ow n a nd m a ke pred ict ions.

N a tu ra l la ngu a ge pro cessing (N LP ) fa c ilitate s c om m u nica ting w ith intellig ent syste m s u sing a
na tu ra l la ng ua g e.
V irtu a l re a lity a llow s a u ser to look a t, ex plo re, a nd intera c t w ith th e virtu a l su rrou nding s, ju st
like o ne c a n do in th e rea l w orld.
T h e su p erim p ositio n of co m pu ter-ge nera te d p erce ptu a l info rm ation o ve r th e e xisting ph ysic al
su rrou ndings is ca lled au g m ented rea lity.
Ro botic s c a n be define d a s th e science prim a rily asso ciate d w ith th e de sign, fa bric a tion,
th eo ry, a nd a p plica tion of robo ts.
B ig da ta h old s ric h inform a tion and know ledg e w h ich c a n be of h ig h bu sine ss va lue . Fiv e
ch a ra c teristics o f b ig da ta a re: V olu m e, Ve loc ity, Va rie ty, V era c ity, a nd Va lu e .
D a ta a na lytics is th e p roc ess o f e xa m ining da ta se ts in orde r to dra w conc lu sions ab ou t th e
inform a tion th ey c onta in.
Question 1: List some of the cloud-based services that you are using at present.

A nsw e r: (A ) Infra stru ctu re a s a S erv ic es (Ia a S ) – G oo gle D riv e, G it, G oo gle D oc s,

(B ) P la tfo rm a s a S erv ic es (P aa S ) – W e b Se rve r

(C ) S oftw a re as a S erv ice s (Sa a S ) – M ic rosoft O ic e 3 65,

Question 2: What do you understand by the Internet of Things? List some of its potential
applications.

A nsw e r: T h e 'Interne t of T h ings' is a netw o rk of de vices th a t h a ve a n em b edd ed h a rdw a re a nd

softw a re to c om m u nica te (conne ct a nd ex ch a nge da ta ) w ith o th er d ev ice s o n th e sa m e
netw ork.
A t p rese nt, in a ty pic al h ou se ho ld, m any dev ic es h a v e a d va nce d h a rd w a re (m ic roco ntrollers)
a nd so ftw a re . T he se dev ic es a re u sed in isola tio n fro m ea c h oth e r, w ith m ax im u m h u m a n
inte rve ntion
nee de d for o pera tiona l d irec tions and inpu t da ta . Io T tends to b ring t oge th er th e se d ev ice s to
w o rk in c olla bora tio n a nd a ssist ea c h oth er in c rea ting a n intellig ent ne tw ork o f things.
A pp lic a tion o f Io T -> A c cess a nd Re m otely c ontrol Io T on th e go w ith the h e lp o f sm a rtp h one
like C C T V C a m era , A ir C o nditio ner, D o or,L ock, M icro w a ve O v en, e tc.

Question 3: Write a short note on the following:

a) Cloud computing
A nsw e r: C lou d c om pu ting is a n em e rging trend in th e fie ld of inform a tion t ech nology , w h ere
co m pu ter-ba se d se rvice s a re d elive red ov er the Interne t or the c lou d, for th e c a se o f the ir
a cc essib ility form a nyw h e re u sing a ny sm a rt d ev ice . T he se rvic es com p rise soft w a re,
h a rdw a re (serv ers), da ta ba se s, stora ge , T h rou gh c lou d co m pu ting, a u ser c a n ru n a bigge r
a pp lic ation o r pro cess a la rge a m ou nt o f d a ta w ith o ut h a ving th e requ ire d stora ge or
pro ce ssing p ow e r on t he ir p erso na l co m pu ter as long a s th ey a re c onnec ted to t he Interne t.
C lo u d c om pu ting offe rs co st-e ffec tiv e, o n-de m a nd re sou rce s. A u ser ca n a v a il ne ed -b ase d
reso u rce s fro m th e clo ud a t a v ery rea so na b le cost.
b) Big data and its characteristics

A nsw e r: T h e gene ra tion o f da ta sets of enorm o u s vo lu m e and co m ple xity ca lled Big D a ta .
S u ch d ata ca nnot b e p roc essed a nd a na lyse d u sing tra ditiona l da ta pro ce ssing to ols as th e
da ta is not
only vo lu m inou s, b u t a lso u nst ruc tu red like ou r posts, insta nt m essa ge s a nd ch a ts,
ph o togra ph s th at w e sh are th ro ug h va riou s site s, ou r tw ee ts, blog a rticles, ne w s ite m s, op inion
po lls a nd th eir
co m m ents, a u dio/video ch a ts, e tc.

Characteristics of Big Data

a ) Vo lu m e - T h e m ost p rom ine nt ch a ra cte ristic of b ig d a ta is its eno rm ou s siz e.
b) V elo cit y - T h e ra te of ge nera tio n of da ta is ve ry h ig h . Big d ata ha s a n ex pone ntia lly h igh er
ra te of ge ne ra tion tha n trad itio nal da ta se ts.
c) V a riet y - It a sserts th at a da ta se t h a s v a ried da ta , su c h a s stru ctu re d, se m i-stru ctu red a nd
u nstru ctu re d da ta .
d) V era c ity - V era c ity re fe rs to th e tru stw orth ine ss of th e da ta . Big d ata ca n be som e tim es
inc onsiste nt, bia se d, noisy or th ere ca n b e a b no rm a lity in th e da ta or issu es w ith th e da ta
co lle ction m eth o ds.
e) V a lu e - Big da ta is not only ju st a big pile o f da ta , bu t a lso p ossess to h a v e h id den pa tterns
a nd u se fu l kno w le dge w h ich c a n be of h igh b u siness va lu e .

Question 4: Explain the following along with their applications.

A nsw e r:
Artificial Intelligence – A rtific ia l intellige nce (A I) is a tec hno log y th a t ena b les a com p u ter to
th ink o r a ct in a m ore h u m a n w a y. It d oes th is by ta king in inform a tion from its su rrou nd ings
a nd d ec iding its respo nse b ase d o n w h a t it le a rns or se nses.
A pp lic a tion a re a s of A I a re M a ch ine lea rning , N a tu ra l La ngu a ge P roce ssing, Robo tics,
B u siness a na lytics, d riv erle ss v eh ic les, etc .

b) Machine Learning
A nsw e r : M a c h ine Lea rning – M a c hine L ea rning is a n a p plic a tion of artificia l intellig ence (A I)
th a t pro vides system s t he a bility to a u tom a tic a lly lea rn and im pro ve from e xpe rie nce w ith ou t
be ing ex plic itly pro gra m m ed.
A ce ntra l co m pu ter serv er w ith sing le a cce ss po int a nd spa ns sev era l co m pu ting centre s. Like
G oo gle a nd A m a z on. A d ec entra liz ed syste m , w h ic h spa ns ge og rap h ica lly d istrib ute d sites
a nd la ck o f c entra l contro l.
V irtu a liz a tion of h ard w a re, softw a re a nd stora ge pla tform s. V irtu a liz a tion of da ta a nd
co m pu ting resou rc es.
G oo gle D riv e, O ne D rive , M obile A pplica tions G rid G ain, J PP F, J B ossC a ch e , Eh C a c he ,

Question 5: Differentiate between cloud computing and grid computing with suitable
examples.
Question 6: Justify the following statement- 'Storage of data is cost effective and time
saving in cloud computing.'

A nsw e r: In c lou d com p u ting, th e on-de m and serv ic es a re a va ila ble insta ntly a nd one h a s to
pa y only for th e se rvice a nd not for th e e ntire infra stru c tu re. T h u s, w h en one av a ils stora ge on
a c lou d, th ey
ju st pa y for th e sto ra ge th ey u se d a nd not for o th er infra stru ctu re , h enc e it is cost-effe ctive .
A nd since clou d se rvice s a re rea dily a v aila ble, th e se a re tim e -sa v ing too.

Question 7: What is on-demand service? How it is provided in cloud computing?

A nsw e r: O n-de m and serv ic es a llow u sers to u se a serv ice insta ntly a s a nd w h en re qu ire d. T h e
clou d serv ice s a re on-dem a nd serv ice s w h ich m a ke a va ilab le th e c lou d reso u rces a t ru n tim e ,
w h e n a nd
w h e re ne ede d. O n-de m a nd clou d se rvice s a llo w e nd u sers to u se clou d c om pu ting, stora g e,
softw a re a nd oth e r re sou rce s insta ntly a nd in m a ny ca ses w ith ou t lim its.

Question 8: Write examples of the following:

a ) G ov ernm e nt prov id ed clo u d c om pu ting pla tform
b ) L a rge sca le p riva te clou d serv ice pro viders a nd th e serv ice s th ey pro vid e

A nsw er: (a ) M egh R aj

(b) D rop box , G oo gle D riv e, O neD riv e - Th e y provide stora ge on dem a nd.
Question 9: A company interested in cloud computing is looking for a provider who offers a
set of basic services such as virtual server provisioning and on-demand storage that can be
combined into a platform for deploying and running customised applications. What type of
cloud computing model fits these requirements?

a) Platform as a Service
b) Software as a Service
c) Infrastructure as a Service

A nsw e r: (c) Infra stru ctu re a s a S e rvic e.

Question 10: Which is not one of the features of IoT devices?

a ) Rem o tely contro lla ble

b) P rogra m m a ble
c) C a n tu rn th e m selv es off if ne ce ssary
d) A ll of th e a bov e

A nsw e r: (b) Prora m m ab le

Question 11: If Government plans to make a smart school by applying IoT concepts, how can
each of the following be implemented in order to transform a school into IoT enabled smart
school?
a) e-textbooks
b) Smart boards
c) Online tests
d) Wifi sensors on classrooms doors
e) Sensors in buses to monitor their location
f) Wearables (watches or smart belts) for attendance
monitoring.

A nsw e r:
e-te xtb ooks - c a n be im p lem e nt ed using IoT re a dy ta b lets or sm a rtph o ne.
S m a rtboa rd s - ca n c onnec t to th e sc h ool's e -c onte nt rep osito ry a nd c a n u pda te a bo ut th e
co ntent u sa ge .
O nline T ests - ca n be ca rried ou t u sing IoT de vices, w h ic h ca n m a ke a va ila ble th e c entra lize d
test s a nd c an rec ord stud ents' m ov em e nts du ring th e te st.
W iFi se nso rs- on c la ss do ors c a n h elp c rea te th e c la ss net w ork, w h ich c a n be u sed by th e
tea c h ers a nd stu dents.
S ensors in bu se s - e nh a nce se cu rity a nd ke ep pa rents a nd sch oo l a u th orities w ell-info rm ed.
W e a ra ble s - fo r a ttend a nc e m o nitoring w ill ensu re c orre ct and u pda te d a tte nda nce rec ords a t
a ll tim es.
Question 12: Five friends plan to try a startup. However, they have a limited budget and
limited computer infrastructure. How can they avail the benefits of cloud services to launch
their startup?
A nsw e r: T h ey ca n u se som e fre e se rv ice s a va ila ble on pu blic c lou d s su ch a s G o ogle D rive ,
A W S (A m a zo n W e b S ervic es) etc .

Question 13: Governments provide various scholarships to students of different classes.

Prepare a report on how blockchain technology can be used to promote accountability,
transparency and efficiency in distribution of scholarships?

A nsw e r: U sing blockc h a in, a c om plete tra il of all th e sch o la rsh ips allotte d a nd th e a llote e's
de ta ils w ill be a va ila ble . Blockc h a in w ill e nsu re th a t it is a va ilab le to a ll th e clients a nd ca nnot
be co m prise d o r forge d. T h us, it w ill prom o te a c cou nta bility, tra nspa renc y a nd e fficiency in th e
distribu tio n of sch o la rsh ips.

Question 14: How IoT and WOT are related?

A nsw e r: IoT (Inte rnet of Th ing s) is a bo u t cre a ting a ne tw o rk of ob je cts, th ings, p eop le, system s
a nd a p plic a tions. W O T (W e b of Th ing s) t ries to inte gra te th e o bjec ts, th ing s a nd pe op le, etc. to
th e W eb u sing ex isting w eb sta nda rds. IoT ne ed s a sing le unive rsal a pp lic ation p rotoc ol to
inte gra te th e
th ings. W O T reu se s a nd le ve ra ge s rea d ily av a ila b le and w idely po pu la r W eb proto cols,
sta nda rds a nd blue prints to m a ke da ta a nd serv ice s offe red by obje cts m o re a c ce ssible . In
ov era ll bo th IoT a nd W O T prov id es a fa cility to c ontrol th e d iffere nt de vice s rem o tely by u sing
S m a rtph one or L a ptop or
D e sktop.

Question 15: Match the following:

Question 16: Governments provide various scholarships to students of diferent classes.

Prepare a report on how blockchain technology can be used to promote accountability,
transparency and eficiency in distribution of scholarships?
A nsw e r: U sing blockc h a in, a c om plete tra il of all th e sch o la rsh ips allotte d a nd th e a llote e’ s
de ta ils w ill be a va ila ble . Blockc h a in w ill e nsu re th a t it is a va ilab le to a ll th e clients a nd ca nnot
be co m prise d o r forge d. T h us, it w ill prom o te a c cou nta bility, tra nspa renc y a nd e icienc y in th e
distribu tio n of sch o la rsh ips.