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CHAPTER 7
BONDS AND THEIR VALUATION
Note that there is some overlap between the T/F and the multiple choice questions, as some T/F
statements are used in the MC questions. See the preface for information on the AACSB letter
indicators (F, M, etc.) on the subject lines.
Multiple Choice: True/False
(7-2) Coupon rate F G Answer: a EASY
1. If a firm raises capital by selling new bonds, it could be called the
“issuing firm,” and the coupon rate is generally set equal to the
required rate on bonds of equal risk.
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
a. True
b. False
Most of these questions can be answered by thinking about relationships and reasoning out
which answer is correct, but some require students to do a few calculations. Even if logical
answers can be determined, it may be useful to confirm them by working out some numbers.
Sometimes data are provided in the question, but sometimes students must make up their own
examples to take the numerical approach.
Most students will have to think carefully to answer the MEDIUM and HARD questions,
and that will take some time. Therefore, the more time they have to do the test or quiz, the better
their scores should be.
Some of the questions are focused on a particular section, but others have statements that
are covered in various sections. In the latter case, we indicate “Comprehensive” rather than
give a section number.
Finally, note that we provide answers only to selected questions. We see no need to
answer relatively easy, obvious questions, so we limit answers to questions where students might
have trouble understanding why their answer is wrong.
(7-5) Interest rates C G Answer: a EASY
23. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
a. You hold two bonds, a 10-year, zero coupon, issue and a 10-year bond
that pays a 6% annual coupon. The same market rate, 6%, applies to
both bonds. If the market rate rises from its current level, the
zero coupon bond will experience the larger percentage decline.
b. The time to maturity does not affect the change in the value of a
bond in response to a given change in interest rates.
c. You hold two bonds. One is a 10-year, zero coupon, bond and the
other is a 10-year bond that pays a 6% annual coupon. The same
market rate, 6%, applies to both bonds. If the market rate rises
from the current level, the zero coupon bond will experience the
smaller percentage decline.
d. The shorter the time to maturity, the greater the change in the value
of a bond in response to a given change in interest rates, other
things held constant.
e. The longer the time to maturity, the smaller the change in the value
of a bond in response to a given change in interest rates.
The differences in rates among these issues were most probably caused
primarily by:
a. If market interest rates decline, the price of the bond will also
decline.
b. The bond is currently selling at a price below its par value.
c. If market interest rates remain unchanged, the bond’s price one year
from now will be lower than it is today.
d. The bond should currently be selling at its par value.
e. If market interest rates remain unchanged, the bond’s price one year
from now will be higher than it is today.
a. The price of Bond B will decrease over time, but the price of Bond A
will increase over time.
b. The prices of both bonds will remain unchanged.
c. The price of Bond A will decrease over time, but the price of Bond B
will increase over time.
d. The prices of both bonds will increase by 7% per year.
a. All else equal, high-coupon bonds have less reinvestment risk than
low-coupon bonds.
b. All else equal, long-term bonds have less price risk than short-term
bonds.
c. All else equal, low-coupon bonds have less price risk than high-
coupon bonds.
d. All else equal, short-term bonds have less reinvestment risk than
long-term bonds.
a. One advantage of a zero coupon Treasury bond is that no one who owns
the bond has to pay any taxes on it until it matures or is sold.
b. Long-term bonds have less price risk but more reinvestment risk than
short-term bonds.
c. If interest rates increase, all bond prices will increase, but the
increase will be greater for bonds that have less price risk.
d. Relative to a coupon-bearing bond with the same maturity, a zero
coupon bond has more price risk but less reinvestment risk.
e. Long-term bonds have less price risk and also less reinvestment risk
than short-term bonds.
a. If the maturity risk premium were zero and interest rates were
expected to decrease in the future, then the yield curve for U.S.
Treasury securities would, other things held constant, have an
upward slope.
b. Liquidity premiums are generally higher on Treasury than corporate
bonds.
c. The maturity premiums embedded in the interest rates on U.S. Treasury
securities are due primarily to the fact that the probability of
default is higher on long-term bonds than on short-term bonds.
d. Default risk premiums are generally lower on corporate than on
Treasury bonds.
e. Reinvestment risk is lower, other things held constant, on long-term
than on short-term bonds.
a. All else equal, senior debt generally has a lower yield to maturity
than subordinated debt.
b. An indenture is a bond that is less risky than a mortgage bond.
c. The expected return on a corporate bond will generally exceed the
bond's yield to maturity.
d. If a bond’s coupon rate exceeds its yield to maturity, then its
expected return to investors will also exceed its yield to maturity.
e. Under our bankruptcy laws, any firm that is in financial distress
will be forced to declare bankruptcy and then be liquidated.
a. If the yield to maturity remains constant, the bond’s price one year
from now will be higher than its current price.
b. The bond is selling below its par value.
c. The bond is selling at a discount.
d. If the yield to maturity remains constant, the bond’s price one year
from now will be lower than its current price.
e. The bond’s current yield is greater than 9%.
a. Bond B has a higher price than Bond A today, but one year from now
the bonds will have the same price.
b. One year from now, Bond A’s price will be higher than it is today.
c. Bond A’s current yield is greater than 8%.
d. Bond A has a higher price than Bond B today, but one year from now
the bonds will have the same price.
e. Both bonds have the same price today, and the price of each bond is
expected to remain constant until the bonds mature.
a. If the bonds' market interest rate remains at 10%, Bond Z’s price
will be lower one year from now than it is today.
b. Bond X has the greatest reinvestment risk.
c. If market interest rates decline, the prices of all three bonds will
increase, but Z's price will have the largest percentage increase.
d. If market interest rates remain at 10%, Bond Z’s price will be 10%
higher one year from today.
e. If market interest rates increase, Bond X’s price will increase, Bond
Z’s price will decline, and Bond Y’s price will remain the same.
a. 10-year, zero coupon bonds have more reinvestment risk than 10-year,
10% coupon bonds.
b. A 10-year, 10% coupon bond has less reinvestment risk than a 10-year,
5% coupon bond (assuming all else equal).
c. The total (rate of) return on a bond during a given year is the sum
of the coupon interest payments received during the year and the
change in the value of the bond from the beginning to the end of the
year, divided by the bond's price at the beginning of the year.
d. The price of a 20-year, 10% bond is less sensitive to changes in
interest rates than the price of a 5-year, 10% bond.
e. A $1,000 bond with $100 annual interest payments that has 5 years to
maturity and is not expected to default would sell at a discount if
interest rates were below 9% and at a premium if interest rates were
greater than 11%.
a. If two bonds have the same maturity, the same yield to maturity, and
the same level of risk, the bonds should sell for the same price
regardless of their coupon rates.
b. All else equal, an increase in interest rates will have a greater
effect on the prices of short-term than long-term bonds.
c. All else equal, an increase in interest rates will have a greater
effect on higher-coupon bonds than it will have on lower-coupon
bonds.
d. If a bond’s yield to maturity exceeds its coupon rate, the bond’s
price must be less than its maturity value.
e. If a bond’s yield to maturity exceeds its coupon rate, the bond’s
current yield must be less than its coupon rate.
a. Bond A’s capital gains yield is greater than Bond B’s capital gains
yield.
b. Bond A trades at a discount, whereas Bond B trades at a premium.
c. If the yield to maturity for both bonds remains at 8%, Bond A’s
price one year from now will be higher than it is today, but Bond
B’s price one year from now will be lower than it is today.
d. If the yield to maturity for both bonds immediately decreases to 6%,
Bond A’s bond will have a larger percentage increase in value.
e. Bond A’s current yield is greater than that of Bond B.
a. Two bonds have the same maturity and the same coupon rate. However,
one is callable and the other is not. The difference in prices
between the bonds will be greater if the current market interest
rate is below the coupon rate than if it is above the coupon rate.
b. A callable 10-year, 10% bond should sell at a higher price than an
otherwise similar noncallable bond.
c. Corporate treasurers dislike issuing callable bonds because these
bonds may require the company to raise additional funds earlier than
would be true if noncallable bonds with the same maturity were used.
d. Two bonds have the same maturity and the same coupon rate. However,
one is callable and the other is not. The difference in prices
between the bonds will be greater if the current market interest
rate is above the coupon rate than if it is below the coupon rate.
e. The actual life of a callable bond will always be equal to or less
than the actual life of a noncallable bond with the same maturity.
Therefore, if the yield curve is upward sloping, the required rate
of return will be lower on the callable bond.
a. Senior debt is debt that has been more recently issued, and in
bankruptcy it is paid off after junior debt because the junior debt
was issued first.
b. A company's subordinated debt has less default risk than its senior
debt.
c. Convertible bonds generally have lower coupon rates than non-
convertible bonds of similar default risk because they offer the
possibility of capital gains.
d. Junk bonds typically provide a lower yield to maturity than
investment-grade bonds.
e. A debenture is a secured bond that is backed by some or all of the
firm’s fixed assets.
III.
IBSEN.
A társadalom támaszai.
(Dráma 4 felvonásban. Első előadása a Nemzeti Színházban 1890 április
18.-án.)
IBSEN.
A tenger asszonya.
(Bemutatója a Nemzeti Színházban 1901 szeptember 20.-án.)
HAUPTMANN.
Crampton mester.
(Vígjáték 5 felvonásban, fordította Karczag Vilmos. Első előadása a
Nemzeti Színházban 1897 október 8.-án.)