Book Reviews 193

im p e r f e c tio n in th e w o r k is its s e e m in g la c k o f in te r e s t in A u g u s tin e ’s in f lu e n c e

o n s u c h tw e n tie th -c e n tu r y W e s te rn th e o lo g ic a l “ p o w e rh o u s e s ” a s K a r l B a r th ,
R e in h o ld N ie b u h r , E m il B r u n n e r , K a r l R a h n e r , P a u l T illic h , D ie tr ic h B o n h o e f -
f e r, a n d H a n s U r s v o n B a lth a s a r . T o b e f a ir , th e re is a s h o rt a rtic le b y M ic h a e l
J . S c a n lo n o n “ M o d e m T h e o lo g y ” ( 8 2 5 -2 7 ) th a t m e n tio n s a f e w o f th e s e
n a m e s ( m o s tly f o c u s in g , h o w e v e r, o n R o m a n C a th o lic th e o lo g y ) ; b u t s u r e ly
th e y d e s e r v e a s m u c h s p a c e a s M a rtin H e id e g g e r ( 4 2 1 - 2 2 ), E r n s t T r o e lts c h
( 8 5 1 -5 2 ) , A d o lf v o n H a m a c k ( 4 1 4 - 1 6 ) , M a u r ic e B lo n d e l ( 1 0 3 -5 ) , a n d S o re n
K ie r k e g a a rd ( 4 8 4 - 8 6 ) — a ll o f w h o m m e rit th e ir o w n a r tic le s a s r e p r e s e n ta tiv e s
o f th e m o d e rn p e r io d . T h is b e in g s a id , th e e n c y c lo p e d ia s h o u ld b e c o m m e n d e d
f o r th e f a c t th a t it d o e s n o t ig n o re e a s te r n C h r is tia n th e o lo g y ; f o r e x a m p le , th e r e
is a p r o b in g a r tic le o n “ th e C a p p a d o c ia n s ” ( 1 2 1 -2 4 ) b y L e w is A y r e s , a s w e ll
a s a r tic le s o n “ A th a n a s iu s ” ( 7 7 - 7 9 ) , “ O r ig e n ” ( 6 0 3 -5 ) , a n d th e “ O r ig e n is t
C o n tro v e r s y ” ( 6 0 5 - 7 ) . H o w e v e r , a s e p a r a te a rtic le o n A u g u s tin e ’s r e c e p tio n in
E a s te r n O r th o d o x y , w h e r e h e is a v e r y c o n tro v e r s ia l f ig u r e , w o u ld h a v e b e e n
n ic e .
T h is e n c y c lo p e d ia is a n in v a lu a b le s c h o la rly to o l a n d w ill n o d o u b t s e rv e
th is g e n e r a tio n o f s c h o la r s a n d g e n e ra tio n s to c o m e a s a n in d is p e n s a b le h a n d ­
b o o k f o r th e s tu d y o f th e o n e w h o m s h o r tly a f te r h is d e a th P o p e C e le s tin e s o
a p tly d e s c r ib e d a s b e in g “ in te r m a g is tr o s o p tim o s . ”

A n a s ta s s y G a lla h e r M c G ill U n iv e rs ity

The Works of Jonathan Edwards: Sermons and Discourses 1730-1733. Ed­

i t e d b y M a r k V a le r i. V o lu m e 1 7 . N e w H a v e n : Y a le U n iv e r s ity P r e s s ,
1 9 9 9 . IS B N 0 -3 0 0 0 -0 7 8 4 0 -4 . P p . x ii+ 4 8 0 .

Sermons and Discourses 1730-1733 is th e th ird o f a p r o je c te d s ix v o lu m e s o f

J o n a th a n E d w a r d s ’s s e r m o n s d a tin g f r o m 1 7 2 0 to h is d e a th in 1 7 5 8 . T h e f ir s t
v o lu m e , e d ite d b y W ils o n K im n a c h , o f f e r s a n in - d e p th o v e r v ie w o f E d w a rd s ’s
s e rm o n s a n d a n e x a m in a tio n o f h is p r a c tic e s a s a h o m ile tic a l a u th o r . E a c h
s u b s e q u e n t v o lu m e s e e k s to p la c e th e s e r m o n s th a t a re c h o s e n in th e ir h is to ri­
c a l c o n te x t w ith a n e d ito r ia l p r e f a c e . I n th e p r e fa c e to th is v o lu m e , M a rk V a le r i
h a s d o n e a g o o d jo b o f e x p la in in g th e h is to r ic a l, s o c ia l, p o litic a l, e c o n o m ic ,
a n d e c c le s ia s tic a l e th o s o f N e w E n g la n d a n d N o r th a m p to n ( E d w a r d s ’s p la c e
o f m in is tr y ) d u r in g th e p e r io d 1 7 3 0 - 3 3 . V a le ri a c c o m p lis h e s f o u r th in g s in th is
in tr o d u c tio n : H e s e e k s to d e s c r ib e “ th e o v e r a ll c o n to u rs o f E d w a r d s ’s p r e a c h ­
in g , w ith s o m e d is c u s s io n o f P u r ita n a p p r o a c h e s to th e q u e s tio n o f th e r e la tio n
b e tw e e n m o r a l a g e n c y a n d c o n v e r s io n ” ( 3 - 4 ) . H e e x a m in e s E d w a rd s ’s
h o m ile tic a l m e th o d a s w e ll a s th e s e ttin g f o r h is s e r m o n s in c o r p o r a te w o r s h ip .
H e s u m m a r iz e s th e s o c ia l a n d p o litic a l s e ttin g , a n d E d w a rd s ’s r e s p o n s e to it.
A n d h e c o m m e n ts o n th e th r e e d o m in a n t th e m e s th a t r e c u r in th e s e s e r m o n s ,
i.e ., “ th e th e o lo g ic a l e n d o f h u m a n d e p r a v ity , e v a n g e lic a l h u m ilia tio n a s
 194 Book Reviews

p r e p a r a tio n f o r c o n v e r s io n , a n d th e n e c e s s ity o f a d iv in e a n d s u p e rn a tu r a l lig h t

f o r r e g e n e ra tio n ” ( 4 ) .
I f o u n d V a le r i's h a n d lin g o f th e la s t tw o p a r ts o f h is p r e fa c e h e lp f u l a n d
in trig u in g . H e e n te r s in to th e d e ta ils o f th e p o litic a l, e c o n o m ic a n d s o c ia l a f ­
f a irs a n d c o n tr o v e r s ie s o f N o r th a m p to n a n d H a m p s h ir e C o u n ty . F o r e x a m p le ,
h e o u tlin e s th e te n s io n s b e tw e e n th e w e a lth ie r la n d o w n e r s a n d c o m m o n f a m i­
lie s, b e tw e e n th e c r e d ito rs a n d d e b to r s , th e n e w a n d o ld c itiz e n s , a n d th e y o u n g
a n d o ld . V a le ri p o in ts o u t t h a t in h is s e rm o n s E d w a r d s s e e s r e v iv a l a n d re g e n ­
e r a tio n a s th e a n s w e r to th e s e p r o b le m s . I n th e la s t p a r t o f th e in tr o d u c tio n ,
V a le ri e x p o u n d s o n s e v e ra l o f E d w a r d s 's s e rm o n s in c lu d in g th e p o p u la r
“ D iv in e a n d S u p e rn a tu r a l L ig h t.” T h is d is c u s s io n d o e s , in d e e d , illu m in a te E d ­
w a r d s 's th e o lo g y . V a le ri s u g g e s ts th a t E d w a rd s 's e v a n g e lic a l th e o lo g y , fo r
w h ic h h e b e c a m e s o w e ll k n o w n , e m e r g e s in th is p e r io d ; th a t is , in th e y e a r s
ju s t p r io r to h is f ir s t r e v iv a l m in is tr y in 1 7 3 4 .
V a le r i h a s s e le c te d e ig h te e n s e r m o n s ( f o r ty p r e a c h in g u n its ) to r e p r e s e n t
th is f o u r- y e a r p e r io d o f E d w a r d s 's m in is try ( in a n a p p e n d ix h e p r o v id e s a lis t
o f th e 1 7 2 s e rm o n s th a t E d w a rd s p r e a c h e d d u r in g th e s e y e a r s ). T h e s e s e rm o n s
w e re c h o s e n “ to illu m in a te E d w a rd s ' p e r s o n a l d e v e lo p m e n t a s a p r e a c h e r a n d
th e o lo g ia n , a n d th e y in c lu d e w o r k s o f h is to ric a l, p h ilo s o p h ic a l a n d r h e to ric a l
s ig n if ic a n c e ” ( ix ) . In a d d itio n , “ th e y a tte m p t to c o v e r ...th e v a r io u s p u r p o s e s
a n d m a jo r th e m e s f o u n d in E d w a r d s ' s e rm o n s a n d d is c o u r s e s , f r o m s c r ip tu r a l
e x e g e s is to lo c a l p o litic s ” ( ix ) . T h o u g h m a n y o f th e s e r m o n s in th is v o lu m e
h a v e h ith e rto b e e n u n p u b lis h e d , in c lu d e d a r e s e v e r a l o f th o s e b e tte r k n o w n o n e s
w h ic h h a v e b e e n in p r in t n u m e ro u s tim e s in c lu d in g , “ G o d G lo r ifie d in M a n 's
D e p e n d e n c e ,” a n d “ A D iv in e a n d S u p e r n a tu r a l L ig h t.” V a le r i h a s in tr o d u c e d
e a c h s e r m o n b y o u tlin in g its c o n te n t, a n d b y lin k in g it to its h is to r ic a l s e ttin g
a n d E d w a r d s 's o th e r w r itin g s . H e h a s a ls o p r o v id e d a d e ta ile d g e n e ra l in d e x
a n d a b ib lic a l r e f e r e n c e in d e x .
I h ig h ly r e c o m m e n d th is v o lu m e to E d w a rd s e a n s c h o la r s , c o lle c to r s , a n d
to a ll lib r a ria n s . F o r th o s e in te r e s te d in r e a d in g p u r ita n , e v a n g e lic a l s e r m o n s ,
E d w a rd s is o n e o f th e la s t b u t a ls o o n e o f th e b e s t o f th a t g e n r e .

B a r ry H o w s o n V a n k le e k H ill, O N

Faith and Reason. E d ite d b y P a u l H e lm . N e w Y o r k : O x f o r d U n i v e r s i t y

P re ss, 1 9 9 9 . IS B N 0 -1 9 -2 8 9 2 9 0 -8 . P p . 4 1 5 .

T h is b o o k c o n tr ib u te s to th e O x f o r d R e a d e r s s e r ie s , e a c h v o lu m e o f w h ic h is
in te n d e d to s u p p ly a n a n th o lo g y o f p e r tin e n t s e le c tio n s o n s o m e s u b je c t o f
a b id in g d is c u s s io n a n d d e b a te . P a u l H e lm h a s d o n e a f in e jo b in b r in g in g to ­
g e th e r a v e r y w o r th w h ile c o lle c tio n o f n e a r ly 1 2 0 e x c e r p ts v a r io u s ly r e la tin g to
th is e n d u rin g to p ic . T h e e n tr ie s a r e in te n tio n a lly c o n fin e d to th e W e s te rn , a n d
la rg e ly C h r is tia n , tr a d itio n . H e lm m a k e s n o p r e te n s io n to e lu c id a te o n h o w