsize: 6*20=120ms
Next 20ms
Target delay (waiting time): 5*20=100ms
Next 20ms 4 7
12 3 6 5
11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4
Qsize**: 3*20=60ms
Will be dropped in JBM Qsize: 8*20=160ms Target delay: 5*20=100ms
Target delay: 5*20=100ms
Playout speed > Input speed
3 Delayed Packet Loss: error concealment
Playout speed < Input speed **Q Size: Depth of QDJ at the time of each packet dequeuer (Qualcomm)
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conclusion

› The packet need not have been lost on the way to the receiving party. It may
just have been delayed too long, so that it was delayed or discarded by the jitter
buffer. QDJ underflow means packet was delayed by the jitter buffer, but still
received by UE.
› Highly likely jitter buffer delayed packets or drops delayed packet leading to
degradation of POLQA score.
› Handover event and delayed packet size in queue for de-jittering has strong
correlation.

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Acknowledgements

› Many thanks to Lin Dong and Frank Zhao E for their great help and support.

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