F4 ACK JULY 2024 EVALUATION.

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

(MASENO NORTH DIOCESE)

231/1 Biology
Paper 1
2024.

Name: …………………………………………….Index No: …………….…………

School: ………………………………………...……Candidate’s Signature: ………..

……..

Date: ………………………………….

Instructions to candidates
(a) Write your Name, school and index number in the spaces provided above.
(b) Sign and write the date in the spaces provided.
(c) Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
(d) Additional pages must not be inserted
(e) This paper consists of 11printed pages. Candidates should check the question paper to
ascertain that all pages are printed as indicated and that no questions are missing.
(f) Candidates should answer questions in English.
(g) All diagrams should be in pencil.

For Examiner’s Use Only

Question Maximum Score Candidate’s Score

1-27 80

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1. Specify characteristics of organisms shown by the following:
i) Reversed stomata opening by some plants……………………………………………………..……………………….(1mk).
ii) An athlete panting heavily after a race…………………………………………………………………………………….(1mk).
2. Apart from magnification, give one more function of the light microscope in biological studies (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. The diagrams below shows a variety of organisms, Specify their kingdom (2 mks)

Kingdom:…………………………………………………………. Kingdom:………………………………………………..
4. Distinguish between dental formula and dentition as used in Nutrition in animals (2mks).
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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5. Below is an image of aspecimen.If the magnification was x3, calculate its actual height (2mk )

6. Explain the significance of the following in desert plants

i) Hairy
leaves…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………….........……………………………………………………………………....(1mk)
ii.) Sunken
stomata……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………(1mk).
iii.) Glossy leaf
surfaces…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………(1mk)
7. The diagram below illustrates an experimental set up to investigate ascertain physiological process
in living organisms.

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i) What was the aim of the experiment (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
ii) State one observation made from the experiment (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
iii) Suggest a control for the experiment (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. The diagram below represents a section through the human skin.

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i) On the diagram, name part B and E (2 MKS)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……..
ii) Give one function of part;
A………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..(Imk)
E………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………..………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………(1 mk)

iii) Explain how hair on the human skin helps to keep the body warm
(3mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
….............
9. Give the significance of the following hormones in metamorphosis;

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 i) Juvenile
hormone………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..(1mk).
ii) Ecdysone
hormone………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….(1mk)
10. The diagram below shows a type of germination in plants

i) I identify the type of germination illustrated above………………………………………………………..(1mk)

ii) Explain how the above named germination arises (3mks)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
iii) Specify the function of the following in germination;

Coleoptile……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….(1mk)
Coleorhiza……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….(1mk).

11. Distinguish between;

Analogous and homologous
structures……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………(2mks)

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 Struggle for existence and survival for the
fittest……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………(2mks)
13. Name the type of variation shown by;

Differential heights in plants……………………………………………………………………………………………(1 mk)

Tongue rolling in humans…………………………………………………………………………………………………( 1mk)

14. Across between a red flowered and a white flowered Mirabilis plant produced only pink-
flowered F1 Plants.
i) Suggest a reason explaining absence of either red or white flowered plants in F1 generation

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..( 1mk).
ii) The F1 offspring’s were selfed to get F2 generation. Using W to represent the gene for white
flowered plants and R for red flowered plants, work out a genetic cross for the F2 generation
( 4 mks)

15. Many animals have organs that appear to have little or no function and are usually smaller
than their fully functional equivalents in related species.
i) What is the scientific name for such organs?.......................................................................(1mk)
ii) Explain the existence of such
organs……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………(3 mks)
16. The diagram below shows a nerve impulse at different state of action.
A B A

i) Identify its state at point;

A……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….(1 mk)
B………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..( 1mk)

ii) Explain the state at point B (4mks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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17. The diagram below shows a motor neurone.

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i) Name parts A and D;
A………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..(1mk)
D……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ( 1 mk)
ii) State three adaptations which enables the neurone to carry out its functions effectively (3mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
iii) Using an arrow, indicate the direction of impulse flow on the diagram (1mk)
18. State the function of the following on mammalian skeleton;
Ligament…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….(1 mk)
Tendon……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….(1mk)

19. Give three main distinguishing features of phylum Arthropoda (3mks)

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
20. Study the apparatus below

i) Identify the apparatus………………………………………………………………………………………………………..(1 mk)

ii) State the function of parts;
X………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………(1MK)
Y………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………(1 mk)
21. Explain why digestion of starch does not take part in the stomach of mammals (2mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
22.Whats the main difference between an individual with blood group A + and blood group A-
( 1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
23. Give a term that describes the study of tissues in organisms………………………………………………….( 1 mk)

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24. Draw a bi-pinnate leaf with smooth margin and pointed leaf apex ( 3 mks)

25. The equation below summarizes a physiological process in the liver of humans.

i) Which physiological process is shown by the reaction above………..……………………………………………(1mk)

ii) What is the significance of secreting wastes in form of Urea rather than Ammonia by mammals
( 1 mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
iii) A part from the a above physiological process, name two other functions of the liver (2 mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
26. Name the causal organism for each of the following human diseases

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 i) Amoebic dysentery…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..(1 mk)
ii) Gonorrhoea……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..( 1 mk)
27. Name male and female gametes in plants;
Male gametes………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….( 1 mk)
Female gametes………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..(1 mk)

END.

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