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Chapter 06 - Cytogenetics - Karyotypes and Chromosome Aberrations
True / False
1. Trisomy 21 is the only autosomal trisomy that allows survival into adulthood.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Remember
REFERENCES: 6-5 Variations in Chromosome Number
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-5-2 - Explain how the chromosomal abnormalities of triploidy and
tetraploidy occur, and list the characteristics of each genetic condition.
4. Using fetal DNA from the mother’s blood for prenatal testing is a noninvasive procedure.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-4 Analyzing Karyotypes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-4-4 - Describe the procedure of prenatal testing using fetal DNA or free
fetal DNA (ffDNA), identify its uses, and list its advantage over amniocentesis and CVS.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-2-1 - Identify the physical characteristics of a human chromosome and
of a chromosome set.
7. Chromosomes are usually studied and photographed while they are in anaphase of mitosis.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-3 Making a Karyotype
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-3-1 - Define the term karyotype and describe the process of karyotype
preparation.
8. The risk of having a child with Down syndrome due to a chromosomal translocation is independent of maternal age.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Remember
REFERENCES: 6-8 Structural Changes Within and Between Chromosomes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-8-3 - Describe the two major types of translocations and explain the
relationship of Robertsonian translocations to Down syndrome.
10. Viral infections are not considered a risk factor for autosomal trisomy because a virus cannot affect human
chromosome arrangement.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
Multiple Choice
c. three gametes will be normal and one will have two extra chromosomes
d. all gametes will be normal
e. all gametes will be abnormal
ANSWER: e
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-5 Variations in Chromosome Number
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-5-2 - Explain how the chromosomal abnormalities of triploidy and
tetraploidy occur, and list the characteristics of each genetic condition.
15. Studies of sex chromosome aneuploidy reveal that ____ necessary for survival.
a. the X chromosome is not
b. the Y chromosome is not
c. two copies of the X chromosome are
d. two copies of the Y chromosome are
e. at least one copy of both the X and the Y chromosome is
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-7 Sex Chromosome Aneuploidy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-7-2 - Discuss the conclusions that can be drawn from the study of sex
chromosome disorders.
16. One important difference between amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling is that ____.
a. chorionic villus sampling is more routine
b. amniocentesis can diagnose chromosome disorders, while chorionic villus sampling cannot
c. chorionic villus sampling can be done earlier in the pregnancy than amniocentesis
d. maternal risks are higher with chorionic villus sampling
e. the risk of miscarriage is higher with amniocentesis than with chorionic villus sampling
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-4 Analyzing Karyotypes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-4-3 - Describe the procedure of chorionic villus sampling (CVS),
identify its uses, and list its advantages over amniocentesis.
17. About ____ percent of children with Down syndrome are severely intellectually disabled.
a. five
b. ten
c. twenty-five
d. thirty
e. forty
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Remember
REFERENCES: 6-1 Facing a Life-Changing Decision
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-1-1 - Identify the most common chromosomal disorder in humans and
outline the range of disabilities that could occur in an affected child.
19. When constructing a karyotype, the chromosome images are arranged in pairs according to ____________________
and ____________________.
a. size; telomere location
b. size; centromere location
c. banding pattern; centromere location
d. banding pattern; telomere location
e. size; banding pattern
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-3 Making a Karyotype
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-3-1 - Define the term karyotype and describe the process of karyotype
preparation.
20. The letters G, Q, R, and C, used to describe the appearance of chromosomes, refer to the ____.
a. position of the bands
b. staining procedure used to reveal the bands
c. number of arms per chromosome
d. number of centromeres per chromosome
e. position of the centromeres
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Remember
REFERENCES: 6-4 Analyzing Karyotypes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-4-1 - List the cell types used to produce a karyotype, and describe the
techniques used in karyotype analysis.
22. More than ____ percent of couples decide to terminate a Down syndrome pregnancy.
a. ten
b. thirty
c. fifty
d. seventy
e. ninety
ANSWER: e
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Remember
REFERENCES: 6-1 Facing a Life-Changing Decision
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-1-1 - Identify the most common chromosomal disorder in humans and
outline the range of disabilities that could occur in an affected child.
23. Regions at the ends of chromosomes that prevent chromosomes from sticking to each other are called ____.
a. satellites
b. telomeres
c. centromeres
d. q zones
e. p zones
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Remember
REFERENCES: 6-2 The Human Chromosome Set
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-2-1 - Identify the physical characteristics of a human chromosome and
of a chromosome set.
24. A deletion in the short arm of chromosome 5 is associated with ____ syndrome, which causes intellectual disability,
defects in facial development, and an abnormal larynx.
a. Down
b. Klinefelter
c. Turner
d. cri du chat
e. XYY
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Remember
REFERENCES: 6-8 Structural Changes Within and Between Chromosomes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-8-2 - Explain the cause of cri du chat syndrome and list its symptoms.
e. translocation
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-5 Variations in Chromosome Number
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-5-1 - Outline the common chromosomal abnormalities observed in
humans.
26. About ____ percent of all newborns are affected with an abnormal karyotype.
a. 0.001
b. 0.01
c. 0.05
d. 0.5
e. 1.0
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Remember
REFERENCES: 6-9 What Are Some Consequences of Aneuploidy?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-9-1 - Report on the data supporting the concept that aneuploidies are a
major cause of miscarriage.
27. Autism, Alzheimer disease, Parkinson’s disease, and schizophrenia are all associated with ____.
a. copy number variants
b. fragile sites
c. inversions
d. deletions
e. translocations
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-10 Other Forms of Chromosome Changes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-10-1 - Describe the chromosomal changes that are not detectable by
karyotype analysis, including uniparental disomy (UPD), copy number variants (CNVs), and
fragile sites.
28. The major physical symptom associated with Klinefelter syndrome is ____.
a. facial deformation
b. fertility problems
c. short stature
d. intellectual disability
e. heart abnormalities
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-7 Sex Chromosome Aneuploidy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-7-1 - Summarize the characteristics of sex chromosome aneuploidies
observed in humans, including Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, and XYY syndrome.
30. In a(n) ____ translocation, two nonhomologous chromosomes exchange parts and no genetic information is gained or
lost from the cell in the exchange.
a. cri du chat
b. XXY
c. copy number
d. Robertsonian
e. reciprocal
ANSWER: e
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-8 Structural Changes Within and Between Chromosomes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-8-3 - Describe the two major types of translocations and explain the
relationship of Robertsonian translocations to Down syndrome.
Completion
32. The karyotype designation for an infant with a deletion in the short arm of chromosome 5 (cri du chat syndrome) is
____________________
ANSWER: 46, del(5p)
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Analyze
REFERENCES: 6-4 Analyzing Karyotypes
6-8 Structural Changes Within and Between Chromosomes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-4-1 - List the cell types used to produce a karyotype, and describe the
techniques used in karyotype analysis.
HUHE.CUMM.16.6-8-2 - Explain the cause of cri du chat syndrome and list its symptoms.
33. Researchers have suggested that all live-born infants with Turner syndrome are actually ____________________,
with both 46,XX and 45,X cells present in their bodies.
ANSWER: mosaics
34. The karyotype designation for a female with X chromosome trisomy is ____________________.
ANSWER: 47, XXX
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Analyze
REFERENCES: 6-4 Analyzing Karyotypes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-4-1 - List the cell types used to produce a karyotype, and describe the
techniques used in karyotype analysis.
37. One possible explanation for why ____________________ is a primary risk factor for autosomal trisomy is that
oocytes remain in meiosis I until ovulation, which could take place many years after birth, making them more susceptible
to damage.
ANSWER: maternal age
age
age of the mother
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-6 What Are the Risks for Autosomal Trisomy?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-6-2 - Explain why maternal age is the leading risk factor for trisomy.
38. One technique for chromosome analysis is called ____________________, which uses chromosome-specific DNA
sequences attached to fluorescent dyes to target specific chromosomal regions.
ANSWER: chromosome painting
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Remember
REFERENCES: 6-4 Analyzing Karyotypes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-4-1 - List the cell types used to produce a karyotype, and describe the
techniques used in karyotype analysis.
39. Approximately 40% of all children with Down syndrome have congenital ____________________ defects.
ANSWER: heart
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Remember
REFERENCES: 6-5 Variations in Chromosome Number
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Chapter 06 - Cytogenetics - Karyotypes and Chromosome Aberrations
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-5-3 - Describe the progression and characteristics of aneuploidy, and
differentiate among monosomy, trisomy 13, trisomy 18, and trisomy 21.
41. A chromosome whose centromere is placed very close to, but not at, one end is called a(n) ____________________
chromosome.
ANSWER: acrocentric
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-2 The Human Chromosome Set
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-2-1 - Identify the physical characteristics of a human chromosome and
of a chromosome set.
42. Amniocentesis collects cells from the fluid surrounding the fetus in order to prepare a(n) ____________________.
ANSWER: karyotype
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-4 Analyzing Karyotypes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-4-2 - Summarize the procedures of amniocentesis, chorionic villus
sampling (CVS), and fetal DNA or free fetal DNA (ffDNA), and compare and contrast the
advantages of each.
44. Changes in the number of copies of chromosomal DNA segments and the genes they contain are called
____________________.
ANSWER: copy number variants
CNVs
CNV
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Remember
REFERENCES: 6-10 Other Forms of Chromosome Changes
45. Karyotypes prepared from chorionic villus cells can be used to identify many ____________________ abnormalities.
ANSWER: chromosomal
chromosome
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-4 Analyzing Karyotypes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-4-1 - List the cell types used to produce a karyotype, and describe the
techniques used in karyotype analysis.
HUHE.CUMM.16.6-4-3 - Describe the procedure of chorionic villus sampling (CVS),
identify its uses, and list its advantages over amniocentesis.
47. A condition in which both copies of a chromosome are inherited from one parent is called ____________________.
ANSWER: uniparental disomy
UPD
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Remember
REFERENCES: 6-10 Other Forms of Chromosome Changes
48. The FRAX A site near the tip of the long arm of the X chromosome is associated with a form of intellectual disability
known as Martin-Bell syndrome, or ____________________.
ANSWER: fragile-X syndrome
fragile-X
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Remember
REFERENCES: 6-10 Other Forms of Chromosome Changes
49. Almost all chromosomally abnormal embryos and fetuses are ____________________ as pregnancy progresses.
ANSWER: eliminated
miscarried
spontaneously aborted
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-9 What Are Some Consequences of Aneuploidy?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-9-1 - Report on the data supporting the concept that aneuploidies are a
major cause of miscarriage.
50. Free fetal DNA (ffDNA) originates from the breakdown of fetal cells and their nuclei in the ____________________.
ANSWER: amniotic fluid
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-4 Analyzing Karyotypes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-4-4 - Describe the procedure of prenatal testing using fetal DNA or free
fetal DNA (ffDNA), identify its uses, and list its advantage over amniocentesis and CVS.
Essay
51. Define aneuploidy and describe the sex chromosome aneuploidies involved in Turner syndrome, Klinefelter
syndrome, and XYY syndrome; list characteristics of each disorder.
ANSWER: Changes in chromosome number that involve less than a whole chromosome set are called
aneuploidy. In its simplest form, aneuploidy involves the gain or loss of a single
chromosome. Loss of a single chromosome is known as monosomy, and the gain of a single
chromosome is known as trisomy. Females with Turner syndrome have monosomy of the X
chromosome and are typically short, wide-chested, with rudimentary ovaries and puffiness of
the hands and feet. They may have an aortic constriction, but there is no intellectual disability
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 11
Chapter 06 - Cytogenetics - Karyotypes and Chromosome Aberrations
associated with this condition. Most males with Klinefelter syndrome have an extra X
chromosome (XXY). They have fertility problems but few other symptoms. Males carrying
two Y chromosomes have XYY syndrome. Most are above average in height, have
personality disorders, and are of subnormal intelligence.
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-5 Variations in Chromosome Number
6-7 Sex Chromosome Aneuploidy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-5-3 - Describe the progression and characteristics of aneuploidy, and
differentiate among monosomy, trisomy 13, trisomy 18, and trisomy 21.
HUHE.CUMM.16.6-7-1 - Summarize the characteristics of sex chromosome aneuploidies
observed in humans, including Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, and XYY syndrome.
52. Define the term translocation and describe the two major types and their phenotypic consequences.
ANSWER: Translocations move part of a chromosome to another, nonhomologous chromosome. There
are two major types of translocations: reciprocal translocations and Robertsonian
translocations. In a reciprocal translocation, two nonhomologous chromosomes exchange
parts. No genetic information is gained or lost from the cell in the exchange, but genes are
moved to new chromosomal locations. In some cases, there are no phenotypic effects, and the
translocation is passed through a family for generations. Robertsonian translocations can
produce genetically unbalanced gametes with duplicated or deleted chromosomal segments
that can result in embryonic death or abnormal offspring.
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-8 Structural Changes Within and Between Chromosomes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-8-3 - Describe the two major types of translocations and explain the
relationship of Robertsonian translocations to Down syndrome.
53. Define the terms triploidy and autosomal trisomy and describe characteristics and consequences of each genetic
disorder.
ANSWER: The most common form of polyploidy in humans is triploidy. Triploidy occurs when the
chromosomal number is three times the haploid number. Triploid newborns have multiple
abnormalities, including an enlarged head fused fingers and toes, and malformations of the
mouth, eyes, and genitals. The high rate of embryonic death and failure to survive after birth
indicates that triploidy is a lethal condition. Most autosomal trisomies, a type of aneuploidy
usually caused by nondisjunction, are lethal during prenatal development and account for up
to 50% of the chromosomal abnormalities seen in miscarriages. Only a few autosomal
trisomies result in live births. Down syndrome, trisomy 21, is the only autosomal trisomy that
allows survival into adulthood.
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-5 Variations in Chromosome Number
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-5-1 - Outline the common chromosomal abnormalities observed in
humans.
HUHE.CUMM.16.6-5-2 - Explain how the chromosomal abnormalities of triploidy and
tetraploidy occur, and list the characteristics of each genetic condition.
54. There are no cases of -XX or Y individuals, but X individuals do exist. Propose an explanation for this statistic.
ANSWER: Embryos without an X chromosome are not observed in miscarriages; these must be
eliminated early in development—perhaps even before pregnancy is recognized. At least one
copy of an X chromosome is essential for survival. The most likely explanation is that the X
chromosome contains the majority of genes that encode for human development and that the
Y chromosome is primarily the carrier of genes responsible for development into a male.
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 12
Chapter 06 - Cytogenetics - Karyotypes and Chromosome Aberrations
55. Explain how to determine if a nondisjunction occurred during meiosis I or meiosis II and what the genetic
consequences are for the resulting fertilized gametes.
ANSWER: If nondisjunction occurs in meiosis I, all gametes will be abnormal and carry either both
members of a chromosomal pair or neither member of the pair. Nondisjunction in meiosis II
produces 50% normal haploid cells and 50% abnormal cells, one with an extra copy of a
chromosome and one missing a chromosome. Fertilization between gametes with an extra
copy of a chromosome and a haploid gamete will result in trisomy; fusion of a haploid
gamete and one missing a copy of a specific chromosome will result in monosomy. The
phenotypic effects of aneuploidy range from minor physical symptoms to devastating and
lethal conditions. Among survivors, phenotypic effects often include behavioral deficits and
intellectual disability.
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-5 Variations in Chromosome Number
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-5-3 - Describe the progression and characteristics of aneuploidy, and
differentiate among monosomy, trisomy 13, trisomy 18, and trisomy 21.
56. Describe normal embryo formation and two mechanisms of nondisjunction represented in the figure and identify the
consequences of these chromosomal anomalies.
ANSWER: The figure represents uniparental disomy, which can be produced by several mechanisms
involving nondisjunction. (a) Normal chromosomal configuration where gametes contain one
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 13
Chapter 06 - Cytogenetics - Karyotypes and Chromosome Aberrations
copy of each chromosome and fertilization produces a zygote carrying two copies of a
chromosome—one derived from each parent. (b) Nondisjunction in both parents, in which
one gamete carries both copies of a chromosome and the other gamete is missing a copy of
that chromosome. Fertilization produces a diploid zygote, but both copies of one
chromosome are inherited from a single parent. (c) Nondisjunction in one parent, resulting in
the loss of a chromosome. This gamete fuses with a normal gamete to produce a zygote
monosomic for a chromosome. An error in the first mitotic division results in duplication of
the monosomic chromosome, producing uniparental disomy.
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Analyze
REFERENCES: 6-10 Other Forms of Chromosome Changes
PREFACE NAME: Embryo
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-10-2 - Describe the chromosomal changes that are not detectable by
karyotype analysis, including uniparental disomy (UPD), copy number variants (CNVs), and
fragile sites.
57. Explain how the terms diploid and haploid relate to human chromosome number in both autosomes and sex cells.
ANSWER: Humans have 46 chromosomes that exist in pairs, with most cells having 23 homologous
pairs, or 46 chromosomes. This is the diploid, or 2n, number of chromosomes. One member
of each homologous pair is contributed by each parent. Certain cells, such as eggs and sperm
(gametes), contain only one copy of each chromosome. These cells have 23 chromosomes,
which is the haploid, or n, number of chromosomes.
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-2 The Human Chromosome Set
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-2-1 - Identify the physical characteristics of a human chromosome and
of a chromosome set.
58. Explain why geneticists believe that almost all chromosomally abnormal embryos and fetuses are eliminated as
pregnancy progresses.
ANSWER: Comparison of the number of chromosomal abnormalities detected by CVS (performed at 8
to 10 weeks of gestation) versus amniocentesis (at 16 weeks of gestation) shows that the
abnormalities detected by CVS are two to five times more common than those detected by
amniocentesis, which in turn are about two times more common than those found in
newborns. This decrease in the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities during pregnancy
provides evidence that almost all chromosomally abnormal embryos and fetuses are
eliminated as pregnancy progresses.
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand
REFERENCES: 6-9 What Are Some Consequences of Aneuploidy?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-9-2 - Outline three main consequences of aneuploidy in humans.
59. List at least three types of information provided by a karyotype and interpret the chromosomal structural abnormality
written as 46,XX,t(18q).
ANSWER: A karyotype provides several kinds of information: (1) the number of chromosomes present,
(2) the number and type of sex chromosomes, (3) the presence or absence of individual
chromosomes, and (4) the nature and extent of detectable structural abnormalities. The
chromosome abnormality presented can be interpreted as a female who carries a translocation
in the long arm of chromosome 18 but otherwise is chromosomally normal.
DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Analyze
REFERENCES: 6-4 Analyzing Karyotypes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: HUHE.CUMM.16.6-4-1 - List the cell types used to produce a karyotype, and describe the
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 14
Chapter 06 - Cytogenetics - Karyotypes and Chromosome Aberrations
Language: Finnish
Romaani
Kirj.
KAARLO TERHI
"Kuka teistä lyö vetoa siitä, etten minä ole naimisissa ennen
tämän vuoden loppua?"
"Jos joku herroista on ilman portinavainta, niin hän voi tilata sen
minun välitykselläni."
"Aasi!"
"Kalle kulta!
Katriltasi.
Hän avasi käärön ja piti sitä ylhäällä. Se oli seinäkudos, johon oli
ommeltu soma mökki pienen lammen rannalla. Tuvan ikkunasta kiilui
tuli, takasta tuprusi sininen savu kohden korkeutta.
"Yhden…!"
"Kaksi… kolme… neljä… viisi…"
"Esimerkiksi?"
"Muun muassa se, että… että minä… että minä niin kamalasti
rakastan sinua."
Katri päästi vallattoman, iloisen naurun. Ja kietoen taas kätensä
kaulaani hän puheli:
"Ei, Katriseni", sanoin minä, "me emme eroa, Minä olen tehnyt
päätökseni, enkä peruuta sitä. Ja sitä paitsi… veto… tiedäthän…"
"En minä kehtaa sinun kanssasi kävellä, ellet hanki oikeata hattua.
Sulhasmiehen pitää olla moitteettomasti puettu."
Estääkseni enempien vihollisuuksien puhkeamisen lupasin ostaa
uuden pääkappaleen — niin pian kuin saan rahoja. Viimeiset sanani
olivat strateeginen liike, jonka tarkoitus oli turvata avoin
peräytymistie.
*****
Katri tuli nyt vasta hupsuksi, ilosta, ja aikoi suin päin syöksyä
sedän kaulaan, mutta minä sain onneksi hihasta kiinni.