Unit - 4

Atomic Structure
1. The spectrum of He is expected to be similar to that of
(a) H (b) Li+ (c) Na (d) He+.

2. The ratio of the difference in energy between the first and the second Bohr
orbit to that between the second and the third Bohr orbit is
(a) (b) (c) (d) .

3. Rutherford’s experiment on scattering of particles showed for the first time

that the atom has
(a) Electrons (b) Protons (c) Nucleus (d) Neutrons.

4. 2p – orbitals have
(a) n = 1, l = 2 (b) n = 1, l = 0 (c) n = 2, l = 1 (d) n = 2, l = 0.

5. Which of the following is not correct for electronic distribution in the ground
state?
(a)Co=[Ar]
(b)Ni=[Ar]
(c)Cu=[Ar]
(d)Zn=[Ar]

6. The radius of atomic nucleus is of the order of

(a) 10 m (b) 10 m (c) 10 m (d) 10 m.

7. The principal quantum number of an atom is related to the

(a) size of the orbital (b) spin angular momentum
(c) orbital angular momentum (d) orientation of the orbital in space.

8. Transition of an electron from n = 3 to n = 1 level results in

(a) emission spectrum (b) band spectrum
(b) infrared spectrum (d) X-ray spectrum.

9. Which of the following are isoelectronic with one another?

(a) Na and Ne (b) K and O (c) Ne and O (d) Na and K .

10. Different lines in Lyman series of hydrogen spectrum lie in

(a) Ultraviolet (b) Infrared (c) Visible (d) Far infrared.
11. The symbol of the element whose atoms have the outer most electronic
configuration 2s2, 2p3 is
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 (a) N (b) Li (c) P (d) Na

12. When alpha particles are sent through a thin metal foil, most of them go
straight through the foil because
(a) alpha particles are much heavier than electron
(b) alpha particles are positively charged
(c) alpha particles move with high velocity
(d) most part of the atom is empty
13. The electron level which allows the hydrogen to absorb photons but not to
emit is
(a) 1s (b) 2s (c) 2p (d) 3d.
14. The increasing order for the values of e/m (charge/mass) is
(a) e, p, n,  (b) n, p, e,  (c) n, p, , e (d) n, , p, e.

15. Maximum number of electrons present in ‘N’ shell is

(a) 18 (b) 32 (c) 2 (d) 8.

16. Bohr’s model can explain

(a) the spectrum of hydrogen atom only
(b) spectrum of atom or ion containing one electron only
(c) the spectrum of hydrogen molecule
(d) the solar spectrum.
17. Electromagnetic radiation with maximum wave length is
(a) ultra-violet (b) radiowave (c) X-rays (d) Infrared.

18. Which is correct statement about proton?

(a) Proton is nucleus of deuterium (b) Proton is a-particle
(c) Proton is ionized hydrogen molecule
(d) Proton is ionized hydrogen.

19. Rutherford’s alpha particle scattering experiment eventually led to the

conclusion that
(a) mass and energy are related
(b) electrons occupy space around the nucleus
(c) neutrons are buried deep in the nucleus
(d) the point of impact with matter can be precisely determined.

20. Which one of the following sets of quantum numbers represents an

impossible arrangement?
n l m1 ms
(a) 3 2 -2 ½
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 (b) 4 0 0 ½
(c) 3 2 -3 ½
–1/2.
(d) 5 3 0
21. The number of unpaired electrons in a chromic ion, Cr (atomic number 24)
is
(a) 6 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 1.

22. The triad of nuclei which is isotonic is

(a) (b) (c) (d)

23. The orbital diagram in which Aufbau principle is violated is

24. The number of spherical nodes in 3p orbitals are

(a) one (b) three (c) none (d) two.

25. If r is the radius of the first orbit, the radius of nth orbit of H-atom is given by
(a) rn (b) rn (c) r/n (d) r n .

26. Which one of the following is the smallest in size?

(a) N (b) O (b)F (d) Na .

27. Which of the following statements does not form a part of Bhor’s model of
hydrogen atom?
(a) Energy of the electrons in the orbits is quantized
(b) The electron in the orbit nearest the nucleus has the lowest energy
(c) Electrons revolve in different orbits around the nucleus
(d) The position and velocity of the electrons in the orbit cannot be determined
simultaneously.

28. If electron has spin quantum number of + ½ and a magnetic quantum

number – 1, it cannot be present in
(a) d-orbital (b) f-orbital (c) p-orbital (d) s-orbital.

29. Number of unpaired electrons in N is

(a) 2 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 3.

30. If the speed of electron in the Bohr’s first orbit of hydrogen atom be x, then
speed of the electron in the 3rd orbit is
(a) x/9 (b) x/3 (c) 3x (d) 9x.

31. A p-orbital can accommodate

(a) 4 electrons (b) 6 electrons
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 (c) 2 electrons with parallel spins (d)2 electrons with opposite spins.

32. The spectrum of He is expected to be similar to that of

(a) Hydrogen (b) Li (c) Na (d) He.

33. For azimuthal quantum number l = 3, the maximum number of electrons will
be
(a) 2 (b) 6 (c) 0 (d) 14.

34. The order of filling of electrons in the orbitals of an atom will be

(a) 3d, 4s, 4p, 4d, 5s (b) 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d
(c) 5s, 4p, 3d, 4d, 5s (d) 3d, 4p, 4s, 4d, 5s.

35. The electronic configuration of Cu (atomic number 29) is

(a) (b)
(c) (d)

36. Which of the following relates to photons both as wave motion and as a
stream of particles?
(a) Interference (b) E = mc (c) Diffraction (d) E = hv.

37. Which combinations of quantum numbers n, l, m and s for the electron in an

atom does not provide a permissible solution of the wave equation?
(a) 3, 2, -2, ½ (b) 3, 3, 1, - ½ (c) 3, 2, 1, ½ (d) 3, 1, 1, - ½.

38. Which of the following represents the correct set of quantum numbers of a 4d
electron?
(a) 4, 3, 2, + (b)4, 2, 1, 0 (c) 4, 3, -2, + (d) 4, 2, 1, - .

39. How many electrons can have the values n = 2, l = 1 and s = + ½ in the
configuration
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 7.

40. Electronic configuration of calcium atom can be written as

(a) [Ne], 4p (b) [Ar], 4s (c) [Ne], 4s (d) [Kr], 4p .

41. The energy of an electron in the nth Bohr orbit of hydrogen atom is
(a) 13.6/n eV (b) 13.6/n eV (c) 13.6/n eV (d) 13.6/neV.
42. Pick out the isoelectronic structures from the following:
I. CH II. H O III. NH IV. CH
(a) I and II (b) III and IV (c) I and III (d) II, III and IV.

43. Which of the following is violation of Pauli’s exclusion principle?

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44. The probability of finding an electron residing in a p orbital is zero
(a) in the yz plane (b) in the xy plane
(c) in the y-direction (d) in the z-direction.

45. From the given sets of quantum numbers, the one that is inconsistent with
the theory is
(a) n = 3; l = 2; m = -3; s = +1/2 (b) n = 4; l = 3; m = 3; s = +1/2
(c) n = 2; l = 1; m = 0; s = -1/2 (d) n = 4; l = 3; m = 2 ; s = +1/2
46. For an electron if the uncertainty in velocity is , the uncertainty in its
position ( ) is given by
(a) (b) (c) (d) .

47. In which one of the following pairs of experimental observation and

phenomenon, does the experimental observation correctly account for the
phenomenon?
Experimental observation Phenomenon
(a) X-ray spectra Charge on the nucleus
(b) -particle scattering size of the atom
(c) Emission spectra The quantization of energy
(d) The photoelectric effect The nuclear atom

48. For which one of the following sets of four quantum numbers, an electron will
have the highest energy?
n l m s
(a) 3 2 1

(b) 4 2 -1

(c) 4 1 0 -

(d) 5 0 0 -

49. The electron was shown experimentally to have wave properties by

(a) de Broglie (b) Davisson and Germer
(b) N. Bohr (d) Schrodinger.

50. When an electron of charge e and mass m moves with a velocity v about the
nuclear charge Ze in a circular orbit of radius r, the potential energy of the
electron is given by
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 (a) Ze /r (b) - Ze /r (c) Ze /r (d) mv /r.

51. Atomic weight of an element is not necessarily whole number because

(a) it contains electrons, protons and neutrons
(b) it contains allotropic forms
(c) atoms are no longer considered indivisible
(d) it contains isotopes.

52. The orbital angular momentum of an electron in 2s orbital is

(a) (b) zero (c) (d)

53. Which of the following has maximum number of unpaired electrons?

(a) Mg (b) Ti (c) V (d) Fe

54. An element M has an atomic mass 19 and atomic number 9, its ion is
represented by
(a) M (b) M (c) M (d) M .

55. The configuration shows

(a) ground state of fluorine (b) excited state of fluorine
(c) excited state of Neon atom
(d) excited state of O ion.

56. The energy of an electron in the first Bohr orbit of H atom is – 13.6 eV. The
possible energy value (s) of the excited state (s) for electrons in Bohr orbits of
hydrogen is (are)
(a) -3.4 eV (b) -4.2 eV (c) -6.8 eV (d) + 6.8 eV.

57. Which of the following is the main cause of late discovery of neutron?
(a) Neutron is chargeless particle
(b) Neutron is highly unstable particle
(c) Neutron in the nucleus moves very fast (d) All of these.
58. Planck’s constant has the same dimensions as that of
(a) Power (b) Work
(c) radiant energy (d) angular momentum.

59. The electrons, identified by quantum numbers n and l, (i) n = 4, l = 1 (ii) n = 4,

l = 0 (iii) n = 3, l = 2 (iv) n = 3, l = 1 can be placed in order of increasing energy,
from the lowest to highest, as
(a) (iv) < (ii) < (iii) < (i) (b) (ii) < (iv) < (i) < (iii)
(c) (i) < (iii) < (ii) < (iv) (d) (iii) < (i) < (iv) < (ii).

60. Which of the following has more unpaired d-electrons?

(a) Zn (b) Fe (c) Ni (d) cu+.
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61. Which of the following configurations is correct for iron?
(a) (b)
(c) (d)

62. Principal, azimuthal and magnetic quantum numbers are respectively related
to
(a) size, orientation and shape (b) size, shape and orientation
(c) shape, size and orientation (d) none of these.

63. The number of nodal planes in a px orbital is

(a) one (b) two (c) three (d) zero.

64. For which of the following species, Bohr’s theory is not applicable?
(a) Be (b) Li2+ (c) He2+ (d) H.

65. The quantum numbers + ½ and -1/2 for the electron spin represent
(a) rotation of the electron in clockwise and anticlockwise direction
respectively
(b) rotation of the electron in anticlockwise and clockwise direction
respectively
(c) magnetic moment of the electron pointing up and down respectively
(d) two quantum mechanical spin states which have no classical analogues.

66. Identify the least stable among the following:

(a) Li (b) Be (c) B (d) C

67. An element M has an atomic mass 19 and atomic number 9. Its ion is
represented by
(a) M (b) M2+ (c) M (c) M2-

68. The correct order of increasing energy of atomic orbitals is

(a) 5p < 4f < 6s < 5d (b) 5p < 6s < 4f < 5d
(c) 4f < 5p < 5d < 6s (d) 5p < 5d < 4f < 6s.

69. Rutherford’s experiment which established the nuclear model of the atom
used a beam of
(a) β-particles which impinged on a metal foil and got absorbed
(b) γ-rays which impinged on a metal foil and ejected electrons
(c) helium atoms, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered
(d) helium nuclei, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered

70. If the nitrogen atom had electronic configuration 1s 7, it would have energy
lower than that of the normal ground state configuration
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 because the electrons would be closer to the nucleus. Yet 1s is not observed.
It violates
(a) Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle
(b) Hund’s rule
(c) Pauli exclusion principle
(d) Bohr postulate of stationary orbits

71. Which of the following ions has the maximum magnetic moment?
(a) Mn2+ (b) Fe2+ (c) Ti2+ (d) Cr2+

72. The number of d-electrons retained in Fe2+ (At. No. of Fe = 26) ion is
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 3

73. In Bohr series of lines of hydrogen spectrum, the third line from the red end
corresponds to which one of the following inter-orbit jumps of the electron for
Bohr orbits in an atom of hydrogen?
(a) 5 → 2 (b) 4 → 1 (c) 2 → 5 (d) 3 → 2

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(9)
74. The energy of a photon is given as /atom = 3.03 J atom . Then the
wavelength (λ) of the photon is
(a) 65.6 nm (b) 656 nm (c) 0.656 nm (d) 6.56 nm
Given h (Planck’s constant) = 6.63 (velocity of light) = 3.00

75. The wave number of first line of Balmer series of hydrogen is 15200 cm -1. The
wave number of first Balmer line of Li ion is
(a) 15,200 cm-1 (b) 60,800 cm-1 (c) 76,000 cm-1 (d) 136,800 cm-1.

76. What transition in the hydrogen spectrum would have the same wavelength
as the Balmer transition, n = 4 to n = 2 in the He spectrum?
(a) n = 4 to n = 1 (b) n = 3 to n =2 (c) n = 3 to n = 1 (d) n = 2 to n = 1.

77. In a Bohr model of an atom, when an electron jumps from n = 3 to n = 1, how

much energy will be emitted?
(a) ergs (b) ergs (c) ergs (d) ergs
78. The value of the energy for the first excited state of hydrogen atom will be
(a) -13.6 eV (b) -3.40 eV (c) -1.51 eV (d) -0.85 eV.

79. In a hydrogen atom, if the energy of an electron in the ground state is 13.6
eV, then that in the 2nd excited state is
(a) 1.51 eV (b) 3.4 eV (c) 6.04 eV (d) 13.6 eV

80. At 200ºC, the velocity of hydrogen molecule is cm/sec. In this case the
de Broglie wavelength is about
(a) 1 Å (b) 1000 Å (c) 100 Å (d) 10 Å.

81. What is the wavelength of a car with a mass of moving at a speed of

cm/sec?
(Planck’s constant erg sec.)
(a) cm (b) cm (c) cm (d) cm.

82. The wavelength associated with a golf ball weighing 200 g and moving at a
speed of 5 m/h is of the order
(a) (b) (c) (d)

83. The de Broglie wavelength of a tennis ball of mass 60 g moving with a velocity
of 10 metres per second is approximately
(a) metres (b) metres
(c) metres (d) metres
(Plank’s constant, h = )

84. The uncertainty in the position of an electron (mass = ) moving

with a velocity of accurate upto 0.011% will be
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 (a) 1.92 cm (b) 7.68 cm (c) 0.175 cm (d) 3.84 cm.

85. A proton is about 1840 times heavier than an electron. When it is accelerated
by a potential difference of 1 kV, its kinetic energy will be
(a) 1840 keV (b) 1/1840 keV (c) 1 keV (d) 920 keV

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(12)
86. Potential energy of Li2+ electron is

(a) (b) (c) (d) .

87. The number of d-electrons in Fe2+ (Z = 26) is not equal to that of the
(a) p electrons in Ne (at. no. = 10) (b) s-electrons in Mg (at. no. = 12
(c) d-electrons in Fe (d) p-electrons in Cl (at. no. of Cl = 17).

88. If n and l are respectively the principal and azimuthal quantum numbers,
then the expression for the calculation of the total no. of electrons in any
energy level is
(a) (b) (c) (d)

89. The number of photons of light having wave number x in 1J of energy source
is (Planck’s constant = h, velocity of light = c)
(a) hcx (b) hc/x (c) (d)

90. If is the threshold wavelength for photoelectric emission, the wavelength

of light falling on the surface of a metal and m the mass of the electron, then
the velocity of ejected electron is given by

(a) (b) (c) (d)

91. When electron transition occurs from higher energy state to a lower energy
state with energy difference equal to electron volts, the wavelength of line
emitted is approximately equal to
(a) (b) (c) (d)

92. The maximum number of electrons in a subshell having the same value of
spin quantum number is given by
(a) l + 2 (b) 2l + 1 (c) l (l + 1) (d) .

93. A certain metal when irradiated by light emits photoelectrons

with twice kinetic energy as did photo electrons when the same metal is
irradiated by light . The of metal is
(a) (b) (c) (d)

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 Unit - 4
Atomic Structure
Answer key
Q. Ans. Q. Ans. Q. Ans. Q. Ans. Q. Ans.
1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C 5. C
6. C 7. A 8. A 9. A 10. A
11. A 12. D 13. A 14. D 15. B
16. B 17. B 18. D 19. B 20. C
21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. A
26. D 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. B
31. D 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. B
36. D 37. B 38. D 39. B 40. B
41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. A
46. C 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. B
51. D 52. B 53. D 54. C 55. C
56. A 57. A 58. D 59. A 60. B
61. D 62. B 63. A 64. C 65. D
66. B 67. C 68. B 69. D 70. C
71. A 72. C 73. A 74. B 75. D
76. D 77. D 78. B 79. A 80. A
81. C 82. C 83. D 84. C 85. C
86. A 87. D 88. D 89. D 90. C
91. A 92. B 93. B

HINTS/EXPLANATIONS

1. Both He and Li contain 2 electrons each.

2.

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3. Rutherford’s scattering experiment led to the discovery of nucleus.

4. For 2p, n = 2, l = 1.

5. cu is 3d 4s and not 3d 4s

6. Radius of nucleus
7. Principal quantum no. tells about the size of the orbital.

8. Jumps of electrons from outer shell to inner shell give emission spectrum.

9. Electrons in Na = 10, in Ne = 10.

10. Lyman series lies in the ultraviolet region.

11. Complete E.C. = i.e. Atomic No. = 7.

12. α-particles pass through because most part of the atom is empty.

13. 1s can absorb photon but not emit it.

14. Charge/mass for n = 0, for a = 2/4, for p = 1/1, for

15. Max. no. of electrons in N-shell (n = 4) =

16. Bohr model can explain spectrum of atoms/ions containing one electron.

17. Radiowaves have maximum wavelength.

18. Proton is ionized hydrogen.

19. Electrons are distributed over a lot of space.

20. If

21.

22. In (a), each atom has 8 neutrons.

23. 1s should be filled first before filling of 2s starts.

24. No. of radial nodes in 3p-orbital = (n – l – 1) = 3 – 1 – 1 = 1.

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25. Radius of nth orbit =

26. No. of electrons are same in all but nuclear charge is maximum in Na .

27. (d) is uncertainty principle and not Bohr’s postulate.

28. m = -1 means least value of l = 1. So it cannot be present in s-orbital.

29. Unpaired electrons = 1.

30. As

31. Any orbital can accommodate 2 electrons with opposite spin.

32. He+ and H both have one electron each.

33. l = 3 means f-subshell. Max. no. of e- = 14.

34. (b) as per aufbau principle.

35. (b) as per rules.

36. E = hv is a packet of energy (particle) having frequency v (wave).

37. If n = 3, l 3.

38. For 4d , n = 4, l = 2, m = -2, -1, 0, + 1, + 2, s = +

39. n = 2, l = 1 means 2p-subshell.

2p3 has three electrons each with spin = +

40.

41.

42. CH = 6 + 3 – 1 = 8e , H O = 3 + 8 – 1 = 10 e ,
NH = 7 + 3 = 10e , CH = 6 + 3 + 1 = 10e .

43. Two electrons in an orbital cannot have spin in the same direction.
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44. Probability of electron in P orbital is zero in the xy plane.

45. When l = 2, m -3.

46. i.e

47. Emission spectrum is obtained because energy of the electron is

quantized.

48. The sub-shells are 3d, 4d, 4p and 5s. 4d has highest energy.

49. Wave nature of electron was shown by Davisson and Germer.

50. P.E. = Work done =

51. Atomic weight is the average value of mass numbers of isotopes.

52. For 2s orbital, l = 0; Angular momentum =

53. Write electronic configurations of all the ions.

54. Z = 9 for F. Its ion is F .

55. Given configuration is excited state configuration.

56. Values of energy in the excited state = in which n = 2, 3, 4

etc.

57. Neutron being chargeless did not affect the neutrality of the atom.

58. Angular momentum = Thus angular momentum has same

dimensions as that of h.

59. (i) 4p (ii) 4s (iii) 3d (iv) 3p. Order of increasing energy is 3p < 4s < 3d
< 4p.

60. Unpaired d-electrons in Zn2+ = 0, in Fe2+ = 4, in Ni3+ = 3, in Cu+ = 0.

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61. (d) – By rules of filling.

62. Principal gives size, azimuthal gives shape and magnetic gives
orientation.

63. orbital has one nodal plane in the yz plane.

64. He2+ contains no electron. All others contain one electron each.

65. The quantum numbers + ½ and – ½ for the electron spin represent
two quantum mechanical spin states which have no classical analogues.

66.

67. The element is F. Its ion is F i.e. M (E.C. of M = ns2 np5. It will gain
one electron to acquire stable configuration).

68. 5p < 6s < 4f < 5d.

69. Rutherford’s experiment used α-rays which are helium nuclei.

70. According to Pauli exclusion principle, an orbital cannot

accommodate more than two electrons and those too with opposite spin.

71.

72. E.C of
E.C. of d-electrons = 6

73. The lines at the red end belong to Balmer series. These are obtained for jumps
to n = 2 from outer orbits (1st line from n = 3, 2nd line from n = 4, 3rd line from
n = 5).

74. =
= = 656 nm.

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75. For For other atoms/ions,

For

76. For H-like particles,

For He spectrum, for Balmer transition, n = 4 to n = 2

For H – spectrum, or which can be

so far n1 = 1 and n2 =2. Or directly

For He , =

For H,

77. ,

78. Ist excited state means n = 2,

79. , Second excited state means 3rd orbit

80.

= cm = 1Å

81. = 5.1  10-34 cm

82. =

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83.

84.

Here = 3.3 cm s

= 0.175 cm

85. Energy acquired by the electron (as K.E.) on being accelerated by a potential
difference of 1 kV = 1 keV
As proton has the same charge and energy = Potential difference charge,
hence proton will have same kinetic energy.

86. P.E. = =

87.
d-electrons = 6, p-electrons in Cl =12.

88. No. of sub-shells in nth shell = 0 to n-1. No of orbitals in a sub-shell = 2l + 1.

No. of electrons in each orbital = 2. Hence no of e in nth shell
=

89. E =

90.

or or

91. in eV = = hv =

or = =

92. No. of orbitals in a sub-shell = 2l + 1. Each of these can have one electron
having the same value of spin.
93. , , As
or
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= =

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