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Chapter 8—Molecular Structure and Covalent Bonding Theories

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The electrons in the outer shell of an atom are involved in bonding. Another name for the outer shell is
____.
a. valence shell
b. bonding shell
c. hybridized shell
d. VSEPR shell
e. Lewis shell
ANS: A
OBJ: Define valence shell.
TOP: Valence Electrons

2. The valence shell is

a. the highest energy level occupied by electrons.
b. the set of orbitals used to make triple bonds.
c. the orbitals belonging to the entire molecule.
d. the lowest energy level occupied by electrons.
e. the hard covering on crustaceans.
ANS: A
OBJ: Define valence shell.
TOP: Valence Electrons

3. What is the electronic geometry for 6 regions of high electron density on a central atom?
a. octahedral
b. square planar
c. tetrahedral
d. trigonal bipyramidal
e. trigonal planar
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the electron geometry given the number of electron groups surrounding the central
atom.
TOP: Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory

4. Which of the following do not count as regions of high electron density with respect to the central
atom in a molecule?
a. single bonds
b. lone pairs on an outer atom
c. lone pairs on the central atom
d. double bonds
e. triple bonds
ANS: B
OBJ: Identify electron groups which define the electron geometry around the central atom.
TOP: Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory

Whitten 10e Test Bank 1

5. The electronic geometry is
a. the arrangement of atoms around the central atom in a molecule.
b. the arrangement of H atoms around the central atom in a molecule.
c. the arrangement of regions of high electron density around the central atom in a molecule.
d. the arrangement of lone pairs around the central atom in a molecule.
e. the sets of quantum numbers for a central atom.
ANS: C
OBJ: Define electron geometry.
TOP: Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory

6. What is the electronic geometry for 3 regions of high electron density on a central atom?
a. octahedral
b. square planar
c. trigonal bipyramidal
d. tetrahedral
e. trigonal planar
ANS: E
OBJ: Identify the electron geometry given the number of electron groups surrounding the central
atom.
TOP: Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory

7. What angle(s) are associated with a central atom that has trigonal bipyramidal electronic geometry?
a. 109.5
b. 120
c. 120 and 180
d. 90 and 120
e. 90 and 180
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the angles between electron groups given the electron geometry.
TOP: Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory

8. What angle(s) are associated with a central atom that has tetrahedral electronic geometry?
a. 109.5
b. 120
c. 120 and 180
d. 90 and 120
e. 90 and 180
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the angles between electron groups given the electron geometry.
TOP: Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory

9. The phosphorus pentachloride molecule is nonpolar and contains no lone (unshared) electron pairs on
the phosphorus atom. What are all of the possible Cl−P−Cl bond angles?
a. 120
b. 180
c. 109.5
d. 90, 120, and 180
e. 90 and 180

Whitten 10e Test Bank 2

 ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the angles between electron groups given the molecule name, polarity, and number of
lone pairs on the central atom.
TOP: Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory

10. Which of the following is not one of the basic ideas of the VSEPR theory?
a. Each electron group in the valence shell of a central atom is significant.
b. The groups of valence shell electrons on the central atom repel one another.
c. The groups of valence shell electrons are arranged about the central atom so that the
repulsions among them are as small as possible.
d. The electron groups have maximum separation about the central atom.
e. The number of electron groups is determined by counting the number of lone pairs and the
total number of bonds.
ANS: E
OBJ: Identify the tenets of VSEPR theory.
TOP: Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory

11. Which of the following statements concerning polar molecules is false?

a. There must be at least one polar bond or one unshared pair of electrons on the central
atom.
b. If there are more than one polar bond, they must not be symmetrically arranged so that
their polarities cancel.
c. If there are more than one unshared pair of electrons on the central atom, they must not be
symmetrically arranged so that their polarities cancel.
d. There must be an odd number of polar bonds so that their polarities not cancel.
e. A molecule with symmetrically arranged polar bonds can be polar if the central atom is
bonded to atoms of different elements.
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the factors that give polar or nonpolar molecules.
TOP: Polar Molecules: The Influence of Molecular Geometry

12. Which one of the following molecules is polar?

a. N2
b. P4
c. Cl2
d. CO2
e. H2O
ANS: E
OBJ: Identify the polar molecule.
TOP: Polar Molecules: The Influence of Molecular Geometry

13. Which one of the following molecules is nonpolar?

a. H2O
b. CO2
c. CSO
d. NF3
e. NH3
ANS: B
OBJ: Identify the nonpolar molecule.
TOP: Polar Molecules: The Influence of Molecular Geometry

Whitten 10e Test Bank 3

14. CH4 is a nonpolar molecule. Which of the following similar molecules is also nonpolar?
a. CH3Cl
b. CH2Cl2
c. SiH3Cl
d. SiH4
e. SiH2Cl2
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the nonpolar molecule.
TOP: Polar Molecules: The Influence of Molecular Geometry

15. Draw the dot formula for the HNO2 molecule. The nitrogen atom is the central atom and the hydrogen
atom is attached to an oxygen atom. On the basis of the number of regions of high electron density
about the nitrogen atom, predict the nitrogen atom hybridization.
a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2
ANS: B
OBJ: Determine the central atom hybridization given the formula.
TOP: Valence Bond (VB) Theory

16. Draw the dot formula for the HNO2 molecule. The nitrogen atom is the central atom and the hydrogen
atom is attached to an oxygen atom. On the basis of the number of regions of high electron density
about the nitrogen atom, what is (are) the approximate bond angle(s) about the N atom?
a. 180
b. 90
c. 120
d. 120 and 90
e. 109
ANS: C
OBJ: Determine the central atom hybridization given the formula.
TOP: Valence Bond (VB) Theory

17. Which one of the following statements about compounds or polyatomic ions of the A group elements
is false?
a. All compounds in which the central atom is sp3d2 hybridized violate the octet rule.
b. Sulfur hexafluoride is an example of a compound with a central atom that has sp3d2
hybridization.
c. All molecules in which the central element is sp3d2 hybridized have octahedral electronic
geometry.
d. All molecules in which the central element is sp3d2 hybridized have octahedral molecular
geometry.
e. All ions in which the central atom is sp3d2 hybridized have octahedral electronic geometry.
ANS: D
DIF: Harder Question
OBJ: Understand the connection between valence bond theory and VSEPR theory.
TOP: Valence Bond (VB) Theory

Whitten 10e Test Bank 4

18. Which of the following statements about the valence bond theory is false?
a. For an atom to share more than 8 electrons it must hybridize d orbitals.
b. To make 4 single bonds, an atom will make 4 sp3 hybrid orbitals.
c. The number of hybrid orbitals formed equals the number of high electron density regions.
d. Trigonal planar molecules use sp2 hybrid orbitals
e. Atoms that do not complete their octet use either sp3d or sp3d2 hybrid orbitals.
ANS: E
OBJ: Understand the connection between valence bond theory and VSEPR theory.
TOP: Valence Bond (VB) Theory

19. Which response contains all the following statements that are true, and no others?
I. A set of sp2 orbitals can be thought of as one s orbital one-third of the time and two p
orbitals two-thirds of the time.
II. A set of sp orbitals can accommodate a maximum of six electrons.
III. The orbitals resulting from sp3d2 hybridization are directed toward the corners of an
octahedron.
IV. A set of sp3 orbitals results from the mixing of one s orbital and three p orbitals.

a. II and IV
b. I, II, and IV
c. II, III, and IV
d. III and IV
e. all are true
ANS: D
OBJ: Understand the connection between valence bond theory and VSEPR theory.
TOP: Valence Bond (VB) Theory

20. The hybridization associated with the central atom of a molecule in which all the bond angles are 180
is ____.
a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the central atom hybridization given the bond angles.
TOP: Valence Bond (VB) Theory

21. The hybridization associated with the central atom of a molecule in which all the bond angles are
109.5 is ____.
a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the central atom hybridization given the bond angles.
TOP: Valence Bond (VB) Theory

Whitten 10e Test Bank 5

22. The bond angle(s) associated with sp3d2 hybridization is (are) ____.
a. 90 and 180
b. 120
c. 109
d. 90 and 120
e. 109 and 120
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the bond angles given the central atom hybridization.
TOP: Valence Bond (VB) Theory

23. The central atom in a molecule is bonded to 3 other atoms and has 2 lone pairs. What type of hybrid
orbitals are formed by the central atom?
a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the central atom hybridization given the number of atoms and lone pairs attached to the
central atom.
TOP: Valence Bond (VB) Theory

24. The central atom in a molecule is sharing a total of 12 electrons. What type of hybrid orbitals are
formed by the central atom?
a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2
ANS: E
OBJ: Identify the central atom hybridization given the number electrons shared by the central atom.
TOP: Valence Bond (VB) Theory

25. The central atom in a molecule has three regions of high electron density. What type of hybrid orbitals
are formed by the central atom?
a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2
ANS: B
OBJ: Identify the central atom hybridization given the number of electron groups around the central
atom.
TOP: Valence Bond (VB) Theory

Whitten 10e Test Bank 6

26. The O−N−O bond angles associated with the nitrate ion, NO3−, are all 120. The hybridization at the
nitrogen atom is ____.
a. sp2
b. sp3
c. sp3d2
d. sp
e. sp3d
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the central atom hybridization given the bond angles around the central atom.
TOP: Valence Bond (VB) Theory

27. Which of the following statements about polar molecules is false?

a. A molecule with polar bonds can be nonpolar.
b. A molecule with polar bonds can be polar.
c. A molecule with only nonpolar bonds can be polar.
d. A molecule with 120 bond angles can be polar.
e. A molecule with 180 bond angles can be polar.
ANS: C
OBJ: Understand the connection between molecular geometry, polar bonds, and polarity of a
molecule.
TOP: Valence Bond (VB) Theory

28. Consider the BeCl2 molecule. Which statement about this molecule is false?
a. The molecule is linear.
b. The molecule has polar bonds.
c. The molecule is polar.
d. The central atom is sp hybridized.
e. Be does not satisfy the octet rule.
ANS: C
OBJ: Apply VSEPR and VB theory given the formula.
TOP: Linear Electronic Geometry: AB2 Species

29. Which one of the following molecules has sp hybridization at the central atom?
a. BeF2
b. SeF6
c. BF3
d. PF5
e. CF4
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with the given central atom hybridization.
TOP: Linear Electronic Geometry: AB2 Species

30. What is (are) the bond angle(s) in BeI2 molecules?

a. 120
b. 180
c. 90 and 180
d. 120 and 90
e. 109

Whitten 10e Test Bank 7

 ANS: B
OBJ: Determine the molecule bond angles given the formula.
TOP: Linear Electronic Geometry: AB2 Species

31. Cadmium iodide, CdI2, is a covalent compound. The molecule has the same geometry as a BeCl2
molecule. Which of the following kinds of hybrid orbitals does the cadmium atom likely utilize in
CdI2?
a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2
ANS: A
OBJ: Determine the central atom hybridization given the formula.
TOP: Linear Electronic Geometry: AB2 Species

32. Which of the following statements concerning HgI2 (a covalent compound) is false?
a. HgI2 is a linear molecule.
b. The hybridization of the central Hg atom is sp.
c. The electronegativity difference between Hg and I is so large that HgI2 is an ionic
compound.
d. Because the bond angle is 180, the two bond dipoles cancel to give a nonpolar molecule.
e. The Hg atom in HgI2 does not satisfy the octet rule.
ANS: C
OBJ: Apply VSEPR and VB theory given the formula. | Understand the difference between ionic and
covalent.
TOP: Linear Electronic Geometry: AB2 Species

33. What kind of hybrid orbitals are utilized by the boron atom in BF3 molecules?
a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2
ANS: B
OBJ: Identify the central atom hybridization given the formula.
TOP: Trigonal Planar Electronic Geometry

34. What is the hybridization at the boron atom in gaseous BBr3?

a. sp3d
b. sp
c. sp2
d. sp3
e. sp3d2
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the central atom hybridization given the formula.
TOP: Trigonal Planar Electronic Geometry

Whitten 10e Test Bank 8

35. Which of the following molecules has 120 bond angles?
a. BeI2
b. CH4
c. H2S
d. BCl3
e. NF3
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with the given bond angles.
TOP: Trigonal Planar Electronic Geometry

36. Which of the following molecules has 120 bond angles?

a. BF4−
b. CF4
c. H2O
d. BI3
e. NH4+
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with the given bond angles.
TOP: Trigonal Planar Electronic Geometry

37. Which one of the following molecules has only 120 bond angles?
a. PF3
b. SF6
c. BI3
d. PF5
e. NF3
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with the given bond angles.
TOP: Trigonal Planar Electronic Geometry

38. Which one of the following molecules has a central atom that is sp2 hybridized?
a. BeF2
b. BCl3
c. PCl3
d. H2O
e. NH3
ANS: B
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with the given central atom hybridization.
TOP: Trigonal Planar Electronic Geometry

39. Which of the following is a false statement about BF3?

a. BF3 has trigonal planar molecular geometry.
b. BF3 has trigonal pyramidal electronic geometry.
c. All three bond angles in BF3 are 120.
d. The B atom does not satisfy the octet rule.
e. Although the electronegativity difference between B and F is large (2.0 units), BF3 is a
covalent compound.
ANS: B
OBJ: Apply VSEPR and VB theory given the formula.
TOP: Trigonal Planar Electronic Geometry

Whitten 10e Test Bank 9

40. Consider the following statements about BCl3 molecules. Which statement is false?
a. The B−Cl bonds are quite polar.
b. The bond dipoles exactly cancel.
c. The Cl−B−Cl bond angles are 109.5.
d. BCl3 molecules are nonpolar.
e. BCl3 molecules are planar.
ANS: C
OBJ: Apply VSEPR and VB theory given the formula.
TOP: Trigonal Planar Electronic Geometry

41. What kind of hybrid orbitals are utilized by the carbon atom in CF4 molecules?
a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the central atom hybridization given the formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB4 Species

42. What is the hybridization at the central atom in SiH4?

a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the central atom hybridization given the formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB4 Species

43. Consider a molecule with 109.5 bond angles and sp3 hybridization at the central atom. Which of the
following molecules does not fit this description?
a. CH3Cl
b. SiF4
c. SF4
d. SiCl4
e. CF4
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with the given bond angles and central atom hybridization.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB4 Species

44. Consider CH4 and CF4. Electronegativities: C = 2.5, H = 2.1, F = 4.0. Which statement is false?
a. Both are sp3 hybridized at carbon.
b. The bond angles in CF4 are smaller than those in CH4.
c. The C−F bonds are more polar than the C−H bonds.
d. Both molecules are nonpolar.
e. The bond dipoles in CF4 are directed toward the fluorine, but those in CH4 are directed
toward the carbon atom.

Whitten 10e Test Bank 10

 ANS: B
OBJ: Apply VSEPR and VB theory given the formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB4 Species

45. Which statement concerning the ion, SO42−, is true?

a. The ion's charge results in there being one lone pair of electrons on the S atom.
b. There are five regions of high electron density on the S atom.
c. The bond angles are 90.
d. The electronic geometry is octahedral.
e. The hybridization of the S atom is sp3.
ANS: E
OBJ: Apply VSEPR and VB theory given the formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB4 Species

46. Which of the following statements about chloroform, CHCl3, is false?

a. The hybridization of C is sp3.
b. The hybridization of Cl is sp3.
c. The bond angles are 109.5.
d. The molecule is polar.
e. The molecule has tetrahedral electronic geometry.
ANS: B
OBJ: Apply VSEPR and VB theory given the formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB4 Species

47. Which response contains all the characteristics listed that should apply to silicon tetrafluoride, SiF4,
and no other characteristics?
I. tetrahedral
II. 120 bond angles
III. sp hybridized at C
IV. polar molecule
V. one unshared pair of electrons on Si

a. II and III
b. I
c. I and V
d. II, IV, and V
e. none of these
ANS: B
OBJ: Apply VSEPR and VB theory given the formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB4 Species

48. Which one of the following molecules is polar?

a. BCl3
b. CdI2
c. CCl4
d. NCl3
e. BeBr2
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with a polar molecule.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB4 Species

Whitten 10e Test Bank 11

49. Which one of the following molecules is polar?
a. BeCl2
b. BCl3
c. BF4−
d. CH2F2
e. CF4
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with a polar molecule.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB4 Species

50. Which one of the following molecules is nonpolar?

a. CCl4
b. CH2Cl2
c. CH3Cl
d. CHCl3
e. SiH2Cl2
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with a nonpolar molecule.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB4 Species

51. Which one of the following molecules is polar?

a. BCl3
b. BeI2
c. CCl4
d. CHCl3
e. Br2
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with a polar molecule.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB4 Species

52. Molecules such as NF3 are best described by assuming what kind of hybridization at the central atom?
a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the central atom hybridization given the formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB3U Species

53. What is the hybridization of the nitrogen atom in NH3?

a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the central atom hybridization given the formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB3U Species

Whitten 10e Test Bank 12

54. What is the hybridization of the sulfur atom in SO32−?
a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the central atom hybridization given the formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB3U Species

55. For AsF3, the electronic geometry is ____ and the molecular geometry is ____.
a. tetrahedral; trigonal planar
b. trigonal planar; tetrahedral
c. tetrahedral; tetrahedral
d. trigonal planar; trigonal planar
e. trigonal planar; linear
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the central atom electron and molecular geometry given a formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB3U Species

56. The electronic geometry of the central atom in PCl3 is ____.

a. pyramidal
b. trigonal planar
c. tetrahedral
d. octahedral
e. trigonal bipyramidal
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the central atom electron geometry given a formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB3U Species

57. The molecular geometry of PCl3 is ____.

a. pyramidal
b. trigonal planar
c. tetrahedral
d. octahedral
e. trigonal bipyramidal
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the central atom molecular geometry given a formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB3U Species

58. Four of the following statements about the ammonia molecule, NH3, are correct. One is not. Which
one?
a. The ammonia molecule is tetrahedral.
b. Since nitrogen is more electronegative than hydrogen, the bond dipoles are directed
toward the nitrogen atoms.
c. The bond dipoles re-enforce the effect of the unshared pair of electrons on the nitrogen
atom.
d. The bond angles in the ammonia molecule are less than 109.
e. The nitrogen atom can be described as utilizing sp3 hybrid orbitals in the ammonia
molecule.

Whitten 10e Test Bank 13

 ANS: A
OBJ: Apply VSEPR and VB theory given the formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB3U Species

59. Which statement for NH3 and NF3 is false? Electronegativities: N = 3.0, H = 2.1, F = 4.0.
a. Both are sp3 hybridized at nitrogen.
b. The bond angles in NF3 are smaller than those in NH3.
c. The NF3 molecule is more polar than the NH3 molecule.
d. Both molecules have one unshared pair of electrons in the outer shell of nitrogen.
e. The bond dipoles of NF3 are directed toward fluorine, whereas those in NH3 are directed
toward nitrogen.
ANS: C
OBJ: Apply VSEPR and VB theory given the formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB3U Species

60. Four of the following statements about the ammonia molecule, NH3, and the nitrogen trifluoride
molecule, NF3, are correct. One is not. Which one?
a. The NH3 molecule is more polar than the NF3 molecule.
b. The bond dipoles in NF3 are directed toward the more electronegative fluorine atoms.
c. The bond dipoles in NF3 oppose the effect of the unshared pair of electrons.
d. The nitrogen atom can be described as utilizing sp3 hybrid orbitals in the nitrogen
trifluoride molecule.
e. Fluorine atoms are larger than hydrogen atoms, and therefore the bond angles in NF3 are
greater than in NH3.
ANS: E
OBJ: Apply VSEPR and VB theory given the formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB3U Species

61. Which of the following statements about PBr3 is false?

a. It is a polar molecule.
b. The P−Br bonds are polar
c. P is sp3 hybridized.
d. The bond angles are slightly larger than 109.5.
e. P has one lone pair.
ANS: D
OBJ: Apply VSEPR and VB theory given the formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB3U Species

62. Which one of the following is a nonpolar molecule with polar covalent bonds?
a. NH3
b. H2Te
c. SOCl2 (S is central atom)
d. BeBr2
e. HF
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with a nonpolar molecule.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB3U Species

Whitten 10e Test Bank 14

63. Which one of the following is a nonpolar molecule with polar bonds?
a. H2O
b. NH3
c. PF5
d. CHCl3
e. none of these
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with a nonpolar molecule.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB3U Species

64. The molecular geometry of the hydrogen sulfide molecule is ____.

a. linear
b. angular
c. trigonal planar
d. pyramidal
e. trigonal bipyramidal
ANS: B
OBJ: Identify the central atom molecular geometry given the molecule name.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB2U2 Species

65. Many simple molecules contain two lone pairs of electrons (unshared pairs) that occupy hybrid
orbitals on the central element. Which of the following kinds of electron-electron repulsions are
smallest in such molecules?
a. bonding pair-bonding pair
b. bonding pair-lone pair
c. lone pair-lone pair
d. depends on hybrid orbitals
e. repulsions between all types of pairs of electrons are the same
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the weakest electron repulsions.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB2U2 Species

66. Many simple molecules contain lone pairs of electrons (also referred to as unshared pairs) which
occupy hybrid orbitals of the central element in a molecule. If an atom of the central element utilizes
sp3 hybrid orbitals in a compound, which one of the following types of repulsions would be greater?
a. bonding pair-bonding pair
b. bonding pair-lone pair
c. lone pair-bonding pair
d. lone pair-lone pair
e. repulsions between all types of pairs of electrons are the same
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the weakest electron repulsions.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB2U2 Species

Whitten 10e Test Bank 15

67. Which response contains all of the following molecules that can be described as bent or angular
molecules and none that have other shapes?
BeI2, SO2, H2S, PF3, CO2

a. SO2, H2S
b. BeI2, SO2
c. BeI2, PF3, CO2
d. PF3, CO2
e. another combination
ANS: A
OBJ: Apply VSEPR theory given formulas.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB2U2 Species

68. Which of the following molecules has the smallest bond angle(s)?
a. CH4
b. NH3
c. H2O
d. CF4
e. CO2
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with the smallest bond angle.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB2U2 Species

69. What is the hybridization of the oxygen atom in H3O+?

a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2
ANS: C
OBJ: Determine the central atom hybridization given the formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB2U2 Species

70. Which of the following molecules is sp3 hybridized at the central atom and has bent molecular
geometry?
a. CH2Cl2
b. NH3
c. SO2
d. OF2
e. CO2
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with the given central atom hybridization and molecular
geometry.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB2U2 Species

Whitten 10e Test Bank 16

71. Which statement about the water molecule is incorrect?
a. The decrease in bond angle from the tetrahedral angle (109.5) is greater for H2O than for
NH3.
b. The bond angle for H2O is smaller than for NH3 because of the lone pair-lone pair
repulsion in H2O.
c. The water molecule is very polar.
d. The effect of the very polar bonds in water is canceled by the effect of the 2 lone pairs of
electrons.
e. The O atom is sp3 hybridized.
ANS: D
OBJ: Apply VSEPR and VB theory given the molecule name.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: AB2U2 Species

72. Consider the chlorine atom in the HCl molecule. Which statement below is true?
a. The chlorine atom has tetrahedral electronic geometry.
b. The molecule is angular.
c. The molecule is nonpolar.
d. VSEPR theory and VB theory disagree about the molecular geometry of HCl.
e. All of these are true.
ANS: A
OBJ: Apply VSEPR theory given the formula.
TOP: Tetrahedral Electronic Geometry: ABU3 Species

73. An element that is sp3d hybridized and which has no lone pairs of electrons around it in a molecule is
at the center of a(n) ____ described by imaginary lines connecting the identical surrounding atoms.
a. triangular plane
b. tetrahedron
c. octahedron
d. pyramid
e. trigonal bipyramid
ANS: E
OBJ: Identify the molecular geometry given the central atom hybridization and central atom lone
pairs.
TOP: Trigonal Bipyramidal Electronic Geometry: AB5, AB4U, AB3U2, and AB2U3

74. What is the hybridization at arsenic in AsF5 molecules?

a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the central atom electron geometry given a formula.
TOP: Trigonal Bipyramidal Electronic Geometry: AB5, AB4U, AB3U2, and AB2U3

75. What is the hybridization at the central atom (P) of PF3Cl2?

a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2

Whitten 10e Test Bank 17

 ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the central atom hybridization given the formula.
TOP: Trigonal Bipyramidal Electronic Geometry: AB5, AB4U, AB3U2, and AB2U3

76. Which one of the following molecules has sp3d hybridization at the central atom?
a. PF5
b. NH3
c. SF6
d. HF
e. CF4
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with the given central atom hybridization.
TOP: Trigonal Bipyramidal Electronic Geometry: AB5, AB4U, AB3U2, and AB2U3

77. How many unshared electrons are there in the highest energy level of phosphorus in the covalent
compound PF5? (HINT: Draw Lewis dot formula.)
a. eight
b. two
c. three
d. none
e. five
ANS: D
OBJ: Determine the number of central atom lone pairs given a formula.
TOP: Trigonal Bipyramidal Electronic Geometry: AB5, AB4U, AB3U2, and AB2U3

78. Which of the following statements about AsF5 is false?

a. The electronic geometry is trigonal bipyramidal.
b. As is sp3d hybridized.
c. As has one lone pair.
d. Bonding angles are 90, 120 or 180.
e. The molecular geometry is trigonal bipyramidal.
ANS: C
OBJ: Apply VSEPR and VB theory given the formula.
TOP: Trigonal Bipyramidal Electronic Geometry: AB5, AB4U, AB3U2, and AB2U3

79. The PF5 molecule exists whereas NF5 does not. Which one of the following is the best explanation for
this fact?
a. Phosphorus atoms can undergo hybridization involving d orbitals, whereas nitrogen atoms
cannot.
b. The first five ionization energies of nitrogen are too high but those of phosphorus are not.
c. The electron affinity of nitrogen is too high.
d. NF5 would be too polar to be stable.
e. Simple P5+ ions exist but simple N5+ ions are too small to exist.
ANS: A
OBJ: Apply a controversial interpretation of VBT in rationalizing experimental data.
TOP: Trigonal Bipyramidal Electronic Geometry: AB5, AB4U, AB3U2, and AB2U3

Whitten 10e Test Bank 18

80. Which of the following statements about SCl4 is false?
a. The electronic geometry is trigonal bipyramidal.
b. S is sp3d hybridized.
c. S has one lone pair.
d. Bonding angles are 90, 120 or 180.
e. The molecular geometry is trigonal bipyramidal.
ANS: E
OBJ: Apply VSEPR and VB theory given the formula.
TOP: Trigonal Bipyramidal Electronic Geometry: AB5, AB4U, AB3U2, and AB2U3

81. What is the hybridization of the central I atom in I3−?

a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the central atom hybridization given the formula.
TOP: Trigonal Bipyramidal Electronic Geometry: AB5, AB4U, AB3U2, and AB2U3

82. Which of the following molecules has three lone pairs of electrons on the central atom?
a. XeF4
b. SF4
c. SF6
d. XeF2
e. NCl3
ANS: D
TOP: Trigonal Bipyramidal Electronic Geometry: AB5, AB4U, AB3U2, and AB2U3

83. Which of the following species has trigonal bipyramidal electronic geometry and trigonal bipyramidal
molecular geometry?
a. SF4
b. BrF3
c. I3−
d. XeF2
e. AsCl5
ANS: E
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with the given central atom electron and molecular geometry.
TOP: Trigonal Bipyramidal Electronic Geometry: AB5, AB4U, AB3U2, and AB2U3

84. Consider the SeF4 molecule. Where is (are) the lone pair(s) located on the central atom?
a. In the axial position.
b. In the equatorial position.
c. In two octahedral positions at 180 angles from each other.
d. In either axial or equatorial positions.
e. There are no lone pairs present in SeF4.
ANS: B
OBJ: Identify the location of any central atom lone pairs given the molecule formula.
TOP: Trigonal Bipyramidal Electronic Geometry: AB5, AB4U, AB3U2, and AB2U3

Whitten 10e Test Bank 19

85. Which one of the following is a polar molecule with nonpolar bonds?
a. H2O
b. NH3
c. PF5
d. CHCl3
e. none of these
ANS: E
DIF: Harder Question
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with a nonpolar molecule.
TOP: Trigonal Bipyramidal Electronic Geometry: AB5, AB4U, AB3U2, and AB2U3

86. Which response includes all the polar molecules listed and no nonpolar molecules?
BCl3, AsF5, NF3, H2S

a. BCl3, AsF5
b. AsF5, NF3, H2S
c. NF3, H2S
d. BCl3, H2S
e. BCl3, NF3
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the formulas of polar molecules.
TOP: Trigonal Bipyramidal Electronic Geometry: AB5, AB4U, AB3U2, and AB2U3

87. Which one of the following is a polar molecule with nonpolar bonds?
a. H2O
b. NH3
c. PF5
d. CHCl3
e. none of these
ANS: E
DIF: Harder Question
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with a polar molecule.
TOP: Trigonal Bipyramidal Electronic Geometry: AB5, AB4U, AB3U2, and AB2U3

88. Which one of the following molecules is polar?

a. AsF5
b. PCl3
c. CO2
d. CF4
e. SiH4
ANS: B
OBJ: Identify the formula consistent with a polar molecule.
TOP: Trigonal Bipyramidal Electronic Geometry: AB5, AB4U, AB3U2, and AB2U3

89. Which one of the following molecules has an octahedral electron geometry?
a. BeCl2
b. SeF6
c. BF3
d. PF5
e. CF4

Whitten 10e Test Bank 20

Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
being a stranger to his mother any longer,
for his grief was more than he could bear.
CHAPTER VIII.
How Kila Made Himself Known
to His Mother, Aunt and
Brothers.
On the night following the day when the
proclamation was issued calling the people
together, the night before the day when the
sacrifices were to be offered in the temple,
the king and his chief priests and the
people connected with the chief priests
came to recite their prayers in the mua
house. From the beginning of the recital of
the prayers until midnight everything went
off smoothly without a single hitch. After
midnight and along the hours before dawn,
Kunaka, Kila and the chief priest entered
the kapu house and joined in the recital of
the prayer called Oneoneohonua. 14 Toward
morning the note of a mud-hen was heard,
when the chief priest immediately informed
the king and Kila: “Our prayer has been
interrupted. Here we are with daylight
almost upon us, when the recital of the
prayer would end and everything would be
satisfactory. Therefore there will be no
sacrifice for the altar today.” Kila, on the
other hand, had known that there would be
some interruption in the recital of the
prayers that night, because he did not think
Kaialea would be killed.
On this same morning Kila and Kunaka
mokumokuahua loko o Kila no ke aloha i
kona mau makuahine.
MOKUNA VIII.
Ka Hoike ana o Kila ia ia iho i
Mua o Kona mau Makuahine a
me Kona mau Kaikuaana.
Mahope iho o ke kuahaua ana, ma kekahi
la ae, he la kauila nui ia no ka heiau; ma ia
po iho nae, hele mai la ke alii, a me na
kahuna nui o ke alii, a me ka poe e pili ana
i na kahuna nui no ke kai ana a ka aha i ka
hale i kapaia he mua. I ke kai ana o ka aha
ia manawa i mua, a hiki i ke kau, ma ka
waenakonu o ka po, ua maikai ke kai ana
o ka aha, aole i loaa ke kina. A ma ia hope
iho, ma ka pili o ka wanaao, komo ae la o
Kunaka, a me Kila, a me ke kahuna nui hoi
i loko o Pakaalana, a kai hou aku la i ka
aha, o Oneoneoihonua; a kokoke i ka
wanaao keu ana ka alae.
Ia manawa, olelo aku la ke kahuna nui ia
Kunaka laua o Kila: “Ua hewa ka aha, a o
hoi he wa a malamalama ae, lele wale ka
aha, o ka maikai no la hoi ia; nolaila, aole
he kanaka o ka lele i keia la.” Aka ua
manao mua no o Kila e hewa ana no ka
aha, no ka mea, aole he manao ona e
make ana o Kaialea.
Ia kakahiaka, komo ae la o Kila me
went out of the temple and Kila proceeded
to the house where his mother and aunt
were living and brought them into the
temple. Just as the sun was coming up
Kaialea and his brothers were brought in,
all being held by the king’s officers, and
were led up to the base of the altar, when
Kila came and stood by the anuu 15 and
faced his brothers. His mother and aunt, the
chiefs and all the people were gathered
there. [150]
While Kila was standing before the people,
his mother stood up and spoke for herself
and sister as follows: “As four of our sons
are to die today, let there be eight of our
people killed with them 16 and the two of us,
making ten.” Kila did not pay any attention
to these words from his mother, as he knew
that his brothers were not going to be killed.
Standing on the steps of the altar, he turned
and faced his brothers and said:
“I am Kila of the uplands, Kila of the
lowlands, Kila-pa-Wahineikamalanai, the
offspring of Moikeha. I had thought that
your evil designs against me were ended,
but I see you still think evil of me. You
brought me and left me here while you went
home secretly. I called after you, but you
would not turn back. After you had gone I
lived as a slave under some of the Waipio
people just for the sake of my living. I
obeyed all the orders given me and went
out to labor in the fields, did the cooking,
prepared the food and brought firewood
from those cliffs, the cliffs of Puaahuku. In
this way did I labor patiently until I found a
father in this person, Kunaka, when my
labor for my living ended and I received my
reward. I received the blessing you see me
enjoying today only through my patience.
All would have been well if this was the only
Kunaka, a lawe ae la o Kila i kona mau
makuahine, i loko o ka heiau. Ma ka puka
ana ae o ka la, lawe ia mai la o Kaialea, a
me kekahi mau kaikuaana ona, e paaia
ana ma ka lima o na ilamuku. Laweia mai
la a kukulu ma ke kumu o ka lele. Ia
manawa, hele mai la o Kila a ku ma ka
anuu, a hoike mai la ia ia iho i mua o kona
mau kaikuaana, a me na makuahine, a me
na lii, a me na mea a pau. [151]
Ia manawa a Kila e ku la, ku mai la na
makuahine a nonoi mai la ia Kila: “Eha a
maua mau keiki e make ana i keia la, i
ewalu mau moepuu mahope o lakou, a o
maua, umi moe puu.” Ia manawa, aole i
hoolohe aku o Kila ma ka laua olelo, no ka
mea, ua manao no o Kila aole e make ana.
Ia Kila ma ka anuu, huli pono aku la o Kila
ma ke alo ponoi o kona mau kaikuaana, a
olelo aku la:
“Owau no keia o Kila i uka, o Kila i kai, o
Kila-pa-Wahineikamalanai, o kama wau a
Moikeha. Ua kuhi wau ua pau ko oukou
manao lokoino ia’u, aole ka, laweia mai
wau e oukou a haalele maanei, hoi malu
aku oukou, kahea aku wau mahope; a hala
aku oukou, noho hoopilimeaai aku wau
malalo o na kamaaina o Waipio nei, ma ka
na kamaaina olelo e mahiai, malaila wau e
hoolohe ai, olelo mai e kahuumu, malaila
wale aku no wau; olelo mai e pii i ka wahie
i kela pali (Puaahuku) pii aku no wau; pela
mau ko’u noho hoomanawanui ana, a loaa
ko’u makua o ia nei (Kunaka), pau ko’u
noho hoopilimeaai ana, loaa ia’u ko pono
nui; e ole e hoomanawanui malalo o na
kamaaina, loaa keia pono a oukou e ike
nei. Ua pono no la hoi ia, ina owau ka
oukou i hana ino, aole, lawe malu ia aku e
oukou ko onei keiki punahele, a pepehiia e
crime committed by you. But no; you
kidnapped a favorite son from this place;
you killed him and took his hands and gave
them to my mother and aunt and told them
that they were my hands, and that I had
been eaten up by a shark. As far as your
treatment of me is concerned, I am able to
overlook that, but your treatment of one of
the favorite sons of Waipio is an act from
the consequences of which I am unable to
protect you, your life and death being
entirely at the disposal of the parents of the
boy whom you murdered.”
While Kila was making himself known, the
people with whom he had labored for his
living began to realize that he was a very
high chief, and they repented of their
actions.
After Kila had made himself known to his
mother and aunt and to all the people,
Hooipoikamalanai and her sister for the first
time discovered the great crime committed
by their sons. They then immediately
ordered that their sons be forthwith placed
on the altar which had been made ready for
them, and that death be meted out to them
as their just dues.
Upon hearing these orders Kila deferred
putting his brothers to death until the next
day, while he studied a way of saving them,
for he well knew they would not be killed.
During that night he spoke to his mother
and aunt as follows: “Let Umalehu and the
rest of them be saved, because by their
leaving me here in Waipio you are all saved
from dying of hunger. Had they thrown me
oukou, me ko oukou olelo aku i ko kakou
mau makuahine, owau ia mau lima, ua pau
i ka mano. Aole o keia hana ana a oukou,
ua pakele oukou ia’u, o ka oukou pepehi
ana i ko Waipio keiki kamaaina nei, aole
oukou e pakele ia’u, aia no i ka poe nana
ke keiki ko oukou ola, a me ko oukou
make.”
Ia manawa ike ia ae la o Kila he keiki alii, a
mihi iho la na kamaaina ana i noho
hoopilimeaai aku ai.
Mahope iho o ko Kila hoike ana iaia i mua
o kona mau makua a me na mea a pau,
loaa iho la ia Hooipoikamalanai ma ka
hewa o kana mau keiki; alaila kena koke
ae la laua e kau aku i ka laua mau keiki
hanau mua ma ka lele i hoomakaukau ia
no lakou, a e hooko aku i ka make maluna
o kana mau keiki. A no ia mea, kaliia iho la
ko lakou make a kekahi la ae, ma ia po
ana iho, noonoo iho la o Kila i mea e
pakele ai kona mau kaikuaana i ka make.
Aka ua maopopo no ia Kila, aole e make
ana.
Ia po, olelo aku la o Kila i kona mau
makuahine: “E ola o Umalehu ma, no ka
mea, o ko lakou hoonoho ana ia’u ma
Waipio nei, oia ka mea i ola ai ko oukou
pololi, ina paha ma ka moana ko lakou
hoolei ana ia’u ina hoi paha aole e loaa
wahi ai ia oukou; ko’u manao e ola lakou
la.” Ma keia olelo a Kila i kona mau
makuahine, aole i maliu aku kona mau
into the ocean you would not have had any
food. I think they ought to be saved.” When
his mother and aunt heard Kila’s intentions
they would not entertain them, for they had
made up their mind that their sons should
die.
When Kila saw that his mother and aunt
were bent on seeing their sons punished,
they being overcome with anger, he
decided to keep the matter of saving them
[152]to himself, and that he would wait until
his brothers were led to the altar, when he
would make the last attempt and save
them. At the time that Umalehu and his
brothers were about to be killed, Kila also
went inside of the place of their expected
death and said: “Let me die first, and my
brothers after me.” When his mother and
aunt saw that Kila loved his brothers more
than he did himself, they gave up their
determination to have their sons killed.
CHAPTER IX.
How Hooipoikamalanai and
Her Sister Lived in Waipio and
Their Return to Kauai.
Hooipoikamalanai and her sister lived with
their sons in Waipio many days after this;
but when the food began to show itself
above the ground in all the lands, then they
returned to Kauai where Kila, his brothers
and mother and aunt, made new
makuahine mamuli o kana olelo kaua, ua
holo ko laua manao ma ka make o ka laua
mau keiki. Ike maopopo aku la o Kila, ua
wela ka inaina o [153]kona mau makuahine,
nolaila, waiho iho la o Kila i kona manao
pela i loko ona, aia a hiki i ka wa e kaiia
mai ai kona mau kaikuaana i mua o ka
lele, alaila, hai ae oia i kona manao huna.
A ma kekahi la ae, komo ae la na ’lii i loko
o ka heiau, a laweia mai la o Umalehu ma
a hiki i ke kumu o ka lele, ia manawa, ua
paa kona mau kaikuaana i ka pouamanuia.
I ka manawa i hoomaka ia ai e pepehi o
Umalehu ma, ia manawa komo pu aku la o
Kila ma kahi i manao ia ai e pepehi kona
mau kaikuaana, me ka i aku: “Owau mua
ke make, a mahope ae o’u mau
kaikuaana.” A ike aku la kona mau
makuahine, ua oi aku ke aloha o Kila i
kona mau kaikuaana, nolaila, hooki ae la o
Hooipoikamalanai ma i ko laua manao e
make ka laua mau keiki.
MOKUNA IX.
Ka Noho ana o
Hooipoikamalanai ma Waipio, a
me ka Hoi ana i Kauai.
Noho iho la o Hooipoikamalanai ma me
kana mau keiki ma Waipio a nui na la; a
hiki i ka manawa i ea ae ai ka ai o na aina
a pau, alaila hoi aku la lakou i Kauai.
Hooponopono hou ae la o Kila me kona
mau kaikuaana a me ko lakou mau
regulations and adjustments of the land and
its government. Hooipoikamalanai and her
sister desired and insisted that Kila take
charge and act as king of Kauai according
to the wish of Moikeha. In this desire of
Hooipoikamalanai and her sister they were
disappointed, as Kila did not wish it to be
so, but insisted that his mother and aunt
should be at the head of the government,
their sons to live with them as advisers,
while he himself was to be independent; for,
as he expressed it, he was satisfied with his
own land, Waipio. When his mother and
aunt saw they could not prevail on Kila to
think as they did, Hooipoikamalanai and her
sister acted as the rulers of Kauai until their
death, while Kila returned to Waipio with
Kunaka, his adopted father.
At the death of Hooipoikamalanai and
Hinauu, their sons lived on after them as
the joint heirs and successors of the land in
the place of their mothers. At about this
time Keoloewa, one of the chiefs of Kauai,
rose in revolt against the sons of Moikeha,
in which he became victorious, and the
sons of Moikeha were thus deprived of their
lands; for Keoloewa, by reason of his
conquest, took all the lands to himself.
Shortly after this Keoloewa set sail for
Waipio, Hawaii, to urge upon Kila to come
back to Kauai to be its king. Upon
explaining his mission, Kunaka accepted
the offer made in behalf of his adopted son,
and Kila returned with Keoloewa to Kauai
and assumed the position as king of Kauai
with Keoloewa as his prime minister.
Shortly after Kila had assumed the position
of chief ruler of Kauai, Laamaikahiki arrived
from Tahiti, this being his second visit to
Hawaii.
makuahine i ka noho ana o ka aina. Aka, o
ka manao o Hooipoikamalanai ma, e noho
no o Kila e like me ka Moikeha kauoha, o
Kila no maluna o kona mau kaikuaana, a o
na kaikuaana no na noho hale. Ma ia
manao o na makuahine, aole pela ko Kila
manao. O ko Kila manao, o na makuahine
no maluna o ka aina, a o kana mau keiki
no na noho hale, ku kaawale ae no o Kila,
no ka mea, ua pono no o Kila i kona aina o
Waipio. A no ka like ole o ko Kila manao
me ko na makuahine, nolaila, noho iho la o
Hooipoikamalanai ma i alii no Kauai, a hiki
i ka make ana. A o Kila hoi, hoi aku la oia i
Waipio me Kunaka, kona makua hanai.
A make aku la o Hooipoikamalanai laua o
Hinauu, a koe iho la na keiki. Aka, noho alii
iho la na keiki mahope iho o ka make ana
o na makuahine. Ia manawa, kipi ae la o
Keoloewa, kekahi alii o Kauai i na keiki a
Moikeha, a lanakila ae la o Keoloewa, nele
iho la na keiki i ka aina ole, lilo ae la ia
Keoloewa. Mahope iho o ia manawa, kii
aku la o Keoloewa ia Kila i Hawaii ma
Waipio e hoi i alji no Kauai; aka, he mea
pono no ia i ko Kunaka manao, nolaila, hoi
aku la o Kila me Keoloewa, a noho iho la i
alii nui no Kauai, a o Keoloewa no kona
kuhina. I ka manawa a Kila i noho hou ai i
alii no Kauai, aole i liuliu, hiki mai o
Laamaikahiki mai Tahiti mai, o ka lua ia o
ko Laamaikahiki hiki ana ma Hawaii nei.
 laamaikahiki’s second visit.
After Laamaikahiki arrived at Tahiti upon his
return from his first visit to Hawaii, he heard
through Hawena that Moikeha had died; so
he decided to come for the bones of
Moikeha his father. Laamaikahiki soon after
set sail for Hawaii and first appeared off the
Kau coast, and by evening of the same day
had his canoe moored on the beach at
Kailikii. The following story is told of his
arrival at Kau. [154]
Late in the evening the people of Kau heard
the beating of a drum together with the
notes of a kaeke 17 flute, which startled them
and they rushed out to see where these
sounds came from. When they got outside
they saw that these sounds came from
aboard of a double canoe. Upon seeing this
the people remarked: “It is the canoe of the
god Kupulupulu. These sounds came from
that canoe.” When the people heard that it
was Kupulupulu’s canoe they prepared food
and swine as offerings to the god. As soon
as it was daylight the next day the canoe
and the people on it were seen, and the
people ashore cried out: “Ye makers of the
sounds, here is food and swine; they are
offerings for the god.”
Laamakahiki, however, did not make a long
stay at Kailikii, when he again set sail,
coming along the Kona coast. On this
passage from Kau to Kona, Laamakahiki
continued to beat the drum and play on the
flute, and he was accorded the same
treatment by the Kona people as was given
him by the people of Kau. It was on this visit
that hula dancing, accompanied by the
ka holo alua ana mai o
laamaikahiki.
Noho o Laamaikahiki i Tahiti mahope iho o
kona hoi ana aku mai Kauai aku ma kana
holo mua ana mai, a lohe aku la oia ia
Hawena ua make o Moikeha, nolaila,
manao ae la oia e kii mai i na iwi o kona
makuakane (Moikeha). A nolaila, ua holo
mai la o Laamaikahiki mai Tahiti mai, a ma
Kau kona hoea ana mai, a lana na waa ma
Kailikii, ma ka poeleele ana iho. [155]
A penei ka moolelo o kona hiki ana ma
Kau. I ke ahiahi, lohe aku la na kanaka i ke
kani o ka leo o ka pahu, a me ka leo o ka
ohe kaeke. Nolaila, puiwa koke ae la na
kanaka i keia mea e kani nei, a i ka puka
ana aku e nana, lohe pono loa aku la na
kanaka, aia no luna o na waa keia mea e
kani nei. A no ia mea, olelo ae la na
kanaka: “He mau waa no ke akua, no
Kupulupulu, a nolaila keia mea kani.” A no
ia mea hoomakaukau aku la na kanaka i
ka ai, a me ka puaa, i makana na ke akua.
A ma ke ao ana ae, ike maopopo ia aku la
na waa me na kanaka maluna o na waa.
Alaila, kahea aku la na kanaka o uka: “E
ka mea kani-e! Eia ka ai me ka puaa. He
makana na ke akua.” Aka, aole i liuliu ko
Laamaikahiki ma lana ana ma Kailikii, a o
ka holo mai la no ia ma Kona. Ma ia holo
ana mai a Laamaikahiki mai Kau mai a hiki
ma Kona, o kana hana mau no ia o ka
hookani i ka pahu, a me ka ohe. A e like
me ke kahea ana a ko Kau poe, pela no ko
Kona poe kanaka, a pela no ka lakou hana
ana. Ma keia holo ana a Laamaikahiki, ua
olelo ia nana i hoomaka mua ka hula
kaeke ma Hawaii nei.
drum, is said to have been introduced in
Hawaii by Laamaikahiki.
Laamaikahiki, after receiving food and
swine from the Kona people, continued on
his journey to Kauai where he met his
brother 18 Kila and made arrangements as to
the taking of the bones of Moikeha to Tahiti.
Soon after these arrangements were made
the bones of Moikeha were brought from
Haena. On this occasion Laamaikahiki
made a long visit on Kauai and occupied
his time in teaching the people the art of
dancing. From Kauai Laamaikahiki visited
all the other islands of this group for the
purpose of teaching the people the drum
dance.
Soon after Laamaikahiki’s return to Kauai
from his tour of the other islands, he made
ready for his return to Tahiti, taking with him
his brother Kila and the bones of their
father 19 which were to be deposited in the
mountain of Kapaahu, Moikeha’s own
inheritance, where Laamaikahiki and Kila
also lived until their death. Nothing more
was heard of these two since that time.
CHAPTER X.
The Story of Olopana and His
Wife.
It is said that Olopana was once the king of
the island of Hawaii, who made his
permanent home in Waipio, where he lived
with his wife Luukia. There are, however,
Holo aku la o Laamaikahiki a hiki ma
Kauai, a halawai me kona kaikaina me
Kila, a kuka iho la me kona kaikaina no ka
lawe ia Moikeha i Tahiti. Kiiia aku la na iwi
o Moikeha ma Haena, a laweia mai la.
Noho iho la o Laamaikahiki ma Kauai, a ao
aku la i ka hula i na kanaka, pela mau ko
Laamaikahiki kaapuni ana a puni neia mau
aina. Pela i laha ai ka hula kaeke ma keia
mau moku. A hoi aku la o Laamaikahiki i
Tahiti.
Ia manawa a ua o Laamaikahiki i hoi ai,
lawe ae la oia ia Kila i Tahiti, a lawe pu ia
aku la me na iwi o ko lakou makuakane, a
waihoia aku la ma ka aina hooilina o
Moikeha ma kahi i olelo ia o kuahiwi o
Kapaahu. A malaila lakou i noho ai a hiki i
ko lakou make ana. Aole i lohe hou ia
kekahi Moolelo no lakou ma ia hope mai.
MOKUNA X.
Ka Moolelo o Olopana, a me
Kana Wahine.
Ua oleloia he alii nui o Olopana no ka
mokupuni o Hawaii, a o Luukia kana
wahine, ma Waipio ko laua wahi noho
mau. Aka, ekolu nae Olopana i kamailio ia
three Olopanas spoken of amongst certain
people: The Olopana mentioned in the story
of Kamapuaa, the Olopana said to be of
Tahiti, and the Olopana mentioned in this
story. But the Olopana of this story was the
Olopana who first went to Tahiti with his
wife Luukia, the same as mentioned in the
legend of Moikeha. The genealogy of
Olopana cannot be recounted here, as it is
not known. The only things known of
Olopana are the events of his reign on
Hawaii and his arrival at Tahiti, which are as
follows. [156]
Once upon a time Olopana and his wife
Luukia were the rulers of the island of
Hawaii, and all the people were under
them. During their reign a great flood swept
down the valley of Waipio and carried away
the people and their houses into the ocean.
It is said that in this flood Olopana and his
wife were carried out to sea, which was the
means of their reaching Tahiti. When
Moikeha came to Hawaii and spoke of
Olopana as being in Tahiti, the story was
then made up that when they were carried
out to sea in the flood, they must have
actually swam all the way to Tahiti, as
nothing had been heard of Olopana and his
wife from the time of the flood until the
arrival of Moikeha. According to some of the
old people, however, it is said and believed
that the passage to Tahiti was made in a
canoe.
When the news was first brought here
about Olopana being in Tahiti, the people of
Hawaii were so divided in the belief that he
was actually alive and in Tahiti that it was
decided, as a means of settling these
differences, to send Ulu, the king of Kau, in
a canoe made of bulrushes. 20 After Ulu set
out nothing more was heard of him, not
mawaena o kekahi poe. O ka Olopana i
oleloia iloko o ka moolelo kaao o
Kamapuaa. A o ka Olopana i oleloia no
Tahiti, a o ka Olopana ka mea nona keia
moolelo. Aka o ka Olopana nona keia
moolelo, oia no ka Olopana i holo mua i
Tahiti me kana wahine me Luukia, a oia no
ka mea i olelo ia iloko o ka moolelo o
Moikeha. A penei no ka moolelo no
Olopana a me Luukia. Aole nae e hiki ke
lawe mai i ka mookuauhau no ko Olopana
hanauna, no ka mea, aole i maopopo; o ka
noho alii ana no Hawaii a me ka hiki ana i
Tahiti, oia wale no ka mea i ike ia ma ko
Olopana moolelo. A penei no [157]ia: Noho
alii iho la o Olopana me Luukia kana
wahine, no ka Mokupuni o Hawaii. Aia na
kanaka a pau malalo o laua. A i ka
manawa i wai kahe nui ai o Waipio, oia ka
wai kahe nui ana i halana ia ai ka aina, a
lilo na hale a me na kanaka i ka moana, ia
manawa ka lilo ana o Olopana laua me
Luukia a noho i Tahiti. Aka, aole nae i ike
ia ko laua mea i hiki ai i Tahiti, aka, ma ka
lohe ana o ko Hawaii nei ia Moikeha ma,
aia o Olopana ma i Tahiti, nolaila, ua
manaoia e ko Hawaii nei, ua lilo maoli i ka
moana ma ka au ana a pae ma Tahiti. No
ka mea, mai ka hoomaka ana o ka wai nui
ma Waipio a hiki i kela manawa i loheia ai
ia Moikeha ma ka haohaoia ana.
Ma ka manao ana hoi o kekahi poe kahiko,
maluna o na waa ka holo ana a hiki i Tahiti.
A no ka nui loa o ka hoopaapaa o na
makaainana o Hawaii no Olopana, nolaila,
holo aku la o Ulu ko Kau alii maluna o ka
waa naku akaakai. Ma kela holo ana o Ulu
maluna o kona waa akaakai aole i ikeia ko
Ulu hiki ana i Tahiti, aole no hoi i loheia,
even if he had reached Tahiti. After some
time had elapsed a certain priest was sent
in search of Ulu, but while in mid-ocean the
priest discovered that Ulu had died, so he
returned. Shortly after the return of the
priest, Kapukini, a chief of Puna, was made
king of Hawaii, there being no king over the
island of Hawaii at this time.
Olopana in the meantime was living in Tahiti
with his wife Luukia. Moikeha and his wife
Kapo were the king and queen of Tahiti at
this time. When Moikeha saw that Luukia
was pleasant to look upon he took her to
wife, as already spoken of in Chapter I.
After Moikeha left Tahiti and came to
Hawaii, Olopana, through his kind and
considerate treatment of the people,
became the king of Tahiti. But when
Kupohihi, an uncle of Moikeha, heard that
Tahiti had become independent with
Olopana as its king, he came and sent
Olopana away. Olopana therefore set sail
for Hawaii with his wife Luukia.
Olopana is said to have so treated the
people of Tahiti that he and his wife were
thought much of, and when he set out for
Hawaii a large number of people
accompanied him. Upon the arrival of
Olopana and his companions, the people of
Hawaii saw that their hands and arms were
tatued. The people became so infatuated
with the idea that they too had their arms
aka, he kahuna ka mea nana i holo aku e
imi mahope o ka Ulu holo ana, a waena
moana, ike mua ke kahuna ua make,
nolaila hoi mai ke kahuna. Mahope iho oia
manawa, aole he alii o Hawaii, nolaila lilo
ae la o Kapukini, ke alii o Puna, i alii no
Hawaii a puni. A o Olopana hoi, noho aku
oia i Tahiti me kana wahine me Luukia i ka
manawa e noho alii ana o Moikeha me
kana wahine me Kapo. A ike ae la o
Moikeha ua maikai o Luukia imua o kona
mau maka, nolaila lawe ae la o Moikeha i
wahine moekolohe nana, e like me ka mea
i olelo ia ma ka moolelo o Moikeha,
Mokuna I. (E pono ke nana malaila.)
A o Olopana hoi; mahope iho o ko
Moikeha haalele ana ia Tahiti a holo mai i
Hawaii nei. He nui na hana maikai a
Olopana ia manawa, a no kana mau hana
maikai he nui, hahai ae la na kanaka
malalo ona, a noho alii ae la oia no Tahiti.
Aka, i ka manawa i lohe ai o Kupohihi ka
makuakane pili koko o Moikeha, ua
kuokoa ae la o Tahiti malalo o Olopana,
nolaila, kiiia mai la o Olopana e hookuke.
A no ia mea, hoi mai la o Olopana i Hawaii
nei, me kana wahine me Luukia. He nui ke
aloha o na kanaka ia Olopana no kana
mau hana maikai, a nolaila, ua nui ke
aloha ia Luukia o na wahine. A ma keia
mea, ua nui na kanaka i holo pu mai me
Olopana ma ia hoi ana mai i Hawaii nei.
Ma ia hoi ana mai o Olopana, ua kakauia
na lima i ka uhi, a no ka ike ana o ko
Hawaii nei i ka uhi o Olopana, a me na
kanaka o Tahiti i holo pu mai ai me laua,
nolaila, hoopili aku la lakou i ke kakau i ka
uhi. Ua oleloia, oia ka hoomaka ana o ke
kakau uhi ma keia pae aina.
and hands tatued. It is said that this was the
first time that tatuing was introduced into
these islands.
As soon as Olopana and his people arrived
from Tahiti, he caused some of his men to
reside on Maui, some on Molokai, and
some on Oahu and Kauai. It is said that is
the reason why the people of these islands
speak differently from those of Hawaii.
On their return Olopana and his wife again
took up their residence in Waipio, except at
times when Luukia was isolated to other
places where she was kept and well
treated. These times of isolation came only
at Luukia’s monthly periods, when she
[158]was removed to Puukawaiwai, a place
located between Kawaihae and Waimea.
Here a house was built for her surrounded
by a wall. This particular spot has always
been known as the wall of Luukia and is so
called to this day.
how luukia lived at
puukawaiwai.
It was customary for Luukia to retire to this
house of separation at the approach of her
periods of infirmity. During one of her trips
to this house of separation, while on her
way from Waipio, Luukia met a man by the
name of Waiauwia, a person of some note
who was living at Waimea. This man
became so enamoured of her that he
followed her to her house of separation and
there made advances on her, to which
Luukia replied: “We cannot do such a thing,
as I am defiled.” Upon receiving this reply
from Luukia, Waiauwia was puzzled to
know the meaning of such a thing; he
insisted that she grant his request. At this
I ka manawa i hiki mai ai o Olopana me na
kanaka o Tahiti mai, hoonoho ae la o
Olopana i na kanaka ma Maui, Molokai,
Oahu, a me Kauai, a nolaila ka mea i ano
e ai ka leo o na kanaka o keia mau aina,
aole he like o na olelo ana ma ka leo.
Noho ae la o Olopana ma Waipio me kana
wahine a i kekahi manawa, hookaawale ae
la ia Luukia ma kahi kaawale loa, me ka
malama pono loa ia o ka maluhia. A ia a
hiki i [159]ka wa e hana-wai ai o Luukia,
hoihoi ia mai la oia a hoonoho ma
Puukawaiwai kahi e pili la me Kawaihae a
me Waimea. Malaila ko Luukia halepea, ua
paia i ka pa a puni, nolaila i kapaia ai ka
inoa o ua wahi la o Panoluukia, o kona
inoa ia a hiki mai i keia wa.
ke ano o ko luukia noho ana
ma kela wahi puukawaiwai.
He mea mau ia Luukia ka hoi ma kona
halepea ke kokoke aku i ka manawa e
hanawai ai. I kekahi manawa, i ke kokoke
ana o Luukia e hanawai pii mai la oia mai
Waipio mai. Aka, e noho ana kekahi
kanaka koikoi ma Waimea, o Waiauwia
kona inoa, manao ae la oia e moe me
Luukia. Nolaila, hele aku la oia (Waiauwia)
ma kahi o ka halepea o Luukia, a nonoi
aku la e moe me ia. I mai nae o Luukia,
aole e hiki ke moe laua, no ka mea, aole i
pau ka haumia. A ma keia olelo a Luukia,
haohao iho la o Waiauwia i keia mea. Aka,
hoopaa aku la no o Waiauwia, me ka
makemake no e moe laua. A no ia mea,
determination on his part, Luukia told
Waiauwia: “Don’t come in unto me, for I
have my period of infirmity. This is the
reason why I am separated from Olopana
the king.”
This was the first time that Waiauwia ever
heard of such a thing, that men were
prohibited from living with women during
their monthly periods. Waiauwia was
therefore forced to return to Waimea, and
there informed his wife that it was against
the wish of the gods to have men live with
their wives during their periods of infirmity.
Some time after this first meeting between
Waiauwia and Luukia at Puukawaiwai,
Waiauwia again visited Luukia at her house
of separation, after one of her periods of
infirmity, and this time his desire was at last
satisfied and Luukia fell in wrong-doing with
Waiauwia.
It is said that Olopana brought the tabu
system to these islands. Shortly after this
the tabu system was inaugurated
throughout the whole group.
another story about olopana.
There are several versions of Olopana, as
told by the old historians, and there seems
to be several Olopanas; but it is said that
the Olopana who was the husband of
Luukia was the Olopana who was known as
the younger brother of Moikeha and that he
was a Tahitian, being born and raised there;
and that it was in Tahiti that he first met and
olelo mai o Luukia, me ka i aku ia
Waiauwia: “Mai komo mai oe maloko nei,
ua hanawai wau, nolaila wau i kaawale ai
me ke alii (Olopana).”
Akahi no a loheia keia mea e Waiauwia, he
mea kapu no na kane ka noho pu me na
wahine i ka manawa e hanawai ai. Nolaila,
hoi aku la o Waiauwia, a hai aku la i kana
wahine, he mea kapu loa ka noho pu ana
o na kane me na wahine ke hiki i ka
manawa e hanawai ai na wahine.
I kekahi manawa, mahope mai o ko
Waiauwia halawai mua ana me Luukia ma
Puukawaiwai, hele hou aka la ua o
Waiauwia ma ka halepea mau o Luukia,
kahi hoi i halawai mua aku ai laua, kahi i
haiia mai ai ke kapu. Ia manawa, ia laua i
halawai hou ai, mahope iho o ka pau ana o
ko Luukia hanawai ana; hai aku la o
Waiauwia i kona makemake e launa me
Luukia. A mamuli oia ano, haule iho la o
Luukia i ka hana hewa me Waiauwia.
Ua oleloia na Olopana i lawe mai ke kapu
ma Hawaii nei. Ma ia hope mai laha ae la
ke kapu ma keia mau Mokupuni a pau.
kekahi kamailio ana o
olopana.
He like ole ke kamailio ana a ka poe
kahiko no ka moolelo o Olopana, no ka
mea, aole hookahi Olopana i oleloia. Aka,
ua oleloia, o ka Olopana nana o Luukia, ua
oleloia oia ka Olopana kaikaina o Moikeha,
no Tahiti no ia, a ma Tahiti no kona wahi i
hanau ai, a malaila no ia i hoao ai me
Luukia, a no Tahiti no o Luukia. Aole nae
lived with Luukia; and that Luukia was also
a Tahitian. But this version is very rarely
spoken of. What are commonly known,
however, are these: that Olopana is
mentioned in the chant of Kualii, and the
Hawaiian people are still using the skirt or
pau of Luukia. [113]
he nui loa o ke kamailio ana pela. Aka o ka
mea maopopo, no ka mea, ua
hoomaopopoia ma ka moolelo o Kualii. A
ke malamaia nei e keia lahui ka pa-u o
Luukia. [160]

1 This was a popular betting game which consisted

of sliding a slender stick or javelin some four or
more feet in length, first striking the ground or
smoothed grassy plot in its flight; a variation from the
short cane-arrow game of pua. ↑
2 Olohu, as also ulu, was the name of a stone disk
used in a game of same name, more particularly
on Maui and Oahu. It was more generally known as
maika, the game consisting of rolling this round,
smooth stone the greatest distance, on which heavy
stakes were wagered, even to one’s bones, meaning
life itself. ↑
3 The covering of water-gourds, to which the “pau
of Luukia” is likened, was a woven network of
cord, without apparent beginning or ending. D. Malo
says the canoe-lashing of the Luukia kind was
reserved for the canoes of royalty and was known
as, or called, kaholo. ↑
4 Name of the famed Paao temple at Puuepa,
North Kohala. ↑
5 Recounting the incidents of the voyage. ↑
6 A toy made from a curved leaf of the ki plant
(Dracaena terminalis). ↑
7 These arrows were made from the blossom-stalk
of the sugar-cane and were of two kinds, one of
less than two feet in length for shunting along the
ground; the other was usually the full length of the
stalk, its use being with a short string so affixed as to
detach itself as it was jerked from the ground for its
flight. Both kinds had to be perfectly straight to
accomplish long flights; any tendency to curve
rendered the arrow defective. ↑
8 One of the structures within the heiau, or
temple. ↑
9 Disfigurement of the person upon the death of a
chief was general and varied. Peculiar hair
cutting, even to the shaving of the head, marking of
the face, knocking out of the front teeth, etc., being
recognized grief signs. ↑
10 One of the signs of royalty’s presence. ↑
11 This is the first reference to a “place of refuge”
among the temples of Hawaii, of which this one of
Paakalana, at Waipio, Hamakua, and the city of
refuge at Honaunau, Kona, were the most famous
throughout the group. The latter is still in existence in
a fair state of preservation. ↑
12 Lua pa’u was a deep pit, a necessary adjunct to
all temples of sacrifice; virtually a bone pit. ↑
13 Puloulou was a kapa-covered stick, called pahu,
erected as a sign of kapu. When attached to the
platform of a double canoe it was such as to indicate
the voyaging chief’s rank. ↑
14 The Oneoneohonua was a prayer of long
duration. ↑
15 The anuu was the tall skeleton-framed, kapa-
covered structure of a temple, before which the
idols stood, and where victims were laid; known also
as lananuu, and nananuu. ↑
16This request was for the carrying out of the
moepuu, or “companions-in-death” idea, a not
uncommon practice up to the times of
Kamehameha. ↑
17 Ohe kaeke is lit. a drum-flute, a bambu
instrument as accompaniment to the drum. ↑
18 Laamaikahiki, a son of Moikeha by Kapo, his first
wife, was a half-brother of Kila. ↑
19 The bones of Moikeha must have been returned
and cared for by the sons after that fateful trip to
Waipio, instead of having been lost in the ocean, as
reported by them. ↑
20 Waa naku seems to have been coupled
erroneously in its rendition of “a canoe made of
bulrushes.” Naku has several meanings, one of
which, according to Andrews, is “a search, a pursuit
after.” Using that term in this case would render it
appropriately a “search canoe,” rather than an
unseaworthy craft of rushes, nowhere else referred
to in Hawaiian tradition. ↑
[Contents]
The Legend of Kila.
Moikeha was the father and
Hooipoikamalanai was the
mother of Kila, whose birthplace
was the land of Kapaa. There
were three children in the family,
of which Kila was the youngest.
While very young it was their
custom to resort to the Wailua
River and there learn the art of
canoe sailing. In the wrestling
matches Kila, though the
youngest, always prevailed over
his older brothers. One day, in
order to determine which one of
his sons was the strongest,
bravest and most skillful in the
art of canoe sailing, Moikeha
decided to give them a test. After
calling his sons to come before
him, he said: “I want you all to go
to the other side of the river and
set your canoes down in the
He Kaao no Kila.
O Moikeha ka makuakane, o
Hooipoikamalanai ka
makuahine, o Kapaa i Kauai ka
aina, oia kahi o Kila i hanau ai.
Ekolu lakou o ka hanau ana, o
Kila ka muli. I ko lakou wa
kamalii, he hooholoholo waa ka
hana i ka muliwai o Wailua, a i
ka wa nae e hakoko ai me na
kaikuaana, na Kila no ka eha o
na kaikuaana. A mahope,
hailona o Moikeha i na keiki ana,
i akaka ko lakou mea ikaika, a
koa. I aku o Moikeha: “E hele
oukou a ma kela kapa o ka
muliwai, kuu mai i na waa a
oukou, a i ku kuu piko, o ke keiki
waiwai ia o oukou.” Kuu mai la
ka mua, aole i ku, kuu mai la
kona muli, aole i ku, kuu o Kila,
ku ka piko o Moikeha; olelo aku
o Moikeha i na keiki: “Aohe a
water and let them sail toward olua waiwai, eia ke keiki waiwai
me. The one who will be able to o ko olua pokii.”
so steer his canoe as to hit me in
the navel will surely be the most
prosperous amongst you.”

After arriving at their stations the

first-born set his canoe down
and steered it to his father, but it
missed the mark. The second
son then in his turn set his down
and steered it for the mark, but it
missed also. Kila then in his turn
started his, and it sailed directly
to Moikeha and hit his navel.
Moikeha then addressed his
sons, saying: “You two,” turning
to the oldest, “will never amount
to much. This your youngest
brother will be the most
prosperous of you all.”

As Kila grew up into manhood he A nui ae la o Kila, nui pu kona

also grew in beauty and
manliness, so much so that he
was recognized as the most
handsome man in all of Kauai,
he having no equal. He also
grew up to be a very strong and
brave man.
maikai a me ka nani, a oia ko
Kauai oi a puni; aole ona lua, nui
pu me ka ikaika a me ke koa. O
Moikeha, mai Kahiki ka hele ana
mai, i aaia i ke aloha o Luukia, a
haalele aku ia i kona hale ia
Moaulanuiakea, a me na ’lii, na
kanaka, na kupu o ka moana.

Moikeha originally came from Ma kona hele ana mai, loaa o

Tahiti, through grief and
depression of spirit over Luukia.
Because of his great grief he left
his home Moaulanuiakea, the
chiefs, the people and the demi-
gods of the deep. On his way to
Kauai he met Kakakauhanui off
the Kalaau point, Molokai,
fishing. This man had very long
legs; his body while in the water
could steady his canoe with his
legs. He could stay under water
without breathing for a very long
time. Upon meeting this man,
Moikeha took him as an adopted
son and brought him along to
Kauai. Moikeha was a high chief,
and his wife Hooipoikamalanai
was a chiefess of very high rank
throughout the whole island of
Kauai.
After the lapse of some time,
Moikeha fitted out a double
canoe for his son Kila and
instructed him to go to Tahiti and
slay his old enemies. After
everything pertaining to the
voyage was ready, the paddlers,
the bailers, immediate
attendants, uncles and
Kakakauhanui boarded the
canoe together with Kila, who sat
Kakakauhanui i ka lae o Kalauu i
Molokai, e lawaia ana. He
kanaka uha loihi ia, e luu ana ke
kino ilalo, e kaohi ana ka uha i
ka waa, he kanaka aho loa.
Lawe mai la o Moikeha ia ia i
keiki hookama, a noho i Kauai.
He ’lii nui o Moikeha, a he ’lii no
hoi ka wahine o
Hooipoikamalanai, no Kauai a
puni.
Hoomakaukau o Moikeha i na
waa no kana keiki no Kila, e holo
ai i Kahiki i kona wahi i kumakaia
ia ai e kona poe enemi. A
makaukau, ee na hoewaa, na ka
liu, na kahu, na makuakane
hanauna; o Kakakauhanui, o
Kila i luna o ka pola o na waa.
Mamua ae o ke kau ana i na
waa, olelo aku o Moikeha i ke
keiki: “Ke hele la, mai
in the covered platform, and they
set sail for Tahiti. Before Kila
boarded the canoe, however,
Moikeha addressed him saying:
“You are on your way. Don’t fail
to recognize your uncle Makalii,
or you will kill him.” After all the
islands had disappeared and all
that could be seen was the top of
Maunakea, they were met by
Keaumiki and Keauka, 1 two
[162]monster demigods of the
deep, who drew their canoe
down to the coral beds of the
sea: so Kakakauhanui dove
down to the bottom and stayed
there for ten 2 and two nights
before coming up again.
Keaumiki and Keauka were only
able to stay down ten nights.
This feat of endurance saved the
canoe. The voyage was then
resumed.
When they were approaching
near to Tahiti they first touched
at a small island where the aunt
of Moikeha was living, a
supernatural rat, Kanepohihi by
name. Her eyes were covered
over with wrinkles and she was
blind. When Kila came upon her
she was cooking bananas in the
hoohewahewa i ko makuakane,
o Makalii, o make ia oe.”
Holo aku la lakou a naha na
moku o Hawaii nei, a nalowale
ka aina, koe o Mauna Kea, aole i
nalowale. Loaa lakou i na kupu o
ka moana ia Keaumiki a me
Keauka, mimiki ia ka waa o
lakou ilalo, a loaa ke ko-a, a me
ke a, ka puna. Ia wa luu o
Kakakauhanui a noho ilalo;
hookahi anahulu a me na po keu
elua, ea mai o Kakakauhanui;
hookahi anahulu ko Keaumiki a
me Keauka, ea mai. Nolaila,
pakele na [163]waa i ka make. Ia
lakou i holo ai a kokoke i ka aina
o Kahiki, aia i ka moana he wahi
aina moku i ke kai, ilaila ka
makuahine o Moikeha, he iole, o
Kanepohihi, ua nalo na maka i
ka alu, he luahine makapo, e
pulehu maia ana.
A hiki o Kila i kahi o Kanepohihi
e pulehu maia ana, lalau iho la
keia i ka maia, a kapae ae la i
kapa; haha iho la o Kanepohihi,
aohe loaa, olelo iho la: “He kupu
hoi keia.” I aku o Kila ia
Kanepohihi: “E weli hoi ia oe e
Kanepohihi.”
ashes. When he saw Kanepohihi
cooking bananas, he reached
down, took the bananas and
placed them on to one side of
the cooking place. When
Kanepohihi reached for the
bananas she was unable to find
them, so she said to herself:
“There must be a demi-god
about.”

At this Kila addressed her

saying: “My greetings to you,
Kanepohihi.”

Kanepohihi replied: “The same Olelo mai o Kanepohihi ia ia: “E

to you.” ane ana.”

Kila continued: “Your grandchild Olelo aku o Kila: “I aloha mai ko

and lord send you aloha moopuna haku ia oe.”
greetings.”

Kanepohihi asked: “Who is this Ninau aku o Kanepohihi: “Owai

grandchild and lord of mine?” ua moopuna haku nei a’u?”

Kila answered: “Moikeha.” Hai aku o Kila: “O Moikeha.”

Kanepohihi again asked: “Is Ninau hou mai o Kanepohihi:

Moikeha then still alive?” “Ke ola ala no ka o Moikeha?”
“Ae, ke ola ala no.”
Kila replied: “He is still alive.”

Kanepohihi again asked: “What Ninau hou o Kanepohihi: “Ka

is he doing?” walea ana?”
Kila then chanted the following in
a pleasing way:
“He is indulging in ease in Kauai,
Where the sun rises and sets
again,
Where the surf of Makaiwa
curves and bends,
Where the sun comes up over
The kalukalu 3 of Kewa;
The cool and calm shade of
Kewa,
The stretched out waters of
Wailua,
And the entrancing favors of my
mother
Hooipoikamalanai.
He will live and die in Kauai.”
Kanepohihi replied: “You seem to
know my name, but I don’t know
who you are.” He then told her
his own name: “I am Kila of the
uplands, Kila of the lowlands. I
am Kila, the last child of my
mother Hooipoikamalanai, and
the offspring of Moikeha.”
Kanepohihi replied: “You are my
lord. What is the object of this
Kau aku o Kila me ka lealea:
“I walea ia Kauai,
I ka la hiki ae a po iho,
I ke kee a ka nalu o Makaiwa,
I ka hiki mai a ka la maluna,
O ke kalukalu o Kewa,
O ka wai halau o Wailua.
O ka lealea o ka mai o kuu
makuahine,
O Hooipoikamalanai,
O kahi noho no o Kauai a make.”
Olelo mai o Kanepohihi: “Akahi
ka hoi ka loaa o ko makou inoa
ia oe, aole hoi he loaa o kou
inoa.”
Olelo aku o Kila me ka hai i kona
inoa ponoi: “O Kila iuka, o Kila i
kai, o Kila pa wahine, a
Hooipoikamalanai o Kama au a
Moikeha.”
Olelo mai o Kanepohihi: “E kuu
haku, heaha ka huakai a kuu
voyage and visit paid me by my
lord?”
Kila replied: “It is a voyage in
search of a chief.”
Kanepohihi answered: “There
are no chiefs left. Kahuahuakai
was the last of the chiefs that
was slain, with the exception of
your father, myself and your
father’s younger brother. This
was the cause why your father
Moikeha left this place and
moved to Kauai.” [164]
Through Kila’s power of foresight
he answered: “There is a chief.
He is living in the uplands of
Wahiawa, screened by the fog
and secreted by Huihui and
Maeele.”
The reason why this call was
made by Kila on Kanepohihi,
was because he was without
food. To the request for food,
Kanepohihi replied: “I have no
food. All I do is to live in idleness
here. There is only one person
who has food, your uncle
Makalii.”
Makalii was Moikeha’s own
haku o ka hiki ana mai?” I mai o
Kila: “He huakai imi alii.”
“Aohe alii; a Kahuahuakai pau
na ’lii i ka luku ia, koe ko
makuakane, koe au a me ka
muli o ko makuakane, nolaila,
hele aku ai ko makuakane o
Moikeha a noho ia Kauai.” Ma ko
Kila mana a me ka ike, olelo aku
la ia: “He ’lii no, aia la i uka o
Wahiawa, ua alai ia mai e ka
ohu, ua paa ia Huihui laua o
Maeele.” O ke kumu o [165]Kila i
hiki ai imua O Kanepohihi, o ka
pololi. I mai o Kanepohihi: “Aohe
a’u ai, o ka noho wale iho la no i
anei. Hookahi no mea ai o ko
makuakane o Makalii.”
A Makalii, o ko Moikeha kaikaina