I.

OBJECTIVES

A. Content Standard:
The learners have an understanding of the common prac-
Republic of the Philippines tices in business organizations decorum, protocol, policies,
marketing, bookkeeping, reportorial requirements and doc-
Department of Education umentation, etc.)

REGION III
B. Performance Standard:
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BULACAN
The learners shall be able to craft simple “Codes of Ethics”
NAME OF SCHOOL
or “Codes of Right Conduct”

C. Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELCs)

BUSINESS ETHICS The learners shall be to formulate a “code of ethics” that re-
flect core principles derived from analyses.

D. Specific Objectives:

1. Define and understand the common practices in business

organization like decorum, protocol, policies and etc.;
ACTIVITY SHEET 3 2. Craft simple codes of ethics or codes of right conduct; and
3. Apply the common practices in business organization.
(Quarter 1, Week 3)

II. CONTENT

NAME: ____________________________________________________
LAST NAME FIRST NAME M.I. LESSON 1: Business Ethics
STRAND/GRADE/SECTION:_____________________________________ LESSON 2: Codes of Ethics
DATE OF SUBMISSION: ________________________________________
MM / DD / YY

1 2
III. PROCEDURES 3. Company A hires external auditor to evalu-
__________________________________

ate and assess the company’s financial statement. If the ex-

A. Preliminary Activities :
PRE-TEST: Write E if the statement is ETHICAL and UE is
the statement is UNETHICAL. Write your answer in the pres-
cribed answer sheet.
ternal auditor arrives at the conclusion that there is a dis-
crepancy on their accounts, the company will make sure that
the accountants and other financial employees and executives
will make necessary adjustment as part of their responsibil-
ity.

1. Obeying Company’s rules and regulation even others do

not abide. __________________4. Ms. Garcia, the manager of Treasury De-
partment, reported all the financial aspect of the company ac-
2. Taking credit for others hard work.
curately to all board of directors.
3. Extending lunch / snack breaks.
4. Using office printer for personal needs.
__________________5. The night shift security guard of Company
5. Changing the price of the product/s if it is high in de-
Y makes sure that he conduct his nightly building rounds
mand to earn more profits.
every 2 hours to secure company’s assets.
6. Showing initiative without being told.
7. Conducting personal business during office hours.
B. Presenting the New Lesson
8. Lying to the customer to increase profit.
Let this Picture Talk: Analyze the illustration and answer
9. Exchanging with important company’s information to
the guide questions below. Write 2-3 sentences to ex-
your best friend.
plain your answer.
10. Having a secret office romance because it is not allowed.

RECAPITULATION: Identify what principle (Accountability,

Fairness, Transparency, or Stewardship) is being applied in
the following situation. Write your answer on the prescribed
answer sheet.
Business
1. Teacher Kim keeps his class record up-
__________________________________
Permit
dated and organized he gives his grade objectively.

__________________2. XYZ Company holds quarterly board

meeting to ensure that every employee is well-informed about
the current situation of the organization.

3 4

Guide Questions:
1. What feelings and thoughts came to your mind whey you
saw the illustration above?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
2. What ethical issue is conveyed in the picture?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
IV. DISCUSSION
LESSON 1: BUSINESS ETHICS
Business and Ethics are always interrelated. Ethics guides us
that we are doing the right things. In the conduct of our busi-
ness, we need the to follow ethical standards of the company.
But first, let us define what is Ethics?
Ethics is derived from the Greek word “ethikos” which means
having to do with the character. The Latin word for ethos is
“mos” (or mores). That is why we know Ethics as Moral Science
or Moral Philosophy. It refers to the theory of morality of right
conduct.
5 6
hat is Business Ethics?
Ethics is the discipline that investigates the rightness or
wrongness of human actions. When this disciplines is used to
explore the rightness or wrongness of business activities and
the conduct of business persons and professionals, then it is
called Business Ethics.
Other Definition of Business Ethics
1. Business Ethics systematic study of ethics as applied to
the issues arising in business.
2. Business Ethics is the study of perceptions of people about
morality , moral norms, moral rules, and ethical principles as
they apply to people and institutions in business.
3. Business Ethics is the study of good and evil, right and
wrong, and just and unjust actions in business.
4. Business Ethics involves the application of standards of
moral behavior to business situations.
5. Business Ethics is a study of moral standards and how
these apply to the social systems of organizations through
which modern societies .
Three Sub-fields of Ethics
1. Metaethics - focuses mainly on the investigation of the sources of
our ethical principles. It is concerned with what we mean when we
use word like “right or wrong” or “good or bad”.
Example:
It is wrong to kill
2. Normative Ethics - attempts to come up with those ethical princi-
ples that we can use to judge whether our actions are right or wrong.
It evaluates the standard “rightness and wrongness” of the action.
Example:
It is wrong to kill one person to save many lives
3. Applied Ethics - investigates morally debatable issues such as
death penalty, the use of artificial contraceptives, euthanasia, and
others. Business ethics is an applied ethics because it generally talks
about the morally debatable issues in the field of business and com-
merce.
Example:
During Pandemic it is right to increase the price of
alcohol since the demand is high and seller can have the
opportunity to earned more profits.
Lesson 2: CODES OF ETHICS
To ensure that all those principles are practiced by all employ-
ee in the organization, Code of Ethics , or Code of Conduct are
crafted to be guiding light of the business in ensuring good eth-
ical practice.
What is Code of Ethics?
Ethical Code or Code of Ethics are principles adopted by
an organization to assist those in the organization called
upon to decide; it is about understanding the difference
between “right” and “wrong” and to apply this understand-
ing to their decision.
In addition, the Code of ethics is a written set of guidelines
issued by an organization to its workers and management
to help them conduct their actions in accordance with its
primary values and ethical standards.
• Code of Conduct it is a document designed to influ-
ence the behavior of employees. They set out proce-
dures to be used in specific ethical situations and delin-
eate whether violation of the code of ethics occurred
and, if so, remedies should be imposed.
7 8
• Code of Practice it is adopted by a profession or by the
a governmental or non-governmental organization to
regulate that profession. It may be styled as a code of
professional responsibility, which will discuss difficult
issues, difficult decisions that will often need to be
made, and provide a clear account of what behavior is
considered “ethical” or “correct” or “right” in the cir-
cumstances.
• Code of Ethics is not written solely for the purpose of
doing ethical business practice. It can be also applied
and practiced in school government, and even profes-
sional group.
There is code of ethics for teachers, accountants, engi-
neers, lawyers, doctors, nurses and all other professionals
to ensure that they are following the same ethical stand-
ards in their professionals practice.
Consideration in Ethical Decision-Making
1. Know all the facts and circumstances.
2. Identify other needed information and find ways to attain
them.
3. Identify the ethical problems and issues involved.
4. Identify those who will be affected by any decision that
you will make. Picture the possible reactions, feelings, and
insights of those who will be affected.
5. Consult the various ethical principles that you studied in
your Ethics subject. But remember that these ethical the-
ories are not the end-all and be-all of correct ethical rea-
soning.
6. Consult people especially those whom you trust much and
those who you believe to embody firm values and moral
principles.
7. Think of your family and whether they will agree and sup-
port you on your decision.

8. Think of your personal relationship with your God and
how this will factor in your decision.
9. Ask yourself whether your decision contributes to your
overall idea of a meaningful life, a worthwhile living and
virtuous person.
10. Make a decision and own it.
11. Always remember that your final decision may be revised
in the event that when it comes to resolving an ethical di-
lemma, a final decision will never remain final after all.
INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY 1:
CROSSWORD PUZZLE : Fill-in the crossword puzzle by identi-
fing the statement being asked. Match the word to the boxes
placed across and down the grid. Write your answer in the
prescribed answer sheet.
9 10
ACROSS
3 Code of _________, it is adopted by a professions to regulate
that professions.
5 Code of _______ is not written solely for the purpose of doing
ethical business practice.
7 It evaluates the standard of “rightness and wrongness” of an
action.
8 Ethical ____ are principles adopted by and organization to
assess those int eh organization called upon to decision.
10 A Greek word which means having to do with the character.
DOWN
1 A theory of morality on right or wrong.
2 It focuses mainly on the investigation of the source of our
ethical principles.
4 A sub-fields of Ethics which investigates morally debatable
issues
6 Code of _______ is a document designed to influence the
behavior of the employee.
9 A Latin word for Ethos.
INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT 1:
APPLICATION: Interview your father, mother, guardian or any
other relative regarding Ethical Issues that they have encoun-
tered in their work. Describe how the management handles the
issues and if he/she agrees or not with the management deci-
sions and why?. Write your answer on the prescribed
answer sheet.
 b. consider it yours unless someone looks for it and
you can give it back.
Ethical Issue/s:
c. turn it over to your teacher just in case someone
looks for it.

d. none of the above.

2. You are walking with your friends at the park, you saw one of
them drop a soda can in the pavement even there is a trash
Management Decision regarding the issue/s:
bin near you. You:
a. would not say anything since it is not you who did
it.
b. tell your friend to pick it up and throw it properly in
the trash bin.

c. will pick it up yourself and throw it properly.

Do they agree or not with the management decision in handling the ethical
issue/s? Why? d. none of the above

3. Your company has a policy regarding NO GIFTS or ACCEPT-

ING GIFTS from customers or suppliers to prevent any issues
regarding bribery in the organization. However during Christ-
mas season, one of your supplier who happened to be also
your friend gave you a Christmas gift. You:

a. will accept the gift because it was given to you as a

INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY 2:
friend but not as a your company’s supplier.
HOW ETHICAL ARE YOU: Read each statement carefully and
b. will accept the gift because it customary for Filipinos
using the different ethics principles, identify what would be
to give and accept gives during Christmas season.
the best answer in each situation. Write your answer in the
prescribed answer sheet. c. will accept the gift because it was given to you with
out asking anything in return.
1. After finding a Php. 500.00 in the floor of your classroom d. none of the above
during lunch break. You:

a. keep it because you believe in the finder’s keeper

philosophy.

11 12
4. During the annual meeting, your boss has congratulated
you for a job well done. However the accomplishment is not
yours but from your co-worker who was absent during he
said meeting. You:
a. will stay quite because it is not your fault but the
fault of your boss.
b. Wills stay silent during the meeting and later on
explain to your co– worker that it is not your fault
you are being recognize.
c. will tell your boss after the meeting that he made
mistake in recognizing you instead of your co-
worker.
d. none of the above
5. After you and your family had a dinner in a nice restaurant,
you got the check and upon checking you saw that there
was discrepancy of Php. 2,000.00 on the bill. You:
a. just pay the bill, since it was their mistake.
b. pay the bill and give the difference as tip to the
waiter because you knew it help him a lot.
c. talk to the manger and asked him/her to recompute
the bill but tell him/her to give you discount for be-
ing honest.
d. none of the above
13
INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT 2:
MINI CASE STUDY: Read and analyze the case below. Answer
the given guide question.
CASE ANALYSIS
The Strange Case of Mighty Cigarettes
In January of 2013, the government’s revised “sin tax” law came into
effect. With this came the stipulation that cigarette makers were to
begin paying 12 pesos per pack as a “sin tax,” which was a stagger-
ing rise over the previous sin tax of just less than three pesos per
pack.
It was in this new regulatory environment that, almost miraculously,
Mighty Corporation of Bulacan came practically out of nowhere to
take over a substantial share of the country’s cigarette market.
Mighty Corporation manufacture Mighty cigarettes. Before the re-
vised sin tax, Mighty cigarettes were a near insignificant presence in
the market. But with the revised sin tax in place, Mighty sales sud-
denly exploded. The reason: the brand’s impossibly low price.
All other cigarette manufacturers had been forced to raise their pric-
es astronomically because of the revised tax scheme. Aside from the
additional sin tax per pack, there were also the value added tax of
1.58 pesos per pack. In all, taxes alone should account for over
13.50 pesos per pack.
Yet Mighty cigarettes were being sold at wholesale for just 14.70 pe-
sos per pack. That is just a little over a peso per pack to pay for the
cost of producing the pack, for profits, and even for collateral costs
such as shipping and handling. One peso compared to the typical
prices of other low-cost cigarettes that were already hovering at the
30 pesos mark. One can see why Mighty cigarettes can suddenly
capture market leadership, especially for the cost-conscious market.
14
The only possible reason for this was that the company was misdeclar-
ing the total number of cigarettes that it was producing. It is effectively RUBRICS
“smuggling” manufactured cigarettes to wholesalers without paying
taxes on them-based on AC Nielson studies of nationwide cigarette ASSESSMENT RUBRIC
sales which showed Mighty to be the leading brand in provincial mar-
kets.
CRITERIA 4 3 2 1
However, Mighty Corporation did see that what they are doing is wrong
since the aim of every business is to earn profits and they just sell it on Require- All require- Almost all re- At least 50% Less than 50%
wholesale price rather than retail price. This serves as their marketing ment ment content quirement requirement requirement
strategy. was presented content was content was content was
presented presented presented
Highly effec- Functional Ideas are Ideas are dis-
Guide Question: tive sequenc- sequence with somewhat connected
Structure
ing of present- evidence of an connected to without evi-
1. Do you think the Might Cigarettes strategy is ethical? Why?
ing ideas with organizational organizational dence of an
strong organi- pattern pattern organizational
zational pat- pattern
tern
Includes sig- Includes many Includes few Missing or
nificant rele- details to sup- details to sup- weak facts or
Content
vant, and port infor- port infor- details
compelling mation or po- mation or po-
details or facts sition though sition many
to support few are not all are not rele-
information relevant vant
Evidence of Evidence of Few evidence New learning
genuine learn- learning of learning is not evident.
Knowledge
ing not just a though some most of the Not developed
/ Applica-
repeat of infor- information information or tied into
tion
mation found appears to appears to past
just be given just be given knowledge
Virtually no Few spelling A number of So many
grammatical and grammati- spelling and spelling and
Grammar
errors cal errors grammatical grammatical
errors errors

15 16
V. REFLECTION
Directions: Reflect on what you have learned after tak- VI. ASSESSMENT
ing up this lesson by completing the chart below in 2-3
Post Test: Write TRUTH if the statement is TRUE and LIE if
sentences. Write your answer on the Organization and
the statement FALSE. Write your answer in the prescribed an-
Management notebook. swer sheet.

I thought ... ______________1. Ethical character traits includes integrity,

What were your ideas honesty and justice.
and thoughts regard- ______________2. Employee should obey only written works
ing ETHICS, BUSI- rules.
NESS ETHICS and ______________3. Ethics is a set of principles of conduct govern-
CODES OF ETHICS? ing an individual or group.
______________4. There is a code of ethics for different profes-
sions.
______________5. Business ethics is an example of normative
I learned that ... ethics because it generally talks about the
morally debatable issues in the field of busi-
What new or addition-
ness and commerce.
al ideas and thoughts
did you learn after fin- ______________6. Ethics is also known as Moral Science and
ishing this lesson? Moral Philosophy.
______________7. Code of Ethics is understanding the difference
between right and wrong.
______________8. Metaethics evaluates the rightness and wrong-
ness of the action
How are you going to
______________9. Code of Conduct are sets of rules and regula-
apply things you have tions that employees should follow.
learned about ETH-
_____________10. Know all the facts and circumstances because
ICS AND CODE OF
of ethical decision making.
ETHICS in business
environment?

17 18
 References:
Enrichment Activities
Business Ethics and Social Responsibility Senior High
Direction: Identify one occupation and research what codes School, (2020) Vibal Gruoup Inc.
of ethics or codes of right conducts they followed. After, craft
your own simple codes of ethics or codes of right conducts Roa, Floriano C. Business Ethics and Social
that you believe is appropriate for that occupation that is not
included to the existing codes of ethics. Write you answer in Responsibility, (2007) Quezon City: Rex Bookstore,
the prescribed answer sheet. Inc.

OCCUPATION:

CODES OF ETHICS OR
CODES OF RIGHT CONDUCTS

OWN CRAFTED
CODES OF ETHICS OR CODES OF RIGHT CON-
DUCTS

19 20