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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Dr. Iting Shofwati, ST, MKKK, HIU

INTRODUCTION
Employers must protect
Employers must: Use all feasible
employees from hazards such as
engineering and work practice
falling objects, harmful
controls to eliminate and reduce
substances, and noise exposures
hazards
that can cause injury

Use personal protective

equipment (PPE) if the controls PPE is the last level of control!
don’t eliminate the hazards.

PPE includes all clothing and PPE should not be used as a

other work accessories designed substitute for engineering, work
to create a barrier against practice, and/or administrative
workplace hazards. controls

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INTRODUCTION

Management dedicated to the safety and

The key to a successful management program
for PPE is an in-depth evaluation of the
workplace hazards and the equipment needed
to protect against the identified hazards.
health of employees should also use the
evaluation to:
• Set a standard operating procedure for personnel
• Train employees on the protective limitations of PPE and on
its proper use and maintenance.

Employees must be aware that the equipment

does not eliminate the hazard. If the
equipment fails, exposure occurs. With such
understanding, hopefully, employees will not
alter or remove equipment because it is
uncomfortable.

RISK CONTROL MEASURES

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TYPES OF PPE

EYE & FACE HEARING RESPIRATOR HEAD

PROTECTION PROTECTION PROTECTION PROTECTION

FOOT HAND BODY FALL

PROTECTION PROTECTION PROTECTION PROTECTION

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EYE & FACE PROTECTION

TYPES OF EYE HAZARDS

Flying Object Particles & Dust Chemical Harmful light radiation

(ultraviolet, lasers,
infrared)

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SOURCES OF EYE HAZARDS

Flying Object - Particles & Dust

Grinding Sanding Woodworking Sandblasting

SOURCES OF EYE HAZARDS

CHEMICAL
The most dangerous chemicals
to the eyes are corrosive liquids.
• Examples include acids, lye, bleach,
ammonia, sodium hydroxide and
formaldehyde.

Other chemicals can also be

extremely irritating to the eyes.

Some pesticides can be

absorbed through the eyes

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SOURCES OF EYE HAZARDS

Harmful Light Radiation

Ultraviolet Laser Infrared from

from welding molten metal

THREE MAIN TYPES OF EYE PROTECTION

SAFETY GOGGLES FACE

GLASSES SHIELD

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SAFETY GLASSES

LASER EYEWEAR

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CARE & MAINTENANCE

EYE PROTECTION

Inspect for damage daily Clean as needed

Replace if broken, cracked or

if material on the lens or
face-shield can’t be removed

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HEARING PROTECTION

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THE EFFECT OF
NOISE

TYPES OF HEARING PROTECTION

EARMUFFS EARPLUGS EAR CAPS

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What’s the most common used

solution to noise concerns?

SELECTION OF HEARING PROTECTORS

Noise Exposure Level of Degree of Attenuation Comfort and Fit to the

the Employees Required User

Need of Hearing
Suitability for Use Warning Signal and Medical Condition
Speech Intelligibility

Environmental
Condition

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FITTING TECHNIQUE OF
HAND FORMED FOAM EARPLUGS

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EXCELENT FIT

FITTING TECHNIQUE OF HAND FORMED FOAM

EARPLUGS

Step 1 - Clean Step 2 - Roll don’t Step 2a Rolled Step 3 prepare to Step 4 - Insert. Step 5. Hold in
fingers squeeze but should have a insert Pull back on ear. place for at least
bit of a flare or Push in Rolled 10 seconds to
golf T shape to earplug allow earplug to
one end... expand while
deep in ear canal.
Finger block
prevents ear plug
for expanding
outward and
forces it to
expand upward

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GOOD FIT
DEEP IN EAR CANAL

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PROPER VS IMPROPER

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Shape of deep fitted E-A-R after removing from

appropriately fitted ear plugs

GOOD FIT/BAD FIT?

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ATTACHED EARMUFFS

RESPIRATOR PROTECTION

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RESPIRATOR PROTECTION

Filtering Facepiece Half-Face & Full-Face Supplied Air

Respirators (Dust Cartridge Respirators Respirators
Masks)

FILTERING FACEPIECE RESPIRATORS

(DUST MASKS)

Air inhaled in Air inhaled in

Air exhaled out

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WHERE DUST MASKS CAN’T BE USED

Dust levels more than 10

Exposure to chemical
times the permissible
gases or vapors
exposure limit (PEL)

Oxygen deficiency

CARE & MAINTENANCE

DUST MASKS

Dust masks cannot be cleaned

Replace dust masks at least
or repaired if soiled or
daily
damaged.

Replace dust masks if

breathing becomes difficult, if Dispose of dust masks at the
they are damaged or soiled on end of the day or shift.
the inside.

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HALF-FACE & FULL-FACE CARTRIDGE RESPIRATORS

HALF-FACE FULL-FACE
RESPIRATOR RESPIRATOR

HALF-FACE & FULL-FACE CARTRIDGE RESPIRATORS

STRAPS
FACEPIECE
INHALATION
VALVES

CARTRIDGE

EXHALATION
VALVE VALVE COVER

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RESPIRATORY CARTRIDGES COLOR CODING

CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE CATRIDAGE’s COLOR

Ammonia green
Organic vapor black
Acid gas white
Acid gas & organic vapor yellow
Acid gas, ammonia, & organic vapor brown
Chlorine white & yellow

CARE & MAINTENANCE

HALF-FACE & FULL-FACE CARTRIDGE RESPIRATORS

Respirators must be Cleaning is especially

cleaned, inspected and important in dusty
maintained regularly. areas.

Allow to dry
Clean in warm soapy
thoroughly before
water.
storing or using

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SUPPLIED AIR RESPIRATORS

AIRLINE SCBA
RESPIRATOR Self Containing
Breathing Apparatus

WHEN ARE THEY REQUIRED?

% OXYGEN SYMPTOMS
19.5% - 16% Fatigue, mild impaired
coordination
Oxygen deficiency 16% - 12% Increased breathing rate and
pulse; impaired coordination,
perception or judgment
12% - 10% Further increased breathing rate,
blue lips, mental confusion
High levels of toxic 10% - 8% Fainting, nausea, vomiting,
chemicals in the air – mental confusion within few
minutes
above “IDLH” levels 8% - 6% Collapse, death within 8 minutes
6% - 0% Coma within 40 seconds, death

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ADVANTAGES & LIMITATIONS

AIRLINE RESPIRATORY
Advantages
• continuous air supply,
• lightweight,
• less maintenance,
• don’t need to buy tank air
Limitations
• tied to a 300 ft. hose,
• depends on output of compressor,
• need an attached escape bottle in IDLH conditions

ADVANTAGES & LIMITATIONS

SCBA
Advantages
• highest form of protection,
• can be used anywhere,
• allows unrestricted mobility
Limitations
• heavy & bulky,
• limited air supply(30 - 60 min.),
• extensive training required,
• high maintenance

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STORAGE & MAINTENANCE

AIRLINE RESPIRATOR

Store facepiece and Coil up hose and store

regulator in clean, dry in protected area to
place prevent damage.

Clean as needed before Inspect facepiece and

storage – especially the hose for damage and
inside of the facepiece. replace as needed.

STORAGE & MAINTENANCE

SCBA

Cylinders must be
Air cylinders must be at least
hydrostatically tested every 5
90% full while in storage.
years.

Check low pressure alarms

and regulators before each
use and monthly when not in
use.

Regulator
Pressure Gauge & Alarm

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RESPIRATORY SELECTION FOR ROUTINE USE OF

RESPIRATORS
HAZARD

OXYGEN DEFICIENCY TOXIC CONTAMINANT

PRESSURE DEMAND
PRESSURE DEMAND
SCBA
AIR LINE RESPIRATOR
WITH IDLH NOT IDLH
ESCAPE PROVISION

PRESSURE DEMAND
GAS OR VAPOR
SCBA

PRESSURE DEMAND
AIR LINE RESPIRATOR GAS OR VAPOR AND
WITH PARTICULATE
ESCAPE PROVISION

PARTICULATE

RESPIRATORY SELECTION FOR ROUTINE USE OF

RESPIRATORS
NON IDLH

PARTICULATE
GAS OR VAPOR

GAS OR VAPOR
PARTICULATE
AND

AIR – PURIFYING
GAS MASK
RESPIRATOR

RESPIRATOR

RESPIRATOR

GAS MASK
CARTRIDGE

RESPOIRATOR
COMBINATION
CHEMICAL

RESPIRATOR

RESPIRATOR
RESPIRATOR
AIR LINE

AIR LINE

CARTRIDGE

AIRLINE

POWER

FILTER
FILTER
PLUS

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HEAD PROTECTION

HEAD PROTECTION

Impact Hard Electrical Hard Bump Caps

Hats Hats

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IMPACT HARD HATS

Most hard hats provide Some hard hats are designed

protection from impact or to protect from lateral
penetration only. impact as well as top impact.

Some hats have a full brim

for rain protection

ELECTRICAL HARD HATS

This special type provides both impact

protection and protection from either
high or low voltage electricity.

Electrically insulating hardhats are

labeled “Class E or G” and are used by
workers doing electrical work.
• Class E is for high voltage
• class G is for low voltage below 2200 volts.

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BUMP CAPS

Bump caps do not have a suspension

Bump caps are made from lightweight
plastic and are designed only to
protect you from bumping your head
on protruding objects.
system to protect you from falling
objects nor do they protect you from
electrical shocks.

WARNING: You can never substitute a

bump cap for a hard hat.

WHERE ARE HARD HATS REQUIRED?

Any worksite where you Around or under scaffolds

are potentially exposed to or other overhead
flying or falling objects, structures,

Any other locations

Any demolition work with
required by company
overhead hazards,
policy

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Care & Maintenance

Head Protection
• Clean your hard hat as needed to remove oil, grease, chemicals, and sweat that
can collect in and around your hat.
• You can clean your hat with mild soap and hot water for 5-10 minutes. Rinse with
clear water, wipe, and let air dry.
• Because prolonged exposure to sunlight and heat can damage your hat, store it
in a clean, dry, and cool location out of direct sunlight.
• Inspect headwear before each use for any visible signs of dents, cracks, gouges,
penetration, chalking, loss of gloss or any other signs of damage that might
reduce the degree of safety originally provided

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
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EQUIPMENT

USE OF HARD HATS

Don’t use paint, solvents, Don’t transport headwear in

gasoline, chemicals, or harsh rear windows of vehicles since
cleaning materials on the sunlight and extreme heat will
shell. weaken it.

Don’t put anything in the

space between the suspension
and the shell.

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HARD HAT SUSPENSION

WHAT’S UNDER THE SHELL

Replace suspension when

Inspect suspension before
damage or defects are
every use.
detected.

The normal service life of Don’t mix different

the suspension is about manufacturer suspension
one year of regular use. types and hard hats.

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FOOT PROTECTION

WHERE ARE FOOT PROTECTION REQUIRED?

Heavy objects such as barrels Sharp objects such as nails or

or tools that might roll onto spikes that might pierce
or fall on employees’ feet ordinary shoes

Molten metal that might

Hot or wet surfaces
splash on feet

Slippery surfaces

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FOOT PROTECTION
Buffalo leather Comfort strip

Elastis

PU/Eva Insole
Anti static
Thread stitch 200 Joules rating
Steel teo cap to
EN 345

Heel support for

Shape retention

Steel Midsole for Penetration resistance to 1100 Newtons OUTSOLE (TPU) & PU

ANTI STATIC TEST

(100 K OHMS – 1000M OHMS)

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INSOLE

200 JOULES RATING STEEL TOE CAP TO

EN345-1

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IMPACT TEST

RESULT

BEFORE AFTER

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Steel Midsole for Penetration resistance to

1100 Newtons

NAIL PENETRATION TEST

Steel Midsole for Penetration resistance to 1100 Newton

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FOOT PROTECTION

FOOT PROTECTION

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To ensure the best service and wear from the

footwear, it is important to note the
following:
Inventory management (Distributors or
customers)
Not to stock unpopular styles/models and
sizes (e.g. 3, 4, 5, 10 11,13)
Draw stocks based on first in first out principle

Identification of manufacturing date –

Manufacturing clock on outer sole (Year
01,02,03 and arrow points to month),
manufacturing date label on shoe boxes
and cartons indicated by colour to denote
period of manufacture.
W ARNA PUTIH
PROD UKSI JAN – M AR 05 BULAN PRODUKS
Bln 11

STICKER QC CHECKED

TANDA ARAH
TAHUN PRODUKSIBULAN PRODUKSI
Tahun 04

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CARE & MAINTENANCE

FOOT PROTECTION

Select and use the right kind of Avoid footwear made of leather or Inspect your footwear before you
footwear for the job you are going cloth if you work around acids or use them. Look for holes and
to be performing. caustics.. cracks that might leak.

After working with chemicals,

Replace footwear that is worn or hose your footwear with water to Avoid borrowing footwear.
torn. rinse away any chemicals or dirt Footwear is PPE
before removing your footwear.

Store footwear in a clean, cool,

dry, ventilated area.

HAND PROTECTION

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GLOVES CAN PROTECT HANDS FROM

Knives, sharp Chemicals Excessive Electricity

edges, splinters vibration

Hot objects Extreme cold blood & bodily

fluids

TYPES OF GLOVES

LEATHER GLOVES protect your
hands from rough surfaces
SPECIAL INSULATED GLOVES
can provide protection from
hot objects
CUT-RESISTANT GLOVES ANTI-VIBRATION GLOVES
prevent or reduce cuts from reduce the effects of
knives or sharp edges excessive vibration from
hand-tools and machinery

DISPOSABLE GLOVES CHEMICAL RESISTANT GLOVES ELECTRICALLY INSULATED

protect against blood and prevent contact with chemicals GLOVES to handle live wires
or energized electrical
germs in healthcare
equipment

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GLOVE LIMITATIONS

Gloves can get caught in rotating Some people are allergic to latex
machinery gloves

Gloves can fail in conditions of

Gloves can actually cause more
extreme temperatures, high
problems if chemicals get inside
mechanical force, high vibration or
glove.
handling extremely harsh chemicals.

CARE & MAINTENANCE

HAND PROTECTION

Your hands should be Fabric and leather gloves Latex gloves should not
clean before using should be cleaned be used by latex-sensitive
gloves. regularly or discarded. people.

Replace gloves if they

have cuts, tears, holes or Make sure gloves are the Use the right glove for
right length for the job. the job
defects.

Remove contaminated
gloves safely and
properly

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BODY PROTECTION

BODY PROTECTION

Major Causes of Body Injuries

• Intense heat
• Splashes of hot metals and other hot liquids
• Impacts from tools, machinery, and materials
• Cuts
• Hazardous chemicals
• Radiation

Provide protective clothing for parts of the body

exposed to possible injury

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TYPES OF BODY PROTECTION

Cooling Vest Full Body Suit Coveralls Sleeves and

Apron

FALL PROTECTION

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FALL PROTECTION

Fall Restraint
• equipment that prevents a
free fall in the first place.

Fall Arrest
• equipment that stops a free
fall in progress (in the middle
of the fall).

FALL RESTRAINT – THREE TYPES

Personal fall restraint – a body Guardrails Warning line and safety

belt or harness connected to an monitor person
anchor to prevent you from
going over the edge of the roof

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PERSONAL FALL RESTRAINT

BODY BELT FULL BODY

HARNESS

FALL ARREST – TWO TYPES USED IN ROOFING

Equals
Under 10’ fall
distance

Personal Fall Arrest - Catch Platform –

full body harness is sometimes used on
the most common large buildings

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WHY WAIST BELTS ARE NOT SAFE

FALL ARREST EQUIPMENT USE

Do inspect for wear Do remove from

and damage before service after a fall for
use. inspection.

Don’t use to lift Don’t attach to

materials guardrails or hoists

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SUMMARY
Use engineering and work
Assess the workplace for practice controls to eliminate
hazards or reduce hazards before using
PPE

Select appropriate PPE to

protect employees from Inform employees why the
PPE is necessary, how and
hazards that cannot be
eliminated when it must be worn

Train employees how to use

and care for their PPE, Require employees to wear
including how to recognize selected PPE
deterioration and failure

PPE REQUIREMENT

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PPE REQUIREMENT

TERIMA KASIH
iting_shofwati@uinjkt.ac.id atau iting_shofwati@yahoo.com
081389115929/085100853374

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