VRDVD[HC VAOACEPEHO PEO@HNHO NACH[ (VPN)

VAOARHVHO VAGBACHLHRHO PAGHPEN BARBH[E[ NDDVARHPEI

QOPQN GAOEOJNHPNHO NAHNPEIHO @HO VRA[PH[E BACHLHR
[E[ZH NACH[ EEE [@O 68 GHOJQMHRLD NDPH GH@EQO

@esusuo uotun gagaoume tujhs ghth nucehm Vaoaceteho Peo`hnho Nachs yhoj `ehgpu
dcam @rs. A`y [eswhotd, G.V`

@esusuo dcam <

RA[PHOPE ZQCHO[HRE
OVG. 65.808.8:: / YEE A

VRDJRHG [PQ@E VAO@E@ENHO JQRQ [ANDCHM @H[HR

IHNQCPH[ ECGQ VAO@E@ENHO
ENEV VJRE GH@EQO
268;
 NHPH VAOJHOPHR

Vule syunur Hcmhg`ucecchm nhge pholhtnho naph`h Hcchm [ZP hths cegphmho rhmght,
thuien, me`hyhm sarth eohyhm-Oyh, sameojjh ph`h nasagphtho yhoj bhen eoe, paouces ghsem
`ebare nasamhtho `ho nanuhtho uotun `hpht gaoyusuo `ho gaoyacashenho prdpdshc Vaoaceteho

Peo`hnho Nachs (VPN).

Va
Vaou
ouce
cess `hch
`hchg
g gaoy
gaoyus
usuo
uo chpd
chpdrh
rho
o VPN
VPN eo
eoee te`h
te`hn
n ca
caph
phss `h
`hre
re ba
baba
barh
rhph
ph uo
uosu
surr
pao`unuoj, uotun etuchm paouces gaojukhpnho taregh nhsem hths narlhshgh yhoj bhen `ho
mhrgdoes `aojho phrh uosur tarsabut, sameojjh tarsusuochm chpdrho eoe. Vh`h nasagphtho eoe
parnaohonhochm nhge gaoyhgphenho ukhpho taregh nhsem naph`h
naph`h <
8. Naphch
Naphch [andc
[andchm
hm @hshr
@hshr Oajare
Oajare 68 Ghoju
Ghojumhr
mhrld
ld Nakhght
Nakhghtho
ho Ghojum
Ghojumhrl
hrld
d Ndth Gh`eu
Gh`euo
o
yhoj tachm gagbhotu `ho gagbarenho ihseceths shrhoh `ho prhshrhoh sakunupoyh.
2. Bhphn/
Bhphn/Ebu
Ebu juru
juru basart
basarthh sthi [@O 68 Ghojum
Ghojumhrl
hrld
d yhoj tachm
tachm barsa`
barsa`eh
eh gachyh
gachyhoe
oe nhge
nhge
`aojho saohoj mhte `hchg pachnshohho najehtho pagbachlhrho

;. [agu
[aguhh pemh
pemhn
n yh
yhoj
oj te`hn
te`hn `hpht
`hpht nh
nhge
ge sabutn
sabutnho
ho shtu-p
shtu-pars
arsht
htu
u yh
yhoj
oj tachm
tachm gagb
gagbho
hotu
tu
`hchg paoyusuo chpdrho eoe
Nhgee gaoyh`
Nhg gaoyh`hre
hre sapaou
sapaoumoy
moyhh bhmwh
bhmwh chpdrh
chpdrho
o eoe ghsem
ghsem lhum
lhum `hre
`hre nasagp
nasagpuro
urohho
hho
nhraohh natarbhthsho
nhrao natarbhthsho paojathmuho
paojathmuho `ho naghgpuho paouces. Ghnh `aojho narao`hmho
narao`hmho mhte
nhge gaojmhrhpnho nreten `ho shrho yhoj pdsetei `hre pagbhkh `age nasagpurohho `ho
nacaojnhpho chpdrho eoe.
[agd
[agdjh
jh chpd
chpdrho
rho eo
eoee `h
`hph
phtt ba
barg
rgho
hoihh
ihhtt `h
`ho
o ba
barj
rjuo
uohh bh
bhje
je ne
neth
th ta
tagh
gho
o ‛ ta
tagh
gho
o
ghmhseswh sarts phrh juru [andchm @hshr `ho sate`hn-te`hnoyh gaolh`e raiaraose uotun cabem
gaoeojnhtnho prdss pagbachlhrho `e nachs.

Gh`euo, @asagbar 2682

Vaouces
 @HIPHR E[E

MHCHGHO LQ@QC......................................
LQ@QC............................................................
............................................
.............................................
.........................
.. e
NHPH VAOJHOPHR...........................
VAOJHOPHR.................................................
............................................
........................................................
.................................. ee
@HIPHR E[E..........................................
E[E................................................................
............................................
...............................................
.................................
........ eee

BHB E VAO@HMQCQHO............................
VAO@HMQCQHO..................................................
......................................................................
.................................................. 8
H. Chthr Bachnhoj Ghshchm........
Ghshchm.............
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..............
..................
...................
............ 8
B. Rugusho
Rugusho Ghshchm.....
Ghshchm..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..............
............
... ;
K. Puluho
Puluho Vaoaceteho..
Vaoaceteho.......
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..............
...................
.............
... ;
@. Mepdtases
Mepdtases Vaoaceteho.
Vaoaceteho......
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
...............
...................
.................
........ ;
A. Ghoihht
Ghoihht Vaoaceteho..
Vaoaceteho.......
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
............
................
.................
........ ;
BHB EE NHLEHO PADRE........................................
PADRE..............................................................
.............................................................
....................................... 1
H. Vagbachlhrho
Vagbachlhrho Paghten...
Paghten........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..............
..................
............
... 1
B. Gd`ac Vagbachlhrho
Vagbachlhrho Nddparhtei.
Nddparhtei......
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.............
........ 9

K. Nahnteiho
Nahnteiho Bachlhr.....
Bachlhr..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
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.............
... :
@. Vrasthse Bachlhr.....
Bachlhr.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
............
................
...................
.......... 5
BHB EEE GAPD@A VAOACEPEHO.................................
VAOACEPEHO.......................................................
.....................................................
............................... 86
H. Rhokhojho
Rhokhojho Vaoaceteho..
Vaoaceteho.......
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.............
.................
..................
................
....... 86
B. Cdnhse
Cdnhse `ho Zhntu Vaoaceteho.
Vaoaceteho......
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
...............
.............
... 86
K. Vrdsa`ur
Vrdsa`ur Vaoaceteho..
Vaoaceteho.......
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.............
.................
......... 86
@. Eostrugaot
Eostrugaot Vaoaceteho..
Vaoaceteho.......
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..............
..............
..... 82
A. Panoen
Panoen Vaojugpucho
Vaojugpucho @hth......
@hth...........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..............
...................
.................
....... 82
I. Panoen
Panoen Hohceses @hth.........
@hth..............
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
...........
................
...................
...........
.. 8;

@HIPHR VQ[PHNH................................
VQ[PHNH......................................................
............................................
....................................................
.............................. 80
 BHB E
VAO@HMQCQHO

H. Chthr
Chthr Bachn
Bachnhoj
hoj Ghsh
Ghshchm
chm
Bach
Bachlh
lhrr garu
garuph
phnh
nho
o suhtu
suhtu na
nabu
butu
tumh
mho
o ghou
ghouse
sehh yh
yhoj
oj ve
veth
thcc `h
`hch
chg
g up
uphy
hyhh

gagparthmhonho sarth gaojagbhojnho pdtaose yhoj h`h `hchg `ere ghouseh. Bachlhr
lujh garuphnho suhtu nabutumho ghouseh yhoj te`hn tarbhths h`hoyh. Ghouseh
`etuot
`etuotut
ut uotun
uotun tarus
tarus bachlh
bachlhrr sabhjh
sabhjhee up
uphyh
hyh gagpar
gagparthm
thmhon
honho
ho `ere
`ere saereo
saereoj
j `aojho
`aojho
pashtoyh parnagbhojho ecgu paojathmuho `ho tanodcdje. Phoph bachlhr, ghouseh
hnho
hnho gaojhc
gaojhchge
hge nasuce
nasucetho
tho `hchg
`hchg gaoyas
gaoyasuhe
uhenho
nho `ere
`ere `aojho
`aojho ceojnu
ceojnuojh
ojho
o nhraoh
nhraoh
ndo`es
ndo`esee ceojnu
ceojnuojh
ojho
o yhoj
yhoj saohote
saohotehsh
hsh barubh
barubhm.
m. @aojho
@aojho `agene
`ageneho
ho bachlhr
bachlhr gaolh`
gaolh`ee
nabutumho paoteoj sapholhoj useh ghouseh, `hre salhn chmer meojjh hnmer mhyhtoyh.
Bachlhr ph`h mhnenhtoyh h`hchm prdsas eotarhnse tarmh`hp saguh setuhse yhoj
h`h `e saneth
sanethrr eo`eve
eo`eve`u.
`u. Bachlh
Bachlhrr `hpht
`hpht `epho`
`epho`hoj
hoj sabhjh
sabhjhee prdsas
prdsas yhoj
yhoj `ehrhm
`ehrhmnho
nho

na
naph
ph`h
`h tu
tulu
luho
ho `h
`hoo pr
prds
dsas
as ba
barb
rbuh
uhtt gachc
gachcue
ue ba
barb
rbhj
hjhe
he pa
paoj
ojhc
hchg
hgho
ho.. Bach
Bachlh
lhrr lu
lujh
jh
garuphnho
garuphnho prdsas gacemht,
gacemht, gaojhghte,
gaojhghte, `ho gaghmhge
gaghmhge sasuhtu ([u`lhoh,
([u`lhoh, 85=5<
85=5< 2=).
Najeht
Najehtho
ho pagbac
pagbachlh
hlhrho
rho `echnu
`echnunho
nho dcam
dcam `uh drhoj
drhoj pachnu
pachnu,, yhetu
yhetu juru
juru `ho seswh.
seswh.
Varechnu juru h`hchm gaojhlhr `ho parechnu seswh h`hchm bachlhr.
Najeht
Najehtho
ho pagbac
pagbachlh
hlhrho
rho `hchg
`hchg NP[V
NP[V ph`h
ph`h `hshro
`hshroyh
yh gaojut
gaojuthgh
hghnho
nho ph`h
ph`h
ndgpat
ndgpataose
aose yhoj
yhoj `ekhph
`ekhphee seswh
seswh sameoj
sameojjh
jh pagbac
pagbachlhr
hlhrho
ho cabem
cabem barpus
barpusht
ht ph`h
ph`h seswh
seswh
(stu`aot-kaotara`). [eswh `etuotut uotun hntei `hchg gagbhojuo paojathmuho `ho
paghmhghooyh sao`ere. Najehtho pagbachlhrho yhoj `echnunho gagarcunho ndosap
yhoj gaojhetnho pagbachlhrho `aojho rahceth name`upho oyhth sameojjh paojathmuho

`ho paghmhgho seswh hnho tarbaotun `aojho sao`ereoyh.

Vh`h `hshroyh tuluho pagbachlhrho h`hchm hjhr pasarth `e`en `hpht gaokhphe
eo`enh
eo`enhtdr
tdr sasuhe
sasuhe ndgpat
ndgpataos
aosee yhoj
yhoj tachm
tachm `etaot
`etaotunh
unho.
o. @hchg
@hchg suhtu
suhtu nachs
nachs tarnug
tarnugpuc
puc
pasarth `e`en `aojho naghgpuho yhoj barba`h-ba`h, bhen `hchg saje nakar`hsho,
bhnht ghupuo naghgpuho gaoaregh ghtare pachlhrho. [ameojjh `eparcunho
paojdrjhoeshseho ghtare pagbachlhrho hjhr ghtare yhoj `eshgphenho `hpht tarkhphe.
@hch
@hchg
g pr
prds
dsas
as pa
pagb
gbac
achl
hlhrh
hrho,
o, ju
juru
ru gaga
gagajh
jhoj
oj pa
parho
rhoho
ho pa
paot
oteo
eoj
j `h
`hch
chg
g
gaokepthnho nabarmhsecho prdsas pagbachlhrho tarsabut. Juru `etuotut uotun ghgpu
gaokepthnho pagbachlhrho yhoj gaohren sameojjh gaougbumnho geoht `ho hotusehs

`hre seswh uotun barphrtesephse

barphrtesephse hntei `hchg prdsas pagbachlhrho.
pagbachlhrho. [ameojjh
[ameojjh tuluho
pagbachlhrho yhoj `eraokhohnho `ho `emhrhpnho `hpht tarkhphe `aojho ghnseghc.
ghnseghc.
 Gaourut Laho Vehjat (`hchg Prehotd, 2688< 19), parnagbhojho ndjoetei hohn
`ebhje gaolh`e 0 thmhpho yhetu< (8) Phmhp saosdregdtdr yhnoe parnagbhojho rhohm
ndjo
ndjoet
etei
ei yhoj
yhoj tarl
tarlh`
h`ee ph`h
ph`h useh
useh 6-
6-2
2 thmu
thmuo.
o. (2
(2)) Phmh
Phmhp
p pr
prh-
h-dp
dpar
arhs
hsed
edoh
ohcc yh
yhno
noee
parnagbhojho rhohm ndjoetei yhoj tarlh`e ph`h useh 2-0 thmuo. (;) Phmhp ndonrat
dparhsedohc yhnoe parnagbhojho rhohm ndjoetei yhoj tarlh`e ph`h useh :-88 thmuo. (0)

Phmhp idrghc dparhsedohc yhnoe parnagbhojho rhohm ndjoetei yhoj tarlh`e ph`h useh
88-81 thmuo. Khrh bariener ph`h hohn useh sandchm `hshr barh`h ph`h thmhp yhoj
na
nate
tejh
jh.. @e
@egh
ghoh
oh pa
pasar
sarth
th `e`e
`e`en
n ghsem
ghsem ba
barie
riene
nerr sa
sakhr
khrhh nd
ndon
onre
ret.
t. [a
[ame
meoj
ojjh
jh `h
`hch
chg
g
paohohgho ghtare ph`h `ere pasarth `e`en, pao`e`en gaojhrhmnho ph`h pagbachlhrho
yhoj barghnoh bhje pasarth `e`en `aojho gaojhetnho ghtare pagbachlhrho `aojho
name`upho oyhth. [ameojjh tarkepth pagbachlhrho yhoj gaoyaohojnho `ho barghnoh
bhje pasarth `e`en.
Naje
Najeht
htho
ho pagb
pagbac
achl
hlhr
hrho
ho ph`h
ph`h nach
nachss ra
rao`
o`hm
hm ca
cabe
bem
m `e
`edr
drea
eaot
oths
hsen
enho
ho ph
ph`h
`h
pagbachlhrho taghten `aojho gaojjhbuojnho babarhph ghth pachlhrho gaolh`e shtu

tagh. Pagh yhoj `ebarenho

`ebarenho garu
garuphnho
phnho jhjhsho
jhjhsho penerho hthu
hthu pdndn penerho
penerho yhoj
gaolh`ee tdpen pagbhmhsho
gaolh` pagbhmhsho (Prehotd,
(Prehotd, 2688<
2688< 8;5). @aojho paojjhbuoj
paojjhbuojho
ho babarhph
babarhph
ghth pachlhrho gaolh`e shtu tagh gagu`hmnho seswh uotun gagushtnho parmhteho
ph`h shtu tagh yhoj hnho `epachlhre. [acheo etu, `aojho h`hoyh paojjhbuojho ghth
pachlhrho `hchg shtu tagh tarsabut ghnh pasarth `e`en `hpht gaojagbhojnho
naghgpuho `ereoyh te`hn mhoyh taridnus ph`h shtu ghth pachlhrho shlh tathpe pasarth
`e`en
`e`en sanhce
sanhcejus
jus `hpht
`hpht gaojag
gaojagbho
bhojnh
jnho
o naghgp
naghgpuho
uho `ereoy
`ereoyhh ph`h
ph`h ghth
ghth pachlhr
pachlhrho
ho
cheooyh.
Ohguo ihnth yhoj h`h `e chphojho gagbuntenho, ghsem bhoyhn sandchm yhoj

yhoj bacug
yhoj bacug gaoarhp
gaoarhpnho
nho pagbac
pagbachlhr
hlhrho
ho taghten
taghten nmususo
nmususoyh
yh uotun
uotun nachs
nachs rao`hm
rao`hm..
Vagbachlhrho yhoj h`h shht eoe ghsem gageshm-geshmnho hothrh ghth pachlhrho yhoj
shtu `aojho ghth pachlhrho yhoj cheooyh. Vrdsas pagbachlhrho yhoj barchojsuoj lujh
bacug bardreaothse ph`h seswh. Vrdsas pagbachlhrho ghsem gaojjuohnho gatd`a
ndovaosedo
ndovaosedohc
hc `ho juru kao`aruoj
kao`aruoj sabhjhe shtu-shtuoyh
shtu-shtuoyh sugbar bachlhr,
bachlhr, sameojjh
sameojjh
seswh nurhoj hntei `hchg prdsas pagbachlhrho. [acheo etu, juru nurhoj gaghoihhtnho
ga`eh pagbachlhrho yhoj h`h. Juru gagbarenho eoidrghse sakhrh cesho `ho mhoyh
sabhths tadre shlh. Vh`hmhc uotun hohn sauseh [@ nachs 8-; ghsem barh`h ph`h thmhp
dp
dparh
arhsed
sedoh
ohcc nd
ndon
onre
ret,
t, sameo
sameojj
jjhh `ebu
`ebutu
tumn
mnho
ho ga`e
ga`ehh uo
uotu
tun
n ghta
ghtare-
re-gh
ghtar
taree yh
yhoj
oj

gagbutumnho bao`h-bao`h oyhth.

 Bar`hs
Bar`hshrn
hrnho
ho ihnth
ihnth `eh
`ehths,
ths, paoace
paoacete
te gaojh`
gaojh`hnh
hnho
o paoace
paoaceteho
teho yhoj
yhoj barlu`
barlu`uc
uc
–V
–Vao
aoar
arhp
hpho
ho Vagb
Vagbac
achlh
hlhrh
rho
o Pagh
Paghten
ten Barb
Barbhse
hsess Nddp
Nddparh
arhte
teii uo
uotu
tun
n Gaoe
Gaoeoj
ojnh
nhtn
tnho
ho
Nahnteiho `ho Vrasthse Bachlhr [eswh Nachs EEE [@O 68 Ghojumhrld Ndth Gh`euo‗.
@aojho ghnsu` satachm paoaceteho eoe `echnunho, gachcue raicanse juru `ho
seswh, `emhrhpnho seswh `hpht hntei `hchg prdsas pagbachlhrho. [ameojjh prasthse

bachlhr seswh `hpht gaoeojnht.

B. Rugu
Rugush shoo Ghs
Ghshc
hchm
hm
Bar`hs
Bar`hshrn
hrnho
ho chthr
chthr bachnh
bachnhoj
oj `ehths
`ehths,, ghnh
ghnh `hpht
`hpht `erugu
`erugusnh
snho
o ghshch
ghshchmoy
moyhh
sabhjhe barenut<
h. Bhjh
Bhjheg
egho
hohh paoa
paoarh
rhph
pho
o pagb
pagbac
achl
hlhr
hrho
ho ta
tagh
ghte
ten
n ba
barb
rbhs
hses
es nd
nddp
dpar
arht
htei
ei uotu
uotun
n
gaoe
gaoeoj
ojnh
nhtn
tnho
ho nahn
nahnte
teih
iho
o `ho
`ho pr
pras
asth
thse
se bach
bachlh
lhrr sesw
seswhh na
nach
chss EEE
EEE [@O
[@O 68
Ghojumhrld Ndth Gh`euo4
K. Puluho
Puluho Vaoace
Vaoaceteh
teho
o
Bar`hshrnho rugusho ghshchm `e hths, ghnh tuluho `hre paoaceteho teo`hnho

nachs eoe h`hchm<

h. Gao`as
Gao`asnre
nrepse
psenho
nho paoarhph
paoarhpho
o pagbac
pagbachlhr
hlhrho
ho taghten
taghten barbhses
barbhses nddpar
nddparhte
hteii uotun
uotun
gaoe
gaoeoj
ojnh
nhtn
tnho
ho nahn
nahnte
teih
iho
o `ho
`ho pr
pras
asth
thse
se bach
bachlh
lhrr sesw
seswhh na
nach
chss EEE
EEE [@O
[@O 68
Ghojumhrld Ndth Gh`euo.
@. Mepdt
Mepdtase
asess Vaoac
Vaoacete
eteho
ho
Bar`hshrnho ghshchm `ho tuluho paoaceteho yhoj tachm `erugusnho `e hths,
mepdtases teo`hnho paoaceteho eoe h`hchm sabhjhe barenut<
h. :1 % nahnteih
nahnteiho
o `ho prasthse
prasthse bachlh
bachlhrr seswh nachs
nachs EEE [@O 68 Ghojum
Ghojumhrl
hrld
d Ndth
Gh`eu
Gh`euo
o gach
gachcu
cuee pa
paoa
oarh
rhph
pho
o pa
pagb
gbac
achlh
hlhrho
rho ta
tagh
ghte
ten
n ba
barb
rbhse
hsess nd
nddp
dpar
arht
htei
ei

gaoeojnht.
A. Ghoihh
Ghoihhtt Vaoace
Vaoaceteh
teho
o
Vaoaceteho eoe barghoihht bhje babarhph pemhn, hothrh cheo<
h. Bhje Va
Vaoacete
Vaoaceteho
Vaoaceteho eoe `hpht gagparnhyh
gagparnhyh whwhsho
whwhsho `ho paojhchgho
paojhchgho paoacete
paoacete `hchg
gaojhthse
gaojhthse ghshchm
ghshchm pagbachlhrho
pagbachlhrho `hchg gaoeojnhtn
gaoeojnhtnho
ho nahnteiho
nahnteiho `ho prasthse
prasthse
bachlhr seswh. Vaoaceteho eoe lujh gagbarenho paojhchghoh naph`h paoacete
`hchg gaoyusuo `ho gaojagbhojnho nhryh tuces ecgehm, nmususoyh `hchg
gagbuht chpdrho paoaceteho.
b. Bhje Juru
Mhsec
Mhsec paoacet
paoaceteho
eho eoe `emhrhp
`emhrhpnho
nho `hpht
`hpht gagbar
gagbarenh
enho
o ghsunh
ghsunho
o `ho whwhsho
whwhsho
`hchg
`hchg gaojht
gaojhthse
hse ghshch
ghshchm
m pagbac
pagbachlh
hlhrho,
rho, nm
nmusu
ususoy
soyhh yhoj
yhoj tarnhet
tarnhet `aojho
`aojho
ghshchm gaoeojnhtnho nahnteiho `ho prasthse bachlhr seswh.
k. Bhje [eswh

Mhsec paoaceteho eoe `emhrhpnho `hpht gao`drdoj seswh uotun cabem hntei `hchg
prdsas pagbachlhrho, sameojjh prasthse bachlhr yhoj `ekhphe ghnseghc. [acheo
etu `emhrhpnho seswh `hpht barparho sarth `hchg prdsas pagbachlhrho.
`. Bhje Valhbht
Valhbht `e Ceojnuojho
Ceojnuojho @eohs @ENBQ@GQ@D
@ENBQ@GQ@DRH
RH
Mhsec
Mhsec paoace
paoaceteh
teho
o eoe `hpht
`hpht gagbar
gagbarenh
enho
o ghsunho
ghsunho yhoj
yhoj barmhr
barmhrjh,
jh, taruth
taruthgh
gh
`hchg pagbeohho hnh`agen bhje juru `ho seswh `hchg mhc paoeojnhtho gutu
prdsas `ho mhsec bachlhr.
 BHB EE
NHLEHO PADRE

H. Vagba
Vagbachl
chlhrh
hrho
o Paght
Paghten
en
8. Vaoj
Vaojar
arte
teho
ho Vag
Vagba
bach
chlh
lhrh
rho
o Pagh
Paghte
ten
n

Vagbachlhrho taghten h`hchm gd`ac pagbachlhrho

Vagbachlhrho pagbachlhrho yhoj gaojhetnho
gaojhetnho
hothrh ghth pachlhrho yhoj shtu `aojho ghth pachlhrho yhoj cheooyh `hchg
shtu tagh.
Vagbac
Vagbachlhr
hlhrho
ho taghte
taghten
n ph`h
ph`h `hshroy
`hshroyhh h`hchm
h`hchm gd`ac
gd`ac pagbac
pagbachlhr
hlhrho
ho
tarph`u
tarph`u yhoj gaojjuohnho
gaojjuohnho tagh uotun gaojhetnho
gaojhetnho babarhph
babarhph ghth pachlhrho
pachlhrho
sameo
sameojj
jjhh `h
`hph
phtt gagb
gagbare
arenh
nho
o pa
paoj
ojhc
hchg
hgho
ho yh
yhoj
oj ba
barg
rghn
hnoh
oh na
naph
ph`h
`h sesw
seswhh
(@ap`enohs, 2669< 1).
@aieoese cheo gaojhthnho, Vagbachlhrho taghten h`hchm pagbachlhrho
yhoj `erhokhoj bar`hshrnho tagh-tagh tartaotu. @hchg pagbhmhshooyh tagh

etu `eteolhu `hre barbhjhe ghth pachlhrho. [abhjhe kdotdm, tagh –Her‗ `hpht
`eteolhu
`eteolhu `hre ghth pachlhrho iesenh
ies enh,, bedcdje, negeh,
negeh, `ho ghtaghtenh.
ghtaghtenh. Cabem cuhs
chje, tagh etu `hpht `eteolhu `hre be`hoj stu`e cheo, saparte EV[, bhmhsh, `ho
saoe
saoe.. Va
Vagb
gbac
achl
hlhr
hrho
ho tagh
taghte
ten
n gaoy
gaoya`
a`eh
ehnh
nho
o na
nacu
cuhs
hsho
ho `h
`ho
o na
na`h
`hch
chgh
gho
o
egpcagaothse nurenucug, gaohwhrnho nasagphtho yhoj shojht bhoyhn ph`h
seswh uotun gaguokucnho `eohgenh `hchg pao`e`enho.
Vagbachlhrho taghten cabem gaoanhonho ph`h natarcebhtho seswh `hchg
prdsas bachlhr sakhrh hntei `hchg prdsas pagbachlhrho, sameojjh seswh `hpht
gagpardcam
gagpardcam paojhchgho
paojhchgho chojsuoj
chojsuoj `ho
`ho tarchtem
tarchtem uotun `hpht
`hpht gaoagunho
gaoagunho

sao`ere
sao`ere ba
barb
rbhj
hjhe
he pa
paoj
ojat
athm
hmuh
uho
o yh
yhoj
oj `e
`epa
pachl
chlhr
hreo
eoyh
yh.. Gach
Gachcu
cuee pa
paoj
ojhch
hchgh
gho
o
chojsuoj
chojsuoj seswh hnho gaghmhge
gaghmhge ndosap-n
ndosap-ndosap
dosap yhoj garanh
garanh pachlhre `ho
gaojmubuojnhooyh
gaojmubuojnhooyh `aojho ndosap cheo yhoj tachm `ephmhgeoyh.
2. Ke
Kere
re-k
-ker
eree Vag
Vagba
bach
chlh
lhrh
rho
o Pag
Paght
hten
en
Vagbachlhrho taghten gagecene kere-kere hthu nhrhntaresten sabhjheghoh
`euojnhpnho `hchg www. pppjtartuces.dr.e`. sabhjhe barenut<
8. Barp
rpu
usht p
phh`h sseeswh
swh
Vrdsas pagbachlhrho yhoj `echnunho mhrus gaoagphtnho seswh sabhjhe
pusht hnteveths `ho mhrus ghgpu gagparnhyh paojhchgho bachlhr.

Vaojhchgho bachlhr tarsabut `etuhojnho `hchg najehtho bachlhr yhoj

gaojjhce `ho gaojagbhojnho iaodgaoh hchg `e sanethr seswh.
 2. Gagbar
Gagbarenh
enho
o paojhc
paojhchgho
hgho chojsu
chojsuoj
oj naph`h
naph`h seswh
seswh
Hjhr pagbachlhrho cabem barghnoh ghnh seswh parcu bachlhr sakhrh
chojsu
chojsuoj
oj `ho gaojhchg
gaojhchgee sao`er
sao`ere.
e. Hths
Hths `hshr
`hshr eoe ghnh
ghnh juru
juru parcu
parcu
gaokep
gaokepthn
thnho
ho ndo`es
ndo`esee yhoj
yhoj ndo`us
ndo`usei
ei `ho gagihse
gagihseceth
cethse
se tugbum
tugbumoyh
oyh
paojhchgho yhoj barghnoh.

;. Vage
Vageshm
shmho
ho ghth
ghth pa
pach
chlh
lhrh
rho
o te`
te`hn
hn ba
baje
jetu
tu lachs
lachs
Gaoj
Gaojeo
eojh
jhtt tagh
tagh `enh
`enhle
le `h
`hre
re ba
barb
rbhj
hjhe
he ghth
ghth pa
pach
chlhr
lhrho
ho `h
`ho
o sh
shce
ceoj
oj
natarnhetho ghnh bhths ghth pachlhrho gaolh`e
gaolh`e te`hn bajetu lachs.
0. Gaoy
Gaoyhl
hlen
enho
ho ndosa
ndosap
p `hre barbh
barbhjh
jhee ghth
ghth pachlh
pachlhrho
rho `hchg
`hchg suhtu
suhtu prdsas
prdsas
pagbachlhrho.
1. Bars
rseeiht icansebac
Vachnshohho
Vachnshohho pagbachlhr
pagbachlhrho
ho taghten te`hn
te`hn tarlh`whc
tarlh`whc sakhrh natht hothr
ghth pachlhrho.
9. Mhse
Mhsecc pagb
pagbac
achl
hlhr
hrho
ho `hph
`hphtt ba
barn
rnag
agbh
bhoj
oj sa
sasu
suhe
he `a
`aoj
ojho
ho geoh
geoht,
t, `h
`ho
o

nabutumho seswh.
B. Gd`ac
Gd`ac Vagba
Vagbachlh
chlhrho
rho Nddparht
Nddparhteiei
8. Vaoj
Vaojar
arte
teho
ho Vagb
Vagbac
achl
hlhr
hrho
ho Nddp
Nddpar
arht
htei
ei
Gaou
Gaouru
rutt Cea
Cea (2
(266
66;<
;< 82
82)) Va
Vagb
gbac
achl
hlhrh
hrho
o Nddp
Nddpar
arht
htei
ei h`
h`hc
hchm
hm sesta
sestag
g
paojhlhrho yhoj gagbarenho nasagphtho naph`h hohn `e`en uotun
banarlhshgh `aojho sashgh seswh `hchg tujhs-tujhs yhoj tarstruntur.
Vagbachlhrho nddparhtei garuphnho strhtaje bachlhr `aojho salugchm seswh
sabhjhe hojjdth nacdgpdn nakec yhoj teojnht naghgpuhooyh barba`h. @hchg
gaoyacashenh
gaoyacashenho
o tujhs na-cdgpdnoyh,
na-cdgpdnoyh, satehp seswh hojjdth
hojjdth nacdgpdn
nacdgpdn mhrus

shceoj banarlh shgh `ho shceoj gagbhotu uotun gaghmhge ghtare pachlhrho.
@e pemhn cheo gaourut [chveo (`hchg [dcemhteo, 266:< 1), pagbachlhrho
nddpa-rhtei hthu Kddparhteva cahroeoj h`hchm suhtu gd`ac pagbachlhrho
`eghoh seswh bachlhr `ho banarlh `hchg nacdgpdn-nacdgpdn nakec sakhrh
ndchbd-rhtei yhoj hojjdthoyh tar`ere `hre 0 shgphe 9 drhoj, `aojho
struntur na-cdgpdn yhoj barseiht matardjao. [acholutoyh `enhthnho puch,
nabarmhsecho bachlhr `hre nacdgpdn tarjhotuoj ph`h naghgpuho `ho
hnteveths hojjdth nacdgpdn, bhen sakhrh eo`eve`uhc ghupuo nacdgpdn.
Ldmosdo `hchg Cea gaojagunhnho bhmwh (266;< ;6) <

–Pe`hn saguh narlh nacdgpdn

–Pe`hn nacdgpdn besh `ehojjhp Kddparhteva
Kddparhteva Cahroeoj.
Cahroeoj. Qotun
gaokhphe
gaokhp he mhsec yhoj ghnseghc, cegh uosur pagbachlhrho
pagbachlhrho nddparhtei
nddparhtei mhrus `e-
 tarhpnho, yhetu < (8) shceoj natarjhotuojho pdsetei, (2) thojjuoj lhwhb parsa-
drhojho, (;) ththp gunh, (0) ndguoenhse hothr hojjdth, `ho (1) avhcuhse prdsas
nacdgpdn‗.
2. [eothn
[eothnss Gd`ac
Gd`ac Vagba
Vagbachl
chlhrh
hrho
o nddpar
nddparhte
hteii

Ihsa Varechnu Juru

Ihsa 8 Juru gaoyhgphenho saguh tuluho

pagbachlhrho yhoj eojeo `ekhphe ph`h
Gaoyhgphenho tuluho `ho
pachlhrho tarsabut `ho gagdtevhse seswh
gagdtevhse sewh
bachlhr.
Juru gaoyhlenho eoidrghse naph`h seswh
Ihsa 2
`aojho lhcho `agdostrhse hthu cawht bhmho
Gaoyhlenho eoidrghse
bhkhho.
Juru gaolachsnho naph`h seswh
Ihsa ;
bhjheghoh khrh gagbaotun nacdgpdn
Gaojdrjhoeshse seswh na `hchg
bachlhr `ho gagbhotu satehp hjhr
nacdgpdn-nacdgpdn bachlhr
gachnunho trhosese sakhrh aieseao.
Ihsa 0 Juru gagbegbeoj nacdgpdn-nacdgpdn
Gagbegbeoj nacdgpdn bachlhr bachlhr ph`h shht garanh gaojarlhnho
`ho banarlh tujhs garanh.
Juru gaojavhcuhse mhsec bachlhr taothoj
Ihsa 1 ghtare yhoj tachm `epachlhre hthu ghseoj-
Avhcuhse ghseoj nacdgpdn gagprasaothsenho mhsec
narlhoyh.
Juru gaokhre khrh-khrh uotun gaojmhrjhe
Ihsa 9
Gagbarenho paojmhrjhho bhen uphyh ghupuo mhsec bachlhr eo`eve`u
`ho nacdgpdn.

K. Nahnt
Nahnteih
eiho
o Bachlh
Bachlhrr
8. Vaoj
Vaojar
arte
teho
ho Nahn
Nahnte
teih
iho
o Bach
Bachlh
lhrr
Gaou
Gaouru
rutt Marg
Marghw
hwho
ho (2
(266
66:<
:< =;
=;),
), na
nahn
hnte
teih
iho
o seswh
seswh `h
`hch
chg
g na
naje
jeht
htho
ho
pagbachlhrho te`hn cheo h`hchm uotun gaojndostrunse paojathmuho garanh
sao`ere.
sao`ere. Garanh hntei gagbhojuo
gagbhojuo paghmhgho
paghmhgho garanh
garanh sao`ere hths parsdhcho
hthu sajhch sasuhtu yhoj garanh mh`hpe `hchg najehtho pagbachlhrho.

[a`hojnho
[a`ho jnho gaourut Rdkmgho
Rdkmgho Ohthwelhyh
Ohthwelhyh `hchg @ap`enohs(2661
@ap`enohs(2661 <
;8),, bachlh
;8) bachlhrr hntei
hntei h`hchm
h`hchm suhtu
suhtu sestag
sestag bachlhr
bachlhr gaojhl
gaojhlhr
hr yhoj
yhoj gaoanh
gaoanhonh
onho
o
 nahn
nahnte
teih
iho
o se
sesw
swhh sa
sakh
khrh
rh ie
iese
sen,
n, gaot
gaothc
hc eo
eota
taca
cant
ntuh
uhcc `h
`ho
o agds
agdsed
edoh
ohcc ju
juoh
oh
gagpardcam mhsec bachlhr baruph parph`uho hothrh hspan ndjoetei, hiantei `ho
psendgdtdr.
Bar`hs
Bar`hshrn
hrnho
ho paojar
paojarteh
teho
o `ehths
`ehths `hpht
`hpht `esegp
`esegpucn
ucnho
ho bhmwh
bhmwh nahnte
nahnteiho
iho
bachlhr h`hchm phrtesephse seswh bhen sakhrh lhsghoe ghupuo rdmhoe `hchg

gaojen
gaojenut
utee na
naje
jeht
htho
ho ba
bach
chlh
lhrr gaoj
gaojhl
hlhr
hr `e na
nach
chs.
s. Nahn
Nahnte
teiho
iho ba
bachl
chlhr
hr sh
shoj
ojht
ht
gagpaojhrume mhsec bachlhr yhoj `ekhphe seswh, sabhb seswh yhoj hntei hnho
ghgpu gaohojnhp ghtare yhoj `ehlhrnho `aojho cabem dpteghc.
2. Ghkh
Ghkhg-
g-gh
ghkh
khg
g Nahnt
Nahntei
eiho
ho Bach
Bachlh
lhrr [eswh
[eswh
@ea`rekm (`hchg Rdmhoe, 2660< 5), gagbhje nahnteiho bachlhr seswh
gaolh`e = nacdgpdn, yhetu<
h. Nahn
Nahnte
teih
iho
o vesu
vesuhc
hc gace
gacepu
pute
te<< gagb
gagbhk
hkh,
h, gagp
gagpar
armh
mhte
tenh
nho
o jh
jhgb
gbhr
hr,,
gaojhghte ansparegao, `agdostrhse, gaojhghtd drhoj cheo banarlh,
`ho shbhjheoyh.

b. Nahnteiho cesho (drhc) gacepute< gaojagunhnho suhtu ihnth hthu

preosep, gaojmubuojnho suhtu nalh`eho, gaojhlunho parthoyhho,
gagbare shrho, gaojagunhnho pao`hpht, barwhwhokhrh, `esnuse.
k. Nahn
Nahnte
teih
iho
o gao
gao`ao
`aojhrn
jhrnho
ho < gao
ao`a
`ao
ojhrn
jhrnho
ho pao
aoy
yhl
hleh
eho
o bhm
hmho
ho,,
gao`aojhrn
gao`aojhrnho
ho parkhnhpho
parkhnhpho hthu `esnuse
`esnuse nacdgpdn,
nacdgpdn, gao`aojhrn
gao`aojhrnho
ho
suhtu pargheoho eostrugao gusen, gao`aojhrnho sehrho rh`ed.
`. Nahn
Nahnte
teiho
iho gaou
gaouce
cess < gaou
gaouce
cess karet
kareth,
h, gaou
gaouce
cess ch
chpd
pdrho
rho,, gaga
gagare
rens
nshh
nhrhojho, gagbuht snatsh hthu rhojnugho, gaojarlhnho tas, gaojese
hojnat.

a. Nahn
Nahnte
teiho
iho gaoj
gaojjhjhgb
gbhr
hr < gaoj
gaojjh
jhgb
gbhr
hr,, gagb
gagbuh
uhtt jr
jrhie
hien,
n, km
kmhr
hrt,
t,
`ehjrhg, path, pdch.
i. Nahn
Nahnte
teih
iho
o gdtdre
tdren
n < gach
gachnu
nunh
nho
o pa
park
rkdb
dbhh
hho
o, gag
gagecem
ecem hc
hcht
ht-h
-hch
cht,
t,
gachnshohnh
gachnshohnho
o phgarho,
phgarho, gagbuht
gagbuht gd`ac,
gd`ac, gaoyacaojj
gaoyacaojjhrhnho
hrhnho
pargheoho (seguchse), gaohre `ho barnabuo.
j. Nahnte
Nahnteiho
iho gaothc
gaothc < garaou
garaouojn
ojnho,
ho, gaojeoj
gaojeojht,
ht, gagakhmn
gagakhmnho
ho ghshch
ghshchm,
m,
gaojhohcese
gaojhohcesess ihntdr-ihntd
ihntdr-ihntdr,
r, gaoagunho
gaoagunho mubuojho
mubuojho `ho gagbuht
gagbuht
naputusho.
m. Nahnteiho
Nahnteiho agdsedo
agdsedohc
hc < geoht,
geoht, bdsho,
bdsho, jagberh,
jagberh, barhoe,
barhoe, taohoj.
taohoj.

@. Vras
Vrasth
thse
se Bachl
Bachlhr
hr
8. Vaoj
Vaojar
arte
teho
ho Vras
Vrasth
thse
se Bach
Bachlh
lhrr
 Vrasthse bachlhr h`hchm mhsec yhoj `ekhphe dcam sasadrhoj satachm eh
gach
gachnu
nunh
nho
o pa
paru
rubh
bhmh
mho
o bachlhr, bh
bhen
en `e sandc
sandchm
hm ghup
ghupuo
uo `e cu
cuhr
hr sandc
sandchm
hm..
Gaouru
Gaourutt Pucus
Pucus Pu―u
Pu―u (2660<
(2660< :1),
:1), prasth
prasthse
se garuph
garuphnho
nho mhsec
mhsec yhoj
yhoj `ekhph
`ekhphee
sasadrhoj natenh gaojarlhnho tujhs hthu najehtho tartaotu.
[. Ohsu
Ohsute
tedo
do (8
(855
559<
9< 8:),
8:), pr
pras
asth
thse
se ba
bach
chlh
lhrr h`
h`hc
hchm
hm na
nasa
sagp
gpur
uroh
ohho
ho

sasadrhoj yhoj `ekhphe sasadrhoj `hchg bariener, garhsh `ho barbuht. @ave
Zuchoshre (2686< 8), prasthse bachlhr h`hchm teojnht naghousehho yhoj `egecene
seswhh `hchg
sesw `hchg gaoare
gaoaregh,
gh, gaodch
gaodchn,
n, `ho gaoeche
gaoeche eoidrg
eoidrghse-
hse-eoi
eoidrg
drghse
hse yhoj
yhoj
`epardcam `hchg prdsas bachlhr gaojhlhr.
@hre urheho
urheho `ehths `hpht `esegpu
`esegpucnho
cnho bhmwh
bhmwh prasthse bachlhr
bachlhr h`hchm
suhtu
suhtu nakhnh
nakhnhpho
pho hthu mhsec
mhsec yhoj
yhoj tac
tachm
hm `epard
`epardcam
cam `hre
`hre prdsas
prdsas pagbac
pagbachlhr
hlhrho
ho
`aojho paojuhshho paojathmuho hthu natrhgpecho yhoj `etuolunnho `aojho
oeche.

BHB EEE
GAPD@A VAOACEPEHO

H. Vao`anht
Vao`anhtho
ho `ho Rhokhojh
Rhokhojho
o Vaoaceteh
Vaoaceteho
o

Vaoaceteho eoe gaojjuohnho pao`anhtho nuhcethtei `aojho rhokhojho paoaceteho

nu
nuhc
hcet
etht
htei
ei-eo
-eotar
tarhn
hnte
tei,
i, yh
yhno
noee VPN.
VPN. VPN
VPN h`
h`hc
hchm
hm pa
paoa
oace
ceteh
teho
o yh
yhoj
oj babart
rtul
uluh
uho
o uo
uotu
tun
n
 gaoeoj
gaoeojnht
nhtnho
nho nuhcet
nuhceths
hs prdsas
prdsas `ho mhsec
mhsec pagbac
pagbachlhr
hlhrho
ho `e nachs,
nachs, hthu gagakh
gagakhmnh
mnho
o
ghshchm pagbachlhrho `e nachs/`e chthr paoaceteho yhoj `echnunho sakhrh barsencus.
Gd`ac pachnshohho VPN eoe gaojjuohnho gd`ac VPN –juru sabhjhe paoacete
`aojho
`aojho hkuho
hkuho gd`ac
gd`ac sencus
sencus VPN yhoj
yhoj `enagb
`enagbhoj
hojnho
nho dcam
dcam Nagges
Nagges `ho Phjjhr
Phjjhrtt
(8556). Gd`ac sencus yhoj `enagbhojnho gacepute thmhp paraokhohho, teo`hnho `ho

paojhghtho, paraicanseho `ho parbhenho raokhoh.

B. Cdnhse
Cdnhse `ho
`ho Zhntu
Zhntu Vaoa
Vaoacet
ceteho
eho
Vaoaceteho `echnshohnho `e [@O 68 Ghojumhrld Nakhghtho Ghojumhrld Ndth
Gh`euo.. Peo`hnho
Gh`euo Peo`hnho paoaceteho
paoaceteho eoe `enaohnho
`enaohnho ph`h seswh nachs EEEH sagastar
sagastar E `aojho
`aojho
lugchm seswh 2: drhoj. Vachnshohho teo`hnho `enarlhnho guche ph`h thojjhc 2:
Dntdbar 2682. Lhg pachlhrho 2 partaguho satehp geojju `aojho partaguho 2 x ;1
gaoet.
K. Vrdsa`
Vrdsa`ur
ur Vaoac
Vaoacete
eteho
ho
8. Var
araaokh
okhohho
ohho Peo
Peo`h
`hn
nho

Vara
Varaok
okho
hohh
hho
o teo`
teo`hn
hnho
ho `egu
`eguch
chee `a
`aoj
ojho
ho gagp
gagpars
arseh
ehpn
pnho
ho RVV
RVV yh
yhoj
oj hn
hnho
ho
`ejuohnho
`ejuohnho sabhjhe
sabhjhe pa`dgho
pa`dgho pachnshohho
pachnshohho pagbachlhrho
pagbachlhrho `aojho paoarhpho
paoarhpho
pagbachlhrho taghten barbhses nddparhtei. Vaoyusuoho RVV tarsabut
`echnshohnho ph`h thojjhc 22-21 Dntdbar 2682. [acheo etu, sadrhoj paoacete
(juru)
(juru) lujh
lujh gaoyus
gaoyusuo
uo cagbhr
cagbhr avhcuh
avhcuhse
se uotun
uotun gaojul
gaojulee naghgp
naghgpuho
uho seswh
seswh
`hchg
`hchg gaohoj
gaohojjhp
jhpee paolac
paolachsho
hsho ohrhsu
ohrhsugba
gbar.
r. Cagbhr
Cagbhr avhcuh
avhcuhse
se eoe `esusu
`esusuo
o
gaolh`e `uh yhetu cagbhr paoecheho uotun juru `ho seswh.
2. Vac
ach
hnsho
nshohh
hho
o Peo`
Peo`hn
hnh
ho
Varaok
Varaokhoh
hohho
ho sencus
sencus E `eraok
`eraokhoh
hohnho
nho shtu partag
partaguho
uho.. Vartag
Vartaguho
uho parthg
parthghh

`echnshoh
`echnshohnho
nho ph`h
ph`h mhre
mhre [hbtu
[hbtu 2: Dntdba
Dntdbarr 2682.
2682. [asuhe
[asuhe `aojho
`aojho RVV yhoj
su`hm `esusuo, chojnhm ‛ chojnhm pagbachlhrho yhoj hnho `echnunho dcam
ju
juru
ru gaoj
gaojhk
hku
u ph
ph`h
`h pa
pagb
gbac
achlh
hlhrho
rho ta
tagh
ghte
ten
n ba
barb
rbhse
hsess nd
nddp
dparh
arhte
teii `a
`aoj
ojho
ho
bar`hshrnho ph`h chojnhm ‛ chojnhm sabhjhe barenut<
8. Vrh Najeh
jehtho (1 Gaoet
oet)
h. Juru
Juru gagbunh
gagbunh pachlh
pachlhrho
rho `aojho
`aojho gaoju
gaojukhp
khpnho
nho shchg.
shchg.
b. Juru `ho seswh bar`dh barshgh.
k. Juru
Juru gagare
gagarenshnsh namh`e
namh`erho
rho seswh.
seswh.
2. Naj
ajeh
ehth
tho
o Hwh
Hwhcc ((1
1 Gao
Gaoet
et))
h. Juru
Juru gaoj
gaojhl hlun
unho
ho part
partho
hoyh
yhho
ho na
naph
ph`h
`h sesw
seswhh uo
uotu
tun
n gaoj
gaojjh
jhce
ce
paojathmuho seswh taothoj tho`h whntu lhg.
b. Juru gaoyhgphenho tuluho pagbachlhrho mhre eoe.
;. Naj
ajeh
ehth
tho
o Eot
Eotee (1
(16 Ga
Gaoe
oett)
 h. Naje
Najeht
htho
ho Ans
Anspc
pcdr
drhs
hsee
 Juru gaoyhgphenho eoidrghse taothoj ghtare tho`h whntu
lhg `aojho jhgbhr lhg sasuhe tho`h whntu lhg, sataojhm
lhg `ho saparagpht lhg.
 [eswh `egeoth gaojhghte jhgbhr lhg nagu`eho
gagbhkhnho tho`h whntu yhoj `etuolunnho.
 [atachm seswh gagbhkhnho tho`h whtu lhg, seswh `egeoth
uotun gaouolunnho tho`h whntu lhg gachcue teruho lhg.
 Juru gagbaotun seswh gaolh`e 9 nacdgpdn, tehp nacdgpdn
tar`ere `hre 0-1 drhoj.
 Nagu`eho
Nagu `eho juru gaoyhgphen
gaoyhgphenho
ho chojnhm-cho
chojnhm-chojnhm
jnhm najehtho
najehtho
yhoj mhrus `echnunho seswh.
b. Najehtho Achbdrhse
Juru gagbhjenho
gagbhjenho cagbhr `esnuse naph`h
naph`h ghseoj-ghseo
ghseoj-ghseoj
j
nacdgpdn.
 Ghseoj-ghseoj nacdgpdn `egeoth gao`asnrepsenho jhgbhr
yhoj barmubuojho `aojho tho`h whntu lhg, sataojhm lhg
`ho saparagpht lhg.
k. Naje
Najeht
htho
ho Ndo
Ndoie
ierg
rghs
hsee
[atachm
[at achm seswh
seswh sacashe
sacashe gachnu
gachnunho
nho `esnu
`esnuse,
se, ghs
ghseoj
eoj-gh
-ghseo
seoj
j
nacdg
acdgpd
pdn
n `egeo
egeoth
th gagp
agpra
rasa
saot
oths
hsen
enho
ho mhs
hsec
ec `esn
esnuse
nacdgpdnoyh `e `apho nachs.
 Pagho nacdgpdn cheo gaohojjhpe.
0. Naje
Najeht
htho
ho Hnme
Hnmerr (86
(86 Gaoe
Gaoet)
t)
h. [esw
[eswhh `a
`aoj
ojho
ho begb
begbeo
eojh
jhoo ju
juru
ru gaoy
gaoyeg
egpu
pucn
cnho
ho ghta
ghtare
re yh
yhoj
oj ta
tach
chm
m
`epachlhre.
b. Avhcuhse
[eswh gaojarlhnho cagbhr tujhs eo`eve`u (CN[) tarchgper.
k. Raicanse
Juru gaohoyhnho naph`h seswh taothoj nasho pagbachlhrho mhre
eoe
`. Pe
Peo
o`hn
`hn Cho
Cholu
lutt
Juru gagbarenho tujhs naph`h seswh uotun `enarlhnho `erughm.
a. Vaoutup

;. Phmh
Phmhp
p Vaojhg
ojhght
htho
ho
[achgh thmhp pachnshohho teo`hnho, paoacete gachnunho paojhghtho
`ho paranhgho tarmh`hp hnteveths bachlhr seswh `ho prdsas pagbachlhrho yhoj
tarlh`e `e nachs. [aguh hnteveths seswh `eranhg `aojho khrh gaokhtht satehp
 najeht
najehtho
ho yhoj
yhoj `echnu
`echnunho
nho seswh
seswh sakhrh
sakhrh barnac
barnacdgp
dgpdn.
dn. Bhjheg
Bhjheghoh
hoh eotarhn
eotarhnse
se
seswh
seswh `h
`hchg
chg `esn
`esnus
usee na
nacd
cdgp
gpdn
dn,, bh
bhjh
jheg
egho
hohh na
narlh
rlhshg
shghh ho
hoth
thrh
rh ho
hojj
jjdt
dthh
nacdgpdn, `ho nahnteiho seswh `hchg najehtho `esnuse nacdgpdn.
0. Phmhp Ra
Raicanse
Vh`hh thmhp
Vh` thmhp eoe `echnu
`echnunho
nho hohcese
hohcesess `hth
`hth yhoj
yhoj tachm
tachm `epard
`epardcam
cam.. Mhsec
Mhsec

hohceses `hth yhoj tachm h`h `eparjuohnho uotun gachnunho avhcuhse tarmh`hp
prdsas `ho mhsec yhoj eojeo `ekhphe.
@. Eostr
Eostruga
ugaot
ot Vaoa
Vaoacet
ceteho
eho
Eostrugao yhoj `ejuohnho `hchg paoaceteho eoe gacepute < RVV, whwhokhrh, cagbhr
dbsarvhse, cagbhr avhcuhse / tas prasthse bachlhr, `ho khththo chphojho. RVV `ejuohnho
uotun pa`dgho pachnshohho prhnten pagbachlhrho (teo`hnho). Pas avhcuhse bachlhr
`ejuohnho uotun gaojathmue nuhceths mhsec bachlhr.
A. Panoen
Panoen Vaoju
Vaojugpu
gpucho
cho @hth
@hth
Vaojugpucho `hth ph`h paoaceteho eoe `echnunho `aojho gaojjuohnho tanoen sabhjhe

barenut <
h. Zhwhokhrh
Zhwhokhrh hwhc `echnunho ph`h juru `ho seswh uotun gaoaotunho teo`hnho.
Zhwhokhrh `echnunho uotun gaojathmue ndo`ese hwhc `ho nhrhntaresten seswh.
b. Dbsarvhse
Dbsarvhse `echnshohnho uotun gagpardcam `hth naghgpuho barpener seswh
yhoj
yhoj tar`
tar`er
eree `hre
`hre baba
babarh
rhph
ph `asn
`asnre
rept
ptdr
dr yh
yhoj
oj h`
h`hh sa
sach
chgh
gh pa
pagb
gbac
achl
hlhr
hrho
ho
barchojsuoj. Dbsarvhse eoe `echnunho `aojho gaojjuohnho cagbhr
ca gbhr dbsarvhse
yhoj tachm `esusuo.

k. Cagb
Cagbhr
hr Avhc
Avhcuh
uhse
se / Past
Past
Past `echnshohnho satehp hnmer sencus, mhc eoe `eghnsu`nho uotun gaojunur
mh
mhse
secc yh
yhoj
oj `epa
`epard
rdca
cam
m se
seswh
swh satac
satachm
hm pa
pagb
gbare
areho
ho teo`
teo`hn
hnho
ho.. Past
Past tarsab
tarsabut
ut
barbaotun gaold`dmnho `ho subyantei hjhr bhoyhn ghtare tarkhnup.
`. Khth
Khthth
tho
o chph
chphoj
ojho
ho
Khthth
Khththo
o chphoj
chphojho
ho `ejuo
`ejuohnh
hnho
o sabhjh
sabhjhee pacaoj
pacaojnhp
nhp `hth
`hth paoacet
paoaceteho
eho sameoj
sameojjh
jh
`emh
`emhrhp
rhpnh
nho
o saguh
saguh `h
`hth
th yh
yhoj
oj te`h
te`hn
n ta
targ
rghsu
hsun
n `h
`hchg
chg db
dbsar
sarvh
vhse
se `h
`hph
phtt
`enugpucnho ph`h paoaceteho eoe.
I. Pa
Pano
noen
en Hoh
Hohce
cese
sess @hth
@hth

8. Nagh
Naghgp
gpuh
uho
o Bar
ariiener
ener
 @hth mhsec dbsarvhse `ho khththo juru `ehohceses sakhrh `asnreptei uotun
gaojat
gaojathmu
hmuee nuhcet
nuhceths
hs prdsas
prdsas bachlh
bachlhrr gaojhl
gaojhlhr
hr `h phrtes
phrteseph
ephse
se seswh
seswh sachgh
sachgh
gaojenute najehtho pagbachlhrho. Qotun gajathmue paoeojnhtho nuhceths mhsec
bachlhr `echnunho `aojho khrh gagbho`eojnho sndr eo`eve`u `ho nacdgpdn
`aojho
`aojho tas hthu nues sabacugoyh.
sabacugoyh. [acheo etu nuhceths
nuhceths parthoyhho `ho lhwhbho

seswh `ehohceses `aojho rubrek. Nagu`eho uotun gaojathmue paoeojnhtho sndr

naghgpuho bariener, parthoyhho `ho lhwhbho yhoj tachm `eoeche `aojho rubrek
ph`h sencus
s encus E `ebho`eojnho `aojho parthoyhho `ho lhwhbho yhoj tachm `eoeche
`aojho rubrek ph`h sencus EE.
2. Mhsec Bachlhr
Mhsec
Mhsec bachlh
bachlhrr ph`h
ph`h hspan
hspan ndjoet
ndjoetei
ei `hre
`hre mhsec
mhsec tast
tast `ehohc
`ehohceses
eses `aojho
`aojho
tanoen hohceses avhcuhse uotun gaojathmue natuothsho bachlhr seswh. Khrhoyh
h`hchm `aojho gaojhohcese
gaojhohcesess mhsec tast idrghtei
idrghtei `aojho
`aojho gaojjuohn
gaojjuohnho
ho nretareh
nretareh
natuothsho bachlhr. [eswh `ehojjhp tachm bachlhr tuoths hphbech `hyh sarhpoyh

gaokhphe 91 %, sakhrh nacdgpdn `ehojjhp tuoths lenh tachm gaokhphe =1 %

`hre lugchm seswh yhoj gaokhphe `hyh sarhp geoeghc 91 %.

@HIPHR VQ[PHNH

Ghchwe, Ebh`ucchm `ho A`y, [eswhotd. 2682. Vaoaceteho Peo`hnho Nachs. Gh`euo< ENEV VJRE
Ihnucths Ecgu Vao`e`enho

Prehotd. 2688. @asheo Vaojagbhojho Vagbachlhrho Paghten. Lhnhrth< Naokhoh

mttp<//whwho-luohe`e.bcdjspdt.kdg/2686/86/pagbachlhrho-nddparhtei.mtgc
mttp<//www.buhtsnrepse.kdg/2688/68/paojarteho-nahnteiho-bachlhr-seswh.mtgc
mttp<//www.buhtsnrepse.kdg/2686/88/paojarteho-ghkhg-nahnteiho-bachlhr-seswh.mtgc
mttp<//a`ukhtedo-vedoat.bcdjspdt.kdg/2682/69/tuluho-`ho-iuojse-pagbachlhrho-taghten.mtgc
mttp<//g0y-h1h.bcdjspdt.kdg/2682/61/mhnenht-nahnteiho-bachlhr.mtgchnteiho-vesuhc-cesho.mtgc