H Math Chapter-5-69

beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ  150
cÂg Aa¨vq
mgxKiY Karl Friedrich Gauss
msL¨v Z‡Ë¡ Ae`v‡bi Rb¨ Kvj© †d«wWªK MvDm (1777 − 1855)
Equations †K MwY‡Zi ivRcyÎ ejv nq| wZwb KuvUv K¤úv‡mi mvnv‡h¨ mylg
17 fzR A¼b K‡i L¨vwZ jvf K‡ib|
A b yk xj b x 5 .1
cvV m¤úwK©Z MyiæZ¡c~Y© welqvw`
 GK PjK mgwš^Z w`^NvZ mgxKiY I Zvi mgvavb :
GK PjKwewkó wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi Av`k©iƒc ax2 + bx + c = 0. GLv‡b, a, b, c ev¯Íe msL¨v Ges a  0|
mgxKiYwUi mgvavb,
ax2 + bx + c = 0
ev, a2x2 + abx + ac = 0 [Dfqcÿ‡K a Øviv ¸Y K‡i]
b b 2 b 2
() () ()
ev, (ax)2 + 2(ax) 2 + 2 − 2 + ac = 0
b 2 b2
( )
ev, ax + 2 = 4 − ac
b 2 b2 − 4ac
( )
ev, ax + 2 = 4
b b2 − 4ac
ev, ax + 2 =  2
b b2 − 4ac
ev, ax = − 2  2
−b  b2 − 4ac
ev, x = 2a
       (i)
AZGe, x Gi `yBwU gvb cvIqv †Mj Ges gvb `yBwU n‡”Q,
−b + b2 − 4ac
(i) x1 = 2a
       (ii)
−b − b − 4ac
2
(ii) x2 = 2a
      (iii)
Dc‡ii (i) bs mgxKi‡Y b2 − 4ac †K wØNvZ mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK e‡j| KviY Bnv mgxKiYwUi g~jØ‡qi aib I cÖK…wZ wbY©q K‡i|
wbðvq‡Ki Ae¯’v‡f‡` wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi g~jØ‡qi aib I cÖK…wZ
(i) b2 − 4ac > 0 Ges c~Y©eM© n‡j mgxKiYwUi g~jØq ev¯Íe, Amgvb I g~j` n‡e|
(ii) b2 − 4ac > 0 wKš‘ c~Y©eM© bv n‡j mgxKiYwUi g~jØq ev¯Íe, Amgvb I Ag~j` n‡e|
b b
(iii) b2 − 4ac = 0 n‡j mgxKiYwUi g~jØq ev¯Íe I ci¯úi mgvb n‡e| G‡¶‡Î x = − 2a , − 2a .
(iv) b2 − 4ac < 0 A_©vr FYvZ¥K n‡j ev¯Íe g~j bvB|
Abykxjbxi cÖkœ I mgvavb

m~‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ wb‡Pi mgxKiY¸‡jvi mgvavb Ki : −b  b2 − 4ac
cÖkœ \ 1 \ 2x + 9x + 9 = 0
2 AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~ j Øq x=
2a
mgvavb : 2x2 + 9x + 9 = 0 †K wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi Av`k©iƒc ax2 + −9  92 − 4.2.9
ev, x =
bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB, a = 2, b = 9 Ges c = 9 2.2
−9  9
ev, x = 4
−9  9 A_©vr x1 = 2 + 3, x2 = 2 − 3
ev, x = 4 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : 2 + 3, − 3
−9  3
ev, x = 4 cÖkœ \ 4 \ 2x2 − 5x − 1 = 0
−9 + 3 −9−3 mgvavb : 2x2 − 5x − 1 = 0
A_©vr x1 = 4 Ges x2 = 4 mgxKiYwU‡K Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_
x1 =
–6
x2 =
− 12 Zzjbv K‡i cvB, a = 2, b = −5 Ges c = −1
4 4
−b  b2 − 4ac
−3 AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x =
 x1 = 2 , x2 = − 3 2a
−3 −(−5)  (− 5)2 − 4.2(−1)

wb‡Y©q mgvavb : 2 , − 3 ev, x = 2.2
cÖkœ \ 2 \ 3 − 4x − 2x2 = 0 5  25 + 8
ev, x = 4
mgvavb : 3 − 4x − 2x2 = 0
1 1
ev, −2x2 − 4x + 3 = 0 A_©vr x1 = 4 (5 + 33), x2 = 4 (5 − 33)
mgxKiYwUi Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ 1 1
Zzjbv K‡i cvB, a = − 2, b = − 4 Ges c = 3 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : 4 (5 + 33), 4 (5 − 33)
−b  b2 − 4ac cÖkœ \ 5 \ 3x2 + 7x + 1 = 0
AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x = 2a
mgvavb : 3x2 + 7x + 1 = 0
−4  42 − 4.2.(−3)
ev, x = mgxKiYwU‡K Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_
2.2
−4  16 + 24
Zzjbv K‡i cvB, a = 3, b = 7 Ges c = 1
ev, x = 4 −b  b2 − 4ac
AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x =
−4  40 2a
ev, x = 4
−4  2 10 −7  72 − 4.3.1
ev, x = 4 ev, x = 2.3
2( − 2  10) −7 49 − 12
ev, x = 4 ev, x = 6
− 2  10
ev, x = −7  37
2 ev, x = 6
ev, x = − 1  210 −7  37
ev, x = 6
A_©vr x1 = − 1 + 210 , x2 = − 1 − 210 1 1
A_©vr x1 = 6 (− 7 + 37), x2 = 6 (− 7 − 37)
( )(
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : − 1 + 210 , − 1 − 210 ) 1 1
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : 6 (−7 − 37), 6 (−7 + 37)
cÖkœ \ 3 \ 4x − 1 − x2 = 0
mgvavb : 4x − 1 − x2 = 0 cÖkœ \ 6 \ 2 − 3x2 + 9x = 0
ev, −x2 + 4x − 1 = 0
mgvavb : 2 − 3x2 + 9x = 0
mgxKiYwUi Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_
Zzjbv K‡i cvB, a = 1, b = −4 Ges c = 1 ∴ − 3x2 + 9x + 2 = 0
−b  b2 − 4ac mgxKiYwU‡K Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_
AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x = 2a Zzjbv K‡i cvB, a = − 3, b = 9 Ges c = 2
−b  b2 − 4ac
− (− 4)  (− 4)2 − 4.1.1 AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x = 2a
x=
2.1
− 9  92 − 4.(− 3).2
416 − 4 ev, x = 2.(− 3)
ev, x = 2
− 9  81 + 24
4  12 ev, x = −6
ev, x = 2
− 9  105
42 3 ev, x =
ev, x = 2
−6
9  105
2(2  3) ev, x =
ev, x = 2
6
ev, x = 2  3
9 + 105 9 − 105 cÖkœ \ 8 \ 2x2 + 7x − 1 = 0
A_©vr x1 = 6
, x2 =
6 mgvavb : 2x2 + 7x − 1 = 0
9 + 105 9 − 105 mgxKiYwU‡K Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : 6
,
6 Zzjbv K‡i cvB, a = 2, b = 7 Ges c = −1
AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x = −b  2ab − 4ac
2
cÖkœ \ 7 \ x − 8x + 16 = 0
2
mgvavb : x − 8x + 16 = 0
2
mgxKiYwU‡K Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_  x = −7  (7)2 − 4.2(−1) = −7  49 + 8 = −7 57

Zzjbv K‡i cvB, a = 1, b = −8 Ges c = 16 2.2 4 4
1 1
−b  b2 − 4ac  x1 = (−7 + 57), x2 = (−7 − 57)
4 4
AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x = 2a wb‡Y©q mgvavb : 14(−7 + 57), 14 (−7 − 57)
−(−8)  (−8)2 − 4.1.16 8  64 − 64 8  0
x=
2.1
=
2
=
2
cÖkœ \ 9 \ 7x − 2 − 3x2 = 0
mgvavb : 7x − 2 − 3x2 = 0
8+0 8−0
 x1 =
2
, x2 =
2
ev, −3x2 + 7x − 2 = 0
mgxKiYwU‡K Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_
A_©vr, x1 = 4, x2 = 4 Zzjbv K‡i cvB, a = − 3, b = 7 Ges c = − 2
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : 4, 4 −b  b2 − 4ac
AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x = 2a
− 7  72 −4 (− 3).(− 2)
ev, x = 2.(− 3)
− 7  49 − 24
ev, x = −6
− 7  25
ev, x = − 6
−75
ev, x = − 6
−7+5 −7−5
∴ x1 = x2 =
−6 −6
−2 −12
= =
−6 −6
1
= =2
3
1
A_©vr x1 = 3, x2 = 2
1
wb‡Y©q mgvavb: x = 3 , 2
¸iæZ¡c~Y© enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi

1. 3x2 − 2x − 1 = 0 mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK KZ? 8. ax2 + bx + c = 0 wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq ev¯Íe n‡e hLb−
K −8 L −4 M4  16 i. b2 − 4ac > 0
2. x2 − 6x + 9 = 0 mgxKiYwUi wbðvq‡Ki gvb KZ? ii. b2 − 4ac = 0
K −1 0 M1 N2 iii. b2− 4ac < 0
3. x2 − 8x + 16 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi wbðvqK KZ? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K −4 0 M4 N8 2  i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
4. a(x + b) < c Ges a < 0 n‡j AmgZvwUi mgvavb †KvbwU? 9. ax + bx + c = 0 G−
2
c c c c i. a-Gi gvb k~b¨ n‡Z cv‡i bv

K x< −b  x> −b M x< +b N x> +b
b a a a ii. b2 − 4ac †K wbðvqK e‡j
5. †KvbwU mij‰iwLK dvsk‡bi mvaviY iƒc? iii. b2 − 4ac > 0 wKš‘ c~Y©eM© bv n‡j mgxKiYwUi g~jØq
 f(x) = mx + c L f(x) = ax2 + bx + c
ev¯Íe, Amgvb I g~j` n‡e
M f(x, y) = x2 + y2 = a2 N f(x) = 4ax
6. 2x2 − 3x − 1 = 0 Gi wbðvqK KZ?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K 15 L 16  17 N 18  i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
7. F(x) = (x − 1)2 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? 10. ax + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq ev¯Íe I g~j` n‡j−
2
K 1+y L1− y  1± y N1+ y i. b2 − 4ac > 0 Ges c~Y©eM© n‡e

ii. b2− 4ac > 0 Ges c~Y©eM© bq  i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
iii. b2 − 4ac = 0 wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 13 I 14 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? ax2 + bx + c = 0 hv wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi Av`k©iƒc|
Ki L ii  i I iii N i, ii I iii 13. hw` a = 1, b = − 1 Ges c = 1 nq, Z‡e x Gi gvb KZ?
11. 2x2 − 7x − 1 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq− 1± −3 1± 3
i. ev¯Íe ii. Amgvb  L
2 2
iii. Ag~j` 1+ −3 1− 3
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M N
2 2
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii  i, ii I iii 14. mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK n‡”Q−
12. a − 11a + 30 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi exRØq−
2
−b ± b2 − 4ac −b − b2 − 4ac
i. c~Y©msL¨v ii. Amgvb K
2a
L
2a
iii. Aev¯Íe  b2 − 4ac N b2 + 4ac
AwZwi³ enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi

27. 3 − 4x − x2 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi wbðvq‡Ki gvbÑ (ga¨g)
51 : GK PjK msewjZ wØNvZ mgxKiY I Zvi  28 L−2 7 M2+ 7 N 2 7
mgvavb 28. x2 − 2x − 2 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
1 3 L 2 3 M3 3 N 4 3
mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 29. ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwUi mgvavb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
15. ax2 + bx + c = 0 Ges a, b, c ev¯Íe msL¨v n‡j 7x – 2 – −a a2 − 4ab b b2 − 4ac
3x2 = 0 mgxKi‡Y c Gi gvb †KvbwU? (mnR) K L
2a 2b
K0  –2 M –3 N7 −b+ b2 − 4ac −b b2 − 4ac
16. ax2 + bx + c = 0 Ges a, b, c ev¯Íe msL¨v n‡j 2 – 3x2 + x M
2a

2a
= 0 mgxKi‡Y a-Gi gvb †KvbwU? (mnR) 30. ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwU‡Z wbðvqK wb‡Pi †KvbwU n‡e?
K0 L2  –3 N9 (mnR)
17. †Kv‡bv AÁvZ ivwk ev ivwkgvjv hLb wbw`©ó msL¨vi ev gv‡bi K a2 − 4ab  b2 − 4ac M c2 − 4ab N b2 − 4ab
mgvb †jLv nq ZLb Zv‡K Kx e‡j? (mnR) 31. wb‡Pi †KvbwU GK PjKwewkó wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi Av`k©iƒc?(mnR)
K ivwk L ivwkgvjv M mgvavb  mgxKiY K ax + by = 0  ax2 + bx + c = 0
18. x2 – 5x + 6 = 0 Gi mgvavb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g) 2 2
M ax + by + c = 0 N ax + bx2 + c = 0
K 1, 3 L 1, 2  2, 3 N 3, 4 32. wb‡Pi †Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨ ax2 + bx + c = 0 GKwU wØNvZ
19. 3x – 7 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g) mgxKiY n‡e? (ga¨g)
2 1 7
K5 L M  Ka=1 Lb=0 Mb0 a0
5 2 3
33. †h mgxKi‡Y AÁvZ PjK m~PKiƒ‡c _v‡K Zv‡K Kx e‡j? (ga¨g)
20. 8x2 – 3x – 5 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi NvZ KZ? (ga¨g)
K1 2 M3 N –8 K AÁvZ PjK  m~PK mgxKiY
21. wb‡Pi †KvbwU GK PjK wewkó wØNvZ mgxKiY? (mnR) M mgZv N dvskb
K 3x – 3 = 2 L7–x=3 34. Pj‡Ki †h gvb ev gvb¸‡jvi Rb¨ mgxKi‡Yi Dfq cÿ mgvb
 5x2 – 2x – 5 = 0 N 3x3 – 2x – 2 = 0 nq Zv‡K H mgxKi‡Yi Kx e‡j? (ga¨g)
22. ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi wbðvqK b2 − 4ac > 0 Ges
 exR L AmgZv M †mU N wØc`
c~Y©eM© n‡j g~jØq n‡eÑ (mnR)
35. 5x2 + 6x + 8 = 0 wØNvZ mgxKiYwUi g~j KqwU? (ga¨g)
 ev¯Íe, Amgvb I g~j` L ev¯Íe, Amgvb I Ag~j`
K GKwU  `yBwU M wZbwU N PviwU
M ev¯Íe I ci¯úi mgvb N ev¯Íe I Ag~j`
23. wbðvqK b2 − 4ac > 0 Ges c~Y©eM© n‡j Kx n‡e? (mnR) 36. (3x − 6) mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (mnR)
K6 L3 2 N0
 g~jØq ev¯Íe L Aev¯Íe M Ag~j` N RwUj
(mnR) 37. 2x − 3x − 1 = 0 Gi wbðvqK KZ? (mnR)
2
24. b2 − 4ac < 0 n‡j g~jØq wKiƒc n‡e?
K 15 L 16  17 N 18
 Aev¯Íe L ev¯Íe M mgvb N c~Y©eM©
38. x2 − 6x + 9 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi wbðvqK wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (mnR)
25. ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi wbðvqK k~b¨ n‡j g~jØq Kx
K 40 L6 2 M 2 10 0
n‡e? (KwVb)
6 6 b b
39. ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwUi g~jØq ev¯Íe I ci¯úi mgvb
K− + − − M 2b N 2ab n‡j, wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (mnR)
2a 2a 2a 2a
26. x2 − 6x + 9 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g)  b2 − 4ac = 0 L b2 − 4ac  0
 3, 3 L3 M 4, 3 N 2, 3 M b2 − 4ac  0 N b2 − 4ac
40. x2 − 4x + 4 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~jØ‡qi cÖK…wZ wb‡Pi †KvbwU? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
(KwVb) K i I ii L i I iii  ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K ev¯ÍeI Amgvb  ev¯Íe I mgvb 50. am2 + bx + c = 0 wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq g~j` n‡e hLbÑ
M Ag~jÌ mgvb N Amgvb I g~j` i. b2 − 4ac > 0
41. wb‡Pi †KvbwU 4x2 − 1 − x2 = 0 Gi g~j? (KwVb) ii. b2 − 4ac < 0
iii. b2 − 4ac c~Y©
eM©
K−2− 3 L−2+ 3 2 3 N2+2 3
42. ax2 + bx + c = 0 Ges a, b, c ev¯Íe msL¨v n‡j x2 − x − 16 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
= 0 mgxKi‡Y b Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g) K i I ii  i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K1 −1 M 16 N − 16 51. ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Y c = 0 Ges a.b g~j` n‡jÑ
e¨vL¨v : Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 + bx + c = 0 cÖ`Ë i. g~j¸‡jv g~j`
mgxKiY 1.x2 + (− 1).x + (− 16) = 0
ii. GKwU g~j 0
∴ mgxKiYØq Zzjbv K‡i cvB a = 1, b = − 1, c = − 16
−b
43. x2 + 8x + 6 = 4x − 2 mgxKiYwU †Kvb ai‡bi mgxKiY? (mnR) iii. GKwU g~j
a
K GKNvZ  wØNvZ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
M wÎNvZ N `yB PjK K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii  i, ii I iii
44. x2 − 6x + 9 = 0 Gi g~jØq wKiƒc? (mnR) 52. ax2 + bx + c = 0, mgxKi‡Y b = c = 0 n‡j-
 ev¯Íe I ci¯úi mgvb L ev¯Íe I Ag~j` i. g~jØq mgvb n‡e
M ev¯Íe I ci¯úi Amgvb N ev¯Íe, Amgvb I Ag~jK ii. g~jØq wfbœ n‡e
iii. GKwU g~j 0 n‡e
enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb)
45. ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi †ÿ‡ÎÑ K i I ii  i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
i. a = 0 n‡j, mgxKi‡Yi g~j ev¯Íe n‡e 53. GKwU msL¨v Ges H msL¨vi ¸YvZ¥K wecixZ msL¨vi 3 ¸Y
ii. b = c = 0 n‡j, x = 0 n‡e 15| m¤¢ve¨ mgxKiYwU MVb Ki‡j nq−
−b  b2 −4c 1
iii. a = 1 n‡j, x = i. x + = 5
2 x
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) ii. x2 − 15x = 3
K i I ii L i I iii  ii I iii N i, ii I iii iii. x2 − 5x + 1 = 0
46. ax2 + bx + c = 0 wØNvZ mgxKiY n‡jÑ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
K i I ii  i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
i. a  0
ii. wbðvqK = b2 − 4ac Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
iii. mgxKiYwUi `yBwU g~j _vK‡e
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (mnR) wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K n‡Z 54 - 56 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii  i, ii I iii
ax2 + bx + c = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
47. i. †Kv‡bv AÁvZ ivwk ev ivwkgvjv hLb wbw`©ó msL¨vi ev 54. a = 1, b = 2, c = 3 n‡j mgxKiYwU Kx n‡e? (mnR)
K x2 + 6x + 5 L x2 + x + c = 0
gv‡bi gvb †jLv nq ZLb Zv‡K mgxKiY e‡j|  x2 + 2x + 3 = 0 N x2 – x + 5 = 0
ii. ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi wØNvZ mgxKiY e‡j| 55. x2 – 5x + 4 = 0 mgxKiYwU‡Z c Gi gvb KZ? (mnR)
iii. exRMwY‡Zi mgxKi‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ A‡bK ev¯Íe mgm¨v K5 L1 M –5 4
mgvavb Kiv hvq| 56. x2 – 5x + 4 mgxKiYwUi wbðvq‡Ki gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (mnR) 9 L5 M2 3 N7
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii  i, ii I iii wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 57 Ñ 59 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
48. 2 − 3x2 + 9x = 0 mgxKi‡YÑ x2 − 8x + 16 = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
i. a = 3, b = 9, c = 2, †hLv‡b Av`k© mgxKiY 57. ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv Ki‡j mgxKiYwU‡Z a, b,
ax2 + bx + c = 0 c Gi gvb h_vµ‡g †KvbwU? (mnR)
ii. wbðvqK = 105 K 1, 8, − 16  1, − 8, 16 M − 1, 8, 16 N − 1, − 8, 16
iii. g~jØq ev¯Íe 58. mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK KZ? (ga¨g)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (mnR) K −8 0 M1 N 16
K i I ii L i I iii  ii I iii N i, ii I iii 59. mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (mnR)
K − 4, − 4 L 4, − 4 M − 4, 4  4, 4
49. ax + bx + c = 0, wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi †ÿ‡ÎÑ
2
wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 60 Ñ 62 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
i. a = 0 n‡Z cv‡i
x2 − 5x + 6 = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
−b b2 − 4ac 60. ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv Ki‡j mgxKiYwU‡Z b Gi gvb
ii. x =
2
KZ? (mnR)
iii. g~j `yBwU K6 L1 Mb −5
61. Gi exRØq wb‡Pi †KvbwU? 65. mgxKiYwUi g~jØq wKiƒc?
(KwVb) (mnR)
 3, 2 L 2, 3 M 5, 6 N − 3, 2 K ev¯Íe I g~j` L Aev¯Íe
62. mgxKi‡Yi exRØq wKiƒc n‡e? (ga¨g)  ev¯Íe I Ag~j` N ev¯Íe, Aev¯Íe I Ag~j`
K mij  ev¯Íe I ci¯úi Amgvb
wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 66 I 67 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M FYvZ¥K N ev¯Íe I mgvb
ax2 + bx + c = 0 †hLv‡b a, b, c ev¯Íe Ges a  0
wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 63 Ñ 65 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
3 − 4x − x2 = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
66. cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq mgvb I ev¯Íe n‡j †KvbwU mwVK? (mnR)
K b2 = − 4ac L b2 =  4ac
63. mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK KZ? (mnR)
M b2 = b2 > 4ac  b2 = 4ac
K 24 L 16 M − 28  28
67. a = − 1, b = − 4, c = 3 n‡j mgxKiYwUi wbðvq‡Ki eM©g~j
64. mgxKiYwUi g~jØq †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
†KvbwU? (ga¨g)
K2 7 L 2 7
K 7 L 49 2 7 N 2 49
M−( 2 7) −( 2 7)
wbe©vwPZ enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi

68. ax2 + bx + c = 0 Ges a, b, c ev¯Íe msL¨v n‡j 3 − 5x2 = 0 i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
mgxKi‡Yi b Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? 76. 2x2 − 9 = x mgxKi‡Yi-
0 L1 M3 N−5 i. g~j 3, − 3.
69. x2 − x − 5 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~j wb‡Pi †KvbwU? ii. eM©K…Z mgxKi‡Yi g~j 3, − 3
1  21 − 1 − 21 4 + 29 5 + 29 iii. AevšÍi g~j Av‡Q
 L M N
2 2 2 2 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
70. x2 − 4x + 4 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~j KqwU? K i I ii L i I iii  ii I iii N i, ii I iii
2 L3 M4 N5 wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 77 I 78 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
71. wØNvZ mgxKiY †KvbwU? 3x2 + 7x + 1 = 0 GKwU GK PjKwewkó wØNvZ mgxKiY|
K ax + b + c L ax + b
77. mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK KZ?
Mc  ax2 + bx + c
K 36  37 M 40 N 49
72. bx2 + 7x − 1 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi wbðvq‡Ki gvb 57 n‡j b Gi 78. mgxKi‡Yi g~j¸‡jvi cÖK…wZ wKiƒc?
gvb KZ? K ev¯Íe I g~j` L Aev¯Íe I g~j`
2 L4 M 12 N 24
 ev¯Íe I Ag~j` N Aev¯Íe I mgvb
73. ax2 + bx + c = 0, wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq ev¯Íe n‡j− wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 79 I 80 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
i. b2 − 4ac  0
ii. b2 − 4ac = 0
−2 − 7 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY ax 2 + bx + c = 0 Gi g~j|
iii. b2 − 4ac  0 79. Aci g~jwU Kx n‡e?

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K−2− 7 −2+ 7 M2− 7 N2+ 7
 i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 80. wØNvZ mgxKiYwU Kx?
 x2 + 4x − 3 = 0 L x2 − 7 x − 2 = 0
74. 2x2 − 11x + 9 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi−
M x2 + (2 + 7) x = 0 N x2 + 2 3 x − 3 = 0
i. GKwU g~j 1
wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 81 - 83 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
ii. wbðvqK 49
3 − 4x − x2 = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
iii. g~j¸‡jv g~j`
81. mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK KZ?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?  28 L 24 M 16 N − 28
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii  i, ii I iii 82. mgxKiYwUi g~jØq wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
75. †Kv‡bv wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi wbðvqK D = b2 − 4ac n‡j, K2 7 L 2 7
mgxKiYwUi g~jØq-
 − (2  7) N − ( 2 7)
i. mgvb n‡e hw` D = 0 nq
83. mgxKi‡Yi g~jØ‡qi cÖK…wZ wKiƒc?
ii. Amgvb I ev¯Íe n‡e hw` D  0 nq
K ev¯Íe I g~j`  Aev¯Íe
iii. Amgvb I g~j` n‡e hw` D  0 nq
M ev¯Íe I mgvb N Ag~j`
A byk xj b g ~j K K v‡R i A v‡j v‡K m„R b kxj cÖk œ I mg vavb

œ 1  ax2 + bx + c = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
cÖk-
K. cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU †Kvb ai‡bi mgxKi‡Yi K. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY, ax2 + bx + c = 0
Av`k©iƒc? 2 c = 0 n‡j, ax2 + bx = 0
L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY n‡Z x Gi `yBwU gvb wbY©q Ki| 4
ev, x(ax + b) = 0
M. b = c = 0 n‡j, x1 I x2 Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| 4
 1 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb   x = 0 A_ev ax + b = 0
K. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY ax2 + bx + c = 0 n‡”Q GK PjK mgwš^Z  x = 0 A_ev x = −

b
a
wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi Av`k©iƒc| †hLv‡b a, b, c ev¯Íe|
msL¨v Ges a Gi gvb KL‡bvB k~b¨ (0) n‡Z cvi‡e bv| myZivs g~jØ‡qi cÖK…wZ ev¯Íe I Amgvb|
L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY, ax + bx + c = 0
2
L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY, ax2 + bx + c = 0
ev, a2x2 + abx + ac = 0 [Dfqcÿ‡K a Øviv ¸Y K‡i]
b b 2 b 2 ev, a2x2 + abx + ac = 0 [Dfqcÿ‡K a Øviv ¸Y K‡i]
() ()
ev, (ax)2 + 2(ax) 2 + 2 − 2 + ac = 0
b b 2 b 2
( ) b 2 b2
ev, ax + 2 = 4 − ac
() ()
ev, (ax)2 + 2.ax. 2 + 2 − 2 + ac = 0
b 2 b2
b b − 4ac
2 2 ev, (ax + 2) − ( 4 − ac) = 0
ev, (ax + 2) = 4
2
b b 2
b b2 − 4ac ev, (ax + 2) = 4 − ac
ev, ax + = 
2 2
b b − 4ac
2 2
b b2 − 4ac ev, (ax + 2) = 4
ev, ax = − 
2 2
b b2 − 4ac
−b b2 − 4ac ev, ax + 2 = 
ev, x = 2a
4
AZGe, x Gi `yBwU gvb cvIqv †Mj Ges gvb `yBwU n‡”Q b b2 − 4ac
ev, ax = − 2  4
−b+ b2 − 4ac −b− b2 − 4ac
x1 =
2a
Ges x2 = 2a −b b2 − 4ac
ev, x = 2a
−b+ b2 − 4ac
M. ÔLÕ n‡Z cÖvß, x1 = 2a AZGe, x-Gi `yBwU gvb cvIqv †Mj Ges gvb `yBwU n‡”Q-
−b− b2 − 4ac −b+ b2 − 4ac −b− b2 − 4ac
Ges x2 = 2a
x1 =
2a
Ges x2 = 2a
(Ans.)
hLb b = c = 0 ZLb, M. GLb, a = 1, b = c = 2p n‡j,

−0+ 0 − 4.a.0 0
x1 =
2a
= =0
2a −2p  (2p)2 − 412p
x=
21
hLb b = c = 0 ZLb,
−0− 0 − 4a0 0 − 2p  4p2 − 8p
x2 = = =0 =
2a 2a 2
− 2p  4(p2 − 2p)
œ 2  ax2 + bx + c = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY †hLv‡b a, b I c
cÖk- =
2
ev¯Íe msL¨v Ges a  0.
− 2p  2 p2 − 2p
K. c = 0 n‡j mgxKiYwUi g~jØq †ei Ki Ges g~jØ‡qi =
2
cÖK…wZ we‡kølY Ki| 2 =−p p2 − 2p
L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY n‡Z x1 I x2 wbY©q Ki| 4  x1 = − p + p2 − 2p Ges x2 = − p − p2 − 2p (Ans.)
M. a = 1, b = c = 2p n‡j x1 I x2 Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| 4
 2 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb 
AwZwi³ m„R bkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb

œ 3  x2 + 8x + 16 = 0
cÖk- L. m~‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ mgvavb Ki| 4
K. Av`k©iƒc mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i a, b, c Gi M. mgxKiYwUi g~‡ji cÖK…wZ Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
gvb wbY©q Ki| 2  3 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb 
K. x + 8x + 16 = 0
2
−b + b2 − 4ac
Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB, x1 =
2a
a = 1, b = 8, c = 16 −b − b2 − 4ac
−8 (8)2 − 4.1.16 Ges x2 = 2a
L. mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x = 2.1 M. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY 7x2 − x − 8 = 0
−8  64 − 64 ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvIqv hvq
=
2
−80 a = 7, b = − 1 Ges c = − 8
=  mgxKiYwUi mgvavb,
2
−8+0 −8−0 − (−1)  (− 1)2 − 4.7. (− 8)
= , x=
2 2 2.7
= − 4, − 4
1  1 + 224 1  225 1  15
 mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x1 = −4, x2 = −4 =
14
=
14
=
14
M. †Ìqv Av‡Q, x2 + 8x + 16 = 0 1 + 15 1 − 15
wbðvqK = b2 − 4ac A_©vr x1 = 14 Ges x2 = 14
= (8)2 − 4.1.16 16 −14
= 64 − 64 =
14
=
14
=0
8
†h‡nZz b2 − 4ac = 0 myZivs g~jØq ev¯Íe I mgvb| = = −1
7
œ 4
cÖk- ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwU GK PjK msewjZ Av`k© 8
 wb‡Y©q g~jØq , − 1
wØNvZ mgxKiY| 7
K. mgxKiY Kv‡K e‡j? 2 cÖk-œ 5  ax2 + bx + c = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY| mgxKi‡Yi

L. DÏxc‡Ki mgxKiYwUi g~jØq wbY©q Ki| 4 `yBwU g~j n‡jv, a1 I a2|
M. DÏxc‡Ki mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i 7x2 − x − 9 K. wØNvZ mgxKiY Kx? 2
= 0 mgxKiYwUi g~j wbY©q Ki| 4
L. mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK wbY©q Ki| 4
 4 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb  M. a = 3, b = 4, c = − 7 n‡j, mgxKiYwUi mgvavb Ki| 4
K. mgxKiY : †Kv‡bv AÁvZ ivwk hLb wbw`©ó msL¨vi mgvb †jLv
nq ZLb Zv‡K mgxKiY e‡j| †hgb : 2x + y = 0, x + y +
3x = 0 BZ¨vw`| K. †h mgxKi‡Y NvZ ev kw³ `yB Zv‡K wØNvZ mgxKiY e‡j|
L. DÏxc‡Ki mgxKiYwU ax2 + bx + c = 0 †hgb : px2 + qx + r = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
Avgiv wØNvZ mgxKiYwUi mgvavb Kwi, L. 4bs L `ªóe¨|
ax2 + bx + c = 0
M. DÏxc‡Ki mgxKiYwU ax2 + bx + c = 0
ev, a2x2 + abx + ac = 0 [ a Øviv ¸Y K‡i]
b b
2
b
2 GLv‡b, a = 3, b = 4, c = − 7.
2
() ()
ev, (ax)2 + 2.ax. 2 + 2 − 2 + ac = 0  L †_‡K cÖvß
b2 b2 − 4ac
ev, (ax + 2b) = 4 − ac
2
x=−b
2a
b b − 4ac
2
−4 (4)2 − 4.3 ( −7)
ev, (ax + 2) = 4 =
2.3
b2 − 4ac − 4  16 + 84 − 4  100 − 4  10
ev, ax + 2b =  2
[eM©g~j K‡i] =
6
=
6
=
6
b2 − 4ac b − 4 + 10 6
ev, ax =  2
−
2
 x1 =
6
= =1
6
– b ± b2 − 4ac − 4 − 10 − 14 − 7
ev, x = Ges x2 = 6 = 6 = 3
2a
 x Gi 2wU gvb cvIqv hv‡”Q, −7
 wb‡Y©q mgvavb; x1 = 1, x2 =
3
wbe©vwPZ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb

œ 6
cÖk- ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwU GKPjK msewjZ wØNvZ K. wØNvZ mgxKiY ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
mgxKiY| L. DÏxc‡Ki mgxKiYwUi g~jØq wbY©q Ki| 4
M. 2x2 − 5x − 1 = 0 mgxKiYwUi g~j wbY©q Ki|
(DÏxc‡Ki mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i)| 4 L. 4bs Gi L `ªóe¨|
 6 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb  M. cvV¨ eB‡qi Abykxjbx 51, D`vniY 4 c„ôv-91 `ªóe¨|
K. + bx + c = 0, a  0 AvKv‡ii mgxKiY‡K wØNvZ mgxKiY ejv nq| cÖk-
ax2 œ 8  a, b, c ev¯Íe msL¨v Ges a  0 n‡j ax2 + bx + c = 0
L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY, ax2 + bx + c = 0 n‡jv GK PjK wewkó wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi Av`k©iƒc|
ev, a2x2 + abx + ac = 0 [Dfqcÿ‡K a Øviv ¸Y K‡i] K. mgxKiYwUi KqwU exR i‡q‡Q? Gi wbðvq‡Ki gvb KZ? 2
2 2
b b b L. mgxKiYwUi mgvavb Ki| AZtci g~j¸‡jvi aib I
2
() ()
ev, (ax)2 + 2.ax. 2 + 2 − 2 + ac = 0
cÖK…wZ wbY©q Ki| 4
b b2 M. 3 − 4x − x = 0 mgxKiY‡K cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_
2
( ) ( )
ev, ax + 2 − 4 − ac = 0
2
Zzjbv K‡i a, b, c Gi gvb wjL Ges mgxKiYwUi
b b2 mgvavb Ki| 4
( )
ev, ax + 2 = 4 − ac
2  8 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb 
b b − 4ac 2
ev, (ax + 2) = 4 K. †Ìqv Av‡Q, a, b, c ev¯Íe msL¨v|
b b2 − 4ac Ges ax2 + bx + c = 0; a  0 .....................(i)
ev, ax + 2 =  4 mgxKiYwU wØNvZ, AZGe Gi `yBwU g~j we`¨gvb|
b b2 − 4ac mgxKi‡Yi wbðvqK = b2 − 4ac (Ans.)
ev, ax = − 2  2 L. 4bs Gi L `ªóe¨|
−b b2 − 4ac b2 − 4ac cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK hv mgxKiYwUi g~jØ‡qi
ev, x = 2a aib I cÖK…wZ wbY©q K‡i|
AZGe, x −Gi `yBwU gvb cvIqv †Mj Ges gvb `yBwU n‡”Q- wbðvq‡Ki Ae¯’v‡f‡` mgxKiYwUi g~jØ‡qi aib I cÖK…wZ :
−b+ b2 − 4ac − b − b2 − 4ac (i) b2 − 4ac = 0 n‡j mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq ev¯Íe I ci¯úi
2a
Ges 2a
(Ans.)
b b
mgvb n‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î x = 2a , − 2a
M. 2x2 − 5x − 1 = 0 mgxKiYwU‡K Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY
ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB, (ii) b2 − 4ac  0Ges c~Y©eM© n‡j, mgxKiYwUi g~jØq
a = 2, b = − 5 Ges c = − 1 ev¯Íe, g~j` I Amgvb n‡e|
−b b2 − 4ac (iii) b2 − 4ac  0 Ges c~Y©eM© bv n‡j, mgxKiYwUi g~jØq
AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x = 2a ev¯Íe, Ag~j` I Amgvb n‡e|
5 (−5)2 − 4.2.(−1) (iv) b2 − 4ac  0 n‡j g~jØq Aev¯Íe n‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î g~jØq
= memgq `yBwU AbyeÜx RwUj msL¨v nq|
22
5  25 + 8 5  33 M. cvV¨ eB‡qi Abykxjbx 51, D`vniY 4 c„ôv-91 `ªóe¨|
= =
4 4
5 + 33 5 − 33 œ 9
cÖk- ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwU GK PjK msewjZ Av`k©
A_©vr, x1 = 4
Ges x2 =
4 wØNvZ mgxKiY|
(Ans.)
K. c = 0 n‡j g~j Kx n‡e Ges Gi cÖK…wZ wKiƒc? 2
œ 7  ax2 + bx + c = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi Av`k© iƒc
cÖk-
L. mgxKiYwUi g~jØq wbY©q Ki| 4
†hLv‡b, a, b I c ev¯Íe msL¨v Ges a  0
M. DÏxc‡Ki mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zz jbv K‡i 2x2 + 7x − 1 = 0
K. b2 − 4ac  0 n‡j mgxKiYwUi g~jØ‡qi aib I mgxKiYwUi g~j wbY©q Ki| 4
cÖK…wZ wKiƒc n‡e? 2
−b b2 − 4ac
L. †Ìqv †h, x = 2a
4 K. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY, ax2 + bx + c = 0
M. 3 − 4x − x2 = 0 mgxKiYwU DwjøwLZ mgxKi‡Yi c = 0 n‡j, ax2 + bx = 0
mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i mgvavb Ki| 4 ev, x(ax + b) = 0
 7 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb   x = 0 A_ev ax + b = 0
K. †Ìqv Av‡Q, b
 x = 0 A_ev x = −
a
ax2 + bx + c = 0 .....................(i)
†hLv‡b, a, b, c ev¯Íe msL¨v Ges a  0 myZivs g~jØ‡qi cÖK…wZ ev¯Íe I Amgvb|
(i) bs mgxKi‡Yi wbðvqK b − 4ac
2 L. m„Rbkxj 4(L) mgvavb †`L|
b2 − 4ac  0 Ges b2 − 4ac c~Y©eM© n‡j g~jØq ev¯Íe, Amgvb
I g~j` n‡e|
Avevi, b2 − 4ac  0 Ges b2 − 4ac c~Y©eM© bv n‡j g~jØq
ev¯Íe, Amgvb I Ag~j` n‡e|
M. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY, + 7x − 1 = 0
2x2 1
ev, x = 4 (−7  57)
DÏxc‡Ki mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB,
1 1
−7 72 − 4  2 (−1)  x = (− 7 + 57) Ges (− 7 − 57)
x= 4 4
22 1
− 7  49 + 8 − 7  57  mgxKiYwUi g~jØq (− 7 + 57) Ges (− 7 − 57) (Ans.)
= = 4
4 4
m„R bkxj cÖkœe¨vsK DËimn

cÖk- œ 12 
œ 10  x2 − 5x + 6 = 0, x2 − 6x + 9 = 0, x2 −2x − 2 = 0 cÖk- ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwU GK PjK m¤^wjZ
wZbwU wØNvZ mgxKiY| mgxKiY|
K. mgxKiY wZbwU‡K ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i a, b, K. mgxKiYwUi m‡e©v”P NvZ KZ? 2
c wbY©q Ki| 2 L. mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki| 4
L. †`LvI †h, cÖ_g `ywU mgxKi‡Yi g‡a¨ GKwU mvaviY g~j M. a = 1, b = −8 Ges c = 16 a‡i mgxKiYwUi g~j wbY©q Ki| 4
i‡q‡Q| 4 −b + b2 − 4ac −b − b2 − 4ac
DËi : K. 2; L. x = 2a
.
2a
; M. 4.4
M. Z…Zxq mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki Ges mgxKiY¸‡jvi g~jØ‡qi
œ 13 
cÖk- x2 − 5x + 6 = 0. 7x − 2 − 3x2 = 0, 4x − 1 − x2 = 0
cÖK…wZ we‡kølY Ki| 4 wZbwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
DËi : K. 1g mgxKi‡Y, a = 1, b = − 5, c = 6 K. mgxKiY wZbwU‡K ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i a, b, c wbY©q Ki| 2
2q mgxKi‡Y, a = 1, b = − 6, c = 9 L. †`LvI †h, cÖ_g `yBwU mgxKi‡Yi g‡a¨ GKwU mvaviY g~j i‡q‡Q| 4
3q mgxKi‡Y, a = 1, b = − 2, c = − 2 M. Z…Zxq mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki Ges mgxKiY¸‡jvi g~jØ‡qi
L. x = 1  3; cÖK…wZ we‡kølY Ki| 4
M. 1g mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq ev¯Íe, Amgvb I g~j`| 2q mgxKi‡Yi DËi : K. 1g mgxKi‡Y a = 1, b = −5, c = 6
g~jØq ev¯Íe I ci¯úi mgvb| 2q mgxKi‡Y a = −3, b = 7, c = −2
3q mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq ev¯Íe, Amgvb I Ag~j`| 3q mgxKi‡Y a = −1, b = 4, c = −1
M. x = 2 − 3, 2 + 3;
œ 11  x2 − 5x + 6 = 0 GKwU GK PjKwewkó wØNvZ
cÖk- 1g I 2q mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq ev¯Íe, Amgvb, g~j`|
mgxKiY| 3q mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq ev¯Íe, Amgvb, Ag~j`|
K. cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU‡K ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv Ki‡j a, œ 14  (k − 1)x2 − (k + 2)x + 4 = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
cÖk-
b I c Gi gvb KZ n‡e? 2 K. mgxKiYwU wbðvqK KZ? 2
L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU mgvavb K‡i ïw× cixÿv Ki| 4 L. k Gi gvb KZ n‡j mgxKi‡Yi g~j¸‡jv ev¯Íe I mgvb n‡e| 4
M. x2 − 6x + 9 = 0 mgxKiYwUi x Gi †h‡Kv‡bv GKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ M. k Gi gvb eënvi K‡i mgxKiY MVb Ki Ges mgxKi‡Yi
DÏxc‡Ki mgxKiYwU mZ¨ wKbv cÖgvY Ki| 4 g~j¸‡jv wbY©q Ki Ges g~‡ji cÖK…wZ e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
DËi : K. a = 1, b = −5, c = 6 DËi : K. D = k2 − 12k + 20; L. k = 10, 2;
L. x = 3, 2 M. mgxKiYØq 9x2 − 12x + 4 = 0; x2 − 4x + 4 = 0 Ges g~j
2
M. x = 3 Gi Rb¨ mZ¨| h_vµ‡g 3 Ges 2, ev¯Íe I Amgvb|
A b yk xj b x 5 .2

 g~j wPý mgwš^Z mgxKiY
Avgiv Rvwb, Pj‡Ki †h gvb ev gvb¸‡jvi Rb¨ mgxKi‡Yi Dfq c¶ mgvb nq, H gvb ev gvb¸‡jvB mgxKi‡Yi exR ev g~j (Root)
Ges H gvb ev gvb¸‡jvi Øviv mgxKiYwU wm× nq|
mgxKi‡Y Pj‡Ki eM©g~j msewjZ ivwk _vK‡j Zv‡K eM© K‡i eM©g~j wPýgy³ bZzb mgxKiY cvIqv hvq| D³ mgxKiY mgvavb K‡i †h
g~j¸‡jv cvIqv hvq A‡bK mgq me¸‡jv g~j cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU‡K wm× K‡i bv| G ai‡bi g~j AevšÍi (Extraneous) g~j| myZivs
g~jwPý msewjZ mgxKiY mgvavb cÖwµqvq cÖvß g~j¸‡jv cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi g~j wKbv Zv Aek¨B cix¶v K‡i †`Lv ìKvi| cix¶vi ci
†hme g~j D³ mgxKiY‡K wm× K‡i ZvB n‡e cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi g~j|

mgvavb Ki :  evgc¶ = Wvbc¶
cÖkœ \ 1 \ x − 4 + 2 = x + 12 6
myZivs 5 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
mgvavb : (x − 4) + 2 = x + 12 6
ev, ( x − 4 + 2)2 = ( x + 12) 2 [Dfqcÿ‡K eM© K‡i] wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 5
ev, x − 4 + 4 + 2 x − 4.2 = x + 12 cÖkœ \ 3 \ 2x + 7 + 3x − 18 = 7x + 1
ev, 4 x − 4 = x + 12 − x mgvavb : 2x + 7 + 3x − 18 = 7x + 1
ev, 4 x − 4 = 12 ev, ( 2x + 7 + 3x − 18)2 = ( 7x + 1)2
ev, x − 4 = 3 [Dfqcÿ‡K 4 Øviv fvM K‡i]
ev, 2x + 7 + 3x − 18 + 2 2x + 7 3x − 18 = 7x + 1
ev, ( x − 4)2 = 32 [Dfqcÿ‡K eM© K‡i]
ev, x − 4 = 9 ev, 2 (2x + 7) (3x − 18) = 2x + 12
ev, x = 9 + 4 ev, 2 6x2 − 15x − 126 = 2x + 12
 x = 13 ev, ( 6x2 − 15x − 126) 2 = (x + 6)2
ïw× cix¶v : x = 13 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Y ev, 6x2 − 15x − 126 = x2 + 12x + 36
evgcÿ = 13 −4 + 2 = 9 + 2 = 3 + 2 = 5 ev, 5x2 − 27x − 162 = 0
Wvbcÿ = 13 + 12 = 25 = 5 ev, 5x2 − 45x + 18x − 162 = 0
 evgcÿ = Wvbcÿ ev, 5x(x − 9) + 18(x − 9) = 0
myZivs x = 13 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi GKwU exR| ev, (x − 9) (5x + 18) = 0
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 13 nq, x − 9 = 0 A_ev, 5x + 18 = 0
cÖkœ \ 2 \ 11x − 6 = 4x + 5 − x − 1 x=9 −18
x=
mgvavb : 11x − 6 = 4x + 5 − x − 1 5
ev, ( 11x − 6) = ( 4x + 5 − x − 1) [Dfqcÿ‡K eM© K‡i] −18
x = 9 A_ev, 5
2 2
ev, 11x − 6 = 4x + 5 + x − 1 − 2 4x + 5 x − 1 ïw× cix¶v : GLb, x = 9 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi

ev, 11x − 6 − 5x − 4 = − 2 (4x + 5) (x − 1) evgc¶ = 2.9 + 7 + 3.9 − 18 = 25 + 9 = 5 + 3 = 8
ev, 6x − 10 = − 2 4x2 + x − 5 [Dfqcÿ‡K 2 Øviv fvM K‡i] Wvbc¶ = 7.9 + 1 = 64 = 8
ev, (3x − 5)2 = − ( 4x2 + x − 5)2 [Dfqcÿ‡K eM© K‡i]  evgc¶ = Wvbc¶
ev, 9x2 − 30x + 25 = 4x2 + x − 5 myZivs x = 9 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
ev, 9x2 − 30x + 25 − 4x2 − x + 5 = 0 −18
ev, 5x2 − 31x + 30 = 0 Avevi, x = 5 n‡j,
ev, 5x2 − 25x − 6x + 30 = 0
−18 −18
ev, 5x(x − 5) −6(x − 5) = 0 evgc¶ = 2. 5  + 7 + 3 5  − 18
ev, (x − 5) (5x − 6) = 0
−1 −144
 nq, x − 5 = 0 A_ev, 5x − 6 = 0 = + [hv Aev¯Íe]
5 9
6
x = 5 x=
5  evgcÿ  Wvbcÿ
6 − 18
 x = 5 A_ev myZivs x = 5 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR bq|
5
ïw× cix¶v : x = 5 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 9
evgc¶ = 11  5 − 6 = 55 − 6 = 49 = 7
Wvbc¶ = 4.5 + 5 − 5 − 1 = 25 − 4 = 5 − 2 = 3 cÖkœ \ 4 \ x + 4 + x + 11 = 8x + 9
 evgc¶  Wvbc¶ mgvavb : x + 4 + x + 11 = 8x + 9
myZivs x = 5 mgxKi‡Yi exR bq| ev, ( x + 4 + x + 11 )2 = ( 8x + 9)2
6 [Dfq cÿ‡K eM© K‡i]
Avevi, x = 5 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
6 66 36 6 ev, x + 4 + x + 11 + 2 x + 4 x + 11 = 8x + 9
evgc¶ = 11.5 − 6 = 5
−6=
5
= ev, 2 x2 + 15x + 44 = 8x + 9 − 2x − 15
5
evgc¶ =
6
4. + 5 −
6
−1 ev, 2 x2 + 15x + 44 = 6x – 6
5 5
ev, ( x2 + 15x + 44)2 = (3x − 3)2 [Dfq cÿ‡K eM© K‡i]
24 + 25 6−5
= − ev, x2 + 15x + 44 = 9x2 + 9 − 18x
5 5
7 1 6 ev, 8x2 – 33x – 35 = 0
= − =
5 5 5
ev, 8x − 40x + 7x − 35 = 0
2 6
Avevi, x = 5 n‡j,
ev, 8x(x − 5) + 7(x − 5) = 0
6
ev, (x − 5) (8x + 7) = 0 evgc¶ = 11. − 6
5
 nq, x − 5 = 0 A_ev, 8x + 7 = 0 36
7 =
x=5 x=− 5
8 6
−7 =
 x = 5 A_ev, 5
8
6 6
ïw× cix¶v : x = 5 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi Wvbc¶ = 4. + 5 +
5 5
−1
evgc¶ = 5 + 4 + 5 + 11 = 9 + 16 = 3 + 4 = 7 7 1
Wvbc¶ = 8x + 9 = 8.5 + 9 = 49 = 7 = +
5 5
 evgc¶ = Wvbc¶ 8
=
1 5
myZivs x = − 7 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
 evgc¶  Wvbc¶
Avevi, x = 5 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi 6
−7 −7
myZivs x = 5 D³ mgxKi‡Yi exR bq|
evgc¶ = 8
+4 +
8
+ 11
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 5
−7 + 32 −7 + 88
=
8
+
8 cÖkœ \ 6 \ x2 + 4x − 4 + x2 + 4x − 10 = 6
=
5
+
9
=
14 mgvavb : x2 + 4x − 4 + x2 + 4x − 10 = 6
8 8 8 awi, x2 + 4x = y
−7
8  + 9 = ev, y − 4 + y − 10 = 6
16
Wvbc¶ = 8 8
= 2
ev, ( y − 4 )2 = (6 − y − 10 )2 [Dfq cÿ‡K eM© K‡i]
 evgc¶  Wvbc¶
ev, y − 4 = 36 − 2.6 y − 10 + y − 10
−7
myZivs x = 8 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR bq| ev, 12 y − 10 = 30
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 5 ev, (2 y − 10) 2 = (5)2 [Dfq cÿ‡K eM© K‡i]
ev, 4(y − 10) = 25
cÖkœ \ 5 \ 11x − 6 = 4x + 5 + x − 1 ev, 4y − 40 = 25
mgvavb : 11x − 6 = 4x + 5 + x − 1 ev, 4y = 65
ev, ( 11x − 6)2 = ( 4x + 5 + x − 1)2 ev, 4(x2 + 4x) = 65 [ y = x2 + 4x]
[Dfq cÿ‡K eM© K‡i] ev, 4x2 + 16x − 65 = 0
ev, 11x − 6 = 4x + 5 + x − 1 + 2 (4x + 5) . (x − 1) ev, 4x2 + 26x − 10x − 65 = 0
ev, 11x − 6 − 5x − 4 = 2 (4x + 5) (x − 1) ev, 2x(2x + 13) − 5(2x + 13) = 0
ev, (2x + 13) (2x − 5) = 0
ev, 6x − 10 = 2 4x + x − 5
2
nq, 2x + 13 = 0 A_ev, 2x − 5 = 0
ev, (3x − 5)2 = ( 4x2 + x − 5)2 [Dfq cÿ‡K eM© K‡i] −13 5
ev, 9x2 − 30x + 25 = 4x2 + x − 5 x= x=
2 2
ev, 5x2 − 31x + 30 = 0 −13 5
 x= A_ev 2
ev, 5x2 − 25x − 6x + 30 = 0 2
ev, (x − 5) (5x − 6) = 0 ïw× cix¶v :
nq, x − 5 = 0 A_ev, 5x − 6 = 0 −13
GLb, x = 2 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
6
x=5 x=
5
evgc¶ = −132 + 4−13 − 4
 x = 5 A_ev
6 2 2
5
ïw× cix¶v: x = 5 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi −132 + 4 −13 − 10
+
2 2
evgc¶ = 11.5 − 6 49 25 7 5
= + = + =6
= 55 − 6) 4 4 2 2
= 49 =6=
Wvbc¶
=7  evgc¶ = Wvbc¶
Wvbc¶ = 4.5 + 5 + 5 − 1 − 13
myZivs x = 12 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
= 25 + 4
=5+2 5
=7
 evgc¶ = Wvbc¶ 2 2
myZivs x = 5 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR| evgc¶ (52) + 4(52) − 4 + (52) + 4 (25) − 10

49 25 −9
= + x=2 A_ev 2
4 4
7 5
= + = 6 = Wvbc¶
ïw× cix¶v : x = 2 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
2 2
− 13
evgc¶ = 2.(2)2 + 5.2 − 2 − 2.(2)2 + 5.2 − 9
myZivs x = 12 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR| = 16 − 9
5 −13 =4−3
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 2 , 2 = 1 = Wvbc¶
myZivs x = 2 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
cÖkœ \ 7 \ x2 − 6x + 9 − x2 − 6x + 6 = 1 −9
mgvavb : x2 − 6x + 9 − x2 − 6x + 6 = 1
−9 2 −9
awi, x2 − 6x = y evgc¶ = 2.  2  + 5  2  − 2
ev, y + 9 − y + 6 = 1
−9 −9 2
ev, y + 9 = 1 + 2 y + 6 + y + 6 [Dfqcÿ‡K eM© K‡i] − 2 2 + 5  − 9
ev, 2 y + 6 = 2 2 2
81 45 81 45
ev, ( y + 6) = (1)
2 2
[Dfqcÿ‡K eM© K‡i] = − −2 − − −9
2 2 2 2
ev, y + 6 = 1 = 16 − 9
ev, y = −5 = 4 − 3 = 1 = Wvbc¶
ev, x2 − 6x + 5 = 0 −9
ev, x2 − 5x − x + 5 = 0 myZivs x = 2 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
ev, x(x − 5) − 1(x − 5) = 0 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 2, − 2
9
ev, (x − 5) (x − 1) = 0
nq, x − 5 = 0 A_ev, x − 1 = 0 x−1
cÖkœ \ 9 \ 6 x − 1 + 5  2x  = 13
2x
x=5  x=1
x=1 A_ev 5  2x  x − 1
ïw× cix¶v : mgvavb : 6 x − 1 +5
 2x  = 13
x = 5 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi 2x
awi, x – 1 = a2
evgc¶ = (5)2 − 6.5 + 9 – (5)2 − 6.5 + 6
 cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU ùvovq
= 4 – 1
=2−1  6a +
5  2x = a2  x −1 = 12
= 1 = Wvbc¶
a
= 13
 x−1 2x a
6a2 + 5
myZivs x = 5 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR| ev, a = 13
Avevi, x = 1 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi ev, 6a2 + 5 = 13a
evgc¶ = (1)2 − 6.1 + 9 – (1)2 − 6.1 + 6 ev, 6a 2 − 13a + 5 = 0
= 4 − 1 = 2 − 1 = 1 = Wvbc¶ ev, 6a2 − 10a − 3a + 5 = 0
myZivs x = 1 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR| ev, 2a(3a − 5) − 1(3a − 5) = 0
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 1, 5 ev, (3a − 5) (2a − 1) = 0
nq, 3a − 5 = 0 A_ev, 2a − 1 = 0
cÖkœ \ 8 \ 2x2 + 5x − 2 − 2x2 + 5x − 9 = 1 5 1
a= a=
mgvavb : 2x2 + 5x − 2 − 2x2 + 5x − 9 = 1 3 2
awi, 2x2 + 5x = y 5
a = n‡j Avgiv cvB,
3
ev, y − 2 − y − 9 = 1
2 2x 5
ev, ( y − 2)2 = (1 + y − 9) [Dfq cÿ‡K eM© K‡i] x−1
=a=
3
ev, y − 2 = 1 + 2 y − 9 + y − 9  2x 2 5
2
ev, 2 y − 9 = 6 ev,  x − 1  = 3 () [eM© K‡i]

ev, ( y − 9)2 = (3)2 [Dfq cÿ‡K eM© K‡i] 2x 25
ev, x − 1 = 9
ev, y − 9 = 9
ev, 18x = 25x − 25
ev, y = 18
ev, 7x = 25
ev, 2x2 + 5x − 18 = 0 25
ev, 2x2 + 9x − 4x − 18 = 0 x=
7
ev, x(2x + 9) − 2(2x + 9) = 0 1
ev, (2x + 9) (x − 2) = 0 Avevi, a = 2 n‡j,
nq, x − 2 = 0 A_ev, 2x + 9 = 0
ev,  x − 1  = 2
2
2x 1 2
x=2 x=−
9 () [eM© K‡i]
2
2x 1 −3
ev, x − 1 = 4 x=
2
ev, 8x = x − 1 Avevi, a = 2 n‡j, Avgiv cvB,
ev, 7x = −1  x−1 
2
= (2)2
x=−
1  3x + 2 
7 x−1
25 1 ev, 3x + 2 = 4
x= ,−
7 7 ev, 12x + 8 = x − 1
25
ïw× cix¶v : x = 7 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi ev, 11x = − 9
−9
25 25 x=
2. −1 11
7 7
evgc¶ = 6 +5 −3 9
25 25 x= ,−
−1 2. 2 11
7 7
−3
50 18 ïw× cix¶v : x = 2 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
=6 +5
18 50
3 3
=6
25
9
+5
9
25 evgc¶ =
2
− −1
+2
3 −
2( )
+2
3 3
5 3
= 6. + 5. = 10 + 3 = 13 = Wvbc¶
3 5
( )
3 −
2
+2 − −1
2
25 5 5
myZivs x = 7 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR| −
2
−
2
= +2
1
Avevi, x = − 7 n‡j, 5 −5
−
2 2
−1 = 1 + 2.1 = 3 = Wvbc¶
2.
1
− −1
7 7 −3
evgc¶ = 6 +5 myZivs x= cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
−1 − 1 −1
2 
2
7  7
2 8
=6 +5
8 2
1
=6 + 5 4 = 3 + 10 = 13 = Wvbc¶
4
1
25 −1
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 7 , 7
cÖkœ \ 10 \  x − 1  + 2 3x + 2 = 3
3x + 2 x−1
−
mgvavb : 3x + 2 + 2  x − 1  = 3
x 1 3x + 2
x−1
awi, 3x + 2 = a2
 cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU,
2
a+ =3
a
2
a +2
ev, a = 3
ev, a2 + 2 = 3a
ev, a2 − 3a + 2 = 0
ev, (a − 2) (a − 1) = 0
 a = 1, 2
a = 1 n‡j, Avgiv cvB,

x−1 
2
2
 3x + 2  = (1)
x−1
ev, 3x + 2 = 1
ev, x − 1 = 3x + 2
ev, 2x = −3
9 1
Avevi, x = −11 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi = 4 +2
4
−9 −9
3
1
−1 = 2 + 2. = 2 + 1
11 11 + 2 2
evgc¶ = −9
+2
−9 = 3 = Wvbc¶
3  + 2 −1
11 11 9
−20 −5
3 9
11 11 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = − 2 , −11
= +2
−5 −20
11 11

M 100 gv‡bi Rb¨  mKj
52 : g~j wPý msewjZ mgxKiY
15. − 3 + 5 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi g~j n‡j, mgxKiYwU n‡e
mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi (KwVb)
K x2 + 3x − 5 = 0  x2 − 5x − 3 = 0
1. Pj‡Ki †h gvb ev gvb¸‡jvi Rb¨ mgxKi‡Yi Dfq cÿ mgvb
M x2 + 5x + 4 = 0 N x2 + 5x − 3 = 0
nq, H gvb ev gvb¸‡jv‡K Kx ejv nq? (ga¨g)
16. 4 x = 8 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
 g~j L m~PK M eM© N NvZ
1 3
2. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Øviv mgxKiY wm× nq? (ga¨g) K3 4 M
4
N
2
K eM©g~j  g~j M NvZ N m~PK
17. x − 4 + 2 = x + 12 mgxKi‡Yi g~j wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
3. wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi m‡e©v”P KZwU g~j _v‡K? (mnR) K4 L8 M 12  13
 2wU L 3wU M 4wU N 5wU 18. x − 6 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~j wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (mnR)
4. PjK `yBwU x I y n‡j, wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) 6 L5 M3 2 N 6
 (x, y) = (a, b) L x − a = 0, y − 6 = 0
x−1
Mx+a=y+b Nx−a=y−b 19. 3x + 2
= 1 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
5. x − x + 13 = 0 n‡j mgxKi‡Yi GKwU g~j †KvbwU?
2
(KwVb) 3 3 1 5
− L M− N−
−1+ −51 1 + −51 −1− 51 1+ 51 2 2 2 2
 L M N
2 2 2 2 20. 3x − 5 − 2 = 0 mgxKiYwUi g~j †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
6. x − 4 = 3 n‡j x = KZ? (ga¨g) K2 3 M−3 N4
K9 L 11  13 N 15 21. 8x − 9 = 2x + 9 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb KZ? (ga¨g)
7. x2 − 3x − 40 = 0 mgxKiYwU x Gi †Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨ wm× K2 L−2 3 N−3
nq? (ga¨g) e¨vL¨v : 8x − 9 = 2x + 9
K5 8 M9 N 11 ev, 8x − 2x = 9 + 9
18
8. x + 9 − x + 6 = 1 mgxKi‡Yi g~j †KvbwU? (KwVb) ev, x = 6
=3
K −5  5 M 4 N 5 22. 2 2x − 1 − 1 = 0 mgxKiYwUi g~j †KvbwU? (mnR)

9. x2 − 5x + 6 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) 8 8 5 5
K L− M− 
K 5, 6  2, 3 M 1, 2 N 1, 6 5 5 8 8
10. x2 + 7 = 3 mgxKi‡Yi g~j¸‡jv Kx Kx? (ga¨g) 3
x−1
23. 3x + 2
= 2 mgxKiYwUi mgvavb KZ? (ga¨g)
Kx=4  2 M x = 4, 4 N x = 3, 3
17 17 23 23
11. 8x + 9 = 3 mgxKi‡Yi g~j wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g) −
23
L
23
M−
17
N
17
3 3 3 5
K− L− − N− 3 x−1
8 2 4 4 e¨vL¨v : 3x + 2
=2
2x x−1
12. = 1 mgxKi‡Yi g~j †KvbwU? (ga¨g) ev, 3x + 2 = 8
x–1
ev, 24x − x = − 1 − 16
K1  −1 M2 N −2 17
1 1 ev, x = − 23
13. (1 + x)2 + (1 − x) = 22 mgxKi‡Yi g~j †KvbwU? (KwVb) 1 1
 −1, 1 L 1,1 M −2, 2 N 2,2

24. (1 + x)3 + (1 − x)3 = 0 mgxKiYwUi mgvavb wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
(ga¨g)
14. (y + 1) − (y−1) = 4y mgxKiYwU y Gi †Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨
2 2
K1 1 M2 N2
wm× n‡e? (KwVb) 1
K1 L4 25. (1 − x)2 =5 n‡j x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
K 26 L 25 M 24  − 24 ii. x = 5
e¨vL¨v : 1 − x = 25 iii. x = 1
 x = − 24
1 1 1 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
26. (1 + x)3 + (1 − x)3 = 33 mgxKi‡Yi g~j †KvbwU? (ga¨g) K i I ii L i I iii  ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K 1, − 1  2, − 2 M − 3, 3 N 3, − 3
e¨vL¨v : cÖkœwUi mgvavb Ki‡Z mvgvb¨ wPšÍvB h‡_ó| Ackb PviwUi g‡a¨ 2 ev − 2
35. 2x2 − 9 = x mgxKi‡Yi−
1
i. g~j 3, − 3
emv‡j Wvbc‡ÿi AckbwU (3 ) cvIqv hv‡e|
3
27. Extraneous k‡ãi A_© Kx? (mnR) ii. eM©K…Z mgxKi‡Yi g~j 3, − 3
K g~j wPý L wPýgy³ M ïw× cixÿv  AevšÍi g~j iii. AevšÍi g~j Av‡Q
1 1 1 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
28. (1 + x)2 + (1 − x)2 = 22 mgxKi‡Yi g~j †KvbwU? (ga¨g) K i I ii L i I iii  ii I iii N i, ii I iii
1 L2 M 2, 2 N 1, 1 36. 2 + x = 0 mgxKi‡Yi−
enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi i. GKwU gvÎ g~j we`¨gvb
ii. mgvavb − 2
29. 2x + 7 + 3x − 18 = 7x + 1
iii. mgvavb 2
i. mgxKiYwUi g~j 9
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (mnR)
ii. mgxKiYwUi exR 9
 i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
iii. mgxKiYwUi mgvavb 9
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb) Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
2x + 8 − 2 x + 5 = − 2
30. i. 8x + 9 − 2x + 15 = 2x − 6
Dc‡ii mgxKiYwUi Av‡jv‡K 37 Ñ 39 bs cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
ii. x + 4 + x + 11 = 8x + 9 37. mgxKiYwUi GKwU g~j 4 n‡j, Aci g~jwU KZ? (ga¨g)
iii. 2x + 9 − x − 4 = x + 3 1
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb) K2 −4 M N−3
2
 i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 38. x = 4 n‡j, evgcÿ = KZ? (mnR)
1 1 1 −2 L2 M0 N−4
31. (1 + x)3 + (1 − x)3 = 23 mgxKiYwU jÿ Ki : 39. mgxKiYwUi mgvavb KZ? (KwVb)
i. mgxKi‡Yi PjK msL¨v GKwU 1
ii. mgxKiYwUi mgvavb (1, −1) K4  4 M0 N
4
iii. mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x =  1 wb‡Pi mgxKiY `ywUi Av‡jv‡K 40 I 41 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb) x x + 16 25 x
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii  i, ii I iii x + 16
+
x
=
12
Ges p = x + 16 `yBwU mgxKiY|
1 1
40. 1g mgxKi‡Y x Gi KqwU g~j cvIqv hv‡e? (mnR)
32. (1 + x)3 + (1 − x)3 = 0 mgxKi‡YiÑ K1 2 M3 N4
i. x = − 1 GKwU mgvavb 41. p = 2 n‡j, x = KZ? (ga¨g)
ii. x = 1 GKwU AevšÍi g~j 64
iii. (1 + x (1 − x) = 0 GKwU iƒc K0 L −1 − 3 N2
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) wb‡Pi mgxKiYwUi Av‡jv‡K 42 − 44 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
 i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 2x + 9 − x − 4 = x + 1 GKwU mgxKiY-
33. x2 − 5x + 6 = 0 mgxKiYwUÑ 42. mgxKiYwU‡K mij AvKv‡i cÖKvk †KvbwU? (KwVb)
i. x = − 3 Gi Rb¨ mZ¨  x2 − 5x + 6 = 0 L x2 + 5x − 6 = 0
ii. x = 3 Gi Rb¨ mZ¨ M x2 − 6x + 5 = 0 N x2 + 6x − 5 = 0
iii. x = 2 Gi Rb¨ mZ¨ 43. mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki‡j x Gi †Kvb †Kvb gvb cvIqv hv‡e?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) (ga¨g)
K i I ii L i I iii  ii I iii N i, ii I iii K − 8, − 5  8, − 5 M 8, 5 N − 8, 5
34. x − 6x + 9 − x − 6x + 6 = 1 mgxKiYwU−
2 2 44. mgxKiYwUi g~j KZ? (ga¨g)
i. GKwU eûc`x mgxKiY K5 L−5 M−4 8

45. 2x + 8 + 2 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~j †KvbwU? 3
K−2 L2 M4 †bB 47. 1 + x = 2 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ?
 g~j
K1 L2 M3 7
46. wb‡Pi †KvbwU 8x + 9 − 2x + 15 = 2x − 6 mgxKi‡Yi wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 48 I 49 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
GKwU g~j?
2x + 8 − 2 x + 5 = − 2
K−5 L0 5 N6
48. cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi eM©K…Z iƒc †KvbwU?
K 4 2x + 8 = 2x + 4 L 4 2x + 8 = x + 4 49. wb‡Pi †KvbwU cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi GKwU g~j?
 2 2x + 8 = x + 4 N 2 2x + 8 = x − 4 K0 L1 M2 4

x x + 16 25 −256 256
œ 1
cÖk- x + 16
+
x
=
12
GKwU mgxKiY| 7
−
7
+ 16
evgc¶ = 256
+ 256
x − + 16 −
K. p = a‡i †`LvI †h,
x + 16
− 25p + 12 = 0 2
12p2 7 7
−256 −256 + 112
L. ÔK' n‡Z cÖvß mgxKiYwU‡K mgvavb Ki| 4 7 7
M. cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi mgvav‡bi ïw× cixÿv Ki| 4 = 256 + 112
+
−256
−
 1 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb  7 7
−256 7 −144 7
=  + 
K.
x
+
x + 16 25
= 7 −144 7 −256
x + 16 x 12
256 144
1 25 x 1 x + 16 = +
ev, p + p = 12 [ p = x + 16 a‡i  p = x
] 144 256
16 12 4 3 16 + 9
p2 + 1 25 = + = + =
ev, p = 12 12 16 3 4 12
25
ev, 12p2 + 12 = 25p = = Wvbc¶
12
ev, 12p2 − 25p + 12 = 0 −256
L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, †h‡nZz x = 7 n‡j mgxKiYwUi evgc¶ = Wvbc¶
12p2 − 25p + 12 = 0 −256
AZGe, x = 7 D³ mgxKiYwUi GKwU g~j|
ev, 12p2 − 16p − 9p + 12 = 0
ev, 4p(3p − 4) − 3(3p − 4) = 0 144
ev, (3p − 4) (4p − 3) = 0
144 144
nq, 3p − 4 = 0 A_ev, 4p − 3 = 0 + 16
7 7
ev, 3p = 4 ev, 4p = 3 evgc¶ = 144
+
144
4 3 + 16
ev, p = 3 ev, p = 4 7 7
144 144 + 112
x 4 3
ev, x + 16 = 3 ev, x +x16 = 4 7 7
= +
x 16 x 9 144 + 112 144
ev, x + 16 = 9 [eM© K‡i] ev, x + 16 = 16 [eM© K‡i] 7 7
ev, 16x + 256 = 9x ev, 16x = 9x + 144 =
144

7
+
256

7
ev, 7x = −256 ev, 7x = 144 7 256 7 144
256 144 144 256 12 16
x=− 7 x= 7 =
256
+ =
144 16 12
+
3 4 9 + 16 25
(2567 1447)
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = = + =
4 3 12
= = Wvbc¶
12
256 144 144
M. cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwUi mgvavb : (x, y) = ( 7  7 ) †h‡nZz x = 7 n‡j, mgxKiYwUi evgc¶ = Wvbc¶
256 144
ïw× cixÿv : x = − 7 n‡j, cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi x=
7
D³ mgxKiYwUi GKwU g~j|
cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwUi ïw× cixÿvq mZ¨Zv cÖgvwYZ n‡jv|

œ 2  hw` x2 − 6x = p nq, Z‡eÑ
cÖk- K. †Ìqv Av‡Q, x2 − 6x = p Ges p = 16
 x2 − 6x = 16
K. p = 16 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? 2
ev, x2 − 6x − 16 = 0
L. p + 9 − p + 6 = 1 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? 4 ev, x2 − 8x + 2x − 16 = 0
M. p + 15 − p + 13 = 10 − 8 n‡j, x Gi gvb ev, x(x − 8) + 2(x − 8) = 0
KZ? 4 ev, (x − 8) (x + 2) = 0
 2 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb   x = 8 Ges x = − 2
L. cÖ`Ë ivwk, p + 9 − p + 6 = 1 evgcÿ = 52 − 6.5 + 15 − (5)2 − 6.5 + 13
†Ìqv Av‡Q, = 25 − 30 + 15 − 25 − 30 + 13
p = x2 − 6x = 10 − 8 = Wvbcÿ
 x2 − 6x + 9 − x2 − 6x + 6 = 1 Avevi, x = 1 n‡j,
2 2
ev, ( x2 − 6x + 9 ) = (1 + )
x2 − 6x + 6 [eM© K‡i] evgcÿ = 12 − 6.1 + 15 − 12 − 6.1 + 13
ev, x2 − 6x + 9 = 1 + 2 x2 − 6x + 9 + x2 − 6x + 6 = 10 − 8 = Wvbcÿ
ev, x2 − 6x + 9 − 1 − x2 + 6x − 6 = 2 x2 − 6x + 6 †h‡nZz x = 5 I 1 n‡j, mgxKiYwUi evgcÿ = Wvbcÿ
ev, 2 = 2 x2 − 6x + 6  x = 5 I 1 n‡j, D³ mgxKiYwU GKwU g~j|
ev, 1 = x2 − 6x + 6 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 5, 1
ev, x2 − 6x + 6 = 1 [eM© K‡i]
ev, x2 − 6x + 5 = 0 cÖkœ-3  11x − 6 = 4x + 5 − x − 1 GKwU g~j wPý msewjZ mgxKiY
ev, x2 − 5x − x + 5 = 0 K. mgxKiYwU‡K ax2 + bx + c = 0 AvKv‡i cÖKvk Ki| 2
ev, x(x − 5) − 1 (x − 5) = 0 L. wbðvq‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI †h, cÖvß wØNvZ
ev, (x − 5) (x − 1) = 0 mgxKi‡Yi †Kv‡bv AevšÍi g~j †bB Ges m~‡Îi
 x = 5 Ges x = 1 mvnv‡h¨ mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki| 4
GLb, x = 5 n‡j, M. x Gi cÖvß cÖwZwU gvbB cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb
evgcÿ = 52 − 6.5 + 9 − 52 − 6.5 + 6 wKbv? hvPvB K‡i †`L| 4
= 25 − 30 + 9 − 25 − 30 + 6  3 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb 
= 4− 1 K. 11x − 6 = 4x + 5 − x−1
=2−1 2
= 1 = Wvbcÿ ev, ( 11x − 6) = ( 4x + 5 − x − 1)
2
[eM© K‡i]
†h‡nZz, x = 5 n‡j, mgxKiYwUi evgcÿ = Wvbcÿ ev, 11x − 6 = 4x + 5 − 2 4x + 5 x − 1 + x − 1
 x = 5 D³ mgxKiYwUi GKwU g~j| ev, 2 4x + 5 x − 1 = 4x + 5 + x − 1 − 11x + 6
Avevi, x = 1 n‡j, ev, 2 4x + 5 x − 1 = −6x + 10
evgcÿ = 12 − 6.1 + 9 − 12 − 6.1 + 6 ev, 4x + 5 x − 1 = −3x + 5 [2 Øviv fvM K‡i]
2
= 1−6+9− 1−6+6 ev, {− (4x + 5) (x − 1)} = (3x − 5)2 [eM© K‡i]
= 4− 1 ev, 4x2 + x − 5 = 9x2 − 30x + 25
=2−1 ev, 5x2 − 31x + 30 = 0
= 1 = Wvbcÿ hv ax2 + bx + c = 0 AvKv‡ii mgxKiY
†h‡nZz, x = 1 n‡j, mgxKiYwUi
evgcÿ = Wvbcÿ, L. K n‡Z cÖvß,
 x = 1 mgxKiYwUi GKwU g~j| 5x2 − 31x + 30 = 0
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 1, 5 mgxKiYwU‡K ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB,
M. p + 15 − p + 13 = 10 − 8 a = 5, b = − 31, c = 30
ev, p + 15 + 8 = p + 13 + 10  wbðvqK = b2 − 4ac
2 2
ev, ( p + 15 + 8) = ( p + 13 + 10) [eM© K‡i] = (− 31)2 − 4.5.30
= 961 − 600
ev, p + 15 + 2 p + 15. 8 + 8 = p + 13 + 2 p + 13. 10 + 10
= 361
ev, P + 23 + 2 8p + 120 = P + 23 + 2 10p + 130 GLv‡b, wbðvqK b2 − 4ac = 361 > 0
ev, 2 8p + 120 = 2 10p + 130
 cÖvß wØNvZ mgxKiYwUi g~j¸‡jv ev¯Íe|
ev, 8p + 120 = 10p + 130 [eM© K‡i]
GLb, Avgiv Rvwb, ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq
ev, 8p + 120 = 10p + 130
ev, 2p = − 10 −b b2 − 4ac
x=
2a
ev, p = − 5
ev, x2 − 6x = − 5 [p Gi gvb ewm‡q] − (− 31)  361
= [ b2 − 4ac = 361]
2.5
ev, x2 − 6x + 5 = 0
31  19
ev, x2 − 5x − x + 5 = 0 =
10
ev, x(x − 5) − 1(x − 5) = 0
31  19 31 − 19 50 12 6
ev, (x − 5) (x − 1) = 0 =
10
,
10
= ,
10 10
= 5,
5
 x = 5 Ges x = 1 6
GLb, x = 5 n‡j,  wØNvZ mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x1 = 6, x2 = 5
M. ÔLÕ n‡Z cÖvß x1 = 5, x2 = 5
6 K. †Ìqv Av‡Q, x2 − 6x + 9 − x2 − 6x + 6 = 1
ev, y + 9 − y + 6 = 1 [ x2 − 6x = y]
GLv‡b x1 I x2 cÖ`Ë g~jwPý msewjZ mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb
wKbv Zv hvPvB K‡i †`L‡Z n‡e| x = 5 n‡j cÖ`Ë ev, y + 9 = 1 + y + 6
mgxKi‡YiÑ ev, (y + 9)2 = (1 + y + 6 )2 [eM© K‡i]
evgcÿ = 11  5 − 6 = 55 − 6 = 49 = 7 ev, y + 9 = 1 + 2 y + 6 + y + 6
Wvbcÿ = 4  5 + 5 − 5 − 1 ev, 2 y + 6 = 2
= 20 + 5 − 4
ev, y + 6 = 1 (†`Lv‡bv n‡jv)
= 25 − 4 L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB,
=5−2=3 y+6 =1
evgcÿ  Wvbcÿ
2
 ev, ( y + 6) = (1)2 [eM© K‡i]
 x = 5 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi Rb¨ mZ¨ bq| ev, y + 6 = 1
6 ev, y = 1 − 6
Avevi, x = 5 n‡j, cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
ev, y = −5
6 ev, x2 − 6x = −5
evgcÿ = 11  − 6
5
ev, x2 − 6x + 5 = 0
66 − 30
=
5 ev, x2 − 5x − x + 5 = 0
36 6 ev, x(x − 5) −1(x − 5) = 0
= =
5 5 ev, (x − 5) (x − 1) = 0
6 6 GUvB wb‡Y©q Drcv`K AvKvi|
Wvbcÿ = 4 +5 − −1
5 5 M. ÔLÕ †_‡K cvB, (x − 1) (x − 5) = 0
24 + 25 6−5 nq, x − 1 = 0 A_ev, x − 5 = 0
= −
5 5
x=1 x=5
=
49
−
1 GLb, x = 5 n‡j, cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
5 5
7 1 evgcÿ = 52 − 6.5 + 9 − 52 − 6.5 + 6
= −
5 5 = 25 − 30 + 9 − 25 − 30 + 6
7−1 = 4 − 1
=
5 =2−1
6 = 1 = Wvbcÿ
=
5 Avevi, x = 1 n‡j, cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
 evgcÿ = Wvbcÿ evgcÿ = 12 − 6.1 + 9 − 12 − 6.1 + 6
6
 x = 5 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR| = 1−6+9 − 1−6+6
= 4− 1
œ 4
cÖk- x2 − 6x + 9 − x2 − 6x + 6 = 1
=2−1
K. x2 − 6x = y a‡i †`LvI †h, y + 6 = 1 2 = 1 = Wvbcÿ
L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU‡K Drcv`K AvKv‡i cÖKvk Ki| 4 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 5, 1
M. mgxKiYwU mgvav‡bi mZ¨Zv hvPvB Ki| 4

œ 5
cÖk- x2 + 4x − 4 + x2 + 4x − 10 = 6 DËi : M. x = − 13,
5
2 2
K. x2 + 4x = y n‡j †`LvI †h, 2 y − 10 = 5 2
œ 6 
cÖk- 6  2x  + 5 x − 1 = 13 GKwU exRMvwYwZK
L. †`LvI †h, (2x + 13) (2x − 5) = 0 4 x − 1  2x 
M. mgxKiYwU mgvavb K‡i ïw× cixÿv Ki| 4 mgxKiY|
K. 2x
= p2 a‡i cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU †jL| 2 K. P Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| 2
x −1
L. P Gi gvb eënvi K‡i cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki| 4
L. cÖvß mgxKiYwU‡K mgvavb Ki| 4
M. 2x + 5x = y a‡i mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb L-Gi mgvav‡bi
2
M. ïw× cixÿv K‡i mgxKiYwUi mZ¨Zv hvPvB Ki| 4

Abyiƒc wKbv? hvPvB Ki| 4
DËi : K. 6p + 5p = 13 GwUB wb‡Y©q mgxKiY| 9
DËi : K. P = 16; L. x = 3, − 2
L. myZivs, x = 25
7
A_ev − 17 M. mgvavb GKB|
œ 7 
cÖk- 2x2 + 5x − 2 − 2x2 + 5x − 9 = 1 GKwU g~j wPý
m¤^wjZ mgxKiY Ges P = 23x2 + 5x − 2
A b yk xj b x 5 .3

 m~PK mgxKiY (Indicial Equation)
†h mgxKi‡Y AÁvZ PjK m~PKiƒ‡c _v‡K, Zv‡K m~PK mgxKiY e‡j|
2x = 8, 16x = 4x + 2, 2x + 1 − 2x − 8 = 0 BZ¨vw` mgxKiY¸‡jv m~PK mgxKiY †hLv‡b x AÁvZ PjK| m~PK mgxKiY mgvavb Ki‡Z
m~P‡Ki wbgœwjwLZ ag©wU eënvi Kiv hvq :
a  1 n‡j ax = am n‡e hw` I †Kej hw` x = m nq| G Rb¨ cÖ_‡g mgxKi‡Yi Dfqc¶‡K GKB msL¨vi NvZ ev kw³iƒ‡c cÖKvk
Kiv nq|
†R‡b ivL‡Z n‡e :
a
m~P‡Ki wbq‡g wfwË KL‡bv k~b¨ n‡Z cv‡i bv b Gi †ÿ‡Î b  0 n‡e|

mgvavb Ki : mgvavb : 2x−4 = 4ax−6
cÖkœ \ 1 \ 3x + 2 = 81 ev, 2x−4 = 22.ax−6
mgvavb : 3x + 2 = 81 ev, 2x−4 .2−2 = ax−6 [22 Øviv fvM K‡i]
ev, 3x+2 = 34 [ 34 = 81] ev, 2x−6 = ax−6
ev, x + 2 = 4 [ am = an n‡j m = n]
x−6 0
ev, x = 4 − 2 (2)
ev, a =1=
a (2)
 x=2 ev, x − 6 = 0
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 2  x=6
cÖkœ \ 2 \ 53x − 7 = 33x −7 x+5 2x + 5
mgvavb : 53x −7 = 33x − 7 cÖkœ \ 4 \ ( 3) = ( 3)
3
53x − 7 x+5
= ( 3)
3 2x + 5
ev, =1 mgvavb : ( 3)
33x − 7 1 x+5 2x + 5
1
ev, 3
5 3x−7
() =
5
()
3
0
()
ev, 3
2
= 3 () 3
x+5 2x + 5
ev, 3x − 7 = 0 2 3
ev, 3 =3 [ (am)n = amn]
ev, 3x = 7
x + 5 2x + 5
x=
7 ev, 2 = 3 [ ax = am n‡j x = m]
3
ev, 2(2x + 5) = 3(x + 5)
ev, 4x + 10 = 3x + 15
cÖkœ \ 3 \ 2x−4 = 4ax−6, (a > 0, a  2) ev, 4x − 3x = 15 − 10
x=5 cÖkœ \ 8 \ 4x+2 = 22x+1 + 14
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 5 mgvavb : 4x+2 = 22x+1 + 14
cÖkœ \ 5 \ ( 4)
5 4x + 7
)2x + 7 = ( 11
64 ev, 4x+2 − 22x+1 = 14
4x+7 2x + 7 ev, 22x+4 − 22x+1 = 14
mgvavb : ( 4) = ( 64)
5 11
ev, 22x(24 − 21) = 14
1 4x + 7 2x + 7
ev, 22x (16 − 2) = 14
ev, (4 ) = { (4) }
5 11 3
[ 43 = 64]
2x + 7
ev, 22x . 14 = 14
4x + 7 3
ev, 22x = 1
ev, (4)
5
= (4) { } 11
ev, 22x = 20 [ a0 = 1]
4x + 7 3(2x + 7)
ev, 5 = 11 ev, 2x = 0
4x+7 6x + 21 x=0
ev, 5 = 11 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 0
ev, 11(4x + 7) = 5(6x + 21) cÖkœ \ 9 \ 5x + 52−x = 26
ev, 44x + 77 = 30x + 105 mgvavb : 5x + 52−x = 26
ev, 44x − 30x = 105 − 77 52 am
ev, 5x + 5x = 26 [ am − n =
an
]
ev, 14x = 28
28 25
ev, x = 14 ev, 5x + 5x = 26
x=2 (5x)2 + 25
ev, = 26
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 2 5x
33x − 4.a2x − 5 ev, (5 ) + 25 = 26. 5x
x 2
cÖkœ \ 6 \ = a2x − 5 (a > 0) ev, a2 + 25 = 26a [5x = a awi]

3x + 1
33x − 4.a2x − 5 ev, a − 26a + 25 = 0
2
mgvavb : 3x + 1 = a2x − 5
ev, a2 − 25a − a + 25 = 0
33x − 4 a2x − 5 ev, a(a − 25) − 1(a − 25) = 0
ev, x + 1 = 2x − 5
3 a ev, (a − 25) (a − 1) = 0
am nq, a − 25 = 0 A_ev, a − 1 = 0
ev, 33x − 4 − x − 1 = 1 [
an
= am − n]
ev, a = 25 ev, a = 1
ev, 32x − 5 = 1 = 3 [ x0 = 1]
ev, 5x = 25 ev, 5x = 1
ev, 2x − 5 = 0 [ ax = am n‡j x = m]
ev, 5 = 5
x 2
ev, 5x = 50
ev, 2x = 5 x=2 x=0
5
x=
2
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 0, 2
5 cÖkœ \ 10 \ 3(9x − 4.3x−1) + 1 = 0
mgvavb : 3(9x − 4.3x−1) + 1 = 0
53x − 5.b2x − 6 ev, 3.9x − 3.4.3x−1 + 1 = 0
cÖkœ \ 7 \ = a2x − 6 (a > 0, b > 0, 5b  a)
5x + 1
ev, 3(32)x − 4.3x + 1 = 0
53x − 5.b2x − 6
mgvavb : 5x + 1 = a2x − 6 ev, 3(3x)2 − 4.3x + 1 = 0
ev, 3a2 − 4a + 1 = 0 [3x = a awi]
53x − 5 a2x − 6
ev, 5x + 1 = 2x − 6 ev, 3a2 − 3a − a + 1 = 0
b
a 2x − 6
ev, 3a(a−1) − 1(a − 1) = 0
ev, 5 3x − 5 − x −1
2x − 6
=
b () ev, (a−1) (3a − 1) = 0
nq, a − 1 = 0 A_ev, 3a−1 = 0
5  a 2x − 6
Øviv Dfqc¶‡K fvM K‡i
ev, a 2x − 6 =1
(b)  ev, a = 1 ev, 3a = 1
(b) ev, 3x = 1
1
ev, a = 3
2x − 6 5 0
ev, a = 
5 1
  a ev, 3x = 3 ev, 3x = 3
b b  x=0 ev, 3x = 3−1
ev, 2x − 6 = 0  x = −1
ev, 2x = 6 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = −1, 0
x=3 cÖkœ \ 11 \ 41+x + 41−x = 10
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 3 mgvavb : 41+x + 41−x = 10
−x
ev, 4.4 + 4.4 = 10
x
x=
1
ev, 2x = −1
ev, 4(4x + 4−x) = 10 2
1
ev, 2(4x + 4−x) = 5 x=−
2
1 1 1
ev, 2(4x + 4x) = 5 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 2 , −2
[4x = a a‡i] cÖkœ \ 12 \ 2 2x − 3.2x+2 = −32
1 2x
ev, 2(a + a ) = 5
mgvavb: 2 − 3.2x+2 = −32
2(a2 + 1) ev, 22x − 3.2x.22 + 32 = 0
ev, a =5
[ amn = (am)n Ges am + n = am.an]
ev, 2a + 2 = 5a
2
ev, (2 ) − 12.2 + 32 = 0
x 2 x
ev, 2a2 − 5a + 2 = 0 ev, a2 − 12a + 32 = 0 [2x = a awi]
ev, 2a2 − 4a − a + 2 = 0 ev, a − 8a − 4a + 32 = 0
2
ev, 2a(a − 2) − 1(a − 2) = 0 ev, a(a − 8) − 4(a − 8) = 0

ev, (a−2) (2a −1) = 0 ev, (a − 8) (a − 4) = 0
nq, a − 2 = 0 A_ev, 2a − 1 = 0 nq, a − 8 = 0 A_ev, a − 4 = 0
ev, a = 2 ev, 2a = 1 ev, a = 8 ev, a = 4
1 ev, 2x = 8 ev, 2x = 4
ev, 4x = 2 ev, a = 2
1
ev, 2 = 2
x 3
ev, 2x = 22
ev, 22x = 21 ev, 4x = 2 x=3 x=2
ev, 2x = 1 ev, 22x = 2−1 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 2, 3

1. 92x = 35x − 2 mgxKiYwUi mgvavb †KvbwU?
2 2
6. ( 3)x+5 = ( 3) 8 2x+5
n‡j x Gi gvb KZ?
K −2 L − M  2 −15 5 −5
3 3 K 25  M N
1 2 7 4
2. 33x =
3
n‡j, x−Gi gvb KZ? 1
3
−1 1
7. (2 + a) = 2 n‡j a Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
K −3  M N 3 K 4  6 M 7 N 8
3 3
8. 9x+5 = 81x+1 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ?
3. 2x+7 = 4x+2 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ?
K −6 L −3  3 N 6
K −12  3 M 5 N 11
9. 32x − 6 = b mgxKiY−
4. x − 4 = x + 12 − 2 mgxKiYwUi exR KZ? i. b = 3 n‡j, x = 3 ii. b = 27 n‡j, x = 4
K 5 L 7  13 N 15 9
2x iii. b = 27 n‡j, x =
2
5. x−1
= 1 mgxKi‡Yi g~j †KvbwU?
K −2  −1 M 1 N 2 K i I ii Li I iii  ii I iii N i, ii I iii

14. ax = KZ? hLb x = 0 (mnR)
53 : m~PK mgxKiY (Indicial Equation) 1
K0 1 M N −1
2
mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 2x + 5
10. †h mgxKi‡Y AÁvZ PjK m~PKiƒ‡c _v‡K Zv‡K Kx mgxKiY 15. ( 3) = 3

x+5
(3 )
mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
e‡j? (mnR)
K6 L
7
5 N4
 m~PK L AmgZv M ciggvb N wØNvZ 3
11. 2 = 4 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb †KvbwU? 5b 2x − 6 5b 
x+7 x+2
(ga¨g)
K2 3 M4 N1
16. a
=
a ( ) ( )
mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb KZ? (KwVb)
12. 3.27 = 9 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb KZ?
x x+4
(ga¨g) 3 L2 M1 N0
x=7 Lx=4 Mx=3 N x = −7 17. ax + 2. a2y + 1 = a10 Gi Rb¨ wb‡Pi †Kvb Z_¨wU mwVK? (KwVb)
13. 53x−7 = 33x−7 mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g) K 2x + 2y + 3 = 10  x + 2y + 3 = 10
3 7 M x + 2y + 7 = 0 N 2x + y = 7
K  M3 N7
7 3 18. 16x = 4x+1 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb †KvbwU? (mnR)
L0 1 M2 N3 36. 3x+2 = 81 mgxKi‡Yi g~j wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
19. 3.3x = 27 mgxKiY‡K ax = am AvKv‡i cÖKvwkZ iƒc wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (mnR) K1 2 M3 N4
K 3x = 33 L 3+x+1 = 32  3x+1 = 33 N 3x−1 = 33 37. 32x−2 − 5. 3x−2 − 66 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~j wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (KwVb)
20. 2x + 5 = 4x mgxKiYwU †Kvb ai‡bi mgxKiY? (mnR) 3 L4 M5 N6
K wØNvZ L wÎNvZ  m~PK N mij 38. wb‡Pi †KvbwU m~PK mgvav‡bi D`vniY? (ga¨g)
x
2 =8 L 4x + 51 = 0
21. ( 27)
3 4
Gi mgvb †KvbwU? (ga¨g) Mx+2>0 N x2 + 5x + 2 = 0
 81 L 243 M 729 N 2187 39. 2x − 6 = ax − 6 mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
e¨vL¨v : ( ) =( 3 )
4 4
3
27
3 3 K2 L3 M4 6
1 1 40. 4x + 2 = 22x + 1 + 14 mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
= {(3 ) } 3 3 4
0 L1 M2 N3
1
= (3 )
3.3 4
41. 2x + 9 = 8x + 1 n‡j x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
4
= 3 = 81 K2 3 M8 N9
22. 16x + 2 = 83x + 1 mgxKi‡Y an = am AvKv‡i cÖKvwkZ iƒc 42. 41 + x + 41 − x = 10 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb KZ? (ga¨g)
†KvbwU? (ga¨g) 1 1 1
K24x + 4 9x + 3
=2 4x + 8 9x + 3 2
K (2, − 1)
=2
L
2
1  −
2 2 ( ) ( ) N (2, 4)
M 28x + 4 = 23x + 9 N 44x + 8 = 49x + 3

e¨vL¨v : 16x + 2 = 83x + 1 enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
ev, (24) = (23)
x+2 3x + 1
43. m~PK mgxKi‡Yi †ÿ‡ÎÑ
 24x + 8 = 29x + 3
243 3 i. AÁvZ PjK m~PKiƒ‡c _v‡K
23. 1024
†K 4 Gi m~P‡K cÖKvk Ki‡j NvZ KZ n‡e? (mnR) ii. a  1 n‡j, ax = am n‡e hw` I †Kej hw` x = m nq
1 1 iii. 30x = 1 n‡j, x = 0
K− L−4 M −6
3 4 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (mnR)
3 −6
243 35 3 5
e¨vL¨v : 1024 = 45 = (4) = (4) K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii  i, ii I iii
 NvZ = − 6 44. 33y−1 = 9x+y mgxKiYwUi Rb¨ -
24. wb‡Pi †KvbwU 729 Gi mgvb? (mnR) i. 2x − y + 1 = 0
ii. 2x − y = −1
 ( ) 5
9
15
L
5
9
3
( )
M
3
9
15
( )
N
5
9
9
( ) iii. 2x + y − 1= 0
1 5 3
e¨vL¨v : 729 = 93 = {(95) } = ( 9)
5
15
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb)
25. wb‡Pi †KvbwU 4096 Gi mgvb? (ga¨g)  i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
45. 3x.9y = 81 mgxKiY †_‡K cvIqv hvqÑ
K( ) 3
4
3

3
4
18
( )
M
3
4
36
( )
N
3
4
54
( ) i. x + 2y = 4
ii. x − 2y = 4
26. ( )3 x
4 = 4996 n‡j x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
iii. x + 2y − 4 = 0
K3 L4 M9  18
27. (ab) = (ab) m~‡Î mgxKiYwUi (a > 0, b > 0 Ges ab  1
x − 2 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb)
mgvavb †KvbwU? (ga¨g) K i I ii  i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
1 1 46. i . 16 x
= 4 x+2
K2 −2 M N−
2 2 ii. 2x = 8
28. 2x.5x = 1000 n‡j x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g) iii. x − 4 + 2 = x + 12
3 L4 M5 N6 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
29. q  1 n‡j qx = q mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb †KvbwU? (ga¨g)  i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
Kx=−1 Lx=
1
x=1 Nx=1 47. i. 5x = 1 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb x = 0
2 ii. 5x = 25 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb x = 2
30. a  1, ax = ay n‡j wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) iii. 5x = 125 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb x = 3
Kx>y Lx<y M xy = 1 x=y
31. 2x − 4 = 4ax − 6 (†hLv‡b a > 0, a  2) mgxKiYwUi exR KZ? (ga¨g)
K2 L4 6 N8
32. a  1 n‡j, ax = a mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb KZ? (mnR)
48. i. 2x+7 = 4x+2 n‡j, x = 3
ii. 3.27x = 9x + 4 n‡j, x = 7
Kx=0 x=1 Mx=2 Nx=3
33. 7x = 343 n‡j x = KZ? (mnR) iii. 3mx−1 = 3.amx−2 n‡j, x = 2m
3 L2 M1 N0 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb)
4  i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
34. ( )3
8 Gi mgvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (mnR)
49. ( 3)
x+5
=
3
3
2x + 5
( )
m~PKxq mgxKi‡YÑ
K4 L8  16 N 32
x + 5 2x + 5
35. ( 5)x+1 = 125 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g) i. =
2 3
K2 L3 5 N 10
ii. x = − 5 ii. b > 1
x+5 2x + 5 iii. ab = 1
iii. 3 2 = 3 3
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)  i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
a mx − 2 Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
50. () 3
= 1 m~PKxq mgxKi‡YÑ
i. a  3
3mx −1 = 3.amx − 2 GKwU m~PK mgxKiY
ii. x  3
57. cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU‡K wb‡Pi †Kvb mgxKi‡Yi AvKv‡i †jLv
iii. m  0
hvq? (mnR)
 3mx − 2 = amx − 2 L 3m = 32x
K i I ii  i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M 3mx = amx − 2 N 3mx = 32x + 1
51. | x − 2 | = 2 mgxKi‡Y mgvavbÑ 58. cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb †KvbwU? (KwVb)
i. 0 hLb x − 2 < 0 2 1
ii. 4 hLb x − > 0  L 2m M Nm
m m
iii. 0 hLb x − 2 = 0 59. a=9 Ges m = 24 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? (KwVb)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) 1 2 3
 L M 24 N
 i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 12 13 12
52. x1 + x + 41 − x = 22 n‡jÑ wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 60 - 62 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
i. 4.4x + 4.4−x = 22 5x + 52 – x = 26
ii. 4(4x + 4−x) = 22 60. 5x = p ai‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU ùvovqÑ (mnR)
iii. 2(4x + 4−x) = 11  p2 − 26p +25 = 0 L p2 − 13p + 25 = 0
M p + 25 = 0 N p3 − 26p2 + 25 = 0
61. 5 = 25 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ?
x
(mnR)
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii  i, ii I iii K3 L1 2 N7
53. 22x−3 = a mgxKi‡YÑ 62. 5x = p Ges p = 1 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
3 1
i. a = 1 n‡j, x = 2 0 L1 M N −1
2
ii. a = 2 n‡j, x = 2 wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 63 - 65 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
iii. x = 0 n‡j, a = 8 32x−2 − 5.3x−2 − 66 = 0 GKwU m~PK mgxKiY|
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (mnR) 63. mgxKi‡Yi 3 m~PK wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (mnR)
 i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K 2(x + 2)  2(x − 1) M 2(x + 1) N 2(x + 3)
54. 729 msL¨vwUi Ñ 64. 3x = p n‡j mgxKiYwU‡K p Gi gva¨‡g Kx n‡e? (ga¨g)

K p2 − 5p − 27 = 0 L p2 − 27p − 544 = 0
i. 3 Gi m~PK 36 M p2 + 22p − 594 = 0  p2 − 5p − 594 = 0
3
65. D³ mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb KZ? (KwVb)
ii. 9 Gi m~PK ( 9) 2
K2 3 M4 N5
iii. 27 Gi m~PK 272 wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 66 - 68 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb) 4x+2 = 22x+1 + 14 GKwU m~PK mgxKiY|
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii  i, ii I iii 66. mgxKiYwUi evgcÿ‡K 2 Gi m~P‡K cÖKvk Ki‡j Kx n‡e?
55. ax = am n‡jÑ (mnR)
K 22x+2  22x+4 M 22x+1 N 22x+3
i. x = 1 Gi Rb¨ m = 2 n‡e
67. 2x = a a‡i mgxKiYwU‡K a Gi gva¨‡g cÖKvwkZ iƒc †KvbwU?
ii. x = m n‡e (ga¨g)
iii. axm = 1 K 16a2 = 14  14a2 − 14 = 0
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (mnR) M a14 − 4a2 = 0 N 4a2 + 13 = 0
K i I ii L i I iii  ii I iii N i, ii I iii 68. DcwiD³ mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb Kx n‡e? (KwVb)
56. a−x(ax + b−x) = a2b2 n‡jÑ 0 L1 M2 N3
i. a > 1

69. 4x = 2x + 1 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? 71. 3x + 4 = 8 mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb †KvbwU?
K0 1 M2 N4 K4 L3 M2 0
70. 4x = 32 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? 5b 2x − 6
K5 
5
M3 N
3
72. ( )
a
=1 n‡j x Gi gvb KZ?
2 2 K1 L2 3 N0
1 1
73. ( 3)
x+5
= ( 3 3) 2x + 5
n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? 78. i. 4x = 2 n‡j, x = − 2
5 L6 ii. 5x = 1 n‡j, x = 1
M−3 N4 1
74. 2x + 6 = 8x + 2 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? iii. 9x = 3 n‡j, x = 2
0 L4 M−4 N8 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
75. 2x + 7 = 42x + 1 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? K i I ii L ii I iii
K
4
2 M3 N−2  i I iii N i, ii I iii
3 wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 79 - 81 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
76. ax = am n‡j - 32x + 1 − 43x + 1 + 9 = 0 GKwU m~PK mgxKiY|
i. x = 1 Gi Rb¨ m = 2 n‡e 79. 3x = a ai‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU a Gi gva¨‡g cÖKvk Ki‡j
ii. x = m n‡e wKiƒc n‡e?
iii. ax − m = 1  3a2 − 12a + 9 = 0 L a2 − 4a + 9 = 0
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M 3a2 − 4a + 9 = 0 N a3 − 4a + 9 = 0
K i I ii L ii I ii  ii I iii N i, ii I iii
80. 3x = a ai‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU‡Z a Gi gvb KZ?
1 1
77. 729 msL¨vwUi - K − 3, − 9  1, 3 M−
3
,9 N 3,
9
i. 3 Gi m~PK 36 ii. 9 Gi m~PK ( 9)6 81. mgxKiYwUi mgvavb KZ?
iii. 27 Gi m~PK 272 1
 0, 1 L 0, − 1 M 1, 2 N ,1
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 2

64
œ 1  4096, 729 I 729
cÖk- wZbwU msL¨v| Gi m~P‡K cÖKvk Ki| 4
1  1 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb 
K. 1g msL¨vwU‡K 2, 4 Gi m~P‡K cÖKvk Ki| 2
Rbbx gva¨wgK D”PZi MwY‡Zi 206 c„ôvi Abykxjbg~jK Kv‡Ri 1, 2, 3 †`L|
L. 1g msL¨vwU‡K 8, 2 2 Gi m~P‡K Ges 2q
5
msL¨vwU‡K 9, 9 Gi m~P‡K cÖKvk Ki| 4
3 3 3 729 4
M. 3q msL¨vwU‡K 2 , 2
Gi m~P‡K Ges 4096 †K 3

œ 2  m~PK mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb Ki‡Z m~P‡Ki †h ag©wU cÖvqB
cÖk-  x=7
eënvi Kiv nq Zv n‡jv a  1 n‡j a = a n‡e hw` I †Kej hw` L. 3mp−1 = 3amp−2
x m
x = m nq| GRb¨ cÖ_g mgxKi‡Yi Dfqcÿ‡K GKB msL¨v NvZ ev 3mp−1

ev, 3 = amp−2
kw³iƒ‡c cÖKvk Kiv nq| 3mp−2
K. mgvavb Ki : 3.27x = 9x + 4 2 ev, mp−2 = 1
a
L. mgvavb Ki : 3mp −1 = 3amp − 2 (a > 0, a  3, p  0), 3 mp−2 3 0
†hLv‡b m AÁvZ PjK| 4

ev, a =
a () ()
ev, mp − 2 = 0
M. mgvavb Ki : 3(9x − 4.3x − 1) + 1 = 0 4 ev, mp = 2
 2 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb  ev, m = p
2
K. 3.27x = 9x+4 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : m = p

2
ev, 3.33x = 32(x+4)
ev, 33x+1 = 32(x+4) M. 3(9x − 4.3x−1) + 1 = 0
ev, 3x + 1 = 2x + 8 ev, 3.32x − 3.4.3x−1 + 1 = 0
ev, 3x − 2x = 8 − 1 ev, 3.(3x)2 − 4.3x + 1 = 0
awi, 3 = ax
K. m = 1 Ges b = −2 n‡j 2x Gi gvb KZ? 2
 3a − 4a + 1 = 0
2
L. 3b = 3.ab−1 n‡j x Gi gvb KZ? †hLv‡b (a > 0, b 
ev, 3a2 − 3a − a + 1 = 0 3, m  0) 4
ev, 3a(a − 1) − 1(a − 1) = 0 M. m = 1 Ges 32b − 5.3b−1 − 66 = 0 n‡j x Gi gvb KZ? 4
ev, (a − 1) (3a − 1) = 0
nq, a − 1 = 0 A_ev, 3a − 1 = 0  4 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb 
a=1 a=
1 K. †Ìqv Av‡Q, b = mx − 1
3 Ges b = −2
1 1
a=1 n‡j, a=
3
n‡j, 3x = 3 myZivs mx − 1 = −2
3x = 1 [a Gi gvb ewm‡q] ev, 3x = 3−1 ev, x − 1 = −2 [ m = 1]
ev, 3x = (3)0  x = −1 ev, x = −1
x=0 1
 2x = 2−1 =
2
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : − 1, 0
1
wb‡Y©q gvb : 2x = 2
œ 3  ( 4) = ( 64)
5 11 4 x+7 2 x+7 a2b2 + 1
cÖk- −x −x
Ges a (a + b ) = 2 2
x
ab L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY, 3b = 3.ab−1
Ges ab  1) `yBwU m~PKxq mgxKiY|
(a > 0, b > 0 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Y b Gi gvb ewm‡q cvB,
K. cÖ_g mgxKiY‡K am = an AvKv‡i †jL| 2 3mx−1 = 3.amx−1−1
L. cÖ_g mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki| 4 ev, 3mx−1 = 3.amx−2
M. wØZxq mgxKiYwU mgvavb K‡i †`LvI †h, mgxKiY 3mx−1
`yBwUi g~j mgvb| 4 ev, 3 = amx−2
 3 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb  ev, 3mx−2 = amx−2
mx−2 0
K. †Ìqv Av‡Q, ( 4)
5
4x+7
=(
11
64)
2x+7
(3)
ev, a =
a (3) [ a > 0, a  3]
1 3 ev, mx − 2 = 0
ev, (4 ) = (4 )
4x+7 2x+7
5 11
ev, mx = 2
(4x+7) 3(2x+7) 2
5 11 x= [ m  0]
4 =4 m
GwUB wb‡Y©q AvKvi| wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = m
2
(4x+7) 3(2x+7)
L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, 4 =4

5 11
M. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY, 32b − 5.3b−1 − 66 = 0
1 3(2x + 7) ev, 32(mx−1) − 5.3mx−1−1 − 66 = 0 [ b = mx−1]
 (4x + 7) =
5 11 ev, 32x−2 − 5.3x−2 − 66 = 0 [ m = 1]
ev, 11(4x + 7) =15(2x + 7) ev, 32x.3−2 − 5.3x.3−2 − 66 = 0
ev, 44x + 77 = 30x + 105 32x 5
ev, 9 − 9 .3x − 66 = 0
ev, 44x − 30x = 105 − 77
ev, 14x = 28 ev, 32x − 5.3x − 594 = 0
ev, (3x)2 − 5.3x − 594 = 0
x = 2 ev, a2 − 5a − 594 = 0 [3x = a a‡i]
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 2 ev, a2 − 27a + 22a − 594 = 0
a2b2 + 1 ev, (a − 27) (a + 22) = 0
M. †Ìqv Av‡Q, a−x(ax + b−x) = a2b2
GLb a + 22  0 †Kbbv, a = 3x > 0
1  a − 27 = 0
ev, a−x. ax + a−x. b−x = 1 +
(ab)2 ev, 3x = 27
ev, 1 + (ab)−x = 1+ (ab)−2 ev, 3x = 33
ev, (ab)−x = (ab)−2 x=3
ev, – x = −2 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 3
 x=2 œ 5  A.
cÖk- 3x.9y = 81
B. a3x + y.a2y = a20
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 2 C. 8yx − 72x = 16
ÔLÕ n‡Z cÖ_g mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb x = 2 D. 2x = y2
A_©vr mgxKiY `ywUi g~j mgvb| K. B n‡Z x I > Gi m¤úK© wbY©q Ki| 2
L. A I B n‡Z (x, y) wbY©q Ki| 4
œ 4  b = mx − 1
cÖk- M. C I D mgxKiYØ‡qi mgvavb wbY©q Ki| 4
 5 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb  ev, – 6y + 3y = 20 – 12
K. †Ìqv Av‡Q, a3x + y.a2y = a20 ev,– 3y = 8
8
ev, a3x + y + 2y = a20 y=–
3
ev, 3x + 3y = 20 mgxKiY (i) ÑG yÑGi gvb ewm‡q cvB,
ev, 3x = 20 − 3y
1
 x = (20 − 3y) GwUB wb‡Y©q m¤úK©|
3
x=4−2 (− 83)
L. †Ìqv Av‡Q, 3x.9y = 81 12 + 16
ev, x = 3
ev, 3x.32y = 81
28
ev, 3x + 2y = 34 x=
3
ev, x + 2y = 4 28 8
 x = 4 − 2y .....................(i)
1
(x, y) = ( ) 3 3

ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, x = 3 (20 − 3y) .....................(ii) M. 8yx − 72x = 16 .....................(i)
mgxKiY (i) I (ii) †_‡K cvB, 2x = y2 .....................(ii)
1 GLb, mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB,
4 – 2y = (20 – 3y) y2x − 8yx + 16 = 0
3
ev, 12 – 6y = 20 – 3y ev, (yx)2 − 2.yx.4 + 42 = 0
ev, (yx − 4)2 = 0
 yx = 4
Avevi, mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB,
2x = y2
ev, (2x)x = (y2)x [Dfqc‡ÿi NvZ x-G DbœxZ K‡i]
ev, 2x2 = y2x [ (am)n = amn]
ev, 2x2 = (yx)2 [ amn = (am)n]
ev, 2x2 = 42 [(iii) bs †_‡K yx Gi gvb ewm‡q]
ev, 2x2 = 16
ev, 2x2 = 24
ev, x2 = 4 [ am = an n‡j m = n]
x=2
GLb, mgxKiY (ii)Ñ G x Gi gvb ewm‡q cvB,
hLb, x = 2, ZLb, 22 = y2
ev, y2 = 4
y=2
hLb, x = − 2, ZLb, 2− 2 = y2
1
ev, y2 = 4
1
y=
2
( 1) (
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (y, 2), (2, − 2), − 2 2 , − 2 − 2
1
)
yx = x2 x K. †Ìqv Av‡Q, yx = x2 ..................(i)
œ 6
cÖk- x2x = y4 } Ges yy == 24 }; y  1 `yBwU `yB PjKwewkó
2 x
x2x = y4 ..................(ii)
m~PKxq mgxKiY| mgxKiY (ii) n‡Z cvB, (x2)x = y4
ev, (yx)x = y4 [(i) bs Øviv]
K. cÖ_g mgxKiY †RvU †_‡K x Gi gvb †ei Ki| 2 2
ev, yx = y4
L. cÖ_g mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb wbY©q Ki| 4 ev, x2 = 4 [m~PK mgxK…Z K‡i]
M. †`LvI †h, wØZxq mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb cÖ_g  x =  2 (Ans.)
mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvav‡bi mgvb| 4 L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, x =  2
Avevi, ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, yx = x2 .................(i)
x Gi gvb mgxKiY (i)ÑG ewm‡q cvB, mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB,
x = 2 n‡j, y2 = 22 ev, yx = 4
ev, y2 = 4 x x
ev, (2 ) = 4
x
2 2
y=2 [(iii) bs †_‡K y = 2 ewm‡q]
Ges x = − 2 n‡j, y−2 = (− 2)2 x2
2
1 ev, 2 = 22
ev, y2 = 4
x2
ev, 2 = 2
1
 y=2
x=2
1 1 x Gi gvb mgxKiY (i) G ewm‡q cvB,
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2) (2, − 2), ( ),(
− 2
2
− 2 −
2 ) x = 2 n‡j, y2 = 4
M. 2q mgxKiY †RvU †_‡K cvB, y=2
yx = 4 .......................(i) x = − 2 n‡j, y−2 = 4
y2 = 2x .....................(ii)
1
mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB, ev, y2 = 4
1 x
1
2 2 y=
y2
( ) =2 [Dfq w`‡K eM©g~j K‡i] 2
( 1) ( 1
x
2
ev, y = 2 .....................(iii) )
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2) (2, − 2), − 2 2 , − 2 − 2
 wØZxq mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb, cÖ_g mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui

mgvav‡bi mgvb| (†`Lv‡bv n‡jv)

œ 7
cÖk- Ges 32x − 2 − 5.3x − 2 = 66 `yBwU L. 1g mgxKiYwUi mgvavb wbY©q Ki|
22x − 3.2x + 2 = − 32 4
m~PK mgxKiY| M. 2q mgxKiYwUi mgvavb wbY©q Ki Ges ïw× cixÿv Ki| 4
K. 2 = a a‡i 1g mgxKiYwU †jL|
x 2 DËi : L. x = 5; M. x = 2
L. 1g mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki| 4 cÖk- œ 9  41 + x = 41 − x = 10 ..............(i)
M. 2q mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki Ges mgxKiYØ‡qi g‡a¨ mvaviY 4x = a ..............................(ii)
g~j wbY©q Ki| 4 K. (i) bs mgxKiY‡K a Gi GKwU wØNvZ mgxKi‡Y cÖKvk Ki| 2
DËi : K. a −12a + 32 = 0; L. x = 2, 3; M. x = 3, mvaviY g~j = 3 L. a Gi gvb ev¯Íe Kx? m~‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ a Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| 4
2
M. x Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| 4

cÖk-
x+ 5
œ 8  ( 3) = 3 5 ( )
2x + 5
Ges 4 ( )
5 4x + 7
=
11
( )
64
2x + 7
DËi : L. x = 5
`yBwU m~PK mgxKiY| M. x = 2
K. m~PK mgxKiY Kv‡K e‡j? 2
A b yk xj b x 5 .4

 `yB PjKwewkó wØNvZ mgxKiY †RvU
†h mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui Dfq mgxKiYB wØNvZ G‡ì‡K `yB PjKwewkó wØNvZ mgxKiY †RvU e‡j| †hgb- x2 + y2 = 25, xy = 12
wØNvZ mgxKiY †RvU|
†R‡b ivL :
1. x2 + y2 Gi gvb me©`v abvZ¥K KviY `yBwU msL¨vi e‡M©i †hvMdj KLbI FYvZ¥K nq bv|
2. xy Gi gvb FYvZ¥K n‡j x wKsev y Gi †h‡Kv‡bv GKwU FYvZ¥K|
3. (x + y) I (x − y) Dfq ivwki gvbB abvZ¥K wKsev FYvZ¥K †h‡Kv‡bvwU A_ev DfqB n‡Z cv‡i|
†hgb : (x + y)2 = 49 n‡j x + y =  7
Avevi (x − y)2 = 64 n‡j x − y =  8

mgvavb Ki : cÖkœ \ 2 \ (x − 2) (y − 1) = 3
cÖkœ \ 1 \ (2x + 3) (y − 1) = 14 (x + 2) (2y − 5) = 15
(x − 3) (y − 2) = −1 mgvavb : (x − 2) (y − 1) = 3 ...................(i)
mgvavb : (2x + 3) (y − 1) = 14 ................(i) (x + 2) (2y − 5) = 15 ..............(ii)
(x − 3) (y − 2) = −1 ..................(ii) mgxKiY (i) n‡Z Avgiv cvB,
mgxKiY (i) n‡Z Avgiv cvB, 3
x−2=
y−1=
14 y−1
2x + 3 3
14 ev, x − 2 + 4 = y − 1 + 4
ev, y = 2x + 3 + 1 ..................(iii)
3 + 4y − 4
y Gi gvb mgxKiY (ii) G ewm‡q cvB, ev, x + 2 = y−1
4y − 1
(x − 3) (2x14+ 3 + 1 − 2) = − 1 =
y−1
(x + 2) Gi gvb mgKxiY (ii) G ewm‡q cvB,
14
ev, (x − 3) (2x + 3 − 1) = − 1 4y − 1 (2y − 5) = 15
y−1
14 − 2x − 3
ev, (x − 3)  2x + 3  = − 1 ev, 8y2 − 22y + 5 = 15y − 15
(x − 3) (11 − 2x)
ev, 8y2 − 22y + 5 − 15y + 15 = 0
ev, (2x + 3)
=−1 ev, 8y2 − 37y + 20 = 0
ev, (x − 3) (11 − 2x) = − (2x + 3) ev, 8y2 − 32y − 5y + 20 = 0
ev, 11x − 2x2 − 33 + 6x = − (2x + 3) ev, 8y(y − 4) − 5(y − 4) = 0
ev, 17x − 2x2 − 33 + 2x + 3 = 0 ev, (y − 4) (8y − 5) = 0
ev, 2x2 − 19x + 30 = 0 nq, y − 4 = 0 A_ev, 8y − 5 = 0
ev, 2x2 − 15x − 4x + 30 = 0 y=4 ev, 8y = 5
ev, x(2x − 15) − 2(2x − 15) = 0 5
y=
8
ev, (2x − 15) (x − 2) = 0
y Gi gvb mgxKiY (i) G ewm‡q cvB,
nq, x − 2 = 0 A_ev, 2x − 15 = 0
y = 4 n‡j, 5
x=2 ev, 2x = 15 y = n‡j,
(x − 2) (4 − 1) = 3 8
15
x= ev, (x − 2).3 = 3 5
2
ev, x − 2 = 1
(x − 2)( ) 8
−1 =3
x Gi gvb mgxKiY (ii) G ewm‡q cvB, −3
15 x=3 ev, (x − 2) . 8 = 3
x = n‡j,
2 8
15 ev, x − 2 = 3  −3
( 2 )
− 3 (y − 2) = − 1
ev, x − 2 = − 8
9 x=−6
ev, 2 (y − 2) = −1
5
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (3, 4), (− 6, 8 )
ev, y − 2 = − 2
9 cÖkœ \ 3 \ x2 = 7x + 6y
2 −2 + 18 16
ev, y = − + 2 = 9 = 9 y2 = 7y + 6x
9
mgvavb : x2 = 7x + 6y ....................(i)
Avevi, x = 2 n‡j, y2 = 7y + 6x .................................(ii)
(2 − 3) (y − 2) = − 1 mgxKiY (i) †_‡K (ii) we‡qvM K‡i cvB,
ev, −1 (y − 2) = −1
x2 − y2 = x − y
ev, y − 2 = 1 ev, (x − y) (x + y) −1(x − y) = 0
y=3
ev, (x − y) (x + y − 1) = 0
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 3), (152  169) nq, x − y = 0
 x = y ............(iii)
A_ev, x + y − 1 = 0
 x = 1 − y ........(iv)
x = 1 − y gvbwU (i) bs G ewm‡q cvB, cÖkœ \ 5 \ x + y = 1
4
(1 − y)2 = 7(1 − y) + 6y
4
ev, 1 − 2y + y2 = 7 − 7y + 6y y+
x
= 25
ev, y2 − 2y + 1 − 7 + y = 0 4
ev, y2 − y − 6 = 0 mgvavb : x + y = 1 ...............................(i)
ev, y2 − 3y + 2y − 6 = 0 4
y + = 25 ............................(ii)
x
ev, (y − 3) (y + 2) = 0 (i) bs n‡Z cvB, xy + 4 = y ...................(iii)
nq, y − 3 = 0 A_ev, y + 2 = 0 (ii) bs n‡Z cvB, xy + 4 = 25x ............. (iv)
y=3  y = −2 (iv) − (iii) n‡Z cvB, 25x − y = 0
y Gi gvbmg~n (iv) bs G ewm‡q cvB,  y = 25x .....................................(v)
y = 3 n‡j, x = 1 − 3 = −2 (i) bs G y = 25x ewm‡q cvB,
y = −2 n‡j, x = 1 − (−2) = 3 4
x+ =1
Avevi, (i) bs G x = y ewm‡q cvB, 25x
ev, 25x2 + 4 = 25x
y2 = 7y + 6y
ev, y2 = 13y ev, 25x2 − 25x + 4 = 0
ev, 25x2 − 20x − 5x + 4 = 0
ev, y2 − 13y = 0 ev, (5x − 4) (5x − 1) = 0
ev, y(y − 13) = 0 nq, 5x − 4 = 0 A_ev, 5x − 1 = 0
 y = 0 A_ev 13 ev, 5x = 4 ev, 5x = 1
GLb, y-Gi gvb (iii) bs G ewm‡q cvB, 4 1
x= x=
y = 0 n‡j, x = 0 5 5
y = 13 n‡j, x = 13 x Gi gvb (v) bs G ewm‡q cvB,
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (0, 0), (13, 13), (3, −2), (−2, 3) 4 4
cÖkœ \ 4 \ x2 = 3x + 2y
x = n‡j, y = 25
5 ()
5
= 20
1 1
y2 = 3y + 2x x = n‡j, y = 25  = 5
5 5
mgvavb : x2 = 3x + 2y ...........................(i) 1 4
y2 = 3y + 2x ..........................(ii)
mgxKiY (i) n‡Z (ii) we‡qvM K‡i cvB,
( )( )
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = 5  5 , 5  20
4
x2 − y2 = 3x + 2y − 3y − 2x cÖkœ \ 6 \ y+3=x
ev, x2 − y2 − x + y = 0 5
ev, (x − y) (x + y) −1(x − y) = 0 x−4=
3y
ev, (x − y) (x + y − 1) = 0 4
mgvavb : y + 3 = x ..................................(i)
nq, x − y = 0 A_ev, x + y −1 = 0
 x = y ............(iii)  x = 1 − y ............(iv) x−4=
5
................................ (ii)
(i) bs G x = y ewm‡q cvB, 3y
y2 = 3y + 2y 4
(i) bs n‡Z cvB, y = − 3 ........................(iii)
ev, y2 = 5y x
ev, y2 − 5y = 0 5
(ii) bs n‡Z cvB, x − =4
3y
ev, y(y − 5) = 0
 y = 0 A_ev 5
ev, 3xy − 5 = 12y .................(iv)
(iii) bs n‡Z y Gi gvb (iv) bs G ewm‡q cvB,
y Gi gvb (iii) bs G ewm‡q cvB,
y = 0 n‡j, x = 0 4 4
y = 5 n‡j, x = 5
3x ( )x
− 3 − 5 = 12 ( )
x
−3
4 − 3x 12(4 − 3x)
Avevi, (i) bs G x = 1 − y ewm‡q cvB, ev, 3x  x  − 5 = x
(1 − y)2 = 3(1 − y) + 2y
48
ev, 1 − 2y + y2 = 3 − 3y + 2y ev, 12 − 9x − 5 = x − 36
ev, 1 − 2y + y2 = 3 − y 48
ev, y2 − 2y + y − 2 = 0 ev, 7 − 9x = x − 36
ev, (y − 2) (y + 1) = 0 48
 y = 2 A_ev −1 ev, 9x + x = 36 + 7
y Gi gvb (iv) bs G ewm‡q cvB, ev, 9x2 + 48 = 43x
y = 2 n‡j, x = 1 − 2 = –1 ev, 9x2 – 43x + 48 = 0
y = −1 n‡j, x = 1 − (−1) = 1 + 1 = 2 ev, 9x2 − 27x − 16x + 48 = 0
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (0, 0), (5, 5), (−1, 2), (2, −1) ev, (x − 3) (9x − 16) = 0
nq, x − 3 = 0 A_ev, 9x −16 = 0 nq, 5x − 7y = 0 A_ev, 6x+ y = 0
x=3 ev, 9x = 16 ev, 5x = 7y ev, 6x = −y
16 7y y
x= x= ...........(iii)  x = − ........(iv)
9 5 6
x Gi gvb (iii) bs G ewm‡q cvB, (i) bs G x =
7y
ewm‡q cvB,
5
x = 3 n‡j,
4 − 9 −5 7y 2 7y
4
y= −3=
3 3
=
3 ( ) ( )
5
2
−
5
2
y = 14
16 4 49y 7y
x= n‡j, y = 16 − 3 ev, 25 − 5 = 14
9
ev, 7 25 − 5  = 14
9 7y2 y2
9 9 9 − 12 −3
=4 −3= −3= = 7y2 y2
16 4 4 4
ev, 25 − 5 = 2 [7 Øviv fvM K‡i]
−5 16 −3
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (3, 3 ),  9  4  7y − 5y
2 2
ev, 25 = 2
cÖkœ \ 7 \ xy − x2 = 1
y2 − xy = 2 ev, 2y2 = 50
mgvavb : xy − x2 = 1 .........................(i) ev, y2 = 25
y2 − xy = 2 ........................ (ii) y=5
(i) bs †_‡K cvB, y Gi gvb (iii)bs G ewm‡q cvB,
7
x(y − x) = 1 ............................(iii) y = 5 n‡j, x =  5 = 7
5
(ii) bs †_‡K cvB,
7
y(y − x) = 2 .............................(iv) y = −5 n‡j, x =  (−5) = −7
5
(iv) bs †K (iii) bs Øviv fvM K‡i cvB, −y
y(y − x) 2 Avevi, (i) bs G x = 6 ewm‡q cvB,
=
x(y − x) 1
−y2 − −y y = 14
y 2
ev, x = 1 6 6
y2 y2
 y = 2x ............................(v) ev, 36 + 6 = 14
y Gi gvb (i) bs G ewm‡q cvB, y2 + 6y2
x.2x − x2 = 1
ev, 36 = 14
ev, 2x2 − x2 = 1 ev, 7y2 = 14  36
ev, x2 = 1 14  36
ev, y2 = 7
ev, x2 − 1 = 0
ev, (x − 1) (x + 1) = 0 ev, y2 = 36  2
 x = 1 A_ev −1 y=6 2
x Gi gvb (v) bs G ewm‡q cvB,  y = 6 2 A_ev −6 2
x = 1 n‡j, y = 2  1 = 2 y Gi gvb (iv) G ewm‡q cvB,
x = −1 n‡j, y = 2(−1) = −2 1
y = 6 2 n‡j, x = −  6 2 = − 2
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (1, 2), (−1, −2) 6
1
cÖkœ \ 8 \ x2 − xy = 14 y = −6 2 n‡j x = −  (−6 2 ) = 2
6
y2 + xy = 60
mgvavb : x2 − xy = 14 ............................(i) wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (7, 5), (−7, −5), ( 2 , −6 2 ),
y2 + xy = 60 ........................... (ii) (− 2 , 6 2 )
mgxKiY (ii) n‡Z (i) fvM K‡i cvB, cÖkœ \ 9 \ x2 + y2 = 25
y2 + xy 60 xy = 12
=
x2 − xy 14 mgvavb : x2 + y2 = 25 .................(i)
2
y + xy 30 Ges xy = 12 .......................(ii)
ev, x2 − xy = 7
(i) bs n‡Z Avgiv cvB,
ev, 30x2 − 30xy = 7y2 + 7xy (x + y)2 − 2xy = 25
ev, 30x2 − 30xy −7y2 − 7xy = 0 ev, (x + y)2 = 25 + 2  12 [(ii) n‡Z]
ev, 30x2 − 37xy − 7y2 = 0 ev, (x + y)2 = 49
ev, 30x2 − 42xy + 5xy − 7y2 = 0 ev, (x + y)2 = (7)2
ev, 6x(5x − 7y) + y(5x − 7y) = 0 ev, x + y = 7
ev, (5x − 7y) (6x + y) = 0  x + y = 7 n‡j, x = 7 − y .....................(iii)
Avevi, x + y = − 7 n‡j, x = −7 − y ..........(iv) mgvavb : x2 + xy + y2 = 3 ...............(i)
(ii) bs-G x = 7 − y ewm‡q cvB, Ges x2 − xy + y2 = 7................ (ii)
y(7 − y) = 12 (i) I (ii) †hvM K‡i cvB,
ev, 7y − y2 = 12 2(x2 + y2) = 10
ev, y2 − 7y + 12 = 0  x2 + y2 = 5 .............................(iii)
Avevi, (i) n‡Z (ii) we‡qvM K‡i cvB,
ev, y2 − 4y − 3y + 12 = 0 2xy = −4
ev, y(y − 4) −3(y − 4) = 0  xy = −2 ..............................(iv)
ev, (y − 4) (y − 3) = 0 Avgiv Rvwb,
nq, y − 4 = 0 A_ev, y − 3 = 0 x2 − y2 = (x2 + y2)2 − 4x2y2
y=4 y=3 = (x2 + y2)2 − 4(xy)2
Avevi, (ii) bs G x = −7 − y ewm‡q cvB = 52 − 4(−2)2 [(iii) I (iv) bs n‡Z]
y(−7 − y) = 12 = 25 − 16
ev, y2 + 7y + 12 = 0 = 9
ev, y2 + 4y + 3y + 12 = 0  x2 − y2 =  3 ..............................(v)
ev, (y + 4) (y + 3) = 0 (iii) I (v) bs †hvM K‡i cvB,
nq, y + 4 = 0 A_ev, y + 3 = 0 nq, 2x2 = 8 A_ev, 2x2 = 2
y=−4  y = −3 ev, x = 4
2
ev, x2 = 1
y Gi gvbmg~n (ii) G ewm‡q cvB,  x = 2  x = 1
x Gi gvb¸‡jv (iv) G ewm‡q cvB,
12
y=4 n‡j, x = 4 = 3 −2
x = 2 n‡j, y = = −1
12 2
y=3 n‡j, x = 3 = 4 −2
x = −2 n‡j, y = =1
12 −2
y = −4 n‡j, x = −4 = −3 –2
x = 1 n‡j, y = = −2
1
12
y = −3 n‡j, x = = −4 −2
−3 x = −1 n‡j, x = =2
−1
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (3, 4), (4, 3), (− 3, − 4), (− 4, − 3) wb‡Y©q mgvavb: (x, y) = (1, – 2), (2, −1), (−1, 2), (−2, 1)
x + y x − y 10
cÖkœ \ 10 \ x − y + x + y = 3 cÖkœ \ 12 \ 2x2 + 3xy + y2 = 20
x2 − y2 = 3 5x2 + 4y2 = 41
x + y x − y 10 mgvavb : 2x2 + 3xy + y2 = 20 ................(i)
mgvavb : x − y + x + y = 3 ................(i) 5x2 + 4y2 = 41 ........................(ii)
x2 − y2 = 3 ................................(ii) mgxKiY (i) †K (ii) Øviv fvM K‡i cvB,
(x + y)2 + (x − y)2 10 2x2 + 3xy + y2 20
(i) bs n‡Z cvB, =
(x − y)(x + y) 3 5x2 + 4y2
=
41
x + 2xy + y + x − 2xy + y
2 2 2 2
10
ev, = ev, 100x2 + 80y2 = 82x2 + 123xy + 41y2
x2 − y 2 3
2 2
2(x + y ) 10
ev, 100x2 − 82x2 − 123xy + 80y2 − 41y2 = 0
ev, x2 − y2 = 3 ev, 18x2 − 123xy + 39y2 = 0
2(x2 + y2) 10 ev, 6x2 − 41xy + 13y2 = 0 [3 Øviv fvM K‡i]
ev, = [(ii) n‡Z]
3 3 ev, 6x − 2xy − 39xy + 13y = 0
2 2
ev, x + y = 5 ...........................(iii)
2 2
ev, 2x(3x − y) − 13y(3x − y) = 0
(ii) †_‡K (iii) †hvM K‡i cvB,
ev, (3x − y) (2x − 13y) = 0
2x2 = 8
ev, x2 = 4 nq, 3x − y = 0 A_ev, 2x − 13y = 0
 x = 2  y = 3x ............(iii) ev, 2x = 13y
x =2 n‡j, (ii) bs n‡Z cvB, 2
y= x ..........(iv)
– y2 = −1 13
ev, y = 1 (ii) bs mgxKi‡Y y = 3x ewm‡q cvB,
Avevi, x = −2 n‡j, (ii) bs n‡Z cvB, 5x2 + 4(3x)2 = 41
−y2 = −1 ev, 5x2 + 4  9x2 = 41
ev, y2 = 1 ev, 5x2 + 36x2 = 41
 y = 1
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 1), (2, – 1), (−2, 1), (−2, −1) ev, 41x2 = 41
cÖkœ \ 11 \ x2 + xy + y2 = 3 ev, x2 = 1
x2 − xy + y2 = 7  x = 1
(iii) bs mgxKi‡Y x = 1 ewm‡q cvB, 169
ev, x = 
x = 1 n‡j, y = 3  1 = 3 21
x = −1 n‡j, y = 3(−1) = −3 13
x=
2x 21
(ii) bs mgxKi‡Y y = ewm‡q cvB, 13
13 (iv) bs mgxKi‡Y x =  ewm‡q cvB,
2x 2 21
( )
5x2 + 4
13
2
= 41
x=
13 2
n‡j, y = 13 
13
=
2
4x 21 21 21
ev, 5x2 + 4169 = 41 13 2
x=− n‡j, y = −
ev, 845x2 + 16x2 = 41  169 21 21
ev, 861x2 = 41  169 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (1, 3), (−1, −3)
41  169 13 2 13 2
ev, x2 = 861 ( 
21 21 )( , −
21
−
21 )
169
ev, x2 = 21

1 3 1
54 : `yB PjKwewkó wØNvZ mgxKiY †RvU 11. x + y = 2, y + x = 3 n‡j wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
K x = 3y  y = 2x M x = 2y N y = 6x
mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 12. x2 + y2 = 60 I xy = – 42 n‡j (x − y) Gi FYvZ¥K gv‡bi
1. y+3=
4
mgxKiYwU †_‡K wb‡Pi †Kvb mgxKiYwU cvIqv hvq? (ga¨g) Rb¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mZ¨? (ga¨g)
x K − 144  − 12 M− 144 N 14
K xy − 3x = 4  xy + 3x = 4 e¨vL¨v : (x − y)2 = x2 + y2 − 2xy
M xy − x = 3 N xy + x = 3 = 60 + 2  42
1 3 1 = 144
2. wb‡Pi †KvbwU x + y = 2 , y + x = 3 mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui  x − y = 144 =  12
GKwU mgvavb n‡e? (ga¨g) 13. x2 + y2 = 25 I xy = 12 n‡j (x2 − y2) Gi abvZ¥K gvb KZ?
K (x, y) = (0, 0)  (x, y) = (1, 2) (ga¨g)
M (x, y) = (2, 1) N (x, y) = (2, 3) 7 L9 M 11 N 25
3. †KvbwU `yB Pj‡Ki wØNvZ mgxKiY? (mnR) e¨vL¨v : (x2 − y2)2 = (x2 + y2)2 − 4x2y2
= 625 − 576
 x2 + y2 = 40 L 4x + 5 = 0 = 49
M 2x − 1 = 0 N ax + y = 0  x2 − y2 = 49 =  7
4. x2 + y2 = 25, x − 2y = 10 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb KZ?
14. 2
(KwVb) x y
= 5 I x + y = 10
x
+
K (0, −5), (4, 3) L (0, 5), (4, −3) y
 (0,−5, (4, −3) N (0, 5), (4, 3) mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb †KvbwU? (KwVb)
x y K (x, y) = (− 2, 8) L (x, y) = (2, − 8)
5. + = 5, x + y = 10 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb KZ? (KwVb)
y x M (x, y) = (− 2, − 8)  (x, y) = (2, 8)
 (8, 2), (2, 8) L (−9, −2), (−1, 4) 15. x2 = 7x + 6y, y2 = 7y + 6x n‡j (x + y) = KZ? (KwVb)
M (2, 8), (−2, −8) N (8, 2), (− 8, − 2) 1 L−1 M2 N−2
6. wb‡Pi †KvbwU `yB PjK wewkó GK NvZ mgxKiY? (ga¨g)
K x2 + xy = 12, xy = 8 L x2 + y2 = 25, x − 2y = 10 enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
M xy − y2 = 1, y2 − xy = 2  x + y = 20, 2x + 3y = 8
x+y x−y 5 2
16. x2 + y2 = 25 Ges xy = 12 GKwU mgxKiY †RvU n‡jÑ
7. + = , x + y2 = 90 mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui x2 Gi gvb i. x + y = 7
x−y x+y 2
KZ? (KwVb) ii. x − y = 1
K9 L 18 M 90  81 iii. (x, y) = (4, 3)
GKwU mgvavb
8. 3x + 6y = 20, 2x − 3y = 4 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb)
mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui (x, y) Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (KwVb) K i I ii L i I iii
4 1 M ii I iii  i, ii I iii
K (4, 3)  4( ) 3
M (3, 4) N 4( )
2
17. i. x + 2y − 3 = 0, 4x − y − 3 = 0 mgxKiYØ‡qi x-Gi gvb 1
9. xy = − 30, x + y = 61 mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
2 2
ii. DcwiD³ mgxKiYØ‡q y Gi gvb 3
K (x, y) = (3, 4)  (x, y) = (6, − 5)
M (x, y) = (6, 5) N (x, y) = (5, 4) iii. DcwiD³ mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb n‡e (1, 1)
10. x + xy = 74, xy = 48 mgxKi‡Y (x, y) Gi mgvavb †KvbwU? (ga¨g) wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
 (x, y) = (6, 8) L (x, y) = (8, 4) K i I ii  i I iii
M (x, y) = (2, 6) N (xy) = (4, 6) M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
18. i. x + 2y = 3; 4x −y = 3 mgxKiYØ‡q y Gi gvb 1 Ki I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
ii. mgxKiYØ‡q y Gi gvb 2 24. 2x2 = 128 n‡jÑ
iii. mgxKiYØ‡q y Gi gvb 1 i. x = 2 ii. x2 = 64
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) iii. x =  8
K i I ii  i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
19. 6x − 5y = 8 I 4x − 5y = 2 `yBwU mgxKiYÑ K i I ii L i I iii  ii I iii N i, ii I iii
i. mgxKiYØ‡q 5y = 10 Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
ii. mgxKiYØ‡q x Gi gvb 3
iii. mgxKiYØ‡q y Gi gvb 2 wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 25 - 27bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
xy − x2 = 1, y2 − xy = 2 GKwU mgxKiY †RvU|
25. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY †RvU Abymv‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU x2 − y2 Gi gvb?
(mnR)
20. i. x2 + y2 = 25, xy = 12 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY †RvU  −3 L3 M4 N6
ii. x + 2y = 3, 4x − y = 3 GKwU wØPjK mgxKiY †RvU 26. (x − y)2 Gi gvb †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
iii. x2 + xy = 3 GKwU GK PjK mgxKiY †RvU
K −1 1 M 3 N3
27. 2q mgxKi‡Y x = 0 n‡j, y2 + ( − y)2 Gi gvb KZ? (KwVb)
K−2 L0 M2 4
21. x2 + xy + y2 = 3 Ges x2 − xy + y2 = 7 n‡jÑ
i. (x + y)2 = 1
x2 + xy + y2 = 3; x2 − xy + y2 = 7
ii. x2 + y2 = 0
28. x2 + y2 = KZ? (mnR)
iii. xy = − 2
K3 L4 5 N6
29. xy = KZ? (mnR)
K1 2 M7 N8
22. x2 + y2 = 81 Ges xy = 40 mgxKiY †Rv‡UÑ
i. x > 0 n‡j y > 0
ii. x > 0 n‡j y < 0 x+y x−y 5
+ =
x−y x+y 2
Ges x2 + y2 = 90
iii. x < 0 n‡j y > 0
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) 30. x2 − y2 Gi gvb KZ? (mnR)
K i I ii L i I iii  ii I iii N i, ii I iii K 27 L 112  72 N 90
23. y2 − y − 6 = 0 n‡jÑ x+y
31.
x−y
Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
i. y − 3 = 0 ii. y − 2 = 0
K1 L −1 2 N −2
iii. y = − 2

32. x2 + y2 = 61, xy = − 30 n‡j, (x − y)2 = KZ? ii. 3x = 1 n‡j, x = 1
K 160 L 120 1
iii. 9x = 3 n‡j, x =
 121 N0 2
33. x2 = 7x + 6y, y2 = 7y + 6x n‡j, x + y = KZ? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K0 1 M−1 N2
34. 7x2 − 5x + 6 = ax2 + cx + b Gi mnM¸‡jv mgxK…Z Ki‡j
x2 − y2 = 8, xy = − 3 GKwU mgxKiY †RvU|
cvB− 36. x Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
i. b = 6 K1 L2 3 N9
ii. c = − 5 37. y Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
iii. a = 7 1 L2 M3 N9
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 38. x2 + y2 Gi gvb KZ?
K i I ii L ii I iii Mi I iii  i, ii I iii K4 L8 M9  10
1 1
35. i. 4x = 2 n‡j, x = − 2

œ 1  x2 + y2 = 61 Ges xy = − 30 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY †RvU|
cÖk- x+y=−1 x+y=−1
K. (x + Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|
y)2 2 x − y = 11 } ............. (vii) }
x − y = − 11
............(viii)
L. mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb Ki| 4 (v) mgvavb K‡i cvB, x = 6 Ges y = − 5
M. weKí c×wZ‡Z mgxKiY †RvUwU mgvavb Ki| 4 (vi) mgvavb K‡i cvB, x = − 5, y = 6
(vii) mgvavb K‡i cvB, x = 5, y = − 6
 1 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb  (viii) mgvavb K‡i cvB, x = − 6, y = 5
K. †Ìqv Av‡Q, wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (6, − 5), (− 5, 6), (5, − 6), (− 6, 5)
x2 + y2 = 61 .....................(i) M. x2 + y2 = 61 ......................(i)
xy = − 30 ..........................(ii)
Ges xy = − 30 .................(ii)
− 30
mgxKiY (ii) †K 2 Øviv ¸Y K‡i (i) Gi mv‡_ †hvM Kwi| (ii) mgxKiY n‡Z cvB, x = ...............(iii)
y
x2 + y2 + 2xy = 61 − 60 (iii) mgxKiY G cÖvß x Gi gvb (i) G ewm‡q cvB,
 (x + y)2 = 1
− 302 + y2 = 61
wb‡Y©q gvb 1  y 
L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, 900
ev, y2 + y2 = 61
ev, (x + y)2 = 1
ev, y4 + 900 = 61y2
ev, x + y =  1
ev, y4 − 61y2 + 900 = 0
 x + y =  1 ................(iii)
ev, (y2)2 − 25y2 − 36y2 + 900 = 0
Avevi mgxKiY (ii) †K 2 Øviv ¸Y K‡i (i) †_‡K we‡qvM Kwi
ev, y2 (y2 − 25) − 36(y2 − 25) = 0
x2 + y2 − 2xy = 61 + 60
ev, (y2 − 25)(y2 − 36) = 0
ev, (x − y)2 = 121
nq, y2 − 25 = 0 A_ev, y2 − 36 = 0
ev, x − y =  121 =  11 y=5 y=6
 x − y =  11 ..............(iv) GLb, y Gi gvb (iii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q,
mgxKiY (iii) I (iv) bs †_‡K cvB, y = 5 n‡j, x = − 6
x+y=1 x+y=1
x − y = 11 } ............. (v)
x − y = − 11 } y = − 5 n‡j, x = 6
y = 6 n‡j, x = − 5
............... (vi)
y = − 6 n‡j, x = 5
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (5, − 6), (− 5, 6), (− 6, 5), (6, − 5)

œ 2  (i) x2 − xy = 14, y2 + xy = 60
cÖk-  x2 + y2 = 5
x + y x − y 10 2 L. mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB,
(ii) + = , x − y2 = 3
x − y x+ y 3 x2 − y2 = 3 ...........................................(iii)
K. (ii) bs n‡Z x2 + y2 Gi gvb KZ? 2 Ges ÔKÕ †_‡K x2 + y2 = 5 .........................(iv)
L. (ii) bs n‡Z (x, y) wbY©q Ki| 4 mgxKiY (iii) I (iv) †hvM K‡i cvB,
M. (i) Gi mgvavb wbY©q Ki| 4 x2 − y2 + x2 + y2 = 3 + 5
 2 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb  ev, 2x2 = 8
ev, x2 = 4
x + y x − y 10
K. + = x=2
x − y x+ y 3
Avevi, mgxKiY (iv) n‡Z (iii) we‡qvM K‡i cvB,
(x + y) + (x − y)2 10
2
ev, = x2 + y2 − x2 + y2 = 5 − 3
x2 − y2 3
ev, 2y2 = 2
2x2 + 2y2 10
ev, x2 − y2 = 3 ev, y2 = 1
 y = 1
2(x2 + y2) 10 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 1), (2, −1), (−2, 1), (−2, −1)
ev, 2 2 = 3
x −y
M. †Ìqv Av‡Q,
x2 + y2 5
ev, x2 − y2 = 3 x2 − xy = 14 .........................(i)
x2 + y2 5
Ges y2 + xy = 60 ..................(ii)
ev, 3 = 3 [ x2 − y2 = 3] mgxKiY (ii) †K (i) Øviv fvM K‡i cvB,
2
y + xy 60 (ii) 2x2 + 3xy + y2 = 20, 5x2 + 4y2 = 41
=
x2 − xy 14 K. (i) n‡Z x †K y Gi gva¨‡g †`LvI| 2
y2 + xy 30 L. (i) n‡Z (x, y) wbY©q Ki| 4
ev, x2 − xy = 7
M. (ii) Gi mgvavb Ki| 4
ev, 30x2 − 30xy = 7y2 + 7xy  3 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb 
ev, 30x2 − 7y2 − 37xy = 0
4
ev, 30x2 − 37xy − 7y2 = 0 K. GLv‡b, x + y = 1
ev, 30x2 − 42xy + 5xy − 7y2 = 0 ev, xy + 4 = y ..............(i)
ev, 6x(5x − 7y) + y(5x − 7y) = 0 4
ev, (5x − 7y) (6x + y) = 0 Avevi, y + x = 25
nq, 5x − 7y = 0 A_ev, 6x + y = 0 ev, xy + 4 = 25x .....................(ii)
y (i) I (ii) n‡Z cvB,
ev, 5x = 7y ev, x = − 6 ...........(iv) y = 25x
7y y
ev, x = 5 ...........(iii) ev, x = 25
7y  x †K y Gi gva¨‡g †`Lv‡bv n‡jv|
mgxKiY (i) G x = 5 ewm‡q cvB, L. ÔKÕ n‡Z cvB, y = 25x .................(iii)
7y 2 7y DÏxcK Abyhvqx,
( ) ( )
5
2
−
5
2
y = 14
x+ =1
4
49y 7y y
ev, 25 − 5 = 14 4
ev, x + 25x = 1
ev, 7 25 − 5  = 14
7y2 y2
ev, 25x2 + 4 = 25x
7y2 y2 ev, 25x2 − 20x − 5x + 4 = 0
ev, 25 − 5 = 2
7y2 − 5y2
ev, 5x(5x − 4) − 1(5x − 4) = 0
ev, 25 = 2 ev, (5x − 4) (5x − 1) = 0
ev, 2y2 = 50 nq, 5x − 4 = 0 A_ev, 5x − 1 = 0
ev, y2 = 25 4
ev, x = 5 x=
1
 y = 5 5
y Gi gvb (iii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB, 4 4
hLb, x = 5 ZLb, y = 25  5 = 20
7
y = 5 n‡j x =  5 =7 1 1
5 hLb, x = 5 ZLb y = 25  5 = 5
7
y = −5 n‡j x = (−5) = −7 4 1
y
5
Avevi, x = − 6 , (i) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
( )( )
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = 5  20 ; 5  5
M. †Ìqv Av‡Q,
2x2 + 3xy + y2 = 20 ..................(i)
−y2 − −y y = 14
6 6 5x2 + 4y2 = 41 ..........................(ii)
y2 y2 (i)  (ii) K‡i cvB,
ev, 36 + 6 = 14 2x2 + 3xy + y2 20
=
y2 + 6y2 5x2 + 4y2 41
ev, 36 = 14 ev, 100 x + 80y2 = 82x2 + 123xy + 41y2
2
ev, 7y2 = 14  36 ev, 100x2 − 82x2 − 123xy + 80y2 − 41y2 = 0

14  36 ev, 18x2 − 123xy + 39y2 = 0
ev, y2 = 7 ev, 6x2 − 41xy + 13y2 = 0
ev, y2 = 36  2 ev, 6x2 − 2xy − 39xy + 13y2 = 0
ev, y =  6 2 ev, 2x(3x − y) − 13y(3x − y) = 0
 y = 6 2 A_ev − 6 2 ev, (3x − y) (2x − 13y) = 0
y Gi gvb (iv) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB, nq, 3x − y = 0 A_ev, 2x − 13y = 0
−1 ev, y = 3x .......... (iii) ev, 2x = 13y
y = 6 2 n‡j, x = 6 2 =− 2 ev, 13y = 2x
6
−1 2x
ev, y = 13 .......(iv)
y = − 6 2 n‡j, x = −6 2 = 2
6
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (7, 5), (−7, −5), ( 2 , – 6 2 ), (− 2 , 6 2 ) (ii) G y = 3x ewm‡q cvB,
5x2 + 4(3x)2 = 41
ev, 5x2 + 4.9x2 = 41
œ 3  (i) x + y4 4
cÖk- = 1, y +
x
= 25
ev, 5x2 + 36x2 = 41
ev, 41x2 = 41
ev, x2 = 21
169
ev, x2 = 1
 x = 1 ev, x = 
169
(iii) G x = 1 ewm‡q cvB, 21
x = 1 n‡j, y = 3  1 = 3 13
x=
x = −1 n‡j, y = 3(−1) = −3 21
13
2x (iv) G x =  ewm‡q cvB,
(ii) G y = ewm‡q cvB, 21
13
n‡j, y = 13    =
13 2 13 2
2x 2 x=
5x2 + 4 ( )
13
= 41 21  21 21
2 – 13 2
16x2 x = − 13 n‡j, y = 13  =−
ev, 5x2 + 169 = 41 21 21 21
13 2  13 −2 
ev, 845x2 + 16x2 = 41  169 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (1, 3), (−1, −3),   , −  |
ev, 861x2 = 41  169  21 21  21 21
41  169
ev, x2 = 861

œ 4
cÖk- œ 5  x2 − xy = 14 Ges y2 + xy = 60 `yB PjKwewkó mgxKiY
Ges (x + 2) (2y − 5) = 15 `yB cÖk-
(x − 2) (y − 1) = 3
PjKwewkó mgxKiY †RvU| †RvU|
K. 1g mgxKiY †_‡K x Gi gvb‡K y Gi gva¨‡g cÖKvk Ki| 2 K. 1g mgxKiY †_‡K y Gi gvb‡K x Gi gva¨‡g cÖKvk Ki| 2
L. cÖvß x †K 2q mgxKi‡Y cÖwZ¯’vcb K‡i †`LvI †h, L. cÖvß y †K Aci mgxKi‡Y cÖwZ¯’vcb K‡i x Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| 4
8y2 − 37y + 20 = 0 4 M. mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb (x, y) wbY©q Ki| 4
M. mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb wbY©q Ki | 4 DËi : K. y = x − 14 ;
3 x
DËi : K. x = y − 1 + 2 ; L. x =  7 A_ev  2 ;
L. (x, y) = (3, 4), (− 6, 85) M. (x, y) = (7, 5), (−7, −5), ( 2, − 6 2), (− 2, 6 2)
A b yk xj b x 5 .5
 wØNvZ mnmgxKi‡Yi eënvi
A‡bK mgq mgm¨vq `yBwU AÁvZ ivwki gvb wbY©q Ki‡Z nq, †m‡¶‡Î AÁvZ ivwk `yBwUi gvb x Ges y ev Ab¨ †h‡Kv‡bv `yBwU
¯^Zš¿ cÖZxK ai‡Z nq| Zvici mgm¨vi kZ© ev kZ©¸‡jv †_‡K ci¯úi Awbf©i, m½wZc~Y© mgxKiY MVb K‡i mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui
mgvavb Ki‡jB x Ges y AÁvZ ivwk¸‡jvi gvb wbY©q Kiv hvq|
 e‡M©i GK evûi ˆ`N©¨ x GKK n‡j eM©‡ÿ‡Îi
1. †ÿÎdj = x2 eM© GKK
2. cwimxgv = 4x GKK
3. K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = 2x GKK
 AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ x GKK Ges cÖ¯’ y GKK n‡j AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi
1. †ÿÎdj = xy eM© GKK
2. cwimxgv = 2(x + y) GKK
3. K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = x2 + y2 GKK
 GKwU msL¨vi GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ x Ges `kK ¯’vbxq A¼ y n‡jÑ
1. msL¨vwU = x + 10y
2. A¼Øq ¯’vb cwieZ©b Ki‡j msL¨vwU = (y + 10x)
†R‡b ivL :
1. †Kv‡bv ev¯Íe msL¨vi eM© me©`vB abvZ¥K n‡e|
2. †Kv‡bv msL¨vi eM©g~j me©`vB abvZ¥K n‡e|
3. †h‡Kv‡bv †ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨, cÖ¯’ I †ÿÎdj me©`vB abvZ¥K| G‡ì FYvZ¥K gvb KL‡bvB MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq|
4. eM© I Avq‡Zi †ÿ‡Î KY©Ø‡qi ˆ`N©¨ mgvb n‡e|
5. K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ I cwimxgv me©`vB abvZ¥K n‡e|

cÖkœ \ 1 \ `yBwU eM©‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎd‡ji mgwó 481 eM©wgUvi| H `yBwU = 250 + 2  117
eM©‡ÿ‡Îi `yB evû Øviv MwVZ AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 240 eM©wgUvi = 250 + 234
= 484
n‡j, eM©‡ÿÎ `yBwUi cÖ‡Z¨K evûi cwigvY KZ?
 x + y =  22 †h‡Zû `ywU abvZ¥K msL¨vi mgwó FYvZ¥K n‡Z
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, GKwU eM©‡ÿ‡Îi evûi ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi, Ges
cv‡i bv| myZivs x + y = − 2 MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq|
Aci eM©‡ÿÎwUi evûi ˆ`N©¨ y wgUvi|
 x + y = 22 ............................ (iii)
cÖkœg‡Z, x2 + y2 = 481 ......................(i) Avevi, (x − y)2 = x2 + y2 − 2xy
Ges xy = 240 ........................(ii) = 250 − 2  117
Avgiv Rvwb, (x + y)2 = x2 + y2 + 2xy = 250 − 234
= 481 + 2  240 = 16
= 481 + 480  x − y = 4 ..........................(iv)
= 961 mgxKiY (iii) I (iv) †hvM K‡i,
 x + y = 31 x + y = 22
†h‡nZz ˆ`N©¨ FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i bv x − y = 4
myZivs x + y = − 3 MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| 2x = 22 4
 x + y = 31 ...............................(iii) 22 4
ev, x = 2
Avevi, (x − y)2 = x2 + y2 − 2xy
= 481 − 2  240 ev, x = 11 2
= 481 − 480  x = 13A_ev 9
=1 x Gi gvb (iii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
 x − y = 1 ......................(iv) x = 13 n‡j, 13 + y = 22
mgxKiY (iii) I (iv) bs †hvM K‡i cvB, y=9
x + y = 31 x=9 n‡j, 9 + y = 22
x − y = 1
 y = 13
2x = 31  1 [†hvM K‡i]
wb‡Y©q msL¨v `yBwU h_vµ‡g 13 Ges 9| (Ans.)
ev, x = 3121 cÖkœ \ 3 \ GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ 10 wgUvi| Bnvi
31 + 1 evûØ‡qi †hvMdj I we‡qvMd‡ji mgvb ˆ`N©¨wewkó evûØq Øviv
+ wPwýZ wb‡q, x = 2 = 16
Aw¼Z AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 28 eM©wgUvi n‡j, cÖ_g AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi
31 − 1 ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ wbY©q Ki|
− wPý wb‡q, x = 2 = 15
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, cÖ_g AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ h_vµ‡g x I
 x = 16 A_ev 15
x Gi gvb (iii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB, y wgUvi Ges GKwU K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = x2 + y2 wgUvi|
x = 16 n‡j, cÖkœg‡Z, x2 + y2 = 10
16 + y = 31;  x2 + y2 = 100 ...............................(i)
ev, y = 31 − 16 Aci AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ h_vµ‡g (x + y) I (x − y) wgUvi|
 y = 15 cÖkœg‡Z, (x + y) (x − y) = 28
Avevi, x = 15 n‡j, ev, x2 − y2 = 28 .............................(ii)
15 + y = 31 mgxKiY (i) I (ii) †hvM K‡i cvB,
ev, y = 31 − 15  y = 16 x2 + y2 = 100
 eM©‡ÿÎ `ywUi evûi cwigvY 16 wgUvi Ges 15 wgUvi| (Ans.) x2 − y2 = 28
cÖkœ \ 2 \ `yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨vi e‡M©i mgwó 250| msL¨v `yBwUi 2x2 = 128
¸Ydj 117, msL¨v `yBwU wbY©q Ki| ev, x2 = 64
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, msL¨v `yBwU x I y x=8
cÖkœg‡Z, x + y = 250 .........................(i)
2 2 x=8
x Gi gvb (i) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
Ges xy = 117 ........................(ii)
82 + y2 = 100
Avgiv Rvwb, (x + y)2 = x2 + y2 + 2xy
ev, y = 100 − 64
2
y = 4 n‡j, x = 22 − 4  4 = 22 − 16 = 6
ev, y2 = 36 3 3
y = n‡j, x = 22 − 4  = 22 − 6 = 16
2 2
ev, y =  36 =  6
 AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ h_vµ‡g 6 wg. I 4 wg.
y=6 [cÖ¯’ FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i bv] 1
cÖ_g AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ 8 wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’ 6 wgUvi| (Ans.) A_ev, 16 wg. I 12 wg.| (Ans.)
cÖkœ \ 6 \ GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cÖ‡¯’i wØ¸Y ˆ`N©¨ A‡cÿv 23 wgUvi
cÖkœ \ 4 \ `yBwU msL¨vi e‡M©i mgwó 181 Ges msL¨v `yBwUi ¸Ydj †ewk| AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 600 eM©wgUvi n‡j,Zvi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’
90, msL¨v `yBwUi e‡M©i AšÍi wbY©q Ki| wbY©q Ki|
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, msL¨v `ywU x I y| mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ h_vµ‡g x I y wgUvi|
cÖkœg‡Z, x2 + y2 = 181 ..........................(i)  AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi †ÿÎdj = xy eM© wg.
Ges xy = 90 ............................(ii) cÖkœvbymv‡i, xy = 600 .....................................(i)
msL¨v `yBwUi e‡M©i AšÍi x2 − y2 A_ev y2 − x2 Ges 2y = x + 23
2
Avgiv Rvwb, (x2 − y2)2 = (x2 + y2) − 4x2y2 ev, x = 2y − 23 ............................(ii)
= (181)2 − 4(90)2 GLb x Gi gvb (i) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
= 32761 − 32400 xy = 600
= 361 ev, (2y − 23)y = 600
 x2 − y2 = 361 ev, 2y2 − 23y − 600 = 0
= 19 ev, 2y2 − 48y + 25y − 600 = 0
Avevi, (y2 − x2)2 = (y2 + x2)2 − 4x2 y2 ev, 2y(y − 24) + 25 )(y − 24) = 0
= (x2 + y2)2 − 4(xy)2 ev, (y − 24) (2y + 25) = 0
= (181)2 − 4(90)2 = 32761 − 32400 nq, y − 24 = 0 A_ev, 2y + 25 = 0
 y − x = 361 = 19
2 2
 y = 24 ev, 2y = −25
†h‡nZz msL¨v `yBwUi e‡M©i AšÍi A_©vr ïaygvÎ gvb PvIqv n‡q‡Q| 25
msL¨v `yBwUi e‡M©i AšÍi 19| (Ans.) y=− 2
25
cÖkœ \ 5 \ GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 24 eM©wgUvi| Aci GKwU wKš‘ y = − 2 MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| KviY cÖ¯’ FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i bv|
AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ cÖ_g AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ A‡cÿv  y = 24
h_vµ‡g 4 wgUvi Ges 1 wgUvi †ewk Ges †ÿÎdj 50 eM©wgUvi| y Gi gvb (ii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
x = 2y − 23 = 2  24 − 23 = 48 − 23  x = 25
cÖ_g AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ wbY©q Ki|
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ h_vµ‡g x wgUvi I  AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ 25 wg. Ges cÖ¯’ 24 wg.| (Ans.)
y wgUvi| cÖkœ \ 7 \ GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cwimxgv KY©Ø‡qi ˆ`‡N©ï mgwó
 †ÿÎdj = xy eM©wgUvi A‡cÿv 8 wgUvi †ewk| †ÿÎwUi †ÿÎdj 48 eM©wgUvi n‡j, Zvi ˆ`N©¨
cÖkœg‡Z, xy = 24 ...............................(i) I cÖ¯’ wbY©q Ki|
Aci AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ h_vµ‡g (x + 4) wgUvi I (y + 1) wgUvi mgvavb: g‡b Kwi, AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ x wg. Ges cÖ¯’ y wg.
Zvn‡j Aci AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi †ÿÎdj Zvn‡j, AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi cwimxgv = 2(x + y) wg.
= (x + 4) (y + 1) eM©wgUvi Ges †ÿÎdj = xy eM© wg.
= (xy + x + 4y + 4) eM©wgUvi GKwU K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = x2 + y2 wg.
cÖkœg‡Z, xy + x + 4y + 4 = 50  `yBwU K‡Y©i ˆ`‡N©ï mgwó = 2 x2 + y2 wg.
ev, 24 + x + 4y = 50 − 4 [ xy = 24] cÖkœg‡Z, 2 x2 + y2 + 8 = 2(x + y)
ev, x + 4y = 46 − 24 ev, x2 + y2 + 4 = x + y
ev, x = 22 − 4y ev, x2 + y2 = x + y − 4 ....................(i)
GLb x Gi gvb (i) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB, Ges xy = 48 ......................................(ii)
(22 − 4y).y = 24 mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB,
ev, 22y − 4y2 − 24 = 0
x2 + y2 = x + y − 4
ev, −4y2 + 22y − 24 = 0
ev, ( x2 + y2)2 = (x + y − 4)2 [eM© K‡i]
ev, 2y2 − 11y + 12 = 0
ev, x2 + y2 = (x + y)2 − 2.(x + y).4 + 42
ev, 2y2 − 8y − 3y + 12 = 0
ev, x2 + y2 = x2 + 2xy + y2 − 8(x + y) + 16
ev, 2y(y − 4) − 3(y − 4) = 0 ev, 8(x + y) = x2 + 2.48 + y2 + 16 − x2 − y2 [ xy = 48]
ev, (y − 4) (2y − 3) = 0 ev, 8(x + y) = 96 + 16
3 1
 y = 4 A_ev ev, 1 112
ev, x + y = 8
2 2
y Gi gvb (ii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB, ev, x + y = 14
 y = 14 − x .............................(iii) Ges cÖ¯’ y wgUvi
GLb y Gi gvb (ii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q,  evMv‡bi cwimxgv = 2(x + y) wgUvi
xy = 48 K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = x2 + y2 wg.
ev, x(14 − x) = 48 Ges †ÿÎdj = xy eM© wg.
ev, 14x − x2 − 48 = 0 cÖkœg‡Z, 2(x + y) = 56
ev, −x2 + 14x − 48 = 0 ev, x + y = 28 .................(i)
ev, x2 − 14x + 48 = 0 [Dfqcÿ‡K (−1) Øviv ¸Y K‡i]
Ges x2 + y2 = 20
ev, x2 − 8x − 6x + 48 = 0
ev, x2 + y2 = 400 ........(ii) [Dfqcÿ‡K eM© K‡i]
ev, x(x − 8) − 6(x − 8) = 0
mgxKiY (i) n‡Z cvB,
ev, (x − 8) (x − 6) = 0
x + y = 28
 x = 8 A_ev 6 ev, (x + y)2 = (28)2
x Gi gvb (iii) bs G ewm‡q,
ev, x2 + y2 + 2xy = 784
x = 8 n‡j, y = 14 − 8 = 6
ev, 400 + 2xy = 784 [(ii) †_‡K]
x = 6 n‡j, y = 14 − 6 = 8
ev, 2xy = 784 − 400
x = 6 Ges y = 8 MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| KviY AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ cÖ¯’
784 − 400
A‡cÿv e„nËi| ev, xy = 2
= 192
 x = 8 Ges y = 6  xy = 192
AZGe, ˆ`N©¨ 8 wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’ 6 wgUvi| (Ans.)  evMv‡bi †ÿÎdj = 192 eM© wg.
cÖkœ \ 8 \ `yB A¼wewkó GKwU msL¨v‡K Gi A¼Ø‡qi ¸Ydj Øviv  eM©‡ÿ‡Îi GK evûi ˆ`N©¨ = 192 wg.
fvM Ki‡j fvMdj 2 nq| msL¨vwUi mv‡_ 27 †hvM Ki‡j A¼Øq = 64  3 wg.
¯’vb wewbgq K‡i| msL¨vwU wbY©q Ki| = 8 3 wg. (Ans.)
mgvavb: g‡b Kwi, `kK ¯’vbxq A¼ x Ges GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ y cÖkœ \ 10 \ GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 300 eM©wgUvi Ges Gi
 msL¨vwU = 10x + y Aa©cwimxgv GKwU KY© A‡cÿv 10 wgUvi †ewk| †ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’
10x + y
cÖkœvbymv‡i, xy = 2 wbY©q Ki|
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’ y wgUvi|
ev, 10x + y = 2xy ...............................(i)
 †ÿÎdj = xy eM©wgUvi
Avevi, 10x + y + 27 = 10y + x
2(x + y)
ev, 10x + y + 27 − 10y − x = 0 Aa©cwimxgv = 2
wgUvi
ev, 9x − 9y + 27 = 0 = x + y wgUvi
ev, 9(x − y + 3) = 0
Ges K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = x2 + y2 wgUvi
ev, x − y + 3 = 0
kZ©g‡Z, xy = 300 .........................................(i)
ev, x − y = −3
ev, x = y − 3 ....................................(ii) Ges x + y − 10 = x2 + y2 .............. (ii)
x Gi gvb (i) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB (ii) bs mgxKiY †_‡K,
10x + y = 2xy x + y − 10 = x2 + y2
ev, 10(y − 3) + y = 2y(y − 3) ev, (x + y − 10)2 = ( x2 + y2)2
ev, 10y − 30 + y = 2y2 − 6y ev, (x + y)2 − 2(x + y).10 + (10)2 = x2 + y2
ev, 10y + y − 2y2 + 6y − 30 = 0 ev, x2 + 2xy + y2 − 20x − 20y + 100 − x2 − y2 = 0
ev, −2y2 + 17y − 30 = 0 ev, 2xy − 20x − 20y + 100 = 0
ev, 2y2 − 17y + 30 = 0 [(−1) Øviv ¸Y K‡i] ev, 2.300 − 20x − 20y + 100 = 0 [(i) n‡Z]
ev, 2y2 − 12y − 5y + 30 = 0 ev, 600 − 20x − 20y + 100 = 0
ev, 2y(y − 6) − 5(y − 6) = 0 ev, −20x − 20y = −700
ev, (y − 6) (2y − 5) = 0 ev, 20(x + y) = 700 [(−1) Øviv ¸Y K‡i]
nq, y − 6 = 0 A_ev, 2y − 5 = 0 ev, x + y = 35 ............................(iii)
y=6 ev, 2y = 5
5
Avevi, x − y = (x + y)2 − 4xy
y= = (35)2 − 4  300
2
†Kv‡bv c~Y©msL¨vi A¼ fMœvsk n‡Z cv‡i bv| = 1225 − 1200
y=6 = 25
y Gi gvb (ii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,  x − y = 5 .............................(iv)
x=y−3=6−3=3x=3 mgxKiY (iii) I (iv) †hvM K‡i cvB,
 msL¨vwU = 10  3 + 6 = 30 + 6 = 36 (Ans.) 2x = 40
cÖkœ \ 9 \ GKwU AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi cwimxgv 56 wgUvi Ges KY© 20 40
ev, x = 2
wgUvi| H evMv‡bi mgvb †ÿÎdjwewkó eM©‡ÿ‡Îi GK evûi ˆ`N©¨ KZ?  x = 20
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, AvqZvKvi evMvbwUi ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi x Gi gvb (iv) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
20 − y = 5  AvqZvKvi †ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ 20 wg. Ges cÖ¯’ 15 wg.| (Ans.)
ev, y = 20 − 5
ev, y = 15

1. `yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨vi e‡M©i mgwó 90 Ges ¸Ydj 27 n‡j  10 L 13 M 17 N 25
msL¨v `yBwU wK wK? 6. msL¨v `yBwUi mgwói eM© KZ?
 9, 3 L 9, 6 M 6, 3 N 12, 6 K 9  16 M 25 N 36
2. `yBwU msL¨vi e‡M©i AšÍi 11Ges ¸Ydj 30| msL¨v `ywU wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
KZ? `yBwU eM©‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎd‡ji mgwó 25 eM©wgUvi Ges G‡ì `yB evû
K 3 Ges 5 L 4 Ges 5  5 Ges 6 N 6 Ges 4
Øviv MwVZ AvqZ‡ÿ‡Î †ÿÎdj 12 eM©wgUvi
3. 3x − 4y = 0, 2x − 3y = − 1 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb †KvbwU?
 (4, 3) L (3, 4) M (2, 3) N (3, 2) 7. ¶z`ªZi eM©wUi evûi ˆ`N©¨ KZ?
4. x = y Gi x = 2y n‡j (x, y) = KZ?
y z K 6 wgUvi L 5 wgUvi M 4 wgUvi  3 wgUvi
K (2, 4)  (4, 2) M (2, 6) N (6, − 2) 8. eM©‡ÿÎ `yBwUi †ÿÎd‡ji AbycvZ KZ?
wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 5 I 6 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K 25 : 16  16 : 9 M 9:4 N 4:3
`yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨vi e‡M©i AšÍi 8 Ges ¸Ydj 3
5. msL¨v `yBwUi e‡M©i mgwó KZ?

17. GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ 5 wg., AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ I
55 : wØNvZ mnmgxKi‡Yi eënvi cÖ¯’ x I y wg. n‡j x2 + y2 Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi K5  25 M 50 N 100
18. GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ 4 wg. I cÖ¯’ 3 wg. n‡j Gi GKwU
9. GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 600 eM©wgUvi n‡j, GRb¨ wb‡Pi K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
†Kvb mgxKiYwU mZ¨? (ga¨g) K 16 L9 M7 5
K x + y = 600 L x – y = 600 19. eM©‡ÿ‡Îi GK evûi ˆ`N©¨ 6 wg. n‡j †ÿÎdj wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
 xy = 600 N x2y2 = 600 (mnR)
10. GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ cÖ‡¯’i wØ¸Y A‡cÿv 10 wgUvi †ewk| K 36wg. L 72 wg. M 124 wg.  144 wg.
AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 600 eM©wgUvi n‡j, ˆ`N©¨ KZ? (KwVb) 20. GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ `kK ¯’vbxq A¼ y Gi wZb ¸Y n‡j
K 20 wg.  30 wg. M 40 wg. N 50 wg. msL¨vwU KZ? (ga¨g)
11. GKwU AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi cwimxgv 56 wgUvi Ges GKwU KY© K 6y L 12y  13y N 31y
20 wgUvi| H evMvbwUi †ÿÎdj KZ? (KwVb) 21. `yBwU msL¨vi e‡M©i mgwó 113 Ges msL¨v `ywUi ¸Ydj 56
K 190 eM©wgUvi L 191 eM©wgUvi n‡j msL¨v `ywUi mgwói eM© KZ? (ga¨g)
 192 eM©wgUvi N 193 eM©wgUvi K 169 L 220  225 N 325
12. `yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨vi e‡M©i AšÍi 11 Ges ¸Ydj 30| msL¨v 22. GKwU AvqZKvi evMv‡bi cwimxgv 70 wgUvi Ges GKwU KY©
`yBwU KZ? (ga¨g) 25 wg. n‡j ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ KZ wgUvi? (KwVb)
K 3 I –5 L5I4 M6I4 6I5 K 20 wg. I 10 wg.  20 wg. I 15 wg.
13. GKwU AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi cwimxgv 70 wgUvi I GKwU KY© 25 M 15 wg. I 12 wg. N 12 wg. I 10 wg.
wgUvi n‡j, ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ KZ wgUvi? (KwVb) 23. `ywU abvZ¥K msL¨vi e‡M©i AšÍi 13 Ges ¸Ydj 42 msL¨v `ywU
K 25 wg. I 15 wg.  20 wg. I 15 wg. KZ? (ga¨g)
M 20 wg. I 12 wg. N 15 wg. I 10 wg.  7, 6 L 6, 5 M 6, 4 N 6, 3
14. `yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨vi e‡M©i mgwó 41, msL¨v `yBwUi ¸Ydj 24. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’ ˆ`‡N©ï GK-Z…Zxqvsk| hw`
20; msL¨v `yBwU KZ? (KwVb) AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi †ÿÎdj 145 eM©wgUvi nq Z‡e wb‡Pi †KvbwU mZ¨?
(KwVb)
K3I 4 4I 5 M5I6 N7I 8
K x2 = 145  x2 = 435
15. `ywU abvZ¥K msL¨vi e‡M©i mgwó 337| msL¨v `ywUi e‡M©i M x(x + 3) = 535 N x2 + 3x = 435
AšÍi 175| msL¨vwU KZ? (KwVb) x
e¨vL¨v : cÖkœvbymv‡i, †ÿÎdj = x3
 9 I 16 L 12, 15 M 13, 14 N 15, 16
x2
16. †KvbwU K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ cwigv‡ci m~Î? (mnR) 
3
= 145 eM©wgUvi
K x2 + y2 L x2 − y2  x2 + y2 N x2 − y2  x = 435 eM©wgUvi
25. `yB A¼wewkó GKwU msL¨vi A¼Ø‡qi mgwó 12 A¼Øq ii. GKwU mgxKiY x2 + y2 = 221
¯’vb wewbgq Ki‡j cÖvß msL¨vwU g~j msL¨vi `kK ¯’vbxq iii. GKwU mgxKiY x = 10, y = 21
A‡¼i wZb¸Y nq| msL¨vwU KZ? (ga¨g) wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb)
K 98 L 100  102 N 120 K i I iii L i I iii M ii I iii  i, ii I iii
e¨vL¨v : cÖkœvbymv‡i, msL¨vwU = 10x + 12 − x
= 9x + 12
34. e‡M©i cwimxgv 24 GK n‡jÑ
A¼Øq ¯’vb wewbgq Ki‡j = 10 (12 − x) + x = 3x i. evûi GK evûi ˆ`N©¨ 6 GKK
ev, 120 − 10x + x = 3x ii. †ÿÎdj 30 GKK
ev, − 12x = − 120
iii. K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ 2.6 GKK
 x = 10
 msL¨vwU = 9  10 + 12 = 102 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb)
26. GKwU eM©vKvi evMv‡bi ˆ`N©¨ GKwU AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi K‡Y©i K i I iii  i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
mgvb| AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ h_vµ‡g x I y n‡j, 24
e¨vL¨v : (i) GK evûi ˆ`N©¨ x = 4 = 6 GKK
eM©vKvi evMv‡bi †ÿÎdj KZ? (mnR) (ii) †ÿÎdj (6)2 = 36 GKK
K x + y eM© GKK L (x + y)2 eM© GKK (iii) K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = 2.x = 2.6 GKK
 x2 + y2 eM© GKK N ( x2 + y2) eM© GKK 35. †Kv‡bv msL¨vi GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ 4 Ges `kK ¯’vbxq A¼
1
27. GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ `kK ¯’vbxq A¼ x Gi 4 ¸Y| msL¨vwU KZ? GKK ¯’vbxq A‡¼i 4 ¸Y n‡jÑ
i. msL¨vwU n‡e 164
(ga¨g)
10x 2 40x 41x ii. A¼Øq ¯’vb wewbgq Ki‡j msL¨vwU n‡e 65
K 10x L M  iii. A¼Ø‡qi †hvMdj GKK ¯’vbxq A‡¼i cuvP¸Y
4 4 4
x 41x
e¨vL¨v : cÖkœvbymv‡i, msL¨vwU = 10x + 5 = 4 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb)
K i I iii  i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
28. GKwU evMv‡bi †ÿÎdj 324 eM©wgUvi n‡j cwimxgv KZ wgUvi?
(ga¨g) e¨vL¨v : GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ 4
K 18 L 54  72 N 90
`kK ¯’vbxq A¼ 4  4 = 16
e¨vL¨v : cÖwZ evûi ˆ`N©¨ 324 = 18  msL¨vwU = 10  16 + 4 = 164
 cwimxgv = 4  18 = 72 wgUvi A¼Ø‡qi ¯’vb wewbgq Ki‡j msL¨vwU 10  4 + 16 = 56
A¼Ø‡qi †hvMdj 4 + 16 = 20 hv GKK ¯’vbxq A‡¼i 5 ¸Y
29. GKwU e‡M©i evûi ˆ`N©¨ x Ges K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ y n‡j (y − x) = KZ?
(ga¨g) 36. `yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨vi ¸Ydj 117| GRb¨Ñ
 ( 2 − 1)x L (1 − 2)x i. x  y = 117
M ( 1 − 2)x N (2 − 1)x ii. x + y = 117
30. GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ `kK ¯’vbxq A¼ x Gi wØ¸Y n‡j msL¨vwU iii. xy = 117
KZ? (ga¨g) wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
K 10x  12x M 20x N 24x K i I ii  i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
e¨vL¨v : `kK ¯’vbxq A¼ x
GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ 2x 37. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cÖ¯’ 4 GKK Ges †ÿÎdj 24 eM© GKK n‡jÑ
 msL¨vwU = 10x + 2x = 12x i. ˆ`N©¨ 6 GKK
ii. KY© 2 3 GKK
iii. cwimxgv 20 GKK
31. eM©‡ÿ‡Îi evûi ˆ`N©¨ 6 GKK n‡jÑ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
i. K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ 6 2 GKK K i I iii  i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
ii. †ÿÎdj 12 GKK 38. GKwU msL¨v I H msL¨vi ¸YvZ¥K wecixZ msL¨vi mgwó 6|
iii. cwimxgv 24 GKK
m¤¢ve¨ mgxKiYwU MVb Ki‡j nq−
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) 1
K i I iii  i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii i. x + = 6
x
32. `yBwU abvZ¥K c~Y© msL¨vi e‡M©i mgwó 13 n‡jÑ ii. x2 + 1 = 6x
i. msL¨vØq h_vµ‡g 2 I 3 iii. x2 − 6x − 1 = 0
ii. msL¨vØ‡qi †hvMdj 5 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
iii. msL¨vØq Ag~j` msL¨v  i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) 39. x Ges y `yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨v Ges x2 − y2 = 20 Ges x + y =
K i I iii L i I iii M ii I iii  i, ii I iii
10 n‡j-
33. `yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨v x I y Gi e‡M©i mgwó 221 Ges ¸Ydj
i. x2 + y2 = 52
110 n‡jÑ
ii. x = 6, y = 4
i. GKwU mgxKiY xy = 110
iii. x = 2y M 71 N 91
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (mnR) `yBwU abvZ¥K c~Y©msL¨vi e‡M©i AšÍi 9 Ges ¸Ydj 20|
 i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii Dc‡ii Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 43 I 44 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
43. msL¨v `yBwU Kx Kx? (KwVb)
Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi K 3, 4  4, 5 M 3, 5 N 5, 6
44. msL¨v `yBwUi e‡M©i mgwó KZ? (KwVb)
`yBwU eM©‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎd‡ji mgwó 650 eM©wgUvi| H `yBwU eM©‡ÿÎ K1  41 M 25 N 61
`yB evû Øviv MwVZ AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 323 eM©wgUvi| wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 45 − 47 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
Dc‡ii Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 40 Ñ 42 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : GKwU e„‡Ëi e¨vmva© I GKwU e‡M©i evûi ˆ`N©¨ mgvb| Zv‡ì
40. eM©‡ÿÎ `yBwUi evû h_vµ‡g x I y n‡j †ÿÎd‡ji mgwó †ÿÎd‡ji cv_©K¨ ( – 1) eM© GKK|
mgxKi‡Yi gva¨‡g †`LvI| (mnR) 45. e‡M©i evûi ˆ`N©¨ KZ GKK? (KwVb)
 x2 + y2 = 650 L x2 = 650 + y2 1 L2 M N 2
M 2x + 2y = 650 N x2y2 = 650 46. e„‡Ëi †ÿÎdj KZ eM© GKK? (KwVb)
41. †QvU eM©‡ÿÎwUi evûi ˆ`N©¨ KZ wgUvi? (ga¨g) K (−1) L (2−1)  N 2
 17 L 19 47. eM©‡ÿ‡Îi K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ KZ GKK? (KwVb)
M 71 N 91 K2  2 M 2 /2 N 2
42. eo eM©‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ KZ wgUvi? (ga¨g)
K 17  19

48. `yBwU µwgK we‡Rvo ¯^vfvweK msL¨vi ¸Ydj 141 A‡cÿv I iii Ki  i I ii
eo| †QvU msL¨v wbgœc‡ÿ Kx n‡Z cv‡i? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 11 L 12 M 13 N 15
49. `ywU FYvZ¥K msL¨vi e‡M©i mgwó 130, e‡M©i AšÍi 32 n‡j wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 52 I 53 bs cÖ
‡kœi DËi `vI :
msL¨v `ywU KZ? GKwU AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi cwimxgv 56 wgUvi| ˆ`N©¨, cÖ¯’ A‡cÿv 4
K 7, 5  9, 7 M 11, 9 N 8, 9 wgUvi †ewk|
50. GKwU msL¨vi `kK ¯’vbxq Aÿ x Ges GKK ¯’vbxq y n‡j
msL¨vwU KZ? 52. AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi ˆ`N©¨ KZ wgUvi?
 10x + y L 10y + x M 10x − y N 10y − x  16 L 12
51. GKwU msL¨v I H msL¨vi ¸YvZ¥K wecixZ msL¨vi mgwó 7 M 10 N9
m¤¢ve¨ mgxKiY MVb Ki‡j n‡e- 53. AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi †ÿÎdj KZ eM©wgUvi?
1 K 182  192
i. x + = 7 ii. x2 + 1 = 7x
x M 212 N 312
iii. x2 − 7x − 1 = 0

œ 1  GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ cÖ‡¯’i wØ¸Y A‡cÿv
cÖk- 10 ev, 2x2 + 10x − 600 = 0
wgUvi
†ewk| ev, 2(x2 + 5x − 300) = 0
K. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj wbY©q Ki| 2 ev, x2 + 5x − 300 = 0
L. hw` AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 600 eM©wgUvi nq Z‡e ev, x2 + 20x − 15x − 300 = 0
cÖgvY Ki †h, x − 15 = 0 4 ev, x(x + 20) − 15(x + 20) = 0
M. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ wbY©q Ki| 4 ev, (x + 20) (x − 15) = 0
 1 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb  nq, x + 20 = 0 A_ev, x − 15 = 0
 x = – 20 [MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq]  x − 15 = 0 (cÖgvwYZ)
K. g‡b Kwi,
M. ÔLÕ n‡Z cvB,
AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cÖ¯’ x wgUvi
(x + 20) (x − 15) = 0
 ˆ`N©¨ (2x + 10) wgUvi nq, x + 20 = 0
AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj (2x + 10) x eM©wgUvi ev, x = −20 [wKš‘ x = −20 MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq KviY ˆ`N©¨ ev
= (2x2 + 10 x) eM©wgUvi cÖ¯’ FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i bv]
L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, A_ev, x − 15 = 0
AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj = (2x2 + 10 x) eM©wgUvi  x = 15
kZ©g‡Z, 2x2 + 10x = 600
 ˆ`N©¨ = (2x + 10) wgUvi K. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ‡¯’i g‡a¨ m¤úK© cÖwZôv Ki| 2
= (2  15 + 10) wgUvi L. Dc‡ii m¤ú‡K©i gva¨‡g ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ wbY©q Ki| 4
= (30 + 10) wgUvi M. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cwimxgv †ei Ki Ges Dnvi KY©Ø‡qi
= 40 wgUvi (Ans.) ˆ`‡N©ï mgwó †ei Ki| 4
œ 2  GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cwimxgv KY©Ø‡qi ˆ`‡N©ï mgwó
cÖk-  3 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb 
A‡cÿv 12 wgUvi †ewk| K. g‡b Kwi, AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’ y wgUvi
K. K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ I cwimxgvi m~ÎwU †jL| 2 cÖkœg‡Z, 2y = x + 23
L. †ÿÎwUi †ÿÎdj 108 eM©wgUvi n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h,
Ges †ÿÎdj xy = 600 eM©wgUvi
ˆ`N©¨ + cÖ¯’ = 21 wgUvi| 4
M. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ wbY©q Ki| 4 L. 2y = x + 23
ev, x = 2y − 23 .................(i)
Avevi, xy = 600
K. g‡b Kwi, AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi ev, (2y − 23)y = 600
Ges cÖ¯’ y wgUvi
ev, 2y2 −23y − 600 = 0
 AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cwimxgv = 2(x + y) wgUvi
ev, 2y2 − 48y + 25y − 600 = 0
Ges AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = x2 + y2 wgUvi ev, 2y(y − 24) + 25(y − 24) = 0
L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, cwimxgv = 2(x + y) wgUvi
ev, (y − 24) (2y + 25) = 0
Ges `ywU K‡Y©i ˆ`‡N©ï mgwó = 2 x2 + y2 wgUvi
nq, y − 24 = 0 A_ev, 2y + 25 = 0
 2 x2 + y2 + 12 = 2(x + y)
 y = 24 ev, 2y = −25
ev, x2 + y2 + 6 = x + y 25
 x2 + y2 = x + y − 6 ..................(i) y=−
2
Ges xy = 108 ........................(ii) wKš‘ cÖ¯’ FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i bv
(i) n‡Z cvB, x2 + y2 = x + y − 6 25
y−
ev, ( x + 2
= (x + y − 6)
y2)2 2
[eM© K‡i] 2
ev, x2 +y2 = (x + y)2 − 12(x + y) + 36 y Gi abvZ¥K gvb (i) G ewm‡q cvB,
ev, x2 + y2 = x2 + 2xy + y2 − 12(x + y) + 36 x = 2  24 − 23 = 48 − 23 = 25
ev, 12(x +y) = 252 [ xy = 108] AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ 25 wg Ges cÖ¯’ 24 wgUvi| (Ans.)
ev, x + y = 21 M. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cwimxgv = 2 (ˆ`N©¨ + cÖ¯’)
 ˆ`N©¨ + cÖ¯’ = 21 wg (cÖgvwYZ) = 2  (25 + 24) wgUvi
M. ÔLÕ n‡Z cvB, = 2  49 wgUvi = 98 wgUvi
x + y = 21
Avevi, AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi KY© = (ˆ`N©¨)2 + (cÖ¯’)2
ev, y = 21 − x ....................(i)
Ges xy = 108 ..........................(ii) = (25)2 + (24)2
(ii) bs G y Gi gvb ewm‡q cvB, = 625 + 576
x (21 − x) = 108 = 1201 = 3466 wgUvi
ev, 21x − x2 = 108 †h‡nZz KY© `ywU ci¯úi mgvb,
ev, x2 − 12x − 9x + 108 = 0  `ywU K‡Y©i mgwó = (3466 + 3466) wgUvi
ev, x(x − 12) − 9(x − 12) = 0 = 6932 wgUvi (Ans.)
ev, (x − 12) (x − 9) = 0
nq, x −12 = 0 A_ev, x − 9 = 0 œ 4  `yB A¼wewkó GKwU msL¨v‡K Gi A¼Ø‡qi ¸Ydj Øviv
cÖk-
 x = 12 x=9 fvM Ki‡j fvMdj nq 2| msL¨vwUi mv‡_ 27 †hvM Ki‡j A¼Øq
x Gi gvb (i) G ewm‡q cvB, ¯’vb wewbgq K‡i|
x = 12 Gi Rb¨ K. msL¨vwUi GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ x Ges `kK ¯’vbxq
y = 21 − 12 A¼ y n‡j msL¨vwU KZ Ges A¼Øq ¯’vb wewbgq
y=9
Ges x = 9 Gi Rb¨ Ki‡j msL¨vwU KZ? 2
y = 21 − 9 L. m¤úK© `ywUi gva¨‡g GKwU wØNvZ mnmgxKiY wbY©q Ki| 4
 y = 12 M. mgxKiYwU mgvavb K‡i msL¨vwU wbY©q Ki| 4
wKš‘ ˆ`N©¨, cÖ¯’ A‡cÿv †QvU n‡Z cv‡i bv|  4 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb 
 ˆ`N©¨ = 12 wg. Ges cÖ¯’ = 9 wg. (Ans.)
K. g‡b Kwi, `kK ¯’vbxq A¼ x Ges
œ 3  GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cÖ‡¯’i wØ¸Y ˆ`N©¨ A‡cÿv 23 wg. †ewk
cÖk- GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ y
AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 600 eM© wg.|  msL¨vwU = 10y + x
A¼Øq ¯’vb wewbgq Ki‡j cÖvß msL¨v n‡e 10x + y Ki Ges G †ÿÎd‡ji mgvb †ÿÎdj wewkó GKwU
L.
10x + y
cÖkœg‡Z, xy = 2 ...........................(i) eM©‡ÿ‡Îi GKwU evûi ˆ`N©¨ †ei Ki| 4
Ges 10x + y + 27 = 10y + x ...............(ii)
mgxKiY (ii) n‡Z cvB, K. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi Pvi evûi mgwó‡K Gi cwimxgv e‡j|
10x + y + 27 = 10y + x  cwimxgv = 2  (ˆ`N©¨ + cÖ¯’)
ev, 10x + y − 10y − x + 27 = 0 Avevi, AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi wecixZ †KŠwYK we›`yi ms‡hvRK
ev, 9x − 9y + 27 = 0 mij‡iLv‡K KY© e‡j|
ev, 9(x − y + 3) = 0  KY© = (ˆ`N©¨)2 + (cÖ¯’)2
ev, x − y + 3 = 0 L. g‡b Kwi,
ev, x = y − 3 .....................(iii) AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi ˆ`N©¨ x wg.
Avevi mgxKiY (i) n‡Z cvB, Ges cÖ¯’ y wg.
10x + y = 2xy  evMv‡bi cwimxgv = 2(x + y) wg.
ev, 10(y − 3) + y = 2(y − 3) y K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = x2 + y2 wg.
ev, 10y − 30 + y = 2y2 − 6y Ges †ÿÎdj = xy eM© wg.
ev, 2y2 − 6y − 11y + 30 = 0 cÖkœg‡Z, 2(x + y) = 56
ev, 2y2 − 17y + 30 = 0 (Ans.) ev, x + y = 28 ..............(i)
M. ÔLÕ n‡Z cvB, Ges x2 + y2 = 20
2y2 − 17y + 30 = 0
ev, x2 + y2 = 400 ..........(ii) [eM© K‡i]
ev, 2y2 − 12y − 5y + 30 = 0
mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB,
ev, 2y (y − 6) − 5(y − 6) = 0 x + y = 28
ev, (y − 6) (2y − 5) = 0 ev, (x + y)2 = (28)2 [eM© K‡i]
nq y − 6 = 0 A_ev, 2y − 5 = 0 ev, x2 + y2 + 2xy = 784
y=6  y=
5
[MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq] M. ÔLÕ †_‡K cvB,
2 x2 + y2 + 2xy = 784
y = 6, mgxKiY (iii) G ewm‡q cvB, ev, 400 + 2xy = 784
x=6−3 ev, 2xy = 784 − 400
ev, x = 3 384
ev, xy = 2
 msL¨vwU = 10  3 + 6
= 30 + 6 = 36  xy = 192
wb‡Y©q msL¨vwU 36| A_©vr evMv‡bi †ÿÎdj =192 eM©wgUvi
œ 5  GKwU AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi cwimxgv 56 wg. Ges KY© 20 wg.|
cÖk- Avevi AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi †ÿÎd‡ji mgvb †ÿÎdjwewkó eM©vKvi
†ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj A_©vr eM©‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 192 eM©wgUvi
K. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cwimxgv I KY© Kv‡K e‡j Ges
cwimxgv I KY© wbY©‡qi m~Î †jL| 2  eM©‡ÿ‡Îi GK evûi ˆ`N©¨ = 192 wg.
L. Aby‡”Q‡ì mv‡c‡ÿ GKwU wØNvZ mnmgxKiY wbY©q Ki| 4 = 64  3 wg.
M. mgxKiYwU mgvavb K‡i AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj †ei = 8 3 wg. (Ans.)

œ 6  GKwU AvqZvKvi †ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj
cÖk- 300 eM©wgUvi Ges  xy
Aa©cwimxgv GKwU KY© A‡cÿv 10 wgUvi †ewk|  AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj = xy eM©wgUvi
K. Dc‡ii Z_¨¸‡jv‡K mgxKiY AvKv‡i cÖKvk Ki| 2 2x + 2y
Aa©cwimxgv = wgUvi = (x + y) wgUvi
L. AvqZvKvi †ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ wbY©q Ki| 4 2
M. hw` †ÿÎwUi cÖ‡¯’i wØ¸Y ˆ`N©¨ A‡cÿv 10 wgUvi Avevi,
†ewk nq, ZLb Gi †ÿÎdj D³ †ÿÎd‡ji wØ¸Y KY© = (ˆ`N©¨)2 + (cÖ¯’)2
nq| Z‡e †ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ wbY©q Ki| 4 = x2 + y2 wgUvi
 6 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb  cÖkœg‡Z, xy = 300
K. g‡b Kwi, AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ = x wgUvi Ges x + y = x2 + y2 + 10
Ges cÖ¯’ = y wgUvi L. ÔKÕ n‡Z cvB, xy = 300 ...................(i)
Ges x + y = x2 y2
+ + 10 ..............(ii) wewkó KZwU BU jvM‡e? 4
mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB,  7 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb 
x + y − 10 = x2 + y2 K. awi, AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ = x wgUvi
ev, (x + y − 10)2 = (x2 + y2)2 [Dfqcÿ‡K eM© K‡i] Ges Ó cÖ¯’ = x wgUvi
ev, x2 + 2xy + y2 + 100 − 20x − 20y = x2 + y2 Avgiv Rvwb, AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj = ˆ`N©¨  cÖ¯’ = xy eM© wg.
ev, 2xy − 20x − 20y = x2 + y2 − x2 − y2 − 100 cÖkœg‡Z, xy = 600 ..........................(i)
ev, 2  300 − 20x − 20y = − 100 [ xy = 300] Ges 2y = x + 10 ......................(ii)
ev, 600 − 20x − 20y = − 100 (i) I (ii) bs mgxKiYB wb‡Y©q mgxKiY|
ev, − 20x − 20y = − 100 − 600 L. ÔKÕ n‡Z cvB, 2y = x + 10
ev, − 20(x + y) = − 700 x + 10
y= ................(iii)
ev, x + y = 35 [Dfqcÿ‡K (− 20) Øviv fvM K‡i] 2
 x + y = 35 ................(iii) GLb, y Gi gvb (i) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
GLb, Avgiv Rvwb, x + 10
(x − y)2 = (x + y)2 − 4xy
x ( 2 ) = 600
= 352 − 4  300 = 1225 − 1200 = 25 = (5)2 2
x + 10x
 x − y = 5 .............(iv) [ x  y, A_©vr x − y  o]
ev, 2 = 600
mgxKiY (iii) I (iv) †hvM K‡i cvB, ev, x2 + 10x = 1200
x + y + x − y = 35 + 5 ev, x2 + 10x − 1200 = 0
ev, 2x = 40 ev, x2 + 40x − 30x − 1200 = 0
40 ev, x(x + 40) − 30(x + 40) = 0
ev, x = 2
 x = 20
ev, (x + 40) (x − 30) = 0
mgxKiY (iii) n‡Z (iv) we‡qvM K‡i cvB, nq, x + 40 = 0 A_ev, x − 30 = 0
x + y − (x − y) = 35 − 5  x = − 40  x = 30
ev, x + y − x + y = 35 − 5 hv MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| KviY, ˆ`N©¨ KL‡bv FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i bv|
ev, 2y = 30  AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ = 30 wgUvi
30 30 + 10
ev, y = 2 Ges cÖ¯’ = 2
[(iii) n‡Z]
 y = 15 40
= 2 wg. = 20 wg.
 AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ 20 wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’ 15 wgUvi| (Ans.)
M. hw` AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ x I cÖ¯’ y nq, Z‡e kZ©g‡Z, AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ 30 wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’ 20 wgUvi (Ans.)
2y = x + 10 ev, x = 2y − 10 M. AvqZvKvi †ÿÎwUi PZzw`©‡K 2 wg. PIov cÖvPxi wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e|
 AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj = (2y − 10)y eM© wgUvi| ÔLÕ †Z cÖvPximn †ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ = (30 + 2  2) wg.
cÖvß AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ 20 wgUvi I cÖ¯’ 15 wgUvi n‡j = 34 wg.
AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj (20  15) ev, 300 eM©wgUvi| Ó Ó cÖ¯’ = (20 + 2  2) wg.
cÖkœg‡Z, (2y − 10)y = 2  300 = 24 wg.
ev, 2(y − 5)y = 2  300  Ó Ó †ÿÎdj = (34  24) e. wg.
ev, y2 − 5y = 300 = 816 e. wg.
ev, y2 − 5y − 300 = 0 Avevi, cÖvPxiev‡` AvqZvKvi †ÿÎwUi †ÿÎdj = 600 eM© wg.
ev, y2 − 20y + 15y − 300 = 0  cÖvPx‡ii †ÿÎdj
ev, y(y − 20) + 15(y − 20) = 0
= cÖvPximn †ÿÎwUi †ÿÎdj − cÖvPxiev‡` †ÿÎwUi †ÿÎdj
ev, (y − 20)(y + 15) = 0
= (816 − 600) eM© wg.
nq, y − 20 = 0 A_ev y + 15 = 0
ev, y = 20  y = − 15
= 216 eM© wg.
y  − 15 KviY ˆ`N©¨, cÖ¯’ FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i bv  cÖvPx‡ii AvqZb = cÖvPx‡ii †ÿÎdj  cÖvPx‡ii D”PZv
 †ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨, x = (2  20 − 10) wgUvi = (216  2) Nb wg.
= 40 − 10 wgUvi = 30 wgUvi (Ans.) = 432 Nb wg.
œ 7  GKwU AvqZvKvi †ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ cÖ‡¯’i wØ¸Y A‡cÿv 10
cÖk- †Ìqv Av‡Q, B‡Ui ˆ`N©¨ = 25 †m.wg. = 025 wg.
wgUvi Kg| †ÿÎwUi †ÿÎdj 600 wgUvi| Ó cÖ¯’ = 15 †m.wg. = 015 wg.
K. `yBwU PjK a‡i `yBwU mgxKiY ˆZwi Ki| 2 B‡Ui D”PZv = 10 †m. wg. = 010 wg.
L. ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ wbY©q Ki| 4 B‡Ui AvqZb = (025  015  010) Nb wg.
M. AvqZvKvi †ÿÎwUi PZzw`©‡K 2 wgUvi PIov Ges 2 = 000375 Nb wg.
wgUvi DuPz GKwU cÖvPxi wbg©vY Ki‡Z 25 †m.wg. cÖvPx‡ii AvqZb
 cÖvPxiwU wbg©vY Ki‡Z BU jvM‡e = B‡Ui AvqZb
ˆ`N©¨, 15 †m.wg. cÖk¯Í Ges 10 †m.wg. D”PZv
432
= 000375 wU ev, x + y = 35
300 300
= 115200 wU ev, x + x = 35 [ (i) n‡Z y =
x ]
cÖvPxi wbg©vY Ki‡Z 115200wU BU jvM‡e (Ans.) ev, x + 300 = 35x
2
œ 8  GKwU AvqZvKvi †ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 300 eM©wgUvi Ges Gi

cÖk- ev, x2 − 35x + 300 = 0
A_© cwimxgv GKwU KY© A‡cÿv 10 wgUvi †ewk| AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ ev, x2 − 20x − 15x + 300 = 0
x wgUvi, cÖ¯’ y wgUvi| ev, x(x − 20) − 15(x − 20) = 0
K. AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi Aa© cwimxgv I K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ x Ges y ev, (x − 20) (x − 15) = 0
 x = 20 ev, x = 15
Gi gva¨‡g cÖKvk Ki| 2
x = 20 n‡j ˆ`N©¨ = 20 wgUvi, cÖ¯’ = 15 wgUvi
L. ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ wbY©q Ki| 4
x = 15 n‡j ˆ`N©¨ = 15 wg. cÖ¯’ = 20 wg. hv MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq|
M. AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi KY©Ø‡qi ˆ`‡N©ï mgwó †Kv‡bv e‡M©i
cwimxgvi mgvb n‡j, eM©wUi †ÿÎdj I K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ KviY, ˆ`N©¨  cÖ¯’|
ˆ`N©¨ = 20 wg. I cÖ¯’ = 15 wg. (Ans.)
wbY©q Ki| 4
M. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = x2 + y2 GKK
 8 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb  = 202 + 152 wgUvi
K. GLv‡b, AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi = 25 wgUvi
Ó cÖ¯’ y wgUvi  KY©Ø‡qi ˆ`‡N©ï mgwó = 25  2 = 50 wgUvi
cwimxgv = 2(x + y) wgUvi kZ©g‡Z, e‡M©i cwimxgv = 50 wgUvi
Aa©cwimxgv = (x + y) wgUvi (Ans.) 50
e‡M©i GK evûi ˆ`N©¨, a = 4 = 125 wgUvi
K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = x2 + y2 wgUvi (Ans.)
L. kZ©g‡Z, xy = 300 .......................(i)  eM©wUi †ÿÎdj = a2 eM© GKK
= (125)2 eM©wgUvi
Ges (x + y) = x2 + y2 + 10 ...........(ii)
= 15625 eM©wgUvi (Ans.)
ev, x + y − 10 = x2 + y2
 K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = a 2 GKK
ev, (x + y − 10)2 = x2 + y2
= 125 2 wg. = 1768 wgUvi (cÖvq) (Ans.)
ev, x2 + y2 + 100 + 2xy − 20x − 20y = x2 + y2
ev, 20x + 20y = 100 + 2  300 = 700 [(i) n‡Z]

œ 9  GKwU AvqZvKvi †ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj
cÖk- 300 eM©wgUvi Ges Gi M. †ÿÎdj 225 eM©wgUvi, K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ 514 wgUvi Ges cwimxgv
Aa©cwimxgv GKwU KY© A‡cÿv 10 †ewk| 64 wgUvi|
K. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi Aa©cwimxgv Kv‡K e‡j Ges Gi m~ÎwU †jL| 2 œ 11  GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj
cÖk- 24 eM©wgUvi| Aci GKwU
L. DÏxcK mv‡c‡ÿ mgxKiY wbY©q Ki| 4 AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ cÖ_g AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ A‡cÿv
M. mgxKi‡Yi mv‡c‡ÿ †ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ wbY©q Ki| 4 h_vµ‡g 4 wgUvi I 1 wgUvi †ewk Ges †ÿÎdj 50 eM©wgUvi|
DËi : L. xy = 300 Ges (x + y) = x2 + y2 + 10 K. cÖ_g AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ x I cÖ¯’ y a‡i mgxKiY `yBwU †jL| 2
M. ˆ`N©¨ 20 wgUvi I cÖ¯’ 15 wgUvi L. x I y Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| 4
œ 10  `yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨v x I y †hLv‡b x > y msL¨v `yBwUi
cÖk- M. hw` GKwU eM© ‡ ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj wØZxq AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎd‡ji
mgvb nq| Z‡e D³ eM©‡ÿ‡Îi e‡M©i ˆ`N©¨ wbY©q Ki| 4
e‡M©i AšÍi 64| 3
K. msL¨v `yBwUi AšÍi 2 n‡j mgwó KZ? ( )
2 DËi : K. xy = 24, x + 4y = 22 L. (x, y) = (6, 4) 16 2
L. msL¨v `yBwU wbY©q Ki| 4 M. 5 2
M. hw` AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’ y wgUvi nq Z‡e
†ÿÎdj, K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ I cwimxgv wbY©q Ki| 4
DËi : K. x + y = 32; L. x = 17, y = 15
A b yk xj b x 5 .6

 `yB PjKwewkó m~PK mgxKiY †RvU
m~PKxq mgxKi‡Y Dfqc‡¶ wfwË mgvb n‡j NvZ¸‡jv‡K mgvb AvKv‡i †jLv hvq|
mgxKiY †Rv‡U †h‡Kv‡bv c×wZ cÖ‡qvM K‡i mgvavb Kiv hvq|
†R‡b ivL
(1) †h‡Kv‡bv msL¨vi m~PK ev NvZ k~b¨ (0) n‡j Zvi gvb 1.
h_v a = 1, (− 2a) = 1, 5  = 1, 3x + 12  = 1 wKš‘ 0 AmsÁvwqZ|
x 2x2
() ( )
1
(2) n‡j y2 = 9  y =  3 [ sign n‡q‡Q wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi Rb¨, eM©g~j () Gi Rb¨ bq]
y−2 =
9
(3) †h‡Kv‡bv abvZ¥K msL¨vi eM©g~j me©`v abvZ¥K|
Av‡iv †R‡b ivL
msL¨v‡iLvq †`Lv hvq 2 (1.732) Gi Ae¯’vb k~b¨ (0) n‡Z Wvbw`‡K − 16 2 16
A_©vr me©`v abvZ¥K| Abyiƒcfv‡e 16 Gi me©`v abvZ¥K G Kvi‡YB
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
msL¨v‡iLvq 16 k~b¨ (0) Wvbw`‡K wKš‘ − 16 k~b¨ (0) n‡Z evgw`‡K
Aew¯’Z|

mgvavb Ki : ev, (y − 1) (4y + 1) = 0
cÖkœ \ 1 \ 2x + 3y = 31 nq, y – 1 = 0 A_ev, 4y + 1 = 0
2x − 3y = −23 y=1 ev, 4y = −1
mgvavb : 2x + 3y = 31 .......................(i) 1
y=−
2x − 3y = −23 ....................(ii) 4
mgxKiY (i) I (ii) †hvM K‡i cvB, GLb, y Gi gvb mgxKiY (iii) G ewm‡q cvB,
2.2x = 8 y = 1 n‡j, x = 2.1
ev, 2x = 22 x=2
ev, x = 2 [ am = an n‡j m = n] 1 1
Avevi, mgxKiY (i) †_‡K (ii) we‡qvM K‡i cvB,
Ges y = − 4 n‡j, x = 2. − 4 ( )
2
2.3y = 54 ev, x = − 4
ev, 3y = 27 1
ev, 3y = 33 x=−
2
y=3 1 1
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 3) (
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 1), − 2  − 4 )
cÖkœ \ 2 \ 3x = 9y cÖkœ \ 3 \ 3x.9y = 81
5x + y + 1 = 25xy 2x − y = 8
mgvavb: 3x = 9y ............................(i) mgvavb : 3x.9y = 81 ...................(i)
2x − y = 8 ................. (ii)
5x + y + 1 = 25xy ....................(ii)
mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB, mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB,
3x.9y = 81
3x = (32)y
ev, 3x.(32)y 34 [ 34 = 81]
ev, 3x = 32y
ev, 3 .3 = 3
x 2y 4 [ (am)n = amn]
 x = 2y .................................(iii)
Avevi, mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB, ev, 3 x + 2y =3 4 [ am.an = am + n]
5x + y + 1 = 52xy [ am = an n‡j m = n]
ev, x + 2y = 4 [ a = an n‡j m = n]
m
ev, x + y + 1 = 2xy ev, x + 2y − 4 = 0 ....................(iii)

ev, x + y + 1 − 2xy = 0 mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB,
2x − y = 8
ev, 2y + y + 1 − 2y. 2y = 0 [(iii) n‡Z ]
ev, 2x − y − 8 = 0 ....................(iv)
ev, 3y + 1 − 4y2 = 0
mgxKiY (iii) I (iv) †_‡K eRª¸Yb c×wZ‡Z cvB
ev, − 4y2 + 3y + 1 = 0 x y 1
ev, 4y2 − 3y − 1 = 0 [(−1) Øviv ¸Y K‡i] = =
2  (− 8) − (− 4)  (− 1) (− 4)  2 − (− 8)  1 1  (− 1) − 2  2
ev, 4y2 − 4y + y − 1 = 0 x y 1
ev, 4y(y −1) + 1(y − 1) = 0 ev, − 16 − 4 = − 8 + 8 = − 1 − 4
x y 1
ev, − 20 = 0 = − 5 ev, x2 = 4
 x = 2
 x = 4, y = 0 x Gi gvb mgxKiY (i) G ewm‡q cvB,
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (4, 0) x = 2 n‡j, y2 = 22
cÖkœ \ 4 \ 2x.3y = 18 ev, y2 = 4
22x. 3y = 36 y=2
mgvavb : 2x.3y = 18 .......................(i) Ges x = −2 n‡j, y−2 = (−2)2
22x. 3y = 36 ....................(ii) 1
mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K (i) fvM K‡i cvB, ev, 2 = 4
y
22x.3y 36 1
= ev, y2 = 4
2x.3y 18
1
 y=2
2x
2
ev, 2x = 2
1
ev, 22x – x = 2 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2), (−2,  2)
ev, 2x = 21 cÖkœ \ 7 \ yx = 4
x=1 y2 = 2x
GLb x Gi gvb mgxKiY (i) -G ewm‡q cvB, mgvavb : yx = 4 ...................... (i)
21.3y = 18 y2 = 2x ......................(ii)
ev, 2.3y = 18 mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB,
ev, 3y = 9 [2 Øviv fvM K‡i] y2 = 2x
ev, 3y = 32 ev, (y2)x = (2x)x [Dfqc‡ÿi NvZ x-G DbœxZ K‡i]
y=2 [ am = an n‡j m = n] ev, y2x = 2x2 [(am)n = amn]
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (1, 2) ev, (y ) = 2
x 2 x 2
[(am)n = amn]
cÖkœ \ 5 \ ax.ay+1 = a7 ev, (4) = 2
2 x 2
[(i) †_‡K y Gi gvb ewm‡q]
a2y.a3x+5 = a20 ev, (22)2 = 2x2
mgvavb: ax.ay+1 = a7 .....................(i)
ev, 24 = 2x2 [(am)n = amn]
a2y.a3x+5 = a20 ................. (ii)
ev, x = 4
2 [ a = an n‡j m = n]
m
mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB,
x=2 [eM©g~j K‡i]
ax.ay+1 = a7
ev, ax+y+1 = a7 [ am.an = am + n] GLb, x Gi gvb mgxKiY (i)-G ewm‡q cvB
ev, x + y + 1 = 7 [ am = an n‡j m = n]
hLb x = 2 hLb x = − 2
ev, x + y = 6 ZLb y2 = 4 ZLb y−2 = 4
1
 x + y − 60 = 0 .............................(iii) y=2 ev, y2 = 4
mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB, 1
a2y.a3x+5 = a20 ev, y2 = 4
ev, a2y+ 3x + 5 = a20 1
y=
ev, 3x + 2y + 5 = 20 2
ev, 3x + 2y = 20 − 5 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2,  2), (− 2,  2)
1
ev, 3x + 2y = 15
 3x + 2y − 15 = 0 ........................(iv)
cÖkœ \ 8 \ 4x = 2y
mgxKiY (iii) I (iv) †_‡K eRª¸Yb c×wZ Abymv‡i, (27)xy = 9y + 1
x y 1
mgvavb : 4x = 2y .........................(i)
= =
1  (− 15) − (− 6)  2 (− 6)  3 − (− 15)  1 1  2 − 3  1 (27)xy = 9y +1 .................(ii)
x y 1 mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB,
ev, − 3 = − 3 = − 1 x
(22) = 2y
 x = 3 Ges y = 3 ev, 22x = 2y [ (am)n = amn]
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (3, 3)  2x = y ........................(iii) [am = an n‡j m = n]
mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB,
\ 6 \ x2x = y4 (y  1)
yx = x2
cÖkœ (33)xy = (32)y+1
mgvavb : yx = x2 ........................(i) ev, 33xy = 32y+2
x2x = y4 .......................(ii) ev, 3xy = 2y + 2
mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB, ev, 3x.2x = 2.2x + 2 [(iii) n‡Z]
(x2)x = y4 ev, 6x2 = 4x + 2
ev, (yx)x = y4 [(i) n‡Z]
2 ev, 6x2 = 2(2x + 1)
ev, yx = y4 ev, 3x2 = 2x + 1
ev, 3x − 2x − 1 = 0
2
ev, yx = 4
ev, 3x2 − 3x + x − 1 = 0 ev, yx = 22
ev, 3x (x − 1) + 1 (x − 1) = 0 1 1
ev, (x − 1) (3x + 1) = 0 ev, (yx)x = (22)x

2
nq x − 1 = 0 A_ev, 3x + 1 = 0 x
 y = 2 ....................(iii)
x=1 ev, 3x = −1
1
y Gi gvb mgxKiY (ii) G ewm‡q cvB,
x=− 2 2
3  x
x Gi gvb (iii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB, 2x = 2 
x=1 n‡j, y = 2.1 4
y=2
ev, 2x = 2x
−1 4
1 ev, x = x
Ges x = 3 n‡j, y = 2. − 3 ( ) ev, x2 = 4
2
y=−  x = 2
3
1 2 x Gi gvb mgxKiY (ii) G ewm‡q cvB,
− −
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (1, 2), ( 3 3 ) x = 2 n‡j, 22 = y2
cÖkœ \ 9 \ 8yx − y2x = 16 ev, 4 = y2
2x = y2 ev, y = 2
mgvavb : 8yx − y2x = 16 .........................(i) Ges x = − 2 n‡j, 2−2 = y2
x 2
2 = y ................................... (ii) 1
mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB, ev, y2 = 22
8yx − y2x − 16 = 0 1
ev, y2 = 4
ev, −y2x + 8yx − 16 = 0
ev, y2x − 8yx + 16 = 0 1
y=
2
ev, (yx)2 − 2.yx.4 + (4)2 = 0 1
ev, (yx − 4)2 = 0 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2), (−2,  2)
ev, yx − 4 = 0

mgxKiYØ‡qi mgvavb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (KwVb)
56 : `yB PjKwewkó m~PK mgxKiY †mU 1
K (2, 2), (4, 2)  (−2, 2), ( , −2)
2
mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 1
M (4, 2), (2, −2) N (− , 4), (−4, 12)
1. 8.2xy = 4y n‡j wb‡Pi †Kvb m¤úK©wU mwVK? (ga¨g) 2
K 3 − xy = 2y  2y − xy = 3 9. px.py+1 = p7 ; p2y.p3x+5 = p2
M 2y + xy = 3 N 3 + xy = 2y mgxKiYØ‡qi mgvavb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
1 K (1, 1) L (2, 2)  (3, 3) N (−4, 4)
2. x xy
9 .3 =
27
n‡j, wb‡Pi †Kvb m¤úK©wU mwVK? (ga¨g) 10. px.qy = pq2, pm.qy = p2q2
K 2x + xy = 3 L 2x − xy = −3 mgxKiYØ‡qi mgvavb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
 2x + xy = −3 N 2x + xy = 0 K (3, 1) L (1, 1)  (1, 2) N (2, 1)
3. 8.2xy = 4y Ges x = −1 n‡j, y Gi gvb KZ? (KwVb) 11. 2x.3y = 18, 2m.3y = 36
1 L0 M −1 N −2 DcwiD³ mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (KwVb)
4. 2x + 3y = 31, 2x − 3y = − 23 mgxKiYØ‡qi mgvavb KZ?  (1, 2) L (2, 1) M (3, 2) N (4, 2)
(KwVb) 12. 2mx − 1 = 2pmx − 2 mgxKiYwUi mgvavb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
 (2, 3) L (3, 2) M (−2, 3) N (−3, −2) m −m 2
K L Mm 
5. 2x.3y = 18. 22x.3y = 36 mgxKiYØ‡qi mgvavb (x, y) = KZ? 2 2 m
(KwVb) 13. 82xy = 4y n‡j, wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
K (1, −2) L (−1, −2)  (1, 2) N (0, 1) K xy + 4y = 8 L 8 + xy = 4y
6. (27)xy = 9y+1 Ges y = 2 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? (mnR) M 2xy + 4y = 4  3 + xy = 2y
K −2 L0 1 N3 1
7. yx = 4 Ges y2 = 2x n‡j, x = ? (ga¨g) 14. 27x3xy =
81
n‡j, 3x + xy = KZ? (ga¨g)
K1 2 M3 N4 K−3 −4 M4 N9
8. xy = y2, y2y = x4 15. 2x + 3y = 31 Ges 2x − 3y = − 23 n‡j (x, y) = KZ? (KwVb)
 (2, 3) L (3, 2) M (3, 4) N (2, − 3) 22. a2y. a3x + 5 = a20 mgxKiY‡K †jLv hvq-
16. 3x = 9y, 5x + y + 1 = 25xy n‡j, wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) i. 2x + 3y + 20 = 0 ii. 3x + 2y − 15 = 0
 x = 2y L 2x = y M x = − 2y N x = 3y iii. 2y + 3x + 5 = 20
17. 3x . 9y = 81, 2x − y = 8 n‡j, wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
K 2x + 3y = 27  x + 2y − 4 = 0 K i I ii L i I iii  ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M x + 2y + 4 = 0 N 2x + y − 4 = 0
Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 23 - 25 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
18. yy = xy mgxKi‡YÑ 18yx − y2x = 81 Ges 3x = y2
i. y = 1 n‡j x = 1 ii. y = 2 n‡j x =  2 23. cÖ_g mgxKiY †_‡K yx Gi gvb †KvbwU? (mnR)
K2 L3 M6 9
iii. y = 2 n‡j x =  2 24. x Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) K 1  2 M 4 N 16
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii  i, ii I iii 25. x > 0, y > 0 n‡j, (x, y) = KZ? (KwVb)
19. y2y = x4 m~PKxq mgxKi‡YÑ  (2, 3) L ( 3 , 2) M (9, 2) N (6, 2)
i. x = 0 n‡j y = 0 ii. x = 2 n‡j y = 2 wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 26 I 27 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
†Kv‡bv mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb (x, y) = (1, 2) n‡j Gi GKwU
iii. y = 2 n‡j x = 2
mgxKiY (27)xy = 9y + 1
26. Aci mgxKiY †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
K i I ii L i I iii  ii I iii N i, ii I iii K x4 = y2  4x = 2y M y2 = 2x N y x = x2
20. xy = y2 Ges y2y = x4 (x  1) n‡jÑ 27. D³ mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui Aci mgvavb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (KwVb)
M −  N
2
i. xy = y2y 1 1 1 2 2 1
ii. y =  2
K ( )

3 3

(− 13 − 32) 3 3 ( )

3 3
iii. x Gi 4wU gvb ev g~j cvIqv hv‡e

wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 28 − 30 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
yx = x2, x2x = y4} y  1
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) 28. mgxKiYØq n‡Z †jLv hvq? (ga¨g)
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii  i, ii I iii K x2 = 2 Lx=4 M x2 = 3  x2 = 4
21. 3x.9y = 81, 2x − y = 8 n‡jÑ 29. x Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
i. x + 2y = 4 ii. y = 2x − 8 Kx=4 Lx=4 Mx=2 x=2
iii. (x, y) = (4, 0)
30. y Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (KwVb)
1 1
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb) Ky=2 Ly=2 y=
2
Ny=
2

1
31. 9x  3xy = 27 n‡j, 2x + xy = KZ? 36. x Gi gvb KZ?
K − 2, − 3 L − 2, 3 M 2, − 3  2, 3
K−9 −3 M3 N6
32. 3x  9y = 81 n‡j, x + 2y Gi gvb KZ?
41 + x + 41− x = 10
K3 L2 M−4 4
33. x2x = y4 Ges x = 2 n‡j, y = KZ? 37. 4x = a n‡j, cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU ùvovq-
K1 2 M3 N4  4a2 − 10a + 4 = 0 L 4a2 + 4 = 5a
wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 34 - 36 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M 2a +
4
= 10 N 2a +
a
=5
4x − 3.2x + 2 + 25 = 0 GKwU m~PKxq mgxKiY Ges 2x = y a 4
34. y2 − 12y = KZ? 38. 4a2 + 4 = 10a mgxKiYwU a Gi gvb KZ?
1 1 1 1
 − 32 L 32 M 16 N−8  2, − L 2, M − 2, N ,2
2 2 2 2
35. y Gi gvb KZ?
 4, 8 L − 4, − 8 M − 4, 8 N 4, − 8

œ 1  (i) 4p = 2q, (27)pq = 9q+1
cÖk- K. i Gi 2q mgxKiYwUi q †K p Gi gva¨‡g cÖKvk Ki| 2
qp 2p
(ii) 18 − q = 81, 3 = q2
p L. i bs mgxKiYØq n‡Z p, q Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| 4
M. ii bs mgxKiY‡K mgvavb Ki| 4
 1 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb  p = − 2 n‡j, q2 = 3−2 =
1 1
=
32 9
pq q+1
K. 2q mgxKiYwU n‡jv, (27) = 9 q=
1
2(q + 1) 3
ev, 33pq = 3
1 1
ev, 3pq = 2(q + 1) wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (p, q) = (2, 3) (2, − 3) (− 2, 3), ( − 2, − 3)
ev, 3pq = 2q + 2
œ 2  4(27)=xy2 = 9y + 1 GKwU m~PKxq mgxKiY|
x
ev, 3pq − 2q = 2 cÖk-
y
ev, q (3p − 2) = 2
2 K. m~PKgy³ mgxKiY †RvU MVb Ki| 2
 q = 3p − 2 L. mij mgxKiY †RvU †_‡K wØNvZ mgxKiY MVb Ki
2 Ges D³ mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq wbY©q Ki| 4
L. K †_‡K cvB, q = 3p − 2
M. m~PKxq mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvav‡bi ï×Zv hvPvB Ki| 4
DÏxcK Abyhvqx (i) bs mgxKiY, 4p = 2q
ev, 22p = 2q
ev, 2p = q K. 4x = 2y
ev, q = 2p ev, (22)x = 2y
2 ev, 22x = 2y [ (am)n = amn]
ev, 3p − 2 = 2p [(i) bs n‡Z] ev, 2x = y [ (am = an n‡j m = n]
ev, 6p2 − 4p = 2  2x − y = 0
ev, 2(3p2 − 2p) = 2 Avevi, (27)xy = 9y + 1
ev, 3p2 − 2p − 1 = 0 ev, (33)xy = (32)y + 1
ev, 3p2 − 3p + p − 1 = 0 ev, 33xy = 32y + 2
ev, 3p(p −1) + 1(p −1) = 0 ev, 3xy = 2y + 2 [ (am)n = amn]
ev, (p − 1) (3p + 1) = 0  m~PKgy³ mgxKiY †RvU 2x − y = 0
1 3xy = 2y + 2
 p = 1 A_ev p = −
3 L. Abykxjbxi cÖkœ 8 Gi mgvavb †`L|
(i) bs G gvb ewm‡q M. m~PKxq mgxKi‡Yi †Rv‡Ui †ÿ‡Î,
p = 1 n‡j, q = 2. 1 = 2 x + 1, n‡j 2.x = 2.1 = 2
1 1 2
p = − n‡j, q = 2( − ) = − 1 1 2
3 3 3
1 2
x=
3 ( )
n‡j y = 2. −3 = − 3
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (p, q) = (1, 2), − 3  − 3
( ) (x, y) = (1, 2) Gi Rb¨ 41 = 22 = 4
(27)1.2 = (27)2 = 36
M. DÏxcK Abymv‡i, (ii) bs mgxKiY
18qp − q2p = 81
Avevi, 9 = 9 = 9 = 3
y + 1 2 + 1 3 6
−3 −3
p 1 2
3 = q2
1 −2
GLb, Avevi, (x, y) = − 3 3  Gi Rb¨ 4  = 2 
18qp − q2p = 81 1 −2
ev, 18qp − q2p − 81 = 0
Avevi, (27)
− .
3 ( ) = 27
3
2
9
= 3
3.
2
9
2
=33
ev, (qp)2 − 2.qp.9 + (9)2 = 0 2 1 2
− +1
ev, (qp − 9)2 = 0 Ges 9y + 1 = 9 3 = 9 3 = 3 3
ev, (qp − 9)2 = 0  mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui ï×Zv hvPvB Kiv n‡jv|
 qp = 32 œ 3  (1) 3x = 9y
cÖk-
Avevi, (2) 5x+y+1 = 25xy
3p = q2 (3) yx = 4, y2 = 2x
p p
ev, (3p) = (q2) K. (1) n‡Z x †K y Gi gva¨‡g †`LvI| 2
2
ev, 3p = q
2p
L. (1) I (2) n‡Z (x, y) Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| 4
2 p 2 M. (3) Gi mgxKiYØ‡qi mgvavb Ki| 4
ev, 3p = (q )
2 2 2
ev, 3p = (3 )
2 K. 3x = 9y
ev, 3p = 34 ev, 3x = 32y
ev, p2 = 4 ev, x = 2y
p=2 L. KÕ n‡Z cÖvß x = 2y ........................(i)
p = 2 n‡j, q2 = 32 = 9 Avevi (2) bs n‡Z
q=3 5x+y+1 = 25xy
ev, 5 x+y+1
=5 2xy
hLb, x = 2
ev, x + y + 1 = 2xy ZLb, y2 = 22
ev, 2y + y + 1 = 2.2y.y ev, y2 = 4
ev, 4y2 − 3y − 1 = 0 y = 2
ev, 4y2 − 4y + y − 1 = 0 Avevi, hLb, x = −2
ev, 4y(y − 1) + 1(y − 1) = 0 2
ev, (y − 1) (4y + 1) = 0 ZLb, y−2 = (–2)
1
nq, y − 1 = 0 A_ev, 4y + 1 = 0 ev, y2 = 4
1
y=1  y=−4 1
ev, y2 = 4
y=1 n‡j, x = 2  1 = 2
1
1 1 1  y=2
y=−
4
n‡j x = 2 − 4 ( ) =−
2
1 −1
1 1 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2), (2, −2), (−2, 2 ), (−2, 2 )
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 1) – 2  – 4( ) M. †Ìqv Av‡Q,
M. †Ìqv Av‡Q, yx = 4 .........................(iii)
yx = 4 ........................(i)
y2 = 2x .......................(iv)
Ges y2 = 2x ................(ii) (iv) †_‡K cvB,
(i) †_‡K cvB,
y2 = 2x
yx = 4
ev, (yx)2 = 42 [eM© K‡i] ev, (y2)x = (2x)x
2
ev, y2x = (22)2 ev, y2x = 2x

2
ev, (y2)x = 24 ev, (yx)2 = 2x
ev, (2x)x = 24 Gi gvb ewm‡q]
2
[(iii) ev, (4)2 = 2x [(iii) Gi gvb ewm‡q]
ev, 2x2 = 24 ev, (22)2 = 2x
2
ev, x2 = 4 ev, 2x2 = 24

ev, x = 2 ev, x2 = 4
x Gi gvb (ii) bs G ewm‡q cvB,  x = 2
x = 2 n‡j, y2 = 22 = 4 (iii) G x Gi gvb ewm‡q cvB,
y=2 hLb, x = 2 ZLb, y2 = 4
1 ev, y = 2
x = −2 n‡j, y2 = 2−2 =
4
1 Avevi hLb, x = −2 ZLb y−2 = 4
y= 1
2 ev, y2 = 4
1
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2), (−2, 2 ) 1
ev, y2 = 4
yx = x2 
Ges y2 = 2x y  1 `yBwU `yB PjKwewkó
yx = 4
œ 4 
cÖk- 
x2x = y4 1
 y=2
m~PKxq mgxKiY|
K. cÖ_g mgxKiY †RvU †_‡K x Gi gvb †ei Ki| 2 1 −1
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2), (2 −2), (−2, 2 ), (−2, 2 )
L. cÖ_g mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb wbY©q Ki| 4
M. †`LvI †h, wØZxq mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb cÖ_g myZivs wØZxq mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb cÖ_g mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui
mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvav‡bi mgvb| 4 mgvav‡bi mgvb| (†`Lv‡bv n‡jv)
 4 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb  œ 5  8yx − y2x = 16
cÖk-
GKwU `yB PjKwewkó mgxKiY †RvU|
2x = y2
K. †Ìqv Av‡Q, K. cÖ_g mgxKiY †_‡K cÖgvY Ki †h, yx = 4 2
cÖ_g mgxKiY †RvU, L. mgxKiY †RvU †_‡K x Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| 4
yx = x2 .....................(i) M. mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb Ki| 4
x2x = y4 .....................(ii)  5 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb 
(ii) bs n‡Z cvB,
x2x = y4 K. †Ìqv Av‡Q,
ev, (x2)x = y4 8yx − y2x = 16 ..............(i)
2x = y2 .........................(ii)
ev, (yx)x = y4 [(i) Gi gvb ewm‡q] (i) bs †_‡K cvB,
x2
ev, y = y 4
y2x − 8yx + 16 = 0
ev, x2 = 4 ev, (yx)2 − 2.yx.4 + (4)2 = 0
 x = 2 (Ans.) ev, (yx − 4)2 = 0
L. ÔKÕ n‡Z x Gi gvb (i) G ewm‡q cvB,  yx = 4 (cÖgvwYZ)
L. ÔKÕ Gi (ii) †_‡K cvB, ZLb, 22 = y2
x
2 =y 2
ev, y2 = 4
x x
ev, (2x) = (y2) ev, y=2
hLb,
2
ev, 2x = y2x x=−2
ZLb, 2− = y2
2
ev, 2x = (yx)2 2
2
ev, 2x = 42 [ÔKÕ Gi mgvavb ewm‡q] ev, y2 =
1
2 4
ev, 2x = 24 1
ev, x2 = 4  y=
2
ev, x = 2 (Ans.) 1 −1
M. ÔLÕ †_‡K cÖvß gvb (ii) bs G ewm‡q cvB, wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2), (2, −2), (−2, 2 ), (−2, 2 )
hLb, x = 2

œ 6  (1) 3x9y = 81 (2) a3x+y  a2y = a20 (3) 8yx − y2x = 16;
cÖk- x=
28
x
2 =y .2 3
K. (2) n‡Z x I y Gi m¤úK© wbY©q Ki| 2 28 8
L. (1) I (2) n‡Z (x, y) wbY©q Ki| 4
(x, y) =
3
− (
3
(Ans.) )
M. (3) Gi mgxKiYØq mgvavb Ki| 4 M. 3 bs †_‡K cvB,
28y − y = 16 ....................(i)
x
 6 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb  2x = y2 .............................(ii)
K. 2 bs †_‡K cvB, GLb, (i) bs mgxKiY †_‡K cvB,
a3x + y a2y = a20 y2x − 8yx + 16 = 0
ev, a3x + y + 2y = a20 ev, (yx)2 − 2yx4 + 42 = 0
ev, 3x + 3y = 20 ev, (yx − 4)2 = 0
ev, 3x = 20 − 3y  yx = 4 .........................(iii)
1
 x = (20 − 3y) GUvB wb‡Y©q m¤úK©|
Avevi, (ii) bs mgxKiY †_‡K cvB,
3 2x = y2
L. 1 bs †_‡K cvB, ev, (2x)x = (y2)x [Dfq c‡ÿi NvZ x-G DbœxZ K‡i]
3x 9y = 81 ev, =
2x
2
y2x [ (am)n = amn]
ev, 3x  32y = 81 2
ev, 3x + 2y = 34 ev, 2x = (yx)2 [ amn = (am)n]
2
ev, x + 2y = 4 ev, 2x = 42 [(iii) bs †_‡K yx Gi gvb ewm‡q]
 x = 4 − 2y ................(i) 2
ev, 2x = 16
1
ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, x = 3 (20 − 3y) ............(ii) 2
ev, 2x = 24
(i) I (ii) †_‡K cvB, ev, x2 = 4 [ am = an n‡j m = n]
1 x=2
4 − 2y = (20 − 3y) GLb, (ii) bs mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb ewm‡q cvB,
3
ev, 12 − 6y = 20 − 3y hLb x = 2 ZLb 22 = y2
ev, − 6y + 3y = 20 − 12 ev, y2 = 4
ev, − 3y = 8 y=2
y=−
8 hLb x = − 2 ZLb 2−2 = y2
3 1
(i) bs G y Gi gvb ewm‡q cvB, ev, y2 = 4
8 1
x=4−2 − ( ) 3 y=
2
12 + 16 1 1
ev, x = 3 ( )(
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2), (2, − 2), − 2 2 − 2 − 2)
ax. ay + 1 = a7 ax + 2. a2y + 1 = a10 K. 1g mgxKiY †RvU †_‡K `yB PjKwewkó mgxKiY MVb Ki| 2
œ 7
cÖk- Ges a2x. ay+ 1 = a9
a2y. a3x + 5 = a20}
`yBwU `yB
L. 1g mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb wbY©q Ki| 4
PjKwewkó m~PKxq mgxKiY †RvU| M. 2q mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb wbY©q Ki| 4
DËi : K. x + y − 6 = 0 Ges 3x + 2y − 15 = 0 œ 8  wb‡Pi mgxKiY¸‡jv jÿ Ki :
cÖk-
L. (x, y) = (3, 3); M. (x, y) = (3, 2) 3x = 9y        (i)
5 x + y + 1 = 25xy . (ii)
yx = 4, y2 = zx      (iii)
K. (i) n‡Z x †K y Gi gva¨‡g cÖKvk Ki| 2
L. (i) I (ii) bs n‡Z (x, y) wbY©q Ki| 4
M. (iii) bs mgxKiYØq‡K mgvavb Ki| 4
( 1 1) ( 1)
DËi : K. x = 2y; L. (x, y) = (2, 1) − 2 − 4 ; M. (x, y) = (2,  2), − 2 2
A b yk xj b x 5 .7

 †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mgvavb
g‡b Kwi, y = ax2 + bx + c, Zvn‡j, x Gi †h mKj gv‡bi Rb¨ y = 0 n‡e A_©vr †jLwPÎwU x-A¶‡K †Q` Ki‡e, x-Gi H mKj
gvbB ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwUi mgvavb|

1. x2 − x − 12 = 0 mgxKiYwU‡K ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ 1
i. x + = 6 ii. x2 + 1 = 6x
Zzjbv K‡i b Gi gvb †KvbwU? x
K 0 L 1 iii. x2 − 6x − 1 = 0
 −1 N 3 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
2. 16 = 4x x+1
mgxKiYwUi mgvavb †KvbwU?  i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
px − 1 px − 2
K 2  1 M 4 N 3 8. 2 = 2q Gi mgvavb †KvbwU?
3. x2 − x − 13 = 0 n‡j mgxKiYwUi GKwU g~j †KvbwU? K
p
L p M −
p

2
2 2 p
−1 + + 51 −1 − 51
K
2
L
2 †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ wb‡Pi mgxKiY¸‡jvi mgvavb Ki :
1+ −51 1 + 53
cÖkœ \ 9 \ x2 − 4x + 3 = 0
M
2

2 mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, y = x2 − 4x + 3
4. yx = 9, y2 = 3x mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui GKwU mgvavb mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU gvb wb‡q Zv‡ì
Abyiƒc y Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi :
K (− 3, − 3) L
(2 13) x −1 0 1 2 3
1 y 8 3 0 −1 0

( ) − 2
3
N (− 2, 3)
e‡M©i ¶z`ªZg 2 evû‡K GKK a‡i cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb
wb‡Pi Z‡_ï wfwË‡Z 5 I 6bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : Kwi|
`yBwU abvZ¥K c~Y© msL¨vi e‡M©i AšÍi 11 Ges ¸Ydj 30|
5. msL¨v `yBwU Kx Kx?
K 1 Ges 30 L 2 Ges 15
 5 Ges 6 N 5 Ges − 6
6. msL¨v `yBwUi e‡M©i mgwó KZ?
K 1 L 5  61 N 41
[ we.`ª. cvVëB‡q 41 Gi cwie‡Z© 61 n‡e]
7. GKwU msL¨v I H msL¨vi ¸YvZ¥K wecixZ msL¨vi mgwó 6|
m¤¢ve¨ mgxKiYwU MVb Ki‡j nqÑ
†`Lv hvq, †jLwPÎwU x A‡ÿi Dci (0, 0) I (− 7, 0) we›`y w`‡q hvq|

†`Lv hvq, †jLwPÎwU x A‡ÿi Dci (1, 0) I (3, 0) we›`y w`‡q hvq|
myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 1 ev x = 3 myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 0, −7
cÖkœ \ 12 \ 2x2 − 7x + 3 = 0
cÖkœ \ 10 \ x + 2x − 3 = 0
2
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, y = 2x2 − 7x + 3
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, y = x2 + 2x − 3 mgxKi‡Yi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU gvb wb‡q Zv‡ì
mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU gvb wb‡q Abyiƒc y Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi :
Abyiƒc y Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi : x 0 1 2 3 4
x −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 y 3 −2 −3 0 7
y 0 −3 −4 −3 0 5 e‡M©i ¶z`ªZg `yB evû‡K GKK a‡i cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R
12
e‡M©i ¶z`ªZg evû‡K GKK a‡i cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb ¯’vcb K‡i mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi|
Kwi|
Y
(3,12)
(2,5)
(-3,0) (1,0)
X
(-2,-3) (0,3)
†`Lv hvq, †jLwPÎwU x A‡ÿi Dci (0.5, 0) I (3, 0) we›`y w`‡q hvq|
†`Lv hvq, †jLwPÎwU x A‡ÿi Dci (1, 0), (−3, 0) we›`y w`‡q hvq|
myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 0.5, 3
myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 1 ev x = −3 cÖkœ \ 13 \ 2x2 − 5x + 2 = 0
cÖkœ \ 11 \ x2 + 7x = 0 mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, y = 2x2 − 5x + 2
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, y = x2 + 7x mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU gvb wb‡q Zv‡ì
mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU gvb wb‡q Zv‡ì Abyiƒc y Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi :
Abyiƒc y Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi : x 0 0.5 1 2
x −7 −6 −5 −4 −3 −2 0 y 2 0 −1 0
y 0 −6 −10 −12 −12 −10 0 e‡M©i ¶z`ªZg `yB evû‡K GKK a‡i cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R
¯’vcb K‡i mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi|
e‡M©i ¶z`ªZg evû‡K GKK a‡i cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb
K‡i mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi|
(-3, 3) (2, 3)
(-1, -1)
(0, 3)
(-1, -3)
†`Lv hvq, †jLwPÎwU x A‡ÿi Dci (0.5  0) , (2, 0) we›`y w`‡q hvq| †`Lv hvq, †jLwPÎwU x A‡ÿi Dci (−2.3 , 0) Ges (1.3 , 0) we›`y
myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 0.5 , 2 w`‡q hvq|
cÖkœ \ 14 \ x2 + 8x + 16 = 0 myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = −2.3 (cÖvq) ev, x = 1.3 (cÖvq)
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi,
cÖkœ \ 16 \ x2 = 8
y = x2 + 8x + 16
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, y = x2 − 8
mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU gvb wb‡q Zv‡ì
mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU gvb w`‡q Zv‡ì
x −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0
y 1 0 1 4 9 16 x −2 −1 0 1 2
mviwY‡Z ¯’vwcZ we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb K‡i †jLwPÎ A¼b y −4 −7 −8 −7 −4
Kwi| mviwY‡Z ¯’vwcZ we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R x Aÿ eivei ÿz`ªZg 1 eM©‡K
1 GKK Ges y Aÿ eivei ÿz`ªZg 1 eM©‡K 1 GKK a‡i ¯’vcb K‡i
†jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi|
(−5,1)  

†`Lv hvq †jLwPÎwU x Aÿ‡K ( − 4, 0) we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i‡Q| †h‡nZz

wØNvZ mgxKi‡Y `ywU g~j _v‡K|
myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb : x = − 4, x = − 4 †`Lv hvq †jLwPÎwU x-Aÿ‡K †gvUvgywU (−2.83, 0) I (2.83, 0)
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = − 4, x = − 4
we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i‡Q|
cÖkœ \ 15 \ x2 + x − 3 = 0
myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = −2.83 ev x = 2.83
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, y = x2 + x − 3
mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU gvb wb‡q Zv‡ì wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = −2.83 (cÖvq) ev, x = 2.83 (cÖvq)
Abyiƒc y Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi : cÖkœ \ 17 \ GKwU msL¨vi e‡M©i wØ¸Y msL¨vwUi 5 ¸Y †_‡K 3 Kg|
x −1 2 0 −3 1 wKš‘ H msL¨vwUi e‡M©i 3 ¸Y msL¨vwUi 5 ¸Y †_‡K 3 †ewk|
y −3 3 −3 3 −1
K. DÏxc‡Ki Z_¨¸‡jvi mvnv‡h¨ mgxKiY MVb Ki| 2
e‡M©i ¶z`ªZg `yB evû‡K GKK a‡i cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R L. m~Î cÖ‡qvM K‡i 1g mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki| 4
¯’vcb K‡i mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi| M. 2q mgxKiYwU †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ mgvavb Ki| 4
mgvavb :
K. g‡b Kwi, msL¨vwU = x
kZ©g‡Z, 2x = 5x − 3
2
mgvavb :
ev, 2x2 − 5x + 3 = 0 ....................(i) K. g‡b Kwi, AvkdvK Avjxi Rwgi ˆ`N©¨ = x wgUvi
Avevi, 3x2 = 5x + 3 ,, ,, ,, cÖ¯’ = y wgUvi
ev, 3x2 − 5x − 3 = 0 ....................(ii) †ÿÎdj = xy eM©wgUvi
L. 2x2 − 5x + 3 = 0 mgxKiYwU‡K ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi cÖkœg‡Z, xy = 0.12  10,000
mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvIqv hvq| = 1200 eM©wgUvi
a = 2, b = − 5, c = 3
− (−5)  (−5)2 − 4.2.3
x=
2.2
5  25 − 24
= xy = 1200 .....................................(i)
4
51 20 + x2 + y2 = (x + y) ..................(ii)
=
4 L. (ii) n‡Z cvB,
5+1 5−1
nq, x = 4 A_ev, x = 4 x2 + y2 + 20 = x + y
6 4 ev, ( x2 + y2) 2 = {(x + y) − 20}2
=
4 =
4 ev, x2 + y2 = (x + y)2 − 40(x + y) + 400
3 x=1 ev, x2 + y2 = x2 + y2 + 2xy− 40x − 40y + 400
x=
2 ev, 2xy − 40(x + y) + 400 = 0
A_©vr x1 = 23 Ges x2 = 1 ev, 40(x + y) = 2800
ev, x + y = 70
M. g‡b Kwi, y = 3x2 − 5x – 3  y = 70 − x
x-Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y-Gi gvb wbY©q K‡i GB (i) bs mgxKi‡Y gvb ewm‡q cvB,
mgxKi‡Yi †j‡Li K‡qKwU we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Kwi| x(70 − x) = 1200
x −3 −2 1 −0.47 0 1 2 2.135 3 4 5 ev, 70x − x2 − 1200 = 0
y 39 19 5 0 −3 −5 −1 −7 9 2.5 47 ev, x2 − 70x + 1200 = 0
Dc‡ii mgxKiYwU‡Z cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv ¯’vcb K‡i mgxKiYwUi ev, x2 − 40x − 30x + 1200 = 0
†jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi| ev, (x − 40) (x − 30) = 0
X-A‡ÿ cÖwZ 2 eM©‡K = 1 GKK a‡i Y-A‡ÿ cÖwZ eM©‡K = 2  x = 40, 30
(i) bs G x Gi gvb ewm‡q cvB,
GKK a‡i
x = 40 n‡j, y = 30
x = 30 n‡j, y = 40
wKš‘ ˆ`N©¨ > cÖ¯’
 x = 40 Ges y = 30

AvkdvK Avjxi Rwgi ˆ`N©¨ 40 wg. Ges cÖ¯’ 30 wg. (Ans.)

M. awi, k¨vgeveyi Rwgi cÖ¯’ = x wg.
  ,, ,, ˆ`N©¨ = (x + 5) wg.
 Rwgi †ÿÎdj = x(x + 5) eM© wg.
 1
 cÖkœg‡Z, x(x + 5) = 3  1200

  ev, x2 + 5x = 400

ev, x2 + 5x − 400 = 0
− (5)  (5)2 − 4.1(− 400)
x=
2.1
†jLwPÎ †_‡K †`Lv hvq †h, cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU GKwU cive„Ë| −5  25 + 1600
=
cive„ËwU (− 0. 47, 0) Ges (2.13, 0) we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i| 2
mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = − 0.47, 2.13 (cÖvq) −5  1625
=
2
cÖkœ \ 18 \ Rbve AvkdvK Avjxi AvqZvKvi GK LÊ Rwgi †ÿÎdj −5 + 40.31
0.12 †n±i| RwgwUi Aa©cwimxgv Gi GKwU KY© A‡cÿv 20 wgUvi =
2
[abvZ¥K gvb wb‡q]
†ewk| wZwb Zvi Rwg †_‡K k¨vgeveyi wbKU GK AvqZvKvi 35.31
=
Z…Zxqvsk wewµ K‡ib| k¨vgeveyi Rwgi ˆ`N©¨, cÖ¯’ A‡cÿv 5 wgUvi 2
†ewk| [1 †n±i = 10,000 eM©wgUvi] = 17.655
 Rwgi cÖ¯’ = 17.655 wg.
K. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K `yBwU mgxKiY MVb Ki| 2
L. AvkdvK Avjxi Rwgi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ wbY©q Ki| 4 ,, ˆ`N©¨ = (17.655 + 5) wg. = 22.655 wg.
M. k¨vgeveyi RwgwUi K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ I cwimxgv wbY©q Ki| 4  Rwgi KY© = x2 + y2
= 513.1493 + 311.5226 Rwgi = 2(22.5656 + 17.6556) wg.
= 824.6718 = 80.6224 wg.
= 28.7170 K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ 28.72 wgUvi (cÖvq) Ges cwimxgv 80.63 wgUvi (cÖvq) (Ans.)
 K‡Y©i cwigvY = 28.7170 wg.
cwimxgv = 2(x + y)

1. 2x + 5y = 1 Ges 5x − 5y = 27 †iLvØq †Kvb PZzf©v‡M †Q` wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 3 I 4bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
Ki‡e? y = x2 − 2x − 1 n‡j
K cÖ_g L wØZxq M Z…Zxq  PZz_© 3. y = 0 Gi Rb¨ x-Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
2. ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi êwkó¨ n‡jv-
K −1+ 2  1 + 2, 1 − 2
i. GwU cive„ËvKvi
M − 1 − 2, 1 − 2 N 1 + 2, − 1 + 2
ii. Y A‡ÿi mgvšÍivj †iLv
4. mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ †Kvb cÖK…wZi n‡e?
iii. GwU GKwU mij‡iLv
K e„Ë  cive„Ë
M Awae„Ë N Dce„Ë
K i I ii i Mi I iii N i, ii I iii

K 
57 : †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ wØNvZ mgxKiY
ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mgvavb
M N
mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
5.
y 10. †jLwP‡Îi Aÿ KqwU? (mnR)
K 0wU L 1wU  2wU N 3wU
x x 11. †jLwP‡Îi `yB A‡ÿi Dc‡ii Wvb As‡k wKiƒc gvb e‡m?
(ga¨g)
 `yBwUabvZ¥K gvb
y L 1wU abvZ¥K 1wU FYvZ¥K gvb
Dc‡ii †jLwPÎwU †Kvb mgxKiY wb‡`©k K‡i? (mnR) M `yBwU FYvZ¥K gvb
Kx=0 y=x M 2x = y N y = 2x N x Gi abvZ¥K I x Gi FYvZ¥K gvb
6. 12. y = ax2 + bx + c mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ x Aÿ ¯úk© Ki‡j Gi
y
g~j¸‡jv wKiƒc? (ga¨g)
x 0,3
(1,2) x K Aev¯Íe L wecixZ wPýwewkó
3,0 M1  mgvb
y
Dc‡ii †jLwPÎwUi mwVK mgxKiY †KvbwU? (ga¨g) 13. x2 − 5x + 4 = 0 wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq 1Ges 4 n‡jÑ
K ax + by + c = 0 x2
L + −3=0
y2 i. mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ x-Aÿ‡K (1, 0) Ges (4, 0) we›`y‡Z
x+y−3=0 N a + by − 3 = 0 †Q` K‡i
7. ax + by + c = 0 Gi †jLwPÎ Kx ai‡bi n‡e? (mnR)
ii. mgxKiYwUi wbðvq‡Ki gvb  3
 mij‡iLv L e„Ë
iii. mgxKiYwUi wbðvq‡Ki gvb 9
M cive„Ë N Dce„Ë
8. Nb‡Ki gvÎv KqwU? (mnR)
K 2wU  3wU
14. wb‡Pi Z_¨¸‡jv jÿ Ki : (KwVb)
M 4wU N 1wU
i. †h gvb¸‡jvi Rb¨ mgxKi‡Yi Dfqcÿ mgvb nq Zv n‡jv
9. y = 2x2 mgxKi‡Yi †jLwPÎ wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (mnR)
IB mgxKi‡Yi g~j
ii. y = (x −1)2 mgxKi‡Yi †jLwPÎ GKwU msL¨v Ges Zvi ¸YvZ¥K wecixZ msL¨vi mgwó 2|
17. wØNvZ mgxKiY wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (mnR)
L x2 + 2x − 1 = 0
y
K x2 + 2x + 1 = 20
 x2 − 2x + 1 = 0 N x2 − 2x − 1 = 0
iii. x †jLwPÎwU x A‡ÿi abvZ¥K As‡k we¯Í…Z 18. mgxKiYwUi g~j KqwU? (mnR)
K1 2 M3 N4
wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 19 − 21 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
 i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii y = 2x2
Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 19. x = 0 n‡j, y Gi gvb KZ? (mnR)
Ky=2 Ly=4 My=1 y=0
wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 15 I 16 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 20. mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ †Kvb cÖK…wZi? (mnR)
y = x2 − 2x K e„ËvKvi  Dce„ËvKvi M mij‡iLv N eµ‡iLv
15. y = 0 n‡j, x Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g) 21. mgxKiYwUi g~j KqwU? (mnR)
 2, 0 L 1, 2 M 3, 4 N 5, 2
K 1wU  2wU M 3wU N 4wU
16. mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ †Kvb cÖK…wZi n‡e? (mnR)
 Dce„Ë L cive„Ë M e„Ë N eM©

22. y = ax2 + bx + c mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ x-Aÿ‡K ¯úk© Ki‡j  y
L y
1
Gi g~j¸‡jv wKiƒc? 1 X X
K Aev¯Íe  mgvb M N
y y
−1
M wecixZ wPýwewkó N0 −1 X X
23. ax + bx + c = 0 wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi †jLwPÎ x- Aÿ‡K

2 28. GKwU abvZ¥K ALÊ msL¨vi 5 ¸Y Zvi e‡M©i wØ¸Y A‡cÿv 3
me©vwaK KZ evi †Q` Ki‡Z cv‡i? Kg n‡j msL¨vwU KZ?
K1 3 M2 N5
K1 2 M3 N AmsL¨
29. x2 − 4x + 4 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi †jLwPÎ x Aÿ‡K KZevi †Q`
24. y = ax2 + bx + c mgxKiYwU x-Aÿ‡K †Q` ev ¯úk© bv Ki‡j K‡i?
Gi g~j Kxiƒc? K0 L1 2 N AmsL¨
K Ag~j` L ev¯Íe  Aev¯Íe N †bB 30. y = x2 + 4x + 1 dvsk‡bi †jLwPÎ Kxiƒc?
25. y2 + 25x = 0 mgxKi‡Yi †jLwPÎ †KvbwU? K e„Ë L Dce„Ë  cive„Ë N Awae„Ë
 e„Ë L Dce„Ë M cive„Ë N Awae„Ë 31. y = x2 − x − 12 mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎÑ
26. y = (x − 2)2 mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ y- Aÿ‡K †Kvb we›`y‡Z †Q` i. `yBwU we›`y‡Z x Aÿ‡K †Q` K‡i
ii. y Aÿ‡K (0, − 12) we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i
K‡i?
iii. x = − 12 mgxKiYwUi GKwU mgvavb
K (4, 0)  (0, 4) M (0, − 4) N (4, 4)
27. y = 2x2 mgxKi‡Yi †jLwPÎ wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
G A a¨v‡q i c vV mg wš^Z e nyw be©v Pwb cÖ‡ kœv Ëi

e¨vL¨v : †jL †_‡K †`Lv hvq †h, (i) I (ii) bs mZ¨| Avevi, mgxKi‡Yi
†jL x-Aÿ‡K ¯úk© Ki‡j Gi mgvavb ev¯Íe I mgvb n‡e Ges x-A‡ÿi
32. cv‡ki †jLwPÎwU− mv‡_ ¯úk© we›`yi fzR n‡jv mgvavb|
i. x Aÿ‡K (3, 0) we›`y‡Z ¯úk© K‡i (iii) bs mwVK|
ii. y A‡ÿi abvZ¥K As‡k we¯Í„Z 33. GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ cÖ‡¯’i 3 ¸Y| AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj
iii. †h mgxKi‡Yi Zvi mgvavb x = 3, 3
363 eM©wgUvi n‡j−
Y
i. ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ h_vµ‡g 33 wgUvi I 11 wgUvi
X
ii. KY© 1210 wgUvi
O (3.0)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) iii. cwimxgv 88 wgUvi

 i I ii L ii I iii wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
M i I iii N i, ii I iii K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii  i, ii I iii
34. x2 = 3x + 2y I y2 = 3y + 2x n‡j−
i. − = x − y
x2 y2 ii. x + y = 1 18yx − y2x = 81 ............ (i)
iii. y2 − x2 = x − y 3x = y2 ................(ii) }
GKwU mgxKiY †RvU|
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb) 45. (i) mgxKiY n‡Z wb‡Pi †KvbwU cvIqv hvq? (ga¨g)
 i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii  yx = 9 L yx = 9 M yx = 3 N y2 = 3x
1−x
35. 4 = 4 = n‡j−
1+x e¨vL¨v : 18yx − y2x − 81 = 0
 {(yx)2 − 2.yx.9 − 92} = 0
i. 4.4x + 4.4−x = 10 ii. 4(4x + 4−x) = 10  (yx − 9)2 = 0
1  yx = 9
(
iii. 2 4x + x = 10
4 ) 46. x = 2 Gi Rb¨ mgxKiY‡Rv‡U y Gi gvb KZ?
1
(ga¨g)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb) K3 L −3 ±3 N±
3
47. x = −2 n‡j (x, y) = KZ? (ga¨g)
Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 1 1 1
wb‡Pi Z‡_ï wfwË‡Z 36 Ñ 38 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :

K ( ) (
− 2
3
L − 2 −
3 )
M (− 2, 3)  (− 2 ±
3 )
x2 − 6x + 9 = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
x2 + xy + y2 = 3 I x2 − xy + y2 = 7
36. mgxKiYwUi g~j KqwU? (mnR) 48. x2 + y2 = KZ? (ga¨g)
K1 2 M3 N4
K 10 L7 5 N −5
e¨vL¨v : mgxKi‡Yi NvZ hZ g~j msL¨v ZZ 1 wØNvZ mgxKiY e‡j Gi g~j
e¨vL¨v : x2 + xy + y2 = 3 ......................(1)
`ywU n‡e| x2 − xy + y2 = 7 ......................(2)
37. mgxKiYwUi †jL x Aÿ‡K †Kvb we›`y‡Z †Q` Ki‡e? (ga¨g) (1) + (2)  2(x2 + y2) = 10
 x2 + y2 = 5
 (3, 0) L (−3, 0) M (0, 3) N (3, 3)
e¨vL¨v : x2 − 6x + 9 = 0 49. xy = KZ? (ga¨g)
ev, x2 − 3x − 3x + 9 = 0 ev, (x − 3)(x − 3) = 0  x = 3, 3 K ±2  −2 M2 N −4
†h‡nZz mgxKi‡Yi g~j 3 ZvB x Aÿ‡K (3, 0) we›`y‡Z †Q` Ki‡e| e¨vL¨v : (1) − (2)  2xy = −4  xy = − 2
38. mgxKiYwUi Rb¨ Aw¼Z †jLwPÎ †KvbwU? (KwVb) 50. x + y = KZ? (ga¨g)
 Y L Y K0  ±1 M±2 N ±3
9 3 wb‡Pi Z‡_ï wfwË‡Z 51 Ñ 53 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
X X
O O yx = 4 ...........(i)
M Y
3
N
−9
Y
}
y2 = 2x .........(ii) GKwU mgxKiY †RvU|
9
51. (ii) mgxKiY‡K wb‡gœv³ †Kvb Dcv‡q cÖKvk Kiv hvq? (mnR)
−3 X K (yx)2 = 2x L y2 = 22
X
−3 O O 2
−9 x
 (y ) = 22 x N (yx)2 = 2x
e¨vL¨v : y2 = 2x
wb‡Pi Z‡_ï wfwË‡Z 39 Ñ 41 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :  (y2)x = (2x)x
x2 + y2 = 61 Ges xy = − 30 GKwU mgxKiY †RvU  (yx)2 = 2x
2
39. (x − y)2 Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g) 52. x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)

 121 L − 11 M ± 11 N ± 11 K2 L −2 ±2 N 2
e¨vL¨v : (x − y)2 = x2 + y2 − 2xy = 61 + 30 (2) 53. y Gi gvb KZ? (KwVb)
 (x − y)2 = 121
1 1 1
40. (x + y)2 Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g) K 2( ) 2
L − 2
2 ( ) M (− 2, ± 2)  (− 2 ±
2 )
K ±1 1 M −1 N 1 e¨vL¨v : x = 2 n‡j cvB,
e¨vL¨v : (x + y)2 = x2 + 2xy + y2 = 61 + 2.(− 30) = 1 y2 = 4
 y = ±2
41. x = 6 n‡j y Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g) Avevi x = − 2 n‡j cvB,
K5 L −6  −5 N6 y2 = 2−2
e¨vL¨v : †h‡nZz xy = − 30 AZGe, x = 6 n‡j y Gi gvb Aek¨B FYvZ¥K n‡e|  y2 =
1
4
wb‡Pi Z‡_ï wfwË‡Z 42 Ñ 44 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 1
y=±
GKwU AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi cwimxgv 56 wg. Ges KY© 20 wgUvi ˆ`N©¨ 2
x wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’ y wgUvi| wb‡Pi Z‡_ï wfwË‡Z 54 Ñ 56 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
42. cwimxgvi kZ©hy³ mgxKiY †KvbwU? (ga¨g) 64 GKwU exRMwYZxq fMœvsk|
 2(x + y) = 56
729
L x + y = 56
M (x + y) = 126 N x2 + y2 = 56 3
54. fMœvskwU‡K 2 Gi m~P‡K cÖKvk Ki‡j †KvbwU cvIqv hvq? (ga¨g)
e¨vL¨v : cwimxgv = 2 (ˆ`N©¨ + cÖ¯’) = 2(x + y)
43. K‡Y©i †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mZ¨? (KwVb) −6 −6 −6 6
 x2 + y2 = 400 L x2 + y2 = 56
K (32) L (23)  (32) N (23)
M x2 + y2 = 400 N 2(x + y) 3
e¨vL¨v : K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = x2 + y2 = 20 ev, x2 + y2 = 400 55. 2
Gi m~P‡K cÖKvk Ki‡j fMœvskwU wKiƒc n‡e? (ga¨g)
44. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj KZ eM©wgUvi? (KwVb)
K
3− 6  3− 12  3− 18 N  312
 392 L 400 M 360 N 192  2   2 M  2  2
e¨vL¨v : 2(x + y) = 56
3
3 58. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
56. Gi m~P‡K cÖKvk Ki‡j †KvbwU cvIqv hv‡e? (KwVb) a 2x−3 2 2x−3
2 K () 2
=1 L ()a

3−18  3− 12  3−6  318
 2 L  2 M  2
N
 2
2x−3
 (2a) =1 N (2a)2x+3 = 1
e¨vL¨v : a2x−3 = 2−2x+3
wb‡Pi Z‡_ï wfwË‡Z 57 Ñ 59 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : a2x−3
ev, 2−2x+3 = 1
1
23x−5.ax−2 = 2x − 3; 2a1−x; (a  0 Ges a  ) GKwU
m~PK mgxKiY| ev, a2x−3  2−(−2x+3) = 1
2
ev, a2x−3  22x−3 = 1
57. cÖ`Ë m~PK mgxKi‡Yi Av‡jv‡K wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) ev, (2a)2x−3 = 1
 a2x − 3 = 2– 2x + 3 L 22x + 3 = a2x − 3 59. mgxKiYwUi mgvavb KZ? (ga¨g)
M 22x + 3 = a− 2x − 3 N 2−2x − 3 = a− 2x − 3
e¨vL¨v : 2 3 3 2
23x−5.ax−2 = 2x−3.2a1−x Kx=  x= Mx=− N x=−
ax−2 2x−2 3 2 2 3
ev, a1−x = 23x−5 ev, a2x−3 = 2−2x+3
 ÔKÕ bs mZ¨|

œ 1  GKwU msL¨vi eM© msL¨vwUi 5 ¸Y †_‡K 4 Kg|
cÖk-
K. DÏxc‡Ki Z_¨¸‡jvi mvnv‡h¨ mgxKiY MVb Ki| 2
L. m~Î cÖ‡qvM K‡i mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki| 4
M. †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ mgxKiYwU mgvab Ki| 4
K. g‡b Kwi, msL¨vwU x
 mgxKiYwU x2 = 5x − 4
ev, x2 − 5x + 4 = 0
L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB,
x2 − 5x + 4 = 0
GLv‡b, a = 1 Ges b = −5 Ges c = 4
−b b2 − 4ac
 Avgiv Rvwb, x = 2a †`Lv hv‡”Q †jLwU x A‡ÿi Dci (1, 0) I (4, 0) we›`y w`‡q hvq|
5 (−5) − 4.1.4
2 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb x = 1 ev x = 4
=
2.1 œ 2
cÖk- y = ax2 + bx + c GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY x-Gi †h mKj
5  25 − 16 gv‡bi Rb¨ y = 0 A_©vr †jLwPÎ x Aÿ‡K †Q` Ki‡e|
=
2
K. b = c = 0 n‡j, y = Kx n‡e? 2
5 9
=
2 L. †jLwP‡Î x + 2x − 3 = 0 mgvavb Ki|
2 4
53 M. a = 1, b = −5, c = 4 n‡j, mgxKiYwU †jLwP‡Îi
=
2 gva¨‡g mgvavb Ki| 4
5+3 5−3
=
2
,
2
8 2
= , = 4, 1  x = 4, 1
K. DÏxcK n‡Z,
2 2 y = ax2 + bx + c
M. g‡b Kwi, y = x − 5x + 4 2 †h‡nZz b = c = 0
mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU gvb wb‡q myZivs, y = ax2 + 0.x + 0
Zv‡ì Abyiƒc y Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi|  y = ax2
x 0 1 2 2.5 3 4 5 L. g‡b Kwi, y = x2 + 2x − 3
y 4 0 −2 −2.25 −2 0 4 x −5 −3 −2 −1 0 1 −4 3 2
cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb K‡i mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ y 12 0 −3 −4 −3 0 5 12 5
A¼b Kwi| we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb K‡i †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi|
ev, 2 + 2y = 4
ev, 2y = 2
y=1
L. f(x) = 81
x y
3 . 9 = 81
x 2y
ev, 3 . 3 = 34
x y
ev, 3 + 2 = 34
ev, x + 2y = 4
 x = 4 − 2y .......................... (i)
Avevi, †Ìqv Av‡Q,
f(y) = 8
 (2x − y) = 8
ev, 2(4 − 2y) − y = 8 [i Gi gvb ewm‡q]
ev, 8 − 4y − y = 8
†`Lv hvq †jLvwPÎwU x Aÿ‡K (−3, 0) I (1, 0) we›`y‡Z †Q` ev, 5y = 8 − 8
K‡i‡Q| myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = − 3 ev x = 1 y=0
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = − 3, 1 y Gi gvb (i) bs G ewm‡q cvB,
x = 4 − 2.0
M. DÏxcK n‡Z y = ax2 + bx + c
ev, x = 4
†h‡nZz a = 1, b = − 5, c = 4 Gi Rb¨
x=4
y = x2 − 5x + 4
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (4, 0)
x Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y Gi gvb wbY©q K‡i GB
M. †Ìqv Av‡Q, g (x) = 0
mgxKi‡Yi †j‡Li K‡qKwU we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Kwi :
 – x2 + 3x − 2 = 0
x 0 1 2 2.5 4 5
g‡b Kwi, y = − x2 + 3x − 2
y 4 0 −2 −2.25 0 4
x Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y Gi gvb wbY©q K‡i cÖ`Ë
Dc‡ii mviwY †_‡K cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R I x Aÿ y Aÿ
eivei ¶z`ªZg e‡M©i 4 Ni GKK a‡i mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ mgxKi‡Yi †j‡Li K‡qKwU we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Kwi :
x 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
A¼b Kwi| y −2 −0.75 0 0.25 0 −0.75 −2
¶z`ªZg 4 eM© = 1 GKK Y
¶z`ªZg 4 Ni = 1 GKK
(1.5,0.25)
(2.5,-0.75)
(1,0)
(2,0)
X
(0.5,-0.75)
(0,2)
(0,-2) (3,-2)
†jLwP‡Î x Aÿ‡K (1, 0) I (4, 0) we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i‡Q| QK KvM‡Ri XOX eivei x Aÿ Ges YOY eivei y Aÿ
myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb, x = 1 ev 4| Ges ¶z`ªZg e‡M©i 4 evûi ˆ`N©¨‡K GKK a‡i cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv
QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb Kwi, mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi|
œ 3  f (x) = 3x.9y Ges f(y) = 2x − y
cÖk- †`Lv hvq †h, †jLwPÎwU x A‡ÿi Dci (1,0) I (2, 0) we›`y
Ges g (x) = − x2 + 3x − 2
K. x = 2 Ges f(x) = 81 n‡j, y Gi gvb KZ? 2 w`‡q †M‡Q|
L. f(x) = 81 Ges f(y) = 8 n‡j, mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui  mgxKiYwU mgvavb, x = 1, ev 2
mgvavb KZ? 4 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 1, 2
M. g (x) = 0 n‡j, †jLvwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ mgxKiYwUi œ 4  ivwkØq jÿ Ki : (x − 1) Ges (x − 4)
cÖk-
mgvavb Ki| 4 K. ivwkØ‡qi ¸Ydj wbY©q Ki| 2
 3 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb  L. cÖvß ¸Ydj k~‡bï mgvb n‡j mgxKiY MVb Ki
x
K. †Ìqv Av‡Q, f(x) = 3 . 9
y Ges cÖvß mgxKiY †_‡K x Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨
y mgxKi‡Yi †j‡Li K‡qKwU we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Ki| 4
81 = 3x. (32)
M. cÖvß gvbmg~n eënvi K‡i †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨
ev, 32. 32y = 34
mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki| 4
ev, 32 + 2y = 34
 4 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb   5 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb 
K. ivwkØ‡qi ¸Ydj (x − 1) (x − 4) K. cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi †jLwPÎ A¼b Ki‡j x Gi †h mKj gv‡bi
= x2 − 4x − x + 4 Rb¨ †jLwPÎwU x Aÿ‡K †Q` Ki‡e x Gi H mKj gvbB
= x2 − 5x + 4 ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwUi mgvavb|
L. cÖvß ¸Ydj k~‡bï mgvb n‡j cÖvß mgxKiY, x2 − 5x + 4 = 0 L. ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Y a = − 1, b = 3 Ges c = − 2 ewm‡q
g‡b Kwi, y = x2 − 5x + 4
cvB, –x2 + 3x − 2 = 0
x Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi:
x 0 1 2 2.5 3 4 5
g‡b Kwi y = –x2 + 3x − 2
y 4 0 −2 −2.25 −2 0 4 GLb, x Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y Gi gvb wbY©q K‡i cÖ`Ë
M. QK KvM‡Ri ¶z`ªZg e‡M©i 5 evûi ˆ`N©¨‡K GKK a‡i ÔLÕ G cÖvß mgxKi‡Yi †j‡Li K‡qKwU we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Kwi :
we›`y¸‡jv ¯’vcb Kwi Ges mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi| x 0 05 1 15 2 25 3
†`Lv hvq †h, †jLwPÎwU x Aÿ‡K (1, 0) I (4, 0) we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i‡Q| y −2 −1, 75 0 025 0 −075 −2
M. QK KvM‡Ri Dfq Aÿ eivei ¶z`ªZg e‡M©i 10 evûi ˆ`N©¨‡K
1 GKK a‡i cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv ¯’vcb K‡i †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi|
†`Lv hvq †h, †jLwPÎwU x-Aÿ‡K (1, 0) I (2, 0) we›`y‡Z †Q`
K‡i‡Q|
(2.5, -0.75)
mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb : x = 1 ev x = 4
œ 5  wØNvZ mgxKiYwU jÿ Ki : ax2 + bc + c = 0
cÖk-
x I y Aÿ eivei ¶z`ªZg 10
K. cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b Ki‡j x Gi †Kvb
eM© Ni = 1 GKK
mKj gvb mgxKiYwUi mgvavb wb‡`©k Ki‡e? 2
L. a = − 1, b = 3 Ges c = − 2 n‡j mgxKiYwU wKiƒc myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 1, x = 2
ùvovq? cÖvß mgxKi‡Yi †j‡Li K‡qKwU we›`yi
¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Ki| 4
M. †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki| 4

œ 6  GKwU msL¨vi e‡M©i wØ¸Y msL¨vwUi
cÖk- ¸Y †_‡K 3 Kg|
5 3x2 − 5x − 3 = 0
wKš‘ H msL¨vi e‡M©i 3 ¸Y msL¨vwUi 5 ¸Y †_‡K 3 †ewk| DcwiD³ mgxKiY‡K wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi mvaviY iƒc
K. DÏxc‡Ki Z_¨¸‡jvi mvnv‡h¨ mgxKiY MVb Ki| 2 ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB,
L. m~Î cÖ‡qvM K‡i 2q mgxKiYwUi mgvavb Ki| 4 a = 3, b = − 5 Ges c = − 3
M. 1g mgxKiYwU †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ mgvavb Ki| 4 Avgiv Rvwb,

wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq,
−b b2 − 4ac
K. awi, msL¨vwU = x x=
2a
cÖkœg‡Z, − (−5)  (−5)2 − 43(−3)
2x2 = 5x − 3 =
23
[gvb ewm‡q]
2x2 − 5x + 3 = 0 5  25 + 36 5  61
Ges 3x2 = 5x + 3 =
6
=
6
 3x2 − 5x − 3 = 0 5 + 61 5 − 61
2x2 − 5x + 3 = 0 I 3x2 − 5x − 3 = 0 (Ans.) mgxKiYwUi GKwU g~j 6
Ges AciwUi 6 (Ans.)
L. ÔKÕ n‡Z cvB, 2q mgxKiYwU, M. ÔKÕ n‡Z cvB, 1g mgxKiYwU,
2x2 − 5x + 3 = 0
awi, (2.5, 3)
y = 2x2 − 5x + 3 ..................(i)
x-Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y-Gi gvb wbY©q K‡i (i) bs
mgxKi‡Yi †j‡Li K‡qKwU we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Kwi|
x 25 1 15 0 3 4 (1, 0) (1.5, 0)
y 3 0 0 3 6 15
QK †_‡K cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv n‡jv :
(1, 0), (3, 6), (4, 15), (0, 3) (15, 0) I (25, 3)|
GLb, XOX eivei X-Aÿ, YOY eivei Y Aÿ I O
g~jwe›`y| QK KvM‡Ri ¶z`ªZg e‡M©i 4 evûi ˆ`N©¨‡K GKK †jLwPÎ †_‡K †`Lv hvq, eµ‡iLvwU x Aÿ‡K x = 1 Ges
a‡i we›`y¸‡jv ¯’vcb Kwi Ges ci¯úi †hvM Kwi| x=
3
we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i‡Q|
2
3
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 1, 2

œ 7  x2 – 4x + 3 = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
cÖk- œ 8  x2 + 8x + 16 = 0
cÖk-
K. mgxKi‡Yi g~j KqwU I Kx Kx wbY©q Ki| 2 K. mgxKiYwUi mgvavb Ki| 2
L. mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ †j‡Li K‡qKwU we›`yi L. †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ †j‡Li K‡qKwU we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Ki| 4
M. mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b K‡i †jLwPÎ †_‡K mgvavb wbY©q Ki| 4
¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Ki| 4
DËi : K. x = 4
M. mgxKiYwUi †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ mgvavb Ki| 4 L. x −5 −4 −3 −2 −1
DËi : K. x = 3 ev 1 y 1 0 1 4 9
M. x = − 4
Aa¨vq mgwš^Z m„R bkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb

œ 9  x GKwU msL¨v hvi eM© 8.
cÖk-  mgxKiYwUi g~jØq ev¯Íe, Amgvb I Ag~j` n‡e|
K. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY MVb Ki| 2 −b b2 − 4ac
Avevi, mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 2a
L. cÖvß mgxKi‡Yi wbðvq‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ mgxKiYwUi
0  32
g~‡ji cÖK…wZ wbY©q Ki Ges m~‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ =
21
mgxKiYwUi g~jØq wbY©q Ki| 4  32 2 8
M. †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ mgxKiYwUi g~jØq wbY©q K‡i = =
2 2
Gi mZ¨Zv hvPvB Ki| 4 = 8=2 2
 9 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb  GLv‡b, − 8 = 0 mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x = 2 2 I − 2 2
x2
hviv, ev¯Íe, Amgvb I Ag~j`|
K. †Ìqv Av‡Q, x msL¨vwUi eM© 8 M. GLv‡b, x2 = 8
 x2 = 8  x2 − 8 = 0
ev, x2 − 8 = 0 g‡b Kwi, y = x2 − 8 .................(i)
GwUB wb‡Y©q wØNvZ mgxKiY| me©wbgœ we›`yi Rb¨ y = x2 − 8
L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY x2 − 8 = 0 ..................(i) (x − 0)2 − 8
ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB,  x = 0 n‡j y = − 8
a = 1, b = 0 , c = − 8  †gvPo we›`y (0, − 8)
 mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK = b2 − 4ac (i) bs mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU gvb
= 02 − 4.1 (−8) = 32 wb‡q Zv‡ì Abyiƒc y Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi :
GLv‡b, cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK 32, hv k~b¨ A‡cÿv eo x −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3
wKš‘ c~Y©eM© bq| y 1 −4 −7 −8 −7 −4 1
mviwY‡Z cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡Ri ¯’vcb K‡i mgxKiYwUi ev, − 2x2 + 19x − 30 = 0
†jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi|  2x2 − 19x + 30 = 0 (†`Lv‡bv n‡jv)
Y
M. ÔLÕ †_‡K cvB,
2x2 − 19x + 30 = 0
g‡b Kwi, y = 2x2 − 19x + 30
X X
ZLb x-Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y Gi gvb wbY©q K‡i
†jLwP‡Îi Rb¨ K‡qKwU we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Kwi|
x 15 2 3 4 5 6 7 75 8
(0, −8) y 6 0 −9 −14 −15 −12 −5 0 6
Y
QK KvM‡R ¶z`ªZg 2 Ni mgvb 1 GKK a‡i we›`y¸‡jv ¯’vcb
†`Lv hvq †h, †jLwPÎwU x-Aÿ‡K (− 28, 0) I (28,0) we›`y‡Z
Kwi| †`Lv hvq †h, †jLwPÎwU x Aÿ‡K (2, 0) I (75, 0)
†Q` K‡i|
we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i|
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = − 28 (cÖvq), 28 (cÖvq) (Ans.)
œ 10  (2x + 3) (y − 1) = 14
cÖk-
Ges (x − 3) (y − 2) = − 1 GKwU `yB PjKwewkló mgxKiY †RvU|
K. cÖ_g mgxKiY †_‡K y Gi gvb‡K x Gi gva¨‡g
cÖKvk Ki| 2
L. cÖvß y †K wØZxq mgxKi‡Y cÖwZ¯’vcb K‡i †`LvI
†h, 2x2 − 19x + 30 = 0 4
M. †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ ÔLÕ G cÖvß mgxKiYwU‡K
mgvavb Ki| 4
K. †Ìqv Av‡Q, 
(2x + 3) (y − 1) = 14 ...................(i)
(x − 3) (y − 2) = − 1 ...................(ii)
(i) bs †_‡K cvB, myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb, x = 2 ev, x = 75.
(2x + 3) (y − 1) = 14 œ 11  x2 − 4x + 4 = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
cÖk-
14
ev, y − 1 = 2x + 3 K. mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK KZ? 2
14 L. wbðvq‡Ki gvb †_‡K g~‡ji cÖK…wZ wbY©q Ki Ges
y= +1
2x + 3 mgxKiYwU mgvavb K‡i Gi mZ¨Zv hvPvB Ki| 4
L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, M. cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ mgvavb K‡i
y=
14
+ 1 ...................(iii)
M„nxZ wm×v‡šÍi mZ¨Zv hvPvB Ki| 4
2x + 3
(iii) bs †_‡K cÖvß y Gi gvb (ii) mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,  11 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb 
(x − 3) (2x14+ 3 + 1 − 2) = − 1 K. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY x2 − 4x + 4 = 0 .....................(i)
(i) bs mgxKiY‡K wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi Av`k©iƒc
14
ev, (x − 3) (2x + 3 − 1) = − 1 ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB,
14 − 2x − 3 a = 1, b = − 4, c = 4
ev, (x − 3)  2x + 3  = − 1
 wbðvqK = b2 − 4ac
(x − 3)(11 − 2x)
ev, =−1 = (− 4)2 − 441
(2x + 3)
= 16 − 16 = 0 (Ans.)
ev, (x − 3)(11 − 2x) = − (2x + 3)
ev, 11x − 2x2 − 33 + 6x = − 2x − 3 L. x2 − 4x + 4 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi wbðvqK = 0
ev, − 2x2 + 17x − 33 + 2x + 3 = 0
Avgiv Rvwb, †Kv‡bv wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi wbðvq‡Ki gvb k~b¨ 4+2 4−2
= ev, 2
(0) n‡j Gi g~jØq ev¯Íe I mgvb n‡e| 2
6 2
−b b2 − 4ac = ev,
GLb, mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 2a
2 2
= 3 ev, 1
− (− 4)  0
x=
21
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 1 ev, 3
4+0 4−0 M. awi, y = x2 − 4x + 3
ev, = x = 2 , 2
 x = 2, 2 GLb x-Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y-Gi gvb wbY©q K‡i cÖ`Ë
A_©vr g~jØq mgvb|  mZ¨Zv hvPvB n‡jv| mgxKi‡Yi †j‡Li K‡qKwU we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Kwi :
M. g‡b Kwi, y = x2 − 4x + 4 x 1 15 2 25 3 35
x Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y Gi gvb wbY©q K‡i †jLwP‡Îi y 0 −075 −1 −075 0 125
Rb¨ K‡qKwU we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ Kwi : QK KvM‡Ri Dfq Aÿ eivei ¶z`ªZg e‡M©i 4 evûi ˆ`N©¨‡K 1
x 0 1 15 2 25 3 4 GKK a‡i cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv ¯’vcb K‡i †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi|
y 4 1 025 0 025 1 4
Dc‡ii mviwY n‡Z cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb K‡i
mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi| †jLwP‡Î †`Lv hvq †h GwU x
Aÿ‡K (2, 0) we›`y‡Z ¯úk© K‡i‡Q| †h‡nZz wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi
`yBwU g~j _v‡K, †m‡nZz mgxKiYwUi mgvavb n‡e x = 2, x = 2
œ 12  GKwU msL¨vi e‡M©i †_‡K msL¨vwUi Pvi ¸Y we‡qvM K‡i

cÖk- †jLwPÎ †_‡K †`Lv hvq †h, x-Aÿ‡K (1, 0) I (3, 0) we›`y‡Z
3 †hvM Ki‡j msL¨vwUi gvb k~b¨ nq| †Q` K‡i‡Q| †h‡nZz wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi 2wU mgvavb _v‡K|
K. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K x PjK a‡i mgxKiY MVb Ki| 2 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 1 ev, 3
L. mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki (m~Î cÖ‡qvM K‡i)| 4
ÔLÕ †_‡K cÖvß g~j I ÔMÕ Gi †jLwPÎ †_‡K cÖvß g~j mgvb|
M. mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b K‡i mgvav‡bi mZ¨Zv
hvPvB Ki| 4 AZGe, mgxKiYwUi mgvav‡bi mZ¨Zv hvPvB Kiv n‡jv|
 12 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb  œ 13  f(x) = x3 − 6x2 + 11x – 6
cÖk-
K. awi, msL¨vwU x P(x) = x2 − 9x − 6
cÖkœg‡Z, x2 − 4x + 3 = 0 3 3
Q(x) = 1 + x + 1 – x)
L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cÖvß mgxKiYwU, K. A = {x : x  N Ges f(x) = 0} n‡j n(A) = KZ? 2
x2 − 4x + 3 = 0 P(x)
ev, 1.x2 + (− 4) x + 3 = 0 L. f(x)
†K AvswkK fMœvs‡k cÖKvk Ki| 4
GLv‡b, a = 1, b = −4 I c = 3 3
Avgiv Rvwb, M. Q(x) = 2 n‡j mgvavb †mU wbY©q Ki| 4
x=
− (−4)  (−4)2 − 4.1.3  13 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb 
2.1
4 16 − 12 K. †Ìqv Av‡Q, A = {x : x  N Ges f(x) = 0}
=
2 Ges f(x) = x3 − 6x2 + 11x – 6
4 4 GLb, f(x) = 0
=
2
42 GLb, f(1) = 13 − 612 + 111 – 6 = 0
= f(2) = 23 − 622 + 112 – 6 = 0
2
f(3) = 33 − 632 + 113 – 6 = 0
 f(x) = (x − 1) (x − 2) (x − 3) Ges x = 3 n‡j (ii) n‡Z cvB,
 A = {1, 2, 3} 32 − 9.3 − 6 = A.0 + B.0 + C(3 – 1) (3 – 2)
myZivs n(A) = 3 (Ans.) ev, 9 – 27 – 6 = 2.1.C
P(x) x2 − 9x – 6 ev, 2C = –24
L. f(x) = (x − 1) (x − 2) (x − 3) [ÔKÕ n‡Z]  C = –12
x2 − 9x − 6 A B C GLb, A, B I C Gi gvb (i)-G ewm‡q cvB,
awi, (x − 1) (x − 2) (x – 3)  x − 1 + x − 2 + x − 3 ........ (i)
x2 − 9x – 6 –7 20 –12
= + +
ev, x2 − 9x – 6  A (x − 2) (x − 3) + B (x − 1) (x − 3) + (x − 1) (x − 2) (x − 3) x – 1 x – 2 x − 3
C(x − 1) (x – 2) ........ (ii) P(x) –7 20 12
 = + −
[Dfqcÿ‡K (x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3) Øviv ¸Y K‡i] f(x) x – 1 x − 2 x – 3
GLb, x = 1, (ii) G emvB, BnvB wb‡Y©q AvswkK fMœvskiƒ‡c cÖKvk| (Ans.)
12 − 9.1 – 6 = A (1 – 2) (1 − 3) + B.0 + C.0 M. †Ìqv Av‡Q,
ev, 1 – 9 – 6 = A.(–1) (–2)
3 3 3
ev, 2A = –14 Q(x) = 1+x+ 1 – x Ges Q(x) = 2
 A = –7 3 3 3
Avevi, x = 2 n‡j (ii) n‡Z cvB, Zvn‡j, 1+x+ 1–x= 2
1 1 1
22 − 9.2 − 6 = A.0 + B(2 − 1) (2 − 3) + C.0
ev, (1 + x) + (1 – x) = 2
3 3 3
ev, 4 – 18 – 6 = B (1)(–1)
Gici Abykxjbx 5.2 Gi D`vniY-6 Gi mgvavb †`L|
ev, –B = –20
 B = 20

H Math Chapter-5-69

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H Math Chapter-5-69

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beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ  150

Abykxjbxi cÖkœ I mgvavb

−3 −(−5)  (− 5)2 − 4.2(−1)

mgxKiYwU‡K Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_  x = −7  (7)2 − 4.2(−1) = −7  49 + 8 = −7 57

¸iæZ¡c~Y© enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi

c c c c i. a-Gi gvb k~b¨ n‡Z cv‡i bv

K 1+y L1− y  1± y N1+ y i. b2 − 4ac > 0 Ges c~Y©eM© n‡e

AwZwi³ enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi

wbe©vwPZ enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi

iii. b2 − 4ac  0 79. Aci g~jwU Kx n‡e?

A byk xj b g ~j K K v‡R i A v‡j v‡K m„R b kxj cÖk œ I mg vavb

K. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY ax2 + bx + c = 0 n‡”Q GK PjK mgwš^Z  x = 0 A_ev x = −

hLb b = c = 0 ZLb, M. GLb, a = 1, b = c = 2p n‡j,

AwZwi³ m„R bkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb

K. mgxKiY Kv‡K e‡j? 2 cÖk-œ 5  ax2 + bx + c = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY| mgxKi‡Yi

wbe©vwPZ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb

m„R bkxj cÖkœe¨vsK DËimn

cvV m¤úwK©Z MyiæZ¡c~Y© welqvw`

Abykxjbxi cÖkœ I mgvavb

ev, 11x − 6 = 4x + 5 + x − 1 − 2 4x + 5 x − 1 ïw× cix¶v : GLb, x = 9 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi

myZivs x = 5 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR| evgc¶ (52) + 4(52) − 4 + (52) + 4 (25) − 10

ev, 2 y − 9 = 6 ev,  x − 1  = 3 () [eM© K‡i]

AwZwi³ enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi

K −5  5 M 4 N 5 22. 2 2x − 1 − 1 = 0 mgxKiYwUi g~j †KvbwU? (mnR)

 −1, 1 L 1,1 M −2, 2 N 2,2

wbe©vwPZ enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi

A byk xj b g ~j K K v‡R i A v‡j v‡K m„R b kxj cÖk œ I mg vavb

AwZwi³ m„R bkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb

m„R bkxj cÖkœe¨vsK DËimn

M. ïw× cixÿv K‡i mgxKiYwUi mZ¨Zv hvPvB Ki| 4

cvV m¤úwK©Z MyiæZ¡c~Y© welqvw`

Abykxjbxi cÖkœ I mgvavb

cÖkœ \ 6 \ = a2x − 5 (a > 0) ev, a2 + 25 = 26a [5x = a awi]

ev, 2a(a − 2) − 1(a − 2) = 0 ev, a(a − 8) − 4(a − 8) = 0

¸iæZ¡c~Y© enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi

AwZwi³ enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi

10. †h mgxKi‡Y AÁvZ PjK m~PKiƒ‡c _v‡K Zv‡K Kx mgxKiY 15. ( 3) = 3

M 28x + 4 = 23x + 9 N 44x + 8 = 49x + 3

54. 729 msL¨vwUi Ñ 64. 3x = p n‡j mgxKiYwU‡K p Gi gva¨‡g Kx n‡e? (ga¨g)

wbe©vwPZ enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi

A byk xj b g ~j K K v‡R i A v‡j v‡K m„R b kxj cÖk œ I mg vavb

AwZwi³ m„R bkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb

x = m nq| GRb¨ cÖ_g mgxKi‡Yi Dfqcÿ‡K GKB msL¨v NvZ ev 3mp−1

†hLv‡b m AÁvZ PjK| 4

K. 3.27x = 9x+4 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : m = p

L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, 4 =4

 wØZxq mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb, cÖ_g mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui

m„R bkxj cÖkœe¨vsK DËimn

M. x Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| 4

cvV m¤úwK©Z MyiæZ¡c~Y© welqvw`

Abykxjbxi cÖkœ I mgvavb

AwZwi³ enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi

wbe©vwPZ enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi

A byk xj b g ~j K K v‡R i A v‡j v‡K m„R b kxj cÖk œ I mg vavb

AwZwi³ m„R bkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb

ev, 7y2 = 14  36 ev, 100x2 − 82x2 − 123xy + 80y2 − 41y2 = 0

m„R bkxj cÖkœe¨vsK DËimn

Abykxjbxi cÖkœ I mgvavb

¸iæZ¡c~Y© enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi

AwZwi³ enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi

wbe©vwPZ enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi

AwZwi³ m„R bkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb

wbe©vwPZ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb

œ 8  GKwU AvqZvKvi †ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 300 eM©wgUvi Ges Gi