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Ayurvedic Concept of Allergy in Reference to Diet and Regimen

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Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy
Volume 2, Issue 2, ISSN: 2278- 2214
__________________________________________________________________________________________

Ayurvedic Concept of Allergy in Reference to Diet


and Regimen
Sarvesh Kumar Singh1, Kshipra Rajoria2, Mahendra Prasad3*
1
Lecturer, P. G. Department of Panchkarma, NIA, Jaipur, India
2
Lecturer, Department of Panchkarma, S. S. S. V. Ayurvedic College and Hospital, Kishangarh,
Rainwal, Jaipur, India
3
Lecturer, P. G. Department of Sharir Kriya, NIA, Jaipur, India

Abstract
Life of man depends on three main sub-pillars; these are Ahar, nidra and brahmacharya.
Ahar plays very important role to provide strength, complexion and lifespan. Nowadays,
human life is too busy to fulfill his lawful diet. Some diets are incompatible, unwholesome
while some are wholesome. Unwholesome and incompatible produce untoward skin
diseases. Foods that are not suited to body produce allergy. Udard, koth,
raktapradoshaja vikara and shitapitta are allergic disorders. Incompatibility may be due
to weight, rasa, veerya and vipaka. Other factors are fish, meat, vegetables, honey, fruit,
diet, place and pulses. They are divided into Satmya and Asatmya. Jati asatmya –
Gomamsa to Manushya, Ritu asatmya – Rituviparita, Roga asatmya – curds in Shotha.
Vyayama asatmya – excessive exercise by weak person – (Stress test in CCF). Udaka
asatmya – water of different places is unpalatable. Divaswapna asatmya – Shvasa,
Timira, C. C. F. Rasa asatmya. Honey and ghee should not be taken together because
they are viruddha. Such viruddhas are of many types and produce allergy.

Keywords: allergy, unwholesome, incompatible, viruddha

*Author for Correspondence E-mail: mprasadmahendra5@gmail.com

INTRODUCTION “Ojovyapat” [3]. Both intrinsic and extrinsic


Life of modern man is far removing from the causes of Ojovyapat are described in
rules of nature. In fact, there has been a drastic Ayurveda at various places.
change in his day-to-day activities including
his lifestyle, food, sexual life and medication. Allergy is defined as a disorder in which the
The intake of canned food, intoxicating body becomes hypersensitive to particular
beverages, eating and sleeping at irregular antigens, which provoke characteristic
intervals, usage of various types of synthetic symptoms whenever they are subsequently
drugs, uncontrolled and unhealthy sexual encountered, whether inhaled, ingested,
activities have taken modern man to a world, injected or otherwise contacted. Allergic
where immunity is declining day by day and condition in any person develops due to
many new diseases are evolving. response of his body system with allergens.
Thus, presence of allergen is a basic need for
Ayurveda has explained various types of generation of pathology, resulting in
diseases and or symptoms that are similar to manifestation of allergy. According to
“allergy.” Acharya Charaka has described Ayurveda the substances which are basically in
some allergic disorders, e.g., Udarda under juxtaposition to dhatus and body are
Kaphananatmaja vyadhi [1] and Kotha under considered as allergens.
Raktapradoshaja vikara [2]. Acharya Bhava
Prakasha and Madhav have also described According to Ayurveda, the different ways and
Shitapitta under allergic disorder. means by which a substance becomes
unwholesome or allergen to an individual is
There is altered immune response in allergy. explained under the concept of Viruddha,
This condition in Ayurveda is described as Satmya and Asatmya.

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Viruddha Ahar (The unwholesome dietetics): combination (Samyoga), by their incompatible


The food articles which derange body tissues preparations, by their objectionable
in their own state have been stated as Ahitkar proportions, by their incompatible taste,
or unwholesome. They are basically in potencies and digestive transformations [8].
juxtaposition to dhatus [4]. Viruddahara leads Vagbhat has also dealt about the
to Ama formation. Ama thereby produced incompatibility of food. In comparison, the
acquires toxic potency and exhibits toxic view of Charaka is more clear and appropriate,
symptom [5]. Chakrapani explains that as while mentioning the incompatibility of
conversion of Ama to visharupa is because of dietetic articles, he has dealt with the causes
amajanakahetu vishesha prabhava and effects also. Keeping in view these
(idiosyncrasy) as seen in equal quantity principles of unwholesome of diet described
administration of honey and ghee [6]. Keeping by Charaka, Sushruta and Vagbhat, the
this principle in view, Maharshi Charak and different types of food articles and their
Vagbhat have detected some dietetic articles combinations are dealt with in detail.
as naturally unwholesome (swabhawik).
Considering all the dietetic categories, he says Incompatibility of Combination
that among all cereals having bristles Yavaka The flesh of any domestic (Gramya) or aquatic
(barley) is most unwholesome. Similarly, (Anupa) beast or bird, as well as the flesh of
among all pulses, the Masha (blackgram); those which live in marshy ground (Audaka)
among various types of drinking water, the should not be eaten with boiled rice prepared
river water in rainy season; among all salts, the from paddy which has commenced sprouting
Ushara (salt collected/prepared from saline or with the lard, honey, milk, treacle or Masha
soil); among all potherbs, the mustard; among (blackgram). The potherbs known as the
all animal meats, the beef; among all birds Rohini and the Jatu-Shaka, should not be
(meat), the dove; among the animals living in partaken of in combination with milk or
holes, the frog; among all ghee, the ghee of honey, nor the flesh of the heron, eaten
sheep; among all milk, the milk of sheep; simultaneously with Kulmasha (a food
among all vegetable fats, the oil of Kusumbha prepared from barley) and the spirituous liquor
(Canthamus tinctorius); among the fats of known as Varun. Maricha (black-pepper) and
marshy animals, the fat of buffalo; among the Pippali (Long-pepper) should not be eaten in
fat of aquatic animals, the fat of Kakamudga combination with the pot-herbs known as the
(waterfoul); among the fats of gallinaceous Kakamachi and Nadishaka should not be eaten
type of birds, fat of Chatak (sparrow); among simultaneously. Sura (wine) Krishara and
the fats of all branch eating animals, the fat of Payasa should not be taken in combination.
elephant; among all the fruits, the fruit of Similarly, Souviraka and Sesamum paste, fish
Nikucha (Atrocarpus nikucha); among all the and modification of sugarcane juice, treacle
rhizomes and roots, the root of Aluka; among and Kakamachi, honey and Mulakam, treacle
all the preparation of sugarcane, the Phanita is and the flesh of a wild bear or honey and
regarded as most unwholesome [7]. bear’s flesh should not be taken in
combination. Similarly, milk and Mulakam,
All the dietetic articles possess their certain mango fruit, Jamboline fruit and the flesh of
inherent qualities and based on that their Godha, porcupine and hog should not be eaten
effects are seen on the body. The together. All fish should not be taken with
unwholesome effect of the food articles, in milk, nor should the fruit of a plantain tree be
addition to its inherent qualities are also simultaneously eaten with Tala fruits, milk or
governed by several other factors which are as whey. The fruit Lakucha should not be taken
follows. (1) Some act due to their mutually with milk, curd or meat soup, nor with honey
contradictory qualities, (2) some by and clarified butter, nor immediately before or
combination (Samyoga), (3) some by method after the drinking of milk [9]. He further says
of preparation (Samskara), (4) some by virtue regarding the incompatible preparation of food
of place (Desha) land and body, time (Kala), that the flesh of pigeon fried with mustard oil,
Dose (Matra) and (5) some other by their should not be eaten. The flesh of Kapinjala,
(inherent) nature. Supporting these principles, Lava, Titira and Godha, boiled with castor oil
Maharashi Sushruta says that some drugs and and on a fire of the twigs of castor plants,
diet become unwholesome by their should not be eaten. Clarified butter, kept in a

JoAYUSH (2013) 1-10 © STM Journals 2013. All Rights Reserved Page 2
Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy
Volume 2, Issue 2, ISSN: 2278- 2214
__________________________________________________________________________________________

vessel of Indian bell metal for ten consecutive their respective potencies, flavor and digestive
days, should be rejected as unwholesome. (chemical) action or transformation [12].
Honey should not be used in combination with
an article or substance heated by fire or in the Substances that are incompatible with or
season of summer and autumn. The pot-herbs antagonistic to the system through a difference
known as the Kakamachai, boiled in a bowl in of degree or intensity are well as things which
which fish or ginger had been previously bring about an extreme dryness of the
boiled or prepared, should be rejected as organism, or those which are extremely oily in
positively injurious. Similarly, the pot-herbs their composition or are characterized by
known as Upodika (Spinach) should not be extreme cold or warmth should be rejected
eaten by boiling them with levigated paste of [13]. While considering the effects of
sesamum. incompatibility of diets, by taking substances
which are incompatible to one another as
Incompatibility by Weight regards their tastes, potencies and digestive
The objectionable proportions (Mana) like two transformation, a greedy and intemperate
oily substances (such as oil and clarified person becomes afflicted with disease and
butter) or honey and any of the oily weakness of the sense organs and ultimately
substances, mixed in equal proportions, should meets his doom [14]. Some more incompatible
not be taken; nor should rain water be drunk diets are mentioned.
immediately after having taken honey and
clarified butter [11]. The fish should not be taken together with
milk because both of them have sweet taste,
Incompatibility of Rasa, Veerya and Vipakas but due to the contradiction in their potency
Moreover, Sushruta deals with incompatible (fish is hot and milk is cold) they vitiate the
tastes, potencies and chemical reactions as blood and obstruct the channel of circulation
following. Regarding the tastes, sweet and and cause constipation and diseases relating to
acid tastes or sweet and saline tastes should be blood and it may even lead to death [15].
deemed incompatible to each other in respect The meat of domestic, marshy and aquatic
to their potencies and inherent properties. animals should not be taken together with
Sweet and acid taste are incompatible to each honey, sesamum seeds, sugar candy, milk,
other in all the above respects. Similarly, Masha (blackgram), radish, lotus stalk or
sweet and bitter or sweet or astringent should germinated grains. By doing so, one gets
be deemed incompatible to each other in afflicted with deafness, blindness, trembling,
respect of their tastes and chemical action. loss of intelligence, loss of voice and nasal
Acid and saline things are incompatible to voice; it may even cause death [16].
each other as regards their flavor. Acid and
acrid things are incompatible as regards flavor One should not take vegetable of Pushkara
and chemical action. Acid and bitter or acid (Nelumbo nucifera) and Rohini or meat of
and astringent things are incompatible to each Kapota (dove) fried in mustard oil together
other, both regards their respective flavors, with honey and milk, for this obstructs
potencies and digestive or chemical channels of circulation and causes dilatation of
transformations. Saline and pungent things are blood vessels, epilepsy Sankhaka (a disease of
incompatible to each other as regards their the head characterized by acute pain in
respective flavor (Rasa) and digestive temporal region), Galaganda (scrofula),
(chemical) transformation. Similarly, saline Rohini (diphtheria) or even death [17].
and bitter things or saline and astringent things
are incompatible to each other in respect of all Milk should not be taken after the intake of
the three above-said relations and categories, radish, garlic, Krushnagandha (Moringa
pungent and bitter tastes are incompatible to oleifera), Arjaka (Ocimum gratissimum),
each other in respect of flavor and digestive Sumukha, Surasa (Ocimum sanctum), etc. This
transformation whereas substances of pungent may cause obstinate skin diseases including
and astringent or bitter and astringent tastes leprosy [18].
are incompatible to one another as regards

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Leaves of Jatuka (Ferula narehex) or ripe fruit and Kakamachi mixed with honey causes
of Nikucha (Artocarpus lakoocha) should not death [25].
be taken with honey and milk. It may cause
loss of strength, complexion and semen, Honey: Hot honey or intake of honey by a
sterility and other serious types of diseases person afflicted with heat causes death. Honey
which may lead to death [19]. and ghee, honey and rain water both in equal
quantity, honey together with the seeds of
Ripe fruit of Nikucha should not be taken with Puskara (Nelumbo nucifera), intake of hot
the soup Masha (black gram), sugar candy and water after taking honey, Bhallataka
ghee because they are mutually contradictory (Semecarpus anacardium) together with hot
[20]. water should be avoided [26].

Amra (mango), Matulunga (Citrus decuman), Milk Preparation: The Payasa (milk
Nikucha, Karamarda (Kamrak), Mocha preparation) when taken with Manth (thin
(banana), Dantashtha (Citrus medica), Badara gruel) is unwholesome and they aggravate
(Zizyphus jujuba), Kosamra, Bhavya (Dillenia Dosha specially Kapha. Upodika (Basella
indica), Jambava (Syzygium cumini), Kapitha rubra) prepared with the paste of Tila
(Feronia limonia), Tintidik (Tamarindus (sesamum indicum) causes diarrhea [27].
indica), meat of Paravta (pigeon), Akhsoda Furthermore, the drugs and diets that dislodge
(Fuglans regia), Panasa (Artocarpus the various doshas but do not expel them out
heterophyllus), Narikela (Coconut), Dadima of the body are to be regarded as
(Punica granatum), Amalaka (Emblica unwholesome [28].
officinalis) and such other solid and liquid
materials which are sour in taste become While considering the other unwholesome
mutually contradictory when taken with milk factors of diet and drugs like variance with
[21]. place, time, power of digestion, dosages, habit,
Dosha, mode of preparation, potency, bowel,
Pulses: Similarly, Kangu (Setaria italica), state of health, order, proscriptions and
Vanaka, Makustha (Phaseolus aconitifolius), prescriptions, cooking, combination,
Kulattha, (Dolichos biforus), Masha palatability, richness of quality and rules of
(Phaseolus radiatus), Nispava, when taken eating are unwholesome [29]. They are
with milk are mutually contradictory [22]. illustrated below. Incompatibility of food also
affects with desha. Intake of dry and sharp
Shaka: Padma (Nelumbo nucifera), leaves of substance in deserts and unctuous, cold
Uttarika, Sharkara type of wine, Maireya type substance in marshy land [30] is
of wine and honey, if taken together, are unwholesome. According to seasonal
unwholesome and they aggravate Dosha variation, diet should be taken against guna of
specially Vata. weather likewise intake of cold and dry
substance in winter, pungent and hot substance
Meat: Meat of Haridraka bird, fried with in the summer [31] is incompatible to health.
mustard oil is unwholesome and they Intake of heavy food when the power of
aggravate Dosa and specially Pittam [23]. digestion is low (Mandagni) creates lots of
Meat of crane either with Varuni type of wine discomfort and intake of light food having
or Kulmasa (paste of barley mixed with hot power of digestion [32] is sharp (Tikshnagni).
water and slightly boiled so as to form a cake It produces abdominal discomfort. Certain
is called Kulmasa) is unwholesome, again if dietetics should not be intermixed when taken
fried with lard; it will cause instantaneous in. Intake of honey and ghee [33] in equal
death [24]. Meat of peacock roasted on a quantity is forbidden.
castor spit, if burned with castor wood fuel and
mixed with castor oil, causes instantaneous Intake of sweet and cold substance by persons
death. Similarly, the meat of Haridraka roasted accustomed to pungent and hot substance [34]
on a turmeric spit and burned with the fuel of same time, is beneficial consider as Satmya. In
turmeric wood and when mixed with ashes, relation to dosha, use of diet and regimen
dusts and honey, causes instantaneous death. similar qualities but variance with the habit of
Pippali (Piper longum) prepared with fish fat the individual [35], drugs and diets prepared in

JoAYUSH (2013) 1-10 © STM Journals 2013. All Rights Reserved Page 4
Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy
Volume 2, Issue 2, ISSN: 2278- 2214
__________________________________________________________________________________________

a particular way produce poisonous effect the year, should prescribe a diet which he
[36], diet substances having cold potency in thinks the most proper and suitable to the
combination with those of hot potency [37], requirements of the case [48]. Emphasizing the
administration of mild purgative in a small effects of unwholesome diet, the milk often
dose for a person of constipated bowel or krur acts like poison, if given without proper
koshthi and administration of strong purgatives consideration, and on the other hand the
in strong doses for a person having relaxed poison also acts like best medicine, if
bowel or mrudu koshthi is incompatible [38]. administered properly [49].
Intake of Vata aggravating food by a person
after exhaustion, sexual act and physical The ill effects produced by incompatible diet
exercise or intake of Kapha aggravating food as explained by Hemadri are that some types
by a person after sleep or drowsiness is of unwholesome diets may lead to immediate
unwholesome [39]. If a person takes food fatality just like poison, some diets may lead to
before his bowel and urinary bladder are clear delayed mortality and some types of
(empty) or when he does not have appetite or unwholesome diets may lead to generation of
after his hunger has been aggravated are called different diseases [50]. Ayurvedic concepts
Krama Virudham [40]. Use of hot things after related to ill effect of incompatable diet
taking pork, etc., and cold thing after taking understood very well with the concept of
ghee is unwholesome [41, 42]. Preparation of modern science. Sadhya nasha or immediate
food, etc., with bad or rotten fuel and fatality can be correlated with anaphylactic
undercooking, overcooking or burning during shock. Kalantara Nasha or delayed, latent
the process of preparation [43], any substance fatality can be correlated with cell-mediated
which is not pleasant in taste [44], intake of (delayed) hypersensitivity reactions.
food substance is not matured, over-matured
or putrefied [45] and taking meals in society is Conditions those Interfere with the
always unwholesome [46]. Viruddha Janya Ill Effects
There are a few factors that control or
Diseases Caused by Unwholesome Diet neutralize the hazardous effects of
Intake of unwholesome food is responsible for incompatible food in the body.
the causation of sterility, blindness, Visarpa  The doshas do not produce disorders
(an obstinate skin disease characterized by an immediately in those who indulge in
acute spread), ascitis, eruptions, insanity, unhealthy practices (food, activities, etc.)
fistula, fainting, intoxication, tympanitis, as long as there is hindrance to their
spasmodic obstruction in throat, anemia, increase by the dushyas, which are of
poisoning due to Ama, Kilasa type of skin opposite qualities. Individuals with
disease, obstinate skin disease including optimum vyadhikshamatva will not get
leprosy, sprue, edema, acid dyspepsia, fever, affected by incompatible food and
rhinitis, fetal disease and even death. It has regimen [51].
been reported that the diseases caused by the  By different combinations, unhealthy food
intake of unwholesome diets and drugs can be ingredients sometimes lose their bad
cured by emesis, purgation or administration qualities and become non-injurious.
of antidotes and by taking prophylactic Combinations of ingredients having only
measures [47]. Showing more seriousness to opposite qualities produce ill effects, e.g.,
unwholesome diet are incompatible to one honey and ghee in equal quantity along
another as regards their tastes, potencies and with Triphala churna combination is not
digestive transformation, a greedy and viruddha [52].
intemperate person gets afflicted with disease  The combination of curd, milk, etc., may
and weakness of the sense organs as well as not be incompatible when the combined
ultimately meets his doom. Thus, an intelligent effect of the recipe is antagonistic to the
physician considering the nature of the dosha, dushya, bala, kala, etc., e.g.,
disease, the strength and temperament of the Lashuna Ksheera [53], Panchashrya, etc.
patient and the state of his digestion as well as  Incompatible food, regimes, etc., do not
the seat of the affection the physical features cause adverse reactions in the persons
of the country and thin prevailing season of

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Ayurvedic Concept of Allergy Singh et al.
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fortified with regular exercise, oleation of Dhatus and vitiate doshas are considered as
have optimum digestive power, youthful Ahita (59). All the modalities of treatment
and optimum bala [54] (immunity). such as hetu, vyadhi, hetu vyadhi viparita and
 Artificial homologation (Kritrima Satmya hetu, vyadhi, hetu-vyadhi viparitarthakari-
Karma) of unwholesome substances will Anna, Aushadha and Vihara which result into
not produce adverse effects after amelioration are termed upashaya and the
habituation [55]. same when prove to be detrimental to health
 Accustomed food even when taken in are anupashaya. Thus, almost anything can
excess does not vitiate dosha [56]. become allergen [60]. The partaking of both
 Though hot milk has hot property and its pathya and apathya together is termed
madhura rasa is shita (cold), apparently Samashana and it is harmful [61]. Eating
viruddha, does not vitiate dosha [57]. again after a meal when previous meal is yet
undigested [62] is adhyashana. To eat before
Other Allergens or after the appropriate time is vishamashana
Apart from the Viruddha allergens, following [63]. One disease when becomes the cause of
factors can also be considered as allergens like another (e.g., Cor-Pulomonale). Few other
Apathya, Ahita, Anupashaya, Samashana, examples are: Raktapitta from Jwar, Shotha;
Adhyashana, Vishamashana, Nidanarthakara, Kasa and Kshaya from Pratishyaya [64].
Manasa. Inappropriate sound, touch, vision, taste and
smell have been also considered to produce
The substance that is not harmful to the body asatmya (allergic) [65]. Mental emotions
and mind is known as Pathya and conversely evolving should be retaining in mind so these
all the things which prove to be harmful are are consider as Dharaniya urges. The
apathya [59]. There are a lot of apathya wholesome food also taken in proper quantity
substances. Some are pollens, mold spares, does not get digested and produces ama
aerosols and volatile chemicals. Non- (toxin) due to anxiety, grief, fear, anger,
immunological contact substances are plant uncomfortable bed and vigil [66]. The
(nuts), animals like caterpillar and jellyfish, substances to which the body becomes
medications like dimethyl sulphoxide, accustomed after prolonged use and which do
uncertain mechanism for contact of not cause deleterious effects are Satmya.
ammonium sulphate in hair bleaches. Some Satmya is the homologues of a substance by
chemicals, foods, textiles, wood, saliva, the habit of using it for a long period. Satmya
cosmetics and perfumes are apathya. Physical can be a hita or an ahita. All those substances
stimuli, exercise induced anaphylactic which are not homologated or compatible to
syndrome, solar, cold, heat, vibrations and the body either be they hita/ahita are Asatmya
water create over reaction. The food articles (allergens) [67].
and behavior that do not maintain the harmony

Classification of Satmya
All samhitas Sushruta [69] Charaka [70] Hemadri [71]
Ajanma Satmya 1. Desha (i) Bhumi 1. Ritu 1. Kritrima satmya Asatmya
1. Pravara (ii) Atura 2. Oka 2. Akritrima satmya asatmya
2. Madhyama 2. Jati 3. Desha (a) Nirupadhika
3. Avara [68] 3. Ritu 4. Roga (b) Sopadhika
4. Roga
5. Vyayama
6. Udaka
7. Divaswapna

As per lexicon and samhitas, Satmya are three medium. Hemadri has classified the concept of
types according to symptoms. These are satmya as Kritrima and Akritrima. Kritrima
Pravar, madhyam and avar. Getting (artificial) satmya is the condition in which the
accustomed to all the tastes is best and to only body grows accustomed to even potentially
one taste is poor and to two or more tastes is harmful substances after prolonged use

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Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy
Volume 2, Issue 2, ISSN: 2278- 2214
__________________________________________________________________________________________

(conditioning or desensitization therapy). contraindicated if person using amla rasa


Akritrima or natural satmya is further divided enhances amlapita.
into two types Nirupadhika (independent) and
Sopadhika (dependent). Nirupadhika satmya is CONCLUSIONS
independent of dosha, desha, kala, etc. All Ayurveda conceives the idea of allergy and
sada pathya substances are nirupadhika intolerance (asatmya) is caused by a variety of
satmya, e.g., Shashtika, Shathi, Mudga, water, unwanted endogenous and exogenous
milk, ghee, etc. Sopadhika satmya is the materials and way of life. Concept of
accordance with dosha, Prakriti, desha, etc. Virudhahar or unwholesome diet in relation to
Entire aushadhi are considered as sopadhika allergy is very relevant in the present context.
satmya. Asatmya is due to intermixing of
disproportionate diet causing long-term toxic
Asatmya are categorized as kritrima asatmya, effect on body. They are desha, jati, ritu, roga,
nirupadhika and sopadhika. Sopadhika vyayam, udaka, diwaswapna and rasa. For
asatmya is evident only when dosha, prakriti, management of various allergic problems, one
desha, etc., are favorable. Kritrima satmya should consider all these points in the mind
may become sopadhika asatmya and vice and treatment should be planned accordingly.
versa for, e.g., kritrima satmya of a previous By this way, we would be able to treat various
season becomes sopadhika asatmya in the types of allergies which are much difficult to
successive season. If ushna kritrima satmyata treat.
in varsha is continued in sharada ritu then it
vitiates pitta as it is sopadhika asatmya. REFERENCES
Acharya Indu clarifies that incompatible food 1. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
even if made kritrima satmya has only commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
temporary comforts and becomes incompatible Academy, Varanasi. 1st volume.
in the long run [72]. Thus, nirupadhika satmya Sutrasthan 20/17.
is pathya and sopadhika satmya is aushadha. 2. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
Together they form upashaya and conversely commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
nirupadhika asatmya and sopadhika asatmya Academy, Varanasi. 1st volume.
together form anupashaya. Satmya and Sutrasthan 28.
asatmya can be classified into eight types, first 3. Ambika Dutt Shastri. Susruta Samhita
one is desha. It is again divided into two parts Sutrasthan 15 Ayurvedatatvasandipika.
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categorized into samudaya (whole). Loss and Varanasi.
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poison, this is because visha qualities are sutrasthan 9/25 Chaukhambha Sanskrita
opposite nature of dhatu and eka deshaja (a Sansthan. Varanasi.
part of body or dhatu) Intake of kshar leads to 5. Dr. Ravi Dutta Tripathi. Ashtang Sangraha
destruction of shukra dhatu and loss of sutrasthan 8/13, Chaukhambha Sanskrita
strength. Second is jati asatmya like gomamsa Sansthan. Varanasi.
and manushya. Third is ritu asatmya ejection 6. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Commentary by
of diet against season (ritu) is known as Cakrapani. Vaidya Jadavji Trikamji
rituviparita. Fourth one is roga asatmya in Acarya (Ed.). Chaukambha Sanskrit
which apathya are not taken in diseased Sansthan. 1994, on C.S.Vi.1/12.
conditions. Curd taken in Shotha is roga 7. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
asatmya. Fifth one is Vyayama asatmya. In commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
such conditions, excessive exercise is Academy, Varanasi. 1st volume.
performed by weak persons. Sixth one is Sutrasthan 25/39.
Udaka asatmya. In this reference, water of 8. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
different places is unpalatable. Seventh is commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
divaswapna asatmya. Day time sleeping is Academy, Varanasi. 1st volume.
prohibited in some diseases. In shvasa and Sutrasthan 26/81
timira, sleeping is asatmya. Eighth is Rasa 9. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
asatmya. Amla rasa in Amlapitta is commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya

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Academy, Varanasi. 1st volume. 23. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini


Sutrasthan 20/13 commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
10. Ambika Dutt Shastri. Susruta Samhita Academy, Varanasi. 1st
Sutrasthan 20/14 volume.Sutrasthan 26/83.
“Ayurvedatatvasandipika” chaukhambha 24. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
Sanskrita Sansthan. 221001 Varanasi. commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
11. Ambika Dutt Shastri. Susruta Samhita Academy, Varanasi. 1st
Sutrasthan 20/15 volume.Sutrasthan 26/83.
“Ayurvedatatvasandipika” chaukhambha 25. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
Sanskrita Sansthan. 221001 Varanasi. commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
12. Ambika Dutt Shastri. Susruta Samhita Academy, Varanasi. 1st
Sutrasthan 20/16 volume.Sutrasthan 26/83.
“Ayurvedatatvasandipika” chaukhambha 26. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
Sanskrita Sansthan. 221001 Varanasi. commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
13. Ambika Dutt Shastri. Susruta Samhita Academy, Varanasi. 1st
Sutrasthan 20/17 volume.Sutrasthan 26/83.
“Ayurvedatatvasandipika” chaukhambha 27. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
Sanskrita Sansthan. 221001 Varanasi. commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
14. Ambika Dutt Shastri. Susruta Samhita Academy, Varanasi. 1st
Sutrasthan 20/19 volume.Sutrasthan 26/83.
“Ayurvedatatvasandipika” chaukhambha 28. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
Sanskrita Sansthan. 221001 Varanasi. commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
15. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini Academy, Varanasi. 1st
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya volume.Sutrasthan 26/85.
Academy, Varanasi. 1st 29. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
volume.Sutrasthan 26/82-83. commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
16. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini Academy, Varanasi. 1st
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya volume.Sutrasthan 26/86-87.
Academy, Varanasi. 1st 30. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
volume.Sutrasthan 26/83. commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
17. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini Academy, Varanasi. 1st
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya volume.Sutrasthan 26/88.
Academy, Varanasi. 1st 31. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
volume.Sutrasthan 26/83. commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
18. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini Academy, Varanasi. 1st
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya volume.Sutrasthan 26/89.
Academy, Varanasi. 1st 32. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
volume.Sutrasthan 26/83. commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
19. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini Academy, Varanasi. 1st
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya volume.Sutrasthan 26/90.
Academy, Varanasi. 1st 33. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
volume.Sutrasthan 26/83. commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
20. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini Academy, Varanasi. 1st
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya volume.Sutrasthan 26/90.
Academy, Varanasi. 1st 34. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
volume.Sutrasthan 26/83. commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
21. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini Academy, Varanasi. 1st
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya volume.Sutrasthan 26/91.
Academy, Varanasi. 1st 35. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
volume.Sutrasthan 26/83. commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
22. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini Academy, Varanasi. 1st
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya volume.Sutrasthan 26/92.
Academy, Varanasi. 1st 36. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
volume.Sutrasthan 26/83. commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya

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Volume 2, Issue 2, ISSN: 2278- 2214
__________________________________________________________________________________________

Academy, Varanasi. 1st 50. Hemadri on A.H.S.7/29.


volume.Sutrasthan 26/92. 51. Dr. Ravi Dutta Tripathi. Ashtang Sangraha
37. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini sutrasthan 9/60, Chaukhambha Sanskrita
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya Sansthan. Varanasi.
Academy, Varanasi. 1st 52. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Commentary by
volume.Sutrasthan 26/93. Cakrapani. Vaidya Jadavji Trikamji
38. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini Acarya (Ed.). Chaukambha Sanskrit
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya Sansthan. 1994, on C.S.Su.26/102.
Academy, Varanasi. 1st 53. Indu on A.S.S.9/14.
volume.Sutrasthan 26/94. 54. Dr. Ravi Dutta Tripathi. Ashtang Sangraha
39. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini sutrasthan 9/13, Chaukhambha Sanskrita
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya Sansthan. Varanasi.
Academy, Varanasi. 1st 55. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
volume.Sutrasthan 26/96. commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
40. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini Academy, Varanasi. 1st
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya volume.Sutrasthan.26/104.
Academy, Varanasi. 1st 56. Dr. Ravi Dutta Tripathi. Ashtang Sangraha
volume.Sutrasthan 26/97. sutrasthan 7/234, Chaukhambha Sanskrita
41. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini Sansthan. Varanasi.
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya 57. Dalhan on Su.S.S.20/19.
Academy, Varanasi. 1st 58. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
volume.Sutrasthan 26/98. commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
42. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini Academy, Varanasi. 1st
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya volume.Sutrasthan.25/45.
Academy, Varanasi. 1st 59. Dr. Ravi Dutta Tripathi. Ashtang
volume.Sutrasthan 26/98. Sangraha, Chaukhambha Sanskrita
43. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini Sansthan. Varanasi. Sutrasthan 10/8.
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya 60. Dr. Ravi Dutta Tripathi. Ashtang
Academy, Varanasi. 1st Sangraha, Chaukhambha Sanskrita
volume.Sutrasthan 26/99. Sansthan. Varanasi. Viman sthan1/10.
44. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini 61. Dr. Ravi Dutta Tripathi. Ashtang
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya Sangraha, Chaukhambha Sanskrita
Academy, Varanasi. 1st Sansthan. Varanasi. Sutrasthan 10/34.
volume.Sutrasthan 26/100. 62. Dr. Ravi Dutta Tripathi. Ashtang
45. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini Sangraha, Chaukhambha Sanskrita
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya Sansthan. Varanasi. Sutrasthan 10/34.
Academy, Varanasi. 1st 63. Dr. Ravi Dutta Tripathi. Ashtang
volume.Sutrasthan 26/101. Sangraha, Chaukhambha Sanskrita
46. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini Sansthan. Varanasi. Sutrasthan 10/34
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya 64. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
Academy, Varanasi. 1st commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
volume.Sutrasthan 26/102-103. Academy, Varanasi. 1st
47. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini volume.Chikitsasthan8/21.
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya 65. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
Academy, Varanasi. 1st commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
volume.Sutrasthan 20/19. Academy, Varanasi. 1st
48. Ambika Dutt Shastri. Susruta Samhita volume.Sutrasthan.28/7
Sutrasthan 20/9 “Ayurvedatatvasandipika” 66. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
chaukhambha Sanskrita Sansthan. 221001 commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
Varanasi. Academy, Varanasi. 1st volume.Viman
49. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini sthan.2/9
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya 67. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
Academy, Varanasi. 1st commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya
volume.Sutrasthan 1/127.

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Academy, Varanasi. 1st volume.Viman Academy, Varanasi. 1st


sthan.8/118 volume.Sutrasthan 6/49-50.
68. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini 71. Ashtanga. Hridaya by Anna Moreshwar
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya Kunte, commentary Ayurveda Rasayana
Academy, Varanasi. 1st of Hemadri on Su.7/47, Chaukhambh
volume.Sutrasthan.Vimansthan 8. orientalia, Varanasi.
69. Ambika Dutt Shastri. Susruta Samhita 72. Ashtang Sangraha Sutrasthana 9/15
Sutrasthan 35/39 Commentary Shashilekha by Indu,
“Ayurvedatatvasandipika” chaukhambha published from Chaukhambha Orientalia,
Sanskrita Sansthan. 221001 Varanasi. Varanasi.
70. Caraka. Caraka Samhita. Vidhyotini
commentary. Chaukumba Barathiya

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