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Full download Chemistry The Central Science 14th Edition Brown Test Bank all chapter 2024 pdf
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Chemistry: The Central Science, 14e (Brown, et al.)
Chapter 7 Periodic Properties of the Elements
1) In which set of elements would all members be expected to have very similar chemical
properties?
A) O, S, Se
B) N, O, F
C) Na, Mg, K
D) S, Se, Si
E) Ne, Na, Mg
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.1
LO: 7.1
GO: G2
2) In which set of elements would all members be expected to have very similar chemical
properties?
A) P, Se, I
B) Cl, Br, Na
C) Si, As, Te
D) Ne, Na, Mg
E) Br, I, At
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.1
LO: 7.1
GO: G2
3) Electrons in the 1s subshell are much closer to the nucleus in Ar than in He due to the larger
________ in Ar.
A) nuclear charge
B) paramagnetism
C) diamagnetism
D) Hund's rule
E) azimuthal quantum number
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.2
LO: 7.1, 7.2
GO: G2
1
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
4) Screening of the nuclear charge by core electrons in atoms is ________.
A) less efficient than that by valence electrons
B) more efficient than that by valence electrons
C) essentially identical to that by valence electrons
D) responsible for a general decrease in atomic radius going down a group
E) both essentially identical to that by valence electrons and responsible for a general decrease in
atomic radius going down a group
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.2
LO: 7.1, 7.2
GO: G2
6) The atomic radius of main-group elements generally increases down a group because
________.
A) effective nuclear charge increases down a group
B) effective nuclear charge decreases down a group
C) effective nuclear charge zigzags down a group
D) the principal quantum number of the valence orbitals increases
E) both effective nuclear charge increases down a group and the principal quantum number of
the valence orbitals increases
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.3
LO: 7.2, 7.3, 7.4
GO: G2
2
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
8) Atomic radius generally decreases as we move ________.
A) down a group and from right to left across a period
B) up a group and from left to right across a period
C) down a group and from left to right across a period
D) up a group and from right to left across a period
E) down a group; the period position has no effect
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.3
LO: 7.2, 7.3, 7.4
GO: G2
9) Of the following, which gives the correct order for atomic radius for Mg, Na, P, Si and Ar?
A) Mg > Na > P > Si > Ar
B) Ar > Si > P > Na > Mg
C) Si > P > Ar > Na > Mg
D) Na > Mg > Si > P > Ar
E) Ar > P > Si > Mg > Na
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.3
LO: 7.2, 7.3, 7.4
GO: G2
10) Of the following, which gives the correct order for atomic radius for Ca, K, As, Ge and Kr?
A) Ca > K > As > Ge > Kr
B) Kr > Ge > As > K > Ca
C) Ge > As > Kr > K > Ca
D) K > Ca > Ge > As > Kr
E) Kr > As > Ge > Ca > K
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.3
LO: 7.2, 7.3, 7.4
GO: G2
3
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
12) Which of the following is an isoelectronic series?
A) B5-, Si4-, As3-, Te2-
B) F-, Cl-, Br-, I-
C) S, Cl, Ar, K
D) Si2-, P2-, S2-, Cl2-
E) O2-, F-, Ne, Na+
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.3
LO: 7.2, 7.3, 7.4
GO: G2
14) Of the choices below, which gives the order for first ionization energies?
A) Cl > S > Al > Ar > Si
B) Ar > Cl > S > Si > Al
C) Al > Si > S > Cl > Ar
D) Cl > S > Al > Si > Ar
E) S > Si > Cl > Al > Ar
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.4
LO: 7.2, 7.5
GO: G2
4
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
16) ________ have the lowest first ionization energies of the groups listed.
A) Alkali metals
B) Transition elements
C) Halogens
D) Alkaline earth metals
E) Noble gases
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.4
LO: 7.2, 7.5
GO: G2
17) Which of the following correctly represents the third ionization of gallium?
A) Ga (g) → Ga+ (g) + e-
B) Ga+ (g) → Ga2+ (g) + e-
C) Ga2- (g) + e- → Ga3- (g)
D) Ga2+ (g) → Ga3+ (g) + e-
E) Ga+ (g) + e- → Ga2+ (g)
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.4
LO: 7.2, 7.5
GO: G2
18) Which of the following correctly represents the third ionization of aluminum?
A) Al2+ (g) + e- → Al+ (g)
B) Al (g) → Al+ (g) + e-
C) Al2- (g) + e- → Al3- (g)
D) Al2+ (g) + e- → Al3+ (g)
E) Al2+ (g) → Al3+ (g) + e-
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.4
LO: 7.2, 7.5
GO: G2
19) Which of the following correctly represents the first ionization of oxygen?
A) O (g) → O+ (g) + e-
B) O+ (g) + e- → O2+ (g)
C) O (g) + e- → O- (g)
D) O- (g) + e- → O2- (g)
E) O+ (g) + e- → O (g)
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.4
LO: 7.2, 7.5
GO: G2
5
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
20) Which equation correctly represents the first ionization of calcium?
A) Ca (g) → Ca+ (g) + e-
B) Ca (g) → Ca- (g) + e-
C) Ca (g) + e- → Ca- (g)
D) Ca- (g) → Ca (g) + e-
E) Ca+ (g) + e- → Ca (g)
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.4
LO: 7.2, 7.5
GO: G2
21) Which of the following correctly represents the second ionization of calcium?
A) Ca (g) → Ca+ (g) + e-
B) Ca+ (g) → Ca2+ (g) + e-
C) Ca- (g) + e- → Ca2- (g)
D) Ca+ (g) + e- → Ca2+ (g)
E) Ca+ (g) + e- → Ca (g)
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.4
LO: 7.2, 7.5
GO: G2
22) Which of the following correctly represents the second ionization of copper?
A) Cu (g) → Cu+ (g) + e-
B) Cu+ (g) → Cu2+ (g) + e-
C) Cu- (g) + e- → Cu2- (g)
D) Cu+ (g) + e- → Cu2+ (g)
E) Cu+ (g) + e- → Cu (g)
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.4
LO: 7.2, 7.5
GO: G2
6
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
24) Which of the following species has the smallest ionic radius?
A) Al3+
B) Na+
C) Mg2+
D) S2-
E) Cl-
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.3
LO: 7.2, 7.3, 7.4
GO: G2
Consider the following electron configurations to answer the questions that follow:
25) The electron configuration belonging to the atom with the highest second ionization energy
is ________.
A) (i)
B) (ii)
C) (iii)
D) (iv)
E) (v)
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.4
LO: 7.2, 7.5
GO: G2
26) The electron configuration that belongs to the atom with the lowest first ionization energy is
________.
A) (i)
B) (ii)
C) (iii)
D) (iv)
E) (v)
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.4
LO: 7.2, 7.5
GO: G2
7
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
27) The electron configuration of the atom with the most negative electron affinity is ________.
A) (i)
B) (ii)
C) (iii)
D) (iv)
E) (v)
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.5
LO: 7.2
GO: G2
28) The electron configuration of the atom that is expected to have the least negative electron
affinity is ________.
A) (i)
B) (ii)
C) (iii)
D) (iv)
E) (v)
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.5
LO: 7.2
GO: G2
29) Of the following elements, ________ has the most negative electron affinity.
A) S
B) Cl
C) Se
D) Br
E) I
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.5
LO: 7.2
GO: G2
30) Of the following elements, ________ has the most negative electron affinity.
A) P
B) Al
C) Si
D) Cl
E) B
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.5
LO: 7.2
GO: G2
8
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
31) Of the following elements, ________ has the most negative electron affinity.
A) O
B) K
C) B
D) Na
E) S
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.5
LO: 7.2
GO: G2
32) Sodium is much more apt to exist as a cation than is chlorine. This is because ________.
A) chlorine is a gas and sodium is a solid
B) chlorine has a greater electron affinity than sodium does
C) chlorine is bigger than sodium
D) chlorine has a greater ionization energy than sodium does
E) chlorine is more metallic than sodium
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.4
LO: 7.2, 7.5
GO: G2
34) Which of the following correctly represents the electron affinity of bromine?
A) Br (g) → Br+ (g) + e-
B) Br (g) + e- → Br- (g)
C) Br2 (g) + e- → Br- (g)
D) Br2 (g) + 2e- → 2Br- (g)
E) Br+ (g) + e- → Br (g)
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.5
LO: 7.2
GO: G2
9
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
35) Which of the following correctly represents the electron affinity of phosphorus?
A) P (g) → P+ (g) + e-
B) P (g) + e- → P- (g)
C) P4 (g) + e- → P- (g)
D) P4 (g) + 4e- → 4P- (g)
E) P+ (g) + e- → P (g)
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.5
LO: 7.2
GO: G2
36) In the generation of most anions, the energy change (kJ/mol) that ________ an electron is
________.
A) removes, positive
B) adds, positive
C) removes, negative
D) adds, negative
E) None of the above is correct.
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.5
LO: 7.2
GO: G2
38) The list that correctly indicates the order of metallic character is ________.
A) B > N > C
B) F > Cl > S
C) Si > P > S
D) P > S > Se
E) Na > K > Rb
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.6
LO: 7.7
GO: G2
10
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
39) Which of the following has the most metallic character?
A) Al
B) Ca
C) Mg
D) Sr
E) Si
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.6
LO: 7.7
GO: G2
40) Of the elements below, ________ has the highest melting point.
A) Ca
B) K
C) Fe
D) Na
E) Ba
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.6
LO: 7.7
GO: G2
11
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
43) Reacting CO2 with water results in a(n) ________ solution.
A) ionic
B) neutral
C) basic
D) acidic
E) CO2 does not react with water
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.6
LO: 7.7
GO: G2
44) The element in the periodic table that looks like a metal, is a poor thermal conductor, and
acts as an electrical semiconductor is ________.
A) Sn
B) B
C) As
D) Si
E) Ge
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.6
LO: 7.7
GO: G2
46) Which of the following oxides do not produce an acidic solution when dissolved in water?
A) SO3
B) P2O5
C) CO2
D) Al2O3
E) Cl2O
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.6
LO: 7.7
GO: G2
12
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
47) Nonmetals can be ________ at room temperature.
A) solid, liquid, or gas
B) solid or liquid
C) solid only
D) liquid only
E) liquid or gas
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.6
LO: 7.7
GO: G2
49) When two elements combine to form a compound, the ________ the difference in metallic
character between the two elements, the ________ the likelihood that the compound will be a
________ at room temperature.
A) smaller, greater, solid
B) greater, greater, liquid
C) greater, greater, solid
D) smaller, greater, liquid
E) greater, smaller, solid
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.6
LO: 7.7
GO: G2
13
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
51) The difference in metallic character is the smallest between ________.
A) Li and O
B) Rb and F
C) Na and I
D) Rb and Cl
E) Na and Mg
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.6
LO: 7.7
GO: G2
52) The oxide of which element can react with water to give a basic solution?
A) sulfur
B) calcium
C) phosphorus
D) nitrogen
E) carbon
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.6
LO: 7.7
GO: G2
53) Consider the general valence electron configuration of ns2np5 and the following statements:
(i) Elements with this electron configuration are expected to form -1 anions.
(ii) Elements with this electron configuration are expected to have large positive electron
affinities.
(iii) Elements with this electron configuration are nonmetals.
(iv) Elements with this electron configuration form acidic oxides.
14
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
54) Which group in the periodic table has the lowest first ionization energy?
A) VIA
B) IA
C) IIIA
D) IIA
E) VIIA
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.7
LO: 7.8
GO: G2
56) Which one of the following is not true about the alkali metals?
A) They are low density solids at room temperature.
B) They all readily form ions with a +1 charge.
C) They all have 2 electrons in their valence shells.
D) They are very reactive elements.
E) They have the lowest first ionization energies of the elements.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.7
LO: 7.8
GO: G2
15
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
57) Consider the following properties of an element:
58) All of the following reactions concerning alkali metals are correct except ________.
A) 2Na (s) + 2H2O (l) → 2NaOH (aq) + H2 (g)
B) Na (s) + O2 (g) → NaO2 (s)
C) 2Na (s) + H2 (g) → 2NaH (s)
D) 2Na (s) + S (s) → Na2S (s)
E) 2Na (s) + Cl2 (g) → 2NaCl (s)
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.7, 7.8
LO: 7.8, 7.9
GO: G2
16
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
60) Alkali metals tend to be more reactive than alkaline earth metals because ________.
A) alkali metals have lower densities
B) alkali metals have lower melting points
C) alkali metals have greater electron affinities
D) alkali metals have lower ionization energies
E) Alkali metals are not more reactive than alkaline earth metals.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.7
LO: 7.8
GO: G2
62) Lithium ion salts were originally found in Seven-Up® drinks. How many electrons does Li
atom lose to become an ion?
A) 4
B) 3
C) 0
D) 1
E) 2
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.7
LO: 7.8
GO: G7
63) Lithium ion salts were used to treat manic-depressive illness. Lithium is part of which group
in the periodic table?
A) alkali metals
B) noble gases
C) alkaline earth metals
D) halogens
E) chalcogens
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.7
LO: 7.8
GO: G7
17
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
64) Which alkaline earth metal will not react with liquid water or with steam?
A) Be
B) Mg
C) Ca
D) Ba
E) They all react with liquid water and with steam.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.7, 7.8
LO: 7.8, 7.9
GO: G2
66) ________ is a unique element and does not truly belong to any family.
A) Nitrogen
B) Radium
C) Hydrogen
D) Uranium
E) Helium
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.8
LO: 7.10a
GO: G2
18
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
68) All of the following elements can exist as allotropes except ________.
A) N
B) Ar
C) O
D) S
E) F
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.8
LO: 7.11
GO: G2
71) The noble gases were, until relatively recently, thought to be entirely unreactive.
Experiments in the early 1960s showed that Xe could, in fact, form compounds with fluorine.
The formation of compounds consisting of Xe is made possible by ________.
A) the availability of xenon atoms
B) xenon's noble gas electron configuration
C) the stability of xenon atoms
D) xenon's relatively low ionization energy
E) xenon's relatively low electron affinity
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.8
LO: 7.11
GO: G2
19
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
72) Which of the following noble gases is not reactive?
A) xenon and argon
B) helium and neon
C) xenon only
D) xenon, krypton, and argon
E) None of the above are reactive
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.8
LO: 7.11
GO: G2
A) 1, 2, 3, 5
B) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
C) 1, 4, 5
D) 3, 4
E) 2, 3, 4, 5
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 7.8
LO: 7.10a
GO: G2
20
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Language: French
L’ABSENCE
ET LE
RETOUR
PARIS
BERNARD GRASSET, ÉDITEUR
61, RUE DES SAINTS-PÈRES, PARIS, 6e
1928
DU MÊME AUTEUR
J’ai tâché de peindre cela qui plaisait à mes yeux, qui leur
procurait du bonheur, qui faisait naître en moi l’ambition de me
l’approprier, qui souvent se composait non sans quelque peine et
m’incitait à rêver diversement. Il me fallait éviter à tout prix d’imiter,
de rappeler de trop près les vieilles peintures chinoises que je
dénichais parfois dans l’arrière-boutique des brocanteurs. Voir par
moi-même, réaliser ma vision pour d’autres que pour moi, donner du
spectacle offert une interprétation vraiment personnelle, tout en
retenant avec soin l’influence de cet arome exotique, parfois
enivrant, qui me forçait à comprendre la nature autrement que je
n’eusse fait les roches, les forêts et la mer de mon pays de
Provence ; en exprimer, pour ainsi dire, la magie par de nouvelles
couleurs, des traits et des arabesques nouveaux… Voilà quel était
mon seul désir.
Quelqu’un vient vers moi : un vieillard à longue barbe blanche,
coiffé d’une calotte de bure, vêtu de façon paysanne, presque à la
mode du pays. Je me lève de mon X et vais au-devant de lui la main
tendue.
« Salut, Père Morbègue ! Vous prédisiez juste. La lumière est
bonne, ce matin : j’ai pu travailler.
— Bonjour, monsieur Michel. Encore à peindre ! Vous finirez par
user tous nos paysages ! »
Le père Morbègue a dit : « Bonjour, monsieur Michel ! » Je me
nomme donc Michel… oui : Michel Duroy.
Ah ! je sais maintenant, pourquoi je me trouve en Chine ! Non
seulement je vois les paysages qui me sont familiers, je les admire
et m’y promène, mais je vois ma propre personne ; je puis la
nommer librement !
III