Bluestone Education
S.NO LESSON
1 Human skeletal and muscular systems
2 CELLS
3 RESPIRATORY AND EXCRETORY systems
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Know the parts of the human skeletal
system and muscular system.
• Know the structure and function of
bone.
• Distinguish between the types of
joints in the human skeletal system.
• Distinguish between the types of
muscles in the muscular system.
• Explain how muscles, bones and joints
function together for movement and
posture.
• Children should understand that a cell
is a basic unit of life
• Learn about different parts of a plant
and animal cell.
• Children should understand the
functions of a cell.
• Should compare the similarities and
differences in a plant and animal.
• We will understand respiration.
• We will learn the exchange of gases in
cells and tissues.
• We will understand the functions of
the respiratory organs.
• Understand the exchange of gases in
human body.
THEMES HAVE YOU EVER WONDERED
Masseter muscle is the strongest
muscle of the human body. It is
located in the jaw. It has densely
Human Body
packed muscle fibres that help in
grinding or crushing the food with
the teeth.
The average person's body has
around 37.2 trillion cells, which is
more than the number of seconds
Biology
in a million years and way more
than the stars in our Milky Way
galaxy, by 372 times.
Each kidney is of your fist size and
Human Body each kidney has about one million
filtering units called nephrons.
VALUE ADDITION
Sometimes you feel pain or strain in your
muscles. Why do you think so? Explain.
Do it yourself
Material: Eggs -2, vinegar, salt water, Corn
flour and beaker.
Procedure
Take a 200 ml vinegar and in different jars
with lids.
Carefully place the egg in the vinegar.
Tighten the lid and leave it for a day.
Remove the egg carefully with a spoon and
rinse under water.
Measure each egg using either a measuring
tape or a balance.
Pour 200 ml water in one beaker and corn
flour mixed with water in another beaker.
Now carefully lower the egg into each
beaker. Leave eggs inside for 48 hours.
Use spoon and remove the eggs and rinse
them under water.
Measure the eggs again using the same
measuring tool. Record the observation in
the table.
Test how much air you can breathe in a
minute.
REFLECTIVE LEARNING
Joints help us bend and fold. Try and
walk in the classroom from one end to
another without bending your knees.
Also, try to climb the stairs without
bending your knees. Do you find it easy
or difficult? Why?
Write the organelles of plant cell and
animal cell.
Breathing Reflection:
Ask the children to think about moments
when they felt their breath, such as after
running or during a deep breath.
Have them describe how it felt, whether
it was fast or slow, and if they noticed
any changes in their body during those
moments.
Encourage them to draw or write about
their experiences and any questions
they have about breathing.
CONNECTIVE DOTS LET'S RESEARCH KNOWLEDGE SHARING
Take two chenille sticks. Bend a loop in
one end of each.
2. String pasta wheels and candy circles
on the other stick. Make a chart on different bones, joints
If our backbone is a single bone instead
3. Fold both ends of the stick, so that and muscles. Include information such
of small series of small bones. What
the pasta and candy do not slip off. as their location and function.
would happen?
Find out how far you can bend each of Display the chart in the classroom.
the models.
Which of the models represents a
vertebral column?
The size of the cell is 1/1000 times You have learnt much about a cell.
Research if person fall sick do their cells
smaller than a sand particle. Make chart and display in your
fall sick.
Write the given number in decimals. classroom bulletin board.
Many a times machines come to
people’s life rescue. Some times the Drinking adequate water helps flush You have learnt a lot about respiratory
technological advances in medical field toxins away from body. Discover how? and excretory system.
safeguard human life in many ways. Fitness helps people sweat, learn if Draft the information on a chart paper
Meet some of the medical technicians toxins can be eliminated through sweat? and display it in the classroom.
to discover how machines support life.

4 DEFICIENCY and DISEASES
5 ENERGY IN FOOD
6 plant reproduction
7 Air and atmosphere
• Define the terms- health and disease.
• Differentiate between communicable
My Body
non-communicable diseases.
• State the importance of hygiene.
• Identify the parts of a food chain and
food web.
• Explain how energy flows through a
food web.
• Draw, label and create their own food
web.
• Identify the positions of producers, Food we Eat
consumers and decomposers in a food
chain.
• Compare food chains and food webs.
• Use food chains and food webs to
identify feeding relationships and the
flow of energy in an ecosystem.
• What is pollination?
• Describe the reproduction process in
flowering plants. Biology
• How does reproduction occur in non-
flowering plants?
• Define air and wind.
• Explain the formation of sea breeze and Physical
land breeze. Sciences
• Explain the structure of atmosphere.
Do you know dengue spread
through Aedes mosquitoes that
breed in stagnant water at homes?
They breed in dark areas such as
behind curtains, under beds, closets
where they can get protected from
wind, sunlight and rainfall.
Our diet and eating habits
significantly affect our health and
energy. Feeling tired despite
adequate rest and nutrition could
signal an underlying health
problem, possibly diet-related.
Consulting your primary care doctor
or a gastroenterologist can pinpoint
and treat these issues. Seeking
professional medical guidance is
vital for personalized care and
accurate diagnosis, so consider
scheduling an appointment with
Premier Medical Group if you're
uncertain.
Bonsai is a Japanese art of growing
tiny trees in small pots. The word
"bonsai" means planting trees in
pots. It started in ancient China but
became popular and refined in
Japan.
Wind is caused by differences in air
pressure. Air moves from areas of
high pressure to areas of low
pressure, creating wind currents.
The greater the difference in
pressure, the stronger the wind.
You have a younger brother at home who is
little lazy and always fall sick. Doctors
suggested him to maintain healthy habits and
keep surroundings clean. Make a poster to
educate him on the importance of healthy
habits. A sample poster is shown for your
reference.
Environmentalists work with natural
resources and habitat. They try to manage
them. Some environmentalists may even
protect endangered species and prevent
environmental hazards, such as
deforestation.
Do you love to grow many plants and want to
spend time in knowing about plants? Then
you can become a plant ecologist. A plant
ecologist work in knowing about the plants
outdoor and they also test plants in the
laboratory. Plant ecologist study the
interrelationship between plants and the
environment. They study about endangered
species in plants and find the conservation
techniques. A bachelor degree is needed for
beginner to start this job.
Air pollution is a major challenge for the
environment. Make groups of four and
discuss the various causes of air pollution in
your city. Also, discuss the steps that should
be followed to reduce air pollution.
Reena got a project to prepare
deficiency diseases chart with their
symptoms. Reena prepared and
displayed it in the classroom. Teacher
told her that there are mistakes in the
chart. Identify the mistakes and prepare
a correct chart for Reena.
Animals play an essential role in
maintaining a healthy environment.
Wildlife maintains balance in
ecosystems. Every living thing is
connected. If a species has a unique
function in its ecosystem, its loss can
prompt cascading effects through the
food chain , impacting other species and
the ecosystem itself.
You have studied about different plant
reproduction methods. Try growing a
sugar cane using stem cutting methods.
An ozone layer in the stratosphere
absorbs the ultraviolet rays from the
Sun. Ultraviolet rays are harmful rays
cause diseases such as cataract and skin describing the pollution due to near by
cancer. Thinning of the ozone layer due garbage bin beside your colony.
to air pollutants is known as the ozone
hole or ozone depletion.
Write a poem on balanced diet.
Prevent cutting down of the forest,
arrest poaching of wild animals.
Imagine you have a kitchen garden with
25 herbs and 3 flowering plants like
rose, marigold and lilies. 7 non flowering
plants like moss. What fraction of herbs
are there in the garden?
Write a email municipal commissioner
We know that mosquito repellants
protect us from mosquito bite. But
using mosquito repellants is harmful for
health. Find out why?
Why do you think people should eat
more green vegetables? Has it some
connect to sunlight?
Find out different techniques of
growing the crops.
1. Why is stratosphere suitable for flying
planes?
2. Can airplanes fly in the troposphere? Make a poster on the different layers of
Why?
3. Does the moon have an atmosphere? classroom for 2 minutes.
4. What would happen if Earth did not
have an atmosphere?
You have understood many things
about nutritional deficiency diseases.
Make a group of 3 students each and
talk about each disease at least for 2
minutes. Make sure that everyone
participates.
Beavers are important in mitigating the
effects of climate change. When a
beaver moves in, the dam that they
build hold essential waters in place,
keeping them from drying up. Not only
they help to preserve water, but also
provide important habitats, creating a
haven for biodiversity.
Let’s learn about how animals save nuts
for future needs and forget about them
in due course of time, this can actually
grow into a new plant. Thanks for the
little one who planted the mighty trees.
atmosphere and talk about it in the

State different states of matter.
Know the properties of different states of
matter.
8 physical & Chemical changes
Experiment how matter changes from
one form to another.
Explain the different forms of matter.
Chemical changes happen when
substances react and change their
chemical identity, while physical
changes just change how something
looks or feels. For example, burning
Physical and
wood is a chemical change, while
Chemical
melting ice is a physical change.
Physical changes can often be
undone with energy, but chemical
changes can only be reversed by
more chemical reactions.
Have a discussion in class on how the burning
of garbage is harmful to the environment.
Also, discuss how it can impact our health.
Write about a day in life when you were
Think of ways in which different waste Write a paragraph on different chemical
Write an experiment to show physical How can you tell that water vapour is affected by precipitation in your life.
materials can be reused/recycled. Plan a class and physical changes you observe in
and chemical changes. present in air? Include details about what you did and
exhibition of items made from waste your surroundings.
why?
products. Then, discuss cutting a tree – is it a
reversible or irreversible change and what
are the consequences?

Levers are found in our body too.

9 simple machines
Our arms and feet are examples of
Define tools Identify various tools that
levers in our body. The interaction Form a group of six students and act like
help in our daily life List the types of Make a list of ten simple machines that are Did early humans used simple You have understood many things
of the bones and muscles produce a simple machines. How would you
simple machines Name the types of used in your family. Categorize them into Make a screw using paper and pencil. machines? Paste the pictures of simple about simple machines and uses. Share
effort at joint which is a fulcrum. decide the simple machine that is more
simple machines Describe the uses of different types. machines used by early humans. your knowledge with your friend.
The elbow acts like a lever in arms. valuable?
different simple machines
An elbow acts like fulcrum to lift
load.

Friction is a kind of force that happens when

Distinguish between force, motion and
energy Describes the movements of
10 Force and Work
things around them Investigate the
positions of force, motion and energy
two things rub against each other. It can
either make things slow down or stop them
from moving. Why we slow down on a Slide:
When you slide down a playground slide, we
You won’t find it difficult to eat might notice that you slow down as you Understanding the concept of force and Use the key words given below and
You have understood about the
food and drink juices or carbonated reach the bottom. That's because the slide's its various types opens up insights into write a paragraph on the effect of force.
Physical Research and find about magnetic force different types of forces and effect of
drinks on Earth. But you cannot do surface creates friction with our clothes or the fundamental principles governing Potter clayknead shapes force push
Element and electrostatic force. forces. Discuss in the group and talk
this in space because there is no skin, which slows us down. Stopping a motion and interactions in the physical wheel pots, flower vase, cooking pot,
about it for two minutes.
gravity. Bicycle: When we ride a bicycle and want to world. water, rotate
stop, we squeeze the brakes. The brakes
create friction between the brake pads and
the wheels, which helps us to slow down and
eventually stop. Look for similar examples
and share it with your classmates.