Who was the leader of the Cavite Mutiny, the first huelga (labor strike) recorded in the Philippines?

Francisco la Madrid
Rafael de Izquerdo was the Spanish Governor-General during this incident.

(Who was the first woman councilor of Manila? Carmen Planas Elected in the local election of December 14, 1937.
Ranking second among the Councillors elected, her victory marked the entry of women into Philippine local politics

Who won the first Philippine National Presidential Election? Manuel Luis Quezon The first Philippine President of the
Commonwealth and the "Father of the Philippine language", Manuel L. Quezon (1935-1944) was recognized by the US
after the Philippines gained self-government in 1916. He won the elections in 1935 against First Republic President
Emilio Aguinaldo and Bishop Gregorio Aglipay.

The Tejeros Convention happened in which Philippine province? Cavite Bonifacio was in negotiations aimed at uniting
the Katipuan factions in Tejeros, Cavite. He was invited by Magdalo to settle the governorship of the country, but
Magdalo settled for revolutionary government and Magdiwang ("Celebrate" in Filipino) agreed to retain Katipunan.

When was Manuel L. Quezon inaugurated? November 15, 1935

He was the first President of the Commonwealth.

During his exile in Dapitan, Rizal met someone claiming to a cousin or relative of his. He was actually a friar's spy seeking
a way of ruining Rizal legally. This spy has been identified as P.M. Given that M stands for Mercado, what does the P
stand for? During his exile in Dapitan, Rizal met someone claiming to a cousin or relative of his. He was actually a friar's
spy seeking a way of ruining Rizal legally. This spy has been identified as P.M. Given that M stands for Mercado, what
does the P stand for?

Who led the longest revolt in the Philippines during the Spanish times? It lasted for 85 years (1744-1829). Francisco
Dagohoy rose in rebellion because a Jesuit priest refused to give his brother, Sagarino, a Christian burial as he had died
in a duel

. Who led the longest revolt in the Philippines during the Spanish times?

Your Answer: Francisco Dagohoy

1.It lasted for 85 years (1744-1829). Francisco Dagohoy rose in rebellion because a Jesuit priest refused to give his
brother, Sagarino, a Christian burial as he had died in a duel.

2. Who was the Spanish governor-general who ordered the deportation of Jose Rizal to Dapitan?

The correct answer was Gov. Gen. Eulogio Despujol

Jose Rizal was deported days after he founded the La Liga Filipina on July 6, 1892. La Liga Filipina, ostensibly a civic
association composed of Filipinos that had as its motto 'Unus Instar Omnium' ('One Like All'), was considered by the
Spanish authorities as "dangerous".

3. What was the name of the Filipino soldier who led the Cavite Mutiny of 1872?

Your Answer: Sergeant Lamadrid

Ferdinand La Madrid was a mestizo sergeant who led the mutiny after Spanish authorities subjected his co-soldiers at
the Engineering and Artillery Corps to personal taxes from which they had previously been exempted. The taxes obliged
them to pay a monetary sum and to do the "polo y servicio" or forced labor! (Source: Wikipedia article on the Cavite
Munity).

4. Who wrote the "Kartilla", considered the 'bible' of the Katipunan movement?

The correct answer was Emilio Jacinto

Jacinto was the adviser on fiscal matters and secretary to Andrés Bonifacio, the leader of the Katipunan movement. The
primer he wrote consisted of 13 teachings which the members of the (Katipunan) were expected to follow. "A life that is
not dedicated to a noble cause is like a tree without a shade or a poisonous weed" was one of the 13 teachings. Jacinto
was also the editor of the Katipunan newspaper called "Kalayaan", which translates to "Freedom".

5. Who created the designs for the Philippine national flag?

Your Answer: Emilio Aguinaldo

General Emilio Aguinaldo, while in exile in Hong Kong in 1897, conceived the design for the flag, drawing inspiration
from the flags used by the Katipunan and the Cuban revolutionaries. The flag had blue and red horizontal bands with a
white triangle at the flag's left side.

Inside the triangle was a yellow sun with eight rays, representing the first eight provinces which had revolted against the
Spaniards. At each corner of the triangle were the three stars for the three main islands of the Philippines (Luzon,
Visayas and Mindanao).

The flag was sewn by Agoncillo with her daughter Lorenza, and Doña Delfina Herbosa de Natividad, Jose Rizal's niece.

6. Who was the last general of the Filipino-American revolution to surrender to the Americans?

The correct answer was Simeon Ola

He surrendered through Colonel Bandholtz in Guinobatan, Albay Province on September 25, 1903 and then took the
oath of allegiance to the United States.

7. Which of the following former presidents died in a plane crash?

Your Answer: Ramon Magsaysay

On March 16, 1957, he, together with some friends and newspapermen went to Cebu on a speaking engagement. At a
little past midnight, March 17, he boarded on the plane 'Mt. Pinatubo' for Manila. The plane unfortunately crashed into
a mountain in Cebu. He and his companions were killed, except for Néstor Mata, a newspaperman.

8. Who named the country 'Islas de San Lazaro'?

The correct answer was Ferdinand Magellan

It was Easter Sunday then, March 31, 1521, the feast day of St. Lazarus.

9. What was the name of Diego Silang's wife, who continued the revolt against the Spaniards in the Ilocos region after
Diego's death?

Your Answer: Gabriela

Gabriela Silang - her full name was María Josefa Gabriela Cariño Silang. She was the first Filipino woman to lead a revolt
against the Spaniards. She led the group for four months after her husband's death before she was captured and
executed in Vigan, Ilocos Sur on September 20, 1763.
10. Who was the hero of the Battle at Tirad Pass?

Your Answer: Gregorio del Pilar

The Battle of Tirad Pass, sometimes referred to as the "Philippine Thermopylae", was a battle in the Philippine-American
War fought on December 2, 1899 in Tirad Pass,a narrow trail leading to Cervantes, a town in Ilocos Sur. The 60-man
Filipino contingent was commanded by Brigadier General Gregorio del Pilar but they were later defeated by the
American soldiers under Major Peyton C. March. Del Pilar was "one of the youngest generals in the Philippine
Revolutionary Forces during the Philippine Revolution and the Philippine-American War." Of the 60 Filipinos, 52,
including Del Pilar, were either killed or wounded.

1. What was the first book published in the Philippines?

The correct answer was Doctrina Christiana

This book was published during the Spanish period and contains prayers and some religious acts and beliefs that all
Catholics should follow.

2. Who fought the Spanish government because the government did not give a formal funeral ceremony for his brother?

Your Answer: Francisco Dagohoy

The ceremony was denied by the frailes (Spanish priest) because the brother of Dagohoy was accused of being an enemy
of the Church.

3. During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines, a Filipino president was appointed by the Japanese. Who was he?

Your Answer: Jose P. Laurel Sr.

It was run by the Japanese and was of course a puppet government.

4. What term was used for those women who were used by Japanese soldiers to gratify their lust?

The correct answer was comfort women

"Comfort Women" was derived from the word 'comfort room' where Japanese soldiers satisfied their lust.

5. Which of these was a US president during the 'American Era' in the Philippines?

Your Answer: Franklin Roosevelt

It was Roosevelt who granted the Philippines a "Commonwealth Government".

6. On 1901, an institution was established by the Americans for aspiring educators. What is the present name of this
institution?

The correct answer was Philippine Normal University

This institution was first named "Philippine Normal School" and then "Philippine Normal College". An act signed by
former President Aquino granted the school's university status.

7. From which language is the Filipino vernacular largely derived?

Your Answer: Tagalog

8. When did the original Edsa (People's Power) Revolution begin?

Your Answer: February 22, 1986

This massive action by the Filipinos was made through the effort of Fidel V. Ramos and Juan Ponce Enrile (they are both
secretaries on Marcos cabinet) and were backed by Cardinal Sin. The Edsa Revolution overthrew President Ferdinand
Marcos.

9. What place in the Philippines is also known as the "walled city"?

The correct answer was Intramuros

It was built by the Spaniards and only whites (and certain others classed as whites), were allowed to live there in Spanish
colonial times. It was completely destroyed during the World War II but has been rebuilt and is considered one of the
famous tourist attractions in the Philippines.

10. What act is also known as the "Martial Law" act?

The correct answer was Proclamation 1081

This dictatorial proclamation made in September 1972 sparked off a revolution and chaos. It gave the President the wide
ranging powers including the right to nominate his successor

Malacañang Palace in Manila is the official residence of the president.[note 1] Built in 1750, it has become a prominent
symbol of and metonym for the office.

Under the Constitution of the Philippines, the president of the Philippines (Filipino: Pangulo ng Pilipinas) is both the head
of state and government, and serves as the commander-in-chief of the country's armed forces.[4][5] The president is
directly elected by qualified voters to a six-year term and must be "a natural-born citizen of the Philippines, a registered
voter, able to read and write, at least forty years of age on the day of the election, and a resident of the Philippines for
at least ten years immediately preceding such election". Any person who has served as president for more than six years
is barred from eligibility. Upon resignation, or removal from office, the vice president assumes the post.[6]

History

Emilio Aguinaldo became the inaugural president of the Philippines under the Malolos Republic, considered the First
Philippine Republic.[7][note 2] He held that office until 1901 when he was captured by United States forces during the
Philippine–American War (1899–1902).[4] The American colonization of the Philippines abolished the First Republic,[12]
which led to an American governor-general exercising executive power.[19]

In 1935, the United States, pursuant to its promise of full Philippine sovereignty,[20] established the Commonwealth of
the Philippines following the ratification of the 1935 Constitution, which also restored the presidency. The first national
presidential election was held,[note 3] and Manuel L. Quezon (1935–44) was elected to a six-year term, with no
provision for re-election,[5] as the second Philippine president and the first Commonwealth president.[note 2] In 1940,
however, the Constitution was amended to allow re-election but shortened the term to four years.[4] A change in
government occurred three years later when the Second Philippine Republic was organized with the enactment of the
1943 Constitution, which Japan imposed after it occupied the Philippines in 1942 during World War II.[23] José P. Laurel
acted as puppet president of the new Japanese-sponsored government;[24] his de facto presidency,[25] not legally
recognized until the 1960s,[11] overlapped with that of the president of the Commonwealth, which went into exile. The
Second Republic was dissolved after Japan surrendered to the Allies in 1945; the Commonwealth was restored in the
Philippines in the same year with Sergio Osmeña (1944–46) as president.[4]
Manuel Roxas (1946–1948) followed Osmeña when he won the first post-war election in 1946. He became the first
president of the independent Philippines when the Commonwealth ended on July 4 of that year. The Third Republic was
ushered in and would cover the administrations of the next five presidents, the last of which was Ferdinand Marcos
(1965–86),[4] who performed a self-coup by imposing martial law in 1972.[26] The dictatorship of Marcos saw the birth
of the New Society (Filipino: Bagong Lipunan) and the Fourth Republic. His tenure lasted until 1986 when he was
deposed in the People Power Revolution. The current constitution came into effect in 1987, marking the beginning of
the Fifth Republic.[4]

Of the individuals elected as president, three died in office: two of natural causes (Manuel L. Quezon[27] and Manuel
Roxas[28]) and one in a plane crash (Ramon Magsaysay, 1953–57[29]). The longest-serving president is Ferdinand
Marcos with 20 years and 57 days in office; he is the only president to have served more than two terms. The shortest is
Sergio Osmeña, who spent 1 year and 300 days in office.

Two women have held the office: Corazon Aquino (1986–92), who ascended to the presidency upon the successful
People Power Revolution of 1986, and Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (2001–10), who, as vice president, ascended to the
presidency upon Estrada's resignation and was elected to a full six-year term in 2004.

. The First Republic of the Philippines was established during a war. Which one?

The correct answer was Philippine-American War

Emilio Aguinaldo, the very first Philippine President, ruled from 1898 to 1901 in Malolos, Bulacan. The conflict between
the First Republic and the United States of America had started the "Philippine-American War" or also called "Philippine
Insurrection". This war had lasted for three years (1899-1902).

2. Who won the first Philippine National Presidential Election?

Your Answer: Manuel Luis Quezon

The first Philippine President of the Commonwealth and the "Father of the Philippine language", Manuel L. Quezon
(1935-1944) was recognized by the US after the Philippines gained self-government in 1916. He won the elections in
1935 against First Republic President Emilio Aguinaldo and Bishop Gregorio Aglipay.

3. During the World War II, the "Puppet Government" (Second Republic) was set up in the Philippines during Japan's
occupation of the country. The name of the lawyer-politician appointed by the Japanese was Sergio Osmeña.

Your Answer: False

1941-1945: World War II affected not only the Philippines but also the Allied and Axis Powers around the world. Sergio
Osmeña was the First Vice President of the Philippines (1935-1944) before he became the successor to Manuel L.
Quezon, who died of tuberculosis in New York.

Jose P. Laurel's presidency had put him in danger because of his collaboration with the Japanese. He was selected by the
National Assembly to serve as the 3rd President of the Philippines, but he was nearly shot.
4. Manuel Roxas became the last Commonwealth President before the Philippines gained independence from United
States.

The correct answer was True

The successor to Sergio Osmeña as the third and last Commonwealth President, Manuel Roxas served the
Commonwealth for only 37 days (28th of May - 4th of July 1946). He became the President of the Third Republic of the
Philippines on July 4, 1946 until his death in 1948.

5. This late lawyer-politician from Ilocos had served two Republics, and the longest seated President of the Philippines.
His name was _____________________.

Your Answer: FERDINAND MARCOS

He served 21 years as the President until "People Power Revolution" in February 1986. He was the 6th President of the
Third Republic (1969-1973), First Prime Minister/New Society President (1978-1981), and also the First President of the
4th Republic (1981-1986) of the Philippines.

6. This former Senator, Benigno "Ninoy" Aquino was shot at Manila International Airport after seven years in exile.
When did this assassination happened?

Your Answer: 21st of August 1983

The late Senator Benigno "Ninoy" Aquino's death had shocked the whole Philippines because of the assasination in
Manila Internation Airport. Almost 2 million people came to express their condolences to his family. The 21st of August
is now a national holiday in the Philippines.

7. 1986: Three years after Benigno "Ninoy" Aquino's death, the battle cries of the nation had changed. The Filipinos
protested in the streets using prayers and flowers, instead of knives and guns. What was the name of this revolution?

The correct answer was EDSA

Other accepted answers: EDSA Revolution People Power Revolution EDSA 1 People Power

Despite Marcos winning against Ninoy's widow, Corazon Aquino, some of his supporters said that the results of the
February 7 snap election were unreliable because of malpractice.

Two of the officials, former President Fidel Ramos (Vice Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces) and Senator Juan Ponce
Enrile (Minister of Defense), had supported Ninoy's widow as the victorious president. The late Manila Archbishop Jaime
Cardinal Sin, had also supported these officials and called the nation to support the movement for change, via Radio
Veritas.

8. Two significant events happened on this day in Philippine history:

1. The revolution ended when the former president and his family fled to the United States.

2. Corazon Aquino and Salvador Laurel were sworn in as President and Vice-President, respectively.

Which day was it?

The correct answer was 25th February 1986

On the morning of February 25, 1986, Corazon Aquino and Salvador Laurel took their oaths as President and Vice-
President on the same day in the Club Filipino, San Juan in the presence of Supreme Court Associate Justice Claudio
Teehankee. President Marcos fled to the US on the same day and stayed in exile until his death in 1989.
9. Former film actor-politician Joseph "Erap" Estrada was also ousted by the following revolt of People Power, called
EDSA 2 in 2001. He faced the impeachment trial for which of these violations?

The correct answer was All of these are true

Former President Joseph Estrada, was the first President to face and to lose from the impeachment trial on-air

2000: Some of the senators were accusing the President for receiving millions of Pesos from the operations of "jueteng".
This expose had widespread to open the impeachment trial against President Estrada.

January 2001: Most of the senators voted "NO" for opening the confidential documents for the "Jose Velarde" account.
People, including the People Power 1 advocates, went to EDSA (abbreviation for "Epipanio de los Santos") Shrine to
protest against President Estrada that lasted for 4 days.

10. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, the President after the 2001 People Power Revolution, had also faced controversies
regarding her administration status. One of these was in regard to the elections in May 2004.

The correct answer was Hello Garci Scandal

Mrs. Arroyo and former Commission on Elections Chairman Virgilio "Garci" Garcillano were both involved in "Hello
Garci" Scandal because of the wiretapped conversation between them. There were some attempts to impeach the
President many times from 2005, but they failed.

The Hispanic Period had started in the Philippines in 1500s. Who was the first Governor of the Philippines?

Your Answer: Miguel Lopez de Legazpi

In 1572, Miguel Lopez de Legazpi became the first Governor of the Philippines and established a government together
with Augustinian and Dominican friars.

2. For how many years did Spanish rule last in the Philippines?

The correct answer was 333

Other accepted answers: 333 years for 333 years

The Spaniards occupied the Philippines from 1565 to 1898, exactly 333 years. Spanish rule ended after the signing of the
Treaty of Paris in 1898, which withdrew Spain from the Philippines, Guam, Cuba and Puerto Rico.

3. Raja Lakandula and Raja Sulayman revolted against Governor Guido de Lavezaris, because of the abuses by the
Spaniards. What is the revolt called?

The correct answer was Manila Revolt

The successor to Miguel Lopez de Legaspi, Governor-General Guido Lavezaris, had sequestered all the properties of the
Rajahs. The revolt failed because of the loyalty of the Spanish and Filipino troops to the Governor-General.

4. Which one of these Philippine revolts during the Hispanic period lasted longest?

The correct answer was Dagohoy Revolt

The Dagohoy Revolt of 1744-1829 was the longest in the history of the Philippines. Francisco Dagohoy was mourning for
his dead brother, when a Spanish priest refused to give the latter a Christian burial. He called his supporters all over
Bohol to fight against the injustice. Twenty Governor-Generals tried to stop the Boholanos (resident of Bohol) from
rebelling but they failed. Unfortunately, Dagohoy died in 1827 (cause of death unknown) and the revolt had ended as
Dagohoy's supporters making their last stand. Victory went to the Spaniards, under Governor General Mariano Ricafort.
Other details (by revolt and years): Palaris Revolt - 3 years, Parang and Upay revolt - 13 years, Camerino revolt - 4 years.

5. In 1762-1763 the most popular revolt took place in Ilocos. Diego and Gabriela Silang had defended Ilocos from the
Spanish authorities. Identify the relationship of the Silangs.

The correct answer was husband and wife

The Silang revolt took place during the British invasion of the Philippines. In 1763, the revolutionary leader Diego Silang
was killed by his friend, Miguel Vicos; and his wife Gabriela Silang (the "Joan of Arc" of Ilocos) continued the revolt for
her husband's death. The Ilocanos were defeated and Gabriela was executed by the Spaniards, ending the Silang Revolt.

6. The Religious Revolt of Hermano Pule took seventeen months to quell. The root of this revolt came from this kind of
order The One, this author described was a ___________________________.

The correct answer was Religious Order

Apolinario "Hermano Pule" de la Cruz had started his own religious order named "Confradia de San José" (Spanish for
"Confraternity of Saint Joseph") which was banned by the Spanish authorities. In June 1840, Hermano Pule and his
supporters fought against the Spaniards, but they still failed. The Pule Revolt ended with the execution of de la Cruz in
4th of November, 1841.

Updated 26th June, 2009: miss april changed the FITB to MC, to avoid further confusion to each quiz players. To the one
who PM'd me, thanks for the correction (I forgot your name, sorry being busy for almost everyday - no time to get into
the FunTrivia!)

7. Which of these priests was executed by Governor-General Rafael de Izuquierdo in 1872?

The correct answer was all of them were executed

Governor General Rafael de Izquierdo had the three priests, Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora (also
known as "Gomburza") garotted at Cavite in February 17, 1872.

Additional info: Jose Rizal's "El Filibusterismo" ("The Reign of Greed") was dedicated to these priests in 1891, almost two
decades after the execution.

8. Dr. Jose Protacio Rizal is Philippines' national hero because of his large contribution to independence during the 19th
century. What was his main weapon against the Spaniards?

The correct answer was Pen

The proverb "the pen is mightier than the sword" was used with reference to novelists like him. His many literary works
include the novels "Noli Me Tangere" ("Touch Me Not"), "El Filibusterismo" ("The Reign of Greed"), and the poem "Mi
Ultimo Adios" ("Farewell, Beloved Country").

9. Jose Rizal and other Illustrados (Spanish for Filipino intellectuals) had established this group of propaganda writers.
The name of this progressive society newspaper against Spain was _______________.

The correct answer was La Solidaridad

Other accepted answers: The Solidarity Solidaridad Solidarity

La Solidaridad ("The Solidarity") was created in Barcelona, Spain on 13th December, 1888. These Illustrados used the
pen to express their freedom of speech against the corrupt Spanish rulers.

Some of the Propaganda writers were Dr. Jose Rizal, Marcelo Del Pilar, Antonio Luna, Jose Ma. Panganiban, among
others.
10. July 1892: La Liga Filipina (Spanish for "The Philippine League") was established by Dr. Jose Rizal in Tondo, Manila.

The correct answer was true

La Liga Filipina (The Philippine League) was created to establish a civil organization for peace and unity. It became
inactive four days after Rizal was secretly arrested and exiled to Dapitan. Later, the organization was divided into two:
The Katipunans ("Freedom", a group of revolutionary men) and the Cuerpo de Compromisarios ("Body of Delegates", a
group that supported La Solidaridad/The Solidarity).

11. Andres Bonifacio talked personally to Rizal during the later's exile in Dapitan.

The correct answer was No

Ex-La Liga Filipina (Spanish for "The Philippine League") member and Katipunan ("Freedom" in FIlipino) founder, Andres
Bonifacio, and his chancellors had decided to persuade Dr. Rizal to join the Katipunans. The Katipunan group sent Pio
Valenzuela, Dr. Rizal's friend, for the group's appeal but Rizal refused to engage in violence.

12. Filipinos remembered Dr. Jose Rizal as the patriot of the masses. He was executed by the Spanish authorities in
Luneta (Bagumbayan by then), Manila in December 30, 1896. Which of these capital punishments was used to execute
him?

The correct answer was Shooting

During the Spanish period, the garotte and shooting were the most common methods of execution in the Philippines. In
Dr. Rizal's case, he was shot by the firing squad on the morning of 30th December, 1896 for treason (against Spain).

13. The massive raid in the printing press of "Diario de Manila" (Spanish for "The Newspaper of Manila") had alarmed
the Katipunan members due to the arrest of their several comrades. After the second general meeting, these men
decided to tear up this important document. Which of these was it?

The correct answer was residence certificates

The cause of "Cry of Pugadlawin" (The word "cry" here means a rallying call or signal and "Pugadlawin" means hawk's
nest in Filipino): The Katipunan existence was revealed by Teodoro Patiño to his sister and later told to a priest about the
organization. The Spanish authorities had arrested and executed several Katipunan members after the raid on the
printing press.

As the sign of commitment to the Katipunans, Bonifacio and the large group of Katipuneros tore up a "cedula" (Spanish
for residence certificate) in Pugadlawin, Balintawak. The Katipunans dominated the first battle in Calookan with the
small victory but they retreated in Mandaluyong, then in Balara after the Spanish reinforcements had defeated the
forces of the revolutionaries.

14. The Tejeros Convention happened in which Philippine province?

The correct answer was Cavite

Bonifacio was in negotiations aimed at uniting the Katipuan factions in Tejeros, Cavite. He was invited by Magdalo to
settle the governorship of the country, but Magdalo settled for revolutionary government and Magdiwang ("Celebrate"
in Filipino) agreed to retain Katipunan.

15. The Spanish-American War brought an end to Spanish rule. In May 1898, the Americans, under Commodore George
Dewey won "The Battle of ______ ______".

The correct answer was Manila Bay

"The Battle of Manila Bay" had lasted only few hours during 1st of May 1898. The USS Olympia and the fleet of ships
under U.S. Navy's Asiatic Squadron Commander, Commodore George Dewey had dominated the Manila Bay. The battle
lasted only a few hours till the Spanish fleet under Admiral Patricio Montojo was defeated.

The Americans also helped the Filipinos to free the rest of the country. Emilio Aguinaldo came back from exile in Hong
Kong and declared independence in Cavite on 12th June 1898.