Lic.

en Marketing · UCES Reconquista · Evaluación Parcial N°2

Asignatura: Inglés I
Fecha: 19/06/2021
Alumna/o:
Unidades a evaluar: 3, 4 y 5.

1. READING COMPREHENSION
1. 1. Read the article and match the headings 1-4 to the paragraphs a-d.

1. Big supermarkets are more efficient.

2. Drinks come cheaper in large cans.
3. Technology improves food production.
4. Supermarkets force producers to cut costs.

MAKE IT CHEAPER AND CHEAPER

How technology pushes down price

a) Technology improves food production.

Prices have fallen in the food business because of advances in food

production and distribution technology. Consumers have benefited
greatly from those advances. People who predicted that the world
would run out of food were wrong. We are producing more and
more food with less and less capital. Food is therefore more
plentiful and cheaper than it has ever been. Spending on food
compared with other goods has fallen for many years, and continues to drop.

b) Big supermarkets are more efficient.

Supermarkets have helped push down prices mainly because of their scale. Like any big
business, they can invest in IT systems that make them efficient. And their size allows
them to buy in bulk. As supermarkets get bigger, the prices get lower.

c) Supermarkets force producers to cut costs.

Huge retail companies such as Wal-Mart have tremendous power and they can put
pressure on producers to cut their margins. As a result, some producers have had to make
cuts. In recent years, Unilever has cut its workforce by 33,000 to 245,000 and dropped lots
of its minor as part of its “path to growth” strategy. Cadbury has shut nearly 20 percent of
its133 factories and cut 10 percent of 55,000 global workforce. These cuts help keep costs
down, and the price of food stays low.

d)Drinks come cheaper in large cans.

Does cheap food make people unhealthy? Cheap food may encourage people to eat more.
Food companies certainly think that giving people more food for their money makes them
buy more. Giving people bigger portions is an easy way of making them feel they have got
a better deal. That is why portions have got larger and larger. In America, soft drinks came
in 8oz (225g) cans in the past, then 12oz (350g), and now come in 20oz (550g) cans. If a
company can sell you an 8oz portion for $7, they can sell you a 12oz portion for $8. The
only extra cost for the company is the food, which probably costs 25 cents. Now
companies are under pressure to stop selling bigger portions for less money. But it is hard
to change the trend.

1. 2. Write T (true) or F (false).

1. It costs less to produce large quantities of food than ever before. T

2. Big supermarkets can offer food at lower prices because they can buy in large
quantities. F
3. Some food producers have reduced their range of products. T
4. To meet supermarket demands, Cadbury employs more workers than before. F
5. Shoppers will buy larger quantities when there is a special price. T
6. For the food companies, larger portions are not much more expensive to produce. F
7. The writer thinks companies will be happy to reduce the sizes of portions. F

2. LISTENING COMPREHENSION

Listen to a job interview and choose the correct options. (Market Leader-
Elementary-track 46)

1. I’ve worked for three / six companies.

2. I wanted to get experience of sales in different industries / countries.
3. I lead the sales team. I’m also chairperson of a local / an international business
association.
4. I now have more responsibility / experience and I plan the sales strategy for the
team.
5. The boss in my last company wasn’t very nice/ easy to work with.

3. VOCABULARY: Describing economic trends

The graph shows information about the American company Motorola. Look
at the figures and complete the sentences with an appropriate verb.

grew - fell - didn’t grow - dropped - increased

1. Between 1998 and 1999, the percentage of sales grew only in two sales
regions.
2. Sales in the USA dropped from 41% to 37%.
3. Sales in Asia Pacific fell by 3%.
4. Sales in Europe, China, Latin America and Japan didn't grow , they remained
steady.
5. As a result of the low volume of total sales, Motorola’s market share
increased.

4. GRAMMAR
4. 1. Present perfect
Complete the sentences with the PRESENT PERFECT form of the verbs in
brackets.

1. They have lived (live) in Barcelona for two years.

2. I has give (give) two presentations this month.
3. Magda is (be) away on business all week.
4. He hasn't changed (not/ change) jobs recently.
5. Have you ever worked (work) abroad?
6. She never had (never/ have) any experience in marketing.

4. 2. Present perfect or past simple

Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs in brackets (present
perfect or past simple).

Nouf Al Sudais 1) studied (study) at the London School of Economics from 2014
to 2018. Then he 2) has applied (apply) for jobs in London. He 3) got (get)
a job in a bank and worked (work) there since that time.

Nouf is fluent in Arabic and English and he 4) studied (study) some French, too.
He 5) has always enjoyed (always enjoy) language study. He loves working in a job where
he can use his languages.
Through his work, Nouf 6) has been meeting (meet) people from all over the world. His
office works closely with an office in Australia, so he 7) goes (go) to Australia
about ten times in the past two years. He 8) visited (visit) Japan and China on
business, too.
Nouf visits his family in Riyadh every year, and last year he 9) saw (see) them
two or three times. They 10) have had (have) a great time.

4. 3. Comparatives and superlatives

Complete the text with the comparative or superlative form of the

adjectives in brackets.

Giorgio Armani, founder of the Armani Group agrees that the last year has been the 1)
badest (bad) for many years for fashion and luxury goods companies. When the
economy is down, people don’t want to spend money. Now, things are slowly getting 2)
better (good), and customers are becoming 3) more optimistic (optimistic),
but they are 4) more careful (careful) about what they buy than they were before.
Quality and value for money are becoming 5) most important (important) and it is 6)
hardest (hard) for companies just to sell something because it has a designer
label. People expect luxury goods to last 7) longer (long) than other goods.
Consumers are 8) more interested (interested) in fashion and design than ever before,
but they expect to be able to buy the 9) newest (new) styles for less.
4.4. Future with will/ going to

Complete the gaps with the correct form of “will” or “going to” and the verbs in
brackets to complete the dialogue.

Helen: What are you doing this weekend, Liz?

Liz: I 1) going to see (see) a new play tomorrow at the Royal Court theater.
Helen: Have you got the tickets yet?
Liz: No, I 2) going to get (get) them this afternoon, actually. Would you like to
come?
Helen: Oh, thank you, that would be nice.
Liz: OK, I 3) will get (get) you a ticket too.
Helen: Great ... what time does it start?
Liz: Eight oclock, but we 4) going to all meet (all meet) in the Green Cafe at 7.15.
Helen: OK, I 5) will meet (meet) you in the cafe, but, er...I 6) going to
(be) there around 7.30.
Liz: That 's fine.
Helen: Oh, one other thing ... I've got no money at the moment... I 7) will pay
(pay) for the ticket on Saturday. Is that OK?
Liz: Yes, that's OK, no problem.
Helen: Great! Why don't we go eat something in the restaurant?
Liz: That's a good idea. I 8) will phone (phone) the others and see if they want to
come too.
Helen: Good, and I 9) going to book (book) a table for us.
Liz: Great! I 10) will meet (meet) you there in a moment.

4.5. Conditionals
Choose the correct options.

If you turn the key, the engine starts/ will start.

If I need your help, I call/ will call you.
When Paul finishes the course, he is/ will be a doctor.

If you need more information, visit/ will visit our website.

When I stay up late, I feel/ will feel tired the next morning.
When the train stops, the doors open/ will open.

4.6. Modals of obligation

Complete with the correct form of have to, don’t have to, need to, don’t
need to, must, mustn’t.

1. Car drivers have to pay to park here.

2. I’ll tell you a secret, but you mustn't tell anyone.
3. Members of the gym need to pay to use it.
4. I don't have to get up early tomorrow because it’s Sunday.
5. Students don't need to use mobile phones during the lessons.
6. I must sleep more hours, I’m very tired.
Criterios de corrección: Para alcanzar un mínimo de 4 deberá tener un 70% de las
respuestas del
examen parcial correctas y deberá tener aprobados el 75% de los trabajos prácticos.