Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Stella's project2
Stella's project2
JULY 2024
DECLARATION
STUDENT’S DECLARATION
I declare that this is my original work and has not been submitted to any other institution for
academic purposes
SIGNATURE: Date:
NAME:
ADMISSION NUMBER:
DEPARTMENT:
SUPERVISOR’S DECLARATION
This project has been submitted for examination purposes with my approval as the University
supervisor.
Signature: Date:
NAME:
LECTURER:
DEPATMENT:
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to my lecturers, family, and all those who supported me in my
research project. A special dedication to my parents who have been supporting me in my
further studies.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Firstly, I thank the almighty God for giving me the strength, skill, and knowledge required for
this research project and this far he has brought me. Secondly, I thank God for Zetech College
for the opportunity to pursue a certificate and to do this project while they assist me in
whichever way. I am grateful to my supervisor for his guidance and support throughout the
course of this project.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENT
DECLARATION......................................................................................................................2
ACKNOWLEDGMENT..........................................................................................................4
TABLE OF CONTENTS.........................................................................................................5
ABSTRACT..............................................................................................................................7
CHAPTER ONE.......................................................................................................................8
1.1 Background of the study....................................................................................................8
1.2 Statement of the problem..................................................................................................9
1.3 Purpose of the study...........................................................................................................9
1.4 Objectives of the Study......................................................................................................9
1.5 Research questions.............................................................................................................9
1.6 Significance of the study....................................................................................................9
CHAPTER TWO....................................................................................................................12
2.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................12
2.2 Theoretical framework....................................................................................................12
2.2.1 Scientific Management Theory............................................................................................12
2.2.2 Administrative Management Theory..................................................................................12
2.2.3 System Theory.......................................................................................................................13
2.3 Empirical review..............................................................................................................13
2.4 Research Gap....................................................................................................................14
2.5 Conceptual Framework...................................................................................................14
CHAPTER THREE...............................................................................................................15
3.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................15
3.2 Target population.............................................................................................................15
3.3 Research Design................................................................................................................15
3.4 Sampling technique and Sample size..............................................................................15
3.5 Data Collection Techniques.............................................................................................15
3.6 Data analysis and presentation.......................................................................................15
CHAPTER FOUR..................................................................................................................16
4.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................16
4.2 Response Rate...................................................................................................................16
4.3 Demographic characteristics of respondents.................................................................16
4.3.1 Gender distribution..............................................................................................................16
4.4 Analysis of variables...................................................................................................16
4.4.1 Team building........................................................................................................................16
4.4.2 Training.................................................................................................................................17
4.4.3 creativity and innovation......................................................................................................17
4.4.4 Delegation of authority.........................................................................................................17
4.5 Employee Job Performance............................................................................................18
4.5.1 Absenteeism...........................................................................................................................18
4.5.2 Quality work.........................................................................................................................18
4.5.3 Speed......................................................................................................................................18
CHAPTER FIVE....................................................................................................................20
SUMMARY CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION............................................20
5.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................20
5.2 Summary...........................................................................................................................20
5.3 Conclusion.........................................................................................................................21
5.4 Recommendation..............................................................................................................21
5.5.1 Recommendation for improvements...................................................................................21
APPENDIX.............................................................................................................................23
INTRODUCTION LETTER.................................................................................................23
APPENDIX 2: QUESTIONNAIRES....................................................................................24
SECTION A: INFORMATION............................................................................................24
SECTION B: EFFECTS OF HRM ON EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE FEEDBACK
..................................................................................................................................................24
EFFECT OF HRM GOALS..................................................................................................25
APPENDIX 3..........................................................................................................................27
Proposed Budget for the Research........................................................................................27
APPENDIX 4:.........................................................................................................................28
ABSTRACT
The main study was to determine the effects of Human resource management on employee
performance in Nairobi County with an aim of an objective to determine how the effect of the
Human Resource Management feedback contributes to employee performance. The study
was guided by the following questions: What is the role of Human Resource Management in
an organization? Effect of appraisal policy on employee’s performance? And in what ways
does HRM promote employee performance?
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
This chapter briefly describes the background of the study, the statement of the study, the
purpose of the study, the objectives of the study, the research question, the delimitation of the
study, and the limitations of the study.
3. Informing HRM Practices: The findings of this study can inform HRM practitioners
and policymakers in Nairobi County about the most effective HRM practices for
optimizing employee performance. By identifying specific HRM strategies that
correlate with improved performance, organizations can tailor their HRM approaches
to better meet the needs and expectations of their employees, ultimately leading to
higher levels of productivity and job satisfaction.
4. Addressing Talent Management Challenges: Nairobi County, as a hub of economic
activity and urban development, faces unique talent management challenges. This
study can shed light on how HRM practices can address these challenges by
attracting, retaining, and developing talent effectively. Such insights are crucial for
organizations seeking to build a skilled and motivated workforce in Nairobi County's
competitive employment market.
Sample Size and Representation: Due to constraints such as time and resources, the
study may have a limited sample size or may not be able to capture the diversity of
organizations and industries within Nairobi County. This could potentially impact the
generalizability of the findings to the broader population of employees in the county.
ii. Measurement Validity: The study's measures of HRM practices and employee
performance may lack comprehensive validity or reliability, leading to potential
measurement error or misrepresentation of the constructs under investigation. This
could undermine the robustness of the study's conclusions and interpretations.
iii. External Factors and Confounding Variables: There may be external factors or
confounding variables, such as economic conditions, industry trends, or individual
differences among employees, that are not adequately controlled for in the study.
Failure to account for these factors could obscure the true relationship between HRM
practices and employees' performance.
iv. Cross-Cultural Considerations: Nairobi County is culturally diverse, with employees
from various backgrounds and ethnicities. The study may not fully account for
cultural differences in perceptions of HRM practices and performance outcomes,
potentially limiting the generalizability of the findings across different cultural
contexts.
v. Temporal Dynamics: HRM practices and employees' performance may vary over time
due to changes in organizational priorities, leadership turnover, or external market
conditions. The study's static snapshot of HRM practices and performance outcomes
may not capture these temporal dynamics, limiting the longitudinal validity of the
findings
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
This chapter briefly describes a review of existing literature on the effect of HRM on
employee performance. The review aims to give an accurate understanding of the relationship
between the employee's performance within Nairobi County and the HRM practices. It is
featured in several ways: conceptual work, theoretical framework, research work, and
empirical review.
Scientific Analysis
The managers should analyse, collect, and use the data to get information and develop
the rules that enhance efficiency in the organization.
Adequate techniques
The managers are responsible for ensuring that workers apply the techniques
developed to maintain accurate productivity in an organization.
Equity in work distribution - This ensures that there is an adequate fair distribution of
work between managers and workers according to time and leave
Unity of command
This whereby it promotes specialization by ensuring that the employees report to one
supervisor
Departmentalization
This is where groups of similar activities are into independent units for efficient
administrative
Exceptional principles
These routine matters are given by the subordinates while exceptional issues are
raised to the senior management.
Scalar principle
This advocates for a control of administrative function with a clear history of the
organization
5. Employee relation
Guest (2002) found that positive employee relations, characterized by good
communication and conflict resolution encourage performance in an organization.
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
This chapter describes the methodological approach that guides the study. The methodology
acts as the blueprint of the research (Cooper & Schindler, 2017), data collection, analysis, and
estimation. The methodological approach illustrates how data was gathered, processed, and
analysed.
4.1 Introduction
This chapter presents the analysis, findings, and interpretation of the data collected by the
study objective which was to investigate the effect of HRM practices on employee
performance in Nairobi County.
4.4.2 Training
The study examined the issue of training on employee performance. The findings are shown
in Table 4.2 which indicates that most employees agreed that training workshops have
improved their performance with a mean of 3.8 and a standard deviation of 1.29. Those who
got an educational opportunity like scholarships contributed well though to a low rate with a
mean of 3.4 and a standard deviation of 1.39. The overall training was seen as a factor in
promoting job performance with a mean of 3.6 and a standard deviation of 1.30.
Statement Number mean Standard
Workshop on job performance improved 120 3.8 1.29
performance
Educational opportunities improved performance 120 3.4 1.39
Aggregate 120 3.6 1.30
Source: Research (2023)
4.5.1 Absenteeism
Most respondents agreed that employees consistently reported to work duties with a mean
of 4.0 and a standard deviation of 1.61. Reports have been reported that some noted
instances of absenteeism with a mean of 3.2 and a standard deviation of 1.48. the overall
indicated that absenteeism is a factor that affects performance with a mean of 3.8 and a
standard deviation of 1.5.
Statement Number mean Standard deviation
Most employees report working 120 4.0 1.61
regularly
Some of the employees are frequently 120 3.2 1.48
absent
4.5.3 Speed
Most respondents agreed that employees finished their tasks before the deadline with a mean
of 4.3 and a standard deviation of 0.94. Some indicated that the employees did not meet
deadlines with a mean score of 3.7 and a standard deviation of 1.28. Overall, speed is an
important determinant of performance that shows the mean was 3.9, and the standard
deviation of 1.16
Gender Respondents Non- Mean Speed Standard
respondents Deviation
Male 60 15 4.0 1.03
Female 60 15 4.0 1.03
Source research (2023)
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Introduction
In this chapter, the research presents a summary, conclusion, and recommendation. The
summary provides the main components which are the methodology, the objectives, and the
findings. The findings are obtained from the research question and the recommendations for
improvement based on the findings of the study.
5.2 Summary
The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of Human Resource management on
employee performance. The study was guided by the following research question: What ways
does HRM promote employee performance? What are the roles of HRM in an organization?
The research was aimed at collecting information from the respondents on how the
employees are assessed during training, the quality of work, misconduct in the organization,
and how the HRM promotes the employee’s performance. Further, the correlational approach
was adopted as the study was seeking to describe the relationship between the independent
variables which is the employee’s performance in an organization, and the independent
variables: training and development, recruitment and selection, performance appraisal, and
the employee’s relation. The target population is Nairobi County’s employees
The findings determine the factors that demonstrate the effect of HRM on employees
‘performance: training, quality work, creativity and innovating, gender distribution, and team
building
The first research was to understand the relationship between the employees within Nairobi
County and the HRM practices and how it affects employees’ performance. The researcher
found out there is a lack of training for the employees in Nairobi County. Training and
development are one of the most efficient factors that each employee has to undergo in an
organization. It helps the employee to add more skills and knowledge and to learn new
things. It was noted that the organizations had a good span of control where the supervisors
made it easier to supervise the employees and the employees could share things with their
supervisors.
The second research question was what is the role of HRM in an organisation? HR has many
different and interrelated functions. According to Gary Dessler, HRM is the process of
acquiring, training, appraising, and compensating employees and attending to their labor
relations, health, safety, and fairness concerns. the HR department has a wider role in an
organization:
1. Recruitment- This is the main role of HR to ensure the organization has the right people at
the right time and the right job. It means that the HR staff ought to have a firm understanding
of various roles in the organization and the qualifications that the employee needs to fill to
get the person who is best suited for the job.
2. Health and safety
-The HR team is responsible for ensuring that employees' safety training is safe and the
workplace safety records are maintained. In ensuring that the workplace is safe, the
organization must necessarily take action.
3. Training and development
- A key aspect of the HR department is to facilitate training to acquire adequate training and
to encourage employee development to play a significant role in staff retention in the
organization.
4. Employee relations
- The HR department helps as a liaison between the organization and employees to make sure
that the employees are kept in the place of relevant information, and they are represented in
the HR team in decision making.
The third research question was about the effect of appraisal on employee performance. It
identifies performance problems to improve employee productivity and motivation. Appraisal
helps bring about progressive feedback to improve employee productivity. It has been not by
Researchers that the performance appraisal has many advantages but sometimes it promotes
low productivity in the organization and can act as a demotivator and affects the employee’s
morale. The benefits of performance appraisal:
Creates career growth
Increases the employee performance
It helps in determining training
It evaluates the goal of an organization
It strengthens team building.
It improves performance
5.3 Conclusion
HR planning is a vital process that enables organizations to align their workforce with the
strategy objectives, adapt to change, adequate resource utilization, and employee retention. It
faces numerous challenges that require strategic solutions in the organization. The employee
management system allows for better management of resources. The study found a significant
positive correlation between employee performance and human resource development
practices.
5.4 Recommendation
5.5.1 Recommendation for improvements.
Employee performance can be increased by development policies, training and
development, performance appraisal, rewards policy, and recruitment and selection. This
study has enhanced the existing knowledge by ensuring that HR policies affect the
performance of employees. HRM can create a culture of trust and communication with the
employees to make performance better in the organization.
REFERENCES
Michael Armstrong (1987) defines HR as the strategic approach of acquiring, developing,
managing, motivating, and gaining the commitment of the organization’s key sources.
Bell & Martin (2010) developed this theory in the 1880s by Fredrick Taylor to focus on
improving labor productivity through scientific methods.
Waldo (2006), advocates for clarity in the administrative structures, division of labor, and the
delegation of employee designations.
Midgely (2006), effective organizational performance requires an efficient system that
facilitates collaboration among employees
Midgely (2006), this theory supports performance by promoting an inclusive system where
employees work together effectively.
Jehanzeb and Bashir (2013), demonstrated that training and development enhance
employee performance
Ekwoaba Ikejie and Ufoma (2015), found that effective recruitment and selection practices
positively influence employee performance which leads to higher productivity
Guest (2002), found that positive employee relations are characterized by good
communication and conflict resolution.
Cooper & Schindler (2017), the methodology acts as the blueprint of the research: data
collection analysis and estimation.
Mugenda (2003), a sample size between 10-30% is sufficient and representative of the entire
population.
Gary Dessler, HRM is the process of acquiring, training, appraising, and compensating
employees and attending to their relations, health, safety, and fairness concerns
Waldo (2006), the principle encourages performance by ensuring a clear administration,
enabling supervision, and promoting specialization.
(Bell & Martin, 2012) theory encourages the improvement of organizational performance
through scientific engineering and mathematical analysis to enhance task efficiency and
production
(Schuler and Jackson, 1987) assumed the purpose of various HRM practices is to obtain and
organize employee attitudes and behavior.
APPENDIX
INTRODUCTION LETTER
STELLA MARRIS MUINDE,
NAIROBI.
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am a student at Zetech College pursuing a Certificate in Human Resource Management. I
am researching the effect of human resource management on employee performance.
Please note that the information stated will be treated with confidentiality and there will be
no instance that the information will be used for any other purposes other than for this
project.
Yours faithfully,
Stella Marris Muinde
APPENDIX 2: QUESTIONNAIRES
SECTION A: INFORMATION
Answer appropriately using ( / ) or ( x )
1. What is your gender?
( ) Male ( ) Female
2. What is your age range?
( )18-25 ( ) 26 - 34
( )44 - 52 ( )53 and above
8. Indicate your opinion on the following on the effect of HRM on employee performance
feedback at Nairobi County.
10. Indicate your opinion on the following statement on the effect of HRM goals at Nairobi
County.
Stationaries 10,000
Transportation 1500
Internet 1000
TOTAL 46500
APPENDIX 4:
Work plan Duration