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Foundations of Earth Science, 7e (Lutgens)
Chapter 10 The Restless Ocean
10.1 Multiple Choice
1) Which of the following is correct regarding a wave in the open ocean?

A) Water particles move vertically in circular orbital motion.
B) Water particles move in a straight line, in the same direction that the wave is moving.
C) Water particles move in a straight line, in the opposite direction that the wave is moving.
D) Water particles move in an almost circular horizontal path.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
2) When waves reach shallow water they tend to be ________, which makes them become
parallel to the shore.
A) reflected
B) refracted
C) translated
D) eroded
Answer: B
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
3) The height, length, and period of a wave depend upon ________.

A) the length of time the wind has blown
B) the wind speed
C) the fetch
D) all of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.4
4) Waves begin to "feel bottom" when the depth of water is ________.

A) equal to one-half the wavelength
B) equal to the wavelength
C) twice as great as the wavelength
D) equal to the fetch
Answer: A
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.4
1
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
5) Longshore currents and beach drift ________.
A) move in opposite directions
B) both have net movement that is parallel to the shore
C) are oriented at 90° to each other
D) are found only in deep water, and never close to the shore
Answer: B
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.5
6) You visit a coastal area for the first time. You note the presence of marine terraces, sea stacks,
and sea arches. Based on these features, the area is likely to be ________.
A) experiencing a spring tide
B) in need of beach nourishment
C) an emergent coast
D) a submergent coast
Answer: C
Diff: 2
LO/Section: 10.8
Bloom's Taxonomy: Analysis
7) Which of the following shoreline features is a result of erosion?

A) spit
B) estuary
C) tombolo
D) sea arch
Answer: D
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.6
8) Chesapeake Bay and Delaware Bay are ________.

A) associated with a submergent coast
B) former river valleys that were flooded by a rise in sea level
C) excellent examples of large estuaries
D) all of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.8
2
9) One result of wave refraction is that wave energy is concentrated ________.
A) on headlands projecting into the water
B) on tombolos
C) in bays, coves, and other recessed areas between headlands
D) on spits
Answer: A
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.6
10) Waves approaching a beach at an oblique angle ________.

A) cause beach drift
B) cause hard stabilization
C) cause coasts to switch from submergence to emergence
D) make tides rise and fall
Answer: A
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.5
11) Which of the following shoreline features is a result of deposition?

A) barrier island
B) sea stack
C) wave-cut platform
D) marine terrace
Answer: A
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.6
12) Fetch is ________.

A) a method of shoreline erosion control
B) the distance between the trough of a wave and the still water level
C) the circular pattern made by water particles when a wave passes
D) the distance over which the wind blows over open water
Answer: D
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.4
3
13)
Examine the figure. Of the three forms of hard stabilization illustrated here, which one is the
groin?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) none of these is a groin
Answer: B
Diff: 2
LO/Section: 10.7
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
14) One disadvantage of beach nourishment as compared to hard stabilization is ________.

A) beach nourishment is permanent
B) hard stabilization may increase erosion
C) beach nourishment is expensive
D) hard stabilization makes the coast more scenic for recreation
Answer: C
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.7
4
15) Which of the following is an example of "hard stabilization" designed to prevent or retard
shoreline erosion?
A) seawall
B) groin
C) breakwater
D) all of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.7
16) ________ are huge circular-moving current systems that dominate the surface of the ocean
within an ocean basin.
A) Tombolos
B) Gyres
C) Coriolis
D) Upwellings
Answer: B
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.1
17) The center of each of Earth's five major gyres is found at about ________ latitude.
A) 0° (the equator)
B) 30°
C) 60°
D) 90°
Answer: B
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.1
18) In the Northern Hemisphere, the Coriolis effect causes surface currents in the ocean to be
deflected slightly ________ compared to the winds that cause them.
A) to the left
B) to the right
C) to the north
D) to the south
Answer: B
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.1
5
19) The energy that drives surface ocean currents such as the Gulf Stream comes from
________.
A) the Coriolis effect
B) salinity variations
C) temperature differences
D) prevailing wind patterns
Answer: D
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.1
20) The daily tidal range is of the least magnitude during ________.
A) the daytime
B) spring tides
C) neap tides
D) slack water
Answer: C
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.9
21) Erosional retreat of a(n) ________ leads to enlargement and extension of a wave-cut
platform in the inland direction.
A) wave-cut cliff
B) marine terrace
C) sea arch
D) spit
Answer: A
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.6
22) Large estuaries are more common on a(n) ________ coastline.

A) emergent
B) submergent
C) stable
D) eroding
Answer: B
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.8
6
23) A ________ is an isolated remnant of bedrock standing above a wave-cut platform.
A) sea arch
B) sea stack
C) marine terrace
D) wave-cut cliff
Answer: B
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.6
24) Upwelling, the rising of water from deeper layers of the ocean, is a wind-induced movement
that brings ________ water to the surface.
A) cold, nutrient-rich
B) cold, nutrient-poor
C) warm, nutrient-rich
D) warm, nutrient-poor
Answer: A
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.2
7
25)
Examine the satellite view of chlorophyll concentrations in the southern Atlantic Ocean along
the southwest coast of Africa (the nations of Namibia and South Africa). Which of the following
statements offers the best explanation for the observed pattern(s)?
A) This is an area of downwelling, where water is sinking due to the higher density it gains when
sea ice forms and salinity increases.
B) This is an area of upwelling, where nutrient-rich water is rising due to winds blowing over the
ocean's surface.
C) This is an area of shallow water and waves breaking as they "feel bottom."
D) The coast is a "dead zone," an area of very low biological activity.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
LO/Section: 10.2
8
10.2 True-False
1) To measure wave period, the best tool to use would be a ruler.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
LO/Section: 10.4
2) Tidal flats are submerged during ebb tide.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.9
3) Waves begin to "feel bottom" at a depth that is about one-half their wavelength.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.4
4) A baymouth bar is an example of "hard stabilization," a feature constructed by people to

control wave erosion.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.6
5) Although the Sun influences the tides, its gravitational effect is considerably less than the
effect of the Moon.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.9
6) Deep ocean currents are driven by thermohaline circulation, rather than prevailing winds.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.2
7) Marine terraces in coastal California are evidence that this coastal area is emergent.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
LO/Section: 10.8
9
8) Barrier islands are common on the Gulf Coast but rare or absent along the Pacific Coast of the
United States.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.6
9) The largest daily tidal range occurs in association with spring tides.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.9
10) Groins are constructed for the purpose of maintaining or widening beaches that are losing
sand.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.7
11) Spring tides occur in conjunction with the full Moon or the new Moon.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.9
12) As the tide rises, water flows in toward the shore as the ebb tide.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.9
13) Beach drift and longshore currents only develop when waves' direction of approach is
perpendicular to the shoreline.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.5
14) When viewed from above, the North Atlantic Gyre displays a clockwise sense of motion.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.1
10
15) Cold currents can trigger desertification because they stabilize air that might otherwise rise
and generate precipitation.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.1
10.3 Fill in the Blank
1) The ________ is the distance the wind has traveled across open water.
Answer: fetch
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.2
2) ________ are large circular-moving currents of water within an ocean basin.

Answer: Gyres
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.1
3) A shoreline is a(n) ________, a common boundary where different parts of a system interact.
Answer: interface
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.3
4) Turbulent water created by breaking waves is known as ________.

Answer: surf
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.4
5) Currents within the surf zone that flow parallel to the shore are known as ________ currents.
Answer: longshore
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.5
11
6)
Examine the map shown in the figure. If you were to go swimming in the ocean along this
shoreline, which way would the longshore current carry you? ________
Answer: east (or "right," depending on whether the instructor feels generous)
Diff: 2
LO/Section: 10.5
7) Breakwaters, sea walls, and groins are all examples of ________.

Answer: hard stabilization
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.8
12
8)
Does this photograph show a tombolo, a barrier island, a sea arch, or a marine terrace? ________
Answer: barrier island
Diff: 2
LO/Section: 10.6
9) As a deep-water wave enters shallow water, the part of the wave in the most shallow water
slows down. The deeper-water portion of the wave crest keeps moving at a relatively rapid
speed. This wave refraction causes the entire wave crest to progressively rotate toward being
________ with the shoreline.
Answer: parallel
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.5
13
10) If uplift of the land occurs, a wave-cut platform may become a new ________.
Answer: marine terrace
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.6
11) ________ is the rising of cold water from deeper layers to replace warmer surface water.
Answer: Upwelling
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.2
12) Because deep ocean circulation is driven largely by variations in water temperature and
salinity, it is also called ________ circulation.
Answer: thermohaline
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.2
13) ________ are low-lying zones that are alternately covered by water during flood tide and
exposed following ebb tide.
Answer: Tidal flats
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.9
14) A(n) ________ is a place where fresh and salt water mix, such as a drowned river valley
along a submergent coast.
Answer: estuary
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.8
15) If a spit grows as it is deposited, and extends completely across the former mouth of an
estuary, separating it from the open sea, it has become a(n) ________.
Answer: baymouth bar
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.6
14
10.4 Matching
Match the items in the first column with the correct descriptions in the second column.
A) building structures along the coastline to prevent movement of sand

B) a deposit of sediment resulting from a flood current passing through an inlet
C) like the Atlantic coast of the United States, an area of sea level rise relative to the land
D) the amount of time it takes for two wave crests to pass the same point
E) like the Pacific coast of the United States, an area of land uplift relative to sea level
F) the sawing and grinding action of water armed with rock fragments
G) pumping sand onto the beach from some other area, temporarily replenishing the sediment
supply
H) the distance from one wave crest to the next
1) abrasion
Diff: 1
LO/Section: 10.5, 10.7
2) wave period
Diff: 1
3) wavelength
Diff: 1
4) hard stabilization
Diff: 1
5) beach nourishment
Diff: 1
6) submergent
Diff: 1
15
7) emergent
Diff: 1
8) tidal delta
Diff: 1
Answers: 1) F 2) D 3) H 4) A 5) G 6) C 7) E 8) B
10.5 Labeling
1) Examine the figure. Identify and label each of the lettered locations with the name of the
shoreline feature shown there.
Answer:
A: spit
B: tombolo
C: baymouth bar
D: sea stack
Diff: 2
LO/Section: 10.6
16
10.6 Essay
Answer the questions in complete sentences. Be complete but concise.
1) Describe some of the options available to people when it comes to coping with erosion along
shorelines.
Answer: Hard stabilization is a term that pertains to any structures built along the coastline to
prevent movement of sand, such as groins, breakwaters, or seawalls. A disadvantage is that often
the installation of hard stabilization actually leads to increased erosion. Beach nourishment is an
expensive alternative to hard stabilization: sand is pumped onto the beach from some other area,
temporarily replenishing the sediment supply. An alternative to hard stabilization and beach
nourishment is relocating buildings away from high-risk areas and leaving the beach to be
shaped by natural processes.
Diff: 3
LO/Section: 10.7
Bloom's Taxonomy: Synthesis
17
2)
Examine the figure and use the information provided there to explain the different temperature
trends seen in Arica and Rio de Janeiro.
Answer: Rio de Janeiro and Arica both lie close to the same 20° south latitude, but Rio is
slightly further south than Arica. Based on this alone, you might expect that Rio would be the
colder of the two locations. However, the temperature data shows the opposite: Arica is colder
by about 5° Celsius in January, and by about 6° or 7° C (11° F) in July. The currents can help
explain this. While the Peru current brings cold water north from the southern Pacific to Arica,
the Brazil current brings warm water south from the equator to Rio.
Diff: 2
LO/Section: 10.1
18
3)
Examine the figure.

Identify the type and describe the tidal patterns observed over the course of a day in three U.S.
cities: San Francisco, California (SF), New Orleans, Louisiana (NO), and New York, New York
(NY).
Answer: New Orleans shows a diurnal pattern, with one high tide and one low tide per day. New
York has a semidiurnal pattern, with two high tides and two low tides per day. San Francisco has
a mixed tidal pattern, with two high tides per day, though they are of different magnitudes.
Diff: 2
LO/Section: 10.9
19
10.7 Critical Thinking
1)
Imagine you are sailing a yacht across the Caribbean. You have to sail through a shallow lagoon
in order to reach port at an island ahead of you. It is night time, and you look up to observe a
"quarter moon," such as the one pictured here.
You know that the lagoon is only safely navigable at high tide during the spring tide. Should you
keep going tonight, or should you wait for a better time? (If so, when?)
Answer: The quarter moon occurs when the Moon and the Sun act on Earth at right angles. We
view the Moon from the side as the Sun shines on it. The quarter moons are an indication that
while the gravity of the Moon is pulling the tides in one direction, the Sun is counteracting that
in part, by pulling in a direction 90° to that. Hence, this quarter moon is an indication of the neap
tides, a time of lesser tidal variation. It will be two weeks until the spring tide, so the lagoon
cannot be safely crossed for a fortnight. We should toss the anchor overboard and wait it out.
Diff: 3
LO/Section: 10.9
Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluation
20
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The Project Gutenberg eBook of Tag und Nacht
This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United
States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with
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eBook.
Title: Tag und Nacht

Der Stunden schneller Wechsellauf vom Morgengrauen
bis Mitternacht
Editor: Ernst Weber
Illustrator: Otto Bauriedl
Release date: January 29, 2024 [eBook #72801]
Language: German
Original publication: München: Georg D. W. Callwey, 1924
Credits: The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at

https://www.pgdp.net
*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TAG UND

NACHT ***
Anmerkungen zur Transkription
Das Original ist in Fraktur gesetzt. Im Original gesperrter Text ist so
ausgezeichnet.
Weitere Anmerkungen zur Transkription befinden sich am Ende des Buches.
Der deutsche Spielmann
Eine Auswahl aus dem Schatze deutscher Dichtung
für Jugend und Volk
Herausgegeben von Dr. Ernst Weber
✥
Tag und Nacht

Der Stunden schneller Wechsellauf
vom Morgengraun bis Mitternacht
Bildschmuck von Otto Bauriedl

Zweite, veränderte Auflage
✥
München 1924
Georg D. W. Callwey + Verlag des deutschen Spielmanns
Druck von Kastner & Callwey, München
Geleitspruch des deutschen
Spielmanns
Tag und Nacht – im Wechsel schweben

Sie durch unser Erdenleben;
Ihnen folgt der Stunden Schar.
Morgenlicht und Dämmerdunkel,
Sonnenglanz und Sterngefunkel
Tragen sie als Kranz im Haar.
Leicht und frisch und frei von Sorgen

Tritt der schöne Knabe Morgen
Aus dem goldbesonnten Tor.
Tausend Hände werden rege,
Menschenlaut die stillsten Wege;
Froh erschallt der Vöglein Chor.
Mittag naht – und ernster schreiten

Seine Stunden ihm zur Seiten;
Immer müder wird ihr Schritt,
Bis aus kühlem Waldesschatten
Auf die taubenetzten Matten
Leichtbeschuht der Abend tritt.
Seiner Hand entsinkt die Leier,

Und ein sternbesäter Schleier
Spannt sich wie ein Baldachin
Über weite Himmelsräume,
Und ins Reich der schönen Träume
Lockt die stille Königin.
Tag und Nacht hält uns umwunden:

Alle unsre Lebensstunden,
Dunkel bringen sie und Licht,
Bis beim letzten Abendglühen
Eine Hand den Flor darf ziehen
Über unser bleich Gesicht.
Der deutsche Spielmann

Vor dem Morgen
Es zieht ein fahler Schein

Am Himmel auf; hellroter Schimmer
Glänzt schon die Wolken an von Osten her.
Die Sterne sinken unter, wie im Meer
Todmüde Schwimmer.
Vom Bett aufsteht der Wind.

Schlaftrunken noch, im halben Traume,
Greift in die Luft ein Zweig, kühl angeweht,
Und schwankt und zittert, und ein Schauer geht
Von Baum zu Baume.
Ein Vogel ruft im Holz,

Ein andrer noch; aus allen Nestern
Wird froh der Tag begrüßt, der sich erneut.
Begehrend drängt das Leben sich zum Heut,
Fern liegt das Gestern.
Johannes Trojan
Morgengrauen
Noch ist im sternenvollen Raum

Der frischen Nacht kein Hauch zu spüren.
Zuweilen nur im halben Traum
Wie schauernd sich die Wipfel rühren.
Noch liegt es rings auf Feld und Au

Wie namenloser Trauer Schweigen;
Die Gräser stehn gebeugt im Tau,
Die Vögel schlummern in den Zweigen.
Da trägt ein Hauch vom Himmelszelt

Den ersten Lerchenjubel nieder;
Ein Schimmer überhaucht die Welt,
Und rein ersteigt der Tag uns wieder.
Wilhelm Weigand
Das Christusbild
Im Walde oben auf dem Berge, im Gerank von wilden blühenden
Rosen, hängt Christus am Kreuze an der weißgetünchten alten
Kapelle.
Sein Mund ist im Schmerz halb geöffnet, rote, schwere
Blutstropfen quellen unter dem Dornenkranze hervor und rieseln aus
der Seitenwunde über den grauen Schurz, der seine Blößen deckt.
So hat er dort gehangen, Jahrhunderte hindurch, Mitleid und
Schrecken allen Betern.
Aus dem Dorf unten im Tal klingen die Glocken der Frühmette
herauf …
Ein Vogel beginnt mit leisem Gesange … und nun geht die Sonne
groß hinter dem Walde auf …
Sie sendet ihre hellen Strahlen durch Birkengrün und
Tannendunkel … feines Klingen läuft vor ihnen her.
Und weiter fliegen die Strahlen bis an die alte Kapelle … Die
weiße Wand entlang … und treffen das Heilandsbild mit ihrem vollen
warmen Glanze …
Ein heimliches Flüstern wacht auf in den Bäumen, die wilden
Rosen neigen sich im Morgenwind, und über das traurige
schmerzerfüllte Antlitz des Gekreuzigten geht ein mildes, sonniges
Lächeln …
Albert Sergel
Neues Leben
Der Himmel glänzt wie Seide,

Ein junger Tag erwacht;
Was ich gelitten habe,
Es starb in dieser Nacht.
Das war ein stilles Sterben

– Die Bäume rauschten kaum –
Das war ein süßes Sterben,
Ein Sterben wie im Traum.
Nun soll durch meine Nächte

Ein tiefer Friede gehn,
Und meine junge Sehnsucht
So in der Sonne stehn.
Oskar Wiener
In der Frühe
Kein Schlaf noch kühlt das Auge mir,

Dort gehet schon der Tag herfür,
An meinem Kammerfenster.
Es wühlet mein verstörter Sinn
Noch zwischen Zweifeln her und hin
Und schaffet Nachtgespenster.
– Ängste, quäle
Dich nicht länger, meine Seele!
Freu dich! Schon sind da und dorten
Morgenglocken wach geworden.
Eduard Mörike
Morgendämmerung
Die Nacht liegt ausgebreitet,

Erquickt die Erde ruht,
Der Mond, der zitternde, gleitet
Hinab in düsterer Glut.
Noch stehn am Himmelsraume

Gestirne sonder Zahl.
Am fernen dämmernden Saume
Zuckt schon ein purpurner Strahl.
Die Vögel werden munter,

Der Hahn ist längst erwacht,
Leis ziehen die Schatten hinunter,
Hinunter die tauende Nacht.
Martin Greif
Vogelmette
Dringt das erste Dämmerlicht

Grüßend mir ans Bette,
Hör ich vor dem Fenster dicht
Eine Vogelmette.
Hell vom Platz vor meinem Haus,

Wo die Sträucher ranken,
Klingt sie in die Stadt hinaus
Wie ein kindlich Danken.
Leise da und dort erwacht

Erst ein Vogelseelchen,
Und halb schlummernd noch und sacht
Stimmen sich die Kehlchen.
»Guten Morgen!« hör ich’s dann,

»Fehlen denn auch keine?«
»Munter, Kinder, fangt nur an:
Noch sind wir alleine!«
Und nun setzt es silbern ein,

Keusch in jedem Klange,
Vogelfröhlich, glockenrein,
Frisch zum Morgensange!
Innig wie ein Kinderlied,

Wie ein Märchen traulich,
Daß es durch die Lüfte zieht
Wundersam erbaulich.
Wie es schwillt und wogt und rollt

Und zum Schöpfer schwebt,
Bis das erste Sonnengold
Um die Dächer webt!
Ferdinand Avenarius
Die Wolke
Noch ist es still. Noch schlummert rings die Erde.

Nur frühe Vöglein zwitschern, halb im Traum.
Hoch droben segelt eine lichte Wolke
Im Morgendämmern durch den Himmelsraum.
Und schwebend, wie auf weitgespannten Schwingen,

Gleicht einem Engel sie, der heimwärts zieht;
Vielleicht hat an verlaßnem Sterbelager,
Ein stiller Hüter, er zur Nacht gekniet,
Vielleicht auf eine Stirn in Fiebergluten

Mit lindem Trost die kühle Hand gelegt,
Vielleicht ein leidgeprüftes Herz beruhigt,
Das hoffend nun dem Licht entgegenschlägt …
… Da ich noch sinnend in die Ferne träume,

Zerfließt die Wolke still im Sonnenschein.
Der Himmel öffnet seine blauen Tore:
Er läßt den heimgekehrten Seraph ein.
Alice von Gaudy

Der Morgen
Der erste Strahl von Osten her

Fliegt kräftig, wie ein lichter Speer,
Die Finsternis zu töten.
Es steigt von ungesehnem Chor
Der Lerchen Sang zum Herrn empor
In jubelnden Gebeten.
Die Blume wacht aus Träumen auf

Und schaut zum Himmel still hinauf,
Ihr Auge weint und lächelt,
Und rascher jeder Pulsschlag strebt,
Und alles jauchzt, und alles lebt,
Vom frischen Hauch umfächelt.
Und alldurchdringend blitzt der Strahl,

Er gleitet in das stille Tal,
Was er berührt, das scheinet;
Er trifft ein niederes Hüttendach,
Wo grad ein treues Herze brach,
Das lang umsonst geweinet.
Friedrich von Sallet

In Hangen und Bangen
Zerstoben sind die Wolkenmassen,

Die Morgensonn ins Fenster scheint:
Nun kann ich wieder mal nicht fassen,
Daß ich die Nacht hindurch geweint.
Dahin ist alles, was mich drückte,

Das Aug ist klar, der Sinn ist frei,
Und was nur je mein Herz entzückte,
Tanzt wieder, lachend, mir vorbei.
Es grüßt, es nickt; ich steh betroffen,

Geblendet schier von all dem Licht:
Das alte, liebe, böse Hoffen –
Die Seele läßt es einmal nicht.
Theodor Fontane

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10.1 Multiple Choice

1) Which of the following is correct regarding a wave in the open ocean?

3) The height, length, and period of a wave depend upon ________.

4) Waves begin to "feel bottom" when the depth of water is ________.

7) Which of the following shoreline features is a result of erosion?

8) Chesapeake Bay and Delaware Bay are ________.

10) Waves approaching a beach at an oblique angle ________.

11) Which of the following shoreline features is a result of deposition?

12) Fetch is ________.

14) One disadvantage of beach nourishment as compared to hard stabilization is ________.

22) Large estuaries are more common on a(n) ________ coastline.

1) To measure wave period, the best tool to use would be a ruler.

2) Tidal flats are submerged during ebb tide.

4) A baymouth bar is an example of "hard stabilization," a feature constructed by people to

10.3 Fill in the Blank

2) ________ are large circular-moving currents of water within an ocean basin.

4) Turbulent water created by breaking waves is known as ________.

7) Breakwaters, sea walls, and groins are all examples of ________.

A) building structures along the coastline to prevent movement of sand

Answer the questions in complete sentences. Be complete but concise.

Examine the figure.

Title: Tag und Nacht

Editor: Ernst Weber

Illustrator: Otto Bauriedl

Release date: January 29, 2024 [eBook #72801]

Original publication: München: Georg D. W. Callwey, 1924

Credits: The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TAG UND

Tag und Nacht

Bildschmuck von Otto Bauriedl

Tag und Nacht – im Wechsel schweben

Leicht und frisch und frei von Sorgen

Mittag naht – und ernster schreiten

Seiner Hand entsinkt die Leier,

Tag und Nacht hält uns umwunden:

Der deutsche Spielmann

Es zieht ein fahler Schein

Vom Bett aufsteht der Wind.

Ein Vogel ruft im Holz,

Noch ist im sternenvollen Raum

Noch liegt es rings auf Feld und Au

Da trägt ein Hauch vom Himmelszelt

Der Himmel glänzt wie Seide,

Das war ein stilles Sterben

Nun soll durch meine Nächte

Kein Schlaf noch kühlt das Auge mir,

Die Nacht liegt ausgebreitet,

Noch stehn am Himmelsraume

Die Vögel werden munter,

Dringt das erste Dämmerlicht

Hell vom Platz vor meinem Haus,

Leise da und dort erwacht

»Guten Morgen!« hör ich’s dann,

Und nun setzt es silbern ein,