DOMAIN AND RANGE (ALGEBRAIC APPROACH)

FUNCTIONS DOMAIN, Df RANGE, R f

Constant, y = k ( − , ) R f = k 

Linear, y = ax + b, a0 ( − , ) ( − , )
Cubic, y = ax + bx + cx + d , a  0
3 2 ( − , ) ( − , )
Quadratic ( − , ) if a  0 if a  0
(i) general form R f =  k , ) R f = ( −  ,k 
y = ax 2 + bx + c, a  0
(ii) vertex form (completing the square)
y = a ( x − h) + k
2

Absolute Value, y = a x − h + k ( − , ) if a  0 if a  0
R f =  k , ) R f = ( −  ,k 
f(x)0 if a  0 if a  0
Square root, y = a f(x)+k
R f =  k , ) R f = ( −  ,k 
Exponential ( − , ) if a  0 if a  0
(i) y = ae x − h + k R f = ( k , ) R f = ( − ,k )
(ii) y = am x −h + k

Logarithmic, y = aln  f ( x ) + k f(x)0 ( − , )

 FUNCTIONS DOMAIN, Df RANGE, R f
Reciprocal/ Rational y  subject x  subject
x−h0 a
y=
a
+ k, x  h +k = y
x−h xh x−h
D f = ( − ,h )  ( h, ) 1 y−k
=
x−h a
a
x−h=
y−k
a
x= +h
y−k
y−k 0
yk
R f = ( − ,k )  ( k , )
g( x )  0  f ( x )  0
g( x )
y=
ln  f ( x ) + a
g( x )  0  f ( x )  0
g( x )
y=
f(x)
Example: x + 1  0  x2 − 4  0
x +1 − 2 x  −1  x  −2,x  2
y=
x2 − 1  D =  −1,2 )  ( 2, )