Module 3 - Disaster Risk Reduction (cwts)

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CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE 1

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DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION CWTS MODULE 3
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Philippines is one of the countries

most at risk when it comes to
disasters. It is exposed to a
plethora of hazards such as floods,
earthquakes, storms, volcanic
eruptions and so on.
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UNIT 1:
DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION
MANAGEMENT
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DEFINITION OF DRR
The policy objective of anticipating and reducing risk is
called Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)
(Global Assessment Report 2015)

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DEFINITION OF DRM
The actions that aim to achieve the objective of reducing
risk is called Disaster Risk Management (DRM)
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DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION
THE POLICY
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DISASTER RISK
MANAGEMENT
THE IMPLEMENTATION
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In reducing disaster risk, it requires the

integration of DDR policy and DRM
practice into sustainable development goals
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DISASTER RISK
indicator of poor development
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ANOTHER
DEFINITION OF DRR
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) is a concept and practice
of reducing disaster risks through systematic efforts to
analyze and reduce causal factors of disasters
(UNESCO)
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Towards the end of twentieth century, it was

increasingly recognized that disasters are
not natural
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Since we cannot reduce the severity of

natural hazards, the main opportunity for
reducing risk lies in reducing vulnerability
and exposure
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But we need to identify and reduce first the

following drivers of risk:
POOR ECONOMIC AND URBAN

DEVELOPMENT CHOICES AND
PRACTICE
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POOR ECONOMIC AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT CHOICES AND PRACTICE
DEGRADATION OF ENVIRONMENT
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POVERTY AND INEQUALITY

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CLIMATE CHANGE
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CLIMATE CHANGE
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Disaster Risk Reduction is a part of

sustainable development, so it must involve
every part of society, government, NGOs,
and the professional and private sector
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Disaster Risk Reduction includes strategies

designed to:
AVOID RISK
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designed to:
ADDRESS
PRE-EXISTING
RISKS
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designed to:
SHARE AND SPREAD
RISK TO PREVENT
DISASTER LOSSES
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UNIT 2:
DIFFERENCES
BETWEEN HAZARD
AND DISASTER
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HAZARD
something with the potential to cause harm and can take
many forms. It could be a substance, an energy source,
or an existing work practice or process
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Hazard is
a risk.
LEO BUSCAGLIA
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HAZARDS CAN BE
GEOPHYSICAL
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Possible Earthquakes
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Volcanic
Eruption
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Floods and Droughts

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HAZARDS CAN BE
BIOLOGICAL
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HAZARD
determined by their severity in different situations. They
have the potential to threaten life, health, property, and
the environment
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HAZARD SEVERITY
MEASUREMENT
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DURATION
The longer the hazard, the
greater the danger
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MAGNITUDE
The strength of the hazard
which is measured on the
Richter Scale of the Volcanic
Explosivity Index
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PREDICTABILITY
The warning signs prior to their
arrival
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REGULARITY
Regular occurrences makes
people aware of their arrival and
prepared to face the risk of
damages
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FREQUENCY
subject people to more danger
because they occur often
making living conditions very
difficult
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SPEED OF ONSET
arrives with very little becomes
a disaster as no one is prepared
for the devastation
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AREAL EXTENT
widespread hazard will easily
turn into a disaster if the area is
not contained and assistance
offered
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HAZARD
can also be part of day-to-day situations as there are
apparent hazards all around urban areas
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DISASTERS
kind of risks that subject mankind and his natural world
to all kinds of tragic events that can end up taking
everything
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DISASTERS
bit like stage or degree of a hazard that has become more
threatening and is evident when a hazard is part of a
vulnerable situation
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DISASTERS
are combinations oof hazards and vulnerability
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WHAT MAKES COMMUNITY

VULNERABILITY?
POVERTY
POPULATION EXPLOSION
LACK OF SKILLS AND SOCIAL SERVICES
A FRAGILE COMMUNITY
WEAK ECONOMY
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UNIT 3:
DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION
MANAGEMENT
ASPECTS
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DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

MANAGEMENT
systematic process of using administrative directives,
organizations, and operational skills and capacities to
implement strategies, policies, and improved coping
capacities in order to lessen the adverse impacts of
hazards and the possibility of disaster
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MANAGEMENT
systematic process of using administrative directives,
organizations, and operational skills and capacities to
implement strategies, policies, and improved coping
capacities in order to lessen the adverse impacts of
hazards and the possibility of disaster
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MANAGEMENT
has four priority areas with four long term goals; 14
objectives, 24 outcomes, 56 outputs; 93 activities.
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PRIORITY 1:
DISASTER PREVENTION
AND MITIGATION
provides key strategic actions that give importance to activities revolving
around hazards evaluation and mitigation,
vulnerability analyses, identification of hazard-prone areas
and mainstreaming DRRM into development plans
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PRIORITY 2:
DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
provides for the key strategic actions that give importance to
activities revolving around community awareness and understanding;
contingency planning;
conduct of local drills and the development of a national disaster
response plan
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PRIORITY 3:
DISASTER RESPONSE
gives importance to activities during the actual disaster response
operations from needs assessment to search and rescue to relief
operations to early recovery
activities are emphasized.
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PRIORITY 4:
REHABILITATION AND
RECOVERY
priority area cover areas like employment and livelihoods, infrastructure
and lifeline facilities, housing and resettlement, among others.
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UNIT 4:
THE PHILIPPINES
NATIONAL DRRM
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Historically, Philippines is a disaster-prone country. Floods and

storms have been the most frequent hazard. The geology of the
country explains the prevalence of earthquake and landslides. The
Philippines is situated along the Pacific Ring of Fire, thus, it is highly
prone to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. The frequency and
intensity of many hazards compelled the need for the nation to adopt
disaster risk reduction management.
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A risk report published by the United Nations looked

into the four components of risk
(exposure, susceptibility, coping, and adaptive
capacities) the Philippines is the third most
disaster risk country worldwide.
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The Philippine government joined other countries in Japan

for the World Conference
on Disaster Reduction. The Philippines also ratified the
ASEAN Agreement on Disaster
Management and Emergency Response in 2009. On June
2010, the Disaster Risk Reduction
(2009-2019) was adopted.
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Part of it states the following:
Adopt a disaster risk reduction and management approach

that is holistic, comprehensive, integrated, and proactive in
lessening the socioeconomic and environmental impacts of
disasters including climate change, and promote the
involvement and participation of all sectors and all
stakeholders concerned, at all levels, especially the local
community;
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Develop, promote, and implement a comprehensive National Disaster
Risk Reduction and Management Plan (NDRRMP) that aims to
strengthen the capacity of the national government and the local
government units (LGUs), together with partner stakeholders, to build
the disaster resilience of communities, and' to institutionalize
arrangements and measures for reducing disaster risks, including
projected climate risks, and enhancing disaster preparedness and
response capabilities at all levels;
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Adopt and implement a coherent, comprehensive, integrated,
efficient and responsive disaster risk reduction program
incorporated in the development plan at various levels of
government adhering to the principles of good governance such
as transparency and accountability within the context of poverty
alleviation and environmental protection;
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Mainstream disaster risk reduction and climate change in
development processes such as policy formulation,
socioeconomic development planning, budgeting, and
governance, particularly in the areas of environment,
agriculture, water, energy, health, education, poverty
reduction, land-use and urban planning, and public
infrastructure and housing, among others;
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Mainstream disaster risk reduction into the peace process

and conflict resolution approaches in order to minimize loss
of lives and damage to property, and ensure that communities
in conflict zones can immediately go back to their normal
lives during periods of intermittent
conflicts;
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Ensure that disaster risk reduction and climate

change measures are gender responsive,sensitive to
indigenous know ledge systems, and respectful of
human rights;
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The Philippine National DRRM was formerly known as the National

Disaster Risk Reduction & Management Council (NDRRMC). Before
that, it was also known as the National Disaster Coordinating Council
(NDCC). It is a working group of various government, non-government,
civil sector and private sector organizations of the Government of the
Republic of the Philippines established by Republic Act 10121 of
2009. It is administered by the Office of Civil Defense under the
Department of National Defense. The Council is responsible for
ensuring the protection and welfare of the people during disasters or
emergencies (UNSpider.org).
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The Philippine National DRRM adheres to the national disaster

risk reduction and management plan (NDRRMP) 2011-2028. It is a
plan which serves as the national guide on how sustainable
development can be achieved through inclusive growth while
building the adaptive capacities of communities; increasing the
resilience of vulnerable sectors; and optimizing disaster mitigation
opportunities with the end in view of promoting people’s welfare and
security towards gender-responsive and rights-based sustainable
development.
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The plan highlights, among others, the importance of mainstream

disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM) and climate change
adaptation (CCA) in the development processes such as policy formulation,
socioeconomic development planning, budgeting and governance
particularly in the area of environment, agriculture, water, energy, health,
education, poverty reduction, land-use and urban planning and public
infrastructure and housing among others. It also highlights the need for
institutionalizing DRRM policies, structures, coordination mechanisms and
programs with continuing budget appropriation on DRR from national
down to local levels.
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Finally, the plan adheres to the principles of good

governance within the context of poverty alleviation and
environmental protection. It is about partnerships and
working together – engaging the participation of CSOs, the
private sector and volunteers in the government’s DRRM
programs towards complementation of resources and
effective delivery of services to the citizenry.
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UNIT 5:
STRATEGIES ON HOW
TO PREVENT
DIFFERENT DISASTERS
FLOODS
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FLOODS
Global statistics show that floods are the
most frequently recorded destructive events,
accounting for about 30% of the world’s
disasters each year.
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FLOODS
Much of this rise in incidence can be attributed to
uncontrolled urbanization, deforestation, and more
recently, the effect of El Niño. Floods may also
accompany other natural disasters, such as sea surges
during hurricanes and tsunamis following earthquake.
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BEFORE A FLOOD, YOU SHOULD:

• Avoid building in a floodplain unless you elevate and reinforce
your home.
• Elevate water heater, and electric panel if susceptible to flooding.
• Install "check valves" in sewer traps to prevent flood water from
backing up into the drains of your home.
• Construct barriers (beams, floodwalls) to stop floodwater from
entering the building.
• Seal walls in basements with waterproofing compounds to avoid
seepage.
• Learning swimming skill is helpful.
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DURING A FLOOD, YOU SHOULD:

• Listen to the radio or television for information.
• Be aware that flash flooding can occur. If there is any possibility
of a flash flood, move immediately to higher ground. Do not wait
for instructions to move.
• Be aware of streams, drainage channels, canyons, and other
areas known to flood suddenly. Flash floods can occur in these
areas with or without such typical warnings as rain clouds or
heavy rain.
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If you must prepare to evacuate, you should do the following:
• Secure your home. If you have time, bring in outdoor furniture.

Move essential items to an upper floor.
• Turn off utilities at the main switches or valves if instructed to do
so. Disconnect electrical appliances. Do not touch electrical
equipment if you are wet or standing in water.
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If you have to leave your home, remember these evacuation tips:
• Do not walk through moving water. Six inches of moving water

can make you fall. If you have to walk in water, walk where the
water is not moving. Use a stick to check the firmness of the
ground in front of you.
• Do not drive into flooded areas. If flood-waters rise around your
car, abandon the car and
move to higher ground if you can do so safely
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AFTER A FLOOD, YOU SHOULD:

• Listen for news reports to learn whether the community’s water
supply is safe to drink.
• Avoid floodwaters; water may be contaminated by oil, gasoline,
or raw sewage. Water may also be electrically charged from
underground or downed power lines.
• Avoid moving water.
• Be aware of areas where floodwaters have receded. Roads may
have weakened and could collapse under the weight of a car.
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AFTER A FLOOD, YOU SHOULD:

• Stay away from downed power lines, and report them to the
power authorities.
• Return home only when authorities indicate it is safe.
• Stay out of any building if it is surrounded by floodwaters.
• Use extreme caution when entering buildings; there may be
hidden damage, particularly in foundations.
• Service damaged septic tanks, cesspools, pits, and leaching
systems as soon as possible. Damaged sewage systems are
serious health hazards.
• Clean and disinfect everything that got wet. Mud left from
floodwater can contain sewage and chemicals.
EARTHQUAKES
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EARTHQUAKES
Earthquakes are sudden slippages or movements in a
portion of the earth's crust accompanied by a series of
vibrations. Aftershocks of similar or lesser intensity can
follow the main quake. Earthquakes can occur at any time
of the year. An earthquake is generally considered to be the
most destructive and frightening of all forces of nature.
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BEFORE AN EARTHQUAKE, YOU SHOULD

• Repair defective electrical wiring, leaky gas
cylinders, and inflexible utility connections.
• Place large or heavy objects on lower shelves.
Fasten shelves, mirrors, and large picture frames
to walls.
• Store bottled foods, glass, china clay, and other
breakables on low shelves or in cabinets that
fasten shut.
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BEFORE AN EARTHQUAKE, YOU SHOULD

• Anchor overhead lighting fixtures.
• Be sure the residence is firmly anchored to its
foundation. Install flexible pipe fittings to avoid
gas or water leaks. Flexible fittings are more
resistant to breakage.
• Locate safe spots in each room under a sturdy
table or against an inside wall.
• Hold earthquake drills with your family
members: Drop, cover, and hold on!
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DURING AN EARTHQUAKE,
YOU SHOULD:
minimize your movements during an earthquake to a few
steps to a nearby safe place. Stay indoors until the shaking
has stopped and you are sure exiting is safe.
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YOU SHOULD:
If you are indoor:
• Take cover under a sturdy desk, table, or bench or against
an inside wall, and hold
on. If there isn’t a table or desk near you, cover your face
and head with your arms
and crouch in an inside corner of the building.
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YOU SHOULD:
If you are indoor:
Stay away from glass, windows, outside doors and walls,
and anything that could
fall, such as lighting fixtures or furniture.
• Stay in bed - if you are there when the earthquake strikes
- hold on and protect your
head with a pillow, unless you are under a heavy light
fixture that could fall. In that
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YOU SHOULD:
If you are indoor:
• Use a doorway for shelter only if it is in close
proximity to you and if you know it is a
strongly supported, load bearing doorway.
• Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to
go outside. Most injuries during
earthquakes occur when people are hit by
falling objects when entering into or exiting
from buildings.
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YOU SHOULD:
If you are indoors:
• Be aware that the electricity may go out or the
sprinkler systems or fire alarms may
turn on.
• DO NOT use elevators.
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YOU SHOULD:
If you are outdoors:
• Move away from buildings, streetlights, and utility wires.
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YOU SHOULD:
If you are in a moving vehicle:
• Stop as quickly as safety permits and stay in the vehicle.
Avoid stopping near or under buildings, trees,
overpasses, and utility wires.
• Proceed cautiously once the earthquake has
stopped, watching for road and bridge
damage.
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YOU SHOULD:
If you are trapped under debris:
• Do not light a match. Do not move about or kick up dust.
• Cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing.
• Tap on a pipe or wall so rescuers can locate you. Use a whistle
if one is available.
• Shout only as a last resort - shouting can cause you to inhale
dangerous amounts of dust.
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AFTER AN EARTHQUAKE,
YOU SHOULD:
• Be prepared for aftershocks. These secondary shockwaves are
usually less violent than the main quake, but can be strong
enough to do additional
damage to weakened structures.
• Open cabinets cautiously. Beware of objects that can fall off
shelves.
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AFTER AN EARTHQUAKE,
YOU SHOULD:
• Stay away from damaged areas unless your assistance has been
specifically requested by police, fire, or relief organizations.
• Be aware of possible tsunamis if you live in coastal areas.
FIRES
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FIRES
There are two types of fire disasters. They are domestic
and wild fires. Fires can be triggered or exacerbated by
lightning, high winds, earthquakes, volcanoes, floods and
deliberate setting of fire by human beings. Lightning is the
most significant natural contributor to fires affecting the
building environment. Buildings with rooftop storage tanks
for flammable liquids are particularly susceptible.
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BEFORE A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

Smoke Alarms
• Install smoke alarms. Properly working smoke alarms
decrease your chances of dying in a fire by half.
• Place smoke alarms on every level of your residence.
Place them outside bedrooms on the
ceiling or high on the wall (4 to 12 inches from ceiling),
at the top of open stairways, or at the bottom of
enclosed stairs and near (but not in) the kitchen.
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Smoke Alarms
• Test and clean smoke alarms once a month and replace
batteries at least once a year.
Replace smoke alarms once every 10 years.
• Have record of fire brigades’ telephone in safe and
accessible to member of the family.
• Making aware the people about care (prevention), escape
mechanisms.
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Escaping the Fire
• Review escape routes with your family. Practice escaping
from each room.
• Make sure windows are not nailed or painted shut. Make
sure security gratings on windows
have a fire safety opening feature so they can be easily
opened from the inside.
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Escaping the Fire
• Consider escape ladders if your residence has more than
one level, and ensure that burglar
bars and other antitheft mechanisms that block
outside window entry are easily opened from
the inside.
• Teach family members to stay low to the floor
(where the air is safer in a fire) when escaping
from a fire.
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Escaping the Fire
• Clean out storage areas. Do not let trash, such as old
newspapers, magazines, other
materials and equipment accumulation.
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With regards to Flammable Items
• Never use gasoline, benzene, naphtha, or
similar flammable liquids indoors.
• Store flammable liquids in approved containers in
well-ventilated storage areas.
• Never smoke near flammable liquids.
• Discard all rags or materials that have been soaked in flammable
liquids after you have used them. Safely discard them outdoors
in a metal container.
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With regards to Matches and Smoking
• Keep matches and lighters up high, away from
children, and, if possible, in a locked cabinet.
• Never smoke in bed or when drowsy or medicated.
Provide smokers with deep, sturdy
ashtrays. Douse cigarette and cigar butts with water
before disposal.
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With regards to Electrical Wiring
• Have the electrical wiring in your residence checked
by an electrician.
• Inspect extension cords for frayed or exposed wires or
loose plugs.
• Make sure outlets have cover plates and no exposed
wiring.
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With regards to Electrical Wiring
• Make sure wiring does not run under rugs, over nails,
or across high-traffic areas.
• Do not overload extension cords or outlets. If you need
to plug in two or three appliances,
get a UL-approved unit with built-in circuit breakers to
prevent sparks and short circuits.
• Make sure insulation does not touch bare electrical
wiring.
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DURING A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

If your clothes catch on fire
• Stop, drop, and roll - until the fire is extinguished. Running only
makes the fire burn faster.
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To escape a fire
• Check closed doors for heat before you open them. If you are
escaping through a closed
• door, use the back of your hand to feel the top of the door, the
doorknob, and the crack
• between the door and door frame before you open it. Never use
the palm of your hand or fingers to test for heat - burning those
areas could impair your ability to escape a fire (i.e.,ladders and
crawling).
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To escape a fire
• Crawl low under any smoke to your exit - heavy smoke and
poisonous gases collect first along the ceiling.
• Close doors behind you as you escape to delay the spread of the
fire.
• Stay out once you are safely out. Do not reenter.
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AFTER A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

• If you are with burn victims, or are a burn
victim yourself, cool and cover burns to reduce
chance of further injury or infection.
• If you detect heat or smoke when entering a
damaged building, evacuate immediately.
• If you are a tenant, contact the landlord.
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AFTER A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

• If you have a safe or strong box, do not try to
open it. It can hold intense heat for several
hours. If the door is opened before the box has
cooled, the contents could burst into flames.
• If you must leave your home because a building
inspector says the building is unsafe, ask
someone you trust to watch the property during
your absence.
TYPHOONS
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TYPHOON
A typhoon is a type of tropical cyclone, or severe
tropical storm. They form in almost all
ocean basins. A typical cyclone is accompanied by
thunderstorms, and in the Northern
Hemisphere, a counterclockwise circulation of winds
near the earth's surface (clockwise in the
Southern Hemisphere).
(Weather Underground)
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BEFORE A TYPHOON, YOU SHOULD:

• Build an emergency kit and make a family emergency
plan.
• Know your surroundings.
• Learn the elevation level of your property and whether
the land is flood-prone, which will help you know how
your property will be affected when storm surge or tidal
flooding are forecasted.
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• Identify dams in your area and determine whether
they pose a hazard to you.
• Learn community hurricane evacuation routes and
how to find higher ground.
• Determine where you would go and how you would
get there if you needed to evacuate.
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• Make plans to secure your property:
• Cover all of your home's windows with permanent
storm shutters or 5/8-inch marine
plywood, cut to fit and ready to install (tape
does not prevent windows from breaking!).
• Install straps or additional clips to securely fasten your
roof to the frame structure.
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• Be sure trees and shrubs around your home are well
trimmed so they are more wind resistant.
• Clear loose and clogged rain gutters.
• Reinforce your garage doors; if wind enters a garage it
can cause dangerous and expensive
structural damage.
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• Plan to bring in all outdoor furniture, decorations,
garbage cans, and anything else that is not tied down.
• Determine how and where to secure your boat.
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• If in a high-rise building, be prepared to take shelter
on or below the 10th floor
• Consider building a safe room.
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• During a Hurricane or Typhoon
• Listen to the radio or TV for information and keep
your weather radio handy.
• Secure your home, close storm shutters and secure
outdoor objects or bring them indoors.
• Turn off utilities if instructed to do so. Otherwise, turn
the refrigerator thermostat to its coldest setting and
keep its doors closed.
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• Turn off propane tanks.
• Avoid using the phone, except for serious emergencies.
• Moor your boat if time permits.
• Ensure a supply of water for sanitary purpose such as cleaning
and flushing toilets: fill the
• bathtub and other larger containers with water.
• Find out how to keep food safe during and after an
emergency.
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Evacuate under the following conditions:
• If you are directed by local authorities to do so, and be sure to
follow their instructions.
• If you live in a mobile home or temporary structure — such shelter
is particularly hazardous during hurricane no matter how well
fastened to the ground.
• If you live in a high-rise building — hurricane winds are stronger
at higher elevations.
• If you live on the coast, on a floodplain, near a river or on an
island waterway
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If you are unable to evacuate, go to your wind-safe room. If you do
not have one, follow these guidelines:
• Stay indoors during the hurricane and away from windows and
glass doors.
• Close all interior doors, secure and brace external door.
• Keep curtains and blinds closed. Do not be fooled if there is a lull; it could be
the eye of the storm and winds will pick up again.
• Take refuge in a small interior room, closet or hallway on the lowest level.
• Lie on the floor under a table or another sturdy object.
• Avoid elevators.
EPIDEMIC/
PANDEMIC
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EPIDEMIC/PANDEMIC
The emergence of a novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV in
Wuhan December 2019 has led to a global response to the
first epidemic of this decade. It has also highlighted two
key issues:
First, China's rapid and efficient capacity to identify and
investigate a newly emerging disease; and second, our
continued global vulnerability to epidemics and
pandemics.
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EPIDEMIC/PANDEMIC
From the date of the first cluster of cases admitted to a
local hospital on December 27, 2019, Chinese scientists
identified this disease as a new syndrome, discovered the
pathogen as the cause, and reported its genetic sequence to
the world in less than 14 days.
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EPIDEMIC/PANDEMIC
Here, are three key steps to helping reduce the risk of a future epidemic similar to
that caused by the novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV:
1). Surveillance of wildlife for high-risk pathogens;
2). Surveillance and risk reduction in people at high risk of contact
with wildlife; and,
3). Improve biosecurity of the wildlife trade and animal markets
(Daszak, 2020).
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EPIDEMIC/PANDEMIC
The World Health Organization released its strategic
preparedness and response plan outline the public health
measures that the international community stands ready to
provide to support all countries to prepare for and respond to
COVID-19.
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OTHER RECOMMENDATIONS FROM VARIOUS

ORGANIZATIONS
Mitigation
In the mitigation strategy, the virus is allowed
to spread within the population at a more
controlled rate.
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ORGANIZATIONS
Suppression
This strategy attempts to directly stop the virus's
spread within the population. The goals are to rapidly
flatten the epidemic's curve, prevent the health care
system from being overwhelmed, and eradicate the
virus.
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ORGANIZATIONS
Suppression
virus.
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ORGANIZATIONS
Suppression
virus.
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BEFORE ENDEMIC/PANDEMIC, YOU

SHOULD:
• Prepare for disruption to the kinds of services that are most
vulnerable in your community - experts suggest stocking up
on two weeks of drinking water and preserved food. The rule
of thumb is around 3.7 litres (1 gallon) of clean drinking
water per person per day for cleaning, cooking, and drinking.
Canned foods and a manual can opener could be helpful.
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BEFORE EPIDEMIC/PANDEMIC, YOU

SHOULD:
• Buy things you know you'll eat, including snacks, protein,
carbs, fruits, and vegetables. Don't forget pet food if you have
animals to take care of.
• There's no need to be excessive or hoard supplies, you can
simply buy a few extra items each time you
go to the supermarket.
CWTS 10013

SHOULD:
• Have ready access to necessary medical records and details on
your personal health needs, if possible, in a hard copy.
• Ensure essential prescription drugs are topped up.
• While you're at it, check your first aid kit and make sure
you've got a good supply of non-prescription medications -
ibuprofen and paracetamol could
CWTS 10013

SHOULD:
make you feel a lot less sick if you do become
unwell. Note: aspirin is not recommended to be used
on children with a fever.
• Stock up on cleaning supplies, as well as sanitizers and
tissues.
• If a suitable vaccine is publicly available and recommended
by local health authorities, get jabbed.
CWTS 10013
DURING EPIDEMIC/PANDEMIC, YOU

SHOULD:
• Cover your mouth and nose when you sneeze and cough,
preferably with a tissue you can then discard hygienically, or
with your elbow.
• If you choose to wear a face mask, keep in mind its effect
depends on the type of mask, and is probably not as effective
at protecting you (or others) as you might think.
CWTS 10013

SHOULD:
• Wash your hands properly and frequently, preferably with an
alcohol-based sanitizer.
• If you get sick, do everything you can to avoid passing it on to
work colleagues, community members, and loved ones.
Isolate yourself if possible, and if you need to be out, do your
best to keep your hands to yourself, and stay at least 3 meters
(9.8 feet) away from other bodies.
CWTS 10013

SHOULD:
• This is when wearing a mask can be useful - if you do need to
go out in public, wearing a mask and a face shield can stop
droplets reaching others.
CWTS 10013
DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION CWTS MODULE 3
Book:
Teves, L. et. al. CWTS Module, PUP Sta. Mesa.
Bucao, A. et. al. Modules in National Service Training Program, PUP Sta. Mesa.
Jacolbia, R.B.; Perez, E.L.A.; Pada, A.G. 2020. Instructional Materials for CWTS 10013 – Civic Welfare Training Service 1. Polytechnic University of the Philippines.
Electronic Sources:
https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/8754
https://www.unisdr.org/files/68265_682308philippinesdrmstatusreport.pdf
https://www.preventionweb.net/risk/drr-drm
http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/special-themes/disaster-risk-reduction/
https://safeti.com/podcast/difference-between-hazard-and-risk/
http://www.differencebetween.net/miscellaneous/difference-between-hazard-and-disaster/
https://www.ifrc.org/docs/idrl/878EN.pdf
https://www.dilg.gov.ph/PDF_File/reports_resources/DILG-Resources-2012116-420ac59e31.pdf
http://www.un-spider.org/links-and-resources/institutions/philippines-national-disaster-riskreduction-and-management-council-ndrrmc
http://www.ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/41/NDRRM_Plan_2011-2028.pdf
https://www.arcgis.com/apps/MapJournal/index.html?appid=f90a58a2b96346cb8efd6cc9b2139381
https://www.humanitarianlibrary.org/sites/default/files/2013/07/DisasterPreventionPreparedness.pdf
https://www.wunderground.com/prepare/hurricane-typhoon
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590053620300161
https://www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/how-do-you-stop-pandemic
Prepared by:
INSTR. JOEY T. DANTING

Chief, Civic Welfare Training Program

Module 3 - Disaster Risk Reduction (cwts)

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CWTS 10013

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE 1

Philippines is one of the countries

(Global Assessment Report 2015)

In reducing disaster risk, it requires the

Towards the end of twentieth century, it was

Since we cannot reduce the severity of

But we need to identify and reduce first the

POOR ECONOMIC AND URBAN

But we need to identify and reduce first the

But we need to identify and reduce first the

POVERTY AND INEQUALITY

But we need to identify and reduce first the

But we need to identify and reduce first the

Disaster Risk Reduction is a part of

Disaster Risk Reduction includes strategies

Disaster Risk Reduction includes strategies

Disaster Risk Reduction includes strategies

Floods and Droughts

WHAT MAKES COMMUNITY

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

Historically, Philippines is a disaster-prone country. Floods and

A risk report published by the United Nations looked

The Philippine government joined other countries in Japan

Part of it states the following:

Adopt a disaster risk reduction and management approach

Part of it states the following:

Part of it states the following:

Part of it states the following:

Part of it states the following:

Mainstream disaster risk reduction into the peace process

Part of it states the following:

Ensure that disaster risk reduction and climate

The Philippine National DRRM was formerly known as the National

The Philippine National DRRM adheres to the national disaster

The plan highlights, among others, the importance of mainstream

Finally, the plan adheres to the principles of good

BEFORE A FLOOD, YOU SHOULD:

DURING A FLOOD, YOU SHOULD:

DURING A FLOOD, YOU SHOULD:

• Secure your home. If you have time, bring in outdoor furniture.

DURING A FLOOD, YOU SHOULD:

• Do not walk through moving water. Six inches of moving water

AFTER A FLOOD, YOU SHOULD:

AFTER A FLOOD, YOU SHOULD:

BEFORE AN EARTHQUAKE, YOU SHOULD

BEFORE AN EARTHQUAKE, YOU SHOULD

BEFORE A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

BEFORE A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

BEFORE A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

BEFORE A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

BEFORE A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

BEFORE A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

BEFORE A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

BEFORE A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

BEFORE A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

DURING A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

DURING A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

DURING A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

AFTER A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

AFTER A FIRE, YOU SHOULD:

BEFORE A TYPHOON, YOU SHOULD: