Microwave

1. The advantage of microwave lower frequency signals are

a. Increased band width
b. Ability to use high gain directive antenna
c. Greater secrecy
d. All of the above

2. The multi cavity klystron

a. Is not a good low level amplifier because of noise
b. Has a high repeller voltage to ensure a rapid transist time
c. Is not suitable for pulsed operation
d. Needs a long transist time through the buncher cavity to ensure current

3. In klystron, the velocity modulation takes place in

a. Drift tube
b. Collector
c. Input cavity resonator
d. Output cavity resonator

4. Indicate the false statement, klystron amplifiers may use intermediate cavities to
a. Prevent the oscillations that occur in two cavity klystron
b. Increase the bandwidth of the device
c. Improve the power gain
d. Increase the efficiency of the klystron

5. Electron bunching in a reflex klystron occurs in the

a. Input cavity only
b. Vicinity of repeller electrode
c. Center of drift space
d. None

6. One of the reason why vacuum tubes eventually fall at micro wave frequencies is that
their
a. Noise figure increases
b. Transit time becomes too short
c. Shunt capacitance reactances become too large
d. Shunt inductive reactances become too small
7. Indicate the false statement. Transit time in microwave tubes will be reduced if
a. The electrons are brought closer together
b. A higher anode current is used
c. Multiple or co-axial leads are used
d. The anode voltage is made larger

8. One of the following is unlikely to be used as pulsed device. It is the

a. Multi cavity klystron
b. BWO
c. CFA
d. TWT

9. The TWT is sometimes preferred to the multi cavity klystron amplifier, because the
former
a. Is more efficient
b. Has a greater bandwidth
c. Has a higher number of modes
d. Produces a higher output power

10. The transit time in the repeller space of a reflex klystron must be n+3/4 cycles to ensure
that
a. Electrons are accelerated by the gap voltage on their return
b. Returning electrons give energy to the gap oscillations
c. It is equal to the period of the cavity oscillations
d. The repeller is not damaged by striking electrons

11. The cavity magnetron uses stapping to

a. Prevent more jumping
b. Prevent cathode back heating
c. Ensure bunching
d. Improve the phase focusing effect

12. A magnetic field is used in the cavity magnetron to

a. Prevent the anode current in the absence of oscillations
b. Ensure that the oscillations are pulsed
c. Help in focusing the electron beam, they preventing spreading
d. Ensure that the electron will orbit around the cathode
13. To avoid difficulties with strapping at high frequencies, the type of cavity structure used
in the magnetron is the
a. Hole and slot
b. Slot
c. Vane
d. Raising sun

14. The primary purpose of the helix in a Travelling Wave Tube is to

a. Prevent the electron beam form spreading the long tube
b. Reduce the axial velocity of the RF field
c. Ensure broad band operation
d. Reduce the noise figure

15. The attenuator used in the TWT to

a. Help bunching
b. Prevent oscillations
c. Prevent saturation
d. Increase gain

16. Periodic permanent magnet focusing is used with TWT’s to

a. Allow pulsed operation
b. Improve electron bunching
c. Avoid the bulk of an electro magnet
d. Allow coupled cavity operation at the highest frequencies

17. Indicate which of the following is not a TWT slow wave structure
a. Periodic permanent magnet
b. Coupled cavity
c. Helix
d. Ring bar

18. The glass tube of a TWT may be coated with aquadag to

a. Help focusing
b. Provide attenuation
c. Improve bunching
d. Increase gain
19. A backward wave oscillator is based on the
a. Rising sun magnetron
b. Crossed field amplifier
c. Coaxial magnetron
d. Travelling wave tube

20. A parametric amplifier must be cooled

a. Because parametric amplifications generates a lot of heat
b. To increase bandwidth
c. Because it cannot operate at room temperature
d. To improve the noise performance

21. Which of the following frequency bands fall under microwave frequency?
a. UHF and SHF
b. SHF and EHF
c. UHF,SHF and EHF
d. VLF,LF and MF

22. The gain of TWT is proportional to

a. Length of tube
b. Type input and output coupling
c. None of the above
d. Both a & b

23. The frequency determining portion of magnetron is

a. A resonant cavity
b. A shorted line
c. An open line
d. A cathode

24. The wavelength of microwaves at 100GHz will be

a. 3 cm
b. 0.3 cm
c. 0.03 cm
d. 0.3 cm

25. Microwave link repeaters are typically 50 km apart

a. Because of atmospheric attenuation
 b. Because of earths curvature
c. Because of outputtube power limitations
d. To ensure that the specified dc voltage is not excessive

26. Microwave ovens operate at a frequency of

a. 1.37 ghz
b. 2.45 ghz
c. 3.37 ghz
d. 22 microhertz

27. In magnetron the electrons travel in a cycloidal path because

a. The anode is negative
b. The cathode is positive
c. Permanent magnets supply a stronf field
d. The cavities are resonant

28. Noise figure is used as figure of merit of

a. Oscillator
b. Amplifier
c. Moderator
d. Isolator

29. The largest application of microwaves is in

a. Industrial heating
b. Research
c. Cooking
d. Communication

30. Microwave links are preferred for TV transmission because

a. They are free from impulse noise
b. They produce less phase distortion
c. They are cheaper
d. They have large bandwidth

31. In cavity magnetron when there will be no RF field between anode and cathode
operated in the
a. Zero mode
b. Pi mode
 c. N mode
d. None

32. The resonant frequency of magnetron changes with anode voltage is called
a. Frequency pushing
b. Frequency pulling
c. Mode jumping
d. None

33. The resonant frequency of magnetron variation due to changes in load impedance
a. Frequency pushing
b. Frequency pulling
c. Mode jumping
d. None

34. Connecting alternate anode plates with two conducting rings of heavy gauge touching
the anode poles
a. Strapping
b. Mode jumping
c. Unstrapping
d. Rising sun

35. Power output of magnetron in UHF band

a. 10 Watt
b. 40 Watt
c. 50 Watt
d. 10 mW

36. The biggest advantage of the trapatt diode over the impatt diode is its
a. Lower noise
b. Higher efficiency
c. Ability to operate at higher frequencies
d. Lesser sensitivity to harmonics

37. One of the following is not used as microwave mixer or detector

a. Crystal diode
b. Schottky barrier diode
c. Backward diode
 d. Pin diode
38. One of the following microwave diode is not suitable for very low power oscillations
only
a. Tunnel
b. Avalanche
c. Gunn
d. Impatt

39. A parametric amplifier has an input and output frequency of 2.25 GHz and is pumped at
4.5 GHz it is a
a. Travelling wave amplifier
b. Degenerate amplifier
c. Lower side band up converter
d. Upper side band up converter

40. The tunnel diode

a. Has a tiny hole through its center to facilate tunneling
b. Is a point contact diode with a very high reverse resistance
c. Uses a high doping level to provide a narrow junction
d. Works by quantum tunneling exhibited by gallium arsenide only
41. A tunnel diode is loosely coupled to its cavity in order to
a. Increase the frequency stability
b.increases the available negative resistance
C.facilitate tunning
d. allow operation at the highest frequency

42. The negative resistance in a tunnel diode

a. Is maximum at the peak point of the characteristic
b. Is available between the peak and valley points
c. Is maximum at the valley point
d. May be improved by reverse bias
43. Negative resistance is obtained with a gunn diode because of
a. electron transfer to a less mobility energy level
b. avalanche break down with the high voltage gradient
c. tunneling across the junction
d. electron domains forming at the junction

44. The biggest disadvantage of the impatt diode

 a. Lower efficiency than that of the other microwave diodes

b.High noise

c.Inability to provide pulsed operation

d. ectron domains forming at the junction

45. The Magnetic field is used with ruby maser to

a. Provide sharp focusing for the electron beam

b. Increase the Population inversion

c. Allow room temperature operation

d. Provide frequency adjustment

46. The ruby laser differs from the ruby maser in that former

a. Does not require pumping

b. Needs no resonator

c. Is an Oscillator

d. Produces much lower powers

47. The semi conductor diode which can be used in switching circuits at microwave range is

a. PIN diode

b. Varactor diode

c. Tunnel diode

d. Gunn diode

48. The term LASER is an abbreviation for

a. Low Amplification signal emitting radio waves

b. Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation

c. Last aligned sound emitting radio waves

d. None
49. MASER finds application in

a. Opto electronics

b. Fibre optics

c. Telephones

d. All of the above

50. Which one of the following diode is square law device

a. Varactor diode

b. Zener diode

c. Tunnel Diode

d. Crystal diode

51. A Parametric amplifier is one that uses a

a. Non linear inductive reactance

b. Non linear capacitive reactance

c. Time varying reactance

d. All of the above

52. Manley and Rowe equations relating to power flowing into and out of

a. ideal non linear reactances

b. ideal linear resistances

c. non linear resistances

d. None of the above

53. Under Zero and reverse bias,the PIN diode has a very high

a. Impedance

b. Voltage

c. Currents
 d. Power

54. PIN diode can be used as

a. Switch

b. Amplitude modulator

c. Phase shifter

d. All of the above

55. Main features of the tunnel diode oscillator are

a. Mechanical tuning is done by a tuning plunger

b. The diode is coupled to be cavity by a probe

c. Loop coupling is avoided as it gives inductive coupling

d. All of the above

56. Transferred electron devices having no junctions or gates which operate with

a. either junction or gates

b. Junctions only

c. Gates only

d. None

57. TED’s operate with hot electrons whose energy is very much greater than

a. Thermal energy

b. Electrical energy

c. Applied voltage

d. Applied power

58. Population inversion voltage is

a. 3.3 KV/cm

b. 4.4 KV/cm
 c. 5.5 KV/cm

d. 1.1 KV/cm

59. Depending on the material parameters and operating conditions gunn effect oscillator can
be made to oscillate on

a. Four frequency modes

b. Four frequency modes

c. Four frequency modes

d. Four frequency modes

60. Gunn oscillator in LSA mode gives

a. High power and high efficiency

b. Low power and high efficiency

c. High power and Low efficiency

d. Low power and Low efficiency

61. The main drawback of the two hole directional coupler is

a. low directional coupling

b. Poor directivity

c. high SWR

d. narrow bandwidth

62. A microwave junction is supposed to be matched at all ports if, in the s-matrix

a. all the diagonal elements are zero

b. all the diagonal elements are equal but not zero

c. all the diagonal elements are complex

d.is Hermitian

63. Tee’s and Junctions constitute

 a. Single port network

b.Two port network

c.Three port network

d.3 or more port network

64. In an E-plane Tee, the outputs of the two arms are

a.180 degrees out of phase

b.In the same phase

c.90 degrees out of phase

d.none

65. In the microwave circuits, cavities are used as

a. Circuit elements

b.Measuring device

c.Both a and b

d.none

66. In microwave frequencies, a cavity may be considered as

a.Lowpass filter

b.High pass filter

c.Band pass filter

d.Band reject filter

67. A directional coupler with 3 or more holes is preferred to two pole coupler

a. Reduce spurious mode generation

b. To reduce coupling of the signal

c. To increase the bandwidth of the system

 d. Because it is more efficient

68. A piston attenuator is a

a.Flap attenuator

b.Mode filter

c.Vane attenuator

d.Wave guide below cutoff

69. If the phase shift constant becomes imaginary in a certain case,

a. The wave cannot be propagates and gets attenuated instead

b.Oscillations are setup within the wave guide

c.The wave cannot exist

d.none

70. A magic-tee is nothing but

a. A modification of E-plane Tee

b. A modification of H-plane Tee

c. A combination of E-plane and H-plane Tee

d. Two E-plane Tee’s connected in parallel

71. In an H-plane Tee,

a. All the 3 arms lie in the plane of the electric field

b. All the 3 arms lie in the plane of the magnetic field

c. All the 3 arms lie in the plane perpendicular to the magnetic field

d.none

72. the maximum power that may be handled by a ferrite component is limited by the

a. Saturated magnetization

b.Gyromagnetic resonance
 c.Linc width

d.Curie temperature

73. A duplexer is used

a.To increase the speed of the pulses in pulsed radar

b. To couple two different antennas when they are connected to a receiver

c. To prevent interference between two antennas when they are connected to a receiver

d. to allow one antenna to be used for reception or transmission without mutual

interference

74. Circular waveguide may be preferred to rectangular one for same application because of

a. Rotation

b. The smaller cross section

c. Freedom from spurious modes

d. None

75. Gyrator provides 180 degrees phase shift in one direction and in reverse direction

a. Zero degrees phase shift

b. 180 degree phase shift

c. 90 degree phase shift

d.45 degree phase shift

76. the most fundamental method of frequency measurement

a. By comparison

b. with an absorption wave meter

c. with a slotted lined

d. none of the above

77. At different frequencies microwave impedance measurement is possible with the help of
 a. A spectrum analyzer

b. A travelling detector and other auxiliary apparatus

c. Either of the above

d. none of the above

78. Bolometer are used in the measurement of

a. RF power

b. Audio power

c. microwave power

d. None of the above

79. The parameters which can be measure at microwave frequencies

a. Frequency

b. Power

c. Attenuation

d. All of the above

80. Slotted line is a piece of transmission line, that the voltage and current can be measured
along its

a. length

b. breadth

c. height

d. none of the above

81. In microwave measurements, the signal generator is

a. Gunn diode oscillator

b. BWO

c. Reflex klystron
 d. All of the above

82. the precision attenuator provides attenuation in dB in the range of

a. 0-50

b. 2-20

c. 20-40

d. 40-60

83. Transmission cavities

a. Pass only the signal frequency to which they are tuned

b. reject the signal frequency to which they are tuned

c. Attenuate the signal frequency to which they are tuned

d. none of the above

84. The technique used for measurement of low power

a. Bolometer

b. Calorimetric technique

c. Calorimetric Wattmeter

d. All of the above

85. Barretters are

a. Positive temperature coefficient

b. Negative temperature coefficient

c. Zero temperature coefficient

d. None

86. Standing wave ratio varies from

a. one to infinity

b. Zero to infinity
 c. infinity to one

d. infinity to Zero

87. Minimum value of VSWR is

a. Zero
b. Unity
c. Infinity
d. Five

88. The techniques used for the measurement Q of cavity resonator

a. Transmission method
b. Impedance measurement
c. Transient decay or decrement method
d. All of the above

89. Standard noise source can operate over a

a. Large bandwidth
b. Small bandwidth
c. No bandwidth
d. None of the above

90. A disadvantage of microstrip compared with stripline is that microstrip

a. Does not readily lend itself to printed circuit techniques

b. Is more likely to radiate
c. Is bulkier
d. Is more expensive and complex to manufacture

91. The transmission system using two ground planes is

a. Microstrip
b. Elliptical waveguide
c. Parallel wire lines
d. Stripline

92. Indicate the false statement. An advantage of stripline over wave guides is its

a. Smaller bulk
b. Greater bandwidth
 c. Higher power handling capability
d. Greater compatibility with solid state devices

93. Microwave integrated circuits are

a. active circuits

b. passive circuits

c. distributed circuits

d. hybrid circuits

94. the main advantage of MIC’s are

a. small size

b. less weight

c. high reliability and re producability

d. all of the above

95. An MMIC consists of

a. Two or more IC’s

b. Two or more IC’s with discrete components

c. one or more IC’s

d. all of the above

96. A 3 conductor TEM mode transmission line consisting of a thin conductor supported on a di
electric sheet with an earthed metallic backing is called

a. Strip line

b. Planar transmission line

c. Thin film devices

d. None of the above

97. Symmetrical strip lines are those which have two dielectric sheet and

a. Earthed conductors
 b. Positive conductors

c. Negative conductors

d. None

98. The mode of propagation in strip line is

a. TEM

b. TE

c. TM

d. All of the above

99. Micro strip line is

a. Unsymmetrical strip line

b. Parallel plate transmission line

c. both a and b

d. none of the above

100. The limitations of micro strip line

a. Higher radiation losses

b. Complicated analysis

c. Both a and b

d. None of the above

101. The value of coupling in micro strip is

a. Very small

b. Large

c. Very large

d. Small

102. Attenuation offered by the micro strip line compare to the wave guide structures is
 a. Higher

b. Smaller

c. Medium

d. Zero

103. MIC’s power handling capability about

a. 10 watts

b. 50 watts

c. 100 watts

d. several watts

104. Micro strip resonators have the Q values in the order of

a. 100

b. 1000

c. 10000

d. none of the above