HTS WITBANK

NATIONAL SENIOR
CERTIFICATE

GRADE 10

PHYSICAL SCIENCES

PAPER 2

NOVEMBER 2023

MARKS: 120
TIME: 2 UUR

This paper consists of 11 pages and an information sheet.

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Physical Sciences/P2 2 November 2023

Examinator: M.Cilliers Moderator: M.Paxton

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION:

1. Write your name, surname and teacher's surname on your answer sheet.
2. Answer all questions on your ANSWERSHEET.
3. Neatness and accuracy will count in your favour.
4. FORMULA SHEETS are attached at the back of this question paper.
5. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
question paper.
6. You may use a non-programmable CALCULATOR.
7. Show ALL FORMULAS and substitutions in ALL CALCULATIONS.
8. Round off all numerical answers to a minimum of TWO DECIMAL PLACES.
QUESTION 1:
Various options are given as possible answers to the following questions. Choose
the correct answer and write only the letter (A-D) next to the question numbers (1.1
to 1.10) on the answer sheet, e.g. 1.11 A.
1.1 The term given to a solid that has the ability to be hammered into a thin sheet
is ____.
A. stretchable
B. brittle
C. malleable
D. strength (2)

1.2 Which ONE of the following is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?

A. Distilled water
B. Cement
C. Milk
D. Ice (2)

1.3 The formula NO3– represents a _____.

A. nitrite ion
B. nitride ion
C. nitrate ion
D. molecule (2)

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Physical Sciences/P2 3 November 2023

1.4 Which property is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a
monster?
A. Mass
B. Temperature
C. Heat
D. Density (2)

1.5 Which ONE of the following represents a fluorine isotope?

19
A. 10𝑋
9
B. 19𝑋
20
C. 9𝑋
20
D. 11𝑋 (2)

1.6 Which one of the following electron configurations is wrong?

A. Aℓ = [Ne] 3s23p1
B. Cℓ- = [Ne] 3s23p4
C. Mg2+ = 1s22s22p6
D. Mg = 1s22s22p63s2 (2)

1.7 Consider the diagram representing the bond between hydrogen and chlorine:

What is the name of the chemical bond taking place?

A. Covalent bond
B. Ionic bonding
C. Metal bonding
D. None of the above (2)

1.8 Which statement represents a chemical change?

A. Alcohol evaporation.
B. Water vapour becomes snowflakes.
C. Table salt is ground to a fine powder.
D. Glucose (C6H12O6) changes to CO2 and H2O. (2)

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Physical Sciences/P2 4 November 2023

1.9 Study the following unbalanced equation:

PCl5 + H2O → H3PO4 + HCl

Which ONE of the following represents the coefficients of the equation when it
is balanced?
PCl5 H2O H3PO4 HCl
A. 4 2 2 1
B. 1 4 1 5
C. 1 4 2 2
D. 1 4 1 4
(2)
1.10 Which ONE of the following represents 1 mol of a substance?
A. 18g Oxygen gas
B. 24,2 dm3 Nitrogen gas
C. 6,02 x 1023 sodium atoms in Na2SO4.
D. 2g Hydrogen gas (2)
[20]

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Physical Sciences/P2 5 November 2023

QUESTION 2:
The table shows different items A-F:

Sodium hydroxide

Clean water Breakfast cereal

Bromine

2.1 Define the term heterogeneous mixture. (2)

2.2 Identify the following. Write only the question number and the letter from the
table above, e.g. 2.2.5 F.
2.2.1 A compound. (1)
2.2.2 A homogeneous mixture. (1)
2.2.3 A mixture that is liquid at room temperature. (1)
2.2.4 A conductor of heat and electricity. (1)

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Physical Sciences/P2 6 November 2023

2.3 It is sometimes necessary to separate mixtures into their components. Four

separation methods are summarized in the table below.
Method A Filtration of a muddy water mixture.
Method B Distillation of a water-ethanol mixture to remove the water.
Ethanol boils at 78°C and water boils at 100°C at sea level.
(Distillation is the process by which a liquid is heated to form a
vapor which is then condensed.)
Method C Separation of salt and iron filings using a magnet.
Method D Separation of a water-sunflower oil mixture using
make a separatory funnel. The sunflower oil is LESS dense than
water.

2.3.1 Consider method B.

a) What phase change occurs when water boils? (1)
b) Which one of water or ethanol has the weakest forces of
attraction between their molecules?
Give a reason for your answer. (2)
2.3.2 Consider method C. What property of the components in this
mixture enables the separation method? (2)

2.3.3 Consider method D.

a) Which liquid forms the top layer in the water-sunflower oil

mixture? Give a reason for your answer. (2)

b) Which one of 250 ml of water or 250 ml of sunflower oil has the

largest mass?
Explain your answer by referring to density. (3)
[16]

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Physical Sciences/P2 7 November 2023

QUESTION 3:

Study the following heating curve of a substance and answer the questions that
follow:
Temperature (℃)

Time (in minutes)

3.1 Define the term boiling point. (2)

3.2 Identify the independent variable. (1)
3.3 Identify:
a) the process that takes place in segment CD. (1)
b) the segment where the substance changes to a liquid. (1)
3.4 Draw the particle model of the substance at point E. (1)
3.5 Describe what happens during segment A – B according to the kinetic
molecular theory. (3)
3.6 At what temperature does the substance begin to boil? (1)
3.7 In what phase is the substance at:
a) 101℃ (1)
b) At room temperature (25℃) (1)
3.8 What happens to the temperature of the substance during a phase change?
Write down only INCREASE, DECREASE or STAY THE SAME and give a
reason for your answer. (2)
[14]

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Physical Sciences/P2 8 November 2023

QUESTION 4:
4.1 The element silicon is found in nature in the form of three isotopes, with the
percentages in which they occur, as indicated below.
28Si 29Si 30Si

92,23% 4,67% 3,10%

4.1.1 Define the term atomic number. (2)

4.1.2 Which one of these isotopes is the heaviest? Give a reason for your
answer. (2)
4.1.3 Calculate the relative atomic mass of silicon. (3)

4.2 Study the table below. Some of the values in the table have been omitted.
Write the letter (A – E) on your answer sheet and the answer next to the letter.
Example a) Isotopes. (5)
NO. OF NO. OF ATOMIC- MASS-
PROTONS ELECTRONS NUMBER NUMBER
Phosphorous 15 A 15 B
ion
Chrome C D E 52

4.3 The sp-notation of an unknown element X is shown below.

1s22s22p63s2
For element X, write the:
4.3.1 Amount of valence electrons. (1)
4.3.2 Period where this element appears on the periodic table. (1)
4.3.3 Highest sub-energy level (orbital) in which electrons occur. (1)
4.3.4 Symbol. (1)
4.3.5 Die sp-notation of the ion of element X. (1)

4.4 Butane gas (𝐶4 𝐻10 ) is used as fuel in cigarette lighters. when butane burns, it
reacts with the oxygen gas in the atmosphere to form carbon dioxide and
water.
4.4.1 Butane has a covalent molecular structure. Which other
substance/substances mentioned above are also classified as covalent
molecular structures? (1)
4.1.2 Draw a Lewis diagram of a water molecule. (2)

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Physical Sciences/P2 9 November 2023

4.1.3 Write a balanced chemical equation for the above reaction. (2)
[22]
QUESTION 5:
Consider the following reaction:
Pb(NO3)2 + H2S → PbS + 2HNO3
5.1 Write down the chemical name of Pb(NO3)2. (1)
5.2 Classify the above reaction as synthesis or decomposition reaction. (1)
5.3 Calculate the total relative atomic mass of the reagents. (2)
5.4 Calculate the total relative atomic mass of the products. (2)

5.5 Which law is demonstrated by your calculations in Questions 5.3 and 5.4? (1)
[7]

QUESTION 6:

6,7g Na2CO3 is dissolved in enough water to prepare 250cm3 solution.

6.1 Define the term concentration. (2)

6.2 Calculate the concentration of Na2CO3. (5)
[7]
QUESTION 7:

7.1 Nicotine is a toxic substance found in tobacco leaves, which contains 74%
carbon, 8.65% hydrogen and 17.3% nitrogen.

7.1.1 Define the term empirical formula. (2)

7.1.2 Determine the empirical formula of nicotine. (5)

7.1.3 Calculate the molecular formula if the molar mass of nicotine is

162g.mol-1. (3)

7.2 Calculate the percentage composition of oxygen in the following compounds:

7.2.1 Al(OH)3 (2)

7.2.2 (NH4)2CO3 (2)
[14]

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Physical Sciences/P2 10 November 2023

QUESTION 8:

10,6g Sodium carbonate reacts completely with an excess of hydrochloric acid as

indicated in the following balanced equation.

Na2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O

8.1 Define the term one mole. (2)

8.2 Calculate the following:
8.2.1 Number of moles of sodium carbonate reacted. (3)
8.2.2 Mass of sodium chloride produced. (5)
8.2.3 Volume (in dm3) carbon dioxide produced at STP. (5)
8.2.4 Number of hydrogen molecules produced. (5)
[20]

TOTAL: 120

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Physical Sciences/P2 11 November 2023

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Physical Sciences/P2 12 November 2023

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