Noun-Pronoun

Parts of Speech

1. Noun kata benda

Subject & Object
2. Pronoun k. ganti
3. Verb k. kerja Verb/Predicate
4. Adjective k. sifat
Pelengkap Noun & Verb
5. Adverb k. keterangan
6. Conjunction k. hubung
Connector/Penghubung
7. Preposition k. depan
8. Interjection k. seru Exclamatory/k. Seru
*jarang muncul di soal TOEFL

Basic Grammar 1
 Daftar
isi
Noun
✓ Apa saja Noun itu?

✓ Countable VS Uncountable

Kata Benda ✓ Singular VS Plural

✓ Other Noun Forms

✓ TOEFL Materials
 Semua Nama Hewan &
John, Michael, Budi, Jakarta, Indonesia,
Spaghetti, Gado-Gado ……
Tumbuhan
Tree, Apple, Rose, Pineapple ……
Cat, Mouse, Dog, Fish ….

Profesi
Farmer, Teacher, Architect, Lawyer…...
Noun
“kata Benda”
Hobi “Benda”
Water, Fire, Wind, Earth, Sun ….
Swimming, Fishing, Singing, Dancing…... Inspiration, Happiness, Anger, ….
Countable Uncountable
Bisa dihitung
one table, three books,

ten students. Five cats…

Vs Tidak bisa dih
Money, water, wind, happiness,
inspiration, fire.

Cairan (water, oil, honey, milk, tea,

syrup…)
Gas (Air, Oxygen, Hydrogen,
Nitrogen…)
Abstrak (happiness, inspiration, luck,
anger, laziness,…)
 Singular & Plural

Regular Irregular
(Berpola, hanya ditambah –s/-es/-ies) (tidak berpola, harus dihafal)

Book --- Books Tooth --- Teeth

Student --- Students Glass --- Glasses Child --- Children

House --- Houses Class --- Classes Mouse --- Mice

Bag --- Bags Box --- Boxes

Tomato --- Tomatoes Man --- Men
Woman --- Women

Baby --- Babies

City --- Cities Sheep --- Sheep
Deer --- Deer

Basic Grammar 1
Bentuk Noun yang lain
• Noun Plural yang mengalami perubahan tanpa pola dari Bentuk Singularnya
Man-Men, Woman-Women, Mouse-Mice, Child-Children, Tooth-Teeth …….

• Noun yang bentuk Pluralnya tidak mengalami perubahan

Deer-Deer, Sheep- Sheep, Fish-Fish (Fishes)…….

• Noun yang selalu berpasangan

Eyes, Pants, Shoes, Ears, Legs, Eyeglasses, Scissors….

• Noun yang berakhiran –s tapi bukan plural (biasanya adalah nama bidang studi)
News, Economics, Mathematics, Physics, Politics, Statistics……

Basic Grammar 1
Pronoun
Kata Ganti
Pronoun
Possessive Possessive
Subjek Objek Reflexive
Adjective Pronoun

Saya I Me My… ...Mine Myself

Kamu You You Your… ...Yours Yourself

Mereka They Them Their… …Theirs Themselves

Kita We Us Our… …Ours Ourselves

Dia (Lk) He Him His… …His Himself

Dia (Pr) She Her Her… …Hers Herself

Hewan/Benda It It Its… - Itself

BasicBasic
Grammar
Grammar11
Subject – Object
You help we (incorrect)
You help us (correct)
Singular Plural
Karena we dibelakang verb help maka harus diubah menjadi objek yaitu us.

Dekat This These

Possessive (Kepemilikan)
(Adjective-Pronoun) Jauh That Those
This is my book (my + Noun) Reflexive
Ini adalah bukuku I do my homework by myself
This book is mine. (to be + mine.) Aku mengerjakan PRku sendiri.
Buku ini adalah milikku

Demonstrative
This is a book That is an apple
These are three books Those are many apples

Basic Grammar 1
Another-Other

Another untuk 1 Noun

Other untuk banyak Noun

I have many friends, other friends are from Japan and

another friend is from Malaysia.

Willa Cather is known for My Antonia and another novels of the American frontier. (incorrect)
other novels (correct)

The best way for children to learn science is to perform experiments himself. (incorrect)
themselves (correct)

Basic Grammar 1
Latihan Soal
Part of Speech
Tandai dimana letak Noun dan Pronoun dibawah ini!

Example:
There are many boys with me in the football field.
Noun Pron. N N

1. They went to the mall last night by driving car.

2. He asked us to go to the party with him.

3. Banks in the downtown will be closed on public holidays.

4. My brothers will be here next week to meet you.

5. She will be here tomorrow for the singing competition.

Basic Grammar 1
Grammar Exercise

1. There are many _____________ in that family.

A. childs B. children C. child

2. She and _____ parent moved to this city last week.

A. her B. hers C. herself

3. My cat just catches two _______ in this morning.

A. mouse B. mouses C. mice

Basic Grammar 1
Grammar Exercise
NEW SKILL: USE THE CORRECT SINGULAR OR PLURAL NOUN

A problem that is common in written expression questions on the TOEFL test is a singular
noun used where a plural noun is needed, or a plural noun used where a singular noun is
needed.
On the table there were many dish*.
The lab assistant finished every tests*.
In the first example, many indicates that the plural dishes is needed. In the second example,
every indicates that the singular test is needed.

Basic Grammar 1
EXERCISE: USE THE CORRECT SINGULAR OR PLURAL NOUN

Basic Grammar 1
EXERCISE: USE THE CORRECT SINGULAR OR PLURAL NOUN

Basic Grammar 1
TOEFL Exercise
Errors with Singular and Plural Nouns
Determiner used with Singular Determiner used with Plural Noun

a/an two, three, our, etc.

one dozens of
a single hundreds of
each thousands of Each contestant won a prize.
every a few (of) Each of the contestants won a prize.
this many (of)
that a number of This flower is a yellow rose.
the number of These flowers are yellow roses.
everyone of
each one of I attended only one game this season.
each of many (of) It was one of the most exciting games that I ever
one of
these attended.
those

Basic Grammar 1
Error Analysis (TOEFL Exercise)

Perhatikan kata yang digarisbawahi, ganti dengan kata yang benar!

Example:

Artist Margaret Leng Tan combined dance and piano playing in hers performances.

Hers bertemu dengan Noun, Ingat materi tentang (My + Noun) jadi Hers harus diganti dengan her
Her performances

1. Bees collect pollen, which furnishes protein for its diet.

2. A small business often limits their operations to a single neighborhood or a group of ……..

Basic Grammar 1
TOEFL Practice
Berikan Pengganti yang tepat!

1. Several of Washington Irving's story have become classics in American literature.

A B C D

2. Mauna Loa, an active volcano on the island of Hawaii, usually has one eruptions every three years.
A B C D

3. As childs grow older, their hones become thicker and longer.

A B C D

4. The Newberry Award is granted every years to the authors of outstanding books for children.
A B C D

Basic Grammar 1
Any Questions?