Chapter 10: Motion and Measurement of

Distances (CBSE Class 6 Science) Notes

This chapter covers the basics of motion and how we measure distances. Here's a
breakdown of the key concepts:

1. Motion:

Motion is the change in position of an object with respect to its surroundings.

For example, a car moving on a road or a child swinging on a swing.

2. Types of Motion:

There are different ways to classify motion based on the path an object takes:

Rectilinear Motion: When an object moves along a straight line. (e.g., a car on a straight
highway)
Curvilinear Motion: When an object moves along a curved path. (e.g., a car moving on a
winding road)
Circular Motion: When an object moves in a circular path around a fixed point. (e.g., a
bicycle wheel spinning)
Periodic Motion: When an object keeps repeating its motion at regular intervals of time.
(e.g., the swinging of a pendulum)
Rotational Motion: When an object spins or rotates on its axis. (e.g., a merry-go-round)

3. Measurement of Distance:

To understand motion, we need to measure distances accurately.

In ancient times, people used non-standard units like footsteps or handspans, leading
to confusion.
Today, we use the International System of Units (SI) for a uniform system of
measurement.

4. Standard Units of Distance:

The SI unit of length is the metre (m).

A metre is further divided into 100 equal parts called centimetres (cm).
For larger distances, we use kilometres (km). (1 km = 1000 m)

5. Measuring Distances:

We use various tools to measure distances depending on the size of the object:

Scale: A graduated ruler with centimetres (cm) and millimetres (mm) markings for small
distances.
Metre Stick: A one-meter long ruler for measuring medium distances.
Tape Measure: A flexible tape for measuring longer distances.

Additional Points:

The concept of rest is introduced - an object is at rest if it remains in the same position
without changing its location.
The importance of using standard units and accurate measurement is emphasized.