ACTIVITY 2.

4
Q.1. Why do the isotopes of an element have different atomic masses?
Ans. Isotopes differ in no of neutrons . as mass number in defined as sum of no of protons and
neutrons present in an atom .Difference in no of neutrons result in formation of isotopes of an
element .
Q.2. How many neutrons are present in C-12 and C-13?
Ans. C-12 contains 6 neutrons and C- 13 have 7 neutrons.
Q.3. Which of the isotopes of hydrogen contains greater number of neutrons?
Ans. Tritium,3H contains largest number of neutrons (2) among all isotopes of hydrogen.
Q.4. Give one example each of the use of radioactive isotope in medicine and radiotherapy?
Ans. Application of radioisotopes in medicine :
Technetium is used to monitor the bone- growth.
Application of radioisptopes in radiotherapy;
CO-60 is used to treat cancer within the body becasue it emits strongly penetrating
gamma says.
Q.5. How is the goiter in thyroid gland detected?
Ans.Isotopes iodine -131 are used for diagnosis of goiter in thyroid gland.
Q.6. Define nuclear fission reaction?
Ans. Nuclear fission reaction are those reaction in which a heavy nuclear splits up into two
or more smaller nuclei. These reactions release a large amount of energy for example;
235 139
U+10n Ba +94kr+310|n+energy
92 56 36
Q.7. When U-235 breaks up ,it produced a large amount of energy. How is this energy
used ?
Ans. A large amount of energy is released which is used to convert water into steam in
boilers . the steam then drives the turbines to generate the electricity. This is the peaceful use
of atomic energy for development of a nation.
Q.8. How many neutrons are produced fission reaction of U-235 ?
Ans. Reaction of U-235;
235
U+10n 139
Ba+94kr+310n+energy
92 56 36
3. Neutrons are released in the fission reaction of U-235.
Q.9. U-325 fission produces two atoms of which element?
Ans. In fission reaction of U-235 Uranium nuclei split up into barium & krypton.
235
U+10n 139
Ba+14kr+311n+energy
92 56 36