Hapa4y c nepnofi $opuofi ropsAKoBbrx rrHcJrr,rreJrbHux ynorpe6Jlserct Apylat UIAIOJI

-
Qopr,ra,-racnoJrb3yloqas up""nno Cei Cea, ilpeAJlor
de, npurtxarearHltft aprnKnb al
- a r,r oKoH.rasue ]ea - a.
Verbul
f',rarollHoe 6orarcreo pyMbrHcKoro {3bIKa cKnaAblBaercfl r43 co6ctnennux u
Myxcxofi po4 )Kencxufi po4 1r rpynnr'r,
aAanTr{poBaI-IHbIx uHOcTpa}{HbIX r"IIaIOJIOB, yCJIOBHo A€JI}IMbIX Ha
Rz'opaa (trtptra uHoroo6pasr4s BpeMeHHnrx Qopu, o6pa:onanue Koropblx npI,IHIII4rIlIaJIbHo or./Ii'lqaercs

L-as. cea clintii oT pyCcKI,Ix BpeMeHHbIx $opn, Ho IIoXoXe Ha [paBI4.rIa ApyIlIx enpOneiiCXr'rx sSbIKoB'
1-'fi ccl dintii l,raro;r Bbrpaxaer Aeiicrslre [peAMera. llpeaue'roru lB.Ilflercfl HeKoropoe ,III{uo B
2-oit cel de-al doilea 2-a.s. cea de-a dou a
eAr4HcrBeHHoM r.r.rrr4 MuolKecrBeHlroM arlrcJle. Bntpaxax Aeficrnue SToro nuua' rJIaroJI
3-wir cel c1e-al treilca 3-s cea de-a treia
nprrHr{MaeT COOTBeTcTByIoIJIee JIzaIHoe OKOIIqaHue (raX B pyCcKOM ,I:brXe):

id-urt ..1 a"-ut zecelea 10-as cea de-a zecea eu

1- 2- tu 3- el,ea 1- noi 2- voi 3- ei,ele
11-r,rfi ccl de-al unsprezecelea 11-a$ Cea de-a unsprezecea g L{Ay Tbr rrAeIIIb ol{-oHa I4AeT IUbI nAeM BbI }IAeTe oHI{ I{AyT
eu merg - tu mergi el merge noi mergem voi mergeli ei merg -
21-lurit, cel de-al douizeci gi unulea 21-ag, cea de-a doudzeci qi una
B pyrr.rr,tucroM s3blKe MIIolKecrBo BpeMeHHbIX Sopru: Hacro'sulero, 6yAyufero n
nporueAruero BpeMeHlr. Kaxaoii $opue coorBercrBylol /tocraroqHo llpocrble npaBI{JIa
100-nrfi cel de-al sutSlea 100-as cea de-a suta
o6pasonaHufl r,r r{erKr4e rrpatsrina ynorpe6,reHus. B pyccxoM s3blxe BpeMeI{ HeMHoro,
101-mfi cel de-al o sute unulea 101-as cea de-a o sute una npn oToM HIOaIlcbI neftCrwtfi Bo BpeMeHI{ nepeAaloTcs C,tIoXHee - uonOO6paaOBaHHbIMLI c
B nape c cyqecTBHTeJIbHbrM rropsAKoBoe r{ncrurerbHoe cTaBlltrcfl nepel cyuecrBl'I- rroMorlrbro [pr{craBoK ra cy$rflrxcon rJraroiloB, I4x coBepueHHbIM Il HecoBeplueHHblM
TeJrbHbIM o caoeapuofi Soprue l;'JIz4 nocrTe CyIUecTBuTeJIbHOfo B
ollpeAeJleHuofi QOpue: IlIl/IOi\r I{ BCIIO}"{OIaT€JII{bIMI,tr C.ttOBaIIU - O6CrO.AreIbCTBalltI{ BpeIvfeHH.

ffepe4 C": A treia greSeald - TPern.a orun6xa

Ifocne Co: GreSeala a treia - Onn6xa rPerb.*
I{3bfl BTITE JIbHOE HAKJI OHEHI,IE
III4cIe I43MeHf,IoTC' IIo IIaAeXaM:
llopa4xonue tII,IcIuTeIbHbIe B eAI{HcTBeHHoM f aaro,ru Br{3:bflBtrreirbHoM rraKJroHeI{14lI BbIpax(alor Aeiicrritts peaJIbHbIe '
[Iazezc: Myx<crcoii po4: )I{eucxutZ Po4" lpoucxoAr4Brrrr4e Bo BpeMeHlr rrporxeilrleM, IracroflIueM vJlrr rura[t4pyeMble n 6y4yrrteu.

tr'In.: cel de-al treilea cea de-a treia

Bun.: {peJ cel de-al treilea [peJ cea de-a treia HACTOSIIIEE BPEMS
Poz.: {at} celui dc-al treilea {al} celei de-a treia ' Prezent
,Uar.: celui de-al treilea celei de-a treia
Bra6lHqe{aI}oznauaeT,rIToBcooTBeTcTBLI]/rc[paBI4,'IaM[I{c[oJIb3oBaII}49 (c Bce r"naro,rbi B pyMbrHCKoM .rr3brne Mo)KIro ycJIoBlIo pa3Ae.rII{Tb na 4 rtlna,
arrcrl4rerbHoro Ha3brBaeuble TL{IIaMI{ clpq)KeHu.s. Tuult pa3Jlllqalorct HeorlpeAe,reguofi $opuoil
poAHreJrbHoro rraAex(a [epeA KoncrpyKuIaefi nopxAKoBoro
cyUIecTBI{TeJIbHbIM tttu 6ei Irero) uoxer IIoflBI4Tbc'a nplrT'axare'rnuufi
apTI'IKJrb' (nueunurr.rnorr) u cxeMaMr.r cflpsxeHu.s (nrqlrbrr,{n oKoHaIaItI{qNrr'r). lIirQnHurIrB
corJlacoBaHHrtfi c onpeger-fleMblM cyluecrBl4renbHblM' 3arru,rcblBaercq c'lacrl'{lteii a.'
BO ltrOxecrBeHHOM rIuCJIe apTuK tn Cel npI'IHI4MaeT QOprur'r }IHOXeCTBeHHOIO
I rlrn II run III rnu IV rrEn
rlucra (cei, cele, ce]oil. a lucra a vrea a face a fugi
-Ilopa4roaoe ql{cJll4re,tbl{ oe pfimLl nueer 4 $oprnlbr I4MeHI4reIbHo-BI4Hl{reJIbHo- 6erarr
pa6orarn XOTCTb IeJIaTb
ro u 4 Qopr'lrr poAlrreJIbHO-AareJIbHOrO naAe)Ka:
rraAell(a
B sanucn uH$uuurlrna BbrAerqror ocHoBy r"naro,rta I't oxoHqaHl'le. llpr'r clpsxeHl4n
M/e,q. M/un. }K,/et. )K,,/un. rJ,raror,ra oKoHrraH[e uuQltulrruna or6pacnrnaerc"fl, K ocranuefic.a ocHoBe Ao6as"'Igerc.fl
trLu/Bna: pflmuI p!'tnul pilm;t prime,le
irrrqHoe oKoHrraul4e rlo coorBercrnyroruefi cxeMe.
printului primilor primelor
Iar/Pon:
37
36
 I TI,IN CNPfliTCEHTTfl TIEPEAOBAHI{E COTJIACHbIX HA KOHIIE

LIHQuHrarun rJraroJroB I rnna c[psxerrnrl oKaHquBaercs. Ha -a, yAapcl]I{e fla/Iaer

B rpynne A ecrr, uraroJrbr c r{epe.IIoBaHI{eM corJlacHol{ Ha KoHUe ocHoBbI: rIpH
o6paeoraHnr{ uraroJra 2 nut\a eAr{HcrBeHHoro rrllcJ'Ia KoHeqHas corJlacHas MeHterc.fl: d
Ha oxonaraHue: a schinba (ttensrn), a lucra (pa6orart). flpn cnpxxteHl{I{ yAapeHlre
]fraz, t ua f, s Ha q, st Ha 9t, Sc Ha 9t. Bcrpeuarcrcs IJIaro"IIbI c qepeAoBaHI4eM 3ByKoB
[a.rlaeTalu2JII{qaX-HaIIocJIeAHuficlor,n3,rnUe-Ha1lpeAlloc,reAunficlor.
BIIyTpI{ocHoBbI,aTaK)KecTeMI{ApJII,IMqepeAoBaHueMoAI{oBpeMeHHo.
flarO.nm I runa cnpt{xe}Iut AeiItIT Ha AEe lpynnbl A u F, Koroplle I{MeIor
o.[I,IHaKoBbIe cxeMbr JrIlr{HbIX orcou.raHufi, Ho y fJIafoJIoB rpyflrlbl E nepe4 oKoHrraHI'IeM
noflBrflrorcq cyQQuxcn ez, eaz. C.noxHocrr cocrol4T B ToM, rrro pa3Jl[trl4Tb uIaroJIbI A
Id-zl tt-tl ls-tl lst-qtl lsc-qtl lc-cil
a uda a c5uta a l5sa a asista a risca a ridica
n E rpynn no uusunuurBy HeBo3MolcHO, [prrAerct 3arIoMHI{m. fpynny E cocrasrslot, prrcKoBaTb IIOAHI{MATb
IIOJIIIBATb I{CKATb OCTABJIJITb nprrcyTcTBoBaTb
B OCHOBHOM, rJIafoJIbI I{HOCTpaHHOro [poucxoN(AeHl4fl.

JInuo Cxerua 1.1.(A) Cxer'ra 1.2.(6) 1 ud caut ias asist rlsc ridic
,)
lJZi ca.uti laqi asigti riqti ridici
1eu - schimb N{eHtIo -eZ lucrez pa6oraro
3 ude caute lasd asistd riscH ridicS
2tu -i schimbi MeH.'erIb -ezi lucrezi pa6oraeurr
c5ut5m asistSm riscSm ridicSm
1 uddm 15s5m
3 el,ea -e schimbe Mer{ser -eaze, lucreaz5 pa6oraer L uda{i c6uta{i lSsa{i asista{i risca{i ridicafi
? ude caute lasI asistH risc6 ridicS
1 noi -5m schimb5m rreHseM -5m lucrim pa6oraeu
2 voi -ati schimba{i ues.aere -ati lucra{i pa6oraere qEPEAOBAHITE TJIACHbIX B OCITOBE
3 ei,ele -FL schimb5 r{eHnlor -eaze, htcreazilpa6orarcr Cpegu rJraroJroB I-A cupaxeHlrt MHorr{e r{Melor tlepeAoBal{lls l'JIacHbIX B ocHoBe.
Bcrpe.rarorcfl rJraroJrbr c ABofiHbrM r.r Aaxe rpofiHblM qepeAoBal{rleu. 9ro6lt npaBI'{JIbHo
BIcnpaxeHrrr4 ecrb rpynna H€[p?Brr,ribHbIX rJlaroJloa, xoropofi coorBercrBy€T ynorpe6lxrb raKue rJraroJrbr, rraAo roHKo qyBcrBoBarb s3bIK I'IJII{ 3aIroMHI'ITb I{x"
HecraHAaprHafl cxeMa cnpsxeHlr.s: aro r,raroJlbl, oKaHqI{BaIoIUI4ecs wa -tra,
-bla, -f]a,
a raK)r(e npoI,I3BOAHbre uIaroJIoB a da, a sta. le-aI Ie-ea] le-il Iu-o-uo] Io-oa] [5-e]
a ierta a pleca a ptezenta a juca a inota a semlna
[-tra] [-bla] [-flal IIpoulaTb yxoAIrTb npeAcTaBJIsTb rrrpaTb IIJIABATb noxoAllTb Ha
Cxer'ra 1.3 a intra a umbla a afla ada a sta a continua
BXOAIITb xoALITb y3HaBarb IABATb cTo"grb npoAoJIlKarb i iert plec prezint joc inot semen
2 ierfi pleci prezin{i joci ino{i semeni
1-u intrn umblu aflu dau stau continuu
3 iart6 pleac6 prezint5 joacS inoati seamSnd
z-l intri umbli afli dai stai continui
1 iert[m plecim prezent5m jucdm inotSm sem5nSm
3-a intrH umble afla d5 ste continuS
2 iertafi pleca{i prezenta{i juca{i inotafi sem5na{i
1 -em intrHm umbl5m aflSm dHm stSm continuHm 3 iartd pleacd prezintH ioacS inoatS seam5nH

z -afi intra{i umblafi afla{i dafi sta{i continua{i Ecrr rnarolbl c Heo6bIirHbIM
a mfnca: mdninc mininci
qepeAoBaHI{eM:
m5ninc5 minc5m minca{i mSnincS
s-0 intrH umble aflS dau stau continuS a USCa: USUC USUCi usuce uscem uscall usuca
39
38
 I,ICKJIOTIEHI4fl I CtIPfl]TCEHI,Ifl II TITII CIIPfl)KEH.VTfl,
Elre oIHy HeMHoror{r4c"Te}rHyro rpyn[y c HecraHAaprHbrM c[ps)rce]Ir4eM cocraBJ'Islor tr4uSuuuri.rn r"rraro"rroB II runa cnprlr{en}r.rr oxaHqr4Baercs, Ha -ea, yAapeHr{e naAaer
rJraroJrbr c KoHuoM ocHoBbr na -j- v, or(oHrraHrreM -a. Taxue r,rlaroJlbl ecrb Ir n rpynne A, Ha oKolrqaul{e: a putea (rrovn), a vedea (nu4ern). 3ra rpynna rJraroJroB
n n rpyune E. HeMHoroinrcJreHHas, Ho r{acro rrcnonb3yeMar. llpn cnptx(eHr{r.r yAapenr4e naAaer n 1 u
f,raro.nrr rpynrrbl A cnpxranrcr no cxeMe 1.3.(A), npur{eM, ecJirl B ocHoBe rJ'IaroJ'Ia 2 .uuuax - Ha rrocr'reAHufi c,'ror, n 3 ,rnue - Ha rrpeAlocleAHrafi c"ror.
nepe4 -r crorrr rJracHa.fl - To B I u2 Jrr4ue eA. qr,rcJra oroHrraHue cxeMbr -r He ro6an,rflercs.
?IcxnroqeHraq
Corracna-s * ia fracuas * ia a vedea a pl5cea a putea a gedea a bea a vrea
Cxerura 1.4.A a speria a intirzia a incheia a thia a incuia Cxer'ra 2.1 BIIAETb HpaBr{Tbc.f, MOr{b cnaerb NI,ITb xoTeTb
nyrarb Ona3ALIBaTb 3ACTEI'IIBATb pe3arb 3anr.rpaTb ld zl le-al Iu-o-oa]

I -l sperii intirzii inchei tai incui 1 v5d plac pot $ed beau VreaU
2 -i sperii intirzii inchei tai incui z -i YCZi placi po1!i $ezi bei vrei
J -e sperie intirzie incheie taie incuie 3 -e vede place poate bea vrea
$ede
I -em speriem intirziem incheiem tSiem incuiem
1 -em vedem plScem putem gedem bem vfem
2 -ati speriafi intirzia{i incheia{i teiati incuie{i 1 -eti vedefi plScefi putefi gedefi be{i vre{i
3 -e sperie intirzie incheie taie incuie
3 v5d plac pot $ed beau vor
f,raro,ror rDVrIrIbI F cuDsrap'rc{ ro cxeMe 1.4.(6)
flo pldcea crrpflrarorcs rJraro/rbr a tdcea - Mo,'rtrarb, a pdrea
nprauepy rJraroJ'ra a
Cxeua 1.4.8 a studia a copra a expedia a inapoia
KOnfipOBaTb IIOCbI,'IATb BO38parUaTb
- Ka3arbcs, a fncdpea - BMeularbcr , a cddea - naAarb, rr rrx [porr3BoAHbre.
YtII,ITb
Itoucrpyxur.r a {a putea} * nnfumntrttn Bbrpaxaer Bo3MoxHocrb coBeptueHus reM
I -ez studiez copiez expediez lnapolez JrrruoM, B KoropoM ;rno:rpe6aeH rJ'IaroJI a putea:
Eu pot da - "s Mory zarb Noi putem da - unr MuKeM ,qarb
z -ezi studiezi copiezi expediezi inapoiezi Tu poli da - ru Moilcernb ,4arb Voi puteli da - nu Munere ,4arb
u
3 -aza studiazd capraza expediaze inapoiazd El-ea poate da - oa-ona Lrolner rarr, Ei-eJe pot da - oHrr Moryr rarb
C;ronocoqeratwfl se poate (uoxuo), nu se poate (nennss) ynorpe6lamrca n

-em inapoiem BIrIpaXeHI,Ifl X TlIfIa :

I studiem copiem expediem
Se poate spune cd... - Motxno cKasarrt, vro...
L -avr
^#i studia{i copia{i expediafi 1napola91 Nu se poate spune cd... - He,ros.s cKasarb, rrro...
3 -aze studiaz5 copiaze expediaz5 inapoiazi C.nono poate (uoxer 6nrrr, aoz<er) 6es noclegyrolrero llHslrHuuara rrcnoJrbsy-
KAK BBO,IIIOC CJIOBO:

Kpor"re neperrr4cJreHHbrx, B ery rpyrry fJraroJroB tsxoAsr: a fotografia - Intrdnt, poate? - Mo2r{er, Bofireu?
SororpaQupoBarb, a invidia - 3aBrrAoBarr, a inchiria - r{aHxMarb r{Jr[ cAaBarb BHaeM,
a schia - xoAr4rb Ha ,'rbrxax, a premia - rpeMl4poBarb, a aprecia -oueHllBarb, a
sublinia - noAtrepKr4Barb, aintemeia - ocrroBbrBarb.
40
 I

li*
l

ilI T[I[ CIIPfl}I(EHI,Ifl TTEPEAOBAHT{E

COrurACHbrx HA KOHTIE
r4u$uruurun rJrarojroB III runa cfips)r(eHr{r
oKa'rrr4Baer cfl Ha _e, oKoHqaHr,re
6esyaapHoe: a -face (,4e'rarn), a drputd" (oru"nrroj.-6;';"pr*eHur{
coxpaH.rrerc.s Ha TOM x(e cJrore, xarcofi ynapeHr.re
J{BJr.flerc.s yAapHbrM n lruQunurrrBe _
orrurrr4Terbua.s oco6esrrocrr 3TO
III runa.
tt-tl Iqt-sc] ls-si l lc-cil
a permite a creqte a plinge
pa3pe[raTb
a face
pacTu N.IIAKATb ,4e"lIarb
t cred I permit pling
z crezi I permifi plingi
3 crede i permite plinge
1 credem I permitem
plingem
2 crede{i j permitefi plingefi
a cred I permit pling

fIEPEAOBAHI{E IJIACHbIX
B III cnpaxeHur.r rJraro.rrbr c oAr{}raxoBbrM KopHeM (paeuuun B OCHOBE
[prrcraBKaMu) o6pasynr
ue/rbre ceueficrna, cllpflnteHr.re Koropbrx JrerKo 3arroMr4Haerc.fl.
ceueficrno uraroJrra a duce' a aduce - [plrHocrrrb,
a reduce - yMeHbrrrarb, a
traduce - repeBoArrrs, a conduce - pyKonolry!rb,
a produce_ npor{3BoA}r rn, a intro_ llcxrilo.reHmfl:
duce - BBonr.rrb.
ceueficrro urarorra a rine" a obt'ine- Aocr''arb, a scoate a umple
a cont'ine -coAepxarb, a susrine BbIIIII}IATb
- noAAep)Kara, a aparline _ npu*a1Jrexarb. HATIOJIHffTb

ceneficrno rJraroJra a trece; a petrece - npoBoAr4rb

, intrece- o6ron"srr.
cer'reiicrno rJraro"[a a pune' a prcpune- rrpenrrararb, a cornpune _ co.'.r*srb,
expune - SKCnoHrrpoBarb. a umpli
Itporue celtel"tctn rJlaro"{ots c o.IIfiI{aKoBbrMr{ umple
KopHflMH, Mo}rc'o crpylrr,po'arb rJraro"rrbr
C O,.I,IHAKOBbIMI4 KOHUOBKAMI4T r{TO TAKXE
O6ICT.IACT 3ANOM],IHAHI,IE.
V
r.naronon III cnpaxeuu.rr Bcrperraerc.rr vepeAoBaHue
KoHealroii coraacn ofi unu umplem
3ByKa' oqeHb peAKo Bcrperlaercs rIepeAoBaHI{e
rJIacHbIX B ocl{oBe. /{pyrrax cnoxsocrefl
HCT. umplefi
umplu
V r.naro.rron c cor,,racHofi -n_ Ha KoHrIe ocHoBbr
npra o6pason auun 2 JIUI\a eA. qI,rcJ'Ia
3Ta coulacl{ar BbrrraAaer. v r,taro-noB
C CorJracuofr -I- u rlacHori -r
upu o6pasonaHllu 7 nu\a eA. qrrcJra na KOHUe ocHoBbr
AO6asnserc.x -rI rns 6narosey.{u.{.

42
43
 TTEPEAOBAHI{E COTJACHbIX HA KOTIUE
IV TITII CIIPffT(EH.VTfl'
-i,
y1apewve
z wa -i IlJ'Iu Ha V rraroros IV-A cflpfl)KeHlrs Heo6blrrHoe qepeAoBaHue KoHe'{Hofi couacHofi
IzlnQuHurran rJ'raroJ'roB IV r1na clps)KeHl,Is OKaHaII{BaeTc ns uH$uHllrl4Ba 3aMeHsercs Ha napHylo r Hefi n 1 r'r 3 nuue
(ronopurn)' llpu cnpxxeHl{I'I yAapeHlle Hnr{ SByKa: corJlacHaq
raAaer Ha o6oHrraH11e: a fugi (6eNaro), a vorbi e.II.qucJlaus3rlrue MH. r{I{CJ'Ia.
cror, n 3 -Ha [peA[ocJIeAHI4fi cJlor'
rraAaer s 7u2 Jrr,ruax -rrJ.roataaHufi "luue
Ha ABe rpyIIfIbI A u E,
llaronm lV runa cnprrxeHlls Aenflr Koropble I{MeIor oAi'IHa-

KoBbre cxeMbr "[r{qHbrx orcorruaHurt, Ho y r,'raro,'roB

rpylrrb] E nepe4 oKoHrraHI'IeM rlogB-
J,r.rrrorc.rr cyoQuKcbr esc, eft. c,roxHocrl
ollerb cocrollr B pa3nl{qeHlll4 lpyfln A u E'

Cxeua 4.1.4 Cxei'ra 4.2.8

mrros
1eu fug e*.y | -.*. I
VorbeSC roBoplo miroqi
2 ttt -i fugi -eqti
6"*'o,o i vorbeqti roBopl{Irlb miroase
mirosim
3 el,ea -e fuge 6exrrr I -e$te vorbe$te roBopl4r
mirosi{i
I -i*
1 noi -1m fugim 6errcurr Vorbim roBopI{M miros

2 voi -iti fugili.6"*"," I -ttt Vorb iti roBoplrre

IIEPEAOBAHI,IE UIACHbIX B OCHOBE
3 ei,ele fug 0".y, I tta_ Vorbesc roBopnr
Iraronn IV-A cnprNeHlrfl I'IMeIor qepeAoBaHllfl fJracHblx B ocHoBe. Bcrpeuarorcx
r{epeAoBaHueM' Taxux uIaroJIoB HeMHoro, nogroMy
rJraroJ'Ibl C ABOfiHbIM U AaX(e TpoiIHbIM

I{CKJIIOIIEHITff IV CTIPflNCEHI'IS oHr{ 6blcrpo 3aIroMI4HaIOTCff.

B IV cnPa)I(eHr{I'l ecrb raKxe rpyfiila HerIpaBI4nbHbIX rJIaro"IIOB' roropoii le-il Iu-o-uo]

cooTBeTcTByeT HecTaHAapTI{as cxelvla clpgxeHl'Ifl. a veni 2 111uri
nprrxoArlTb yMr4parb
a oferi a acoPeri a sui a gti
AapI{Tb IIaKPbIBaTI) [o.[HI'II{aTbc.q 3HaTb dorm cobor
acoper sui I qtiu dormi cobori
acoperi sui I qtii dclarme coboare
acoperS suie I qtie
dormim coborim
acoperim suim I qtim dormi{i cobori{i
acoperiti suiti | gti{i dorm coboar6
acopera suie I qtiu
IIo npuuepy rJraro,rra a sdri cnpnralorcfl rnaroJlbl a impdrt'i - AeJII4rb, a despdrt'i -
contribui - pura-n"tti, llciirpuuepy rnaroJra a coborf crlpflraerctr r,Ilarorl a omorf - y6unam' flo
IIonpr,rr''repyrJlaroJlaasuicnpflralorcflrJlaroJll;-afndoi-cru6arl'a - crpaAarb,
rJIaroJ'IbI a suferi -
[pr4Mepy t1aroJta a iini crrp.araloTcs ero npol{3BoAHble a deveni craHoBI'ITt'cs'
a
cnoco6crBoBart. flo npHMepy i,rraIOJ'Ia a acopeti cnpslaloTcs
- a reveni - Bo3Bpalllarbct'
interveni BMctlII4Barbcx,
a spri.iini - IIoAAepx[Barb' a descoperi - pacKpblBarl]'
45
44
 Perfectul compus:
Bosaparnue rJraroJlbr B ntpouerfiIeM BpeMenrr
BOSBPATHbIE TJIATOJIbI @opr*na Acuzativ
OoPrnra Dativ
; i Verbe'reflexive 7 Eu m-am ivit - s noggnrrcs' Eu mi-am amintit - .q BzIIoMEITJT'

rta ce6s cauoro' B 2 Tu te-ai ivit - nr fio''IBarlc's' Tu fi-ai amintit - rbl BcnoMHrrJl
Bosnparnocrb o3HaqaeT HaupaBJIeHHOCrr .4eficrnl4s npeAMera El Si-a amintit - oH BclroMwarl
pyccKoMg3bIKe.Bo3BpaTHbIefJIafoJIbIoKaH'aII4BaIoTc.'I'HaIlacTuuy:CfltKoTopafl3aMeHgeT
3 El s-a ivit - ou ilo.qBlrrrct'
amintit - MbI BcnoMHIIrIn'
*aarorr"O" e Ce6g: MbITbcfi : MbITb Ce6's. B pyMbIHcKOM
g3blxe nOsnpalnufi IJIaIoJI Noi ne-am
Noi ne-am i-vit - wnr nasaltrrrcb'
Voi v-ali amintit - BbI BcrroMHLIJrn'
conpoBorKAa€Tct Bo3BparHbIM MecrotIMeHI'IeM' 2 Voi v-afi ivit - Bil nozauauct' -
Ei Si-au amintit oan BcnoMr{nrru'
BosnpaqHnre Aeficrqr,rs 6nrnanr ,4Byx BLIAoB: HarpaBJIeHHbTe
Ha ce6.s (Bu:fl.n') u 3 Ei s-au ivit - ouu EosBltrncb'
ce6e (tri.n.), noerony Atts. r.rx BbIpa)KeHI,Is cJIyXar
coorBercrBeH'o Bo3BparHble prezent:
Acuzativ n Dativ' Boanparnne MecToIIMeHI'Is I{MeIor [9JIHyIO Bosaparnnte rJraroJlbr a Coniunctiv
uecrOr,ruerirta 4uy"
r,r KparKyp
""4of
flolHas Qopr'ra, Illlulercfl KaK CaMOCrOflTe4bHoe CJIOBO' FparKafl - (Dopub Dativ
soprutr. @opinra Acuzativ
coeAllHlerc* 4eQucoru c ApytI4MI'I cJIoBaMI'I'
cumPdl vlo6or rynuro ce6e
1 ...sd md odihnesc - qro6bl orroxnyrb "'sd.-m.icumperi - wobr xynurc ce6e
leu 2tu J eI,ea I noi 2 voi 3 ei,ele
2 "..s! te odilnesti - qP6bI orroxnyrb "'sd-$i
3 ', ,td it"ini"tte -'qro6bl o'zoiutr''o...sd
sdgi cumper: : uro6or xynnrn ce6e
U
ma te SC ne VA SC
ne cumpdrdm - qro6or xynnrn ce6e
Acuzativ,
(s) (y) (s) 1 ...id ne odihnim - qro6nr orroxflyrb
(m) 2,;.sdvdodihniti.qro6bloTAox^yrb...sdvdcumpdra|i.,ITo6ilrynvrnce6e
3 : qro6bl brTaxnyrn "'sd-si cumpere - vro6ot xynuro ce6e
...sd se odihneascd
Dativ: 1m1 iti 1$1 ne Va iqi
Ilepeno4xax6y.arogArIHaKoB'HocJleAyernoMHI{rb'qrooHorHocl4Tc'sKKoHKper-
( m1 ) (ti) (si) (v) ( $1
) HoMy-{I{qy,BpyMbIHcKoM.ffSbIKeIIepeAaBaeMoMygBHo'aBpyccKoM-ToJIlKoKoHTeKcToM
ocHoBHOro rIpeAJIO)I{eHufl'
Bo3BparHblx rJlaronoB BOSBpaTHOe MecroI',IMeHI'Ie
U fJIaroJI
IIp" crrpsxenllll Bosaparaorc rJraroJlbl B ycJroBHoM
HaKJroae"ilnfi
ynoipe6nrlorcs B orHoM I'I roM xce JrLIue: Gon d i t'i ott al u I Prezen t :
t

(Doprua Acuzativ (DopIua uatrv

(Doprua Acuzativ Ooprua Dativ
Eu ntd spdl - i Marocb. Eu imi amirttesc - s'BcnoMuIran' M-aiS aminti - -fl 6u BzIIuMHTIJT
M-aS face - fl 6nr cran
4
f

Tu te speli - rbl Maerllbc.s. Tu ft'i amintegti 'rbl BaaoMtrflaelllb' 1

2'
EI-ea iSi amlnteSte - ofi-oma BcnoMuuaer' 2 Te-ai face - Tu 6u cran fi-ai antinti Tu 6n1 BcnoMHnrr
3 El-ea se sPald - ov-o*a Moerc's'
3 S-ar face - Ou 6u cratr $i-ar aminti - On 6tt BCIroMHrrJr
Noi ne antintim - MbI BcIroMuIraeM' Ne-am aminti - Mu 6u BerIoMHrrJru
I Noi ne spdldm - MbI MoeMcs' I Ne-am face - Mu 6u cratru
Voi vd amintili - BbI BcnoMumaere' V-afi face - Bu 6u crarln V-afi aminti 'Bat 6rr BcIIoMHUJIE
2 Voi vd sPdlafi - BbI Moerecb' 2
3 Ei-ele se sPald -,PvrI Monrc's' Ei-ele iSi amintesc - ofin BcIIoMIrHaror' 3., S-ar face - Ouu 6u cranw $i-ar aminti - Onn 6u ncnoananu
Bosaparaue HlaroJrbr B orpullare'rIbHoli QopMe: Llcnonneoaanne:
6opr"ra Acuzativ
(DoPrua Dativ
3 nnue o6paayer 6eeluqHocrnue o6oporot:
Eu nu md sPdl - fl He Molocb' Eu nu-mi amintesc - -g He BcnoMrruaIo' se zice [cdJ.-.- roBoPflr' IqroJ
2 Tu nu te sPeli - rbl He MoeIIIbct' Tu nu-t'i aminteSti - rbl He BcITQMITITaeIEt'
3 EI nu se sPald- oH Ee Moerc's' EI nu-Si atninteSte - oH He BcIIoMTIIT?er' qro-ro r,ns ce6g'.
- MbI Ee BcnoMEHaeM'
,|
I Noi nu ne sPAIem - MbI He MaeMcfi' Noi nu ne amintim
Voi rtu vd amintit'i - BbI He BcrraMlrmaere'
2 Voi nu vd sPdlat'i - BbI .ne Moerecb'
Ei nu-Si amintesc - ouu He BclroMltlraror'
3 Ei nu se sPald - oHI{ He Monrcfl' 47

46
 EYAYIIIEE BPEMfl EYAYIIIEE BPEMfl
Viitorul I Viitorul II
Eyayuree BpeMs Viitorul I
Bbrpaxaer Aeficraue, Koropoe 6yAer coneprueHo B Eyayuree BpeMs Viitorul ,I/ nupaxaer Aeficreue, Koropoe 6yAer coneprreHo B

6yaytu"fi ornocr,rreJrbHo Hacrosr[efo MoMeHr BpeMeHr4. ono p6pasyercs ,rrpu noMorqlr 6y.ayurerui Ho Koropoe 3aKoHtlxrcfl paHbltle Apyroro'6yAylqero BpeMeHI,I. Ono o6paayercx
cileuuaJrbHofi Qopruu rJraro.[a a vfea npu dor'roulfi cueu]raJrbHofi sopurr rJIaroJIa a vrea

l- eu 2- tu 3" el,ea 1- noi 2- voi 3- ei,ele 1- eu 2- tu 3- el,ea 1- noi 2- voi 3- ei,ele

vor vet VA vom veti vor voi vei VA vom veti vor
raH$zHuruna rJraro,rra a fi u rpnqacrll"s Participiul lcltrrcaosoro rJIafoJIa
r4 HeonpeAe.nenHofi Soprurr (uu$nuuruna) cMnrcrosoro rJraroJra:
{a vrea} * nndnnnrtra {a vrea} +,'fi' + Participiul
Cro6xra {} o6osnaualor, rrro rJlaroJr, crosunrl BHyrpH Hrrx, corJracyercr c Jr}ruoM Cro6ru {} o6osHavanr, rrro rJIaroJI, cro.suufi BHyrpLr H?Ix, corJlacyercs C JIIIIIOM
rloAJlelKanrero. flepero4urcs Witorul 1na pyccrcrait qsHx rJraroJraMu n 6yayruer"r noAJrexauero. flepenciAnrca Viitoru] II na pyccrufi rsblK rJIaroJIaMIrB 6yayurerl
BpeMeHI,I. flpu orpnuaHnu qacrllua nu craBvrcfr nepeg ncefi ualolnHofi roucrpyrcuueft. BpeMeHu:

Vrnepxc4enue Orpnuanue I ' Eu voi fi fdcut - s c,qerraro.

Eu voi cinta - .q cnoro.
2 Tu vei cinta - rbr cnoernb.
3 El-ea va cinta - ot-o*a crroer.
1 Noi vom cinta - Mbr crroeM.
2 Voi vet'i cinta - Bbr cnoere.
Eu nu voi cinta - .E r{e croro.
Tu nu vei c?nta - rbr r{e cnoerrrb.
El-ea nu va cinta - ort-ona He cnoer.
Noi nu vom cinta - Mbr r{e cfioeM.
Voi nu veli cinta - Bbr rre cfioere.
2 Tu vei fi fdcut - rbr c,qe./raernb.
3 El-ea va fi fdcut - o*-oma c.rrerlaer.
1 Noi Vom$i fdcut - Mbr c,qenaeM.,
2 Voi l,efi rt fdcut - Bbr c,qenaere.
3 : Ei
tr!€f, oy fi fdcut - orilr c.qerl7nr. ,

3 Ei-ele vor cinta - owu cnoror. Ei-e]e nu vor cinta - zrrn He cnoro?. Dupd ce vor fi terminat lecliile ei vor merge la cinema.-
BosMoxHocrb coBeprilenws. Aeitcrsna n 6yayueM nepeAaercx r<oHcrpyrcuuefi: Onn notigyr B r*tao nocJre roro, KaK sanorr\Iar ypoKn.
{a urea} + putea * nafuunnrua
1 Eu voi putea cinta - .s cMory crrerb. PEAKI4E
:
OOPMiI
jli DYAYIIIEIO
, '
BPETVIEHI,I
irr
2 Tu vei p:utea cfnta - rbr ctvoz(erab crrcl:b.
3 E]-ea va putea cinta - ofi-o*a cMo)Ker crrerb. JInreparypHafl f,ne paaroBopHbre' SopMrr'
1 Noi vom putea cfnta - Mbr cMo)KeM crrerb. 'O'+Conj. Prezent {vrea}+ Inf
2 Voi veli putea cfnta - Bbr cMolrdere cnerb.
{avea}+Conj. Prezent
3 Ei-ele vor putea cinta - ourr cMoryr cnerb. o si inv5f oi lucra
Er. 1
. ?m sA invS{. ' x nopa6oralo
.(-rra rnpaxeuua 6yayrrero BpeMeHlr Mo)r(Ho yuorpe6"narb rJraroJr B HacrosureM g Bblyt{y
BpeMeHI,I, ecJlrr B npeAJlo)fteHlrli ecTb o6crogre.nrcTBo BpeMeHr,r (xax t'. . s Bblyqy
ra B pyccKoM senrxe):
h t,,?1,su-tlt"r1 o si inve(i ii lucra
Noi mergem miine la teatru - Mnr u4eu aaBrpa B rearp. o si inve{e a'lucra
3t sa rnvele
Koncrpyxurrr4 co Bc[oMorareJlbnbrMr4 rJraroJraMr.r orreHb pacfipocrpaHeHbr B J,,3le
esponeftcxlrx t3blxax. B pyccror.,r tgblxe ecrb eAr,rrrcrseHHrrfi anaJror - 6y4yuee BpeM.rr, M".{ e!,9ry'6* s5 inv5fim o si invStim om lucra
BblpaxaeMoe rJraroJloM 6urn n 6yayueu BpeMeHr,r r.r HeonpeAeJreuuofi @opuofi rJraroJra,
HaupI,IMep' x 6yzy rrerb, Tbr 6yaeun rrer.b, oH 6yzer nerb, Mbr 6yzetr rrer.b, Bbr 6yzere
Yi trwfi s[ invf,fafi o s5 invifafi ifi lucra
rrerb, ourr 6yayr nern.
g' au s[ inve{e o si invefe or lucra

48 49
 NPPIIIACTIIE IPOIIIEAIUEE BPEMfl
Participiul Perfectul comPus
flpoureAuree BperIfl Perfectu] compus Bblpaxaer aeficr11e' npoHcxoArlBilIee u
.Ilpuvacrne Participiul o6paayerca or rJrarorroB I,I yqacrByer B KoHcrpyKul4sx 3axoHqerirroe B nponreAlrrufi orHocurelbHo
MoMeHr
"pT1i1.,-o..-11o6pasyercn
Tlcrotuero
UIaIoJra a avea lI npuqacTl',It Participiul
BpeMeH Perfectul compus, Perfectul Simplu, Mai mult ca Perfectul n 4p. O6waa [p]r noMoil$r BCloMOraTeJrbHOrO
cxeMa O6paSOrauufl [pl{r{acTl,Ifl oT IJIaIoJIoB pa3HbIX TLIIIoB cnpt}KeHll.s TaKoBa: + PafticiPiul
{a avea}
I rzn II run IV rnn Crto6xra{}osHavanr,rITorIafoJ,I,crogulrtl-tBHltx,coIJlacyeTc'cJlHuoI\rnoAflexaluero.
l4Meer 3Aecb crletll{aJlb}loe cnpt)Kerlne:
[a+t] [ea - ut] [i,i + t] Ilarol a a'vea

aduna - adunat putea - putut citi - citit

lucra - lucrat vedea - vdzut vorbi - vorbit
intra - intrat pl6cea - plicut cobori - coborit l n p u s pyccKrlMr4,l'uto"
nup."oartt c,s
-":""pTil:::-::-T .:
Pe r fec t u co

studia - studiat vrea - vrut oferi - oferit 1I]

[pouIeAIIJeMrymelng.'.ItrpMoTpEuaHl[ll.tIacTI,Iuanuc.raBaTcgr,rcpeABcIIoMoraTeJIbHbIM
-u:
Ans rnaroros III TI,IIA c;;lpfiKeHl{s oKoHYaHus npuqacrus. -Ltt vJru -S . rJrafoJroM, coelu'lln6Tct c rlmrl ne$ncou, Tepts fJlacHyra

lde - sl YraeP'x)teilfub 't' OrPn4aane

[ce - s] lge - sl t ile cIlerr'
1 Eu aih'cfu$tat ' a :6fibn.' ' Eu n-am cfntat -
duce - dus alege - ales prinde - prins 2 Tu ai afntat' - rnrclvbn.'''r
' Tu n-ai'afntat - rnr He cnerl'
E] a ctntat'ofi'Cneh,. ' '' i
i .
ride - El n-a aill,tat oH.He CneJI.
zice - zis merge' mers ris 3
intoarce - intors ajunge - ajuns inchide - inchis 1 ant cfuttat - vtr'inenti'"
'i;"tfi
Noi " Noi'n-int cintat - MbI He crreJrlr'
t ii;i| -';i, ilidttt: ' " ' ,"
voi n'afi cintlt ' ant He cner,u'
i-ay cinkt
Ipune-pus] [{ine-{inut] Iqte-scut] 3 Ei-ele au cfntat*l';*-iiaru, Ei-.ele -, oHIr He

or pyccKoro' flac paAylol,ry-p^til"Y'

B pyMbIl{cKoIrI e3bIK€,-'B orfi'tlrlfle
pune - pus fine -
{inut naqte - nlscut "- -3gecr ilpuuxcr';fr oArrgaKoBbr AJul wxcKofo; )KelIcKoIo lI cpeAHero
poAa' AJIS
-
expune expus ob{ine - obfinut cunoagte -cunoscut br.ofigarrns
'aO"ni-UftOn*IO rlarO;t
tl3il{eHfie.1Cg1OIlrO BCIIoMOTaTeJ'Ilurrii
1I MHOx{eCT""rrnOrO'"UOJIS,
propune - propus contine -con{inut cregte - crescut B qilofiddueTrfiI4 c JII'IuoM l]peAMera, o KpropoM
IloBecrByercs'

' Bg.EUpxHocrb
coBept"nt" aeftpTans I npoqr4oM nepe'qaerct xoHcrpyxuuefi:
Izlcftnn,reau"s:
{a avea} + Outul,,! nxQnnnrn7
aqterne - agternut fierbe - fiert scoaf,e - scos
bate - bitut fringe - frint scrie - scris ',,lllli'
in$i:t Eu ant Putut cinta - .s cMor clrel:b'
Tu ai Putut cfutta - rbr cMor crrerb'
bea - biut permite - permis 9ti - gtiut
ri"Sir El a putut cinta - oH crtor cilerb"
cere - cerut pierde - pierdut trece - trecut
coace - copt teme - temut ' . Noi ant putut cint7 - IVri cMorrrrl clrerb'
,, Voi ali putut cinta - BbI chrorJuil ctrerb'
coase cusut fi - fost rimine - rimas '
;'
"Et+le au putut cfnta ' oau cMornu crrerb'

crede - crezut rupe - rupt ,,t

51
50
 IPOIIIEAIIIEE BPEMS Hercoropue rrraroJrbr o6pasyrcr lmperfectul He rro o6urer'ry npaBr4Jry, a rJraroJr
a sta - AByMs cnoco6anu:
Imperfectul
ada a s[a a voi afi
Ilpoureguee BpeMf, Imperfectu.lnlrpaxaer Aeficrnne fipo]rcxoAr.rBrxee B [poile4ruufi AABAJI CTOgJI XOTCJI 6lra
MoMeHT BpeMeHI{, Ho He o6ssareJlbHo 3aKoHrreHHoe KHacrosrueMy. 3ro BpeMq o6paeyerca
Ao6anaeHueM K ocuoBe uHQranuruna rJraroJra cfieu[a,'rbHoro oKoHqaHna {Imp}, 1 dSdeam st5team (stam) voiam eram
coBlaAarouero no Br.rAy co Bc[oMorareJrbHbrM rJraro :nov n Perf.ectul Compus: 2 dddeai stiteai (stai) voiai erai
'1- eu 2- tu 3- el,ea 1- noi 2- voi 3- ei,ele
3 dddea stdtea (sta) voia era

-am -al -a 'am -atr .au 1 dddeam st6team (stam) voiam eram
2 dddea{i st5teafi (stali) voiali erati
flepenoAxtcr rJraroJrbr n Intperfectu,l r,rarolar,rr{ HecoBeptueHHoro Br,rAa B nporueA-
rrJeM BpeMeHu. OrpuuaHr,re Bbrpaxaerc.rr, KaK o6uvHo, \.acruueia nu.
3 dSdeau st[teau (stau) voiau erau
Yrnepx4enue Orprutauae
Imperfectul ynorpe6.naercn, ecrn Hy)KHo Bbrpa3urb:
Eu aSteptam - fr )r{.t{a"tr: Eu nu aSteptant - .s He )K,qaJr.
a) Aruremnoe nesarcoH.{eHHoe AeficrBne B rrporuJroM:
2 Tu aSteptai - rbr )r{qaJr. Tu nu aSteptai - rbr He )K,qa,r.
3 El aStepta - oH )K/1a,7. EI nu agtepta - on He nt4aJr. Eu iubeam povegtile. - -fl nn6nn cKasKIr.
6) nonropreltoe Aeficrnne B npoIrIJIoM:
f Noi aSteptan - Mbr )r(Aarru. Noi ttu agtept4m - Mbr Ee tr,qaJrrr,
2 Voi agteptali - Bbnr(Zarr{{. Cfnc! erai mai ntic citeai ntai mu]t - Korra ru 6art rrenbrrre, qara,r 6o,bue.
Voi nu aSteptali :.Bbr H€ )reaJrn.
3 Ei-ele aSteptau - omrr )KaaJru. Ei-ele nu aSteptau - ourr ne it4a.lru. n) onracaune nocroffHHoro cocrogHllg:
B Imperfectul oKoHqaHl,rs rJraroJroB He 3aBr,rc.rrr or ,poAa v qr4cJra [o4Jrexa[rero, Fereastra era nicd, - Oxno 6una aaaennxoe.
oHI,I rr3MeHtarcq rorbKo B coorBercrBt4n cero nr4uoM, B pyccKoM Bapr4aHTe - uao6opor. r) Aeficrsne B nporuJroM, He orpanl,IqeHHoe EpeMeHHbIMrr paMKaMrI:
flpr,r c4paxeHul4 rJlaroJroB pa3Hbrx rrrrroB JII,rtIHbre oKoHqaHr,rfl oAr,rHaKoBbr, oAHaKo
Ea dansa frumos. - Ona raHIIeBaJra KpacuBo.
rJlacHbre Ha KoHue ocHoB HeKoTopbrx rpyIIII rJ'raroJroB Br{oc.f,T HroaHcbr:
A) Aeficrnne rJ rrporu,,roM, nporeKaBrxee oAHoBpeMeHHo c ApyrHNr Aeficrat,teM B rlporxJloM,
I rnn III rnn IV ran II rnn , III,rwn IV rzn tsbrpaxenHbrn lu6o Imperfectul, r'u6o Perfectul compus:
a studia Scrle a a vedea a spune a citi
a locui Eu an cdzut ciid coborant... - Ynan, Kor4a BblxontrJt...
[i+Imp] [i+Imp] [i+Imp] Ie+Imp] [e+'trmp] [-i+e+Imp]
' xlur
e) yg;ronue B [peAJIox(eHLI"flx ycJloBuoro IIaKnoIIeHI{s [potueAlrlero BpeMeHu:
y,IHr '' [r{ca.n Br{AeJr roBopI4JI rr[Ta,'r , DaQ{,erai nai atent nu cddeai - Ecnu 6 6u"r BHLIrIareJrbHee, neynan 6nr.
B,1o,r'loxrrocrr, (yr,.reHrae) a Imperfegt nepeAaerc.fl rcoHcrpyrcuueft
1 studiam scriam locuiam vedeam Spuneam citeam :

2 studiai scriai locuiai ' spuneai

vedebi citeai 'rl.:r.; t {a r
trl
putea},-
'tmP
* nnduaurnn
citi - .q Mor 'rnrarb
3 studia scria locuia vedea Spunea citea ," ;1,, . l, Eu Puteam
2' ''Tu puteai citi - ru Mor qlrrarb
'E(vlrEl putea citi - oH rlor qrrarb
1 studiam scriam locuiam vedelm spuneam citeam ,i
2 studiati scriati locuiati vedeati spuneati citea{i ," i{',,l.iltbi pr$ean citi - au MorrIn qurarb
2,.'.,"',.V,ol puteali citi - BbI MIHIII 'Iwrarb
3 studiau scriau locuiau vedeau Spuneau citeau -dt"ltjd}clcputeau citi - onz Llorrru 'ilIrarb

52 53
 yAapeHue raaaer
flpu npouaneceHur4 rJraro./roB I, lI, IV rLrIoB s Perfectu] sinplu
IPOIIIEAruEE BPEMfl ,ru o6pa3oBarrHbrir coeAnHure.unuoi.r r,racHofi -2,
-lf , -i, -f, untr ee 3aMerl.flIotulle -

-d,"ror,
-€. 3auernu, arro rJraroJrbr I runa, He pa3nuqarcIunec,fi B IIarI'IcaHI{u 3 "nHua
eA'
Perfectul simPlu rlvcra BpeMerr Prezent v Perfectul sinplu, pasnllqalorcq yAapeHuev'. n Ptezenf oHo

B npotunoM naAaeT Ha ocHoBy ularoJla.

flporue4uree BpeMx PeffeCtUl Simp/A nltpaxae'r.4etYtcrnue, 3aKoIIqeHHoe
la He ]IMeIoIUee cBfl3I,I c Hacrosll(llu. Orto o6pasyetcx: or IIpl'Iqactus' Participiul fraroltr III rr,rna o6pasyr,or ilpuqacrlls Participiul c pa3HbIMH oKoHr{aHl'Islul{ -5"
orHr,rMaerc.s nocJ'IeaHqfl 6yrna u nplt6anlxerc'fl c[eu]IaJlbHoe oKonrlaHue {
Sim}' -t, lut, orcloAa HeoAt{Hal(oBocrb crlpsx(en}ls 3rl{x rraroJ'IoB s Perlbctul sitnplu' B
3aMeHteTcs cy$$nxCOt''t -se'
npuqagTr,rrx C OKolIrIaHuflMlI -t -/ Koue'luas co1..rlacllag
2- voi 3- ei,ele oKoFIaIa]Mt4Mw -Ut KolleqHag
1- eu 2- tu 3- el,ea 1- noi a ,4o6atsIsercfl oKoHaIaHllC {Sin}, B llpt,tllacrllsx c
ITOTOM
U
-l -$1 -ram -reti -ra corJlacHas 3aMeHqercfl cpa3y oKoIItIaHfleM {Sim}'

a merge a rupe a face

flepenogqrcs, Perlbctul sintplu rJia1oIaMH HecoBep111e11Horo BflAa'B [poIxeAIUeM rupt f5cut
upa*"t 3rO apeua llclonb3yercs B ,rlITepaTypIIOI{ g3llKe AJIS oIIl4CaH}Ig nOCneAOBa-
mefs '
pB.ifl AenaJI
".
,anotoarr co6ntrufi B nporuJroM. orpnuatl.te BblpaxaeTcg, KaK O6bIIIHO,
rracTl'Iqefi tu' XOAIIJI

Is+e+Sim] [-t+se+Sim] [-t+Sim]

Yraepx4ewre Orpuuanne
1 Eu aStePtai - .rI nqlarr. Eu ntr aSteptai - .fl He )$4aJr. I mersei, rupser fScui
2 Tu aStePtaSi - r.bl )K,4a".1 Tu nu aSteptaSi - rnr nb )K/lan. rupsegi fiicugi
2 merse$i
3 El aStePtd - ofl )IqIan. DI nu aSteptd - on He zIC.uaJI.
3 merse' rupse f5cu
Noi aSteptardnt - uu xra'rlI. Noi nu aSteptardnt - rtbt He )I(4arru.
1
2 Voi aSteptardli - Bbt )K,IIaru. Voi nu a;teptardfi - BhI rle n{raJln. I merseram
I
rupserSm fdcurim
3 Ei-ele aSteptard - oHIt xrarru. Ei-ele nu aSteptard - oHIt Hc )nuarrw merserSti rupsereti f5curd{i
2
B upe4loNeHlpr c uarorol{- s Perlbctul sintplu oKollqaHl{e rJIaroJIa corJlacyercs
c
3 mersere rupsere fdcur5
J[ruoM noAJre)Karuero. flpu cnpflxeHl4rl fJlaroJlol] I, II, IV TnIIOB Bce Ilpocro' JII',IIUb y
TIIICJ'Ia AJIII 6JIafO3ByqlIs KoI{eqIrOe -A 3aMeHgeTCt Ha -e sinplu
TJIaTOJIOB I runa B 3 JIUUe eA.
Ecrr Hecrolbr(o HerrpaBI{JIb}IbIx IJIATO.I1oB, KOrOpbIe cllpefalo'rc'{ B Perlbctul
(eclu nepeg Hefi rracHafl) umt -d (eclu nepe'tr rrei;i cornacHa'a): no HecraHAaprnofr fnaro;t a fi' olpazyet Peftbctul sinplu AByMr cnoco6aun'
IV run "*"*u.
I rutn II rnn Llcx-[ro.reHl4g:
a schia a intra asedea a bea a citi a cobori
schiat intrat Eezut btiut citit coborit a da' a sta
xoal,rJ'r Ha rblx. BXOAI{JI CIIAEJI N'I.[ TIIITAJI BbIXOAI,{JI dat stat
Ia+Sim] Iu+Sim] li+Siml [i+Sim] AaBa,'l crogJl

1 schiai intral Sezu i b5ui citii coborii ' d[dui st5tui fui fusei
z schiagi intraqi $ezu$i b5ugi citiqi coboriqi $,aduqi st6tuqi fugi fuseqi

s schie'
intr5' $ezu' b5u' citi' cobori' dddu stitu fu fusc

t schiarim intrarSm $ezurem bauram citirim coborirlm ,dftdurim st5tur5m furSm fuser6m
citir6{i coborirl{i '*d{dur5tri furifi fuserifi
z schiarifi intrarili $ezureti biiurflfi stdtur5li
s schiari intrari $ezure b5uri citirS coborirl dldur[ stflturS furi fuserd
3uarc (') o3naqaer yAaPeI{Ile'
55
54
 IPOIIIEAIIIEE BPEMff f.naro,ru o6pasyror flpuqacruq Patricipiul c pa3llbIMI4 oKoHaIaH]I-{MlI -S,
III runa
-t, -ut. faaro.nur c rpuqacrueuna -ut o6paayrcr lvlai ntult ca Perfectu] KaI{ rJlaroJrbl
Mai mult ca Ferfectul Apyrrrx rqrroB. V r,raloros c rprrrracrr,reM IIa -.t, -f Kolleqllafl corJracHafl flp[qacrut
3arvleHflerc.f, cyQ$rancon -.te-, roroM Ao6asngnlcs ex{e oAHH cy$$nxc -'t€- lI oKoHiIaIII4e
, flpoue4uree BpeMrr Mai mult ca Perfectul nlrpaxaer Aeficrnrae AaBHorIpoIxeAIuee,
3aBeprxrrBlxeecfl panee Apyroro Aeiicrnus B rIpoIxJIoM, BaKoHr{eHHoro IIJIK He3aKoH- {Mmp}. ,

rreHHoro. Ono o6pasyercs orrrrb xe or [pflqacrlrfl Participiul: lrocreAHqs'corracHa.s IV rnn

III rnn
3aMeH.flercfi Ha cy$Snrcc -S€- u cTleutlanbHoe oKoHqaHile {Mmp}.
a scrle - scr$ a oferi - oferit
1- noi 2, voi 3- ei,ele lllca-II IIoAaplrn
1- eu 2- tu 3- el,ea
Inf*se*se*{Mmp} hfass+{Mmp}
-m -$1 -1 -ram -r5ti -ra
oferisem
' 1 SCTTSCSCIN
flepeno4urcs Mai mult ca Perlbctul r,'raroJ'raMl,r B rlporreAlxeu npelleHu. 3ro 1 scrisese$i oferiseqi
BpeMrr lrcnoJlb3yeTcg B c,'rox(Hocoqr4HeHHbrx npeAJIo)KeHI4.[X, rAe OaIeBI,IAI{O npeAIXeCTBIIe
gAHOTO CO6Anws. nepeA ApyILIM, I,I B CJIO)KnOIOAaILIHeIIHbIx IIpeAJIO)(eHI,I.rIx - B 3 scrisese oferise
lpgAarorrHoM, KorAa B rJraBHoM npeA.Jro)KeHralt rJIaroJI crolrr B rcaxou-lu6o npoue.Il[IeM 1 scriseseram scrlsesem oferiserSm oferisem
OrpuuaHne Bblpax(aercfl, rax o6r-'{Ho, \acru\eia nu.
BpeMeHr,r.
Ytnepn<4enne Orpnqanrre
2 scriseser5!i scrisese{i oferiserifi oferise{i
I Eu aSteptasem - "rI nc4all. Eqt nu aSteptasem - s He )r<zalr. 3 scrisesere oferiser6
2 Tu aSteptasei - rbl nc,4aJr. Tu nu aSteptaseSi - rbl He xran.
3 El aSteptase - oH )ItIIaJr. El nu aSteptase - oH He )rltIa'r. I,TCKJIOIIEHITfl
1 Noi aSte-ptaserdn - Mbr x,qaJrfi: Noi nu aSteptaserdm 'MbI He )rc,\a"/ru.
nult ca Perfectul
2 Voi agteptaserdli - Bbr )K,narln. Vo! 1u agteptaserdli - Bbr He zrc,\alrn' CrroHeHne IIenpaBl,lJIbIlbIx rJIaroJIOs n Mai
3 Ei-ele aSteptasetd - oHn )rqtaJrrr. Ei-ele nu agteptaserd - oHa Ee ztla'rn.
B npeanoxeHur.t rJraro r s Mai mult ca Perfectul ,corJlacyercff c JIlluoM
ada a sta afi a avea a vrea
dat stat fost avut vrut
noAJre)Kauero. flpu rpor.r3HeceHr,rr.r rJraroJroB s Mai mult ca Perfectul yAapeHI'Ie fla.zlaer CTOSJI 6rrn ],IPICJI XOTEJI
AABAJI
Ha cJror, o6paaonaHHufi coeAuuurelnllofi rnacHofi -3, -U, -i, -i. CnpnKeHHe rJIaroJIoB
I, II, IV rI{rIoB rlpot{cxo4l4T crpoto rro [paBuJIaM. 1 dddusem stdtusem fusesem avusesem vrusesem
i
I run ' II rnn 2 idddusegi stitusegi fusesegi avusese$i vrusesegi
a cinta - cintat a vedea - vizut fusese VTUSCSC
IIe,{ cu,4eJI 3 idedure stStuse AVUSCSC
Inf+se+{Mmp} C)c;Hosatu+se+{Mmp}
1 id[duserim stStuserim fuseser6m avuseseram vruseserem
1 cintasem vSzusem 2 idflduser6fi stituser6fi fuseser6{i avuseser5ti vruseserSti
:u
2 cintaseqi, cintasei 'vazuse$l, vazusel ? iaaddbere stiituserl fuseser5 avusesera vrusesere
U

3 cintase VAZUSC
Ipryaep: Pupfr ce se intotseserd f[oc,te roro KaK BePHYJilrcb
1 cintaserSm. cintasem vizuserSrn ,vezusem de la vittlitoare, povestiserd c oxorbl, oflI{ noBe4alrr{
v6zuserSfi ,vflzusefi qylecrrbre rlcropilu.
2 cintaserdfi, cintaseli ftttbttPttri nt i n unate.

3 cintaserH vizuser5 li!'',

!

56 57
 KOH}KYHKTI,IB flpu orpuuaHl,Il{ rracrl4lla nu craBurct MexAy '{acru{efi .td n rnarolotnl
Vrea sd nu cint - oH xoqer, 'rro6bl g He nerTa.
Conjunctiv
Cpanuunaa cnpr)KeHr.re rJraroJroB n Conjunctiv prezent co cnpqx(enlreM uIaroJIoB
Conjunctiv - rJraroJrbHafl KoucrpyKurrfl, He rrMerouar aHaJlofa B pyccroM r3brre. e Prezent, orMerltM:
Conjunctiv otuu6o.IHo Ha3bIBaIor cocJ'rarare.rrbHbrM HaK./IoHeHr4eM, rrpaBr4JrbHee ero 1) n 1 u 2 :lwlax eA. Lt MH. r{rIcJIa oKol{qaHlls coBnMalor,
I{HTep[perl,rpoBarb KaK rJraroJr c coro3oM ,rro6m. 2) n 3 JrI,Iqe eA. qLIcJIa oKoHalaHne -d ueusetcs Ha -e,
Conjunctiv runpoKo l4crlonb3yercs B pyMbrHcKoM .s3brKe - B cocraBHoM rJraroJrbHoM uao6opor, oKoHqaHI4e -e MeHflercfl ta -d,
cKa3yeMoM. Conjunctiv l4Meer 4ne Qopulr - Hacro.rrulero (Conjunctiv prezent) w 3) n 3 ,,rl{ue MI{. aII{cJIa s 3 ,lIIlIre eA. rII4cJIa.
oKoHqaHI,Ie raKoe }ICe xarc
rporxeArrrer o (Conj unc ti v perfec t ) Bper{eHr.r. lIHorAa rrpoacxo4lrr r.r3MeHeHue 4n$roHroa vJIH rJIacHbIX B ocHoBe uIaroJIoB.
Bcrpe'ratorcfl [cKJIIoqeHI'Ifl' KorAa Ia s 3 Jlrue He rrpoucxoAllT I43MeHeHug'
HACTOflIIIEE BPEMfl flocxotrtxy Conjunctiv prezent orJrrrqaercs ot Prezent roJIbKo e 3 rlaue eAuHcrB.
rrl{cJra, ro s ra6rlauax npeAcraBHNr roJrbKo 3To JIHUO. {,rr rlarolon I runa cfip{)KeHl4.fl
Conjunctiv prezent o6pasonanue Conjunctiv prezent conpoBo)rcAaercfl cJIeAyIouII{MI,I I,lsMeHeHIltMrr:

Conjunctiv prezenl nepegaer Aeficrnrur, orHoc.s[Iuecfl K Hacroflnl eMy rtJrrr 6yayueruy Prezent Conjunctiv
BpeMeHu. Ouo o6pasyercs nprr noMoruu aracrrrubr sd n rnarona Hacror{qero BpeMeHr4 Infinitiv 3 r. ea. .r. 3 r. eA. 'r.
Prezen t c HeKoropbrMr..l r,IgMeHeHr,rflMr,r
I run -a -e
sd + {Conjunctiv Prezent} schimba schimbi s5 schimbe
Ha pyccxr.rfi asux Conjunctiv nepeaoAr{rcr AByMr cnoco6auu. lnvita inva{5 s5 inve{e
Koucrpyxuu.s (r,rarol + Coujunctiv), n roropofi !r rJraror, u Conjunctiv intra , intri si intre
yuorpe6.neHbl B o.4HoM Jlr{ue, [epeBo/.kr'tcfl. cocraBHLilM rJraroJlbHbrM cKa3yeMbIM, [pr4qeM continua continul si continue
Conjunctiv - rJraroJroM B HeorrpeAeJreHHofi $opr'le. tiia taie si taie
Ec;rr.r r,raror u Conjunctiv s cocrasuor'r cxdsyeuorr.r:.n paaHrrx Jrr,ruax, ro Conjun-
-,.
:;t&j
'{TP ctiv nepenoAn'tcr- cKasyeMblM npnAarorrHoro ilpeAJrox(eHr,re c coro3aMrl ,rrounw vro6u. minca mininc6 si minince
, riir: inota inoati sd inoate '

"!: Conj. B cocraBe cKaayeMoro Conj. B rplrAaroqHoM rrpeAJr. juca joaci si joace
_';.t
/Ilruo O6a rraro.na B oAHoM Jrr{ue frarolu n pabrrrrx Jrr{rrax B rou qucJre c uSMeHeEHeM B ocaoBe u cyQfuttrccax
ea e lucra lucreaz 5 si lucreze
1 Eu vreau sd cint - Vrea sd cint - a$tepta a$teaptfl sd a$tepte
s xoqy nerb XOTI€T' tIfO6bI JI neJla
2 Tu vrei sd cfnfi - Vrea sd cinti - pleca pleacl si Ple e
TbI XOaIemb neTb xoqeT' tIfO6bI TbI [eJIa semena seam 5n f, si s ern en e
3 EI urea sd cfnte - Vreau sd cfnte - id
'; tt, ierta iartl si ierte
OH XOqeT II€TLT xo.ty,. uro6rr (on, oHa) ne"l itu.liu stud iaz 5 si stud iez e
ft
I Noi vrem sd cintdm - Vrea sd cintdm - | | ,' , Llcxnnveanh
MbI XOTIIM TICTb xorler, olro6br MbI tIeJIIt. tntirzia intirzie si intirzi e
') Voi urefi sd cintali - Vrea sd cintafi - 1a sI ia
'.lit,rl,',t lua
BbI XOTIITC NETb xorler, .Iro6rr BbI [eJII,r
,, p" da s5 dea
3 Ei vor sd cinte - Vreau sd cinte - illlctthl ,

sti sI stea
OHII XOT.f,T TICTb xovy, vro6ur (oHn) ne,rra.
rii (-l 4t)b:
' l,ta

58 59
 Ana naxur,rx.InafoJ,Ia o6paaynr Coniunctiv prezeAt CJIeAyIolItI4M o6paeort:

I 2 3- 1 '2, ' '\3' :'

a fi: ,sii,liu sd fii '':sd fie ' sd fim sd,flfi" 'sd fie
a avea: sd am sd ai sd a.ib6 sH avem ' 'sd hvetit sd'aibd
-t.. . 'i .:',
Iicrn noanparHufi rJraroJr [crroxb3yqrc'- n Cottjunc,tiv prezent" to
a) sossparHol t"""or.rteque,Ir Qg,Pnr" Acuaativ y-uorpe6;ae1ca n up'nuoii'qqyAapHof
$oplre
- lI crorlT nocre rlacrlruut si,
6) soanparHoe.MecrolpteHlle n Qoplre Dativ'ynorpe6nxetcg'B t{parxofi'rreyAaprlofi
Soprue H iluuercs,.uepea ae$nc cY,aqruuefr td, . t:.iii','".,.' : :i,' I'
'r''t...
Corr;unbtiv nosnparHili'l UonJunctlv Bo3BParHbIx
rJraroJroB c Acuzativ: uaro,ros c Dativ:
I

'2

':l " M Ug@ln tll n6' tWi.h u 2 d:lh' -"

r \ Vrent sd' ttb'cuihPdidm" -'
','i,,,,,, .)\r.fritbllii$fnO$*yofO i'..., XoruMrce6e ryndrr
2 Mergefi s{; F,'frPuu4ati - Vreli \tt' vd cttrhpdfaff -
Eaei6 'it[o*titrto
3 Mers sd $qYW&$'ffiFdltli ;Wol,'ffiPr cumpere -
ll ...
. EAyr gtAoItY;:," Xorsr ce6e xynurr
,

qptr rJrarone n CoriJu'tlOtlV pftzent ecTb IIpsMoe AonotIHeHIIe' BbIpaI(eHHoe

,U6M,ACIuzaUv,.To:i{0fi6&EB tretcl*'.T$Ol/lli6le HeyAapl{ble $opuU r'leOtol'lt'leuus 1

rlepe3
D4tlv, ro Hcrrotf,>3,]roqg4 #Bp.rlme Hey4apllb.I€,Qop4q1 ,uqcrouMeHu'a
sd.

4iqtali
,4 Plt-i 'l

61ri
 : Condi{ionalul'
' VcrosHoe HaKrlor{enue
,Condifiopalul awBtaxae.p 4g1tcptre )rcen?eMoe, npeanoha-
raeMoe, Bqaygryqqe npr.i iarcor-ro ycrro'r,r{,'B ;y,d;;-;';r;,.; ;; ;;;;;;fi;
COCJIATATCJIbHOC. HAKJIOHEHI,IC.
Vcnosuoe HaKJroHeHHe',ree, aile $oprurr: Hacroflrrreril aper'reHl,r Condit'ionalul
p rezep t w fi porne4urer o Con di ti on a l u L perfec t.
' Hacrosuee ycJloBHoerIIaI$JIorleHr,rp Condilionalul prezqaLt oQpaayeqca npr4 rroMorurr
cneur4aJrbHoft $opruu r.rrirroJra a avea: ., t ," iJ ,:r,, I

1-eu 2 - tu'"' 1 -noi 2'":-o' 3 - ei,ele

a$ 3.1:,.
',,Qf,
am a$-1, ,at
il i
I . r,, ti r.|.1
u rufrunur-nEa-,cu.brefiotsoro,rrnroJra.{nlrrs';rro6oro rr{[a..cnpffx(enu*)., '

,,^ flBouerywea" Cpad.ifr,ana4,u,l,Wffept o6pasyerca:;rrprr ngyetulr,rofi tre cneusamHofi

OqpMpli:rfi&tQlI& ts avf'3,:'nq6gn4rusa. rJtraro,'ra. a fi a 4pvt4caua ,farticipial cMucrosoro
TJIATOJIA.

rJlaroJroB n Condi lional ul BO3tspaTHOe MeCrOnMeHHe npeArxecTByer

rJlarony il nflrr.{erc.s c rrr,rM vepes ge$nc:

63
 NOBE JII4TE JIbHOE HAKJIOHE HI{E
Acuzativ Dativ
Mi-ag aminti
' '/:
'l ImPerativ '

Ea. 1 M-af face medic

f 6u cral BParIoM f 6ur ncuounul
flarolrr B rroBe.Jrr{TeJrbgoM rraKJror{ewrr{ Imperativnutpa)Kalor rIpI4Ka3aHI'le, npocl6y'
Te-ai face nedic Ti-ai aminti
'
c6ner, 3allper. C nonoqlro Inperativ npoco6y lIt/II4 3arlper MoxHo a4peConatl 4o
2
2
Ttr 6m cran BPatIoM Trt 6nr ecnoMHfir Jrr{uy,eA.,uJlvrMH'rIucJIarnosTO}Iyrr4r?4,nl4peratirrrMeerqerbrpel$opt"tlt:
(-) A.trs eA' I{ MH' rll4cra' Orpuuarel$naa
3 S-ar face medic $i-ar aminti Vn#pdtat"nyrc (+) lI orPruareJlbHylo
OH 6lr craJl BPaaIoM On 6l BCnoMHI'IJI
Sopma'o6pasyercx c noMounlo 'tacrnur,t,,1lu' ,

rlarCiaon nCex tuUon cflp{nceHu.a oA}lHaKoBo o6pasyrctcx rpn

(popMbl:
Mu. Ne-am face medici Ne-am aminti AJts
aIucJIa coBnaAaer c $opruofi Prezent2 r'uUa MH'rIucJIa;
1
' r !' Mlt 6rrI 'BcfloMHI'uIu r1) yrnepAllreJlbl{as Sopr'ra MH.
Mu 6m craJII'I BPaaIaMIr :Z) Ltp"U"leJrbuas dropia MH. qI4cJIa Bblpaxaercs uacrugefi nu u Qopruofi Prezent 2
,2 Vat'i faiib nedici" I' ' V-a't'i aminti
JIUUa MH. rrI4CIa;
Blr"6n cra"tlr BPaqaMI4 Bu 6u BcIToMHIIJIII
orpu,uareJrbHafl $oprua eA.. qtrcJra Bbrpalrcaercfl
.Iaerl1&efi nu u un$vnruIrt'tBoM.
3)
l3 S-ar face medici $i-ar aminti A.rs rraroron I ll IV runo6,gllpff)ileH.Ilfl yrBep6llresl6llaa $Oplta
eA"aII{cJIa Imperativ
Onn 6m scuoltrHurl'I
i
Onr' 6lrr cranu nPauar'lr'i .ourr"a"", c.$gguofr Hacrorruero .BPjuery1
Prezent l.","uu eA' 1119-rI?'
ltrrtrnie MecroI4MeHI{f,
' EetmrlepeA uIaroJIoM e ycnijnHoru riar'nonesHu ""tp:'1111:1
lricrourtenrafi; Itoropbre rluryTcx
Ac,uzativu Ddtiv;To rtcndxouyrolicx tcpamrae Soprulr
uepes AeQuc co BcIIoMorarerbHbIM rJIal'oJIoM:
Dacd le-ag fi scris ei s-ar fi bucurat' cintati nu cinta{i
Ecnu 6 .r{ Iilv HarrilcarT' ontr 6m o6Pa4oaanucn. intfati nu intra{i
taidti nu tiia{i
d6::,i;t nu da ,. da{i , nu da{i
luor'eaz6 | nu,ltlora, lucra{i, nu'lucra{i
nur SdPi;a, copiafi nu'cdpiati

oJ*r*i dormi{i . nu dcirmifi

,i ,ffUrCobof,i cobori{i nu cobori{i
citegte ntt citi citifi " nu citi{i
Condi$i@lalul perfect ucgo4{wyerc'tr: hotiriqte nu hotiri hotdri{i nu hotdri[i
He p€anrr3oBaHH9ro B
1) .r upocroM npeArrox":"t, - AlIs Bbrpaxe[ua leilTBHt'
npoIIIJIOM: stai nu sta stati' nu stati
,N:a;fipitutmelgeieri]aci'1enla.-fl66rnbcttohnoftrnavepaBKIIHo' ia nu lua lua{i nu luafi
z) u yanourion npel,rox<iju]Hr| - Afifl rr,tpaxetiua Aeficrsl4s'
He
Iii f.
nu n fiti nu fifi
"no*rrorroor"ri"rrrro"
peaJrr{3oBaH}roro B npoil1Jl'M iro rarcofi-ro
'de,
(np'WrraUa BEoAI{Tcs cox.,Sattu daCd'
n-prutn* vino nu veni venifi nu veniti
sd, In caz cd,. .ctt condilia cii)t
Dacdasfiinv.dfata;fidatexanenu]-Eem6nr'gy\tIilI,.q'6ntc.\alt7K3aLIeH.

65
84
 Roenparuue rJlaroJrbrb rdoTOpbIM Bcef.qa coIIyTCTByIOT BQ3tspaTIIbIe MecToI4MeHlIfl'
II rllna cflprxeHn* Int perativ o6PaeYercr: eA' I'I MH' tllrcJla
A.n.a uaro.tto's o6pasyroi Intperativ ra*lrM o6pasou: B yrBepAI4reJIbI{bIX Qoptuax
BosBparHoe MecrofiMeHl'Ie craBrrrct,ilq:4e' rJlaroIa
t"p-:-i B orpnuarerlbHblx
E.q[Hcrsennoe qucfio Mnoxecr.Bellnoe qlIcJIo Me}uy
1:0ic'
qacTI4Ue}"I nu v I;laToJLOM' npr4rreM
II rurn Qopr"rax BO3BpaTHOe MecTor'rMeHI{e
crar-urcg
'
(+) (-) (+) noCnparnoe *"a"o"rnarr"e'Dativ crtuBaer('s c q261uusfi fttl:; ' i
Infinitiv ,, ,,,
':.,.; 't '2 ttut\o nu + Inf 2 ,ci{rro
MHox; .I.
E/iraHctnertttoe ql{c JIO
thcea taci' ' "" hri t5cea! tice{i (+)
'nu vedeti nu vede{i Infinitiv (,+) (-)
{iedea vezt' vedea!
,

gedea spzi " nu sedea! qedeti qp wdeti a se scula ' scoalfl:te nu te'sculi
'nu te distia
scula{i-v6
'
tr4cxnn,rcnus :' .
,: a se clistra distrea25-te dlstra{i'vi
,avea ai \ t: ' nU aveal aveti nu ayetl a se ir-nbrica ,imbrapi-te. nu te,imbl6ca imbf6cati-vi
,a.,sg duce; du-te 'i!' , nu te du ,: duce[i=v5
.f.narolnl A vtea u a pllteatle lIMeIor @oprnr nonelllTeJlbrioro HaKronenkltr'
a,,se,simti' , gin'rfg-f,6r, ,;, nu te sirnfi ' sir^nfi{i-v5
Ans rtarolon III rlrna cIIprItKewwn Inpentiv gr8bi{i'vd
o6paayetct:' nu'te'$rHbi '"
a'Se'gr8bi 'grilbe$te4e
:.:'.:",
f.]t i,,;'.: i t\\: ',

EArartcrsenr{oe qucno Muoxectgeuffoe qucxo

rrr r!!!t i t, pxuifcrbennoe qficJro Mnolrc.'q.
Infinitiv
,

cii (J' (+) (-) J

'
r, lri .l'{(l,l: , '' 1r:
,

2l. nu*2r' (-) ,(+)

2.3 n. 11 + Inf l

merge mergl nu rfierge! mergefi nu'rnergeti nu-ti,arninti arnintifi-vh

cere''i cerei : nu:Cere:I" cere{ir ntL'ceryg- nu-ti ilnchipul' inchipui{i-vl
t'\t,,i nu-ii pump5r? cumpira{i-vE
tr[cxnn'reilris ' at
::

faee fe , nu face'! '

face{i nu fdceti I
t

ziee' n nu zice! - 'zice[,t'

' nul'zlce{i !ii l ,'1{!tr}l{ {11'
rttipt"i' c'iacnonlbonaHur-ir'l Conjunctiv nc
,rdup,ptt 1 nu'duce{i
: \ )yuecrnyer eue BCXJI}TBA' )PMa
I :r ), ,.:'1
)ihdrittretnofo tircitdl
1r
du nuduce!, -;-iirti ii,l' tl:l iltl l,rt, .' '.

,duce
aduce adii (adu) nu aduce! 4du9g!i ntr u*""I W tnu, ctn I i. - Tai,' fui "tu ineillnl e Sd,nu'.taci'' Tni 6nr g6'Monvan!
ni inbigi - Tni 6bl'iie *o+un!
"Sd
nu"iii - Tnr 6it HA iiqnfffiIrrr!
p*..

" illi iilr,l'!lr.

.&dikdlllleHue, BbIPalreHHoe
Ecru nPra' r"uar<ifie ,;4ri! pq6 i ,lli, llrtii/t{il}ll
lorc 4 . Kp arKr" I o
P,y,T j .!n..t ""_"1 1t : .1T:lt-1
.
Mecro4Merjl{ eM . Ac uza t i v,
g
inibbiatin, n nepeA rraronoM - rl
'!i.: I fril ril fi'
''ufrffittS{;}uri r"
crangrtn nocJle rJIaroJIa' -.,' : t', i
rt j,r.].[.ll({ irAlr '
'' , rl{-flill I
'
orpu{arellHrtx $opuaxl . ' lr;'ti ,' , ii
Nu-i intieiie pe toli - He o1rou'sfr acex! r1{l'rynlF,$,Ie .'r',
fntrece i pe t;i; - b6ronn acex! '.' ,.'""; i':1"'..."
arteptaf! I{e xqure erol '
-
Ag,teptatri-l - )Ifuure eia! Nw+l
. rr I ,.tir'1, !i r

tlotp"r,ativ e'ru iloCse't{oe AonoJIHeHue' BblpaxceH'oe

, Ec,rri'rrp" *rruro r" ii
MeCTOIIMSHI'Ia' roropr'ie cTaBflTCf
e*t,Dativ,ro l4cnoJlb3ytorcx rparkl'letSOprurr
MecTor,rMeHr,t -
Imperativ; 'H nepeA fJI'a[oJIoM B
rrocJre f,Jrarofla = B yrBepArr.ourro,t Qopruat
oT,puqare#b-.lrux SQPr'rax :.
Da(i-mi - ,{artre ane! Nu-ni dali - He /Ianafire Yue!
Cintd-ne - Cnofi aav! Nu ne cfnta - He nofi sau!
,,6V

66
 CTPAAATE JIbIrbIft SAJIOT AEETIPI{IIACTI,IE
Gerunziul
Dtateza Pasiva
(re, .Lro MoryT I,lNleTb AortoJ'I}IeHlre 6ea GerunzjuJ - oco6ag rpoprra r,'raro,ra, Koropat o6osHa'raet Aei'tcrsue, corlyrcrBylouee
B pyccxor,l fl3blKe ilepexoAl{ble IIaIoJibI Aeficrnup cKa3yeMol.o. 3ro AerlcrBlre N{o)Ker 6rrIrn nacroturuNr uJIl{ npoueAlul4M
npe4lora) N{oryr I{IvIerb crpaAarcJlblryrc QopNIy' oTHocr4TeJIbHo Aeficrnug cKa3yeN{oro. Gerunziul oTBeqaeT rla Borlpoc qro 4ettag?, qro
Crpa4arennunrii sa'ror:
fieficraaretnnnrii sator; t{IITaeMa MIIoK) clettan ?
Kanra
.fl wtran KIrrIrJ/
cititd de mine' Gerunzjul oAI,lHaKoB .4,rs .nn6oro JIuUa. On o6pasyeTcs oT OcHoBbI UIaIOJIa
Eu citesc o carte Cartea este or uarolos c oc'onoii Ha
Ao6asneHuer,r cyr!$nxca ind. tTpu o6paeonatptv't Geruttziul
flpllerolrAe}-IcTl]I,ITeJIbHoeflpeA.rloxeHl,renpeo6pa3yeTc'{BcTpaA'aTe.[bHoeTaK'qT( -d, -ft, -f upollcxo4ltr o6nt"Ittoe qepe,AoBarllle:
t,{eHgIorcr{ Mecrallrl, a rJIaroJI ynorpe6'rrxerct
rl
Ao'oJIlIeHIre u noAJlextaluee
crpaAareJlbHofi rloplte'
crede - crezfnd cre$te - crescind scoate - sco{fnd.
ro qr^
^,rird^r^T^o Te, Morvr I,{MeTb
rITo MofyT rrMerr
13 pyt'tltuct<oM
UIaIo.rIaMI4 clII,lTaloTcE
IIepeXoAIIbJMI,I flarO.ntt IV rrana Cnp"t{}KeHl'tt (ua -i) lI rnarOJIbI, oCHoBa KoTOpt'Ix oKaHquBaeTcs
'I3bIKe
ilpgMoeAoIIo.rI]{etIlle,BbIpaiKerIHoecyuecTBI,IT€,IIbHbIIrIlIJI14MecToI,lMeIIl,IeMBBIIHlITeJIb}IoNl Ha r,,racnylo, o6pa:yrcr Gerunziul c noN{oulbrc cyfi$vrxc'a -ind:
pe. PyI{bIHCKi',Ie flepexoAHble fflalo"'ibl raK)Ke
rraAelKe 6es upeAlora [,IIU C npeAJIOroM Koropas o6pa:yercx fi - fiind scrie - scriind citi - citind
pasivd'
uoryr 6rrIrr' ynorpe6,reubl B crpaAare'nnHofi $oplre liateza -u (A"'Is 6larosnyuux)
Geru nzi u ] or Bo3BparHbIX l'Jlaro"rloB llorloJlHsercs rlacHoii
[pI4iloMoIIII{Ilafojlaafiunpuuacrvl'Participiu.lclrltc.nonofoUIaIoJIa.
a [plIrIacTI,Ie . c poAoM l,I
III{CJIOM Dativ vrru Acuzativ'.
f'naro,r a fi corltacyeTcg c JIlIlIoNl IIoAneXaUIeIo, li - qepe3 ae$nc - Bo3BparllblM Mecro[Menuev
lo.trJlexa[Iero.Cor.nacoBaIII4erpfiqacrl'IgaHaJloruq]IocorJlacoBa]IuloilpI4JIararenblloro: Cunpdrindu-mi - noxynaa ce6e, scriindu-vd - HAIIUCAB BAM.
Xtencnltii Po4 Gerunziul rrMeer oAHy BpeMeHHyro sopry, nepeBoAI4MyIo Ha pyccKui't ssntx uttu
(s oaera) npoilellllluM rrJII,I HaCTOfltqr.IM Bper{eHeM B 3aBI4CLIMOCTII OT KOHTeKCTa: CTporI{x [paBI{./I
sint imbrScat (g oner) sint imbrhcat| ,r"p"uo4" uer. B [peAJro]Kerlr{u Gerunziu,l nrrno,rHger $yHxurall o6crosre,'IlcrBa vrJrrl
esti imbricati (rr,r oAe'ra) o6paayet Aeefipl{qacrHlte o6opo'rur:
egti imbrig2f (151 oler)
cste imbrScatl (oua o,lera) Facind excursia Ia nunte, el a rdcit -
este imbricat (ou oaer) Coaepuur sKcKypciln B ropbr, oH npocrynallcfl'
sintem imbrbcate (r'rr'r oAeror)
(r''tt't oAerot)
sintem imbr5ca{i
sinte{i imbricate (sbr oAerm) CYIIITH
sinte[i imbricafi (uu oAerr't)
sint imbr5cati (ouu oAeu't) sint imbrlcate (ouIa oAerrt)
Supinul
Ito/IIeI(?}I]Iee IlaccllBHo'
B npe4"lroxerl['I c rJlaro.loNl B cTpaAaTenr,uoi,l {iopr'te Supinul - oco6as Sopua r/rarora, o6lar'Iarouas [pl.r3HaKaMI{ cyuecrB]4reJlbHoro-
OpyAue' coBepruzrrouee 3ro
Aeficrsue coBepuaercs IIaA tlrru' ':::::t1";J:ffJ":ltfi
r{/rr NrecrorrMerr'erv d>opr,rinrrro Supinul .ou.ruAu"t c npllalacrl4ev Participiul, no yuorpe6laercx c
cJ,ryrrae o'o Bbrpa)Kaercfl cyr(ecr',rre.{r>rrrrM
:ffi|]i'}#il:';;;"^, rrpeAroraMr.r de, Ia, pentru, dupd, tle la v nepezol"lr'tcfl cyIuecrBI4reJIbI{bIM
I4,'Il{
r.{crroJtb3yercs rlpeAnor cu.
Ilpaonoro, de, uilu Heol(y[reBrerrHbrM - rofAa HeorrpeAeJleHHofi Qopuoii r'irarola.
[JSa este deschisd cu cheia -
orKpblra KJ'IIovoM'
'[Isepr' S upi n u I [epeAaer orreHKI{ AoJI)I(e}IcrBoBaHUfl"
iu sfnt iilvitat de prieteni "g npvrr,railrcH /qp.Ysb'grtu.
Eu mai am ntult de invd(at - Mwe eue rImoro Hy)I{Ho ylrrrrb'
ynorpe6i:1i:--:ll"-eAuler{ r'r n 6yayrueu (nerro),, e greu
f.narol B crpaAarerluroi''r $opne MolKer 6urr' Supinul iracro ynorpe6nsercs noc"ne 6ea.nltvtmtx o6oporoB e u;;or
BpeNIelIl{,Ilpll3ToM6yrernetrxrbctrToJIbI(oBcnoMorareJlLltl'tt-Ir;Iarolali" ftpyziil, e voie (uoxcai), nocrle cltoB vreme, tinp Gpeax), voie Go'rs), mult (trnoro),
pitrin (rrod, gata (xopoud, ("rerxd'
(,Ifa a fost c{eschisi ctt cheia - /[nepn 6uta orxporra KJIIoaIaM' (roroao), bine Iesne
i,'Us,,. fost invitat cle prieteni JI 6or"'r 6'y4er
npnr"ralllev /qp'vsbflrIlL B npeAloNenuw SupittulMoNer Bbrno,{Hsrb $ynxunn lroAJlexauero, AorIor'IHeHI4fl'
,t li deschisd cu cheia - finepn orxpu'ra KrIIorroM' onpeAeneHl4g, o6cro-sreJlbcrtsa.
Ei voi fi invitat cle prieteni tf 65"'Ty npurnauel{ "Ip'Ysb'sMr'
69
68
 llpea.tror (pyru.-pyc. ) IIpui'tgB
de ling5 AITO, BQ3TC de liug6:gcoal6i ' IITO BO3.IIE IIKOJIbI
'. l' rrOA,('nos"ne) de ling6,Moscgvg nol Mocr<noft
pe ling5, M'}IMO ; pe lingii ca$e , ; MI,[MG,.[OM2'
r{poMe pe,lir,rg.ii acea$ta KpoMe sTOrO
l.a '.{ar.n.- 6es.n. copiilor l AeT.flM, .
, ,t, t,
i
na (nyzia) la gare' HA BOKSAJI
n (rcyaa) ,' la gcoalfi , ,. e rrtKo"nS/, ,

i
s (npela.s,), , la orq,.fi ,,, , , B 6 qacop, ,

Y (n'sq+e) : la fereastr6r,i y OIdlIa ; '

Ier'r\,,'I. '1 la noi" rla voi. K tllaM,,, l0rB&tvt

mulfumiti Q4arp4apn
oe la br' :r:
de'la (cinevi)" or 0cdf6')'
I
y (et) " de,la vecini
'':
oT,coce/i€fr
a (or) de la trib-uni , c rplr6ynru ,

pe la oxbito,'b pe la iirniaz5 oKoJro uoliylna

y, (noio)' ' pe la voi Y Bac
*'(r,'vi) pe Ia noi KHaM l

pe Brary.n:.,6es.n. pe tine , ,.. :, re6s

IIa p€ (suprafata) I{& (irouep4Hoeru)
'
IIo pe strad$' no yJrr4ue. .

B pe ddr,oiib' B Aonll.' '

'l
qe pe 'c' cO de pe (SuFrafafA) c (rrogeprrrocrra)
p9nqru 3a Pentiu refoime :a pe-Qop.r'ror
AJTA pentru cineva AJrrr Koro-To
pentru ceva Anfl qero-To

peste rroBepx peste (ceva) IIOBepX (.rero-ro)

cBepx peste (ceva) CBepX (.rero-ro)
qepe3 peste o or5 rrepe3 rlac
(rrapevne) peste tot rroBclo/ly
 HAPEITPIfr
Adverbe
Nfecra Bpenaeuu
unde? cind?
de'tinde? ' de
ctiC?'
plnd b?nd?
acolo,/ aici asearS binelrflrt :'i '

; rau/s,(ecb, ;, B-Ygpa BerrepoM .xopouo,/ nJloxo

de acolo/de aici ,
asl.azl, azl altfel/ altminteri,
orr,y[a,/orclqAa
^rncorc/ rncQace ceroAH.rr. ..,,HHarre o,,, .,. i .,.,
acum, indat5, acugi aqa/tot aSa/ de asemenea
ryAa/ crcna cefiqac rar/ raclte/noto6uo
afaiil, de afizttfl miineli€11 ' "'':ir" ' astfbl ;

^ dnapyftfr' ' 'savrba'/s\ela

-."
' 'raruiM ddDasor'l
rnauntru
I t'
niciodatd repede/intet
BHVTDI,I HlISqrAa 6WSrp(N.reArreHHo.
alSturi citeodati / uneori'' ' ^,
rmpreuna
P'IAOM r,tHofAa BMECTC
aproape totdeauna destul
6.nusno BCEIAA AOCTATOqHO
departe odati tareauqor l'gteu
AaJreKo OAHAXAbI' cv[blto / JIerKo / TDy.IIHo
dedesubt tirziu
/h6saHo' , :,ir:r :1
mai multT'mai pu{1n
-CriiaSv 6dtr{trc} luesrii" 'i
'deasufra rd[emiiltr',ii,, r.ri -,i1,, ] 'ntlftdi'r' 'jrr1i" ,'i {{/rr 'ir

t: i,dbepxy . :'.. 1t'i{'Edbi{ciii:ti',,r, ; r riir 1t'di[bKo

ilos/ sus deodati ino&', ' ,{r?.r' \i,.!i ',:
y nnusy/nBepxy
, B4pyr erue
;rnapol oupa aceea ;,, ,
,qoaf,. numar.
' l tl
o6parno ,^ 3aTeM ,.
BeAb //' JIUlItb
flmpreJur/ ln Jur in genere,'th geiieral
' BOKpJ/r nod6urb "
0nunqe seara ,
mereu
Intcalen
.'BgpAf r .r,lB€rnODOM
'I-'uqcTosHHO
| .
:.. i.
dimi,rre:ata 0e oDrcer
HI4[A€, HITKYAAI ' :r YIF9nt , gQr,rvuo .l
u4qeva zfiJa cumva
. t'Ae-Hn6yar .ZIHCM rcax-Rn6var
'vtza tl deja, de acum abia
iatS
HAIIPOTI,IB
. YTe ; :; "
rar, Iatragl
;ellBai 'IyT! . ''11 " I i: ,t.:r
catE, vreo,.clrca
BOT cHoBa,. onflTb npr.rMepHo
deocamdati 'r
oes
nCr'ra i '1
qacTo
 , Articole
. Aprfirc.nr- - sro onpeAcJr[reJrb cyuecrBrrre.nr,rrorbl OH noxaerrnaeT
a) Sopr'ry cydtecrnrreJrbHoro - ueohpeaejreurryld'uflr{ orpeAe,renrr}'rii;
6) naAex - uMerrHreJr wtntfi,l,gdwwtel4i'.ttfu.wtrw'Fqre4b'b#/po,[nre.nrnrrfi,
B.Ii.lMC.llO : €AIIHCTB€HHOe IIJII{ MrrO)KecrBeHHOe.
, t:i )1. i
Heonpefidnentnte ' OnpelteneHHbre
'frar.
,H.acno/Pot, /.Pon.n. Mvr. /Bun.n, ilar, /PoF,.a.
..
Eq. M. un )-:
unut
i,.'
e

-t -Iui
i:, !' li

-}ui
i ;

-le ,

UII .r
r-=-tr
--1ui
tir;.i*r "

li ,'. !' r--.,'

!t I

x(.' o unel -a -t
I

Mu. M. ni;te
.
-i -,lor
i:

i,

Cp. niqte - unof" -le -1or

&',-.-..

)I(. nigt,e', unor .le -lof

I{e onp e4 e,t e nn nni a p r trxi rt
eTo oTAeJ'rbHoe cJroBo, cToflulee lepeA cyiIIecTBUTerb-
HbIM B clonapuoft $opr're.
Onpe4eteuuntfr aptLrxtn - aro qacrlrua, AorrucbrBaeMag K Kolruy cyruecrBr,rle./rbHoro
n cronapuofi $opue HJrr.r lroc"re coeAnHtrrelbirofi r,racHofi (o6tlrrro -u-).

v5
IIPI{JIOX(EHIIE 2.HEIIpAB1I.il6HBIE nnAFOJilbtr I ;; I lir i ; I': ;

--- ".",,
. .' A tl (Oltru)
Hacroflrqee BpeMfl, . ,', ,, ,',, .., ,, '.,.1" ,

Vrnejpn. $optua OtP,l4rt: rDpPUa :Conjun. Perf.Compus

'Imoerf.
flo.nrras. (xpatrar) flb,'liras (xparxas)
-1"
STnt ( is ) .sa fiu eram am,fost,
"q,ti+,t iplt ?) ,l ' i: '
ai fosf
2
,e$ti , ,
nu. qqti \ ,
SA i?i' erai i

'este ( e, ii')"'
o
4 fost
l

3 nu qste {iru-i) SA fie era

r
1 stntem nu sintem .sa fim eram am fost ,

{
2 sinte{i nu'sintefi' sa lltl erallafi fost I
i;
3 sint (, i,s ') 'nii dint (n,r-s). 'sp fie erau au fost ,

avea (nuerb)
Perf ,Compus

n-am s5 am I aveam am avut

n-ai s5 ai' I aveai ai avut
n-afe s5 aitrii I avea a avut
n-avem si hvem l: aveam arn avut
,n-ave{i s5 I
hve{i avea{i afi avut
n-au sH aib6 | aveau 0u avut
a lua (6parn)
Hacrosuee BpeIvIx flpoure4utee BpeMs
Vrnep4.$. Orplrq.$, Con.iunctiv Imperfcct Perf .Cornpus
1
lau nu rau sa lau. luam am luat
2 iei nu iei s6 iei luai ai luat
3 ia nu ia s:i ia lua a luat
1u
I IUam nu ludm si ludm luam am luat
I r.
2 luall nu lua{i s5 lua{i lua{i afi luat
3 iau nu iau s5 ia luau au luat
1i
 npr4rrolK EH.,E 4. ruIEHbI IIPEAJIO)KEHI,Ifl

COMPLEMENT TXOTNdCT
KOCBEHHOE AONO/IHEHI4E
cui?- KoMy? la ce?- qeMy?
cu cine?- KeM? cu ce?- qeM?
despre cine (ce)?- o KoM (.reM)?
de la cine?- Kolo? de ce?- arero?
i 'i : -..
': .t I
,'f j.

I ATRIBUT COX$PLEMENTDIRECT
4'
I onPEAEr.lEHI4E IIPflMOE nOIiOnHEHI,tE
|'
I
lr : care?' ,l i ..
pe.clne /- Kero?, *
1
ce fel de? [pe]ce? -.rro?
'1'
it -.{
KAKO}I/
l, l:ir.r
i
't ..

F'
'':'i
srrBrEcr
I
1.
f ,l
PREDICAT
[.
l1'
,:
'I!. i
t'
'rl .
'rIoAlEXAruEE
;

I 'cxRavrMbe,
'l'i i'
t.\
cine?- r<rb? .ce lace / - .I.ro 4el4r? ,
f^
I
'l$, ''\
t.,.
t,,:.
c€?- qro? ce a fScut? -".rro c'Aerr;t?
j.t'i'
[,
.i.!' Cg Va face? - qr^ .!rrAnr, er2
t.'
l;t

COMPLEMENT CIRCUMSTANTIAL
OECTO"flTENbCTBO
CUID?- xar?
unde?- rae?
cind?- xorla?

79