OSTEOMALACIA

KEEM NICOLE C. LOPEZ

OSTEOMALACIA
(ADULT RICKETS)
adult bones become abnormally
soft because of disturbed
calcium and phosphorus
metabolism secondary to
Vitamin D deficiency
ETIOLOGY
1 normal osteoblast-
Lack of minerals from

osteoclastic activity
due to poor dietary
intake.
ETIOLOGY
2 such as phenytoin
Prolonged use of drugs

(Dilantin) or
Phenobarbital with
disrupts vitamin D
metabolism in the liver.
ETIOLOGY
3 phosphates
Antacids with bind
and
corticosteroid with
decreased intestinal
calcium absorption.
INCIDENCE
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
ANATOMY
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
INADEQUATE CALCIUM
AND VITAMIN D IN THE
DIET

DECREASE IN THE
ABSORPTION OF
CALCIUM FROM THE
INTESTINE
 INADEQUATE CONCENTRATION OF CALCIUM
AND PHOSPHATE IN THE BODY FLUIDS

MARKED INCREASE IN THE ABNORMAL

MINERALIZED BONES

DECREASE SKELETAL STRENGTH AND SOFTENING

AND DECALCIFICATION OF BONES (ESPECIALLY
THE SPINE PELVIS AND LOWER EXTREMITIES)
 PAIN AND TENDERNESS; GENERALIZED
WEAKNESS DUE TO IMPAIRED O2 DELIVERY
TO MUSCLE FOR DECREASE RBC

BONE BECOME BENT AND FLATTENED; IN

SPINA-SCOLIOTIC AND KYPHOTIC DEFORMITY;
COMPRESSION FRACTUREBOWING AND
BENDING OF THE LONG BONES
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS

BLOOD AND URINE TEST

X-RAYS
BONE BIOPSY
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
VITAMIN D,
CALCIUM, AND
PHOSPHATE
SUPPLEMENT
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
CORRECTIVE OSTEOTOMY AND
FIXATION WITH EXTERNAL FIXATORS,
KIRSHNER'S WIRES, INTRAMEDULLARY
NAIL, PLATES AND CASTING
INCLUDING EPIPHYSIODESIS
NURSING MANAGEMENT
HAVING A DIET RICH IN VITAMIN D AND
CALCIUM
GETTING A HEALTHY AMOUNT OF SUNSHINE
AVOID SMOKING AND ALCOHOL
EXERCISE REGULARLY
MAINTAINING A HEALTHY WEIGHT
GOUT
KEEM NICOLE C. LOPEZ
GOUT
(GOUTY ARTHTRITIS)

is a disease in which acute attacks

of arthritis pain occur because of
elevated levels of serum uric acid.
ETIOLOGY
1 GENETIC
PREDISPOSITION

2 COMORBIDITIES
MEDICAL

3 DIETARY FACTORS
INCIDENCE
BETWEEN
20 TO 40
YEARS OLD
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Acute periodic episodes of joint
1 pain, swelling and inflammation
(usually at NIGHT)

2
Presence and formation of
TOPHI in soft tissue
ANATOMY
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
 METABOLIC
DISORDER OF
PURINE METABOLISM
INABILITY PROPERLY
METABOLIC PURINE
PRODUCES AN
EXCESSIVE
ACCUMULATION OF
URIC ACID IN BLOOD
PLASMA
 HYPERURICEMIA

URATE CRYSTALS ARE DEPOSITED

THROUGHOUT THE BODY

LOCAL IRRITATION

INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
MEDICATIONS:
COLCHICINE,
CORTICOSTEROIDS,
NSAIDS
SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS
TENDON TRANSPLANT
OSTEOTOMY
SYNOVECTOMY
ARTHROPLASTY
TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT
TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT
INTERPHALANGEAL JOINT REPLACEMENT
NURSING MANAGEMENT
INCREASE IN
FLUID (3L/DAY)
RESTRICTING OF
DIETARY PURINE