11/6/2022

LAB ACTIVITY

Animal-like
Protists
Aim/s of the Lab Activity:
(a) To determine the different species of Animal-
like Protists
(b) To learn the morphology and life-cycle of each
species of Animal-like Protists

INTRODUCTION
Protista is the most diverse of all the kingdoms

Animal-like protists consume other organisms

(heterotrophs).

In the old classification system, they were classified

by how they move
= Pseudopodia (e.g. Amoeba)
= Cilia (e.g. Paramecium)
= Flagella (e.g. Trypanosoma)

1
 11/6/2022

PARADE OF PROTISTS

Fill up the table by identifying the taxonomic rank of each genera. Also, give
an example of its species and common name

LIFE CYCLE / HOST /

REPRODUCTION

Determine the general life cycle and the host/s of the different genera of
Animal-like protist. Please check the Laboratory Exercise

2
 11/6/2022

Phylum Amoebozoa
Amoebozoa (amoebas) can live in either marine and
fresh water or in soil.

Amoebozoa are characterized by the presence of

pseudopodia, which are extensions that can be
either tube-like or flat lobes and are used for
locomotion and feeding.

Represented genera and their species:

Entamoeba, Acanthamoeba, Naegleria

Phylum Amoebozoa
Entamoeba histolytica

Ectoplasm

Endoplasm

3
 11/6/2022

Phylum Amoebozoa

Phylum Granuloreticulosa
They have slender, granular pseudopods used to
capture food than for movement. They have a shell
(test) made of calcium carbonate or of sand grains
cemented by mucus.

The pseudopods poke out through holes in the test

where they may touch and form a netlike structure
to capture food.

They contain numerous nuclei and are mostly

marine.

Representative genus is Foraminifera

4
 11/6/2022

Phylum Granuloreticulosa
Foraminifera spp.

5
 11/6/2022

Phylum Ciliata
They have rows of cilia either all over the body or in
specialized areas of the cell surface.

The cell covering, the pellicle, consists of two layers

of membrane sandwiching a layer of vesicles
between them.

The outermost layer of cytoplasm, the cortex,

contains a network of protein fibers connecting the
basal bodies of the cilia.

Phylum Ciliata
A unique feature of all ciliates is the presence of two
nuclei.

The macronucleus controls the cells growth and

contains hundreds of copies of DNA.

The micronucleus is a small diploid nucleus used

during the process of conjugation when genetic
material between paramecia is swapped.

Represented genera and their species:

Paramecium, Didinium, Balantidium

6
 11/6/2022

Phylum Ciliata
Paramecium sp

Phylum Ciliata

7
 11/6/2022

Phylum Ciliata

Phylum Ciliata
Didinium sp

8
 11/6/2022

Phylum Ciliata
Balantidium coli

Phylum Ciliata

9
 11/6/2022

Phylum Diplomonadida
They are unicellular eukaryotes that have flagella,
most of which are parasitic

Diplomonads have two haploid nuclei (each with

four associated flagella, arranged symmetrically
about the body's main axis) that give the cells a
face-like appearance.

Represented genus is Giardia

Phylum Diplomonadida
Giardia lambia

10
 11/6/2022

Phylum Diplomonadida

Phylum Parabasilida
They are large multiflagellated unicells with at least
two flagella that have different orientations and
structures.

They seem to be united by the synapomorphy of a

large modified golgi called a parabasal body, a
structure that gives the group its name.

Represented genus is Trichomonas

11
 11/6/2022

Phylum Parabasilida
Trichomonas vaginalis

Phylum Parabasilida

12
 11/6/2022

Phylum Kinetoplastida
They are large multiflagellated unicells with at least
two flagella that have different orientations and
structures.

They seem to be united by the synapomorphy of a

large modified golgi called a parabasal body, a
structure that gives the group its name.

Represented genera are Leishmania, Trypanosoma

Phylum Kinetoplastida
Leishmania spp.

13
 11/6/2022

Phylum Kinetoplastida

Phylum Kinetoplastida
Trypanosoma spp.

14
 11/6/2022

Phylum Kinetoplastida

Phylum Kinetoplastida

15
 11/6/2022

Phylum Apicomplexa
All apicomplexans are parasites. In typical parasite
fashion, most have complicated life cycles, often
with two different hosts.

The phylum name is named for the "apical complex"

found on the end of the motile stage used to enter
the host.

Represented genera are Plasmodium, Toxoplasma,

Eimeria, Sarcocystis, Cystoisospora, Babesia,
Cytauxzoon, Hepatozoon, Cryptosporidium and
Theileria

Phylum Apicomplexa
Plasmodium spp.

16
 11/6/2022

Phylum Apicomplexa

Phylum Apicomplexa

17
 11/6/2022

Phylum Apicomplexa

18
 11/6/2022

LABORATORY EXERCISE

Plasmodium falciparum

Ring Stage
(Immature Blood (Red Blood Cell)
trophozoite)
Trophozoite

Using the photo specimens in our folder, label the parts accordingly of all
specimens.

For each photo, indicate the genera or species of the specimen, the source
(stool, blood, kind of tissue, water environment, soil environment etc.) and
the developmental stage.

You may add more columns if needed

LABORATORY EXERCISE
Research on the life cycle of each
protozoan specimen

What is the disease it causes?

What is/are the organs it infects?

What is/are the different hosts

19
 11/6/2022

THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

20