CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS

CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS 3

Previous Year Questions

(b) Milk of Blue 10 Basic

1. The emission of brown fumes in the given experimental magnesi

set-up is due to a

(c) Gastric Red 6 Acidic

juice

(d) Pure Yello 7 Neutral

water w

[CBSE-31-1-1-(2023)]

3. Select washing soda from the following:

(a) NaHCO3 (b) Na2 CO3 .5H 2 O

(c) Na2 CO3 .10 H 2 O (d) NaOH

[CBSE-31-1-1-(2023)]
(a) Thermal decomposition of lead nitrate which
4. (a) (i) A compound ‘X’ which is prepared from gypsum
produces brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide.
has the property of hardening when mixed with proper
(b) Thermal decomposition of lead nitrate which quantity of water.
produces brown fumes of lead oxide.
Identify ‘X’ and write its chemical formula.
(c) Oxidation of lead nitrate forming lead oxide and
(ii) State the difference in chemical composition
nitrogen dioxide.
between baking soda and baking power.
(d) Oxidation of lead nitrate forming lead oxide and
OR
oxygen.
(b) Write balanced chemical equation for the reaction
[CBSE-31-1-1-(2023)]
that occurs when:
2. The table below has information regarding pH and the
(i) Blue coloured copper sulphate crystals are heated and
nature (acidic/basic) of four different solutions. Which
(ii) Sodium hydrogen carbonate is heated during
one of the options in the table is correct?
cooking.
Optio Solution Colou Approximat Nature
[CBSE-31-1-1-(2023)]
n r of e pH value of
5. In the experimental setup given below, it is observed
pH solutio
that on passing the gas produced in the reaction in the
paper n
solution ‘X’ the solution ‘X’ first turns milky and then
(a) Lemon Orang 3 Basic colourless
juice e
 2 CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS

(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct
explanation of (A).

(c) (A) is true, but (R) is true

(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

[CBSE-31-1-1-(2023)]

8. (a) Identify the reducing agent in the following

reactions:
The option that justifies the above stated observation is
(i) 4 NH 3  5O2  4 NO  6 H 2O
that ‘X’ is aqueous calcium hydroxide and

(a) It turns milky due to carbon dioxide gas liberated in (ii) H 2 O  F2  HF  HOF
the reaction and after some time it becomes colourless (iii) Fe2 O3  3CO  2 Fe  3CO2
due to formation of calcium carbonate.
(iv) 2 H 2  O2  2 H 2 O
(b) It turns milky due to formation of calcium carbonate
and on passing excess of carbon dioxide it becomes (b) Define a redox reaction in terms of gain or loss of

colourless due to formation of calcium hydrogen oxygen.

carbonate which is soluble in water. [CBSE-31-1-1-(2023)]

(c) It turns milky due to passing of carbon dioxide 9. Almost all metals combine with oxygen to form metal
through it. It turns colourless as on futher passing carbon oxides. Metal oxides are generally basic in nature. But
dioxide, sodium hydrogen carbonate is formed which is some metal oxides show both basic as well as acidic
soluble in water. behavior. Different metals shown different reactivities

(c) The carbon dioxide liberated during the reaction towards oxygen. Some react vigorously while some do

turns lime water milky due to formation of calcium not react at all.

hydrogen carbonate and after some time it turns (a) What happens when copper is heated in air? (Give
colourless due to formation of calcium carbonate which the equation of the reaction involved).
is soluble in water. (b) Why are some metal oxides categorized as
[CBSE-31-1-1-(2023)] amphoteric? Give one example.

6. MnO2  xHCl  MnCl2  yH 2 O  zCl2 (c) Complete the following equations:

(a) 6, 2, 2 (b) 4, 1, 2 (i) Na2 O s   H 2 O l  

(c) 4, 2, 1 (d) 2, 2, 1 (ii) Al2 O3  2 NaOH 

[CBSE-31-1-1-(2023)]
OR
7. Assertion (A): The colour of aqueous solution of copper
(c) On burning sulphur in oxygen a colourless gas is
sulphate turns colourless when a piece of lead is added
produced.
to it
(i) Write chemical equation for the reaction
Reason (R): Lead is more reactive than copper, and
(ii) Name the gas formed
hence displaces copper from its salt solution
(iii) State the nature of the gas.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
explanation of (A).
CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS 3

(iv) What will be the action of this on a dry litmus [CBSE-31-2-1-(2023)]

paper? 14. When aqueous solutions of potassium iodide and lead
[CBSE-31-1-1-(2023)] nitrate are mixed, an insoluble substance separates out.

10. Which of the following is an example of endothermic The chemical equation for the reaction involved is:

process? (a) KI  PbNO3  PbI  KNO3

(a) Formation of slaked lime
(b) 2 KI  Pb  NO3 2  PbI 2  2 KNO3
(b) Decomposition of vegetable into compost
(c) KI  Pb  NO3 2  PbI  KNO3
(c) Dissolution of ammonium chloride in water

(d) Digestion of food in out body (d) KI  PbNO3  PbI 2  KNO3

[CBSE-31-2-1-(2023)] [CBSE-31-4-1-(2023)]

11. In order to balance the following chemical equation, the 15. A metal ribbon ‘X’ burns in oxygen with a dazzling
values of the coefficient x and y respectively are: white flame forming a white ash ‘Y’. The correct
description of X, Y and the type of reaction is:
xPb  NO3  2 
Heat
 2 PbO  yNO2  O2
(a) X = Ca, Y = CaO; Type of reaction =
(a) 2, 4 (b) 2, 2
Decomposition
(c) 2, 3 (d) 4, 2
(b) X = Mg; Y = MgO; Type of reaction =
[CBSE-31-2-1-(2023)] Combination
12. (a) What is observed when aqueous solutions of (c) X = Al; Y = Al2O3; Type of reaction =
potassium iodide and lead nitrate are mixed together? Thermal decomposition
Name the type of reaction and write the chemical
(d) X = Zn; Y =ZnO; Type of reaction =
equation for the reaction that occurs.
Endothermic
OR
[CBSE-31-4-1-(2023)]
(b) When copper power is heated in a watch glass, a
16. Assertion (A): Reaction of Quicklime with water is an
black substance is formed
exothermic reaction.
(i) Why is this black substance formed? Name it
Reason (R): Quicklime reacts vigorously with water
(ii) How can this black substance be reversed to its releasing a large amount of heat.
original form?
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
[CBSE-31-2-1-(2023)] explanation of (A).
13. Silver chloride kept in a china dish turns grey in (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct
sunlight. explanation of (A).
(a) Write the colour of silver chloride when it was kept (c) (A) is true, but (R) is true
in the china dish.
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
(b) Name the type of chemical reaction taking place and
[CBSE-31-4-1-(2023)]
write the chemical equation for the reaction.

(c) State one use of the reaction. Name one more

chemical which can be used for the same purpose.
 2 CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS

17. (A) A student took a small amount of copper oxide in a (c) NaOH (d) H 2
conical flask and added dilute acid to it with constant
[CBSE-31-5-1-(2023)]
stirring. He observed a change in colour of the solution.
21. Assertion (A): In the following reaction
(i) Write the name of the compound formed and its
ZnO  C  Zn  CO
colour.
ZnO undergoes reduction
(ii) Write balanced chemical equation for the reaction
involved. Reaction: Carbon is a reducing agent that reduces ZnO
to Zn.
OR
releasing a large amount of heat.
(b) The industrial process used for the manufacture of
caustic soda involved electrolysis of an aqueous (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct

solution of compound ‘X’. In this process, two gases ‘Y’ explanation of (A).

and ‘Z’ are liberated. ‘Y’ is liberated at cathode and ‘Z’,
which is liberated at anode, on treatment with dry slaked
lime forms a compound ‘B’. name X, Y, Z and B.
[CBSE-31-4-1-(2023)]
18. (i) While electrolyzing water before passing the current
some drops of an acid are added. Why? Name the gases
liberated at cathode and anode. Write the relationship
between the volume of gas collected at anode and the
volume of gas collected at cathode.
(ii) What is observed when silver chloride is exposed to
sunlight? Give the type of reaction involved.
[CBSE-31-4-1-(2023)]
19. The balanced chemical equation showing reaction
between quicklime and water is:
(a) 2CaO  H 2 O  2CaOH  H 2  Heat
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct
explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is true
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
[CBSE-31-5-1-(2023)]
22. (a) Define a double displacement reaction.
(b) Write the chemical equation of a double
displacement reaction which is also a (i) Neutralization
reaction and (ii) Precipitation reaction. Give
justification for your answer.
[CBSE-31-5-1-(2023)]
23. Select the appropriate state symbols of the products
given as X and Y in the following chemical equation by
choosing the correct option from table given below:
Zn s   H 2 SO4l   ZnSO4 X   H 2Y 

(b) CaO  H 2 O  Ca  OH 2  H 2  Heat

(X) (Y)
(c) CaO  H 2 O  Ca  OH 2  Heat
(a) (s) l 
(d) 2CaO  3H 2O  2Ca  OH 3  O2  Heat
(b)  aq  g
[CBSE-31-5-1-(2023)]

20. Study the following chemical reaction: (c)  aq   s

2 Na  s   2 H 2 O  l   2 NaOH  aq   H 2  g   (d) g  aq 
The reducing agent in this reaction is:

(a) Na (b) H 2 O
[CBSE-31-6-1-(2023)]
CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS 3

24. Consider the following chemical equation I and II 27. With the help of an appropriate example, justify that

I. Mg  2 HCl  MgCl2  H 2 some of the chemical reactions are determined by

(a) Change in temperature

II. NaOH  HCl  NaCl  H 2 O
(b) Evolution of a gas, and
The correct statement about these equations is –
(c) Change in colour
(a) ‘I’ is a displacement reaction and ‘II’ is a
Give chemical equation of the reaction involved in each
decomposition reaction.
case.
(b) ‘I’ is a displacement reaction and ‘II’ is double
[CBSE-31-1-6-(2023)]
displacement reaction.

(c) Both ‘I’ and ‘II’ are displacement reaction.

(d) Both ‘I’ and ‘II’ are double-displacement reactions.

[CBSE-31-6-1-(2023)]

25. State whether the given chemical reaction is a redox

reaction or not. Justify your answer.

MnO2  4 HCl  MnCl2  2 H 2 O  Cl2

[CBSE-31-6-1-(2023)]

26. (a) A substance ‘X’ is used as a building material and is

insoluble in water. When it reacts with dil. HCl, it
produces a gas which returns lime water milky.

(i) Write the chemical name and formula of ‘X’

(ii) Write chemical equations for the chemical reactions

involved in the above statements.

OR

(b) A metal ‘M’ on reacting with dilute acid liberates a

gas ‘G’. The same metal also liberates gas ‘G’ when
reacts with a base.

(i) Write the name of gas ‘G’.

(ii) How will you test the presence of this gas?

(iii) Write chemical equations for the reactions of the

metal with (1) an acid and (2) a base.

[CBSE-31-6-1-(2023)]
 2 CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS

Solutions
(b) A reaction in which the gain or loss of oxygen takes
place simultaneously is called a redox reaction.
1. (a) Thermal decomposition of lead nitrate which
produces brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide. 9. (a) 2Cu  O2  2CuO

2.  (b) Because they react with both acids and

bases to produce salt and water.
(b) Milk of magnesia Blue
 Al2 O3 / ZnO (any one)
3. (c) Na2 CO3 .10 H 2 O
(c) (i) Na2 o  s   H 2 O l   2 NaOH  aq 
4. (a) (i) X: Plaster of Paris/ Calcium sulphate
hemihydrate. (ii) Al2 O3  2 NaOH  2 NaAlO2  H 2 O

1 OR
 CaSO4 . H 2 O
2
(c) (i) S  O2  SO2
(ii)
(ii) Sulphur dioxide
 Baking soda - NaHCO3 / Sodium hydrogen
(iii) Acidic
carbonate/ Sodium bicarbonate
(iv) No Change
 Baking Power – A mixture of NaHCO3 / Baking
10. (c) Dissolution of ammonium chloride in water
soda + Tartaric acid / Any mild edible acid
11. (a) 2,4
OR
12. (a)
(b) (i) CuSO3 .5 H 2O 
Heat
 CuSO4  5H 2O
 Yellow precipate of lead iodide is formed
(ii) 2NaHCO3 
heat
 Na2 CO3  H 2O  CO2  Double displacement reaction/Precipitation

5. (b) It turns milky due to formation of calcium carbonate reaction

and on passing excess of carbon dioxide it becomes Pb  NO3 2  2KI  PbI 2  2 KNO3
colourless due to formation of calcium hydrogen
OR
carbonate which is soluble in water.
(b) (i) Oxygen is added to copper / Copper is oxidized
6. (c) 4, 2, 1
Copper oxide / CuO
7. (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
(ii) By passing hydrogen gas over it
explanation of (A).
Alternative answer
8. (a) (i) NH 3

(i) 1Cu  O2   2CuO
(ii) H 2 O
(ii) CuO  H 2  Cu  H 2 O
(iii) CO
13. (a) White
(iv) H 2
(b) Decomposition reaction / Photolytic decomposition
(A ward full mark if part (ii) of (a) is attempted)
2 AgCl 
sunlight
2 Ag  Cl2
CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS 3

(c) Used in black and white photography; AgBr/Silver  Acid reacts with base forming salt and water.
Bromide (ii)
14. (b) 2 KI  Pb  NO3 2  PbI 2  2 KNO3  Na2 SO4  BaCl2  BaSO4  2 NaCl (or any other

15. (b) X = Mg; Y = MgO; Type of reaction = reaction)

Combination  Insoluble substance or precipitate  BaSO4  is
16. (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct formed.
explanation of (A).
23. (b)
17. (A) (i)
(X) (Y)
 Copper (II) Chloride/ Copper Chloride / Cupric
chloride/ CuCl2
(b)  aq  g
 Colour – blue – green

(B) X : Sodium chloride/ NaCl 24. (b) ‘I’ is a displacement reaction and ‘II’ is double
Y: Hydrogen/ H 2 displacement reaction.

Z: Chlorine/ Cl2 25. Yes

HCl is oxidized to Cl2

B: Bleaching power/ CaOCl2
MnO2 is reduced to MnCl2
18. (i)

 To increase the conductivity of water 26. (a) (i) Chemical Name : Calcium Carbonate

 Hydrogen – Cathode Oxygen – anode Chemical formula : CaCO3

 Anode : Cathode (ii)  CaCO3  2 HCl  CaCl2  H 2 O  CO2 

1 :2
Ca  OH 2  CO2  CaCO3  H 2 O
/ Volume of hydrogen liberad at cathode is twice that
of oxygen liberated at anode. OR

 (ii) White silver chloride turns grey (b) (i) Hydrogen/ H 2

 Decomposition reaction/Photolytic decomposition. (ii) The gas burns with a pop sound
19. (c) CaO  H 2 O  Ca  OH 2  Heat (iii) (1) 2HCl  Zn  ZnCl2  H 2

20. (a) Na (2) 2NaOH  Zn  Na2 ZnO2  H 2

21. (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
27. (a) CaO  H 2 O  Ca  OH 2  Heat
explanation of (A).
(or any other reaction showing release or absorption of
22. (a) Reactions in which there is ann exchange of ions
heat)
between the reactants.

(b) (i) (b) Zn  H 2 SO4  ZnSO4  H 2 g   (or any other)

 HCl  NaOH  NaCl  H 2O (or any other (c) CuSO4 .5 H 2 O 

heat
 CuSO4  5H 2O (or any other)
 Blue   white 
reaction)