INDEX

1. Editorial Vocab 2

2. Perfection Vocab 3-8

3. Error Detection Questions 9-10

4. Reading Comprehension 11-16

5. Answer Key 17-20

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 EDITORIAL VOCAB
● Callousness: Insensitivity or indifference towards others' feelings;
lack of empathy or concern.
● Incremental: Relating to gradual, small, or incremental changes
or additions, often used in the context of progress or growth.
● Incapacitated: Disabled or unable to function normally due to
illness, injury, or other factors.
● Rejuvenated: Made fresh, vigorous, or youthful again; revitalized
or restored to a better condition.
● Ambushed: Surprised or attacked unexpectedly from a concealed
position or in a sudden manner.
● Insurgency: A violent uprising or rebellion against an authority or
government, typically involving armed conflict.
● Botched-up: Messed up or mishandled; poorly executed or
carried out.
● Augmenting: Increasing or enhancing in size, amount, or degree;
to make something greater by adding to it.
● Adherence: Attachment or commitment to a particular set of
beliefs, principles, or practices; obedience or loyalty to a rule or
standard.
● A crushing blow: A devastating or overwhelming setback or
defeat, often figuratively referring to a powerful and decisive
negative impact.
● A crying shame: An expression used to convey strong
disappointment or disapproval about something that is regrettable
or unfortunate.
● A cushy job: A comfortable or easy job that requires little effort or
stress; often implies favorable conditions and minimal challenges.
● A cut above the average: Superior in quality or ability compared
to others; standing out as exceptional or outstanding.
● Add fuel to fire: To worsen an already tense or difficult situation
by doing or saying something that makes it more intense or
volatile.

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 PERFECTION VOCAB

● Incite: To encourage or stir up violent or unlawful behavior,

typically through encouraging words or actions.
● Insight: A deep understanding of a person or thing; penetrating
mental vision or discernment.
● Psychologist: A professional who studies mental processes and
behaviors, and helps individuals with mental health issues or
personal development.
● Valuable: Having considerable monetary or material worth; very
useful or important.
● Groundbreaking: Innovative; pioneering; introducing new ideas
or methods that significantly change or advance a field.
● Mysteries: Things that are difficult or impossible to understand or
explain; secrets.
● Charismatic: Having a magnetic personality or charm that attracts
and inspires others.
● Stirring: Evoking strong emotion, especially pity, sorrow, or
excitement; emotionally moving.
● Rallying: Gathering or bringing together for a common purpose;
inspiring people to unite or take action.
● Farther: Refers to physical distance, often used to indicate greater
distance compared to 'further'.
● Further: To a greater extent or degree; additionally; used in a
figurative sense to indicate advancement or progress.
● Determined: Having made a firm decision and being resolved not
to change it; showing strong resolve or purpose.
● Venture: A risky or daring journey or undertaking; to proceed
despite risks or dangers.
● Wilderness: An uncultivated, uninhabited, and inhospitable
region, often dense with vegetation and wildlife.
● Uncharted territories: Areas or subjects that are unknown or not
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 yet explored or mapped; metaphorically, it can refer to new or
unfamiliar challenges.
● Terrain: The physical features of a tract of land; the landscape.
● Accelerated: To increase the speed or rate of something; to
hasten or advance quickly.
● Distant: Far away in space or time; remote; not close.
● Celestial bodies: Objects such as stars, planets, moons, and
asteroids that exist in outer space.
● Comprehensive: Covering or including everything; thorough and
complete in scope.
● Leaving no stone unturned: To make every possible effort; to
search or investigate thoroughly and exhaustively.
● Wreak: To cause (damage or harm); to inflict (vengeance,
punishment, etc.).
● Reek: To emit a strong, unpleasant smell; to stink.
● Malicious: Intending or intended to do harm.
● Havoc: Widespread destruction or devastation.
● Widespread: Found or distributed over a large area or number of
people.
● Chaos: Complete disorder and confusion.
● Alley: A narrow passageway between or behind buildings.
● Intensified: Made more intense, stronger, or more extreme.
● Prompting: Serving as a stimulus or encouragement for someone
to do something.
● Trail: A path or track, especially one made by the passage of
people or animals.
● Waive: To refrain from insisting on or using (a right or claim); to
relinquish voluntarily.
● Wave: A ridge or swell moving along the surface of a liquid,
especially the sea.
● Directed: To manage or control the affairs of; to guide or oversee.
● Orchestra: A large group of musicians who play together on
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 various instruments, usually including strings, woodwinds, brass,
and percussion.
● Graceful: Characterized by elegance or beauty of form, manner,
movement, or speech.
● Baton: A thin stick used by a conductor to direct an orchestra or
choir.
● Eliciting: To evoke or draw out (a response, answer, or fact) from
someone.
● Goodwill: Friendly, helpful, or cooperative feelings or attitude.
● Rein: A long, narrow strap attached at one end to a horse's bit,
used to guide or check a horse while riding.
● Reign: The period during which a sovereign rules; to hold royal
office; metaphorically, it can mean to be predominant or prevalent.
● Halt: To bring or come to a stop; to cease or pause temporarily.
● Gallop: A fast gait of a horse or other quadruped, with all four feet
off the ground together in each stride.
● Marked by: Characterized by; distinguished by.
● Prosperity: The state of being successful or thriving, especially in
financial terms; flourishing.
● Flourishing: Thriving; growing well or vigorously; prosperous.
● Intersectionality: The interconnected nature of social
categorizations such as race, class, and gender, as they apply to a
given individual or group, regarded as creating overlapping and
interdependent systems of discrimination or disadvantage.
● Recognizes: Acknowledges the existence, validity, or legality of
something.
● Inclusive: Including all; encompassing; not excluding any section
of society or any part of a whole.
● Underscores: Emphasizes; highlights the importance or
relevance of something.
● Inequalities: Disparities or differences, especially in social or
economic status.
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● Bedrock: The solid rock underlying loose deposits such as soil;
metaphorically, it refers to something that forms the basis or
foundation of something else.
● Dismantling: Taking apart or demolishing (a structure or system);
to break down into its component parts.
● Fostering: Encouraging the development or growth of something.
● Diversity: The state or condition of having a variety of elements or
qualities; especially the inclusion of different types of people (such
as people of different races or cultures) in a group or organization.
● Equity: Fairness or justice in the way people are treated; a
principle of justice dealing with the distribution of resources.
● Discourse: Written or spoken communication or debate.
● Repercussions: Unintended consequences or effects of an action
or event.
● Voluntary: Done, given, or acting of one's own free will.
● Discriminatory: Making or showing an unjust or prejudicial
distinction in the treatment of different categories of people or
things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.
● Inessential: Not absolutely necessary.
● Imperative: Of vital importance; crucial.
● Implanted: Inserted or placed firmly into a surrounding mass;
often refers to medical devices or objects placed inside the body
surgically.
● Milestone: A significant stage or event in the development or
progress of something; an important achievement.
● Evaluated: Assessed or appraised to determine the value,
significance, or quality of something.
● Claimed: Stated or asserted that something is the case, typically
without providing evidence or proof.
● Wirelessly: Without the use of physical wires; usually refers to
communication or transmission of data using radio waves or other
wireless technology.
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● Rival firms: Competing companies or businesses that are in
competition with each other in the same industry or market.
● Adept: Very skilled or proficient at something.
● Tackle: To deal with or handle a problem or task in a determined
or effective way; to confront and attempt to solve.
● Generated: Created, produced, or brought into existence.
● Battle: A sustained fight between large organized armed forces.
● Amped-up: Made more intense or exciting; heightened in energy
or intensity.
● Disinformation: False information that is intended to mislead,
especially propaganda issued by a government organization to a
rival power or the media.
● Headed our way: Coming towards us or approaching our location.
● Stirred: To provoke or excite feelings, especially anger or
excitement, in someone.
● Betrayal: The action of betraying one's trust, confidence, or
loyalty.
● Mainstream: Conforming to or following the established or
popular trends, beliefs, or styles.
● Controversy: Prolonged public disagreement or heated
discussion about an issue or idea.
● Echoing: Repeating or reflecting a sound, opinion, or sentiment.
● Departure: The act of leaving or setting out, especially on a
journey.
● Swift: Happening quickly or promptly; fast.
● Impostors: People who pretend to be someone else in order to
deceive others, typically for fraudulent or deceptive purposes.
● Stern: Serious and strict in manner, attitude, or appearance.
● Emphasizing: Giving special importance or prominence to
something; highlighting or stressing the significance of a point or
idea.
● Sanctity: Holiness, sacredness, or the state of being holy or
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 sacred.
● Brewing: The process of making beer, tea, or coffee by soaking,
boiling, and fermentation. Metaphorically, it can also mean
something developing or beginning to happen.
● Elixir: A magical or medicinal potion believed to have the power to
cure illness or prolong life; metaphorically, it can refer to
something that is believed to bring health, success, or happiness.
● Unifying: Bringing together and uniting into a single whole or
entity; promoting harmony or agreement among different groups
or entities.
● Threat: A person or thing likely to cause harm or danger; a
potential source of trouble or harm.
● Triggering: Causing an emotional or psychological reaction,
typically a negative one, in response to something.
● Escalated: Increased in intensity, magnitude, or seriousness.
● Reinforced: Made stronger or more resilient; strengthened or
supported.
● Dismissing: Rejecting or disregarding something as unimportant
or unworthy of consideration.
● Traumatic memories: Memories associated with emotional
distress or significant psychological impact, often stemming from a
disturbing or distressing event.
● Encountering: Coming across or meeting someone or something,
especially unexpectedly or by chance.
● Citrus-infused: Flavored or enhanced with citrus fruits, such as
lemon, lime, or orange.
● Communique: A formal announcement or statement, especially
one issued to the media or the public.
● Heretical loose leaves: This phrase is less common and may
refer metaphorically to unconventional or unorthodox ideas or
writings that are not bound by traditional norms or beliefs.

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Directions (Qs. 1-5): In the following question, one part of the
sentence may have an error. Find out which part of the sentence
has an error and select the appropriate option. If the sentence is
free from error, select 'No Error'.

Question 1
The opportunity to use some of the additional (A)/ bonanza to bridge
the fiscal gap can also help to (B)/ strengthen the government’s
finances and (C)/ reassure investors of its commitment to the fiscal
consolidation roadmap. (D)
(1) A
(2) B
(3) C
(4) D
(5) No error

Question 2
Delegates from over 60 countries have convened (A)/ in Kochi, Kerala
to attended the 46th (B)/ ATCM that is expected to (C)/ go on until the
month end. (D)
(1) A
(2) B
(3) C
(4) D
(5) No error

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Question 3
The RBI’s prudence has also extended to the crucial (A)/ provisioning
done under the CRB, where it has raised (B)/ the level of funds set
aside to cover for (C)/ any unforeseen contingencies and risks to the
economy. (D)
(1) A
(2) B
(3) C
(4) D
(5) No error

Question 4
Low polling nationwide have (A)/ been a notable trend in (B)/ the first
few phases of the (C)/ ongoing general election 2024 in India. (D)
(1) A
(2) B
(3) C
(4) D
(5) No error

Question 5
The decision by the Reserve Bank of India’s board to transfer (A)/ a
record surplus of almost ₹2.11 lakh crore to the Union government (B)/
for 2023-24 will serve as a welcome shot in the leg (C)/ for the new
government when it presents its Budget in July. (D)
(1) A
(2) B
(3) C
(4) D
(5) No error

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Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that
follow.

The death toll of last week’s deadly floods and landslides in

the Democratic Republic of Congo climbed to more than 400
people, the government said on Monday, as rescue workers
and family members searched through debris and mud for
victims and survivors of the disaster.
The flooding began on Thursday, as heavy rains pushed rivers
to overflow their banks, causing rushing water and mud to
flow into villages, washing away homes and ravaging
farmland.
“The situation is catastrophic,” said Remy Kasindi, a
representative for a civil society group in South Kivu, where
the floods took place. “It’s a humanitarian crisis that troubles
our consciences.”
Mr. Kasindi said that survivors were looking for their family
members in the mud, and that some bodies were pulled from
nearby Lake Kivu.
Nearly 3,000 families were left homeless by floods and
landslides, with their houses damaged or destroyed, the U.N.
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs said.
Twelve hundred homes were completely razed, the office said.
On Monday, Congo observed a day of national mourning for
the victims of the flooding.
Before the flood, people from the region had traveled to the
area to sell their agricultural products at a market there,
making it harder to count the total number of the missing,

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rescuers said. On Monday, bodies
_______________A______________ the rubble.
Several news media outlets reported that the authorities had
to bury the bodies in mass graves.
Dr. Denis Mukwege, a Congolese winner of the Nobel Peace
Prize in 2018, pleaded on Twitter for the dead to be treated
with dignity.
“Exhume the bodies, identify them by DNA, bury them
individually and not in a mass grave,” he wrote.
The floods hit the Kalehe Territory in South Kivu, and
specifically the villages of Bushushu and Nyamukubi. The area
affected by the floods had welcomed thousands of displaced
people from the province of Nord-Kivu, which has been
plagued by fighting between the Congolese Army and rebel
forces.
While the dry season for this region is fast approaching, the
next 10 days look likely to have more rainfall, some of which
could be higher than normal. Any rain, above average or not,
that falls on the already saturated ground could increase the
risk of flooding because the land and rivers already have
abundant water and the rainfall has nowhere to go. The area
is also mountainous, increasing the risk of landslides.
The villages are next to the shore of Lake Kivu, which
separates Congo from Rwanda. Last week, more than 120
people were killed in devastating floods and landslides caused
by heavy rains in Western Rwanda.
On Saturday, during a visit to Burundi, the United Nations
secretary general, António Guterres, said that the floods were
“yet another illustration of accelerating climate change and its
disastrous impact on countries that have done nothing to
contribute to global warming.”
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Experts have said that while linking specific events to climate
change requires extensive analysis, climate change has made
extreme rainfalls more frequent and intense.
Last year, more than 140 people were killed by floods and
landslides in Congo’s capital, Kinshasa, and Central Africa as a
region has recently been afflicted by deadly floods.
Local and international charities have provided help to the
area, trying to bring food or health assistance to prevent the
spread of waterborne disease. Cholera is endemic in the area,
the United Nations said.
Doctors Without Borders strengthened its presence to help
the wounded, and the Red Cross was deployed in the search
of bodies and to help with the organization of the burials.

1.Which of the following statements is/are TRUE as

mentioned in the above passage?
a. There were devastating floods and landslides in the
Democratic Republic of Congo last week, resulting in a
significant loss of life.
b. The Democratic Republic of Congo designated a specific
date as a national mourning day to honor and remember
the victims of the flooding.
c.Dr. Denis Mukwege is suggesting a specific course of
action regarding the handling of the bodies.
A. Only a
B. Both a and c
C. Both b and c
D. Both a and b
E. All of a, b and c
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2. Which of the following statements is/are FALSE as
mentioned in the above passage?
a. Cholera is regularly present or prevalent in the
Democratic Republic of Congo.
b. Central Africa as a whole has experienced a series of
recent devastating floods in the past few years.
c.The United Nations Secretary General, António Guterres,
believes that the floods mentioned are a consequence of
climate change.

A. Only c
B. Both a and b
C. Only b
D. Both b and c
E. None of a, b and c

3. What assumption (s) can we make on the basis of the

given passage?
a. The floods have created a pressing need for immediate
assistance and relief efforts.
b. The anticipated rainfall contradicts the usual weather
patterns for the dry season in the region.
c.The saturated ground has limited capacity to absorb
additional water.

A. Both a and b
B. Both b and c
C. Both a and c
D. None of a, b and c
E. All of a, b and c
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Any rain, above average or not, that falls on the already
saturated ground could increase the risk of flooding because
the land and rivers already have abundant water and the
rainfall has nowhere to go.

4. Which of the following sentence (s) has/have correctly

used the synonym of the word ‘abundant’ as highlighted in
the above sentence?
a. The garden was filled with a plentiful harvest of ripe
tomatoes, vibrant carrots, and luscious strawberries.
b. The professor provided copious notes to the students,
ensuring they had an extensive resource for studying the
subject.
c.The rainfall in the desert region is profuse, with only
occasional showers that barely quench the thirst of the
arid land.

A. Only a
B. Both a and b
C. Both b and c
D. Both a and c
E. All of a, b and c

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The flooding began on Thursday, as heavy rains pushed rivers
to overflow their banks, causing rushing water and mud to
flow into villages, washing away homes and ravaging
farmland.
5. In the given sentence, a phrasal verb is highlighted. Out of
the given options, you have to choose the phrasal verb that
conveys the same meaning as the highlighted one.
a. Rush into
b. Pour into
c. Dive into

A. Both a and b
B. Both a and c
C. Both b and c
D. Only a
E. Only b

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 Answers of Error Detection

Q1. Ans: 2
Solution: The B part has an error. We do not need “to” after the bare
infinitive form “help + verb.” Remove “to” to make the sentence correct.

Q2. Ans: 2
Solution: The B has an error. We need the base form of a verb to fit in
the infinitive construction TO + VERB. Replace the second form verb
“attended” with the base form verb “attend” to make the sentence
correct.

Q3. Ans: 5
Solution: The above sentence contains no error.

Q4. Ans: 1
Solution: The A has an error. We need the singular form of a verb to
agree with the singular subject “POLLING”. Replace the singular verb
“has” with the plural verb “have” to make the sentence correct.

Q5. Ans: 3
Solution: The c part has an error. The error lies in the use of IDIOM.
“Shot in the leg” is an incorrect idiom. The correct idiom should be
“Shot in the arm” which means something that has a sudden and
positive effect on something.

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Answers of Reading Comprehension

1.Ans: B
Explanation:
Sentence a: true
Refer to: The death toll of last week’s deadly floods and
landslides in the Democratic Republic of Congo climbed to
more than 400 people.

Sentence b: false
Refer to: On Monday, Congo observed a day of national
mourning for the victims of the flooding.
According to the passage, a specific day and not a date is
chosen by the Congo government as a national mourning day
to honor and remember the victims of the flooding.

Sentence c: true
Refer to: “Exhume the bodies, identify them by DNA, bury
them individually and not in a mass grave,” he wrote.

2. Ans: C
Explanation:

Sentence a: true
Refer to: Cholera is endemic in the area, the United Nations
said.
When a disease is endemic, it means that it is consistently
present and maintained within a certain region or group,
rather than being sporadic or temporary.

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Sentence b: false
Refer to: Last year, more than 140 people were killed by
floods and landslides in Congo’s capital, Kinshasa, and Central
Africa as a region has recently been afflicted by deadly floods.

The passage states that Central Africa was affected by floods

last year and not in the past few years.

Sentence c: true
Refer to: On Saturday, during a visit to Burundi, the United
Nations secretary general, António Guterres, said that the
floods were “yet another illustration of accelerating climate
change and its disastrous impact on countries that have done
nothing to contribute to global warming.”

3. Ans: E
Explanation:
Sentence a: can be assumed
Refer to: “The situation is catastrophic,” said Remy Kasindi,
a representative for a civil society group in South Kivu, where
the floods took place. “It’s a humanitarian crisis that troubles
our consciences.”

Sentence b: can be assumed

Refer to: While the dry season for this region is fast
approaching, the next 10 days look likely to have more
rainfall, some of which could be higher than normal.

Sentence c: can be assumed

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Refer to: Any rain, above average or not, that falls on the
already saturated ground could increase the risk of flooding
because the land and rivers already have abundant water
and the rainfall has nowhere to go.

4.Ans: B

Explanation:
The word "abundant" means having a plentiful or ample
quantity of something.
All three, ‘plentiful’, ‘copious’ and ‘profuse’ are synonyms of
‘abundant.’
Only sentence c, doesn’t use the synonym of ‘abundant’
correctly. The correct word to be used in the sentence is
‘sparse’ which is an antonym of ‘abundant.’

5.Ans: A

Explanation:
Flow into means the movement or transfer of something,
typically a liquid or substance, from one place or container
into another ; rush into ; pour into
Dive into: to enthusiastically or eagerly immerse oneself into
something, typically an activity, a topic, or a situation

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