WARISAN AKADEMI PENDIDIKAN

Assignment Cover Sheet

PROGRAMME : EXECUTIVE BACHELOR IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

STUDENT INTAKE : JANUARY INTAKE 2021

MODULE : QUALITY MANAGEMENT FOR EXEC BACHELOR (GENERAL/IOM)(GROUP 1)

DATE SUBMITTED : 24/03/24

LECTURER'S NAME : MR.MANIMARAN

STUDENT NAME : JEYASEELAN A/L PARAMASIVAM

STUDENT NUMBER : WBPN21166

IC/NO : 911021085363

CAMPUS : WAP(SEREMBAN)

QUESTION MARK

TOTAL

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 CONTENT

QUESTION PAGE
QUESTION 1 3-5
QUESTION 2 6
QUESTION 3 7-8
REFERENCES 9

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QUESTION 1

ISO stands for International Organization for Standardization and ISO 9001 is
defined as the international standard that specifies requirements for a quality
management system (QMS).

it is important to acquire ISO standards by organizations, these are the 3 important

reasons, one of it is enhanced credibility and reputation. Whereby, ISO accreditation
demonstrates an organization's commitment to quality, efficiency, and customer
satisfaction. It improves the organization's trust among stakeholders such as
consumers, partners, regulators, and investors. Customers frequently choose to work
with ISO-certified organisations because it ensures standardised processes and high-
quality products or services. Secondly, Improved Operational Efficiency and Cost
Reduction, this refers to Implementing ISO standards requires a thorough examination
and optimisation of organisational procedures. This results in enhanced operational
efficiency, simpler operations, and less waste. Organisations that follow ISO rules can
discover opportunities for improvement, apply best practices, and reduce errors and
defects. Ultimately, this leads to cost reductions and improved resource utilisation.
The third reason is Access to New Markets and Business Opportunities, whereby, ISO
certification is typically required to enter specific markets, particularly in areas where
quality and compliance are critical, such as healthcare, aerospace, and automotive.
reaching ISO standards opens up new business opportunities both domestically and
internationally by demonstrating a commitment to reaching global quality criteria.
Furthermore, ISO certification can promote partnerships and cooperation with other
certified organisations, broadening the organization's network and market presence.In
summary, obtaining ISO standards provides organisations with real benefits such as
increased legitimacy, greater efficiency, cost savings, and access to new markets,
making it a worthwhile investment in long-term success and sustainability.

Becoming certified as an ISO 9001 company brings several benefits that contribute to
the overall success and competitiveness of the organization. One of the benefits are,
improved quality management. ISO 9001 certification requires organizations to
establish and maintain a robust quality management system (QMS). By adhering to
ISO 9001 standards, companies ensure consistency in processes, products, and
services. This leads to fewer defects, fewer errors, and enhanced customer
satisfaction. With a focus on continuous improvement, ISO 9001 helps organizations
identify areas for enhancement and implement corrective actions, ultimately driving
higher quality across all aspects of the business. Furthermore ,Increased Efficiency
and Productivity is another benefit. Whereby, Implementing ISO 9001 principles
improves operational efficiency by streamlining operations, minimising waste, and
optimising resource allocation. ISO 9001 improves internal communication and
collaboration by systematically documenting procedures and responsibilities.
Employees are provided with clear standards and standardised procedures, resulting in
increased production and fewer delays. Furthermore, focusing on preventive measures
enables organisations to foresee and manage possible issues before they worsen,

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 saving time and resources. Another benefit is enhanced customer satisfaction,ISO
9001 places a strong emphasis on customer focus and satisfaction. By consistently
delivering products and services that meet or exceed customer expectations, certified
organizations enhance customer loyalty and retention. ISO 9001 certification instills
confidence in customers, assuring them of the organization's commitment to quality
and reliability. Moreover, the systematic approach to addressing customer feedback
and complaints ensures prompt resolution of issues, fostering positive relationships
and long-term partnerships. In addition, global recognition and market access is
another benefit whereby,ISO 9001 accreditation is worldwide recognised and
acknowledged, giving businesses a competitive advantage in the global economy.
Certified organisations demonstrate conformity with globally accepted quality
standards, which is frequently required for doing business with consumers, suppliers,
and partners around the world. ISO 9001 certification provides access to new markets
and commercial prospects, allowing for expansion into locations with high quality
criteria. Furthermore, it enables businesses to keep ahead of regulatory changes and
respond to growing client expectations on a worldwide scale. Finally, another benefit
is improved risk management and decision making, whereby,ISO 9001 encourages a
systematic approach to risk management, enabling organizations to identify, assess,
and mitigate risks effectively. By conducting thorough risk assessments and
implementing preventive measures, companies can minimize the likelihood of
disruptions and unforeseen events. ISO 9001 also promotes data-driven decision-
making through the collection and analysis of performance metrics. With access to
accurate and timely information, management can make informed decisions that drive
business success and strategic growth.In summary, ISO 9001 certification offers
numerous benefits, including improved quality management, increased efficiency,
enhanced customer satisfaction, global recognition, and better risk management. By
adopting ISO 9001 standards, organizations can strengthen their competitive position,
drive continuous improvement, and achieve sustainable growth.

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 QUESTION 2

Six Sigma is a data-driven methodology for eliminating faults and increasing quality
in corporate processes. It tries to reduce variability and errors by methodically
identifying and treating the underlying causes of faults. The word "Six Sigma" relates
to the statistical concept of achieving virtually perfect performance, with a fault rate
of no more than 3.4 per million opportunities. Six Sigma organisations often use a
structured technique known as DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve, and
Control). Six Sigma assists organisations in improving efficiency, lowering costs, and
increasing customer satisfaction by using rigorous data analysis and process
improvement approaches.

Total Quality Management (TQM) is a complete strategy to enhancing the quality of

products and services across an organisation. TQM focuses on continual
improvement, customer attention, and employee involvement. It entails setting quality
goals, implementing quality systems, and cultivating a culture of quality excellence.
Customer satisfaction, employee engagement, process improvement, and continuous
learning are among the TQM principles. TQM strives to improve customer happiness,
minimise waste, and drive long-term success by incorporating quality into all
elements of the organisation.

Lean management is a systematic strategy to increasing value while reducing waste in

corporate processes. Lean is based on the Toyota Production System and aims to
eliminate non-value-added tasks, streamline workflows, and optimise resource
utilisation. The key ideas of Lean include identifying and reducing waste,
empowering employees, and continually improving operations. Kaizen and Just-in-
Time manufacturing are examples of lean approaches that emphasise efficiency,
adaptability, and responsiveness to customers' needs. Organisations that follow Lean
principles can increase productivity, reduce costs, and produce higher-quality
products and services.

Toyota's Production System (TPS) is an integrated socio-technical system designed to

maximise production efficiency, reduce waste, and ensure high quality. It is
distinguished by ideas such as Just-in-Time (JIT) manufacturing, Jidoka (automation
with a human touch), and Kaizen (continuous improvement). Overproduction, waiting
time, wasteful transportation, excess inventory, superfluous motion, flaws, and
underutilised talent are all examples of waste that TPS focuses on eliminating. TPS
can help organisations achieve better workflows, shorter lead times, higher quality,
and more customer satisfaction.

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 QUESTION 3

The advent of Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) has ushered in a new era of
unprecedented technological advancement and digital transformation. As
organizations navigate the complexities and opportunities of this era, quality
improvement emerges as a crucial enabler for achieving success in IR 4.0. By
embracing quality improvement methodologies, organizations can optimize processes,
enhance efficiency, and drive innovation, thereby positioning themselves at the
forefront of the digital revolution.

Artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, big data analytics, and the Internet of Things
(IoT) are all disruptive technologies that define IR 4.0. Quality improvement
approaches give organisations with the structure they need to adapt to and smoothly
integrate new technology into their operations. Organisations can use technology to
boost productivity, creativity, and competitiveness in the digital world by optimising
operations, reducing waste, and adopting automation.

In the era of IR 4.0, quality has never been more important. Quality improvement
approaches help organisations detect and eliminate faults, reduce variability, and
consistently meet or exceed customer expectations. Organisations that use strong
quality management systems may ensure that their products and services are not only
technologically advanced, but also dependable, safe, and customer-centric. Improved
product and service quality promotes customer happiness, loyalty, and trust, which
drives long-term growth and success in the digital age.

Data is at the centre of IR 4.0, acting as a significant commodity to drive informed

decision-making, innovation, and performance improvement. Quality improvement
approaches emphasise data gathering, analysis, and utilisation in order to achieve
continual improvement. Organisations that use advanced analytics tools and
approaches can acquire meaningful insights into process performance, customer
preferences, and market trends. Data-driven decision-making enables organisations to
identify opportunities, minimise risks, and optimise operations, allowing them to stay
ahead of the quickly changing digital landscape.

In the dynamic environment of IR 4.0, agility and flexibility are essential qualities for
organizational success. Quality improvement methodologies instill a culture of
continuous improvement, adaptability, and responsiveness within organizations. By
empowering employees to identify and address issues proactively, organizations can
navigate technological changes, market disruptions, and shifting customer needs with
agility and confidence. Agile and flexible organizations are better equipped to seize
opportunities, mitigate challenges, and maintain a competitive edge in the fast-paced
digital era.

As organizations embrace the opportunities and challenges of Industrial Revolution

4.0, quality improvement emerges as a linchpin for achieving success in the digital
age. By leveraging quality improvement methodologies, organizations can adapt to

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 technological advancements, enhance product and service quality, utilize data for
informed decision-making, and foster agility and flexibility. In doing so,
organizations can position themselves as leaders in the digital revolution, driving
innovation, growth, and sustainable success in the era of IR 4.0.

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 REFERENCES

1. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/international-organization-for-
standardization-iso.asp#:~:text=5-
,The%20ISO%20plays%20an%20important%20role%20in%20facilitating%2
0world%20trade,reliable%2C%20and%20of%20good%20quality.

2. https://www.bdc.ca/en/articles-tools/operations/iso-other-certifications/iso-
advantages-quality-management

3. https://www.techtarget.com/searchcio/definition/Six-Sigma

4. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/six-sigma.asp

5. https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/management/six-sigma/

6. https://www.techtarget.com/searchcio/definition/Total-Quality-
Management#:~:text=Total%20Quality%20Management%20(TQM)%20is,%
2C%20thus%2C%20delivering%20customer%20satisfaction.

7. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/total-quality-management-tqm.asp

8. https://cleartax.in/s/total-quality-management

9. https://www.techtarget.com/searchcio/definition/lean-
management#:~:text=Lean%20management%20is%20an%20approach,to%20
improve%20efficiency%20and%20quality.

10. https://www.beewatec.com/blog/what-is-lean-definition-lean-management-
methods-and-principles

11. https://www.manutan.com/blog/en/glossary/lean-management-definition-and-
tools

12. https://global.toyota/en/company/vision-and-philosophy/production-
system/#:~:text=The%20Toyota%20Production%20System%20(TPS,concept
%2C%20in%20which%20each%20process

13. https://www.toyota-europe.com/about-us/toyota-vision-and-
philosophy/toyota-production-system

14. https://www.ekonomi.gov.my/sites/default/files/2021-07/National-4IR-
Policy.pdf

15. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-
what-it-means-and-how-to-respond/

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