Cloud

Virtualization

WELCOME TO CLASS 4!
 Age nda
• Introduction to Virtualization

• Virtual Machines (VMs)

• Containers

• Dockers

• Types of Virtualization
Introduction to Virtua liza tion
• Introduction to Virtualization

• Definition of virtualization and its significance in the modern computing landscape.

• Different types of virtualization: server, desktop, application, network, and storage

virtualization.

• Benefits and challenges of virtualization.

3
 Wha t is Cloud Virtua liza tion?
• Virtualization is the process of creating a virtual (rather than physical) version of a
computing resource, such as a server, operating system, storage device, or network.

• It involves separating the physical infrastructure from the logical components, allowing
multiple virtual instances to run independently on the same physical hardware.

• Virtualization enables the efficient utilization of computing resources by abstracting the

underlying hardware and providing an isolated and self-contained environment for each
virtual instance.

• This abstraction allows multiple virtual machines (VMs) or virtual environments to coexist
on a single physical server, sharing the available resources such as CPU, memory, and
storage.

Source: adapted from: https://www.dnsstuff.com/virtualization-technology-cloud-computing-types

Be ne fits of Virtua liza tion

Increased Hardware Cost Savings Enhanced Scalability Improved Disaster Efficient Testing and
Utilization and Flexibility Recovery and Business Development
Continuity

5
Ke y Com pone nts of Virtua liza tion
• Hypervisor (also called Virtual Machine Monitor – VMM)

• Virtual machines (VMs)

• Virtual Network

• Virtual Storage

• Orchestration & Management

• Templates and Images

• Virtualization-aware Applications and Services

6
 Hype rvis or
• The hypervisor, also known as a virtual
machine monitor (VMM), is a software or
firmware layer that creates and manages
virtual machines (VMs) on the physical
hardware.

• It abstracts the underlying physical

resources and enables the execution of
multiple VMs on a single physical server.

• The hypervisor provides isolation, resource

allocation, and control over the virtualized
infrastructure.

Source: adapted from: https://www.vmware.com/topics/glossary/content/cloud-hypervisor.html

Virtua l Ma chine s (VMs )
• VMs are the virtual instances created by
the hypervisor. Each VM operates as an
independent virtual computer with its
own operating system, applications, and
allocated resources (CPU, memory,
storage, and network).

• VMs offer flexibility, scalability, and

portability by decoupling the software
environment from the physical
hardware.

8
Virtua l Ne tworks
• Virtual networks provide virtualized networking
infrastructure within the cloud environment.
They enable communication and connectivity
between VMs, applications, and services
running in the cloud.

• Virtual networks can be configured, managed,

and isolated to ensure secure and efficient
network traffic within the cloud infrastructure.

9
Virtua l Stora ge
• Virtual storage refers to the virtualized storage
resources within the cloud.

• It allows the allocation, management, and

access of storage capacity to VMs and
applications.

• Virtual storage can be dynamically provisioned

and scaled to meet changing storage
requirements.

• It may include technologies such as storage

area networks (SAN), network-attached storage
(NAS), or object storage.

10
Orche s tra tion & Ma na ge m e nt Tools

• Cloud virtualization requires robust management and

orchestration tools to efficiently provision, monitor,
and manage the virtualized resources.

• These tools provide capabilities for resource

allocation, performance monitoring, scaling,
automation, and configuration management.

• They enable administrators to effectively manage

and optimize the virtualized infrastructure.

11
Te m p la te s a nd Im a ge s

• Cloud virtualization often leverages pre-configured

templates and images to streamline the deployment
of virtual machines and applications.

• Templates are pre-defined configurations for VMs

that can be quickly provisioned, while images are
snapshots or copies of VMs or application
environments that can be used as templates for
future deployments.

12
 Conta ine riza tion
• Containerization is a form of virtualization that enables the creation and deployment of lightweight, isolated software containers.
Containers provide a consistent and portable environment for running applications along with their dependencies and configuration
settings.

• Key Components of Containerization:

o Container: A container is a standalone, self-contained unit that encapsulates an application and its dependencies. It includes the
application code, runtime, system tools, libraries, and settings required for the application to run. Containers are isolated from each
other and the underlying host system, providing consistent behaviour across different computing environments.

o Container Image: A container image is a lightweight, read-only file that serves as the blueprint for creating containers. It contains
the necessary files, libraries, and instructions to run a specific application or service. Images are typically built from a base image
and customized with additional layers that define the application-specific components and configurations.

o Containerization Engine/Runtime: The containerization engine or runtime is the software that runs and manages containers. It
provides the necessary tools and services to create, deploy, and manage containers on a host system. Popular containerization
runtimes include Docker, containerd, and CRI-O.

13
Source: adapted from: https://www.ibm.com/topics/containerization
Why Conta ine rs vs .
Virtua liza tion?
Lightweight

Improved performance

Scalability

Portability

Resource utilization

Faster deployment and startup

Isolation

Ecosystem and tooling

14
Docke r
• Docker is an open-source
containerization platform that allows
you to package and distribute
applications along with their
dependencies into standardized
containers.

• Docker provides a lightweight and

efficient way to isolate and manage
applications, enabling easy
deployment across different
environments.
15
Bre a k (15 Minute s )

16
Types of Virtualization

17
 Server Virtualization

Key players in server

Hypervisors: Type 1 (bare-
virtualization: VMware Virtual machine (VM)
metal) and Type 2 (hosted)
vSphere, Microsoft Hyper-V, creation and management.
hypervisors.
KVM, and Xen.

Resource allocation and High availability and fault Live migration and dynamic
optimization. tolerance. resource allocation.

18
 De s ktop Virtua liza tion

VIRTUAL DESKTOP DESKTOP AS A SERVICE REMOTE DESKTOP SERVICES APPLICATION USER EXPERIENCE AND
INFRASTRUCTURE (VDI) (DAAS) (RDS) AND SESSION VIRTUALIZATION PERFORMANCE
VIRTUALIZATION.\ CONSIDERATIONS

19
 Applica tion Virtua liza tion
• Isolation and encapsulation of applications.

• Containerization with technologies like Docker.

• Benefits of application virtualization, such as simplified deployment and scalability.

• Comparison to traditional software installation.

20
 Ne twork Virtua liza tion
• Virtual LANs (VLANs) and their purpose.

• Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and its impact on network virtualization.

• Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and its benefits.

• Network virtualization use cases and examples.

21
 Stora ge Virtua liza tion

Storage Area Networks (SANs) and Network Attached Storage (NAS).

Storage virtualization technologies, such as Storage Virtualization Appliances

(SVAs).

Benefits of storage virtualization, including increased flexibility and scalability.

Data migration and data protection in virtualized storage environments.

22
 Security and Management in
Virtualized Environments

SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS IN BACKUP AND DISASTER MONITORING AND AUTOMATION AND

VIRTUALIZATION, INCLUDING RECOVERY STRATEGIES FOR MANAGEMENT TOOLS FOR ORCHESTRATION IN VIRTUALIZED
ISOLATION AND HYPERVISOR VIRTUALIZED ENVIRONMENTS. VIRTUALIZED INFRASTRUCTURES. ENVIRONMENTS.
SECURITY.

23
Wra p up
• Q&A

• What’s 1 thing you learned?

• What’s 1 challenge?

24
 Re fe re nce s
• Images [Slide 1,2, 5 ,17, 18 , 21-22]: used under license from Microsoft PowerPoint stock images.

• Slide 7: (n.d.). Cloud. Cloud. https://www.nutanix.com/content/dam/nutanix-newsroom/what-is-virtual-desktop-infrastructure/img-hypervisor.png

• Slide 8: (n.d.). Cloud. Cloud. https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/computing/what-is-a-virtual-machine.html

• Slide 9: (n.d.). Cloud. Cloud. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_fundamentals/computer_networking.htm

• Slide 10: (n.d.). Cloud. Cloud. https://stormagic.com/resources/beginners-guides/virtualized-storage-beginners-guide/

• Slide 11: (n.d.). Cloud. Cloud. https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/cloud/what-is-cloud-orchestration/jcr:content/Grid/category_atl/layout-category-

atl/anchor_info.img.jpg/1644936985829.jpg

• Slide 12: (n.d.). Cloud. Cloud. https://masteringvmware.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Template.png

• Slide 15: (n.d.). Cloud. Cloud. https://www.ais.com/dockerization-of-azure-paas-beyond-azure-container-service/

• Image [Slide 16] 2020 "Woman Sitting on Bench Looking at Mountains" by Yan Krukau used under free license from Pexels.

25