EVS 3, 4 and 5 Planners

Teacher Manual: Lesson on Living and Non-Living Things
Cross-Connect
Reflective Value Critical Skill
Topics to Other
Learning Addition Thinking Development
Subjects
Discuss
Understanding Science: Basic Compare and
personal
the basic Biology; Social contrast living Observation,
Living and Non- experiences
concepts of life Studies: Human and non-living Comparison,
Living Things with
and Impact on objects in the Classification
pets/plants vs.
environment Environment classroom
toys/furniture
Health Analyze how
Reflect on Awareness of
Characteristics Education: different living Research,
personal biological
and Features of Human body; things share Analysis,
health and processes and
Living Things Science: common Presentation
growth health
Anatomy features
Discuss why
Physics: Matter
Characteristics Identify non- Recognizing certain objects
and Materials; Classification,
and Features of living objects non-living are non-living
Technology: Logical
Non-Living in their resources and despite some
Man-made Reasoning
Things surroundings their uses similarities to
objects
living things
Explore how
Reflect on History: Fossils
Understanding fossils are Inquiry,
personal and Dinosaurs;
Things which life cycles and formed and Interpretation,
memories of Geography:
were once living natural what they tell Scientific
deceased Natural
processes us about the Method
pets/plants Resources
past
Care for a Science: Discuss what
Understanding Gardening,
classroom Botany; plants need to
plant life and Observation,
Needs of Plants plant and Environmental grow and why
importance of Critical
observe its Studies: these needs are
flora Analysis
growth Ecosystems essential
Analyze how
Care for a
Understanding Science: different Empathy,
classroom pet
Needs of animal life and Zoology; Social animals meet Observation,
or observe
Animals importance of Studies: Animal their needs in Environmental
animals in the
fauna Husbandry various Awareness
community
environments
Biology:
Reflect on Compare the
Understanding Reproduction;
personal advantages and Comparative
Viviparous birth and Health
experiences disadvantages Analysis,
Animals development in Education:
with pets or of viviparous Research
mammals Human
farm animals reproduction
Development
Cross-Connect
Topics to Other
Subjects
Understanding
Investigate how Observational
Discuss eggs the Biology: Life
different Skills,
Oviparous as part of diet reproductive Cycles;
oviparous Analytical
Animals and their strategies of Nutrition: Food
animals care Thinking,
sources oviparous Sources
for their eggs Research
animals
Detailed Explanations for Each Column
Reflective Learning:
 Encourages students to connect the lesson content with their personal experiences and
observations, fostering a deeper understanding and personal connection to the material.
Value Addition:
 Highlights the importance and relevance of the lesson content to real-world scenarios,
promoting a practical understanding and appreciation of the concepts taught.
Cross-Connect to Other Subjects:
 Shows how the lesson content integrates with other subject areas, reinforcing
interdisciplinary learning and helping students see the interconnectedness of knowledge.
Critical Thinking:
 Encourages students to analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information, fostering higher-

order thinking skills and problem-solving abilities.
Skill Development:
 Focuses on the specific skills that students will develop through the lesson activities, such
as observation, research, analysis, and presentation skills, which are essential for their
academic and personal growth.
Cross-Connect
Reflective Critical Skill
Topics Value Addition to Other
Learning Thinking Development
Subjects
Reflect on Analyze the
personal Understanding Physical efficiency of
My Observation,
physical the human body Education: the human
Magnificent Analytical
experiences as an integrated Exercise and body
Machine Thinking
(e.g., running, system fitness compared to
breathing) machines
Compare
Parts of the Personal Science:
Knowledge of functions of Identification,
Body and awareness of Biology; Health
anatomy and different body Description,
Their body parts Education:
personal health parts and their Explanation
Functions and their roles Human anatomy
importance
Reflect on Discuss the
Social Studies: Critical
Why We Are physical and Understanding genetic basis
Diversity and Analysis,
Different from genetic genetics and for differences
culture; Science: Research,
One Another diversity in individuality among
Genetics Empathy
the classroom individuals
Explain the
Science: Research,
The Role of Discuss how Understanding hierarchy of
Biology; Health Critical
Cells, Tissues, minor injuries the basic building organization in
Education: Thinking,
and Organs heal blocks of life the human
Cellular health Explanation
body
Compare the
Reflect on Science:
Understanding roles of
External and visible body Anatomy; Observation,
the structure and different
Internal parts vs. Health Analytical
function of organs in
Organs internal Education: Body Thinking
organs maintaining
organs systems
health
Discuss the
Personal Science:
Knowledge of the importance of
Skeletal experience Biology; Diagramming,
body’s the skeletal
System: Skull, with growth Physical Analysis,
framework and system in
Rib and bone Education: Body Research
protection protection and
injuries movements
support
Science: Analyze the
Personal
Biology; interaction Observation,
Muscular experience Understanding
Physical between Analytical
System and Its with muscle muscle function
Education: muscles and Thinking,
Support fatigue or and health
Exercise and bones in Diagramming
strength
fitness movement
Circulatory Reflect on Understanding Science: Discuss the Measurement,
Cross-Connect
Subjects
Biology; Health
importance of
the transportation
heartbeat and Education: circulation in Analysis,
System system within the
pulse Cardiovascular
maintaining Research
body
health body functions
Explain the
Science:
Reflect on Knowledge of process of Diagramming,
Digestive Biology; Health
eating and nutrition and digestion and Explanation,
System Education:
digestion body fuel nutrient Analysis
Nutrition
absorption
Personal Understanding Discuss how
Science: Diagramming,
experiences the control and the nervous
Nervous Biology; Health Analytical
with reflexes communication system
System Education: Thinking,
and system of the coordinates
Mental health Research
sensations body body activities
Science:
Knowledge of Analyze the
Biology;
Reflect on how the body importance of Observation,
Respiratory Physical
breathing and takes in oxygen respiration in Explanation,
System Education:
exercise and expels carbon energy Diagramming
Exercise and
dioxide production
fitness
Personal
Explain how
experiences Understanding Science:
the excretory Analysis,
Excretory with body waste Biology; Health
system Diagramming,
System hydration and management and Education:
removes waste Research
waste health Hygiene
from the body
elimination
Science: Compare the
Understanding Research,
Discussing Biology; Health reproductive
Reproductive human Critical
family traits Education: system’s role
System reproduction and Thinking,
and lineage Reproductive in species
growth Explanation
health continuity
 Encourages students to relate the content to their personal experiences, deepening their
understanding and engagement with the material.
Value Addition:
 Highlights the practical significance of the lesson, demonstrating its relevance to everyday
life and health.
 Illustrates the interdisciplinary nature of the content, helping students see how the
knowledge applies across different fields of study.
Critical Thinking:
 Promotes analysis, evaluation, and synthesis of information, encouraging students to think

deeply and solve problems.
Skill Development:
 Focuses on specific skills that students will develop, such as observation, analysis,
research, and presentation, which are essential for their academic and personal growth.
Cross-Connect
opics to Other
Subjects
Reflect on
personal Observation,
Plants and Understanding Biology; basic needs of
experiences Comparison,
Animals biodiversity Geography: plants and
with plants Classification
Ecosystems animals
and pets
Analyze how
Science:
Identify plant Understanding each part of a Diagramming,
Plant Parts and Botany; Art:
parts from plant structure plant Analysis,
Functions Drawing plant
home/garden and growth contributes to Identification
diagrams
its survival
Environmental Discuss the
Reflect on Research,
Awareness of Science: ecological and
Importance of benefits from Critical
environmental Ecosystems; economic
Plants and Trees trees (shade, Thinking,
importance Social Studies: importance of
fruit) Explanation
Conservation plants
Science: Explain the
Food Observe a Chemistry; process of Experimentation
Understanding
Preparation in plant’s need Environmental photosynthesi , Analysis,
photosynthesis
Plants for sunlight Science: s and its Explanation
Energy flow importance
Kinds of Roots Compare roots Knowledge of Science: Discuss the Observation,
of different root types and Botany; adaptive Classification,
plants at functions Agriculture: significance Analysis
Cross-Connect
opics to Other
Subjects
Crop of different
home/school
production root types
Science:
Botany; Compare
Observe stems Diagramming,
Understanding Physical functions of
Kinds of Stems of various Classification,
stem functions Education: different types
plants Explanation
Structure and of stems
support
Knowledge of Science: Discuss the
Diagramming,
Flowers and Identify parts flower anatomy Botany; Art: role of flowers
Identification,
Their Parts of a flower and Flower in plant
Explanation
reproduction sketching reproduction
Science: Analyze the
Observe Understanding Observation,
Botany; various
Fruits and Seeds different fruits seed dispersal Classification,
Nutrition: methods of
and seeds and growth Analysis
Fruits in diet seed dispersal
Explain how
Identify Understanding Science: leaves Diagramming,
Leaves and
different leaf leaf structure Botany; Art: contribute to Identification,
Their Parts
parts and function Leaf rubbings photosynthesi Explanation
s
Science:
Germinate Discuss
Biology; Experimentation
Seed seeds and Understanding conditions
Agriculture: , Observation,
Germination observe plant life cycle necessary for
Plant Analysis
growth germination
cultivation
Science: Compare
Animals: Observe local Understanding Zoology; features of Classification,
Vertebrates and animals/insect animal Environmental vertebrates Identification,
Invertebrates s classification Science: and Research
Biodiversity invertebrates
Observe Discuss the
Features in Science:
animal Understanding evolutionary Observation,
Animals (tail, Zoology; Art:
features in animal advantages of Analysis,
horns, tusks, Animal
local adaptations various Explanation
etc.) drawings
environment features
Science:
Birds and Their Analyze how
Observe birds Understanding Ornithology; Observation,
Features (beaks, different
in the bird anatomy Physical Identification,
wings, feathers, features help
community and adaptation Education: Bird Analysis
etc.) birds survive
watching
Reptiles, Compare Knowledge of Science: Discuss the Classification,
Cross-Connect
opics to Other
Subjects
Amphibians, Zoology; distinguishing
different Research,
Fish, Mammals, animal diversity Geography: features of
animal classes Analysis
Invertebrates Animal habitats each class
Compare
Observe Science:
herbivores, Classification,
Eating Practices feeding habits Understanding Biology; Health
carnivores, Analysis,
of Animals of animal diets Education:
and Research
pets/wildlife Nutrition
omnivores
Discuss Science:
Herbivores, examples of Knowledge of Biology; Explain the Comparison,
Carnivores, each from dietary Environmental role of each in Analysis,
Omnivores personal classifications Science: Food the ecosystem Explanation
experience chains
Science: Discuss the
Observe
Understanding Ecology; importance of Observation,
Decomposers decomposers
the role of Environmental decomposers Analysis,
and Scavengers in a compost
decomposers Science: in nutrient Explanation
bin
Recycling cycling
Science:
Understanding Biology; Diagramming,
How Does food chains in flow of energy
energy transfer Environmental Analysis,
Energy Flow? local through a food
in ecosystems Science: Research
ecosystem web
Energy cycles
Science:
Discuss
Awareness of Ecology; Social Critical
Reflect on examples of
Interdependenc ecosystem Studies: Thinking,
relationships symbiosis,
y interdependenc Community Analysis,
in nature predation, and
e interdependenc Explanation
competition
e
 Encourages students to relate lesson content to personal experiences, enhancing their

engagement and understanding of the material.
Value Addition:
 Highlights the practical significance of the lesson, showing how the concepts apply to
everyday life and the environment.
 Illustrates how the lesson content integrates with other subjects, promoting interdisciplinary
learning and showing the interconnectedness of knowledge.
Critical Thinking:
 Fosters analysis, evaluation, and synthesis of information, encouraging students to think

Skill Development:
 Focuses on specific skills such as observation, classification, research, and explanation,

essential for academic and personal growth.
Cross-Connect
opics to Other
Subjects
Reflect on
Science:
daily
Environmental Compare the
experiences Understanding Observation,
Air and Science; roles of air and
with air and the basic needs Analysis,
Water Geography: water in
water for life Comparison
Natural sustaining life
(breathing,
Resources
drinking)
Discuss Science: Earth Analyze how
Awareness of
personal Science; the atmosphere Research,
the layers and
Atmosphere experiences Geography: protects and Analysis,
importance of
with weather Weather and supports life on Explanation
the atmosphere
and climate Climate Earth
Health
Reflect on the Discuss how
Understanding Education:
necessity of air quality Observation,
Importance of air’s role in Respiratory
air for affects health Critical Thinking,
Air supporting life System;
breathing and and the Explanation
and processes Science:
combustion environment
Combustion
Composition
of Air Reflect on
Knowledge of Chemistry; roles of Analysis,
(Nitrogen, breathing and
the components Environmental different gases Research,
Oxygen, the air we
of air Science: Air in the Explanation
Carbon breathe
Quality atmosphere
Dioxide)
Wind Reflect on Understanding Geography: Discuss how Observation,
experiences the role of wind Weather wind affects Analysis,
Cross-Connect
opics to Other
Subjects
the
with wind Patterns;
in weather and environment
(cooling, Physics: Forces Explanation
climate and human
movement) and Motion
activities
Science:
Experiment Understanding Analyze how
Physics; Experimentation,
Properties of with air physical air’s properties
Environmental Analysis,
Air pressure and properties of impact weather
Science: Air Research
volume air and technology
Pressure
Environmental
Science: Discuss ways
Reflect on
Awareness of Pollution; to reduce air Critical Thinking,
Keeping Air pollution and
air pollution Health pollution and Problem-Solving,
Clean personal
and its effects Education: improve air Advocacy
responsibility
Respiratory quality
Health
Discuss the
importance of
Reflect on the Understanding Science:
water in Observation,
Water and Its necessity of the essential Biology; Health
various Explanation,
Importance water for life role of water in Education:
biological and Analysis
and activities life processes Hydration
ecological
processes
Explain how
Science: Earth
Observe Knowledge of the water cycle Diagramming,
The Water Science;
rainfall and the water cycle supports life Explanation,
Cycle Geography:
water bodies processes and shapes the Research
Hydrology
environment
Environmental Discuss
Awareness of
Science: strategies to
Reflect on water scarcity Critical Thinking,
Conservation Sustainability; conserve water
personal water and Problem-Solving,
of Water Social Studies: at home and
usage conservation Advocacy
Resource community
methods
Management levels
Geography:
Compare
Knowledge of Water Bodies;
different Observation,
Sources of Identify local various natural Environmental
sources of Research,
Water water sources and man-made Science:
water and their Comparison
water sources Resource
importance
Distribution
Water Safety Reflect on safe Understanding Health Discuss Critical Thinking,
drinking water the importance Education: methods to Problem-Solving,
Cross-Connect
opics to Other
Subjects
ensure water
Hygiene;
of clean water safety and
practices Science: Health Awareness
for health prevent
Microbiology
contamination
Analyze the
Awareness of Science:
Reflect on role of water in Observation,
the diverse Chemistry;
Uses of Water daily uses of agriculture, Explanation,
applications of Social Studies:
water industry, and Research
water Agriculture
daily life
 Encourages students to connect the lesson content with their personal experiences and daily
activities, fostering a deeper understanding and personal relevance.
Value Addition:
 Highlights the importance and practical significance of the lesson content, showing its
relevance to everyday life and global issues.
 Demonstrates how the lesson content integrates with other academic subjects, promoting
Critical Thinking:
 Encourages students to analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information, fostering higher-

order thinking skills and problem-solving abilities.
Skill Development:
 Focuses on specific skills that students will develop through the lesson activities, such as
observation, research, analysis, and presentation skills, which are essential for their
academic and personal growth.
Cross-Connect
pics to Other
Subjects
Analyze
Reflect on Understanding Science:
What different Observation,
sounds heard sources of Physics; Music:
Produces sources of Analysis,
daily (voices, sound in the Sound
Sound? sound and Identification
instruments) environment production
their origins
Science: Discuss how
Feel vibrations Understanding Experimentation,
What is Physics; Music: vibrations
from a tuning the physical Observation,
Vibration? Instrument create sound
fork or phone basis of sound Explanation
vibrations waves
Compare high
Explain how
and low Music: Notes Analysis,
What is Understanding frequency
sounds (e.g., and scales; Explanation,
Frequency? pitch and tone affects sound
bird chirps vs. Science: Waves Research
perception
drum beats)
Discuss how
Reflect on Understanding Music:
volume and Measurement,
Define Volume experiences sound intensity Dynamics;
pitch are Analysis,
or Pitch with loud and and pitch Physics: Wave
measured and Explanation
soft sounds variation amplitude
perceived
Reflect on Understanding Science: Explain how
Diagramming,
The Role of personal the ear’s Biology; Health ears detect
Explanation,
Ears hearing function in Education: Ear and process
Research
experiences hearing health sound
Environmental
Identify Compare
Awareness of Science: Nature Observation,
Sources of various sound natural vs.
natural and sounds; Classification,
Sound sources in man-made
artificial sounds Technology: Analysis
environment sound sources
Sound devices
Science:
Reflect on Compare ear
Ears of Understanding Zoology; Research,
animals structures and
Different diversity in Environmental Comparison,
observed in functions
Living Things hearing abilities Science: Explanation
nature/zoo across species
Adaptations
Kinds of Ears
Observe and Science: Discuss how
(Sharp, Understanding Classification,
compare Zoology; Art: different ear
Sensory, adaptations for Analysis,
animal ear Drawing animal types benefit
Invisible, Big, hearing Explanation
types ears animals
Small)
How Do Reflect on Awareness of Science: Analyze the Observation,
Animals Make animals' use of hearing Zoology; role of ears in Research,
Use of Ears? ears for adaptations Environmental animal Analysis
survival Science: behavior
Cross-Connect
pics to Other
Subjects
Predator-prey
relationships
Science: Compare
Examine ear Understanding Diagramming,
Inner and Biology; Health functions of
models or ear anatomy Identification,
External Ear Education: inner and
diagrams and function Explanation
Anatomy outer ear parts
Reflect on
Understanding Biology; Health sound is Explanation,
Output of personal
the process of Education: processed and Analysis,
Ears: Hearing hearing
hearing Sensory interpreted by Research
experiences
systems the brain
Compare Understanding
Science: Analyze how
sound the relationship Comparison,
Sound vs. Biology; ear design
perception in between ear Analysis, Critical
Design of Ear Technology: affects hearing
humans and structure and Thinking
Acoustic design ability
animals function
Discuss the
Measure Science:
Understanding significance of Measurement,
Measurement sound levels Physics;
sound intensity sound Analysis,
of Sound with decibel Mathematics:
measurement measurement Explanation
meter Measurement
in daily life
Discuss
Health
Reflect on strategies to
Awareness of Education: Critical Thinking,
Safety for experiences protect
hearing Safety; Science: Problem-Solving,
Hearing with loud hearing in
protection Physics of Advocacy
environments various
sound
situations
Health
experiences of Understanding effects of Research, Critical
Harmful Education:
discomfort risks of noise noise Thinking,
Hearing Safety; Science:
from loud exposure pollution on Advocacy
Health impacts
sounds health
Science:
Explain the
Reflect on Understanding Biology; Health Diagramming,
The Way Our process from
how we ear function in Education: Explanation,
Ear Works sound wave to
perceive sound detail Sensory Analysis
brain signal
systems
 Encourages students to relate the lesson content to personal experiences and daily
activities, deepening their engagement and understanding.
Value Addition:
 Highlights the practical significance of the lesson, demonstrating its relevance to everyday
life, health, and technology.
 Shows how the lesson content integrates with other subjects, promoting interdisciplinary
learning and helping students see the interconnectedness of knowledge.
Critical Thinking:

Skill Development:
 Focuses on specific skills such as observation, research, analysis, and explanation, essential
for academic and personal growth.
Cross-Connect
opics Value Addition to Other
Subjects
Social Studies: Compare
Reflect on Family family
Understanding Observation,
Me and My personal structures; structures and
family roles and Analysis,
Family experiences Language Arts: roles in
dynamics Communication
with family Writing about different
family cultures
Reflect on Health
What Awareness of Discuss what Self-reflection,
personal Education: Self-
Makes Me individuality and makes each Expression,
strengths and esteem; Art:
Unique self-worth person unique Description
interests Self-portraits
How Do Observe Understanding Science: Analyze how Observation,
Our physical genetics and Genetics; Social features are Comparison,
Features similarities heredity Studies: Family passed down Explanation
Relate to and history through
Cross-Connect
opics Value Addition to Other
Subjects
Our Family differences in
generations
Members family
Compare and
Discuss Science:
What are Awareness of contrast Classification,
common traits Biology; Social
Family inherited and inherited traits Analysis,
in family Studies:
Traits learned traits vs. learned Research
members Genealogy
behaviors
Health
Reflect on
Understanding Education: Discuss how
Feelings personal Empathy,
emotional Emotional feelings and
and feelings and Expression,
expression and health; Language emotions affect
Emotions family Communication
regulation Arts: Writing relationships
interactions
about feelings
Social Studies:
Reflect on Analyze how
Awareness of Ethics; Health Critical Thinking,
Choices We decisions choices impact
decision-making Education: Problem-Solving,
Make made within individuals and
processes Decision-making Decision-Making
the family families
skills
Reflect on Understanding Social Studies: Discuss how
Comparison,
Needs and personal and the difference Economics; families
Analysis,
Wants family needs between needs Mathematics: prioritize needs
Prioritization
and wants and wants Budgeting and wants
 Encourages students to relate lesson content to their personal experiences and family life,
fostering deeper engagement and understanding.
Value Addition:
 Highlights the practical significance of the lesson, showing its relevance to everyday life,
personal growth, and family dynamics.
 Demonstrates how the lesson content integrates with other subjects, promoting
Critical Thinking:
deeply, make connections, and solve problems.
Skill Development:
 Focuses on specific skills such as observation, self-reflection, communication, and

decision-making, essential for academic and personal growth.
Cross-Connect
Topics to Other
Subjects
Reflect on Understanding Geography: Compare
Observation,
experiences the Cartography; globes to maps
Globes Comparison,
with maps and representation Art: Drawing and discuss
Analysis
globes of Earth maps their uses
Reflect on the
grid system Understanding Mathematics: Analyze how Spatial
Longitudes used in the Earth’s Coordinates; the grid system Thinking,
and Latitudes everyday coordinate Geography: helps locate Analysis,
contexts (e.g., system Navigation places Interpretation
city streets)
Discuss the Hands-on
Understanding Science: Earth advantages of skills,
Model of the Create a model
Earth’s shape Science; Art: using a 3D Creativity,
Globe of the globe
and features Model making model to Spatial
represent Earth Understanding
Science: Earth
Discuss the
Reflect on the Understanding Science; Analysis,
What are characteristics
North and the significance Environmental Explanation,
Poles? and importance
South Poles of Earth's poles Science: Polar Research
of the poles
Regions
Discuss the
Understanding Science: Earth
Reflect on the significance of Analysis,
What is an the division of Science;
concept of the the equator in Explanation,
Equator? Earth into Geography:
equator terms of Research
hemispheres Climate Zones
climate
Reflect on Geography:
Understanding Compare the Comparison,
experiences Regional
What are the division of characteristics Analysis,
with Studies;
Hemispheres? Earth into of different Spatial
hemispheric Science: Earth
hemispheres hemispheres Thinking
maps Science
How is Earth? Reflect on Understanding Science: Discuss the Observation,
Cross-Connect
Topics to Other
Subjects
Geology;
Earth’s Earth's layers and
Geography: Explanation,
physical composition surface features
Physical Research
characteristics and structure of Earth
Features
Mathematics: Explain how Spatial
What are Use a globe to Understanding
Coordinates; latitudes and Thinking,
Latitudes and locate the coordinate
Geography: Map longitudes help Interpretation,
Longitudes? coordinates system
Reading in navigation Analysis
Discuss the
Identify Geography:
What are the Understanding significance of Analysis,
important Climate Zones;
Important key latitude the Tropics of Explanation,
parallels on a Science: Earth
Parallels? lines Cancer and Identification
globe Science
Capricorn
Reflect on how Understanding Analysis,
Features of Meteorology; latitude impacts
latitude affects the influence of Research,
Latitude Geography: weather
climate latitude Explanation
Climate Zones patterns
Explain how
Understanding Geography: Spatial
Reflect on the meridians are
Features of the role of Time Zones; Thinking,
function of used to
Meridians meridians in Mathematics: Analysis,
meridians determine time
navigation Geometry Interpretation
zones
Discuss why
History:
Importance of Reflect on the Understanding the Greenwich Analysis,
Timekeeping;
Greenwich significance of the basis of Meridian is Research,
Geography:
Meridian GMT time zones important for Explanation
Global Time
timekeeping
Spatial
Practice Understanding Geography: Map Demonstrate
Thinking,
How to Locate locating places the use of Reading; how to find a
Practical
Places using latitude and Mathematics: location using
Application,
coordinates longitude Coordinates its coordinates
Interpretation
Understanding Discuss the
Geography:
Reflect on the the starting significance of Analysis,
What is Prime Navigation;
Prime point for the Prime Explanation,
Meridian? History:
Meridian’s role longitudinal Meridian in Research
Timekeeping
measurement navigation
Importance of Reflect on Understanding Geography: Discuss how Critical
Prime global the global Time Zones; the Prime Thinking,
Meridian navigation and impact of the History: Global Meridian Analysis,
timekeeping Prime Meridian Standardization affects global Explanation
navigation and
Cross-Connect
Topics to Other
Subjects
time zones
 Encourages students to relate lesson content to personal experiences and familiar concepts,
fostering a deeper understanding and personal connection to the material.
Value Addition:
 Highlights the practical significance of the lesson, showing its relevance to navigation,
timekeeping, and global understanding.
Critical Thinking:

Skill Development:
 Focuses on specific skills such as spatial thinking, research, analysis, and practical
application, essential for academic and personal growth.
Cross-Connect
Subjects
Compare the
Reflect on Geography:
Understanding geographical Map Reading,
India and Its maps and Cartography;
the geographical features and Spatial
Neighbouring globes used in Social Studies:
position of India positions of Thinking,
Countries previous Regional
and its neighbors neighboring Analysis
lessons Studies
countries
Where They Use maps to Knowledge of Geography: Analyze the Map Reading,
Are Located? locate India the geographical Physical strategic Spatial
Cross-Connect
Subjects
Geography;
and its layout of South History: location of each Thinking,
neighbors Asia Regional country Identification
History
Political Evaluate the
Discuss the Understanding Science: importance of
Importance of Analysis,
role of geopolitical and International neighboring
Neighbouring Explanation,
neighbors in cultural Relations; countries in
Countries Research
daily life significance Economics: regional
Trade stability
Political Analyze the
Reflect on
Relationships Understanding Science: factors that Critical
personal
with diplomatic and Diplomacy; influence Thinking,
relationships
Neighbouring economic History: relationships Analysis,
and their
Countries relationships International between Research
importance
Relations countries
Political
Evaluate the Critical
Discuss the Understanding Science: Peace
impact of peace Thinking,
Peaceful Co- importance of the principles of Studies;
on regional Analysis,
Existence peace in peaceful History:
stability and Problem-
communities coexistence Treaties and
development Solving
Agreements
Economics:
Analyze the
Reflect on Understanding Trade and
benefits and Analysis,
Economic examples of economic Commerce;
challenges of Explanation,
Cooperation cooperation in partnerships and Geography:
economic Evaluation
personal life trade Economic
cooperation
Geography
Social Studies:
Share personal Understanding Discuss how
Culture; Observation,
Cultural experiences of the importance cultural
History: Appreciation,
Exchanges cultural of cultural exchanges
Cultural Explanation
diversity exchange enrich societies
Heritage
Value Addition:
 Highlights the practical significance of the lesson, showing its relevance to regional
stability, economic development, and cultural enrichment.
Critical Thinking:

Skill Development:
 Focuses on specific skills such as map reading, spatial thinking, research, analysis, and
practical application, essential for academic and personal growth.
Expanded Topics with Examples
1. India and Its Neighbouring Countries:

o Reflective Learning: Students discuss their previous knowledge of maps and
globes.
o Value Addition: Emphasizes the importance of understanding regional geography.
o Cross-Connect: Geography - learning to read and interpret maps.
o Critical Thinking: Compare and contrast the geographical features of India and its
neighbors.
o Skill Development: Map reading and spatial thinking skills.
2. Where They Are Located?:
o Reflective Learning: Students use physical and political maps to locate countries.
o Value Addition: Helps students understand the strategic positions of countries.
o Cross-Connect: Geography - understanding physical geography.
o Critical Thinking: Analyze why certain countries have strategic importance based
on their location.
o Skill Development: Developing identification and mapping skills.
3. Importance of Neighbouring Countries:
o Reflective Learning: Students discuss the role of neighbors in their own lives.
o Value Addition: Highlights the significance of geopolitical and cultural
relationships.
o Cross-Connect: Political Science - studying international relations.
o Critical Thinking: Evaluate the importance of neighboring countries in
maintaining regional stability.
o Skill Development: Analytical skills to understand regional dynamics.
4. Relationships with Neighbouring Countries:
o Reflective Learning: Students reflect on the importance of personal relationships.
o Value Addition: Understanding the factors influencing international relationships.
o Cross-Connect: History - learning about international relations.
o Critical Thinking: Analyze the key factors that influence the relationships between
countries.
o Skill Development: Research and analytical skills.
5. Peaceful Co-Existence:
o Reflective Learning: Discuss the importance of peace in the classroom or
community.
o Value Addition: Understanding the principles and benefits of peaceful coexistence.
o Cross-Connect: Political Science - learning about peace studies.
o Critical Thinking: Evaluate the impact of peace on development and regional
stability.
o Skill Development: Problem-solving skills related to conflict resolution.
6. Economic Cooperation:
o Reflective Learning: Reflect on personal experiences of cooperation.
o Value Addition: Understanding the importance of economic partnerships.
o Cross-Connect: Economics - studying trade and commerce.
o Critical Thinking: Analyze the benefits and challenges of economic cooperation.
o Skill Development: Evaluative skills to understand economic relationships.
7. Cultural Exchanges:
o Reflective Learning: Share experiences of cultural diversity in their own lives.
o Value Addition: Understanding the enrichment brought by cultural exchanges.
o Cross-Connect: Social Studies - learning about different cultures.
o Critical Thinking: Discuss how cultural exchanges benefit societies.
o Skill Development: Appreciative and observational skills.
Cross-Connect
opics to Other
Subjects
Reflect on History:
Discuss the Analytical
how early Understanding Ancient
process of Thinking,
Discovery of the humans might the significance Civilizations;
innovation and Historical
Wheel have observed of early Science:
its impact on Analysis,
natural rolling inventions Invention and
society Creativity
objects Innovation
Science:
Reflect on Understanding
Physics of Compare Observation,
Miles We Take daily use of the practical
Rolling; ancient and Comparison,
- Early Use of rolling objects applications of
Physical modern uses of Practical
Rolling (e.g., rolling a rolling in
Education: Ball rolling objects Application
ball) ancient times
games
Wheel and Axle Observe how a Understanding Science: Analyze how Mechanical
Cross-Connect
opics to Other
Subjects
Simple the wheel and
toy car's the mechanics Machines; axle Reasoning,
wheels and of wheel and Engineering: combination Observation,
axles work axle Mechanical enhances Experimentation
Systems movement
History:
Reflect on Industrial Evaluate the
Understanding Historical
how Revolution; impact of
Transportation the evolution of Analysis,
transportation Geography: transportation
Revolution transportation Comparative
has changed Development advancements
methods Study, Research
over time of Trade on society
Routes
Science:
Discuss how
Identify Understanding Engineering Creativity,
Other the wheel has
everyday diverse Applications; Practical
Applications been adapted
objects that applications of Technology: Application,
Based on Wheel for various
use wheels the wheel Machine Innovation
uses
Design
Economics: Analyze how
Economic
Reflect on Understanding Trade the wheel
Impact of the Reasoning,
how goods are the role of the Networks; facilitated
Wheel on Trade Historical
moved in the wheel in trade History: trade and
and Exchange Analysis, Critical
modern world development Development cultural
Thinking
of Commerce exchange
Geography: Discuss the
Understanding Transportation social and
Reflect on Analysis,
Transportation the significance Systems; Social economic
personal travel Explanation,
and Travel of the wheel in Studies: impacts of
experiences Research
travel Human improved
Mobility transportation
Science:
Evaluate the
Reflect on Understanding Technological Analytical
advancements
Technological modern the progression Innovation; Thinking,
in wheel
Advancements vehicles and of wheel-based Engineering: Research,
technology
machinery technology Machine Innovation
over time
Design
Compare Geography: Discuss the
Comparative
different Understanding Transportation advantages and
Different Analysis, Critical
transportation the diversity of Geography; disadvantages
Modes of Thinking,
methods (e.g., transportation Science: of various
Transportation Practical
cars, bikes, systems Vehicle transportation
Reasoning
trains) Mechanics modes
 Encourages students to relate the lesson content to personal experiences and familiar
concepts, fostering a deeper understanding and personal connection to the material.
Value Addition:
 Highlights the practical significance of the lesson, showing its relevance to everyday life,
technological development, and societal progress.
Critical Thinking:

Skill Development:
 Focuses on specific skills such as mechanical reasoning, historical analysis, research,

creativity, and practical application, essential for academic and personal growth.
1. Discovery of the Wheel:

o Reflective Learning: Students imagine how early humans might have observed
and experimented with natural rolling objects like logs and stones.
o Value Addition: Understanding the significance of early human inventions and
their impact on society.
o Cross-Connect: History - studying ancient civilizations and their innovations;
Science - understanding the process of invention and innovation.
o Critical Thinking: Discuss the process of innovation and its impact on society.
How did the discovery of the wheel change early human life?
o Skill Development: Analytical thinking, historical analysis, and creativity.
2. Miles We Take - Early Use of Rolling:
o Reflective Learning: Students reflect on their daily use of rolling objects, such as
rolling a ball during play.
o Value Addition: Understanding the practical applications of rolling in ancient
times.
o Cross-Connect: Science - physics of rolling; Physical Education - using rolling
objects in games.
o Critical Thinking: Compare ancient uses of rolling objects with modern
applications. How did early humans benefit from rolling?
o Skill Development: Observation, comparison, and practical application.
3. Wheel and Axle:
o Reflective Learning: Students observe how a toy car's wheels and axles work,
experimenting with how they move.
o Value Addition: Understanding the mechanics of wheel and axle and their practical
applications.
o Cross-Connect: Science - simple machines; Engineering - mechanical systems.
o Critical Thinking: Analyze how the wheel and axle combination enhances
movement. Why is this combination more effective than using wheels alone?
o Skill Development: Mechanical reasoning, observation, and experimentation.
4. Transportation Revolution:
o Reflective Learning: Students reflect on how transportation methods have changed
over time, from walking to modern vehicles.
o Value Addition: Understanding the evolution of transportation methods and their
impact on society.
o Cross-Connect: History - studying the industrial revolution and its effects;
Geography - development of trade routes.
o Critical Thinking: Evaluate the impact of transportation advancements on society.
How did the invention of the wheel revolutionize transportation?
o Skill Development: Historical analysis, comparative study, and research.
5. Other Applications Based on Wheel:
o Reflective Learning: Students identify everyday objects that use wheels, such as
bicycles, cars, and shopping carts.
o Value Addition: Understanding the diverse applications of the wheel in modern
life.
o Cross-Connect: Science - engineering applications; Technology - machine design.
o Critical Thinking: Discuss how the wheel has been adapted for various uses. What
are some creative ways the wheel has been used in modern inventions?
o Skill Development: Creativity, practical application, and innovation.
6. Impact of the Wheel on Trade and Exchange:
o Reflective Learning: Students reflect on how goods are moved in the modern
world, considering the role of transportation.
o Value Addition: Understanding the role of the wheel in trade development and
economic growth.
o Cross-Connect: Economics - studying trade networks; History - development of
commerce.
o Critical Thinking: Analyze how the wheel facilitated trade and cultural exchange.
How did improved transportation impact trade and economy?
o Skill Development: Economic reasoning, historical analysis, and critical thinking.
7. Transportation and Travel:
o Reflective Learning: Students reflect on personal travel experiences and different
modes of transportation they have used.
o Value Addition: Understanding the significance of the wheel in travel and human
mobility.
o Cross-Connect: Geography - studying transportation systems; Social Studies -
human mobility.
o Critical Thinking: Discuss the social and economic impacts of improved
transportation. How did the wheel influence travel and connectivity?
o Skill Development: Analysis, explanation, and research.
8. Technological Advancements:
o Reflective Learning: Students reflect on modern vehicles and machinery that use
wheels.
o Value Addition: Understanding the progression of wheel-based technology and its
impact on modern life.
o Cross-Connect: Science - technological innovation; Engineering - machine design.
o Critical Thinking: Evaluate the advancements in wheel technology over time.
What are some significant technological breakthroughs involving the wheel?
o Skill Development: Analytical thinking, research, and innovation.
9. Different Modes of Transportation:
o Reflective Learning: Students compare different transportation methods, such as
cars, bikes, trains, and airplanes.
o Value Addition: Understanding the diversity and evolution of transportation
systems.
o Cross-Connect: Geography - transportation geography; Science - vehicle
mechanics.
o Critical Thinking: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various
transportation modes. How do different modes of transportation meet different
needs?
o Skill Development: Comparative analysis, critical thinking, and practical
reasoning.
Cross-Connect
topics Value Addition to Other
Subjects
Reflect on Discuss the
personal Understanding Social Studies: differences Analytical
What are experiences of the concept of Human between Thinking,
Needs? essential items basic human Geography; essential and Categorization,
(e.g., food, needs Health: Nutrition non-essential Prioritization
water, shelter) items
What are Reflect on Understanding Economics: Analyze why Comparative
Wants? personal desires the distinction Consumer wants are Analysis, Self-
Cross-Connect
topics Value Addition to Other
Subjects
and luxuries Behavior;
between needs different for Reflection,
(e.g., toys, Psychology:
and wants each individual Decision Making
games, gadgets) Motivation
Evaluate the
Social Studies:
Understanding impact of Critical
Compare and Socioeconomic
Needs vs. the balance prioritizing Thinking,
contrast personal Status;
Wants between needs needs over Evaluation,
needs and wants Economics:
and wants wants in Prioritization
Scarcity
budgeting
Mathematics:
Reflect on Understanding Create a Budgeting Skills,
Financial
What is a family or school how to manage simple budget Mathematical
Literacy;
Budget? budget money based on given Calculation,
Economics:
experiences effectively scenarios Planning
Personal Finance
Reflect on
Economics:
everyday goods Understanding Differentiate Identification,
What are Market Structure;
and services the fundamental between goods Classification,
Goods and Social Studies:
used (e.g., economic and services Conceptual
Services? Community
groceries, concepts with examples Understanding
Helpers
healthcare)
Economics: Analyze how Analytical
Discuss the Understanding
Nature of Product Life goods and Thinking,
characteristics of tangible and
Goods and Cycle; Business services fulfill Conceptual
different goods intangible
Services Studies: Service different needs Analysis,
and services products
Management and wants Application
Reflect on Social Studies:
List of Understanding Create a list of
community Community Research,
Services the variety of services
services and Roles; Listing,
That Can available provided in a
personal Economics: Classification
Be Offered services community
experiences Service Industry
Value Addition:
 Highlights the practical significance of the lesson, showing its relevance to daily life,
financial literacy, and economic understanding.
Critical Thinking:

Skill Development:
 Focuses on specific skills such as budgeting, classification, analysis, and decision-making,

essential for academic and personal growth.
1. What are Needs?

o Reflective Learning: Students discuss essential items they cannot live without,
such as food, water, and shelter.
o Value Addition: Understanding the importance of fulfilling basic human needs for
survival and well-being.
o Cross-Connect: Social Studies - human geography; Health - nutrition and wellness.
o Critical Thinking: Discuss the differences between essential and non-essential
items. Why are certain items classified as needs?
o Skill Development: Analytical thinking, categorization, and prioritization.
2. What are Wants?
o Reflective Learning: Students reflect on personal desires and luxuries, such as
toys, games, and gadgets.
o Value Addition: Understanding the distinction between needs and wants and the
role of desires in human behavior.
o Cross-Connect: Economics - consumer behavior; Psychology - motivation and
desire.
o Critical Thinking: Analyze why wants differ for each individual. How do personal
experiences and culture influence wants?
o Skill Development: Comparative analysis, self-reflection, and decision making.
3. Needs vs. Wants:
o Reflective Learning: Students compare and contrast their own needs and wants.
o Value Addition: Understanding the balance between fulfilling needs and satisfying
wants.
o Cross-Connect: Social Studies - socioeconomic status; Economics - scarcity and
resource allocation.
o Critical Thinking: Evaluate the impact of prioritizing needs over wants in
budgeting. How does one decide what to prioritize?
o Skill Development: Critical thinking, evaluation, and prioritization.
4. What is a Budget?
o Reflective Learning: Students reflect on their family's or school's budget
experiences and how money is managed.
o Value Addition: Understanding the importance of managing money effectively
through budgeting.
o Cross-Connect: Mathematics - financial literacy and numeracy; Economics -
personal finance.
o Critical Thinking: Create a simple budget based on given scenarios. How do you
allocate limited resources to meet needs and wants?
o Skill Development: Budgeting skills, mathematical calculation, and planning.
5. What are Goods and Services?
o Reflective Learning: Students reflect on everyday goods and services they use,
such as groceries and healthcare.
o Value Addition: Understanding the fundamental economic concepts of goods and
services.
o Cross-Connect: Economics - market structure and consumer goods; Social Studies
- community helpers and roles.
o Critical Thinking: Differentiate between goods and services with examples. What
makes a product a good or a service?
o Skill Development: Identification, classification, and conceptual understanding.
6. Nature of Goods and Services:
o Reflective Learning: Students discuss the characteristics of different goods and
services they encounter.
o Value Addition: Understanding the differences between tangible goods and
intangible services.
o Cross-Connect: Economics - product life cycle; Business Studies - service
management.
o Critical Thinking: Analyze how goods and services fulfill different needs and
wants. Why do we need both goods and services?
o Skill Development: Analytical thinking, conceptual analysis, and application.
7. List of Services That Can Be Offered:
o Reflective Learning: Students reflect on community services and their personal
experiences with various services.
o Value Addition: Understanding the variety and importance of services available in
a community.
o Cross-Connect: Social Studies - community roles and responsibilities; Economics -
service industry and job market.
o Critical Thinking: Create a list of services provided in a community. How do these
services contribute to community well-being?
o Skill Development: Research, listing, and classification.
Grade 4
Cross-
Reflective Value Connection Critical Skill
Topic Subunit
Learning Addition to Other Thinking Development
Subjects
- Links to
- Provides - Prompts -
Healthy biology
- Encourages insight into analysis of Understandin
Food and (nutrition),
Importance of reflection on the different dietary g of the food
its health
Food Pyramid balanced food groups choices and pyramid and
Importanc education
eating habits. and their their impacts balanced diet
e (dietary
roles. on health. concepts.
guidelines).
- Provides - Encourages
- Stimulates - Links to -
Macronutrient insight into analysis of
reflection on biology Understandin
s the sources dietary
the role of (metabolism), g of
(Carbohydrate and functions sources and
macronutrien chemistry macronutrient
s, Proteins, of the balance of
ts in the (biomolecules s and their
Fats) macronutrient macronutrient
body. ). importance.
s. s.
- Links to
- Provides health
- Encourages - Prompts - Meal
insight into education
reflection on analysis of planning and
Balanced the (meal
creating meal planning nutritional
Meal components planning),
balanced for optimal balancing
of a balanced home
meals. health. skills.
meal. economics
(cooking).
Cooked and - Stimulates - Provides - Links to - Encourages -
Raw Food reflection on insight into biology analysis of the Understandin
the benefits the nutritional (enzymes), nutritional g of food
and differences health and safety preparation
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
drawbacks of between aspects of
education methods and
cooked vs. cooked and food
(food safety). their impacts.
raw food. raw foods. preparation.
- Provides - Links to
- Encourages - Prompts - Awareness
insight into physical
reflection on analysis of of fitness and
the education
Staying Fit the lifestyle dietary
importance of (exercise),
and Healthy relationship choices and practices for
a balanced health
between diet their effects health
diet for education
and fitness. on health. maintenance.
overall health. (wellness).
- Links to
- Provides -
- Encourages biology - Encourages
insight into Understandin
reflection on (immune analysis of
the foods that g of the
Protection the role of system), dietary
boost relationship
from Disease nutrition in health strategies for
immunity and between diet
disease education disease
prevent and disease
prevention. (preventive prevention.
diseases. prevention.
care).
- Stimulates
- Links to - Awareness
reflection on - Provides - Prompts
biology of nutrition's
the insight into analysis of
(blood role in
Hemoglobin importance dietary dietary habits
health), health maintaining
Issues of iron and sources of to prevent
education healthy
other iron and their hemoglobin
(nutritional hemoglobin
nutrients for benefits. deficiencies.
deficiencies). levels.
hemoglobin.
Cross-
Reflective Value Connection to Critical Skill
Topic Subunit
Learning Addition Other Thinking Development
Subjects
- Encourages - Prompts
insight into biology
reflection on analysis of - Understanding
how the (human
Food What is the the stages of of the digestive
body breaks anatomy),
Digestion Digestion? importance of digestion and process and its
down and health
the digestive their role in nutrition.
absorbs education
process. importance.
food. (nutrition).
How many - Stimulates - Provides - Links to - Encourages - Awareness of
systems are reflection on insight into biology analysis of the various body
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
(anatomy), how body
the the different
there in the health systems
complexity of systems and systems and
human education interact and
the human their their functions.
body? (body support each
body. functions.
systems). other.
- Links to
- Prompts
- Encourages - Provides biology - Understanding
analysis of
Explain reflection on insight into (physiology), of the digestive
the function
Digestive how the the organs health system's
of each
System digestive involved in education anatomy and
digestive
system works. digestion. (body functions.
organ.
systems).
- Provides
- Links to - Encourages
- Encourages insight into - Recognition
biology analysis of
reflection on the different and
Types of (dentistry), how different
the role of types of understanding
Teeth health teeth
different teeth teeth and of various types
education (oral contribute to
in digestion. their of teeth.
hygiene). digestion.
functions.
- Links to
- Encourages
- Stimulates - Provides biology - Understanding
analysis of
Parts of a reflection on insight into (dentistry), of tooth
the function
Tooth the structure the anatomy health anatomy and its
of each part
of teeth. of a tooth. education (oral importance.
of a tooth.
health).
- Prompts
- Links to
- Encourages - Provides analysis of
biology - Awareness of
reflection on insight into habits that
(dentistry), dental health
Cavities the causes and dental health lead to
health practices to
prevention of and cavity cavities and
education (oral prevent cavities.
cavities. prevention. prevention
hygiene).
strategies.
- Links to - Understanding
- Stimulates health of dental
insight into analysis of
Care for reflection on education (oral hygiene
proper dental effective
Teeth maintaining hygiene), practices and
hygiene dental care
oral health. biology their
practices. routines.
(dentistry). importance.
Internal - Encourages - Provides - Links to - Prompts - Understanding
organs that reflection on insight into biology analysis of of the roles of
process the role of how each (human the function internal organs
food internal organ anatomy), of each in digestion.
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
health
organs in contributes education digestive
digestion. to digestion. (body organ.
systems).
- Stimulates - Provides - Links to - Encourages
Role of all
reflection on insight into biology analysis of - Awareness of
the internal
the the (physiology), the the digestive
organs in
coordination integrated health coordinated system's
the
of the function of education function of integrated
digestive
digestive digestive (body the digestive functions.
system
organs. organs. systems). system.
- Links to
- Prompts
What biology
- Encourages - Provides analysis of - Understanding
happens to (excretory
reflection on insight into the of the excretory
the system), health
waste the process importance of process and its
undigested education
elimination. of excretion. waste importance.
food? (body
elimination.
systems).
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
- Encourages - Prompts -
reflection on analysis of Understanding
Terrestrial insight into biology
how plants different of terrestrial
Adaptation Adaptation various (ecology),
and animals adaptations adaptations
s terrestrial geography
adapt to land for survival and their
adaptations. (habitats).
habitats. on land. importance.
- Provides
- Stimulates
Plants in insight into - Encourages - Recognition
reflection on
Plains, the - Links to analysis of and
plant
Mountains, specialized botany, how plants understanding
adaptations to
Coastal, features of geography adapt to of various
diverse
Marshy plants in (ecosystems). specific plant
environments
Areas different conditions. adaptations.
.
regions.
Fixed, - Encourages - Provides - Links to - Prompts -
Floating, reflection on insight into botany, ecology analysis of Understanding
and the how plants (aquatic the structural of aquatic
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
and
survive in
adaptations of functional
Underwater aquatic plant
aquatic ecosystems). adaptations of
Plants environments adaptations.
plants. aquatic
.
plants.
- Stimulates - Encourages - Recognition
reflection on analysis of and
Animal insight into biology
animal how animals understanding
Adaptation the survival (zoology),
adaptations to adapt to their of various
s strategies of geography
various environments animal
animals. (biomes).
habitats. . adaptations.
- Provides
insight into - Prompts
- Encourages - Links to -
the physical analysis of
Animals in reflection on biology Understanding
and the survival
Cold how animals (zoology), of adaptations
behavioral strategies of
Regions survive in geography in cold-region
adaptations of animals in
cold climates. (polar regions). animals.
cold-region cold regions.
animals.
- Encourages
- Stimulates - Provides
analysis of
reflection on insight into - Links to -
how desert
Adaptation the survival the biology Understanding
animals
s in Desert of animals in specialized (zoology), of adaptations
conserve
Animals arid features of geography in desert
water and
environments desert (deserts). animals.
withstand
. animals.
heat.
- Provides
- Encourages - Links to
insight into - Prompts
reflection on biology -
the structural analysis of
the (marine Understanding
Aquatic and the survival
adaptations of biology), of adaptations
Animals behavioral strategies of
animals ecology in aquatic
adaptations of aquatic
living in (aquatic animals.
aquatic animals.
water. ecosystems).
animals.
- Encourages
- Stimulates - Links to - Recognition
- Provides analysis of
reflection on biology and
insight into how
Aerial the (ornithology), understanding
the physical adaptations
Animals adaptations of physics of adaptations
adaptations facilitate
animals that (aerodynamics) in aerial
for flight. flight in
fly. . animals.
animals.
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
- Prompts -
- Encourages - Provides
analysis of Understanding
reflection on insight into
- Links to
Special the of plant
Plant the unique how plants botany, ecology
Features of evolutionary adaptations
Adaptations features that cope with (plant
Plants advantages of and their
enable plant extreme physiology).
certain plant ecological
survival. conditions.
features. significance.
- Encourages
-
- Provides - Links to analysis of
- Stimulates Understanding
insight into biology the
Special reflection on of animal
Animal how animals (zoology), evolutionary
Features of the unique adaptations
Adaptations cope with ecology advantages of
Animals adaptations of and their
extreme (animal certain
animals. ecological
conditions. behavior). animal
significance.
features.
Cross-
Topic Subunit Connection to
Other Subjects
- Provides
- Encourages - Prompts
insight into -
reflection on - Links to physics analysis of
the Understanding
What is Definition of the concept (basic concepts), how energy is
fundamental of the basic
Energy Energy of energy science (general essential for
role of concept of
and its knowledge). various
energy in energy.
importance. processes.
everyday life.
- Recognition
- Stimulates and
insight into - Links to physics analysis of
Forms Kinetic reflection on understanding
examples of (mechanics), how objects
of Energy and the nature of of kinetic
kinetic physical education possess and
Energy Examples kinetic energy in
energy in (movement). use kinetic
energy. various
daily life. energy.
contexts.
- Prompts
- Provides
- Encourages analysis of -
insight into - Links to physics
Potential reflection on how objects Understanding
examples of (mechanics),
Energy and the nature of store and of potential
potential science (energy
Examples potential release energy and its
energy in storage).
energy. potential applications.
daily life.
energy.
Cross-
Other Subjects
- Links to
- Encourages - Provides -
geography (wind - Encourages
reflection on insight into Understanding
Sources patterns), analysis of
harnessing the benefits of wind
of Wind Energy environmental the efficiency
natural and energy
Energy science and impact of
energy challenges of generation and
(renewable wind energy.
sources. wind energy. usage.
energy).
- Prompts -
- Links to
- Provides analysis of Understanding
- Stimulates geography (water
insight into the benefits of
reflection on bodies),
Hydroelectri how and hydroelectric
using water environmental
c Energy hydroelectric environmenta power
as an energy science
power is l impact of generation and
source. (renewable
generated. hydroelectric its
energy).
power. implications.
- Provides
- Encourages insight into - Links to -
- Encourages
Renewable reflection on the environmental Understanding
analysis of
and Non- the advantages science of renewable
the long-term
renewable sustainabilit and (sustainability), and non-
viability of
Energies y of different disadvantage economics renewable
energy
(Fossil Fuels) energy s of various (resource energy
sources.
sources. energy management). sources.
sources.
- Prompts
- Stimulates - Provides -
analysis of
reflection on insight into Understanding
- Links to physics how light
the role of the of light energy
Light Energy (optics), biology energy is
light as an applications and its
(photosynthesis). utilized in
energy of light practical
different
source. energy. applications.
contexts.
- Encourages - Encourages
- Provides - Links to physics -
reflection on analysis of
insight into (thermodynamics) Understanding
Heat Energy the sun as a how solar
the benefits , environmental of solar
from the Sun primary energy can be
of solar science (solar energy and its
energy harnessed and
energy. power). importance.
source. utilized.
- Provides - Prompts
- Stimulates -
insight into - Links to physics analysis of
reflection on Understanding
Sound how sound (acoustics), music how sound
the nature of of sound
Energy energy is (sound energy affects
sound energy and its
produced and production). our daily
energy. applications.
used. lives.
Cross-
Other Subjects
-
-
Encourages - Provides - Prompts
- Links to Understandin
reflection insight into analysis of
What is Definition of science g of the
on daily the basic how weather
Weather? Weather (meteorology), fundamental
weather concept of affects daily
geography. concept of
experience weather. life.
weather.
s.
-
- Encourages
Stimulates - Provides - Links to - Recognition
analysis of
Daily and reflection insight into science of weather
Changes in the factors
Seasonal on how the patterns (meteorology), patterns and
Weather influencing
Changes weather of weather geography their
weather
changes changes. (seasons). implications.
changes.
over time.
-
- - Prompts
- Links to Understandin
Sunny, Encourages - Provides analysis of
science g of various
Cloudy, reflection insight into how different
Kinds of (meteorology), weather
Rainy, on different various weather
Weather geography conditions
Snowy, types of weather conditions
(weather and their
Windy weather phenomena. affect the
patterns). characteristic
conditions. environment.
s.
-
-
Stimulates - Provides - Links to - Encourages
Understandin
reflection insight into science (earth analysis of
What is g of the
Definition on the the structure science), how the
Atmosphere atmosphere's
and Layers importance and function geography atmosphere
? layers and
of the of the (layers of the protects and
their
atmosphere atmosphere. Earth). sustains life.
functions.
.
-
- Prompts
Encourages -
- Provides - Links to analysis of
reflection Understandin
insight into science the
Conditions Temperature, on how g of key
the factors (meteorology), relationship
of Humidity, atmospheri atmospheric
that influence geography between
Atmosphere Pressure c conditions
atmospheric (climatic atmospheric
conditions and their
conditions. conditions). conditions
affect effects.
and weather.
weather.
What is Definition of - - Provides - Links to - Encourages -
Climate? Climate Stimulates insight into science analysis of Understandin
Cross-
Other Subjects
reflection
on the g of the
difference the long-term (climatology), how climate concept of
between patterns of geography differs from climate and
weather climate. (climate zones). weather. its
and importance.
climate.
- Prompts
-
- Links to analysis of -
Encourages - Provides
Thermomete science the Understandin
reflection insight into
Types of r, Barometer, (meteorology), importance of g of weather
on how we the tools used
Instruments Hygrometer, technology accurate instruments
measure for weather
Anemometer (instrumentation weather and their
weather measurement.
). measurement uses.
conditions.
s.
- insight into - Links to analysis of
- Recognition
Cirrus, Stimulates the different science how different
and
Types of Cumulus, reflection types of (meteorology), clouds are
understanding
Clouds Stratus, on the role clouds and geography associated
of different
Nimbus of clouds their (cloud with various
cloud types.
in weather. characteristic formations). weather
s. conditions.
- - Provides - Prompts -
Effects of Encourages insight into analysis of Understandin
- Links to health
Weather Weather on reflection how weather how different g of the
education,
Impacts on Physical and on the can influence weather relationship
science
Health Mental impact of health and conditions between
(biology).
Health weather on daily can affect weather and
well-being. activities. health. health.
- -
Stimulates - Links to Understandin
Influence of insight into analysis of
reflection geography g of how
Role of Latitude on the role of the
on how (latitude and latitude
Latitude on Temperature latitude in relationship
geographic longitude), influences
Climate and Climate determining between
location science climate and
Patterns climate latitude and
affects (climatology). weather
zones. climate.
climate. patterns.
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
-
- Provides
Encourages
insight into - Prompts -
reflection - Links to
the analysis of Understanding
Earth's Overview of on the science
organization how the of the solar
Solar the Solar structure (astronomy),
and solar system system's
System System and geography
significance functions as structure and
components (space).
of the solar a unit. components.
of the solar
system.
system.
- Stimulates
- Provides
reflection - - Recognition
insight into - Links to
on the Encourages and
Definition and the science
vastness of analysis of understanding
Galaxies Types of classification (astronomy),
the universe the role of of different
Galaxies and features physics
and the galaxies in types of
of different (cosmology).
variety of the universe. galaxies.
galaxies.
galaxies.
- - Prompts -
Encourages analysis of Understanding
insight into science
reflection the life cycle of the life
Life Cycle of the processes (astronomy),
Stars on the birth, stages of cycle of stars
Stars involved in physics
life, and stars and and their
star formation (nuclear
death of their importance in
and evolution. fusion).
stars. significance. the universe.
- -
- Provides
Encourages - Links to Encourages
insight into - Detailed
reflection science analysis of
Detailed Study the roles and understanding
Solar on the (astronomy), how the
of the Solar characteristics of the solar
System specific geography solar
System of the solar system's
components (solar system's
system's components.
of the solar phenomena). components
components.
system. interact.
- Stimulates - Prompts
- Provides - Links to -
reflection analysis of
insight into science Understanding
on the the unique
the (planetary of the
Terrestrial and differences features and
Planets characteristics science), classification
Gas Planets between conditions
and examples geography and
terrestrial of terrestrial
of each type (planet characteristics
and gas and gas
of planet. classification). of planets.
planets. planets.
Meteors, Differences - - Provides - Links to - Prompts -
Meteorites, and Encourages insight into science analysis of Understanding
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
reflection
on the the origins of the
how these
differences (astronomy), and impacts characteristics
space objects
between geography of meteors, and
Meteoroids Characteristics impact Earth
meteors, (impact meteorites, significance of
and other
meteorites, events). and these space
planets.
and meteoroids. objects.
meteoroids.
- -
- Stimulates - Provides
- Links to Encourages Understanding
reflection insight into
science analysis of of the
on the the structure,
Definition and (astronomy), the theories universe's
Universe concept of components,
Exploration philosophy and structure and
the universe and mysteries
(existential discoveries the ongoing
and its of the
questions). related to exploration of
vastness. universe.
the universe. it.
Detailed Activity Plan
Subunit Activity Objective Materials Needed

Create a model of the solar To understand the structure Craft materials,
Overview of the
system using craft and relative positions of the
glue, paint,
Solar System
materials. planets. cardboard.
Watch a documentary To learn about the Projector,
Definition and Types
about galaxies and discuss classification and documentary
of Galaxies
the different types. characteristics of galaxies.video.
Draw a diagram of the life Drawing paper,
To understand the stages of a
Life Cycle of Stars cycle of a star and present markers, reference
star's life cycle.
it to the class. books.
Research and present a To gain detailed knowledge Internet access,
Detailed Study of the
specific planet or moon in about specific components of presentation
Solar System
the solar system. the solar system. materials.
Compare and contrast To identify the differences Venn diagram
Terrestrial and Gas
terrestrial and gas planets and similarities between templates,
Planets
through a Venn diagram. terrestrial and gas planets. markers.
To understand the physical
Differences and Conduct an experiment to
differences and impacts of Sand, small rocks,
Characteristics of simulate meteor impacts
meteors, meteorites, and trays.
Meteors, etc. using sand and small rocks.
meteoroids.
Definition and Write an essay on what To encourage reflective Writing paper,
Exploration of the you think the most thinking and personal pens.
interesting part of the
Universe connection to the topic.
universe is and why.
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
Reflect on Analyzing
Appreciation Geography Understanding
the diversity geographica
The Great of global (map skills), of world
Overview of and l
Continents diversity and Social geography
Continents uniqueness differences
of the World geographical Studies and map-
of each and their
features. (cultures). reading skills.
continent. impacts.
Reflect on Analytical
Geography, Evaluating
the Understanding skills in
Definition Social how regions
Concept of significance the concept of regional
and Studies contribute
Regions of regions in regions and studies and
Importance (regional to global
global their roles. global
studies). dynamics.
context. awareness.
Comparing
Reflect on Identification
Knowledge of and
the major Science (earth and
diverse contrasting
Features of Physical physical science), understanding
landscapes and physical
Continents Features features of Geography of major
physical features
each (landforms). landforms and
geography. across
continent. features.
continents.
Analyzing
Respect and Social
Cultural and Reflect on the Cultural
appreciation Studies
Cultures and Environment cultural relationship awareness and
for cultural (cultural
Environment al diversity and between ecological
and studies),
s Characteristi environment culture and understanding
environmental Science
cs al factors. environmen .
diversity. (ecology).
t.
Comprehensiv
Understanding Evaluating
Reflect on e
Physical the unique History, North
Importance the understanding
Features, features and Geography, America's
of North significance of North
Cultures, and contributions Social impact on
America of North America's
Environment of North Studies. global
America. geography
America. affairs.
and culture.
Importance Physical Reflect on Understanding History, Evaluating Comprehensiv
of South Features, the the unique Geography, South e
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
understanding
features and America's
significance of South
Cultures, and contributions Social impact on
America of South America's
Environment of South Studies. global
America. geography
America. affairs.
and culture.
Comprehensiv
Physical Reflect on History, e
the unique Europe's
Importance Features, the Geography, understanding
features and impact on
of Europe Cultures, and significance Social of Europe's
contributions global
Environment of Europe. Studies. geography
of Europe. affairs.
and culture.
Comprehensiv
the unique Africa's
of Africa Cultures, and significance Social of Africa's
Environment of Africa. Studies. geography
of Africa. affairs.
and culture.
Comprehensiv
the unique Asia's
of Asia Cultures, and significance Social of Asia's
Environment of Asia. Studies. geography
of Asia. affairs.
and culture.
Comprehensiv
the unique Australia's
of Australia Cultures, and significance Social of Australia's
Environment of Australia. Studies. geography
of Australia. affairs.
and culture.
Analyzing
Science
Reflect on Understanding how climate Understanding
Definition (climatology)
What is the role and the factors that affects the climatic
and , Geography
Climate? significance influence environmen patterns and
Importance (weather
of climate. climate. t and human their effects.
patterns).
activities.
Reflect on Understanding Comparing
Identification
the the diversity of Science and
Major Tropical, and
characteristic climate zones (climatology) contrasting
Climate Desert, understanding
s of major and their , Geography different
Zones Temperate of various
climate global (biomes). climate
climate zones.
zones. distribution. zones.
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
Analyzing
Reflect on Understanding Social
the effects
how climate the Studies Critical
Influence of of climate
Impact of affects interdependen (human thinking about
Climate on on human
Climate on people's lives ce between geography), environmental
Lifestyle and behavior
People and climate and Science adaptation and
Environment and
surroundings human (environment sustainability.
environmen
. activities. al studies).
t.
Materials
Subunit Activity Objective
Needed
Create a world map To identify and locate the World map
Overview of
highlighting each continent continents on a world templates, colored
Continents
with different colors. map. pencils.
Discuss and categorize
To understand the concept
various regions within a Maps, region-
Concept of Regions and significance of
continent using maps and specific images.
regions.
pictures.
Research and create a poster To learn about the diverse Poster paper,
Physical Features on the major physical features physical features of markers,
of a specific continent. continents. reference books.
Prepare a cultural showcase
Cultural and To appreciate cultural Cultural artifacts,
including food, music, and
Environmental diversity and multimedia
traditions from a specific
Characteristics environmental factors. resources.
continent.
Presentation on the physical
To gain detailed Presentation
features, cultures, and
North America knowledge about North materials, internet
environment of North
America. access.
America.
Presentation on the physical
To gain detailed Presentation
features, cultures, and
South America knowledge about South materials, internet
environment of South
America. access.
America.
Presentation on the physical Presentation
To gain detailed
Europe features, cultures, and materials, internet
knowledge about Europe.
environment of Europe. access.
To gain detailed
Africa features, cultures, and materials, internet
knowledge about Africa.
environment of Africa. access.
Materials
Needed
To gain detailed
Asia features, cultures, and materials, internet
knowledge about Asia.
environment of Asia. access.
Presentation on the physical To gain detailed Presentation
Australia features, cultures, and knowledge about materials, internet
environment of Australia. Australia. access.
Interactive discussion on the To understand the role of
Definition and Multimedia
importance of climate using climate in the
Importance of Climate resources.
real-world examples. environment.
Create a climate zone map
To identify and describe Climate zone
Major Climate Zones and discuss the characteristics
major climate zones. maps, markers.
of each zone.
To understand the impact
Influence of Climate Role-playing activity to
of climate on human Costumes, props
on Lifestyle and demonstrate how people
activities and for role-play.
Environment adapt to different climates.
environment.
Teacher Manual: The Importance of Natural Regions of the World
Cross-
Reflective Value Connect to Critical Skill
Topic Subunit
Subjects
Understandin Evaluating
Reflect on the
g the diversity the role of
Introduction Importance significance Geography, Map reading,
and natural
to Natural of Natural of natural Environmenta ecological
significance regions in
Regions Regions regions in the l Science. awareness.
of natural global
world.
regions. ecology.
Comparing
Reflect on the Appreciation
Different and
Diverse variety of of Earth's Geography,
Landscapes contrasting Research,
Landscapes landscapes diverse Science
and different observational
and and ecosystems (Biology,
Ecosystem landscapes skills.
Ecosystems ecosystems and Ecology).
s and
on Earth. landscapes.
ecosystems.
Major Overview Reflect on the Understandin Geography, Analyzing the Analytical
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
g the
characteristic features that
of Major distribution
Natural s of major Environmenta define major skills, map
Natural and features
Regions natural l Science. natural reading.
Regions of natural
regions. regions.
regions.
Understandin Comparing
Reflect on the
Locations, g the extreme cold and hot
Deserts: unique Geography, Research,
Features, conditions deserts,
Cold and features of Science critical
Ecosystem and understandin
Hot cold and hot (Ecology). analysis.
s adaptations in g survival
deserts.
deserts. strategies.
Analyzing the
Reflect on the Understandin
Locations, Geography, biodiversity Ecological
importance of g the role of
Features, Science and awareness,
Grasslands grasslands in grasslands in
Ecosystem (Ecology, ecological research
the supporting
s Biology). role of skills.
ecosystem. biodiversity.
grasslands.
Evaluating
Locations, seasonal g the Geography, Observational
Temperate the impact of
Features, changes in importance of Science skills,
Deciduous seasonal
Ecosystem temperate temperate (Biology, ecological
Forests changes on
s deciduous forests in Ecology). awareness.
ecosystems.
forests. biodiversity.
Analyzing the
Understandin
Locations, Reflect on the Geography, differences Critical
g the diversity
Temperate Features, characteristic Science between analysis,
and ecological
Forests Ecosystem s of temperate (Biology, temperate and research
importance of
s forests. Ecology). other forest skills.
these forests.
types.
Evaluating
Reflect on the Appreciating
Locations, Geography, the threats to
high the rich Research,
Tropical Features, Science tropical
biodiversity biodiversity critical
Forests Ecosystem (Biology, forests and
in tropical and ecological thinking.
s Ecology). conservation
forests. importance.
strategies.
Analyzing the
Reflect on the
Locations, Understandin Geography, survival Ecological
Coniferous adaptations of
Features, g the unique Science strategies in awareness,
Forests flora and
Ecosystem ecosystem of (Biology, cold research
(Taiga) fauna in
s the Taiga. Ecology). environments skills.
Taiga.
.
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
Evaluating
Locations, significance g the role of Geography, Critical
the impact of
Polar Ice Features, of polar ice ice caps in Science (Earth thinking,
climate
Caps Ecosystem caps for Earth's Science, research
change on
s global climate Climatology). skills.
polar regions.
climate. system.

Discussion and
To understand the
Importance of brainstorming on why
significance of natural Whiteboard, markers.
Natural Regions natural regions are
regions.
significant.
Different To appreciate the diversity
Create a collage of different Magazines, scissors,
Landscapes and of Earth's landscapes and
landscapes and ecosystems. glue, poster paper.
Ecosystems ecosystems.
Interactive map activity
Overview of Major To locate and describe World map, colored
identifying major natural
Natural Regions major natural regions. markers.
regions.
Create a Venn diagram
Deserts: Cold and To compare the features of Paper, pencils,
comparing cold and hot
Hot cold and hot deserts. reference materials.
deserts.
Research project on the flora
To understand the Internet access,
Grasslands and fauna of different
biodiversity of grasslands. reference books.
grasslands.
Temperate Leaf collection and To observe and identify Leaf samples,
Deciduous Forests identification activity. different tree species. reference guides.
Group presentation on Presentation
To learn about different
Temperate Forests temperate forests around the materials, internet
temperate forests.
world. access.
Documentary viewing and To appreciate the
Documentary,
Tropical Forests discussion on tropical biodiversity of tropical
discussion questions.
forests. forests.
Create a model of a Taiga
Coniferous Forests To understand the unique Craft materials,
forest showing flora and
(Taiga) ecosystem of the Taiga. reference pictures.
fauna.
Experiment on the melting of To understand the
Ice, water, container,
Polar Ice Caps ice caps and its impact on sea significance of polar ice
ruler.
levels. caps.
Teacher Manual: Rocks and Soils
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
Reflect on
the Evaluating
Understandin Observational
Introduction What are omnipresenc Geography, the role of
g the skills, basic
to Rocks and rocks and e and Earth rocks and
foundation of geological
Soils soils? significance Science. soils in the
Earth's crust. knowledge.
of rocks and environment.
soils.
Analyzing
Reflect on Understandin
the
Granite, the different g the Research,
Types of Geography, characteristic
Sandstone, types of diversity and identification
Rocks Chemistry. s and uses of
Limestone rocks and application of skills.
different
their uses. various rocks.
rocks.
Reflect on Understandin Analyzing
Observational
Quartz, the g the various Chemistry, the properties
What are skills,
Feldspar, importance minerals and Earth and uses of
Minerals? analytical
Calcite of minerals their Science. different
thinking.
in daily life. properties. minerals.
Reflect on
Igneous, Understandin Analyzing
the Critical
Sedimentary g the rock Geography, the formation
Types of formation thinking,
, cycle and the Earth process of
Rocks and geological
Metamorphi types of Science. different
classification awareness.
c rocks. rocks.
of rocks.
Building Reflect on
g the the
Importance Materials, the practical Research,
economic and Geography, significance
of Rocks and Energy uses of rocks practical
industrial Economics. of rocks and
Minerals Resources, and application.
importance of minerals in
Gemstones minerals.
rocks. human life.
Understandin
Soil g the
Rock Cycle, the processes Geography, the stages of Research,
Formation continuous
Formation that create Earth the rock analytical
and Rock cycle of rock
of Soil soil from Science. cycle and soil thinking.
Cycle formation and
rocks. formation.
soil creation.
Layers of A Typical Reflect on Understandin Geography, Analyzing Observational
Soil Soil Profile the g the different Earth the skills, soil
composition layers and Science. composition analysis.
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
and structure their and
of soil functions in importance
layers. soil. of soil layers.
Understandin
Comparing
Reflect on g the
Types of Black, Red, the properties Research,
the diversity characteristic Geography,
Soils in Laterite, of various identification
of soil types s and uses of Agriculture.
India Desert Soil soil types in skills.
in India. different
India.
soils.
Understandin
Reflect on g the need for
Importance Importance Evaluating Critical
the crucial soil Geography,
and of Soils, Soil soil thinking,
role of soils conservation Environmenta
Conservatio Conservatio conservation environmenta
in and l Science.
n of Soils n techniques. l awareness.
ecosystems. sustainable
practices.
Reflect on
the Understandin Analyzing
Agricultural
Crops grown relationship g how the suitability
Crops and Geography, knowledge,
in different between soil different soils of soil types
Soil Types Agriculture. research
soils types and support for different
skills.
crop various crops. crops.
production.

What are rocks and Discussion and To understand the basic Whiteboard,
soils? brainstorming session. concepts of rocks and soils. markers.
Granite, Sandstone, Rock identification To identify and describe Rock samples,
Limestone activity with samples. different rock types. magnifying glasses.
To identify and understand
Quartz, Feldspar, Mineral identification Mineral samples,
the properties of different
Calcite activity with samples. magnifying glasses.
minerals.
Rock cycle diagram
Igneous, Sedimentary, To understand the formation Paper, markers,
creation and
Metamorphic and types of rocks. reference materials.
explanation.
Building Materials, To understand the practical Presentation
Presentation on the uses
Energy Resources, applications of rocks and materials, internet
of rocks and minerals.
Gemstones minerals. access.
Rock Cycle, Formation Create a model or To visualize and understand Craft materials,
the rock cycle and soil
of Soil poster of the rock cycle. reference books.
formation.
Create a soil profile To understand the
Craft materials, soil
A Typical Soil Profile model showing composition and structure of
samples.
different layers. soil layers.
Black, Red, Laterite, Soil sampling and To compare and contrast Soil samples, testing
Desert Soil testing activity. different soil types. kits.
Group discussion on To understand the Whiteboard,
Importance of Soils,
soil conservation importance and methods of markers, reference
Soil Conservation
techniques. soil conservation. materials.
Research project on To understand the
Crops grown in Internet access,
crops and their suitable relationship between soil
different soils reference books.
soils. types and crop production.
Teacher Manual: Inspiring People of India
Cross-
Skill
Reflective Value Connect to Critical
Topic Subunit Developmen
Learning Addition Other Thinking
t
Subjects
ImportanceReflect on Analyzing
Understanding Research
and the impact of the influence
Introduction the History, skills,
Contributio
inspiring of inspiring
to Inspiring significance of Social understandin
ns of people in people on
People role models in Studies. g historical
Inspiring shaping modern
various fields. context.
People society. society.
Reflect on his Analytical
teachings and thinking,
Swami Role and the value of the relevance
influence on History, interpretation
Vivekanand Contributio spiritual and of his
Indian Philosophy. of
a ns intellectual teachings
spirituality philosophical
growth. today.
and youth. texts.
Analyzing
Reflect on his Understanding
the impact of Critical
Role and efforts for the importance History,
Jyothi Rao social thinking,
Contributio social reform of social Social
Phule reforms social
ns and justice and Studies.
initiated by awareness.
education. education.
Phule.
Jamshedji Role and Reflect on his Understanding Economics, Evaluating Business
Tata Contributio contributions the importance Business the long-term acumen,
ns to Indian of Studies. impact of understandin
industry and industrializatio Tata's g of
philanthropy. n and social initiatives. industrial
Cross-
Skill
t
Subjects
responsibility. growth.
Understanding Analyzing
Reflect on his
the role of the business Strategic
Role and entrepreneuri Economics,
Dhirubhai innovation and model and thinking,
Contributio al journey Business
Ambani entrepreneursh growth business
ns and business Studies.
ip in economic strategies of skills.
strategies.
growth. Reliance.
Reflect on
her Evaluating
Understanding Scientific
Kiran Role and contributions Biology, the role of
the impact of knowledge,
Mazumdar Contributio to Business women in
biotechnology business
Shaw ns biotechnolog Studies. science and
on society. acumen.
y and business.
healthcare.
Reflect on his
Understanding
efforts in Analyzing
the importance Social Leadership
promoting the
Anna Social of civic Studies, skills, social
rural effectiveness
Hazare Activism engagement Political responsibilit
development of grassroots
and social Science. y.
and anti- movements.
activism.
corruption.
Evaluating
Environment the strategies Advocacy
her advocacy the impact of
Medha Social al Science, and skills,
for social and activism on
Patkar Activism Social outcomes of environment
environmenta policy
Studies. social al awareness.
l justice. changes.
movements.
Reflect on
her role in
Analyzing Research
promoting Understanding Political
the impact of skills,
Social transparency the importance Science,
Aruna Roy RTI on understandin
Activism and of right to Social
Indian g of
accountabilit information. Studies.
democracy. governance.
y in
governance.
Reflect on his
the importance the impact of Scientific
Role and contributions Physics,
A.P.J. Abdul of science and his work on thinking,
Contributio to science Political
Kalam leadership in India's space leadership
ns and his role Science.
nation- and defense skills.
as a leader.
building. sectors.
Cross-
Skill
t
Subjects
Reflect on his Understanding
Analyzing
contributions the Critical
Homi Role and the ethical
to nuclear development Physics, thinking,
Jehangir Contributio implications
physics and of nuclear History. scientific
Bhabha ns of nuclear
atomic science in knowledge.
research.
energy. India.
Evaluating
Understanding the influence
Reflect on his Literary
Role and the role of of Tagore's
Rabindranat literary and Literature, analysis,
Contributio literature and works on
h Tagore artistic Arts. creative
ns arts in cultural Indian and
contributions. thinking.
development. world
literature.
Analyzing
Reflect on his Understanding the
Scientific
Role and scientific the implications
Physics, thinking,
C.V. Raman Contributio discoveries significance of of Raman's
Chemistry. research
ns and their scientific discoveries
skills.
impact. research. in modern
science.
Evaluating
Reflect on his Understanding Scientific
Role and the impact of
Har Gobind contributions the importance Biology, knowledge,
Contributio genetic
Khorana to genetic of genetics in Chemistry. research
ns research on
research. medicine. skills.
healthcare.
Reflect on
her Analyzing
Understanding Empathy,
Role and humanitarian Social the impact of
Mother the importance social
Contributio work and Studies, humanitarian
Teresa of compassion responsibilit
ns dedication to Ethics. work on
and service. y.
serving the society.
poor.
Reflect on his Evaluating
Understanding
contributions the impact of Analytical
Role and the historical
to Mathematics, Aryabhata's thinking,
Aryabhata Contributio significance of
mathematics History. work on mathematical
ns early scientific
and modern skills.
discoveries.
astronomy. science.
Brahmagupt Role and Reflect on his Understanding Mathematics, Analyzing Analytical
a Contributio contributions the History. the historical thinking,
ns to development context of mathematical
mathematics of Brahmagupta skills.
Cross-
Skill
t
Subjects
and mathematical
's work.
astronomy. concepts.
Reflect on his
Evaluating
contributions Understanding
the impact of Critical
Role and to the
Srinivasa Mathematics, Ramanujan's thinking,
Contributio mathematics significance of
Ramanujan History. theories on mathematical
ns and his pure
modern skills.
unique mathematics.
mathematics.
approach.
Analyzing
Reflect on
the
her Understanding Problem-
techniques
Role and contributions the importance solving
Shakuntala Mathematics, used by
Contributio to mental of mental math skills,
Devi Psychology. Shakuntala
ns arithmetic and its mathematical
Devi in
and problem- applications. thinking.
mental
solving.
calculations.

Importance and Group discussion on the impactTo understand the Whiteboard,
Contributions of inspiring people on society.
significance of role models. markers.
Swami Role-play or speech based on To understand and Reference books,
Vivekananda his teachings. articulate his philosophy. internet access.
Research project on his socialTo evaluate the Reference books,
Jyothi Rao Phule
reforms and their impact. effectiveness of his reforms. internet access.
To understand the role of Presentation
Presentation on his industrial
Jamshedji Tata industrialization and social materials, internet
contributions and philanthropy.
responsibility. access.
To understand Case study
Dhirubhai Case study analysis of Reliance
entrepreneurial strategies materials, internet
Ambani Industries.
and business growth. access.
To evaluate the impact of
Kiran Mazumdar Research and presentation on Research materials,
biotechnology on
Shaw biotechnology advancements. internet access.
healthcare.
Group discussion on the To understand the
significance of rural importance of civic Reference books,
Anna Hazare
development and anti- engagement and social internet access.
corruption movements. activism.
Medha Patkar Debate on social and To understand the impact of Reference
materials, internet
environmental justice issues. activism on policy changes.
access.
Role-play on the To understand the Reference
Aruna Roy implementation of RTI (Right importance of transparency materials, internet
to Information). in governance. access.
Research project on his To evaluate the impact of
A.P.J. Abdul Research materials,
contributions to science and his work on India's
Kalam internet access.
technology. development.
To understand the Presentation
Homi Jehangir Presentation on nuclear physics
development of nuclear materials, internet
Bhabha and its applications.
science in India. access.
To understand the
Rabindranath Literary analysis of his works significance of his Reference books,
Tagore and their cultural impact. contributions to literature internet access.
and arts.
Scientific
Experiment based on his To understand the practical
C.V. Raman apparatus,
scientific discoveries. applications of his research.
reference books.
Har Gobind Research project on genetic To evaluate the impact of Research materials,
Khorana research and its implications. genetics on medicine. internet access.
Group discussion on the To understand the
Reference books,
Mother Teresa importance of humanitarian significance of compassion
internet access.
work. and service.
Research project on his To understand the historical
Research materials,
Aryabhata contributions to mathematics significance of early
internet access.
and astronomy. scientific discoveries.
To understand the
Analysis of his mathematical Reference books,
Brahmagupta development of
theories and their applications. internet access.
mathematical concepts.
Research project on his To evaluate the significance
Srinivasa Research materials,
contributions to mathematics of his mathematical
Ramanujan internet access.
and their impact. theories.
To understand the Mathematical
Mental math exercises and
Shakuntala Devi importance of mental puzzles, reference
problem-solving activities.
arithmetic. books.
Grade 5
Teacher Manual: Human Skeletal and Muscular Systems
Cross-
Reflective Connect to Critical Skill
Topic Subunit Value Addition
Learning Other Thinking Development
Subjects
Reflect on
the
Overview Understanding Analyzing
Introduction importance Observation
of the the structure Biology, how bones
to the Human of the skills,
Human and function of Health support and
Skeletal skeletal anatomical
Skeletal the skeletal Science. protect
System system in knowledge.
System system. organs.
human
anatomy.
Reflect on how the rib the impact
Structure Biology, Analytical
the protective cage protects of rib
Rib Cage and Health skills, critical
role of the rib vital organs like injuries on
Function Science. thinking.
cage. the heart and overall
lungs. health.
Reflect on
the
Analyzing
significance Understanding
Structure Biology, the effects Observation
Vertebral of the the role of the
and Health of spinal skills, critical
Column vertebral spine in posture
Function Science. injuries and thinking.
column in and movement.
disorders.
movement
and support.
Evaluating
Reflect on
Understanding the impact
Structure the spine's Biology, Analytical
the importance of poor
Spine and role in Health skills, critical
of spinal health posture on
Function protecting the Science. thinking.
and posture. spinal
spinal cord.
health.
Reflect on Understanding Analyzing
Structure the role of the importance Biology, the impact Observation
Pelvis and the pelvis in of the pelvis in Health of pelvic skills, critical
Function supporting movement and Science. injuries on thinking.
body weight. balance. mobility.
Reflect on Comparing
Understanding
Movable how different the
the role of Biology, Analytical
and joints enable functions of
Joints joints in Physical skills, critical
Immovable various types different
movement and Education. thinking.
Joints of types of
stability.
movement. joints.
Cartilage Structure Reflect on Understanding Biology, Analyzing Observation
and the how cartilage Health the impact skills, critical
Function importance helps in smooth Science. of cartilage thinking.
Cross-
Subjects
of cartilage damage on
movement of
in joint joint
joints.
function. function.
Ball and Reflect on
Evaluating
Socket, the different Understanding
Biology, how joint Analytical
Types of Hinge, types of the mechanical
Physical structure skills, critical
Joints Pivot, joints and function of
Education. affects thinking.
Gliding their different joints.
movement.
Joints functions.
Analyzing
Reflect on
how
Overview the Understanding
Biology, muscles Observation
Muscular of the importance the role of
Health work skills, critical
System Muscular of muscles in muscles in the
Science. together to thinking.
System movement human body.
produce
and stability.
movement.
Reflect on Understanding Analyzing
Structure the role of how tendons Biology, the impact Observation
Tendon and tendons in connect Health of tendon skills, critical
Function muscle muscles to Science. injuries on thinking.
function. bones. movement.
Understanding
the specific
Skeletal, the different the structure
roles of Biology, Analytical
Types of Smooth, types of and function
skeletal, Health skills, critical
Muscles Cardiac muscles and of different
smooth, and Science. thinking.
Muscles their muscle
cardiac
functions. types.
muscles.
Analyzing
Location, the role of how skeletal
Biology, how skeletal Observation
Skeletal Support, skeletal muscles
Physical muscles skills, critical
Muscles and muscles in contribute to
Education. respond to thinking.
Functions movement voluntary
exercise.
and posture. movement.
Evaluating
Reflect on
Understanding the
Location, the role of
how smooth Biology, importance Observation
Smooth Support, smooth
muscles aid in Health of smooth skills, critical
Muscles and muscles in
internal organ Science. muscles in thinking.
Functions involuntary
function. the digestive
functions.
system.
Cross-
Subjects
Understanding
Location, the role of how cardiac
the significance Biology, Analytical
Cardiac Support, cardiac muscles
of cardiac Health skills, critical
Muscles and muscles in differ from
muscles in Science. thinking.
Functions heart other muscle
pumping blood.
function. types.

Overview of the To understand the structure
Interactive skeleton model Skeleton model,
Human Skeletal and function of the skeletal
activity. reference books.
System system.
Construct a 3D model of the To understand the
Clay, reference
Rib Cage rib cage using clay or other protective role of the rib
materials.
materials. cage.
To understand the
Create a poster illustrating the
Vertebral significance of the vertebral Poster materials,
vertebral column and its
Column column in movement and reference books.
functions.
support.
Discussion and demonstration To understand the role of
Reference materials,
Spine on the importance of spinal the spine in protecting the
demonstration tools.
health and posture. spinal cord.
Create a model of the pelvis To understand the
Model materials,
Pelvis and discuss its role in importance of the pelvis in
reference books.
supporting body weight. movement and balance.
Interactive activity to To understand the role of
Joint models,
Joints demonstrate different types of joints in movement and
reference books.
joints and their functions. stability.
Experiment showing the To understand how
Cartilage samples,
Cartilage properties and functions of cartilage helps in smooth
reference books.
cartilage. movement of joints.
Create a chart showing To understand the
Chart paper,
Types of Joints different types of joints and mechanical function of
reference books.
their locations in the body. different joints.
Overview of the Interactive muscle model To understand the role of Muscle model,
Muscular System activity. muscles in the human body. reference books.
Demonstration of how tendons
To understand the role of Tendon models,
Tendon connect muscles to bones
tendons in muscle function. reference books.
using models.
Types of Group activity to identify and To understand the specific Reference materials,
describe different types of roles of skeletal, smooth,
Muscles chart paper.
muscles and their functions. and cardiac muscles.
Exercise activity to
To understand how skeletal
demonstrate how skeletal Exercise equipment,
Skeletal Muscles muscles contribute to
muscles respond to physical reference materials.
voluntary movement.
activity.
To understand the
Presentation on the role of Presentation
importance of smooth
Smooth Muscles smooth muscles in internal materials, reference
muscles in the digestive
organ function. books.
system.
Discussion on the structure To understand the
Reference materials,
Cardiac Muscles and function of cardiac significance of cardiac
model of the heart.
muscles. muscles in pumping blood.
Teacher Manual: Cells and Their Functions
Cross-
Skill
Topic Subunit Developme
nt
Subjects
Analyzing
Reflect on Understandi
the impact of
the ng the Observation
Biology, cellular
Introduction Definition and significance foundational skills,
Health health on
to Cells Importance of cells as role of cells critical
Science. overall
the basic in all living thinking.
organism
units of life. organisms.
health.
Reflect on
Evaluating
the
Understandi how
importance Historical
ng how the History, technological
Discovery of History and of the analysis,
microscope Science and advances
Microscope Impact microscope scientific
revolutionize Technology. impact
in literacy.
d biology. scientific
biological
knowledge.
discoveries.
Reflect on
the detailed Understandi Analyzing
Microscopic
Appearance of Observation structure of ng the Biology, the
observation,
Cell Under and cells microscopic Health complexity of
analytical
Microscope Description observed structure of Science. cellular
skills.
under a cells. structures.
microscope.
Shape of Cells Different Reflect on Understandi Biology, Art Evaluating Analytical
and Their Shapes and how cell ng the (visualizatio the skills,
Cross-
Skill
nt
Subjects
shape diversity of
relationship
relates to cell shapes
between form critical
Functions Functions function in and their n).
and function thinking.
different specific
in biology.
organisms. functions.
the essential ng the vital Analyzing
Observation
function’s role of cells Biology, the role of
Role of Cells in Function and skills,
cells in Health different cells
Living Things Importance critical
perform in maintaining Science. in various life
thinking.
living life processes.
organisms. processes.
Reflect on
the Understandi
Comparing
simplicity ng the basic Analytical
single-celled
Single-celled Definition and and life Biology, skills,
organisms to
Organisms Examples efficiency processes of Ecology. comparative
multicellular
of single- single-celled analysis.
organisms.
celled organisms.
organisms.
Reflect on
Understandi
the Analyzing
ng the
complexity how Analytical
coordinated
Multicellular Definition and and Biology, specialization skills,
functions of
Organisms Examples organizatio Ecology. of cells leads critical
cells in
n of to efficient thinking.
multicellular
multicellula functioning.
organisms.
r organisms.
Reflect on
Understandi
the cell Evaluating Analytical
ng the Biology,
Cells as Basic Basic Unit of theory and the evidence skills,
foundational Health
Units of Life Life Concept its supporting scientific
principles of Science.
significance cell theory. reasoning.
cell theory.
in biology.
Analyzing
how ng the
how cell
specializati importance Observation
Biology, specialization
Cell Types and on allows of skills,
Health contributes to
Specialization Importance cells to specialized critical
Science. the overall
perform cells in thinking.
function of
unique complex
an organism.
functions. organisms.
Cross-
Skill
nt
Subjects
Understandi Analyzing
Reflect on
ng the levels how different
the Analytical
of Biology, levels of
Organization Cellular hierarchical skills,
organization Health organization
Levels Organization organizatio critical
in Science. contribute to
n from cells thinking.
multicellular overall
to systems.
organisms. function.
Analyzing
Cell the
Interaction how cells ng the Observation
Interaction Biology, importance of
and interact and cooperative skills,
and Health cellular
Interdependen depend on nature of critical
Interdependen Science. communicati
ce each other cellular thinking.
ce on and
for survival. functions.
cooperation.
Evaluating
Reflect on
Understandi the
Cellular the Analytical
ng how cells Biology, importance of
Growth and Growth and processes of skills,
grow, divide, Health cellular repair
Repair Repair growth and critical
and repair Science. in
Processes repair in thinking.
themselves. maintaining
cells.
health.
Understandi
the how
Nucleus, ng the roles Observation
Major functions of Biology, organelles
Plasma of major skills,
Organelles in key Health contribute to
Membrane, organelles in critical
Animal Cells organelles Science. the overall
etc. maintaining thinking.
in animal function of
cell function.
cells. the cell.
Reflect on
the Understandi
Comparing
structural ng the Analytical
Similarities Biology, the structures
Plant vs. differences unique skills,
and Health and functions
Animal Cells between features of comparative
Differences Science. of plant and
plant and plant and analysis.
animal cells.
animal animal cells.
cells.

Introduction to Cells Interactive discussion on the To understand the Reference books,
definition and importance of foundational role of cells
visual aids.
cells. in all living organisms.
To understand how the Presentation
Discovery of Presentation on the history and
microscope materials, reference
Microscope impact of the microscope.
revolutionized biology. books.
To observe and describe Microscope,
Appearance of Cell Microscopic observation of
the detailed structure of prepared slides,
Under Microscope prepared cell slides.
cells. reference books.
Group activity to create
Shape of Cells and To understand how cell Modeling clay,
models of different cell shapes
Their Functions shape relates to function. reference materials.
and discuss their functions.
Discussion and demonstration To understand the
Role of Cells in Visual aids,
on the functions of cells in essential functions cells
Living Things reference books.
living organisms. perform.
Observation and discussion on To understand the life Microscopes,
Single-celled
examples of single-celled processes of single-celled prepared slides,
Organisms
organisms. organisms. reference books.
To understand the
Group activity to compare
Multicellular complexity and Visual aids,
single-celled and multicellular
Organisms organization of reference books.
organisms.
multicellular organisms.
To understand the
Cells as Basic Units Interactive discussion on cell Reference books,
foundational principles of
of Life theory and its significance. visual aids.
cell theory.
To understand how
Group activity to identify and
specialization allows Visual aids,
Cell Specialization describe specialized cells and
cells to perform unique reference books.
their functions.
functions.
Create a chart showing the To understand the levels
Chart paper,
Organization Levels hierarchical organization from of organization in
reference books.
cells to systems. multicellular organisms.
Discussion on how cells To understand the
Interaction and Visual aids,
interact and depend on each cooperative nature of
Interdependence reference books.
other. cellular functions.
Experiment demonstrating To understand how cells Experimental
Growth and Repair cellular growth and repair grow, divide, and repair materials, reference
processes. themselves. books.
To understand the
Create a model of an animal
Major Organelles in functions of key Modeling clay,
cell and label the major
Animal Cells organelles in animal reference books.
organelles.
cells.
Plant vs. Animal Comparative analysis and To understand the unique Visual aids,
Cells discussion on the similarities features of plant and reference books.
and differences between plant animal cells.
and animal cells.
Teacher Manual: Respiratory and Excretory System
Cross-
Reflective Connect Critical Skill
Learning to Other Thinking Development
Subjects
Evaluating
Reflect on how Understanding
Importance Biology, the impact of Observation
Respiratory respiration the role of
of Health respiration skills, critical
System supports bodily respiration in
Respiration Science on overall thinking.
functions. sustaining life.
health.
Analyzing
Reflect on the Understanding the function
Parts Used Biology, Observation
Respiratory different parts the anatomy of of each part
for Health skills, critical
System involved in the respiratory in the
Respiration Science thinking.
respiration. system. respiratory
system.
Evaluating
Reflect on the Understanding
the
steps involved how oxygen is Biology, Analytical
Respiratory Process of efficiency of
in breathing transported and Health skills, critical
System Respiration the
and gas CO2 is Science thinking.
respiratory
exchange. expelled.
process.
Reflect on the Understanding Analyzing
path air takes the air passage Biology, the structure Observation
Respiratory Air Passage
from inhalation and its Health of the air skills, critical
System into Lungs
to reaching the importance in Science passage and thinking.
lungs. respiration. its function.
Reflect on the
Transport of the role of Biology, the Analytical
Respiratory transportation
Oxygen and blood in Health efficiency of skills, critical
System of gases in the
CO2 transporting Science gas transport thinking.
body.
gases. in the body.
Excretory Kidney Reflect on how Understanding Biology, Analyzing Observation
System Function kidneys filter the role of Health the skills, critical
waste from the kidneys in Science importance thinking.
blood. maintaining of kidney
homeostasis. function for
overall
Cross-
Reflective Connect Critical Skill
Learning to Other Thinking Development
Subjects
health.
Evaluating
Reflect on the
Understanding Biology, the function Observation
Excretory Parts of a structure of the
the anatomy of Health of each part skills, critical
System Kidney kidney and its
the kidney. Science of the thinking.
parts.
kidney.
Reflect on how Understanding Analyzing
Biology, Analytical
Excretory Process of waste is the excretory the steps
Health skills, critical
System Excretion removed from process and its involved in
Science thinking.
the body. importance. excretion.
Evaluating
how the
Reflect on the Understanding
Human Biology, bladder Observation
Excretory role of the the anatomy and
Kidney and Health works with skills, critical
System bladder in function of the
Bladder Science the kidneys thinking.
storing urine. bladder.
to remove
waste.
Analyzing
Reflect on the Understanding Critical
Biology, the impact of
Excretory Kidney consequences the importance thinking,
Health kidney
System Failure of kidney of kidney problem-
Science failure on the
failure. health. solving.
body.

To understand the role of
Importance of Interactive discussion on the Reference books,
respiration in sustaining
Respiration importance of respiration. visual aids.
life.
Modeling clay,
Parts Used for Create a model of the respiratory To understand the anatomy
reference
Respiration system and label each part. of the respiratory system.
materials.
Demonstrate the process of To understand the steps
Process of Balloons, straws,
inhalation and exhalation using a involved in breathing and
Respiration visual aids.
simple experiment. gas exchange.
Create a flowchart showing the To understand the air Chart paper,
Air Passage into
air passage from inhalation to the passage and its importance markers, reference
Lungs
lungs. in respiration. books.
Transport of Conduct a discussion on how
To understand the role of Visual aids,
Oxygen and blood transports gases in the
blood in transporting gases. reference books.
CO2 body.
Interactive discussion on how To understand the role of
Reference books,
Kidney Function kidneys filter waste from the kidneys in maintaining
visual aids.
blood. homeostasis.
Modeling clay,
Parts of a Create a model of the kidney and To understand the anatomy
reference
Kidney label its parts. of the kidney.
materials.
To understand the Chart paper,
Process of Create a flowchart showing the
excretory process and its markers, reference
Excretion steps involved in excretion.
importance. books.
Modeling clay,
Human Kidney Create a model of the human To understand the anatomy
reference
and Bladder bladder and discuss its function. and function of the bladder.
materials.
Conduct a discussion on the To understand the
Reference books,
Kidney Failure consequences of kidney failure importance of kidney
visual aids.
and its impact on health. health.
Teacher Manual: Air and Atmosphere
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
Analyzing
Reflect on Understandin how air
Difference
how air g different air movement Observation
Air and Between Air, Geography,
movement movements varies in skills, critical
Wind Breeze, Science
affects daily
and their different thinking.
Wind
life. impact. environments
.
Understandin
Reflect on g the Evaluating
how relationship the impact of Analytical
Air and Warm Air Geography,
temperature between air temperature skills, critical
Wind and Cold Air Science
affects air temperature on air thinking.
movement. and behavior.
movement.
Reflect on
Understandin Analyzing the
the
Sea Breeze g how sea and factors Observation
Air and phenomeno Geography,
and Land land breezes contributing skills, critical
Wind n of sea and Science
Breeze affect coastal to sea and thinking.
land
climates. land breezes.
breezes.
Composition Mixture of Reflect on Understandin Chemistry, Analyzing the Analytical
of Air Gases the g the various Biology importance of skills, critical
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
components
gases present each
of air and
in the air and component in thinking.
their
their roles. the air.
significance.
Evaluating
Reflect on Understandin the
Observation
Properties of Properties of the physical g the Physics, significance
skills, critical
Air Air properties of characteristics Science of air
thinking.
air. of air. properties in
daily life.
Reflect on
the Understandin
Analyzing the
importance g the layers Observation
What is Geography, role of each
Atmosphere of the and functions skills, critical
Atmosphere? Science atmospheric
atmosphere of the thinking.
layer.
for life on atmosphere.
Earth.
Understandin
Reflect on
g the Analyzing the
the structure
composition differences Observation
Layers of the of the Geography,
Atmosphere and function between each skills, critical
Atmosphere atmosphere Science
of each atmospheric thinking.
and its
atmospheric layer.
layers.
layer.
Reflect on
how Understandin Evaluating
What is atmospheric g the concept the factors Observation
Atmospheric Physics,
Atmospheric pressure of influencing skills, critical
Pressure Geography
Pressure? affects atmospheric atmospheric thinking.
weather and pressure. pressure.
life.
Reflect on Analyzing the
Understandin
the role of relationship
Impact of g how gravity Observation
Atmospheric gravity in Physics, between
Gravity on influences skills, critical
Pressure maintaining Geography gravity and
Atmosphere atmospheric thinking.
the atmospheric
pressure.
atmosphere. pressure.
Atmospheric Measuremen Reflect on Understandin Physics, Evaluating Analytical
Pressure t of the methods g the tools and Geography the accuracy skills, critical
Atmospheric used to units used to and reliability thinking.
Pressure measure measure of different
atmospheric atmospheric measurement
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
pressure.
pressure. tools.
Understandin
Reflect on
Measuring g the Analyzing the
how altitude Geography, Observation
Measurement Heights with significance methods used
is measured Mathematic skills, critical
of Heights Respect to of sea level in for altitude
and its s thinking.
Sea Level measuring measurement.
importance.
heights.
Materials
Needed
Interactive discussion on the
Difference Between To understand the varying Visual aids,
differences between air,
Air, Breeze, Wind movements of air. reference books.
breeze, and wind.
Simple experiment to To understand the effects of
Warm Air and Cold Balloons, warm
demonstrate the movement temperature on air
Air and cold water.
of warm and cold air. movement.
To understand the
Sea Breeze and Land Diagram and discussion on Visual aids,
phenomenon of sea and land
Breeze sea breeze and land breeze. reference books.
breezes.
Modeling clay,
Create a model showing the To understand the
Mixture of Gases reference
different components of air. composition of air.
materials.
Simple experiments to
To understand the Balloons, straws,
Properties of Air demonstrate the properties
characteristics of air. visual aids.
of air.
Interactive discussion on the
To understand the role of the Visual aids,
What is Atmosphere? importance of the
atmosphere in sustaining life. reference books.
atmosphere.
To understand the Modeling clay,
Layers of the Create a layered model of
composition and function of reference
Atmosphere the atmosphere.
each atmospheric layer. materials.
Demonstration of
What is Atmospheric To understand the concept of Barometer,
atmospheric pressure using a
Pressure? atmospheric pressure. visual aids.
barometer.
To understand the
Impact of Gravity on Discussion on how gravity Visual aids,
relationship between gravity
Atmosphere influences the atmosphere. reference books.
and atmospheric pressure.
Measurement of Demonstrate how to To understand the tools and Barometer,
Atmospheric measure atmospheric units used for measuring visual aids.
Materials
Needed
pressure using different
Pressure atmospheric pressure.
tools.
Measuring Heights Discussion and To understand the
Visual aids,
with Respect to Sea demonstration of how significance of sea level in
reference books.
Level altitude is measured. measuring heights.
Teacher Manual: Physical and Chemical Changes
Cross-
Skill
t
Subjects
Analyzing
Understandin
Definition Reflect on the the
g the basic Observation
What is and concept and Science, significance
building skills, critical
Matter Examples of examples of Chemistry of matter in
blocks of the thinking.
Matter matter. everyday
universe.
life.
Reflect on the Evaluating
Understandin
different the
g the
states of conditions Analytical
State of Solid, properties and Science,
matter and under which skills, critical
Matter Liquid, Gas behavior of Chemistry
their matter thinking.
solids, liquids,
characteristics changes
and gases.
. states.
Analyzing
Understandin the
Reflect on Observation
Forms of Ice, Water, g the water Science, importance
how water skills, critical
Water Steam cycle and its Geography of water in
changes form. thinking.
impact on life. its various
forms.
Evaluating
Understandin
the
Reflect on the g how to
Mass, significance Measurement
Properties of physical measure and Mathematics
Volume, of these skills, critical
Matter properties of calculate , Science
Density properties in thinking.
matter. mass, volume,
everyday
and density.
life.
Changes in Melting, Reflect on Understandin Science, Analyzing Observation
State of Evaporation how matter g the Chemistry the factors skills, critical
Matter , Freezing changes state processes of that thinking.
with melting, influence
temperature evaporation, state
Cross-
Skill
t
Subjects
changes in
changes. and freezing.
matter.
Understandin
Reflect on the
g how to Evaluating
differences
Physical and Differences identify and the impact Analytical
between Science,
Chemical and classify of these skills, critical
physical and Chemistry
Changes Examples physical and changes on thinking.
chemical
chemical matter.
changes.
changes.
Understandin
Analyzing
Reflect on the g how
Definition the factors Observation
Solutions and concept of solutions are Science,
and that skills, critical
Solvents solutions and formed and Chemistry
Examples influence thinking.
solvents. their
solubility.
properties.
Reflect on g different the
Soluble and Analytical
Separation methods of separation Science, effectiveness
Insoluble skills, critical
Techniques separating techniques Chemistry of different
Solutions thinking.
mixtures. and their separation
applications. methods.
Analyzing
the role of
Condensatio Definition processes of g how these Observation
Science, these
n and and condensation processes skills, critical
Geography processes in
Precipitation Processes and occur in thinking.
the water
precipitation. nature.
cycle.
g the the impact
Reflect on
Impact on relationship of seasonal Observation
Seasonal how seasons Science,
State of between changes on skills, critical
Changes affect the state Geography
Matter seasonal the thinking.
of matter.
changes and environment
state changes. .
Materials
Needed
Definition and Interactive discussion and To understand the concept Everyday
Examples of examples of matter in the and examples of matter. objects, reference
Materials
Needed
Matter classroom. books.
Demonstration of different To understand the properties
Ice, water,
Solid, Liquid, Gas states of matter using ice, and behavior of solids,
heating source.
water, and steam. liquids, and gases.
Experiment to observe the To understand the water cycle Ice, water,
Ice, Water, Steam
changes in the state of water. and its impact on life. heating source.
Simple experiments to To understand how to
Mass, Volume, Balance scale,
measure mass, volume, and measure and calculate these
Density measuring cups.
calculate density. properties.
Melting, To understand the processes
Simple experiments to Ice, water,
Evaporation, of melting, evaporation, and
demonstrate these processes. heating source.
Freezing freezing.
Interactive discussion and Everyday
Differences and To understand how to identify
examples of physical and objects, reference
Examples and classify these changes.
chemical changes. books.
Create solutions and observe To understand how solutions
Definition and Solutes, solvents,
the solubility of different are formed and their
Examples beakers.
substances. properties.
To understand different
Soluble and Demonstration of different Filter paper,
separation techniques and
Insoluble Solutions separation techniques. magnets, beakers.
their applications.
Experiment to observe Water, heating
Definition and To understand how these
condensation and source, cold
Processes processes occur in nature.
precipitation. surface.
Discussion on how seasonal To understand the
Impact on State of Visual aids,
changes affect the state of relationship between seasonal
Matter reference books.
matter. changes and state changes.
Teacher Manual: Simple Machines
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
Understanding History Evaluating
Why Do Reflect on Observation,
Importance the necessity of (development how tools
We Need everyday use problem-
of Tools tools for of tools), make tasks
Tools of tools. solving.
efficiency. Science easier.
Understanding
Reflect on Analyzing the Critical
the specific use Social
Tools at Types of different role of tools thinking,
of tools in Studies,
Job Tools tools used in in various application
different Science
various jobs. professions. skills.
professions.
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
Reflect on Understanding Evaluating
Introduction Analytical
Simple the concept basic Physics, how simple
to Simple skills, critical
Machines of simple mechanical Engineering machines
Machines thinking.
machines. principles. work.
Types of
Levers Understanding Observation,
examples of Physics, lever systems
Levers (First, the mechanics analytical
levers in Biology in the human
Second, of levers. skills.
daily life. body.
Third Class)
Evaluating
Fixed, Reflect on Understanding the Problem-
Movable, the use of different types Physics, effectiveness solving,
Pulley
Combined pulleys in of pulleys and Engineering of different critical
Pulleys lifting. their uses. pulley thinking.
systems.
Reflect on
Understanding Analyzing the Observation,
Uses and how wedges Physics,
Wedge the mechanics force applied application
Examples are used to Engineering
of wedges. by wedges. skills.
split objects.
Reflect on Evaluating
Understanding Critical
the the
Wheel Uses and how wheels Physics, thinking,
significance effectiveness
and Axle Examples and axles Engineering problem-
of wheels of wheels and
reduce friction. solving.
and axles. axles.
Reflect on Analyzing the
Understanding
the use of force Observation,
Inclined Uses and the mechanics Physics,
inclined reduction by application
Plane Examples of inclined Engineering
planes in inclined skills.
planes.
daily life. planes.
Reflect on Evaluating Problem-
Understanding
Uses and how screws Physics, the solving,
Screws the mechanics
Examples hold things Engineering effectiveness analytical
of screws.
together. of screws. skills.
Reflect on
Analyzing the
the Understanding Observation,
Uses and Physics, role of gears
Gears importance the mechanics critical
Examples Engineering in increasing
of gears in of gears. thinking.
efficiency.
machinery.

Everyday tools
Discussion and examples To understand the
Importance of Tools (hammer,
of tools used in daily life. necessity of tools.
screwdriver).
Show and tell with various To understand the Tools from different
Types of Tools
tools used in different jobs. specific use of tools. professions.
Introduction to Interactive presentation on To understand basic Visual aids, reference
Simple Machines simple machines. mechanical principles. books.
Demonstrate with a
To understand the Seesaw, scissors,
Types of Levers seesaw, scissors, and
mechanics of levers. tweezers.
tweezers.
Fixed, Movable, Create pulley systems To understand different Ropes, pulleys,
Combined Pulleys using ropes and weights. types of pulleys. weights.
Uses and Examples Experiment with splitting To understand the Wedges, objects to
of Wedges objects using wedges. mechanics of wedges. split (clay, wood).
To understand the
Uses and Examples Demonstrate with toy cars Toy cars, rolling
mechanics of wheels and
of Wheel and Axle and rolling objects. objects.
axles.
To understand the
Uses and Examples Create inclined planes
mechanics of inclined Boards, objects to roll.
of Inclined Planes using boards and objects.
planes.
Uses and Examples Demonstrate how screws To understand the Screws, objects to
of Screws hold objects together. mechanics of screws. screw together.
Demonstrate with gears
Uses and Examples To understand the Gears, mechanical
from toys or mechanical
of Gears mechanics of gears. kits.
kits.
Reflective Learning, Value Addition, Cross-Connect to Other Subjects, Critical

Thinking, and Skill Development
 Reflective Learning: Encourages students to think about how simple machines are part of
their daily lives and their importance in various tasks.
 Value Addition: Helps students understand the fundamental principles of mechanics and
their applications, enhancing their appreciation for engineering and technology.
 Cross-Connect to Other Subjects: Links to Physics (mechanical principles), Engineering
(applications of simple machines), History (development of tools and machines), and
Biology (lever systems in the human body).
 Critical Thinking: Encourages students to analyze how different simple machines work,
evaluate their efficiency, and solve related problems.
 Skill Development: Develops observational skills, problem-solving abilities, analytical
skills, and application skills through hands-on activities and demonstrations.
Teacher Manual: Early Man's Civilization

Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
Reflect on
Evaluating
the Understandin Analytical
Introduction the factors
progression g the History, skills,
Early Man's to Early that led to the
from development Anthropolog historical
Civilization Civilization development
primitive to of human y understanding
s of
advanced societies. .
civilizations.
societies.
Analyzing the
Importance the role of g how
Role of methods used Research
of archaeologist archaeologist History,
Archaeologist by skills, critical
Archaeolog s in s help us Science
s archaeologist thinking.
y uncovering learn about
s.
history. the past.
Evaluating
the g what Observational
different
Evidences Types of significance artifacts History, skills,
types of
and Artifacts Artifacts of artifacts in reveal about Science analytical
artifacts and
understandin early thinking.
their uses.
g history. civilizations.
Research
the g the Analyzing the
Famous skills,
Excavation discoveries importance of History, discoveries
Excavation geographical
Sites made at key excavation Geography made at
Sites understanding
excavation sites in various sites.
.
sites. archaeology.
Reflect on
g how early the Problem-
Tools Used the History,
Tools and tools progression solving,
by Early development Science,
Technologies improved of tool- critical
Man of tools and Technology
survival and making thinking.
their impact.
efficiency. technologies.
Analyzing
how early Critical
Daily Life the lifestyle g the History,
Early Man's humans thinking,
of Early and survival challenges Social
Lifestyle adapted to observational
Man strategies of faced by Studies
their skills.
early man. early humans.
environment.
Development From Reflect on Understandin History, Evaluating Analytical
of Societies Nomads to the transition g the factors Geography the skills,
Settlers from that led to advantages historical
nomadic to permanent and understanding
settled life. settlements. challenges of .
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
settled life.
Understandin
Reflect on Analyzing Creative
g the role of
Art and the cultural cave thinking,
Cultural art and
Culture of expressions History, Art paintings and cultural
Evolution culture in
Early Man of early other cultural understanding
early
humans. artifacts. .
societies.

To understand the
Introduction to Early Timeline creation of
progression of human Chart paper, markers.
Civilizations early civilizations.
societies.
Importance of Role-play as To understand the role of Props for role-play,
Archaeology archaeologists. archaeologists. excavation kits.
Show and tell with To understand what artifacts Replica artifacts,
Types of Artifacts
replica artifacts. reveal about history. description cards.
To understand the
Famous Excavation Map plotting of key World map, pins,
importance of excavation
Sites excavation sites. labels.
sites.
Tools Used by Early Demonstration of early To understand the Replica tools, images
Man tools. development of tools. of tools.
Daily Life of Early Create a day-in-the-life To understand the lifestyle Storyboard templates,
Man storyboard. of early humans. drawing materials.
From Nomads to Model building of early To understand the transition Clay, sticks, craft
Settlers settlements. to settled life. materials.
Art and Culture of To understand early cultural
Cave painting activity. Paper, paints, brushes.
Early Man expressions.

 Reflective Learning: Encourages students to think about how early humans lived and the
progression of human societies.
 Value Addition: Helps students appreciate the development of tools, technologies, and
cultural expressions over time.
 Cross-Connect to Other Subjects: Links to History (development of human societies),
Anthropology (study of human behavior and cultures), Science (archaeology and
technologies), Geography (location of excavation sites), Art (cultural expressions and cave
paintings).
 Critical Thinking: Encourages students to analyze the factors that led to the development
of civilizations, evaluate the role of archaeologists, and understand the significance of
artifacts.
 Skill Development: Develops observational skills, research skills, analytical thinking,
critical thinking, creative thinking, and cultural understanding through hands-on activities
and demonstrations.
Teacher Manual: Early Man's Civilization
Cross-
Skill
t
Subjects
Reflect on
Evaluating
the Understandin Analytical
the factors
Introduction progression g the History, skills,
Early Man's that led to the
to Early from development Anthropolo historical
Civilization development
Civilizations primitive to of human gy understandin
of
advanced societies. g.
civilizations.
societies.
Reflect on
the role of
Role of g how methods used Research
Importance of archaeologis History,
Archaeologis archaeologists by skills, critical
Archaeology ts in Science
ts help us learn archaeologist thinking.
uncovering
about the past. s.
history.
Reflect on
Understandin
the Evaluating
g what Observationa
significance different
Evidences Types of artifacts History, l skills,
of artifacts types of
and Artifacts Artifacts reveal about Science analytical
in artifacts and
early thinking.
understandin their uses.
civilizations.
g history.
Reflect on
the purpose
Early Art and g early forms themes and Creative
Cave of cave
Communicati of art and History, Art messages in thinking,
Paintings paintings in
on communicatio cave artistic skills.
early
n. paintings.
societies.
Understandin Analyzing
Reflect on g the process fossil Scientific
Understandin what fossils of Science, evidence to inquiry,
Fossils
g Fossils tell us about fossilization History learn about analytical
early life. and its prehistoric thinking.
importance. life.
Oral Preserving Reflect on Understandin History, Evaluating Listening
Cross-
Skill
t
Subjects
the reliability
the g how stories
and and
importance and traditions Language
Traditions History significance interpretative
of oral preserve Arts
of oral skills.
traditions. history.
traditions.
Reflect on
Analyzing the
the process Understandin Practical
steps and
Excavation of g the methods Science, skills,
Excavations tools
Techniques excavating used in History analytical
involved in
historical archaeology. thinking.
excavations.
sites.
the role of g how Analyzing
Study of Social Research
Anthropolog anthropolog anthropologist different
Human Studies, skills, critical
y y in s’ study anthropologic
Societies Science thinking.
understandin human al findings.
g humans. societies.
Understandin
Analyzing the
Reflect on g the Analytical
differences
Hominids, the progression skills,
Earliest Biology, and
Homo evolution of from evolutionary
Ancestors History similarities
Sapiens early hominids to understandin
among early
humans. Homo g.
humans.
sapiens.
Comparing
Paleolithic, the changes g the Historical
and
Mesolithic, across technological History, analysis,
Stone Age contrasting
Neolithic different and social Science critical
the Stone Age
Ages Stone Age advancements thinking.
periods.
periods. .
Understandin
Reflect on
g the Technologic
the Analyzing the
significance al
Chalcolithic Stone Copper transition History, impact of
of understandin
Age Age from stone Science copper tools
metallurgical g, analytical
to copper on societies.
advancements thinking.
tools.
.
Analyzing the Survival
Social mobility and skills,
People and Hunter- the lifestyle g the survival
Studies, adaptability geographical
Movement Gatherers of hunter- strategies of
Geography of early understandin
gatherers. early humans.
humans. g.
Cross-
Skill
t
Subjects
Reflect on g the need for the
Adaptability,
Shelter and the reasons mobility and History, advantages
Nomadic Life critical
Mobility for nomadic shelter in Geography and
thinking.
lifestyles. early challenges of
societies. nomadic life.
Reflect on
the Problem-
g the History, progression
Tools and development solving,
Adaptation importance of Science, of early tools
Technology of tools and technological
innovation in Technology and
technologies skills.
survival. technologies.
.
Reflect on Understandin Evaluating Social
Social
the social g the social the social analysis,
Social Cultural Studies,
organization hierarchies dynamics of cultural
Structure Expression Anthropolo
of early and cultural early human understandin
gy
humans. practices. groups. g.
Understandin
Reflect on
g how fire Analyzing the
the impact Practical
Discovery of Protection and improved Science, uses and
of fire on skills, safety
Fire Cooking safety, History control of
early human awareness.
cooking, and fire.
life.
social life.
Understandin
the shift the lifestyle Agricultural
g the History,
Transition to From Hunting from changes knowledge,
agricultural Geography,
Agriculture to Farming hunting- before and critical
revolution and Science
gathering to after thinking.
its impact.
agriculture. agriculture.
Reflect on
the role of
g early human History, Art, significance Cultural
Art and Early Beliefs art and
beliefs and Religious of religious appreciation,
Religion and Practices religion in
artistic Studies artifacts and artistic skills.
early
expressions. artworks.
societies.

Introduction to Early Timeline creation of early To understand the Chart paper,
Civilizations civilizations. progression of human markers.
societies.
Importance of Role-play as To understand the role of Props for role-play,
Archaeology archaeologists. archaeologists. excavation kits.
To understand what
Show and tell with replica Replica artifacts,
Types of Artifacts artifacts reveal about
artifacts. description cards.
history.
Create cave painting To understand early forms Paper, paints,
Cave Paintings
replicas. of art and communication. brushes.
Understanding Fossil making activity To understand the process
Clay, leaves, sticks.
Fossils using clay. of fossilization.
To understand the
Oral tradition storytelling Storybooks, audio
Preserving History importance of oral
session. recordings.
traditions.
Excavation Simulated excavation To understand the methods Sand, small tools,
Techniques activity. used in archaeology. hidden artifacts.
To understand how
Study of Human Anthropological study of a Observation sheets,
anthropologists study
Societies community. community maps.
societies.
Hominids and Homo Evolution timeline To understand human Timeline templates,
Sapiens creation. evolution. pictures of hominids.
Comparing tools from
To understand technological Replica tools,
Stone Age Periods different Stone Age
advancements. comparison charts.
periods.
Creating copper tool To understand metallurgical Clay, copper wire,
Stone Copper Age
models. advancements. modeling tools.
To understand the lifestyle Outdoor space,
Hunter-Gatherers Survival simulation game.
of hunter-gatherers. survival props.
Designing nomadic To understand the reasons Craft materials,
Nomadic Life
shelters. for mobility. building guides.
Tools and To understand early Natural materials,
Tool-making workshop.
Technology technological innovations. crafting tools.
To understand social
Creating early human Craft materials,
Cultural Expression organization and cultural
cultural artifacts. artifact guides.
practices.
Protection and Fire safety and usage To understand the uses and Fire safety tools,
Cooking demonstration. control of fire. cooking props.
From Hunting to Planting and harvesting To understand the Seeds, soil, planting
Farming activity. agricultural revolution. tools.
Art materials,
Early Beliefs and Art and religion discussion To understand early human
religious artifact
Practices and creation. beliefs.
guides.
 Reflective Learning: Encourages students to think about the progression and development
of early human societies, their survival strategies, and cultural practices.
 Value Addition: Helps students appreciate the importance of archaeological findings,
technological advancements, and social structures in early civilizations.
 Cross-Connect to Other Subjects: Links to History (development of human societies),
Anthropology (study of human behavior and cultures), Science (archaeology, fossilization,
fire usage), Geography (locations of early civilizations, nomadic routes), Art (cave
paintings, cultural artifacts), Religious Studies (early human beliefs).
 Critical Thinking: Encourages students to analyze the factors that led to the development
of civilizations, evaluate the role of archaeologists and anthropologists, and understand the
significance of artifacts, fossils, and oral traditions.
 Skill Development: Develops observational skills, research skills, analytical thinking,
critical thinking, creative thinking, practical skills (tool-making, planting), cultural
appreciation, artistic skills, and safety awareness through hands-on activities and
demonstrations.
This teacher manual provides a comprehensive approach to teaching about early man's civilization,
incorporating various educational strategies to enhance students' understanding and engagement.
Teacher Manual: Our Earth
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
Reflect on Understandin Analyzing
Spatial
Introduction the g the the
Our Geography, visualization,
to Earth's composition structure and significance
Earth Geology geological
Layers of the Earth's composition of Earth's
understanding.
interior. of the Earth. layers.
Analyzing
Understandin
the
Reflect on g the
differences Geological
Layers of the Earth's characteristic Geography,
The Crust between knowledge,
the Earth outermost s and Geology
continental critical thinking.
layer. composition
and oceanic
of the crust.
crust.
The Mantle Reflect on Understandin Geography, Analyzing Scientific
the layer g the Geology the role of inquiry,
beneath the properties the mantle in analytical
Earth's crust. and Earth's thinking.
composition geological
of the processes.
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
mantle.
Reflect on g the the
Geophysical
the Earth's composition Geography, significance
The Core understanding,
innermost and structure Geology of the core
critical thinking.
layer. of the Earth's in Earth's
core. dynamics.
Analyzing
Understandin
the
Reflect on g how Spatial
Understandi movement
Tectonic the concept tectonic Geography, awareness,
ng Tectonic and
Plates of tectonic plates shape Geology geological
Plates interactions
plates. Earth's knowledge.
of tectonic
surface.
plates.
Understandin
g the Analyzing
processes of the
Reflect on
convergent, geological Scientific
Plate the different Geography,
divergent, features inquiry, critical
Movements types of plate Geology
and associated thinking.
movements.
transform with plate
plate movements.
movements.
Understandin
g the theory Historical
the concept evidence
of Geography, understanding,
Pangea of the supporting
continental Geology analytical
supercontine the theory of
drift and thinking.
nt Pangea. Pangea.
Pangea.
Understandin
g the
Convectio the role of the impact Scientific
connection
n and Mechanics of convection Geography, of reasoning,
between
Tectonic Convection currents in Geology convection geological
convection
Plates plate on Earth's understanding.
and tectonic
movement. dynamics.
activity.
Reflect on
g the the Ecological
Oceans: A the Biology,
Ocean ecological biodiversity awareness,
Habitat importance Environment
Ecosystem significance and biological
for Life of oceans as al Science
of ocean ecosystems understanding.
habitats.
ecosystems. in oceans.
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
Understandin
g the
economic
the various Economics, the Resource
Ocean and
resources Environment sustainable management,
Resources ecological
provided by al Science use of ocean critical thinking.
importance
oceans. resources.
of ocean
resources.
Reflect on
g the impact the factors
the role of Environment Climate literacy,
Climate of oceans on influencing
oceans in al Science, analytical
Regulation global oceanic
regulating Geography thinking.
climate climate
climate.
patterns. regulation.
Reflect on g the the factors Cultural
Continent Geography,
Continental the diversity geological contributing appreciation,
s Across Cultural
Diversity of and cultural to geographical
the Globe Studies
continents. diversity of continental understanding.
continents. diversity.
Reflect on g the the
the various geological formation Geomorphologic
Geography,
Landforms landforms processes and al knowledge,
Geology
found on shaping characteristi critical thinking.
Earth. Earth's cs of
landforms. landforms.

 Reflective Learning: Encourages students to contemplate the composition, structure, and

dynamics of the Earth, fostering a deeper understanding of geological processes.
 Value Addition: Enhances students' appreciation of Earth's interconnected systems,
including plate tectonics, ocean ecosystems, and climate regulation, emphasizing their
significance for life on Earth.
 Cross-Connect to Other Subjects: Integrates concepts from Geography, Geology,
Biology, Environmental Science,
Teacher Manual: The Great Voyages

Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
Analyzing the Historical
The Age of the impact the historical History,
Historical motivations analysis,
Exploratio of the age context and World
Significance behind contextual
n of significance of Cultures
exploration. understanding.
exploration. voyages.
Reflect on Understanding Analyzing the
History, Sociopolitical
Motivations the reasons the economic, impact of
Economics, awareness,
for that drove political, and exploration
Anthropolog historical
Exploration people to cultural on different
y inquiry.
explore. motivations. societies.
Reflect on
Analyzing the
the Understanding
Challenges strategies Problem-
obstacles the risks and History,
Faced by employed to solving,
encountere difficulties of Geography
Explorers overcome resilience.
d during exploration.
challenges.
voyages.
Reflect on
Understanding
the Analyzing the Navigation
Magellan's
Great Ferdinand contributio History, implications skills,
circumnavigati
Explorers Magellan ns of Geography of Magellan's historical
on and its
Magellan to expedition. analysis.
significance.
exploration.
Reflect on
Understanding Analyzing the
Vespucci's Cartography,
Amerigo Vespucci's role History, impact of
exploration geographical
Vespucci in mapping the Geography Vespucci's
of the New knowledge.
Americas. discoveries.
World.
Analyzing the Navigational
Columbus' the impact of
Christopher History, consequences techniques,
voyages to Columbus'
Columbus Geography of Columbus' historical
the encounters with
expeditions. understanding.
Americas. the New World.
Reflect on
da Gama's Maritime
the significance History, economic
Vasco da exploration navigation,
of da Gama's Economics, impact of da
Gama of the sea economic
maritime Geography Gama's
route to analysis.
achievements. discoveries.
India.
James Cook Reflect on Understanding History, Analyzing the Scientific
Cook's Cook's Geography cultural and observation,
voyages in contributions to scientific cultural
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
impacts of
the Pacific mapping and
Cook's appreciation.
Ocean. exploration.
journeys.
Reflect on
the Understanding Analyzing the
Cartographic
Impact of expansion the influence of
Expansion of Geography, skills,
Exploratio of advancements exploration
Knowledge History geographical
n geographic in cartography on world
understanding.
al and geography. maps.
knowledge.
Reflect on
the cultural Intercultural
Connecting the interactions History, cultural
exchanges communicatio
Distant between Anthropolog diffusion
facilitated n, cultural
Cultures different y resulting from
by awareness.
societies. exploration.
exploration.
Economic
Global Trade the the economic
History, analysis, trade
and economic establishment consequences
Economics network
Economy impacts of of global trade of
understanding.
exploration. networks. exploration.
Reflect on
Analyzing the
the colonial Understanding Political
History, effects of
Colonization expansions the geopolitical awareness,
Political colonization
and Empires resulting consequences historical
Science on indigenous
from of exploration. perspective.
societies.
exploration.
Reflect on
Understanding
the Analyzing the
the
Scientific scientific scientific Scientific
contributions of History,
Advancemen discoveries methods inquiry,
exploration to Science
ts made employed by research skills.
scientific
during explorers.
knowledge.
voyages.
Reflect on
Analyzing the
the
Understanding cultural Sociocultural
exchange of
Cultural the cultural History, transformatio understanding,
ideas and
Diffusions impacts of Sociology ns resulting cultural
cultures due
exploration. from appreciation.
to
exploration.
exploration.
Cross-
Topic Subunit
Subjects
Reflect on
how Understanding Analyzing the
Critical
Redefining exploration the paradigm philosophical
History, reflection,
the reshaped shifts brought implications
Philosophy philosophical
Worldview perceptions about by of
inquiry.
of the exploration. exploration.
world.
Historical
Legacy of the how long-term
Historical History, perspective,
Exploratio enduring exploration consequences
Impact Sociology societal
n legacies of shaped the of
understanding.
exploration. modern world. exploration.

 Reflective Learning: Encourages students to contemplate the motivations, challenges, and

impacts of exploration, fostering a deeper understanding of historical events.
 Value Addition: Enhances students' appreciation of exploration's contributions to global
knowledge, economy, and culture, emphasizing its lasting legacy.
 Cross-Connect to Other Subjects: Integrates concepts from History, Geography,
Economics, Science, Sociology, and Political Science, highlighting the multidisciplinary
nature of exploration.
 Critical Thinking: Encourages students to analyze the complexities and implications of
exploration, fostering critical inquiry and reflection.
 Skill Development: Develops skills in historical analysis, geographical understanding,
cultural appreciation, and interdisciplinary thinking.
Cross-
Topic Content
Subjects
Understandin Analyze the
Overview of Reflect on g the role of need for an Research and
History:
the UNO: the international international presentation
Introduction Origin of the
history, importance organizations organization skills on the
to the UNO UNO post-
purpose, and of global in to address history of the
WWII.
principles. cooperation. maintaining global UNO.
peace. issues.
Cross-
Topic Content
Subjects
Explanation
of main
Evaluate the
bodies:
Civics: effectivenes Analytical
General Reflect on Recognizing
Understandin s of the skills in
Assembly, the decision- the
Structure of g government UNO's understanding
Security making importance of
the UNO and structure in complex
Council, process at a structured
international dealing with organizationa
International global level. governance.
bodies. global l structures.
Court of
issues.
Justice, and
others.
Discuss the
main
functions: Reflect on
Assess the
maintaining how the Geography: Critical
Awareness of challenges
international UNO Impact of analysis of
Functions and global and
peace, impacts UNO the UNO's
Roles of the initiatives and successes of
promoting global and programs on role in
UNO their local the UNO in
human rights, local different various
impact. fulfilling its
fostering communities regions. global issues.
roles.
social and .
economic
development.
Science:
Overview of
Understandin WHO’s role Evaluate the Research
agencies like Reflect on
g the in global impact of skills on
WHO, the specific
Specialized specialized health; specialized specific
UNESCO, contributions
Agencies functions and Education: agencies on agencies and
UNICEF, of each
their UNESCO’s global their
and their agency.
importance. role in challenges. contributions.
roles.
education.
Discuss
significant
Reflect on
achievements Social Analyze the
the global Appreciation
like Studies: factors Presentation
Key benefits for the
peacekeeping Historical leading to skills on the
Achievement achieved UNO’s role in
missions, context of the success achievements
s of the UNO through global
eradication UNO of UNO of the UNO.
UNO progress.
of diseases, achievements. initiatives.
initiatives.
humanitarian
aid, etc.
Challenges Examination Reflect on Understandin Economics: Critically Problem-
Cross-
Topic Content
Subjects
of
Funding and
challenges:
the resource assess the solving skills
funding, g the
difficulties allocation; challenges in addressing
Faced by the political complexity of
in achieving Political and propose global
UNO conflicts, global
global Science: potential governance
bureaucratic governance.
consensus. Conflicts and solutions. issues.
inefficiencies
resolutions.
.
History:
Discuss Reflect on National pride India’s Evaluate Research and
India’s India's role
and foreign India's presentation
Role of India contributions and its awareness of policy; contribution skills on
in the UNO and impact on India's Civics: s and their India’s
participation global international India’s role in significance involvement
in the UNO. affairs. influence. global in the UNO. in the UNO.
politics.
Reflect on Predict
the future future
Speculate on Social
role of challenges Forward-
the future Awareness of Studies:
international and propose thinking and
Future of the challenges future global Evolving
organization how the strategic
UNO and the governance nature of
s in an UNO can planning
evolution of trends. global
evolving adapt to skills.
the UNO. cooperation.
global address
landscape. them.
Teacher Manual: United Nations Organization
Lesson Overview
This lesson plan is designed to provide students with an in-depth understanding of the United
Nations Organization (UNO), its origins, structure, functions, and its impact on global issues. The
manual is organized in a tabular format to facilitate easy reference and structured learning.
Cross-
Topic Content
Subjects
League of History and Reflect on Understandin History: Post- Analyze the Research and
Nations reasons for the g the WWI world reasons for analytical
the formation effectivenes evolution of order. the failure skills in
of the League s of early international of the historical
Cross-
Topic Content
Subjects
of Nations, internationa
League of
its successes l efforts for organizations. context.
Nations.
and failures. peace.
Circumstance Critical
Reflect on
s leading to Evaluate the thinking on
the global Appreciation
the creation History: Post- differences historical
need for a for the
Birth of the of the UNO, WWII between the developments
new foundational
UNO founding reconstructio League of and their
internationa goals of the
members, and n. Nations and impact on
l body post- UNO.
the UN the UNO. modern
WWII.
Charter. institutions.
Detailed
overview of
the Security
Council,
General
Assembly, Reflect on Understandin Civics: Assess the Analytical
Economic the structure g the roles Structure of effectivenes skills in
Major
and Social and and government s of each understanding
Organs of the
Council, functionalit responsibilitie and major organ complex
UN
International y of global s of each international in fulfilling organizational
Court of governance. organ. bodies. its mandate. structures.
Justice,
Trusteeship
Council, and
the
Secretariat.
Explanation
of VETO Debate the
Political Critical
power, the Reflect on Awareness of fairness and
Science: analysis of
countries that the balance power impact of
Power and political
Veto Power hold it, and of power dynamics in VETO
influence in systems and
its within the international power on
global power
implications UNO. relations. internationa
politics. structures.
on UN l decisions.
decisions.
Member List of Reflect on Recognition Geography: Evaluate the Research and
Countries of current the of global Understandin criteria for presentation
the UNO member importance diversity and g global UN skills on
countries, the of global unity. alliances and membership international
criteria for participatio political and its membership
membership, n in the geography. implications and diplomacy.
Cross-
Topic Content
Subjects
and the
benefits of for global
UNO.
being a governance.
member.
Overview of
WHO,
UNDP, Science: Assess the
the g the
UNHRC, WHO’s role effectivenes Research skills
Social and contribution importance of
UNHCR, in health; s of these on specific
Economic s of addressing
UNICEF, Economics: agencies in agencies and
Issue specialized social and
UNESCO, UNDP’s role tackling their global
Agencies agencies to economic
their roles, in global impact.
global well- issues
and impact development. challenges.
being. globally.
on global
issues.
Programs and
Evaluate the
initiatives Understandin
Social impact of
that involve Reflect on g the Communicatio
Studies: children's
Participation children, such the role of importance of n and
Youth participatio
of Children as UNICEF, children in youth advocacy skills
participation n in UN
in the UN and the shaping the involvement in youth
in programs
importance of future. in global engagement.
governance. and
their issues.
initiatives.
participation.
Key
Analyze the
achievements History:
Reflect on factors
in Impact of UN
the global Appreciation leading to Presentation
peacekeeping interventions;
benefits for the the success skills on the
Achievement , health, Environmenta
achieved UNO’s role in of UN achievements
s of the UNO education, l Science:
through global initiatives and challenges
human rights, UN’s role in
UNO progress. and their of the UNO.
and climate
initiatives. long-term
environmenta action.
impact.
l protection.
Teacher Manual: Lesson on Safety
Lesson Overview
This lesson plan is designed to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of various
safety aspects, including road safety, traffic rules, pedestrian safety, assistance and support in
emergencies, protecting vulnerable groups, community engagement, and cyber safety. The manual
is organized in a tabular format for easy reference and structured learning.
Cross-
Topic Content
Subjects
Understandin
personal Awareness of Assess the skills in
g the Health
experiences the critical effectiveness evaluating
Importance significance Education:
and the role road of current safety
of Road of road safety Impact of
impact of safety plays road safety measures and
Safety in preventing accidents on
road safety in everyday measures in their
accidents and health.
on the life. your area. implementation
saving lives.
community. .
Learning
Reflect on
about traffic Decision-
the
rules, signals, Understandin Evaluate the making skills
importance
Traffic and their g the system Civics: Laws adequacy of in following
of following
Rules and importance in that maintains and traffic rules in traffic rules
rules and the
Signals regulating order on the regulations. preventing and
consequence
traffic flow roads. accidents. recognizing
s of
and ensuring signals.
violations.
safety.
Importance of
wearing seat Recognizing Health Debate the
Reflect on Practical skills
belts and the life- Science: enforcement
Seat Belts the personal in using safety
helmets to saving Injury of laws
and benefits of gear and
reduce the potential of prevention requiring seat
Helmets using safety promoting their
severity of simple safety and safety belts and
gear. use.
injuries in measures. gear. helmets.
accidents.
Learning safe
practices for
Analyze the Observational
pedestrians, Awareness of Urban
Reflect on effectiveness skills in
including the Planning:
personal of pedestrian identifying safe
Pedestrian using importance of Design of
experiences safety pedestrian
Safety crosswalks pedestrian pedestrian-
as a measures in practices and
and safety friendly
pedestrian. your areas for
understandin measures. spaces.
community. improvement.
g pedestrian
signals.
Providing How to Reflect on Understandin Health Evaluate Practical first
Assistance provide the g the role of Education: different aid skills and
and Support assistance in importance bystanders in First aid scenarios and the ability to
emergencies, of helping emergency training. determine the stay calm in
Cross-
Topic Content
Subjects
including
basic first aid
appropriate
and others in
situations. assistance to emergencies.
contacting need.
provide.
emergency
services.
Role of
traffic control Reflect on
Assess the Analytical
measures, how traffic Understandin Engineering:
Traffic impact of skills in
including control g the Design of
Control and various traffic evaluating the
traffic lights, measures infrastructure traffic
Road control effectiveness of
speed bumps, influence that supports control
Safety measures on traffic control
and signage, driving safe driving. systems.
road safety. measures.
in ensuring behavior.
road safety.
Importance of
protecting Propose
Social
vulnerable Reflect on measures to Empathy and
Awareness of Studies:
groups, such the special improve advocacy skills
Protecting the diverse Inclusivity
as children, needs of safety for in promoting
Vulnerable needs of and
the elderly, vulnerable vulnerable the safety of
Groups different road accessibility
and people groups in groups in vulnerable
users. in urban
with traffic. your groups.
planning.
disabilities, community.
on the roads.
Role of
community Leadership and
Evaluate the
engagement Reflect on Understandin Social organizational
effectiveness
Community and safety the power of g the Science: skills in
of local safety
Engagemen programs in community collective Community community
programs and
t and Safety promoting initiatives in responsibility mobilization engagement
suggest
Programs road safety promoting of ensuring and public and program
improvements
awareness safety. road safety. health. implementation
.
and behavior .
change.
Cyber Understandin Reflect on Awareness of Information Analyze Digital literacy
Safety g the personal the Technology: common skills and the
importance of online importance of Cybersecurit online threats ability to
cyber safety, behavior and digital y basics. and develop navigate the
recognizing its safety security and strategies to internet safely.
online implications. responsible avoid them.
threats, and online
Cross-
Topic Content
Subjects
learning how
to protect
behavior.
personal
information.
Learning
about safety
measures to
prevent Reflect on Identify
Practical skills
accidents at potential Awareness of Home common
in maintaining
home, hazards at the Economics: household
Home a safe home
including fire home and importance of Safety in hazards and
Safety environment
safety, how to a safe living household propose
and emergency
electrical mitigate environment. management. safety
preparedness.
safety, and them. measures.
handling
hazardous
materials.
Understandin Evaluate the
Reflect on
g the basics Awareness of fire safety Emergency
the
of fire safety, fire hazards Science: measures in response skills
importance
including and the Chemistry of your home or and the ability
Fire Safety of being
prevention, importance of fire and school and to use fire
prepared for
detection, and fire safety materials. suggest safety
a fire
response in measures. improvements equipment.
emergency.
case of a fire. .
This teacher manual provides a structured and comprehensive approach to teaching students about
various safety aspects. Each subunit is designed to foster reflective learning, add value to students'
understanding, connect with other subjects, encourage critical thinking, and develop essential
skills.
Teacher Manual: Lesson on Economic Decision Making
Lesson Overview
This lesson plan is designed to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of economic
decision-making, including concepts such as wants and needs, economic growth and development,
scarcity, supply and demand, and equilibrium. The manual is organized in a tabular format for easy
reference and structured learning.
Cross-
Skill
Topic Content Developmen
t
Subjects
Understandin
g the Evaluate
Reflect on
difference personal
personal Recognizing Decision-
between spending
wants vs. the importance Social making skills
Wants and wants and habits and
needs and of prioritizing Studies: Basic in prioritizing
Needs needs, and categorize
their impact needs over human needs. needs over
how they them into
on decision- wants. wants.
influence wants and
making.
economic needs.
decisions.
Understandin Reflect on
g how how
Analyze Analytical
economies economic
Economic Awareness of historical skills in
grow and changes History:
Change the factors that examples of understandin
develop, and have Economic
Growth and drive economic economic g economic
the factors affected history and
Developmen growth and growth and growth and
that personal development.
t development. their impacts development
contribute to and
on societies. trends.
economic community
change. life.
Understandin
Reflect on
g the concept
personal Recognizing Debate the Problem-
of scarcity
experiences the role of Environmenta impact of solving skills
and how it
Scarcity and of scarcity scarcity in l Science: resource in making
forces
Choices and how shaping Resource scarcity on choices under
individuals
they economic management. global conditions of
and societies
influenced decisions. economies. scarcity.
to make
choices.
choices.
Exploring
various
factors that Evaluate
influence Understanding different
the factors skills in
Factors economic the complexity Psychology: factors and
that evaluating
Influencing decisions, of economic Decision- their relative
influence and weighing
Economic such as decision- making importance
personal different
Decisions prices, making processes. in making
economic economic
income, processes. economic
decisions. factors.
preferences, decisions.
and external
factors.
Making Learning how Reflect on Developing the Mathematics: Propose a Decision-
Cross-
Skill
t
Subjects
plan for
to make
making a
informed and
past major making and
wise ability to make
Wise economic purchase or analytical
economic sound Cost-benefit
Economic decisions investment skills in
decisions economic analysis.
Decisions and their based on economic
based on decisions.
outcomes. thorough contexts.
analysis and
research and
evaluation.
analysis.
Understandin Analyze a
Reflect on
g the process Recognizing case study of
the Business Analytical
of making the impact of a major
Economic importance Studies: and decision-
economic economic economic
Decision of making Business making skills
decisions at decisions on decision
Making informed decision- in economic
both personal individuals and made by a
economic making. contexts.
and societal societies. company or
decisions.
levels. government.
Learning the
basic Evaluate the
principles of impact of Analytical
how supply the
supply and Economics: changes in skills in
Supply and and demand foundational
demand, and Market supply and understandin
Demand affect concepts of
how they principles. demand on g market
personal market
interact to market dynamics.
purchases. economies.
determine prices.
prices.
Understandin Reflect on Analyze the
Recognizing
g the role of the strategies Analytical
the Business
suppliers in importance used by skills in
Meet the interdependenc Studies:
the economy of suppliers suppliers to evaluating
Suppliers e between Supply chain
and how they in meeting meet supply chain
suppliers and management.
respond to consumer changing strategies.
consumers.
demand. needs. demands.
Understandin Reflect on
g the factors personal Understanding Analyze the Analytical
The Demand that influence consumptio the role of Economics: impact of skills in
from the consumer n patterns consumers in Consumer advertising understandin
Buyers demand and and their driving market behavior. on consumer g consumer
how it shapes impact on trends. demand. behavior.
the market. demand.
The Supply Learning how Reflect on Understanding Mathematics: Create and Analytical
and Demand to draw and how how market Graphing and analyze and graphing
Cross-
Skill
t
Subjects
interpret
supply and supply and
changes in
demand demand
supply and skills in
curves, and prices are data curves for
Curve demand can economic
their determined. interpretation. different
shift the contexts.
implications market
curves.
for market scenarios.
prices.
Reflect on
Understandin Analyze how
the Recognizing Analytical
g the concept market
importance the importance Science: skills in
Finding of market equilibrium
of balance of equilibrium Balancing understandin
Balance equilibrium is achieved
between in stable equations. g market
and how it is and
supply and markets. equilibrium.
achieved. maintained.
demand.
Learning
Reflect on Evaluate the
about the Understanding Analytical
how factors that
equilibrium the Physics: skills in
equilibrium can disrupt
The price and significance of Equilibrium maintaining
affects market
Equilibrium quantity in a equilibrium in in physical and restoring
personal equilibrium
market, and economic systems. market
economic and propose
how they are stability. equilibrium.
decisions. solutions.
determined.
Understandin Analyze
Analytical
g how Reflect on historical
History: skills in
changes in real-world Recognizing and
Changes in Historical predicting
supply and examples of the dynamic contemporar
Supply and examples of and
demand changes in nature of y examples
Demand market responding to
affect market supply and markets. of changes in
changes. market
equilibrium demand. supply and
changes.
and prices. demand.
Exploring
real-life Analyze a
examples of specific Analytical
personal the practical Economics:
Supply and supply and market and problem-
experiences applications of Case studies
Demand demand example and solving skills
of supply supply and in market
Example interactions its supply in economic
and demand demand dynamics.
and their and demand contexts.
fluctuations. principles.
impact on dynamics.
prices.
Equilibrium Learning Reflect on Recognizing Physics: Evaluate Analytical
Example through the the stability Examples of real-life skills in
Cross-
Skill
t
Subjects
examples importance market understandin
how market of provided by equilibrium in examples to g and
equilibrium is equilibrium market different understand maintaining
achieved and in everyday equilibrium. systems. equilibrium market
maintained. markets. dynamics. equilibrium.
Understandin
g how
Reflect on Analyze
changes in History: Analytical
the impact Understanding historical
supply can Supply skills in
Changes in of supply the sensitivity examples of
affect market changes responding to
Supply changes on of markets to supply
prices and during supply
Example personal supply changes and
equilibrium historical changes in
purchasing changes. their market
through events. markets.
decisions. impacts.
specific
examples.
Understandin
g how
Reflect on Analyze
changes in History: Analytical
the impact Understanding historical
demand can Demand skills in
Changes in of demand the sensitivity examples of
affect market changes responding to
Demand changes on of markets to demand
prices and during demand
Examples personal demand changes and
equilibrium historical changes in
purchasing changes. their market
through events. markets.
decisions. impacts.
specific
examples.

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Teacher Manual: Lesson on Living and Non-Living Things

Detailed Explanations for Each Column

Cross-Connect to Other Subjects:

 Encourages students to analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information, fostering higher-

Detailed Explanations for Each Column

Cross-Connect to Other Subjects:

 Promotes analysis, evaluation, and synthesis of information, encouraging students to think

Detailed Explanations for Each Column

 Encourages students to relate lesson content to personal experiences, enhancing their

 Fosters analysis, evaluation, and synthesis of information, encouraging students to think

 Focuses on specific skills such as observation, classification, research, and explanation,

Detailed Explanations for Each Column

Cross-Connect to Other Subjects:

 Encourages students to analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information, fostering higher-

Detailed Explanations for Each Column

Cross-Connect to Other Subjects:

 Fosters analysis, evaluation, and synthesis of information, encouraging students to think

Detailed Explanations for Each Column

Cross-Connect to Other Subjects:

 Focuses on specific skills such as observation, self-reflection, communication, and

Detailed Explanations for Each Column

Cross-Connect to Other Subjects:

 Fosters analysis, evaluation, and synthesis of information, encouraging students to think

Detailed Explanations for Each Column

Cross-Connect to Other Subjects:

 Fosters analysis, evaluation, and synthesis of information, encouraging students to think

Expanded Topics with Examples

1. India and Its Neighbouring Countries:

Cross-Connect to Other Subjects:

 Fosters analysis, evaluation, and synthesis of information, encouraging students to think

 Focuses on specific skills such as mechanical reasoning, historical analysis, research,

Expanded Topics with Examples

1. Discovery of the Wheel:

Detailed Explanations for Each Column

Cross-Connect to Other Subjects:

 Fosters analysis, evaluation, and synthesis of information, encouraging students to think

 Focuses on specific skills such as budgeting, classification, analysis, and decision-making,

Expanded Topics with Examples

1. What are Needs?

Detailed Activity Plan

Subunit Activity Objective Materials Needed

Detailed Activity Plan

Teacher Manual: The Importance of Natural Regions of the World

Detailed Activity Plan

Subunit Activity Objective Materials Needed

Detailed Activity Plan

Subunit Activity Objective Materials Needed

Teacher Manual: Inspiring People of India

Detailed Activity Plan

Subunit Activity Objective Materials Needed

Detailed Activity Plan

Subunit Activity Objective Materials Needed

Teacher Manual: Cells and Their Functions

Detailed Activity Plan

Subunit Activity Objective Materials Needed

Teacher Manual: Respiratory and Excretory System

Detailed Activity Plan

Subunit Activity Objective Materials Needed

Teacher Manual: Air and Atmosphere

Detailed Activity Plan

Teacher Manual: Physical and Chemical Changes

Detailed Activity Plan

Teacher Manual: Simple Machines

Detailed Activity Plan