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The Evolution of EU Law
The Evolution of EU Law
Third Edition
Edited by
PAU L C R A IG A N D G R Á I N N E D E BÚ R C A
1
3
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United Kingdom
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It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship,
and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of
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First Edition published in 1999
Second Edition published in 2011
Third Edition published in 2021
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and the Queen’s Printer for Scotland
Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press
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Table of Contents
Table of cases  xi
Table of Treaties and Conventions  lxvii
Table of European Legislative Instruments  lxxv
Table of National Legislation  lxxxv
List of Contributors  lxxxvii
Note to the Reader  lxxxix
1. Introduction 1
Paul Craig and Gráinne de Búrca
2. Integration, Democracy, and Legitimacy 12
Paul Craig
A. Neofunctionalism, the Legitimacy of Outcomes, and the Limits of Democracy 12
B. Liberal Intergovernmentalism, Collective Action, and the Logic of Public
Choice 15
C. Multi-Level Governance, New Institutionalism, and the Complexity of
Decision-Making 19
D. Rational Choice Institutionalism, Constructivism, New
Intergovernmentalism, and the Contested Domain 24
E. Integration, Differentiated Integration, and the European Union 27
F. Democracy Deficit, Premise, and Argument 30
G. Evaluation, National and International Comparison 32
H. Evaluation, Prioritization, and Consequence 34
I. Conclusion 45
3. Institutions, Power, and Institutional Balance 46
Paul Craig
A. Rome to the Single European Act: Initial Disposition, Development, and Change 47
B. From the SEA to Nice: Clarification, Contestation, and Complexity 57
C. The Constitutional Treaty to the Lisbon Treaty: Legislative and Executive
Authority 70
D. Post-Lisbon: Crisis and Institutional Change 78
E. Conclusion 88
4. Legal and Constitutional Theory of the European Union 90
Neil Walker
A. An Under-Cultivated Field 90
B. Implications for Legal and Constitutional Theory 94
C. Constitutional Theory of the EU 95
D. The Wider Remit of Legal Theory 114
5. The Agencification Process and the Evolution of the EU
Administrative System 123
Edoardo Chiti
A. Introduction 123
vi Table of Contents
B. Before European Agencies: The Early Years of the EC and the Origins
of the EU Administrative System 125
C. A Development of Significant Proportions: The Agencification Process
and the ‘Take-Off ’ of the EU Administrative System 131
D. The Evolution of the Agency Model and the Consolidation of the EU
Administrative System 139
E. The Transformation of the EU Administrative System in the European
Crisis and the Rise of the ‘Independent Authority’ Model 146
6. Judicial Reform and the European Court: Not a Numbers Game 156
Kieran Bradley
A. Prologue 156
B. First Steps: From Paris to Rome 158
C. From Rome to Amsterdam 160
D. From Nice to Lisbon 166
E. Reform of the General Court 169
F. Reform of the Court of Justice 172
G. Preliminary Rulings: Is There a Problem? 173
H. Preliminary Rulings: Is There a Solution? 176
I. Epilogue 185
7. Direct Effect, Primacy, and the Nature of the Legal Order 187
Bruno de Witte
A. The Foundation Years 188
B. Evolution of the Direct Effect Doctrine 192
C. Evolution of the Primacy Doctrine 205
D. The Reception of the Doctrines at the National Level 211
E. Constitutional Reservations 216
F. The Role of Primacy and Direct Effect in the European Integration
Process 223
G. The Nature of the Legal Order 226
8. Preliminary Rulings and EU Legal Integration: Evolution and Continuity 228
Catherine Donnelly and Thomas de la Mare
A. Introduction 228
B. Diversification and Consolidation 230
C. The Valve Analogy 231
D. Perspectives on a Multi-Functioning Procedure 246
E. Consequences of the Current Scheme of Preliminary Rulings 257
F. Future Perspectives 262
9. The Vicissitudes of Life at the Coalface: Remedies and Procedures for
Enforcing Union Law before National Courts 275
Francesca Episcopo
A. Introduction 275
B. National Remedies and Procedures on Trial—I 276
C. Beyond and Besides the Core Narrative on National Remedies 284
D. National Remedies and Procedures on Trial—II 299
E. Conclusions 305
Table of Contents vii
10. The Rule of Law 307
Laurent Pech
A. Introduction 307
B. The Gradual Evolution of the Treaty Framework 309
C. The Swift and Radical Evolution of the EU’s Rule of Law Toolbox 318
D. Concluding Remarks 337
11. The Evolution of EU Administrative Law 339

Edoardo Chiti and Joana Mendes
A. Three Phases of a Non-Linear Story 339
B. First Phase: Rise and Consolidation 342
C. Second Phase: Increased Complexity, Maturation, and Reform 353
D. Third Phase: New and Old Challenges 363
12. From a Europe of Bits and Pieces to a Union of Variegated Differentiation 373
Deirdre Curtin
A. Introduction 373
B. Hybrid Diversity through the Decades 377
C. Judicial Uniformity 380
D. EMU and Defence: Beyond the Single Institutional Framework 384
E. The Art of Marbling 395
13. (BR)Exit from the European Union—Control, Autonomy, and the Evolution
of EU Law 399
Kenneth A Armstrong
A. Managing Membership—Control over Law 400
B. The Withdrawal Process—Article 50 TEU 411
C. After Membership 426
D. Conclusion 430
14. External Relations of the European Union: The Constitutional Framework

for International Action 431
Marise Cremona
A. Introduction 431
B. Internal Policies and External Powers 433
C. Exclusive, Shared, and Complementary Competence 453
D. The Emergence of an International Identity for the EU 466
15. The Evolution of EU Human Rights Law 480

Gráinne de Búrca
A. Introduction 480
B. Phase 1: Human Rights in the Drafting of the European Political
Community Treaty 1952–1953 481
C. Phase 2: From the Rome Treaty to the Maastricht Treaty: The Disappearance
of Human Rights from the EC Treaty Framework and their Return 486
D. Phase 3: From the Maastricht to the Lisbon Treaty: The Emergence of an
EU Constitutional Framework for Human Rights Protection 490
E. Comparing the EU’s Post-Lisbon Constitutional Framework for Human
Rights Protection with the 1950s Model 492
F. Conclusion 504
viii Table of Contents
16. Free Movement of Persons and Services 506
Síofra O’Leary and Sara Iglesias Sánchez
A. Introduction 506
B. EU Law on the Free Movement of Persons and Services: Objectives 509
C. Legislative Transformation 512
D. Delimiting the Parameters of the Free Movement of Persons and Services 531
E. Reassessing the Place and Scope of the Provisions on the Free Movement
of Persons 538
F. Conclusions 545
17. Free Movement of Goods: Evolution and Intelligent Design in the

Foundations of the European Union 546
Stefan Enchelmaier
A. Introduction 546
B. In the Beginning, There Was (Only) the Treaty 547
C. The Evolution of the Concept of Discrimination 550
D. Restrictions beyond Discrimination: The ‘Area without Internal Frontiers’
Comes into Its Own 561
E. After Keck, a New Blind Alley: The Court Isolates ‘Market Access’ 573
F. ‘The Big Picture’ 576
G. Conclusion 577
18. Free Movement of Capital: Evolution as a Non-Linear Process 579

Jukka Snell
A. Development of Free Movement of Capital 580
B. The Notion of Restriction 588
C. The External Dimension 597
D. Conclusion 605
19. Citizenship: Contrasting Dynamics at the Interface of Integration and

Constitutionalism 608
Jo Shaw
A. Introduction 608
B. The European Union and Conceptions of Citizenship 611
C. Citizenship and the ‘Old’ Constitutionalism of the European Union 618
D. Citizenship: Lost in Transition from ‘Old’ to ‘New’ Constitutionalism 630
E. What Future(s) for Citizenship in the European Union? 640
F. Conclusions 649
20. EU Anti-Discrimination Law: Navigating Sameness and Difference 651

Mark Bell
A. Introduction 651
B. Where it all Began: Nationality and Sex Discrimination 653
C. The Next Generation: Going beyond Gender 660
D. Constitutionalizing Anti-Discrimination Law 666
E. Future Horizons 673
21. EU ‘Social’ Policy from Employment Law to Labour Market Reform 678
Catherine Barnard
A. Introduction 678
B. The Traditional Story of the Development of EU Social Policy 679
Table of Contents ix
C. The Role of the Court of Justice 697
D. The Battle for the Soul of Social Policy 708
E. A Renaissance of EU Social Policy 719
F. Conclusions 720
22. Economic and Monetary Union: Evolution and Conflict 721

Alicia Hinarejos
A. History and Fundamental Principles 721
B. Post-Crisis Developments 725
C. The Ongoing Questions 744
D. Conclusion 748
23. EU Criminal Law and Police Cooperation 752

Steve Peers
A. Introduction 752
B. Institutional Evolution 752
C. Policy Evolution 758
D. Role of the Court of Justice 764
E. Conclusions 769
24. Civil Justice Extending its Tentacles 770

Eva Storskrubb
A. Introduction 770
B. External Influences and Procedural Trends 771
C. The Strands of EU Civil Justice Evolution 773
D. Current Issues and Challenges 785
25. The Evolution of EU Law on Refugees and Asylum 793

Evangelia (Lilian) Tsourdi and Cathryn Costello
A. Foundational Tensions and Crisis Generation 794
B. The CEAS Unveiled 800
C. Current Trends and Potential for Fundamental Reform 818
D. Conclusions 822
26. Competition Law: Convergence through Law and Networks 824

Imelda Maher
A. Evolution 825
B. Competition Law and Policy 828
C. Reform 830
D. Competition: No Longer a Law Apart 832
E. Modernization 834
F. Conclusion 846
27. EU Environmental Law and Legal Imagination 847

Elizabeth Fisher
A. EU Environmental Law: An Overview 848
B. Legal Imagination 850
C. Market Building 854
D. Implementing Environmental Law 858
E. Governance 866
F. Conclusion 872
x Table of Contents
28. Consumer Policy 874
Stephen Weatherill
A. Introduction 874
B. Market Integration and Consumer Policy 875
C. The ‘Consumer’ before the Court 876
D. Legislative Competence 880
E. Harmonization Policy 882
F. Directives in the Area of Consumer Protection 885
G. Is this Really Consumer Policy? 894
H. The Commission’s Review of Contract Law 896
I. Conclusion 900
29. The Evolution of European Data Law 902

Thomas Streinz
A. The Europeanization of Data Protection Law 904
B. European Data Law beyond Data Protection Law 914
C. The Globalization of European Data Law 923
D. The Future of European Data Law 933
Index 937
Table of Cases
COMMISSION DECISIONS
Facebook/WhatsApp, Case COMP/M.7217, C(2014)7239 final ��922
Facebook/WhatsApp, Case COMP/M.8228, C(2017)3192 final ��922
Google and Alphabet, Decision C(2017) 4444 final, 27 June 2017��833
Google Android, Case AT.40099, 18 July 2018��830
Publicis/Omnicon, Case COMP/M.7023, [2014] OJ C84/112��922
Telefonica/Vodafone/EE, Case COMP/M.6314, [2012] OJ C66/122��922
TomTom/TeleAtlas, Case COMP/M.4854, [2008] OJ C237/53 ��922
EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS

Avotiņš v Latvia [GC], Application No 17502/07, 23 May 2016��497
Bosphorus Hava Yollari Turizm Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi v Ireland, Application
No 45036/98, (2006) 42 EHRR 1 ��246, 497
Demir and Baykara v Turkey, Application No 34503/97, 12 November 2008��705
Dhahbi v Italy, Application No 17120/09, 8 July 2014 ��244
Enerji Yapi-Yol, Application No 68959/01��705
Matthews v UK, Application No 24833/94 [1999] 28 EHHR 361��634, 635
Michaud v France, Application No 12323/11��497
MSS v Belgium and Greece, Application No 30696, 21 January 2011 �� 806, 812, 815, 911
NT & ND v Spain [GC], Application Nos 8675/15 and 8697/15, 13 February 2020��823
O Sullivan McCarthy Mussel Development v Ireland, Application No 44460/16 ��497
Pafitis v Greece (1999) 27 EHRR 566��246
Pirozzi v Belgium, Application No 21055/11 ��497
Schipani v Italy Application No 38369/09, 21 July 2015��244
Syndicat national de la police belge v Belgium , Application No 4464/70, (1975) ��703
Tarakhel v Switzerland, Application No 29217/12, 4 November 2014��816
Ullens de Schooten v Belgium, Application No 3989/07, 20 September 2011 ��245
Wilson, National Union of Journalists and Others v United Kingdom Application
Nos 30668/96, 30671/96 and 30678/96, EHHR 2002-V, 44��703
COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN

UNION – COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE
Alphabetical
Atlanta and Others v European Community (T-521/93) EU:T:1996:184��362
Bertelli Gálvez v Commission (T-337/03) EU:T:2004:106 ��329
Carvalho and Others v Parliament and Council (T-330/18) EU:T:2019:324 �� 254–5, 871
Danzer and Danzer v Council (T-47/02) [2006] ECR II-1779 ��243
DIR International Film Srl and others v Commission of the European Communities
(T-369/94 and T-85/95) EU:T:1998:39 ��140
DSTV v Commission (T-69/99) [2000] ECR II-4039 ��585
Easyjet v Commission (T-355/13) EU:T:2015:36��843
Eleanor Sharpston v Council of the European Union and Conference of the Representatives
of the Governments of the Member States (T-180/20) (order of 6 October 2020)
EU:T:2020:473 ��186
Eleanor Sharpston v Court of Justice of the European Union (T-184/20) (order of 6 October
2020) EU:T:2020:474��186
xii Table of Cases
Eleanor Sharpston v Council of the European Union and Conference of the Representatives
of the Governments of the Member States (T-550/20) (order of 6 October 2020)
EU:T:2020:475 ��186
European Federation of Public Service Unions (EPSU) and Jan Willem Goudriaan v
European Commission EU:T:2019:757��690
FIAMM v Council and Commission (T-69/00) [2005] ECR II-5393��463
France Télécom v Commission (T-339/04) [2007] ECR II-521 ��842, 843
Front populaire pour la libération de la saguia-el-hamra et du rio de oro
(Front Polisario) v Council (T-512/12) EU:T:2015:953��477, 478
Google and Alphabet v Commission (T-612/17) (information not available)��833
Health Food Manufacturers’ Association and Others v Commission (T-296/12)
EU:T:2015:375 ��362
Ireland v Commission (T-778/16) EU:T:2018:1019��833
Jégo-Quéré (T-177/01) [2002] ECR II-2365��254, 255
Kadi v Council and Commission (T-315/01) [2005] ECR II-03533��469
La Quadrature du Net v Commission (T-738/16) [2017] OJ C6/39��254
Loreto Sumner v Commission (T-152/17) EU:T:2018:875��371
Microsoft v Commission (T‑167/08) ECLI:EU:T:2012:323 ��833
Microsoft v Commission (T‑201/04) [2007] ECR II‑3601 ��833
MLPS v Commission (T-304/18) EU:T:2019:34��329
NF, NG and NM v European Council (T‑192/16, T-193/16, and T-257/16) EU:T:2017:129��815
Opel Austria GmbH v Council (T-115/94) [1997] ECR II-0039�� 447, 448, 451
Orange v European Commission (T-402/13) EU:T:2014:991��843
Petrov v Parliament (T-452/15) EU:T:2017:822��653
Rothmans v Commission (T-188/97) [1999] ECR II-2463��66
Shindler and Others v Council of the European Union (T-458/17 EU:T:2018:838) ��420
Sogelma v European Agency for Reconstruction (AER) (T-411/06) EU:T:2008:419 ��142
Stichting Woonlinie v European Commission (T-202/10 and T-203/10) EU:C:2014:105 ��255
Trajektna luka Split dd v Commission (T-70/15) EU:T:2016:592��843
UEAPME v Council (T-135/96) [1998] ECR II-2335 ��691
Vodafone España SA v Commission (T-109/06) [2007] ECR II-5151��233
von Storch and Others v ECB (T-492/12) EU:T:2013:702��732
Yusuf and Al Barakaat International Foundation (T-306/01)��469
Numerical
T-115/94 Opel Austria GmbH v Council [1997] ECR II-0039�� 447, 448, 451
T-369/94 and T-85/95 DIR International Film Srl and others v Commission of the
European Communities EU:T:1998:39��140
T-521/93 Atlanta and Others v European Community EU:T:1996:184��362
T-135/96 UEAPME v Council [1998] ECR II-2335��691
T-188/97 Rothmans v Commission [1999] ECR II-2463 ��66
T-69/99 DSTV v Commission [2000] ECR II-4039��585
T-69/00 FIAMM v Council and Commission [2005] ECR II-5393��463
T-177/01 Jégo-Quéré [2002] ECR II-2365��254, 255
T-306/01 Yusuf and Al Barakaat International Foundation ��469
T-315/01 Kadi v Council and Commission [2005] ECR II-03533��469
T-47/02 Danzer and Danzer v Council [2006] ECR II-1779��243
T-337/03 Bertelli Gálvez v Commission EU:T:2004:106��329
T‑201/04 Microsoft v Commission [2007] ECR II‑3601��833
T-339/04 France Télécom v Commission [2007] ECR II-521��842, 843
T-109/06 Vodafone España SA v Commission [2007] ECR II-5151 ��233
T-411/06 Sogelma v European Agency for Reconstruction (AER) EU:T:2008:419��142
T‑167/08 Microsoft v Commission ECLI:EU:T:2012:323��833
T-202/10 and T-203/10 Stichting Woonlinie v European Commission EU:C:2014:105��255
T-296/12 Health Food Manufacturers’ Association and Others v Commission EU:T:2015:375��362
T-492/12 von Storch and Others v ECB EU:T:2013:702 ��732
Table of Cases xiii
T-512/12 Front populaire pour la libération de la saguia-el-hamra et du rio de oro
(Front Polisario) v Council EU:T:2015:953��477, 478
T-355/13 Easyjet v Commission EU:T:2015:36 ��843
T-402/13 Orange v European Commission EU:T:2014:991��843
T-70/15 Trajektna luka Split dd v Commission EU:T:2016:592��843
T-452/15 Petrov v Parliament EU:T:2017:822��653
T‑192/16, T-193/16, and T-257/16 NF, NG and NM v European Council EU:T:2017:129��815
T-738/16 La Quadrature du Net v Commission [2017] OJ C6/39 ��254
T-778/16 Ireland v Commission EU:T:2018:1019 ��833
T-152/17 Loreto Sumner v Commission EU:T:2018:875 ��371
T-458/17 Shindler and Others v Council of the European Union EU:T:2018:838��420
T-612/17 Google and Alphabet v Commission (information not available)��833
T-304/18 MLPS v Commission EU:T:2019:34��329
T-310/18 European Federation of Public Service Unions (EPSU) and Jan Willem
Goudriaan v European Commission EU:T:2019:757 ��690
T-330/18 Carvalho and Others v Parliament and Council EU:T:2019:324�� 254–5, 871
T-180/20 Eleanor Sharpston v Council of the European Union and Conference of the
Representatives of the Governments of the Member States (order of 6 October
2020) EU:T:2020:473��186
T-184/20 Eleanor Sharpston v Court of Justice of the European Union (order of 6 October
2020) EU:T:2020:474��186
T-550/20 Eleanor Sharpston v Council of the European Union and Conference of the
Representatives of the Governments of the Member States (order of 6 October
2020) EU:T:2020:475��186
COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION – EUROPEAN

COURT OF JUSTICE
Alphabetical
A (C-112/13) EU:C:2014:2195��205
A (C-158/14) EU:C:2017:202��764
A and Others v Staatssecretaris van Veiligheid en Justitie (C-148-150/13) EU:C:2014:2406��816
Aannemersbedrijf P.K. Kraaijeveld BV and others v Gedeputeerde Staten
van Zuid-Holland (C-72/95) [1996] ECR I-5403�� 193, 289, 861, 863
A and Others (C-584/19) (Opinion of 16 July 2020) ��767
AB and Others (C-824/18) EU:C:2021:153��300
AB and Others (C-203/20) (pending)��764
Abanca Corporación Bancaria and Bankia (C-70/17 and C-179/19) EU:C:2019:250��301
Abatay and Others (C-317/01 and C-369/01) EU:C:2003:572��542
Aboubacar Diakité v Commissaire général aux réfugiés et aux apatrides (C-285/12)
EU:C:2014:39��817
Abraham v Région Wallonne (C-2/07) [2008] ECR I-1197��861
Abrahamsson and Anderson v Fogelqvist (C-407/98) [2000] ECR I-5539 ��659
Achbita, Centrum voor gelijkheid van kansen en voor racismebestrijding v
G4S Secure Solutions NV (C-157/15) EU:C:2017:203 �� 662–3
ACT Group Litigation (C-374/04) [2006] ECR I-11673��596
Adam v Administarion de l’enregistrement et des domains (C-267/99) [2001] ECR I-7467 ��235
Addiko Bank (C-407/18) ECLI:EU:C:2019:537��301
Advocaten voor de Wereld (C-303/05) [2007] ECR I-3633�� 234, 247, 757, 759
AGET Iraklis (C-201/15) EU:C:2016:972��511, 695
AGMCOS. MET (C-470/03) [2007] ECR I-2749��291
AGRO in 2001 (Directive 2014/42) (C-234/18) EU:C:2020:221 (pending) ��767
AH (C-377/18) EU:C:2019:670��767
Air Transport Association of America (C-366/10) EU:C:2011:864�� 445, 451–2, 477
AK v Krajowa Rada Sądownictwa (C-585/18, C-624/18, and C 625/18)
EU:C:2019:982�� 174, 229, 253, 256, 324, 419
xiv Table of Cases
Åkerberg Fransson (617/10) EU:C:2013:105 �� 178, 293, 381
Åklagaren v Percy Mickelsson and Joakim Roos (C-142/05) [2009] ECR I-4273 ��547, 575
Akrich (C-109/01) [2003] ECR I-9607 ��542
AKT (C-533/13) EU:C:2015:173 ��195
Ålands Vindkraft AB v Energimyndigheten (C-573/12) EU:C:2014:2037��857
Alassini and Others (C-317/08 to C-320/08) EU:C:2010:146��303
Albany (C-67/96) [1999] ECR I-5751 ��699
Alemo-Herron and Others v Parkwood Leisure Ltd (C-426/11) EU:C:2013:521��705
Alheto (C-585/16) EU:C:2018:584��205
Allen and Hanburys v Generics (434/85) EU:C:1988:109��560
Alliance for Natural Health (C-154/04 and C-155/04) [2005] ECR I-6451�� 140, 882, 884
Allianz Hungária Biztosító Zrt (C-32/11) EU:C:2013:160 ��829
Alpenrind (C-527/16) EU:C:2018:669��530
Alpine Investments (C-384/93) [1995] ECR I-1141��69, 537, 596
Altun (C-359/16) EU:C:2018:63��530, 565
Amia (C-97/11) EU:C:2012:306��196
Amiraike Berllin GmbH (C-497/08) EU:C:2010:5��237
Amministrazione delle Finanze dello Stato v Simmenthal SpA (106/77) [1978] ECR 629,
[1978] 3 CMLR 263 �� 205, 252, 291–2
Amministrazione delle Finanze dello Stato v SPI SpA (267–269/81) [1983] ECR 801 ��233
AMS (C-166/12) EU:C:2014:2 ��301
Angonese v Cassa di Risparmio di Bolzano SpA (C-281/98) [2000] ECR I-4139��197
Antonissen (C-292/89) [1991] ECR I-745��532
Apothekerkammer des Saarlandes and others (C-171/07 and C-172/07) EU:C:2009:316��196
Aprile (C-228/96) [1998] ECR I-7141��283
A-Punkt Schmuckhandels GmbH v Claudia Schmidt (C-441/04) [2006] ECR I-2093��880
Aragonesa de Publicidad Exterior SA (C-1 and C-176/90) [1991] ECR I-4151�� 555, 562, 877
Aranyosi II (C-496/16) EU:C:2017:866��764
Aranyosi and Căldăraru (C-404 and 659/15 PPU) EU:C:2016:198��498, 764
Arblade (C-369/96) [1999] ECR I-8453��528
Arcelor (C-127/07) [2008] ECR I-9895��223
Arcor (C-152/07 to C-154/07) [2008] ECR I-5959��198
ARD (C-6/98) EU:C:1999:532 ��569
Ardic (C-571/17 PPU) EU:C:2017:1026��764
Argenta Spaarbank (C-39/16) EU:C:2017:813��565
Ariete (811/79) [1980] ECR 2545��279, 298
Armando Carvalho and Others v Parliament and Council of the European Union
(C-565/19 P) EU:C:2021:252 ��871
Árpád Kásler (C-26/13) EU:C:2014:282 ��301
Ascendi Beiras Litoral e Alta, Auto Estradas das Beiras Litoral e Alta SA v Autoridade
Tributária e Aduaneira (C-377/13) EU:C:2014:1754��237
Asjes (209–213/84) [1986] ECR 1457 ��837
Asociación Nacional de Expendedores de Tabaco y Timbre (ANETT) v
Administración del Estado (C-456/10) EU:C:2012:241 ��575
Asociación Nacional de Productores de Ganado Porcino (C-169/17) EU:C:2018:440��560
Asociación Profesional Elite Taxi (C-434/15) EU:C:2017:981��524
Associação Nacional de Operadores de Máquinas Recreativas (Anomar) and Others v
Estado português (C-6/01) [2003] ECR I-8621 ��235, 550
Associacao Sindical dos Juizes Portugueses v Tribunal de Contas (C-64/16)
EU:C:2018:117�� 300, 307, 332, 613, 694, 729
Association Belge des Consommateurs Test-Achats ASBL and Others v Conseil
des ministers (C-236/09) [2011] ECR I-773��669
Association de médiation sociale (AMS) (C-176/12) EU:C:2014:2��203, 694
Association France Nature Environnement v Premier ministre and Ministre de l’Écologie,
du Développement durable et de lʼÉnergie (C-379/15) (EU:C:2016:603��243
Association générale de l’industrie du médicament (AGIM) and Others
(C-471/07 and C-472/07) EU:C:2010:9: ��195
Table of Cases xv
Atlanta (C-465/93) [1995] ECR I-3761��297
Atlanta v European Community (C-104/97 P) EU:C:1999:498��362
ATRAL (C-14/02) EU:C:2003:265��554
Aubriet (C-410/18) EU:C:2019:582��540
Auer (136/78) [1979] ECR 437��517
Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato v Ente Tabacchi Italiani—ETI SpA
(C-280/06) [2007] ECR I-10893��235
AV (C-221/19) (pending) ��766
AY [Hernadi] (C-268/17) EU:C:2018:602��764
Ayaz (C-275/02) EU:C:2004:570 ��542
Azienda Agro-Zootecnica Franchini sarl v Regione Puglia (C-2/10) [2011] ECR I-6561��849
B v Land Baden-Württemberg; SSHD v Vomero (C-316/16 and C-424/16) EU:C:2018:256��627, 628

B and Vomero (C-316/16 and C-424/16) EU:C:2018:256��541
Baars (C-251/98) [2000] ECR I-2787��603, 604
Bacardi-Martini SAS and Cellier des Dauphins v Newcastle United Football Club
(C-318/00) [2003] ECR I-905��238
Bachmann (C-204/90) [1992] ECR I-249�� 583, 600, 602
Baczò and Vizsnyiczai (C-567/13) EU:C:2015:88��295
Badeck and others (C-158/97) [2000] ECR I-1875��659
Bahtiyar Fathi v Predsedatel na Darzhavna agentsia za bezhantsite (C-56/17) EU:C:2018:803��816
Bajratari (C-93/18) EU:C:2019:809��523
Balasz (C-60/12) EU:C:2012:733 ��767
Balogh (C-25/15) EU:C:2016:463��768
Banco de Santander (C-274/14) EU:C:2020:17��300
Banco Español (C-618/10) EU:C:2012:349��301
Banger (C-89/17) EU:C:2018:570��514
Banif Plus Bank (Case C-472/11) EU:C:2013:88 ��300, 301
Bank Refar Kargaran v Council (C-134/19 P) EU:C:2020:793��475
Banks v British Coal (C-128/92) [1994] ECR I-1209��194
Banque Internationale pour l’Afrique Occidentale v Finanzamt für Großunternehmen in
Hamburg (‘BIAO’) (C-306/99) [2002] ECR I-1 ��235
Barber v Guardian Royal Exchange Assurance Group (C-262/88) [1990] ECR I-1889��655, 697
Barkoci and Malik (C-257/99) [2001] ECR I-6557��447, 449
Bartsch v Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte Altersfürsorge GmbH (C-427/06)
[2008] ECR I-7245��667
Bauhuis (46/76) EU:C:1977:6,��553
Baumbast (C-413/99) [2002] ECR I-7091�� 197, 518, 522, 624
Bechtel (C‑20/16) EU:C:2017:488 ��549
Becker v Finanzamt Munster-Innenstadt (8/81) [1982] ECR 53��863
Beentjes v Minister van Landbouw en Visserij (31/87) [1988] ECR 4635��698
Belgium v European Commission (C-16/16 P) EU:C:2018:79��233
Belgium v European Commission (C-587/17 P) EU:C:2019:77��243
Berlusconi and Fininvest v Banca d’Italia and Istituto per la Vigilanza Sulle Assicurazioni
(IVASS) (C-219/17) EU:C:2018:1023 ��367, 743
Bernini (C-3/90) [1992] ECR I-1071��533
Beshkov (C-171/16) EU:C:2017:710 ��767
Betriu Montull v INSS (C-5/12) EU:C:2013:571��658
Bettray (344/87) [1988] ECR 1621��510, 533
Bevándorlási és Menekültügyi Hivatal (C-519/18) EU:C:2019:1070��543
Bianco (331, 376 and 378/85) [1988] ECR 1099��298
Bickel and Franz (C-274/96) [1998] ECR I-7637��513, 537
Bilka-Kaufhaus GmbH v Weber Von Hartz (170/84) [1986] ECR 1607 ��655
Biuro podróży ‘Partner’ (C-119/15) EU:C:2016:987��300
Blaise Baheten Metock and Others v Minister for Justice (C-127/08)
[2008] ECR I-624�� 258, 519, 542, 616, 626
Blaizot (24/86) [1988] ECR 379 ��536
xvi Table of Cases
BNP Paribas (C-183/18) EU:C:2020:153 (pending)��767
Bob- Dogi (C-241/15) EU:C:2016:385��764
Bobie (127/75) EU:C:1976:95��555
Bond van Adverteerders (352/85)[1988] ECR 2085��535
Bonn Fleisch Ex-und Import GmbH v Hauptzollamt Hamburg-Jonas (C-1/06)
EU:C:2007:396��356
Bonsignore (67/74) EU:C:1975:34��553
Bordessa (C-358/93) [1995] ECR I-361��589
Borelli (C-97/91) [1992] ECR I-6313��204
Bosman (C-413/95) [1995] ECR I-4921 ��506, 509
Bosphorus v Ministry of Transport, Energy and Communications (C-84/95)
[1996] ECR I-3953��478
Bougnaoui and Association de défense des droits de l’homme (ADDH) v Micropole SA
(C-188/15) EU:C:2017:204�� 662–3
Bourquain (C-297/07) [2008] ECR I-9425��757
Boxus and Others v Région wallonne (C-128–C-131 and C-134–C-135/09) EU:C:2011:667��244
Bozkurt (C-434/93) EU:C:1995:168��542
Bragança Linares Verruga, (C-238/15) EU:C:2016:949��540
Brasserie du Pêcheur v Germany and The Queen v Secretary of State for Transport,
ex p Factortame (C-46/93 and C-48/93) [1996] ECR I-1029 �� 204, 208, 228, 283, 291
Brey (C-140/12) EU:C:2013:565��520
Brinkmann (C-319/96) [1998] ECR I-5255 ��291
Brita (C-386/08) EU:C:2010:91 ��445
Brown v Secretary of State for Scotland (197/86) [1988] ECR 3205��519, 624
BRT v SABAM (127/73) [1974] ECR 51; [1974] 2 CMLR 238 ��837
Bruno Barra (309/85) [1988] ECR 355��283
Brusse v Jahani BV (C-488/11) EU:C:2013:341 ��232
Bucher v Landrat des Kreises Düren (C-12/06) [2007] ECR I-9161 ��537
Buet v Ministère Public (382/87) [1989] ECR 1235��879, 898
Bulicke v Deutsche Büro Service GmbH (C-246/09) [2010] OJ C234/13��295
Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland (C‑461/13) EU:C:2015:433��865
Bundesrepublic Deutschland v B and D (C-57 and 101/09) [2010] I-10979 ��816
Bundeswettbewerbsbehörde, Bundeskartellanwalt v Schenker & Co AG (C‑681/11)
EU:C:2013:404��843
Burmanjer and Others (C-20/03) EU:C:2005:307��524, 569
Burtscher v Stauderer (C-213/04) [2005] ECR I-10309��590
C and A v Staatssecretaris van Veiligheid en Justitie (C-257/17) EU:C:2018:876��235, 544

Cadbury Schweppes (C-196/04) [2006] ECR I-7995��600
Cadsky (63/74) EU:C:1975:33��576
Caixa d’Estalvis i Pensions de Barcelona v Generalidad de Cataluña (C-139/12) EU:C:2014:174��235
Calfa (C-348/96) [1999] ECR I-11��533
Cali Apartments and HX (C-724/18 and C-727/18) EU:C:2020:251 Opinion of AG Bobek ��525
Cali Apartments and HX (C-724/18 and C-727/18) EU:C:2020:743��525
Carbonati Apuani Srl v Comune di Carrara (C-72/03) [2004] ECR I-8027 ��235
Carlo Tedeschi v Denkavit Commerciale Srl (5/77) [1977] ECR 1555��52
Carmen Media (C-46/08) EU:C:2010:505��557
Carmine Salvatore Tralli v European Central Bank (C-301/02 P) EU:C:2005:306��140
Carp (C-80/06) [2007] ECR I-4473��198
Carpenter (C-60/00) [2002] ECR I-6279��537, 623
Cartesio (C-201/06) EU:C:2008:723 ��239
Casati (203/80) [1981] ECR 2595�� 580, 581, 582
Castelli (261/83) [1984] ECR 3199��513
Caves Krier Frères (C‑379/11) EU:C:2012:798��540
C. D. Robinson-Steele v R. D. Retail Services Ltd, Michael Jason Clarke v Frank Staddon
Ltd and J. C. Caulfield and Others v Hanson Clay Products Ltd (C-131/04 and
C-257/04) EU:C:2006:177��689
Table of Cases xvii
Centre public d’action sociale d’Ottignies-Louvain-La-Neuve (C-562/13) EU:C:2014:2453��498
Centro Servizi Spediporto (C‑96/94) EU:C:1995:308��563
Centros (C-212/97) [1999] ECR I-1459��600
Centrum voor gelijkheid van kansen en voor racismebestrijding v Firma Feryn NV
(C-54/07) [2008] I- 5187��654
Čepelnik (C-33/17) EU:C:2018:311 Opinion of AG Wahl ��527
Chacón Navas v Eurest Colectividades (C-13/05) [2006] ECR I-6467 ��672
Chakroun (C-578/08) EU:C:2010:117��453
Chavez-Vilchez and Others (C-133/15) EU:C:2017:354 ��622, 629
Chemial Farmaceutici (140/79) EU:C:1981:1��555
Chemische Afvalstoffen Dusseldorp BV v Minister van Volkshuisvesting, Ruimtelijke
Ordening en Milieubeheer (C-203/96) [1998] ECR I-4075��849
Chen v Secretary of State for the Home Department (C-200/02) [2004] ECR I-9925��616, 624
CHEZ Razpredelenie Bulgaria AD v Komisia za zashtita ot diskriminatsia (C-83/14)
EU:C:2015:170 Opnion of AG Kokott�� 662, 677, 697
CHEZ Razpredelenie Bulgaria AD v Komisia za zashtita ot diskriminatsia
(C-83/14) EU:C:2015:480�� 661, 662, 663, 664
Choquet (16/78) EU:C:1978:210 ��552
CIA Security International SA v Signalson SA and Securitel SPRL (C-194/94)
[1996] ECR I-02201��193, 198
CILFIT and Lanificio di Gavardo SpA v Ministry of Health (283/81)
[1982] ECR 3415�� 175, 184, 242, 256
Cimade, Groupe d’information et de soutien des immigrés (gisti) v Ministre de l’Intérieur,
de l’Outre-mer, des Collectivités territoriales et de l’Immigration (C-179/11)
EU:C:2012:594��817
Cinétèque v Fédération National des Cinémas Français (60 and 61/84) [1985] ECR 26��567
Citroën Belux NV (C-265/12) EU:C:2013:498��880
CK and Others v Republika Slovenija (C-578/16 PPU) EU:C:2017:127�� 498, 805, 816
Clean Car Autoservice (C-350/96)��289
Clean Car Autoservice GmbH v Stadt Wien (C-472/99) [2001] ECR I-9687��245
CMC Motorradcenter (C‑93/92) EU:C:1993:838��563
CMVRO (C-297/16) EU:C:2018:141��524
Cofidis SA v Jean-Louis Fredout (C-473/00) [2002] ECR I-10875��232, 283
Cogeco Communications (C 377/17) EU:C:2019:263��299
Coleman v Attridge Law and Steve Law (C-303/06) [2008] ECR I-5603�� 657, 676, 697
Collins (C-92/92) EU:C:1993:847 ��196
Collins v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions (C-138/02) [2004] ECR I-2703 ��519, 520
Columbus Container Services (C-298/05) [2007] ECR I-10451��596
Coman and Others (C-673/16) EU:C:2018:385�� 241, 514, 616, 626
Coman, Hamilton, Asociaţia Accept v Inspectoratul General pentru Imigrări, Ministerul
Afacerilor Interne (C-673/17) EU:C:2018:385��676
Comateb (C-192–218/95) [1997] ECR I-165 ��298
Comet BV v Produktschap voor Siergewassen (45/76) [1976] ECR 2043�� 276, 278–80, 286–90,
294, 571, 776
Commissaire général aux réfugiés et aux apatrides v Mostafa Lounani (C-573/14)
EU:C:2017:71��816
Commission v Austria (C-147/03) [2005] ECR I-5969��536, 537
Commission v Austria (C-614/10) EU:C:2012:631��913
Commission v Bavarian Lager (C-28/08 P) [2010] ECR I-6055 ��919
Commission v Belgium (C-478/98) [2000] ECR I-7587��583
Commission v Belgium (Walloon waste) (C-2/90) [1992] ECR I-4431��553, 857
Commission v Belgium (Wheelchairs) (C-38/03) EU:C:2005:13��554
Commission v Council (16/88) [1989] ECR 3457 ��51
Commission v Council (AETR/ERTA) (22/70) [1971] ECR 263�� 381, 431, 433, 454, 456, 472
Commission v Council (C-110/02) [2004] ECR I-6333 Opinion of AG Jacobs��585
Commission v Council (C-170/03) [2005] ECR I-7879 ��756
Commission v Council (C-209/97) [1999] ECR I-8067 ��882
xviii Table of Cases
Commission v Council (C-25/94) [1996] ECR I-1469��50, 464
Commission v Council (C-27/04) [2004] ECR I-6649��724
Commission v Council (C-114/12) EU:C:2014:2151��456, 458
Commission v Council (C-137/12) EU:C:2013:675�� 434, 442, 463
Commission v Council (C-28/12) EU:C:2015:282��462
Commission v Council (C-389/15) EU:C:2017:798��441
Commission v Council (C-626/15) EU:C:2018:925��460, 464
Commission v Council (1986 GSP) (45/86) [1987] ECR 149��443
Commission v Council (C-244/17) EU:C:2018:662�� 449, 458, 474
Commission v Council (CITES) (C-370/07) EU:C:2009:590��464
Commission v Council (Energy Star Agreement) (C-281/01) [2002] ECR I-12049��442, 443
Commission v Council (Environmental sanctions) (C-176/03) [2005] ECR I-7879��287, 761
Commission v France (Homeopathy) (C-212/03) EU:C:2005:313 ��563
Commission v Council (Ship-source pollution) (C-440/05) [2007] ECR I-9097�� 287, 756, 761
Commission v Denmark (Danish bottles) (302/86) [1988] ECR 4607 ��856
Commission v France (167/73) [1974] ECR 359 ��510
Commission v France (270/83) [1986] ECR 273 ��581
Commission v France (C-154/89) [1991] ECR I-659��875
Commission v France (C-512/08) [2009] OJ C44/29��528
Commission v France (C-416/17) EU:C:2018:811�� 229, 244, 247, 261, 262
Commission v France (Dark-/light-tobacco cigarettes) (C-302/00) EU:C:2002:123��554
Commission v France (Étang de Berre) (C-239/03) [2004] ECR I-9325��452, 461
Commission v France (Franking machines) (21/84) EU:C:1985:184 ��563
Commission v Germany (178/84) [1987] ECR 1227��875
Commission v Germany (205/84) [1986] ECR 3755��517
Commission v Germany (C-112/05) [2007] ECR I-8995 ��590
Commission v Germany (C-518/07) [2010] ECR I-1885��913
Commission v Germany (C-546/07) EU:C:2010:25 ��383
Commission v Germany (C-620/16) EU:C:2019:256 ��465
Commission v Germany (Beer purity) (274/87) EU:C:1989:51��560
Commission v Germany (International Dairy Arrangement) (C-61/94) [1996] ECR I-3989 ��452
Commission v Germany (open skies) (C-476/98) [2002] ECR I-9855 ��456, 457
Commission v Greece (305/87) [1989] ECR 1461��515
Commission v Greece (C-45/07) EU:C:2009:81�� 459, 465, 468
Commission v Greece (C-68/88) [1989] ECR 2965��288
Commission v Hungary (C-288/12) EU:C:2014:237��913
Commission v Hungary (C-179/14) EU:C:2016:108��526, 535
Commission v Hungary (C-66/18) EU:C:2020:792��526, 536
Commission v Ireland (C-392/96) [1999] ECR I-5901��852
Commission v Ireland (C-257/19) EU:C:2020:541 ��913
Commission v Ireland (EEA) (C-13/00) [2002] ECR I-2943 ��452, 461
Commission v Ireland (Mox Plant) (C-459/03) [2006] ECR I-4635 �� 445, 452, 461, 463, 464, 470
Commission v Ireland (Souvenirs) (113/80) EU:C:1981:139��560, 742
Commission v Italy (10/61) [1962] ECR 1��470
Commission v Italy (13/63) [1963] ECR 165��595
Commission v Italy (C-129/00) [2003] ECR I-14637�� 231, 248, 298
Commission v Italy (C-279/00) [2002] ECR I-1425��601
Commission v Italy (C-110/05) (Moped trailers) [2009] ECR I-519�� 547, 573, 596
Commission v Italy (Statistical levy) (24/68) EU:C:1969:29��575
Commission v Italy (Vinegar) (193/80) EU:C:1981:298��560
Table of Cases xix
Commission v Luxembourg (C-111/91) [1993] ECR I-817 ��513
Commission v Luxembourg (C-266/03) [2005] ECR I-4805 �� 465, 466, 557
Commission v Luxemburg (C-32/05) [2006] ECR I-11323��867
Commission v Luxembourg (C-319/06) [2008] ECR I-4323 �� 509, 511, 530, 700
Commission v Luxembourg (C-445/03) [2004] ECR I-10191��529
Commission v Luxembourg and Belgium (90-91/63) EU:C:1964:80��446, 557
Commission v Netherlands (C-282–283/04) [2006] ECR I-9141 ��589
Commission v Netherlands (C-542/09) EU:C:2012:346��540
Commission v Netherlands (C-233/14) EU:C:2016:396��522
Commission v Parliament and Council (C-43/12) EU:C:2014:298��768
Commission v Parliament and Council, Second waste regulation (C-411/06)
[2009] ECR I-7585��441
Commission v Poland (C-441/17 R) EU:C:2017:877��333, 860
Commission v Poland (C-192/18) EU:C:2019:924��229, 332
Commission v Poland (C-619/18) EU:C:2019:531��156
Commission v Poland (C-791/19 R) EU:C:2020:277��323, 419
Commission v Poland (Independence of the Disciplinary Chamber of the Supreme Court)
(C-719/18 R) EU:C:2020:277��333
Commission v Poland (Independence of the Supreme Court) (C-619/18 R)
EU:C:2019:531�� 156, 229, 325, 332
Commission v Poland (Mécanisme temporaire de relocalisation de demandeurs de
protection internationale) (C-715, 718, and 719/17) EU:C:2020:257��807
Commission v Portugal (C-367/98) [2002] ECR I-4731 Opinion of AG Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer �� 591
Commission v Portugal (C-171/02) [2004] ECR I-5645��537
Commission v Spain (C-211/08) [2008] OJ C197/12��528, 563
Commission v Spain (C-45/93) [1994] ECR I-911��513
Commission v Spain (C-154/08) EU:C:2009:695��248
Commission v Sweden (C-246/07) EU:C:2010:203��466, 472
Commission v United Kingdom (170/78) [1980] ECR 417��875
Commission v United Kingdom (C-382/92) [1994] ECR I-2435��684
Commission v United Kingdom (C-383/92) [1994] ECR I-2479��684
Commission v United Kingdom (C-466/98) EU:C:2002:63 Opinion of AG Tizzano��435
Commission v United Kingdom (C-98/01) [2003] ECR I-4641��589, 590
Commission v United Kingdom (C-308/14) EU:C:2016:436��522
Commission v United Kingdom (Origin markings) (207/83) EU:C:1985:161��567
Coname (C-231/03) [2005] ECR I-7287��563
Conceria Daniele Bresciani v Amministrazione delle Finanze Stato (87/75)
[1976] ECR 129��446, 576
Concordia Bus Finland v Helsingin jaupunki (C-513/99) [2002] ECR I-7213��703
Conseil général de la Vienne v Directeur general des douanes et droits indirects
(C-419/04) [2006] ECR I-5645��234, 238
Consorzio Industrie Fiammiferi (CIF) (C-198/01) [2003] ECR I-8055 ��196
Consorzio Italian Management (pending) ��175
Consten and Grundig (56/64 and 58/64) [1966] ECR 299 ��550, 704
Corpul Naţional al Poliţiştilor (C-434/11) EU:C:2011:830��694, 728
Corpul Naţional al Poliţiştilor (C-134/12), order of 10 May 2012 ��728
Corpul Naţional al Poliţiştilor (C-369/12), order of 15 November 2012��728
Costa v ENEL (6/64) [1964] ECR 585 ��99, 130, 131, 188, 189, 191–2, 205, 207, 214–15, 223,
228, 277, 291–2, 433, 446, 466–7, 489
Council v Front populaire pour la libération de la saguia-el-hamra et du rio de oro
(Front Polisario) (C-104/16 P) EU:C:2016:973 ��445, 477
Council v Simpson and Commission v HG (C-542/18 RX-II and C-543/18 RX-II)
EU:C:2020:232�� 167, 186, 300
Courage v Crehan (C-453/99) [2001] ECR I-6297�� 290, 298, 839
Covaci (C-260/14) EU:C:2015:68��768
Cowan v Le Trésor public (186/87) [1989] ECR 195 ��510, 618
Cremer v BALM (125/76) EU:C:1977:148��565
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The Evolution of EU Law 3rd Edition

The Evolution of EU Law 3rd Edition Paul Craig (Editor)

EU Administrative Law 3rd Edition Paul Craig

EU Law Beyond EU Borders: The Extraterritorial Reach of

EU Law Beyond EU Borders The Extraterritorial Reach of

EU Constitutional Law Koen Lenaerts

The Law of International Watercourses 3rd Edition

EU Health Law & Policy: The Expansion of EU Power in

EU Procedural Law (Oxford European Union Law Library)

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in

Library of Congress Control Number: 2021933981

11. The Evolution of EU Administrative Law  339

14. External Relations of the European Union: The Constitutional Framework

15. The Evolution of EU Human Rights Law  480

17. Free Movement of Goods: Evolution and Intelligent Design in the

18. Free Movement of Capital: Evolution as a Non-​Linear Process  579

19. Citizenship: Contrasting Dynamics at the Interface of Integration and

20. EU Anti-​Discrimination Law: Navigating Sameness and Difference  651

22. Economic and Monetary Union: Evolution and Conflict  721

23. EU Criminal Law and Police Cooperation  752

24. Civil Justice Extending its Tentacles  770

25. The Evolution of EU Law on Refugees and Asylum  793

26. Competition Law: Convergence through Law and Networks  824

27. EU Environmental Law and Legal Imagination  847

29. The Evolution of European Data Law  902

EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS

COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN

COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION –​ EUROPEAN

B v Land Baden-​Württemberg; SSHD v Vomero (C-​316/​16 and C-​424/​16) EU:C:2018:256��������������627, 628

C and A v Staatssecretaris van Veiligheid en Justitie (C-​257/​17) EU:C:2018:876������������������������235, 544

Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions

Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S.

START: FULL LICENSE

To protect the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the

Section 1. General Terms of Use and

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11. The Evolution of EU Administrative Law 339

14. External Relations of the European Union: The Constitutional Framework

15. The Evolution of EU Human Rights Law 480

17. Free Movement of Goods: Evolution and Intelligent Design in the

18. Free Movement of Capital: Evolution as a Non-Linear Process 579

19. Citizenship: Contrasting Dynamics at the Interface of Integration and

20. EU Anti-Discrimination Law: Navigating Sameness and Difference 651

22. Economic and Monetary Union: Evolution and Conflict 721

23. EU Criminal Law and Police Cooperation 752

24. Civil Justice Extending its Tentacles 770

25. The Evolution of EU Law on Refugees and Asylum 793

26. Competition Law: Convergence through Law and Networks 824

27. EU Environmental Law and Legal Imagination 847

29. The Evolution of European Data Law 902

COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION – EUROPEAN

B v Land Baden-Württemberg; SSHD v Vomero (C-316/16 and C-424/16) EU:C:2018:256��627, 628

C and A v Staatssecretaris van Veiligheid en Justitie (C-257/17) EU:C:2018:876��235, 544