A CHHUNGA THU AWMTE

1. Thuhma Phek
2. Mizorama thlai thar lei leh hralh thu a harsatna.
3. M:izorama thil tharte hralhna hmuh theih dan tur -1
4. Mizorama thil tharte hralhna hmuh theih dan tur -11
 THUHMAHRUAI

Kum 1992 Synod Inkhawmpui chuan, “Ei leh bara intodelh chungchang kum 10 chhung
thupuiah neih ni se,” tiin a rel a. Chu chu bawhzuiin Mizoram chhunga Kohhran leh Pastor Bial hrang
hrangah Seminar leh Campaign neih a ni a. Pastor Bial aiawh te ko khawmin Synod Conference
Centre-ah zirho a ni a, Agriculture Department nena \ang hovin lo neitute training pek a ni bawk a.
Kohhran mipui rilruah pawh Intodelh duhna leh eizawnna ngelnghet neih a \ulzia a intuh \an niin a lang.
Synod Social Front Committee chuan lo neitute dinhmun te, an hlawhtlinna leh harsatna te hre
chunga hmalak \ula hriain Kohhran tinah zawhna (questionaire) a siam a. Mi rinawm leh taima hlawhtling
tia sawi tur an awm laiin Kohhran tin a\anga chhannaah harsatna lian tak an nei a ni tih a hmuh theih a,
chung zinga \henkhatte chu -
1. Thlai thar hralhna a \ha lo.
2. Thlai thiar velna kawng (transportation) a \ha lo.
3. Thlai chi \ha an mamawh ang an hmu thei lo.
4. Electric power a mumal lo.
Lo neituten an thlai thar awm chhunah pawh a hralhna lamah harsatna an tawh \hin avangin
thlawhhma neih leh tihhmasawnna lamah nghawng \ha lo a nei a ni tih hriat a ni a. Hengte hre reng
chung hian Social Front Committee chuan Ni 15.10.1996-ah ‘Thlai thar hralhna kawng zawn Semi-
nar’ Vanapa Hall-ah a buatsaih a, Seminar atan paper min ziaksak turin Upa Dr. Lianzela, Venghnuai;
Dr. Thangchungnunga, Chawlhhmun leh Upa Lalrinthanga, Laipuitlang te sawm an ni a, paper \ha tak
an rawn ziak a, kan lawm hle a ni.
Heng paper-te hi zau zawka mipuiin an chhawr theih nan a bua chhuah \haa hriain Social
Front Committee chuan a \ul anga lo en\ha turin Rev. Lalbiaktluanga leh Upa K. Malsawma leh Upa
F. Lalsangliana te a ruat a. Paper-te chu uluk takin an en chhuak vek a, tuna lehkhabu hi kan lo hmu
thei ta a ni. Chhiartu zawng zawng tan ni tin khawsak relna leh thlarau lam nun thleng pawha \anpuitu
lehkhabu \angkai tak a nih ngei ka beisei.

Rev. H. Remthanga
Executive Secretary
i/c Social Front
 PROBLEMS OF AGRUCULTURAL
MARKETING IN MIZORAM
( Mizoram thlai thar lei leh hralh thua harsatna)

- Upa Lalrinthanga
Head of Economic Dept.
Gov’t Aizawl College

Kan thupui hi a sap \awnga dah a ni a. Mi tam zawk chuan kan hrethiam nghal thovin a
rinawm a; chutih rual chuan mi \henkhat chuan kan hrethiam lo mai thei bawk a. A mawl thei ang
berin han sawi ta ila, market awmzia chu ‘lei leh hralh’ sawina a ni mai a. A zuartu an awm a, a leitu
an awm bawk a; chutianga thil zuartu leh leitute indawr tawnna hi market chu a ni. ‘Agricultural
Marketing’ kan sawi erawh chuan loneitute thawhchhuah lei leh hralh chungchang sawina a ni a. Chuti
chuan, kan thupui awmzia chu ‘Mizoram chhunga loneitute thar chhuah lei leh hralh chungchanga
harsatna’ tihna a ni.
1. Agricultural Marketing Awmzia
A chhunga hrilhfiahna kan han sawi khi kan thupui awmzia kan man tlan theihna tura a thupui
awmzia hrilhfiahna mai a ni a. Chuvang chuan Agricultural marketing awmzia hi zau deuh zawkin sawi
hmasa ta ila, kan thu ngaihtuah turah hian kan chiang leh zual awm e. Tunlai khawvelah chuan loneitute
khawhawi a zau tawhin lo neih dan chi thar leh changkang zawk pawimawhnate an hre thar zel a.
Chubakah thar chhuah hralh dan chungchangah pawh an lo duhtuiin kawng an dap zau tial tial a.
Mahni mamawh zat mila buh leh thlai ching mai lovin, hralh tur hisap tel chungin miin lo an nei tawh a.
Engte hi nge hralh tla ber anga, eng te nge ching ila hlawk ber ang tih ngaihtuah chungin thlai chin tur
thlan dan leh a chin dan leh enkawl zui dan pawh kan uluk ta hle a. Chutiang bawkin, ‘Agricultural
Marketing’ tih pawh hi ‘lei leh hralh’ tih ngawt chuan a hrilhfiah zo lo va. A hralhna hisap chunga buh
leh thlai chin tur thlan leh ruahman te, a seng hun hmaa inruahman lawkna leh a seng hnua lak khawm
dan te dah khawm dan te, a phurh dante hralh hun leh hralh chhuah dan te (1) thil \henkhatah phei
chuan ei theih tura buatsaih dan (processing) te leh a hralhna hmuna sem darh dan (2) zawng zawng
hi a huam vek a ni. Mizoram kan harsatna pawh heng agricultural marketing awmzia kan han tarlante
a\anga chhut kan tum dawn a ni.
2. Marketing Problem zir a \ulna chhan
Agricultural marketing chungchanga kan harsatnate kan sawi hmaa thil pakhat sawi kai lawk
duh ka nei a. |henkhat chuan, ‘Kan harsatna sawi vak hi a \ulna eng nge awm? kan ti mai thei a.
Amaherawhchu, kan harsatna hi su kiang tura hma la tur chuan kan harsat dan leh a chhan leh vangte
chhui chhuah phawt a \ul a. Kan harsat dan chin leh harsatna kan tawh chhan te hre hmasa lo chuan
harsatna sukiang tura hmalak dan hriat mai theih a ni lo va, a chhan leh avang kan chhut ngun loh
avang leh kan hriat chian loh avanga a tihbo dan kan thiam lohte pawh a awm nual thei a ni tih kan
hriat a \ul hle a ni. Mawhphurtu tura sawrkarin a ruatte pawh hian agricultural marketing pawimawhna
leh harsatna kan tawhte avanga kan ram economic dinhmun chhiat thui theih dan an hmuh chian tawk
loh avanga a siam \hat dan an ngaihtuah tawk lohna lai pawh a awm mai thei bawk.
(1) The Report of the National Commission on Agricultural Vol.XII page 110.
(2) The Indian Council of Agricultural Research : A Handbook of Agricultural, Page 626.
3. Agricultural Marketing Pawimawhna
Agricultural marketing chungchanga kan harsatnate hi uluk taka chhui chian a \ul tawhzia hre
chiang leh zual tur chuan a pawimawhna hi kan hriat chian a \ul a. A pawimawhna hrechiang lo chuan
\hahnemngai taka harsatna sukiang tura beih a harsa a. Chuvang chuan a pawimawhna lam tlem han
sawi kai leh lawk ka duh a. Hna thawktu reng reng, loneitute tiamin, hna kan thawh chhan ber chu a
hlawkna kan hmuh let tur kan thlir vang a ni deuh vek a. Kan thawh chhuahte hi hralh an nih hma
chuan chu hlawkna kan beisei chu kan la hmu mai lo va; kan hralh chhuah a, a man kan tel hunah a
hlawkna kan tel chauh \hin a ni. Chuvang chuan, marketing tel lo chuan thawh chhuah ngawt hian a
tum a hlen lo va. Kan thawh chhuahte hi lei leh hralh (marketing) an nih hma chuan a hlawkna kan la
tel famkim loh avangin production process-a kha a la famkim lo va (Production is incomplete without
marketing), ram economic dinhmun siam \ha tura a thawh tur ang a la thawk phak hek lo. Ram
hnufual, mi tam berin lo neih eizawnna pui bera an hmanna ram, kan ram angah hi chuan, agricultural
marketing hi a pawimawh leh zual a ni. Agricultural marketing hi production process tifamkimtu atan
a pawimawh satliah mai a ni lo va, loneitute leh kawng danga eizawngtute mamawh phuhrukna a ni a.
Agricutural marketing ho awm lo se chuan, loneituten an thawh chhuah baka an mamawh leina an nei
lo ang a, lo nei ve loten ei tur an nei hek lo vang.
Marketing facilities \ha hian hnathawktute lak luh a tipung a, an thawh chhuah a tipung tial tial
bawk a, mamawh bak hial thawk chhuakin, harsat vang mai ni lo, a chuang liam hralh tur an neih theih
phah a, chu chuan loneitute dinhmun a chawi kang thei \hin a ni.
Marketing facilties a \hat chuan loneitu, mahnia hralhna zawng thiam lote pawhin awlsam
takin an hralh ve thei a. Hlep uma khar chhawngtute hnena tlawm lutuka hralh a ngai lo va; khar
chhawngtute hnena an pekna aia sang si, khar chhawngtuten an pekna aia hniam siin an hralh theih
\hin avangin, lo nei ve lote pawhin tlawm zawkin loneitute thar chhuah kha an lo lei theih phah bawk
a ni.
Tin, tunlai khawvel lo changkang zelah, lo neih dan pawh tihchangkan tial tial a ngai a. Chutiang
tur chuan hmanraw thar hman a ngai a, hmanraw changkang zawk leh \ha zawk loneituten an neih
theihna tur atana pawimawh hmasa ber chu an mamawhte leina an neih theih nan an thawh chhuahte
awmsam tak leh hlawkpui thama an hralh theih a ngai a ni.
Ram hunfualah chuan agricutural marketing hian market dang zawng zawng dinhmun a khawih
thui thei hle a. Agricutural marketing \ha tak a awm chuan thil man sang thut thut a tlem a, agricultural
marketing a awm \hat loh a, loneitute thawh chhuah a\anga hralh chhuah a tlem chuan a man a lo sang
a, thil dang man pawh a to phah a, mi retheiten nasa takin an tawrh phah a. Khawlkhawm (saving) a
tlahniam a, investment a hmiam zui a, agricultural development mai bakah industrial development
thlengin a ti\huan\hu thei \hin a ni.
Agricultural marketing \ha chuan agricultural mai bakah industry lama hmasawnna a thlen
theih avangin, ram development innghahna pawimawh tak a ni a. Tin, loneituten an phu ang an hmu a,
leituten tlawm zawkin an lei theih phah a, mipui ham\hatna (social welfare) thlentu pawimawh tak a ni
thei \hin.
Tunlai khawvel hmun hrang hrangah leh India ram ngeiah pawh, central sawrkar kuta ram
economic dinhmun siam hna dah ngawt lo va, State sawrkar leh district leh khawtlang roreltute bakah
voluntary organisation thleng pawha hman \angkai tumna a lian tial tial a. Chutiang chu ‘decentralised
planning’ an ti a. Chutiang decentralised planning hnuaiah chuan market leh market prices (thil lei leh
hralhna man) azira ram development programme duan a ni \hin a. Market system \hat leh \hat lohvin
ram development-ah kawngro a su thui thei hle dawn a ni. Chuvang chuan kan rama agricultural
marketing \hat tawk lohnate uluk taka zir a, a tihbo dan leh marketing \ha zawk neih theih dan dapa
hmalak a \ul hle.
3. Agricultural Marketing chungchanga kan harsatnate
Lo neitute thawh chhuah lei leh hralh chungchanga harsatna hi Mizoramah chauh a awm lo va,
India ram pumpuia kan harsatna a ni a. Amaherawhchu Mizoram hi tlang ram, State hnufual tak kan
nih avangin harsatna tawk nasa ber zinga mi chu kan ni thung a. Kan vanneihna tak erawh chu State
dang tam takte angin mihausa leh mirethei inkar a zau lo va. Chuvang chuan mihausain miretheite
thawh chhuah sa tlawm lutuka leisaka, to taka hralh chhawn leh te leh mirethei rahbehna state dang
angin a la nasa lutuk lo niin a lang. Tuna kan dinhmunah chuan lo neitute thawh chhuah lei leh hralh
chungchanga kan harsatna tawh mek leh kan thawh chhante chu a tlangpuiin hengte hi an ni.
(1) Sum leh paia harsatna : A tlangpui thuin, lo neitute hi khawsak harsa tak tak an ni
hlawm a. Chuvang chuan, a tam ber chuan an thawh chhuahte man man zawka hralh hun an nghak thei
\hin lo va. Chutiang hun an nghah theihna tura pawisa lama \anpuina a awm \hat bawk si loh avangin,
thar chhuah hlim, a man tlawm lai ber hunah an hralh lo thei \hin lo va. Hei hian a pawisaa an hmuh tur
ang an hmuhna tur a dal \hin a. A man to hunah an lo hralh zo tawh \hin a, \henkhat phei chuan lei an
lo mamawh leh tawh zawk \hin nen, an hralhna aia tovin an hralh ang tho kha an lei leh a \ul chang a
tam hle a. Hei hi buh chingtute ziangah a tam leh zual a; buh chin kan hreh phahna bul pakhat pawh hi
niin a lang.
(2) Transport lam harsatna : Mizoram hi tlang ram a nih avangin lova kan thawh
chhuahte thiar khawm vel a hautak hle a, chubakah kawng kan nei chhiain, khaw tam tak motor luh
theih lohna a la awm a. Motor luh theihna hmun tak tak pawh \halah chauh a luh theihna hmun tam tak
a la awm a, chuvang chuan hmun tam taka mite tan chuan khaw chhung baka an thlai leh buhbal tharte
hralh tum chu thil theih loh tluk a ni. Motor-a thiar theihna hmuna awmte tan pawh a phurh man a to
avangin kawngpuia hralh tura phurh a hlawk chuang lo fo bawk. India ram pum puiah hian transport
harsatna avanga lo neituten an sen belh hi an sen zawng zawng hmun zaa \hena hmun sawm hnih
(20%) vel niin chhut a ni a. Mizoramah phei chuan hei aiin a san ngei a rinawm. Arunachal sawrkar
khuan Apple chingtute hnenah a thlawna market an thlen theih nan a phurhna man hi a tumsak vek a.
Apple chin an phur phah hle mai a, an la hlawhtlin phah hlein a rinawm.
(3) Kan thil thar chhuahte dahkhawmna kudam leh a vawn \hatna (Storage
and Warehouse) kan nei lo : Thingtlang chu sawi loh, khawpuiah pawh kan thil thar chhuah dah
khawmna tur kudam kan nei mumal o hi kan harsatna pakhat chu a ni a. Thingtlangah a dahkhawmna
a awm loh bakah khawpuiah leh zel pawh a dahkhawm leh vawn thatna hmun kan neih loh avangin
man man deuha hralh theih hun nghah ngaihna a awm si lo va; a hralh theih hun hmasaa hralh mai a
ngai \hin hian kan lo neitute lak luh a titlahniam nasa hle a. Ram dang, lo neia eizawng an tamna hmun
tak takah chuan, khawpuiah Warehouse \ha tak neiin lo neituten an thar chhuah a\anga hralh tur an
neihte an dah khawm a. Warehouse enkawltuten receipt an lo pe a, chu receipt hmang chuan bank
a\anga loan an lak phalsak a ni \hin a. Warehouse-ah an thil tharte chu lo vawn \hatsakin a man \hat
hunah an hralha, a man a\angin an loan lakte chu an rul leh mai \hin a ni. Kan khawpui Bazarahte hian
chutiang chu a awm loh avangin thingtlang a\anga an thil thar rawn zuartute hian thin nat thlak khawpa
tlawmin an hralh phah fo \hin a ni.
(4) Hlep uma khar chhawngtute (middlemen) avanga harsatna : Loneitute thil
thar chhuah kan lei dan ber chu hlep uma khar chhawngtute kut a\angin a ni a. Lo neitu, an buh leh
thlai thar hralh tura khawpuia lo kalte hian dah \hatna hmun an neih loh leh an tan khawpuia cham reng
a hrasatzia hre ranin hlep uma khar chhawngtute hian thingtlanga an inleina aia tlawm mahin an khar
chhawn luihsak fo \hin a. A remchan dan ang anga hralh an mamawh tih hre ranin tam tak phei chuan
a bain an lo kharsak a, a man an pek \hat duh leh si loh avanga mangang tak tak an awm fo \hin a,
\henkhat phei chuan khawpuia zawrh tur thlai chin an sim phah hial a ni.
(5) Bukna dik lo hman ching an tam : A buka buk chi lei leh hralh chungchangah hian
rinawmna kan tlachham hle a. Lo neitute thil zawrh hlep uma leitute hian an lei dawna bukna leh hralh
tur bukna nei hrang leh trick thiam riaute an awm bawk a, Lo neituten an tum aia tlawma an hralh mai
bakah bukna dik lo avanga an hloh leh khar chhawngtute kut a\anga buk tling tawk lo lei a awm phah
\hin. Hei hi lo neitute chauhin an tuar lo va, bazar a\anga leitute pawh hian kan tuar ve tho a ni. Sa zuar
leh sawrkar dawn Fair-price shop a\angte pawh hian buk dik taka lei a awm meuh lo tluk a ni. Bukna
leh tehna dik lo hi Pathian ngaihin ‘tenawm’ a ni a, bukna dik erawh chu a lawmzawng, a hmangtu
pawh damreina a tiam hial a ni (Leviticus 19:35,36; Deuteronomy 25:15,16; Thufing 11:1;16:1).
Chuvangin, Kristianna leh bukna dik lo hi thil inpersan hlauh a ni tih i hria ang u.
(6) Institutional Marketing \ha tawk lo : A hma lama kan sawi tak, bukna dik tawk
lo leh khar chhawngtute avanga lo neituten harsatna an tawh fo chhan pakhat chu heng hlep uma khar
chhawngtute hnen bakah hralhna dang \ha tawk a awm loh vang a ni. Institutional marketing chi hrang
hrang kan nei \ha tawk lo va, Cooperative Marketing Society te kan nei mang lo te leh sawrkar
ruahmannaa lo neitute thil thar leina kawng kan dap \hin dan te a la beitham lutuk avangte hian lo
neituten an thar chhuah ang pawh hlawk deuha hralhna an hmu zo lo va. Man man deuha hralhna an
hmuh zawh \hin loh avangin thawh chhuah tam tuma \an lakna an tlakchham phah a, rim taka hna
thawh an phur loh phah niin a lang.
(7) Lo neituten Market chanchin an hre tawk lo : Lo neitute hian a hralhna awm
\hat dan azirin buh leh thlai chin tur an ruahman a pawimawh hle a. Anmahni mai chuan market
chanchin te, eng hi nge hralh tla tur tihte, sawrkar policy leh international market-a hralh tla chi deuhte
hriat a harsa a. Chutih rualin kan ramah chutiang lama hma latu mumal kan nei \ha lo hle a, a hralhna
tur lam leh a hralh tlak dan turte leh a man turte hisap lawk lem lova, mahni duhzawng an pawng chin
mai \hin hian thlai a lo thar hunah hralhna lama harsatna a siam fo \hin a. Market chanchinte lo zir a,
chin uar atana \ha leh \ha lote lo zir a, lo neitute hnena thurawn pe leh \hintu tur fel taka ruahmanna
awm hma chuan he harsatna hi a reh dawn reng reng lo tih kan hriat a \ul hle a ni.
(8) Lo neitute an \angrual tawk lo : A leitu lam an \anrual tlan viau lai association te
dina, hma an lak laiin lo neitu lam hi an \angrual \ha lo hle a. Chuvang chuan an thil thar chhuahte
mahni \heuha hralhin, mahniin a leitute an dawr a. A leitu lam an lo \an rual si avangin an hralh tum dan
aia tlawm fein an thar chhuahte an hralh phah \hin a. Tun hnai mai khan Farmer’s Association te din
a ni ve ta a. He lam pangah hian theih tawpa hma an lak a pawimawh hle. Chuti lo chuan loneitute aiin
a khar chhawngtute hi an hlawk zawk fo dawn a ni.
(9) Hlawk thut tumna avangin hralhna lamah harsatna an tawk : Kan thawh
chhuah a ni emaw ni lo emaw Mizote hian sumdawn thiam tawk lohna kan neih pakhat chu kan rilru
a hman hmawhin hlawk thutna kan dap lutuk hi a ni. Sawhthing chingtuten tunhnai lawka harsatna an
tawh chhan zinga pakhat chu a market \hat leh \hat loh ngaihtuah lem lova hralh to chiam an tum vang
a ni a. A zawngtute lei ngamna angin an hralh phal lo va, a tawpah hralhna tur haihchhamin an rawn
zawnna leh an hralh phal lohna man zat leka hralh leh tam tak an awm a ni. A chi an leina man zat aia
tlema hralh an hreh a. Hei hi ngaih mai chuan thil awm tak a ni a. Mahse, thlai leh thil dang kan chin
hian a lo pung a. Sawhthingah phei chuan quintal khatah quintal 10 (sawm) te a thar thei a. Quintal
khat Rs. 800 lai pawhin lei ila, Rs. 500 chauha hralh leh pawhin Rs. 5000 an hmu kir leh dawn tih an
chhut vak lo niin a lang. Unit khata hlep kan um a, a vaia a hlep lam kan chhut \helh fo \hin. Hei hi lo
neitute chauh lo pawhin kan thiam theih loh leh vai dawr kai kan tluk loh fona a ni. Mizo dawrkaiin
Unit khatah hlep tam a tum laiin vai dawrkai chuan thla khat emaw kum khat chhunga a hlep tur emaw
a thlir ran a. Tlema a tihtlawm khan a hralh tam dawn a, thla a lo tawp meuh chuan a chhiar to zawk
aiin a hlep tam zawk dawn tih a chhut \hin a ni. Inelna a awm phei chuan hetianga uluk taka chhut hi
a pawimawh hle a, dinchhuahna leh ralna hring thei a ni tih hriat a pawimawh hle a ni.
(10) Intihhmuh vak kan ching : Mizote hi intihhmuh chi kan ni a. Tuin emaw a
dinchhuahpui tih kan hriat chuan a tih ang tih leh thlai chin ang chin kan intihhmuh a. Thar chhuah a lo
tam hian a man a tlahniam leh hlauh si \hin a, chutih rual chuan a man tlawma hralh kan hreh leh lawi
si a. Thil tam tak phei chu dah reiin a buk a lo zang a, kan hloh phah \euh thei a ni. Market demand
uluk taka zir chung leh mi tih ang tih ve tum ringawt lova, kan thlai chin turte kan thlan thiam a \ul hle
a ni.
(11) Agricultural Market pawimawhna kan hre tawk lo : Sawrkara mawhphurhtu
tura ruatte hian mi tih dan an hriat avanga tih ve mai mai leh mipui nawrna a nasat avanga hma la lo thei
lova sawrkarin a nawr avang chauha, loneitute thar chhuah leisakna ngaihtuah chauh kan ni fovin a
lang a. A tam berin lo neiha ei an zawnna rama agricultural marketing pawimawhzia leh ram hmasawnna
leh hnufualna hril thei a nih hi chu kan hre teh chiam lo niin a lang. Agricultural marketing \ha hian
agricultural development chauh a thlen lo va, industry lama hmasawnna thlentu pawh a ni tih hriaa,
hma lak a \ul hle a ni. Chubakah mawhphurtute hian lo neitute thar chhuah ang ang lei tuma chang
ringawt lovin a market \hat dan turte zir lawkin chin tur leh uar tur chungchangah thurawn pek hi an
mawhphurhna a ni tih an hriat a pawimawh hle a ni.
Heng kan han tarlan takte hi a pawimawh zual nia kan ngaihte a ni a. Heng harsatna chi hrang
hrangte avang hian lo neituten anmahni mamawh leina takngial pawh an thawk chhuak zo tawh lo va.
An hralh chhuah tam tak hi hralh tham an thawh chhuah vang pawh ni lovin hralh lo thei lo khawpa an
retheih vang a ni zawk mah a. Hralhna a numal loh avangin tam tak chuan mahni mamawh bak
thawhchhuah tumna pawh an nei tawh hek lo. Hei hian lo neitute mai a tihnufual lova, ram pumpui a
tihnufual a. Tunlai khawvel, Decentralised planning uar chhoh zelna karah phei chuan ram hnufual te
development innghahna pui ber pakhat chu Agricultural Marketing hi a ni a. Agicultural Marketing a
\hat si loh chuan, development plan \ha tak a siam hleih theih lo va. Industry lama hmasawnna a dip
bawk si avangin, kawng engkimah ram \hanmawh bawk a siam \hin.
 SOLUTION OF MARKETING PROBLEMS IN MIZORAM
( MIZORAM THIL THARTE HRALHNA HMUH THEIH DAN TUR)
PART - 1

- Dr. Thangchungnunga
Reader, NEHU

Independent hma a\ang tawh kan thlai thar hralhna (Agriculture Market) siam \hat chungchang
hi India ram pawhin a buaipui tawh a. Kum 1928 khan ‘The Royal Commission on Agriculture’
chuan loneitu market harsatna sut kianna atana \ha bera a beisei chu inkalpawhna kawngpui \ha leh
regulated market siam a ni tih thu rawnna a siam a. Hemi rawtna a\ang hian 1937 khan The Agricutural
produce (Grading and Marketing) Act Pass a lo ni ta a. He dan thar hnuaiah hian thlai tharte kha
hralh atana \ha tawk an nih dan standard bithliah vek a ni a. Chumi bithliah ang chuan a man pawh
siam a ni a; tin, \ha tawka ngaih a nih loh chuang market-a zawrh phal pawh a ni lo a ni. Hetianga an
\hat dan azira bithliah hi standardisation leh grading an ti mai a. A tirah chuan ghee, tel, kurtai leh
vaihlo-ah te grading siam a ni. Standardisation kan tih hian khawl hmanga endik thlap a, Bureau of
India standard duh ang thlap siam chhuah kher a kawk lo va. Tuna, depde taka bawlhhlawh leh thil
dang chawhpawlha kan zawrh avang market kan hmuh theih loh phah \hin hi a ngaimawhawm a. Kan
thil zawrhte fai leh \ha leh thianghlim taka enkawl a, lei tlak ngei hmel pu tura siam a tawk a. Indepen-
dent thleng kha chuan India ramah regulated market 432 a awm a. Kum 1990-ah kha chuan regu-
lated market 6118 lai kan lo nei ta a ni. Mizoramah pawh September session, 1996 khan he bill hi put
luh a ni ve ta awm e.
Inkalpawhna kawngpui \ha neih a \ulzia chu hai rual a ni lo va. Mizoram thlai thar zawrh a
harsatna ber pakhat chu a phurhna tur awm mai thei lo hi a ni. Thingtlang khaw hla vak loa mi aiin
Shillong alu kan lei nasa zawk a ni. Thil phurh man a to mai bakah a thang chhung a rei em em a.
Chuvang chuan thlai hring chhe mai thei chi chu Bazar hlat deuh tan chuan zawrh theih loh tluk a ni.

1. REGULATED MARKET
Regutated Market han tih hian a awmzia chu Sorkar dan khuahkhirhna hnuaia market awmtir
a ni a. Tin, Bazar chhungah thil zuartute leh leitute awlsam nan hmanraw chi hrang hrang buatsaihsak
a huap tel bawk. Regulated market-ah chuan thil zawrh \hat zawng bithliahna, standardization leh
grading siam theihna tur hmanrua te, Vantlang hmaa bungrua lilam theihna hmunte a nei tur a ni.
Modern market yards an tih angah hi chuan thil lilamna tualzawl (auction platform) te, dawr in
(tradershop), thilbukna lian (weighbridge) te, warehouse, khualbuk (rest house) leh ran dahna hmun
te a awm a. Chutiang chu India ram khawpui hrang hrangah 50 vel siam a ni tawh.
Buffer Stock operatoin hi hman a nihna chhan ber chu thil zawrh tur dah khawm/dah \hat a tul
vang a ni. Bazarah supply a tam lutukin a manin a tlak hniam phah vak \hin ven nan, eng emaw zat lo
stock \hat a, hralh theih tawk pho chhuah a nih theih nan a \ul a. Khatiang dah \hat (stock) lo awm
kha a van hnuah thil man lo sang lutuk tur ven nan supply tlachham lova market a awm theih nan a ni.
Buhfai leh thil dah rei theih chi-ah chuan hman mek a niin, market pawh a vawng \ha hle a, thlai hnah
hring leh chhe mai thei kan zawrh tam ber ang chi-ah hi chuan a tak taka hman a har hle ang. Heng
regulated market te hi Market committee awp leh enkawl a ni a. Committee member-ah hian mi hrang
hrang agricultural marketing lama tui mite an awm \hin a ni. Member awm zat hi a tlemna ber state
Himachal-ah chuan pakua an ni a, a tamna ber M.P-ah chuan 20 an ni thung. State subject a nih angin
State Sorkar dan siam hnuaia hnathawk (Function) tur an ni. State Agri. Marketing Board hnuaiah an
awm a. Mahnia thuneihna sang tak (autonomy) nei tura din ni mah se, Marketing Board hi a inpawlh
nasa lutuk \hin a, an chak loh phah hle a ni.
Regulated Market siam a nih hian a thil tum pawimawh tak takte chu :
1) Bazar chhunga Sumdawngtute zawng zawng dan zawm tur a thunun.
2) Grading leh Market intelligence service buatsaihna, Bazara inlei leh hralh dan awlsam
leh \ha zawk kawng siam chhuah.
3) Thlai thar zuartute ham\hatna venhim.
Heng a thil tum \ha tak takah hian regulated market hi a la hlawhtling famkim lo hle a ni. Kum
1988 khan regulated market awm zawng zawng 6052 zinga 1028 chauhin grading tih theihna (facility)
an nei. A neiho pawh hian Bazara lo thleng zawng zawng an grade kim thei lo nasa tho a ni.
Market Intelligence hi a pawimawh hle. Bazar chungchanga hriat tur pawimawh tinreng; thil
man zat, lei duh zat, bazaraa lo thleng zat, hmun dang danga hralh theihna leh an lei duh zat leh a man
tur te, ram danga thawn chhuah theihna tur thleng tea hriat tur \ulte a huam a ni. Market Committee-
ten mi tinin bazar chhunga thil hriat tur pawimawh an hriat tlan vek theih nan thu thar awm apiang
chanchinbuah te, Radio-ah te an puang darh \hin tur a ni. Tin, thil zuartute hian a hun dik takah an thil
hralh man dik tak an dawng tur a ni.

2. CO-OPERATIVE MARKETING
Agicultural Marketing Society hi chhawng li angin a awm a. National, State, District leh Vil-
lage level-a inkungkaih a ni. National level-ah chuan NAFED (National Agricultural Co-operative
Marketing Federation) a awm a. A thil tum pawimawh tak chu lo neitute thlai thar hralh chhuahna
kawng zawnsak a ni. Thlai thar an hralh theihna tura tih \ulah leh dawm kan ngaihnaah hma a la \hin
tur a ni. Lo neitute hi \anpui ngaihna tam tak a awm a, bazara hralh theih tur leh zawrh tlak ni tura
buatsaih a ngai a, sap\awngin sawi ta mai ila, procurement, transporting, handling, grading, packaging
leh processing-te a ngai a. Hemi an tih theihna tura \anpui hi NAFED thil tum pawimawh tak chu a ni.
Thurawnte pea, ram pawn thlenga hralh theihna tur kawng zawnte pawh a ni bawk. Keini ramah
pawh state federation, MIZOFED kan nei a, NAFED ang thova hnathawk tur a ni. Vawiin ni thleng
chuan thlai thar hralh chungchanga an \angkai dan chu a la nep hle. Chutiang bawkin MAMCO leh
MIFCO te pawh hna \angkai tak agricultural marketing atan hian thawk tura din chhuah leh zel an ni.
Amaherawhchu, sorkara innghat rinngawt lovin loneitute hian anmahniin marketing society an
din ve tur a ni. Society pawisa tlingkhawm a\angin a hlawmin thil an zuar thei dawn a ni. Society kha
amah leh amah inrel fel chawpin, thil dahkhawmna (storage) turte a buatsaih thei a, member mamawhte
tan pawisa pawh a puktir thei bawk. Chubakah chuan an thil zawrh chi hrang hrangte kha ‘grading’
an siam ve mai thei a, an hralh \hat phah thei bawk a ni. Tin, a phurhna (transport) atan society anga
an inhlawm khawm chuan nasa takin a tlawm bik a ni.
Khawvel ram dangah pawh Co-operative marketing kan tih ang chi hi an uarin an hlawhtlinna
bul pawh a ni. Dantwala Committee-in a report dan chuan Japan ramah khian sorkara buhfai an hralh
zawng zawng zaa 90 chu Co-operative kaltlangin a ni. Israel ramah chuan an thlai thar leh buh thar
zawng zawng zaa 73 chu Co-operative kut chhuak an ni. Loneitu zaa 50 lai chu Canada ramah khuan
Co-operative society-in an awm nghe nghe a ni. Chutiang bawkin France ramah pawh Co-operative
marketing society-in Wheat an hralh zawng zawng zaa 80 chu a chang a ni. U.S.A-ah thung chuan
thlai hnah leh thei an zawrh zaa 90 chu Society kuta mi a ni a, dry fruit phei chu zaa 95 zel Society
kaltlanga zawrh a ni.
 A chunga kan han tarlan tak ang khian khawvel ram tam takah chuan Co-operative marketing
a pawimawhin loneitute pawh an innghahna lian ber a ni. Thlai thar neitute ngei intel khawma market-
ing society changtlung taka din hi kan thil thar market \ha siam theihna kawng \ha tak pakhat a ni.
Pawisa puk theihna kawngah pawh ram security-a hmang lovin, thlai thar security-ah a hman
theih a. Thlai thar a \hat phei chuan bank tan pawh pawisa puktir a phurawm em em thei a. Chubakah
crop insurance-te pawh a tih theih zel a; mi mal tana thil harsa kha society a lo nih chuan awlsam takin
a tih theih a ni. Mizoramah Society hi thil thar a ni lo va, tuna kan tih ang lo deuh hian, ti tak takin,
rinawm taka kalpui chuan hlawhtlinna bul a ni.
Kum 1991-92 khan NAFED sum lakluh (turn over) zawng zawng chu Rs. 459.84 crores a ni
a. Ram pawn leh ram chhung sumdawnna hrang hrang a khawih a. Thlai thar lei leh hralh bakah Price
support siamsak ang chi pawh a khawih tel a. Ram chhunga thil thar chhuah a leisak hrang hrangte
chu foodgrains, pulses, oilseeds, spices, fruit and vegetables, tea, rubber, cotton, poultry, processed
food leh agricultural inputs-te an ni. Alu leh purun bul thlengin loneitute thar chhuah a leisak a ni.
Chutiang khawp chuan thlai thar zawrh chuangchangah NAFED hian \an a la a. State federation
Mizofed leh MAMCO te pawh hi nasa zawka hma la tur a ni. Mizofed dawrtute hi thlai thar lampang
ai chuan phai lam thilsiam chhuah zawrhah a inhmang ral mai niin a lang a. Loneituten an \hatpui turin
hma la se a duhawm khawp mai.
Vawiin niah chuan sorkar an rintlak lohva mipui pawh an rintlak loh bawk niin a lang. Miin
sorkar \ha lova an hriat chuan a rinawm loh phah \hin a. Mipui ber an rinawm tawh loh chuan sorkar
\ha pawh a awm thei bawk hek lo. Chuvang chuan policy \ha leh dan tharte siam chhuak \hin mah ila
a hlawhtling chuangin a rinawm loh. Entirnan, kum 1982 vel khan Pakistan leh U.S.A-in kaikuanga
insumdawnna thuthlung an siam a. U.S.A sorkar-in kaikuang in supply apiang chu kan lo lei ang a,
Amaherawhchu, in supply dan tur chu hetiang hi a ni ang. A lian \ha panga a\anga sawmpanga thleng
kg. khat chin a hlawm hranin in tel ang a, chumi aia te pum 30 tleng kg. khat tling chin a hrangin tel
khawm leh a, a aia te pawh a hrana tel khawm lehin thliar fel thlap turin a ti a. Mahse kaikuang
mantute Pakistan ho an dep det avangin chutiang dan chu an zawm thei lo va, a tenawi tak takte a tel
lo turah a man \hahnem ngaih avangin a thun ru vak \hin a. Chu bakah tiro \ha lovin kaikuang rimchhe
tawh te an thawn tel chiam \hin a. Chuvang chuan U.S.A-in a leisak duh ta lo va, Pakistan chu a
black-list ta hial a ni.
Tunah chuan regulated market kan nei ve dawn ta a. Amaherawhchu a dan chauh kan hmang
dawn rih ni awm tak a ni. A hma lama kan sawi tawh ang khan Market Yard puitling, weighbridge,
rest house, cattleshed, warehouse, tradershop leh Auction Platform thleng nei a ni tur a ni. Tichuan
thlai thar zuartute tan harsatna a awm lo vang. Tuna kan market complex angah hi chuan thil zawrhna
hmun tur ringawt, patling, nutling \hutna leng chauh tur hmun pawh inchuh a ngai a ni a. Tin, motor a
lut thei lo va, thlai thar zuartuten kuli manah tam tak chawi a ngai nghal a. Engmah awmzia a nei
chuang awm lo mang e. Dan \ha tak kan hman phah theihna tur a nih chuan a lawmawm ta reng reng
tho va.
Market Intelligence hi a pawimawh em em a, a state pum anga kan tlakchham em em bawk si
a ni. Thlai thar hralhna hmun hrang hrang a man zat leh eng zat nge an lei duh turte hriat a ngai a. Ram
chhunga market-ah chauh ni lo, ram pawn market thleng pawhin kan hre tur a ni. Tin, thil hriat \ul
dang zawng zawng, lei leh hralh dan te, transport awm theih dan leh chhiah pek ngaite pawh kan hre
tlang vek tur a ni.
Tunah hian economic liberalisation policy thar kan hmang chho \an mek a ni a, licence leh
permit ngai lova sumdawnna kawng zau tak ruahmanna siam fel mek zel a ni. Free comodities an tih
ang chi pawh a la awm nual a. Chuvangin export licence leh import licence kan tih ang chi hi kan mu
tan tur chi a ni vak lo thei. Market kan hmu thei a nih phawt chuan tun hma ai chuan he lam kawngah
pawh hian thil a awlsam tawh hle ang. Kan sawi danah infuih tawn thiam a pawimawh hle ang.
 (MIZORAMA THIL THARTE HRALHNA HMUH THEIH DAN TUR)

PART - II
- Upa Dr. Lianzela
Reader, NEHU

Thlai/thil thar chhuah lei leh hralh chungchanga mi thiamte sawi dan fo chu : “Market first,
production second,” (a hralhna tur market hmuh/siam phawta chu mi hnuah thar tur) tih a ni. An sawi
dan dang leh chu, “Customer is a king,” (a leitu chu lal tur a ni/a leitu duh dan a lal tur a ni tih a ni).
Mahse vawiin ni thlenga kan kal dan chu - thar phawta chumi hnua hralhna tur (market) zawn a ni.
Thar tur chin chungchangah pawh a leitu turte duh ngei tur lam ngaihtuah hmasa lovin, a chingtu tana
remchang leh awlsam tur kan la ngai pawimawh hmasa zawk niin a lang. Heng vangte hi a ni ngei ang,
a hralhna chungchangah tun thlenga kan la buaia kan thil/thlai thar chhuah ve ang ang pawh kan hralh
theih mang loh fo ni. Market kan nei \ha lo va, a leitu duhzawng tura sawngbawl dan kan ngai pawimawh
lo va, kan thiam \ha bawk lo va, hengte hian harsatna lian tak tak min thlen chho mek a nih hi.
Mizoram thlai/thil thar chhuahte hralhna ngaihtuaha a \ul anga kawng zawng turin Mizoram
Agricultural Marketing Corporation (MAMCO) kum 1993 khan din a ni. Hemi hma lam hi chuan
thil/thlai thar chhuah hralh leh lei etc. hi Trade and Commerce lam hmalakna tura ngaih a ni. MAMCO
chuan heng Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry, Fishery, Forest, Sericulture thar chhuah lei
leh hralh, vawn/dah \hat, process a hmalakna tur a ni dawn a ni. Heng bakah pawh thil/thar/chingtuten
man man deuh zawka thil an hralh theih dan tur ngaihtuah leh a \ul dan anga Price support/Price
subsidy pek pawh a hma tel tur a ni. Price support awm tawh pek a nih theih nan India ramah
Agricultural Price Commission (APC) din a ni a, APC chuan Minimum Quaranteed Price (MGP) a
siam/fixed ve leh a. MGP aia tlawma thil hralh a lo \ulin a thar/chingtute \anpui nan emaw chhawmdawl
nan Price Support/Price subsidy pek a ni ta \hin a ni. Mizoramah Price Support, a changa thlai thar
pahnih khata kan pek bak thil dang teh chiam tih kan nei lo. India ram hmun \henkhatah chuan Buffer
Stock Operation (BSO) scheme an hmang \angkai viau a ni awm e. He scheme thawh dan chu a
mawl thei ang bera sawiin - thlai thar \hat kuma a man tla hniam lutuk tur ven nan sawrkarin thlai
thartute hnen a\angin an thil thar chu a leisak a, a remchan angin chu a thil lei sa chu a \ulna hun leh
hmunah sawrkar chuan a hralh ve leh a. Tin, thil thar chhat kum/a van em em kuma a to lutuk tur ven
nan pawh sawrkarin a lei bawk \hin. A lei sa chu a man tur awm tawk bithliahin a hralh ve leh \hin.
Hetianga thil lei khawl, a \ul dan anga hralh leh hi B.S.O. chu a ni. He miin a ken tel chu dah or dah
\hatna hmun (storage facilities) neih a ni.
Kum kal taa MAMCO-in thlai/thil thar chhuah hralh leh lei lama hma a lo lak tawh dan lo thlir
ila.
1) Iskut (squash) : Kum 1994-1995 chhung khan Iskut chingtute hnenah price sup-
port atan cheng nuai 6.3 (lakhs) pek a ni a, 1995-1996-ah cheng nuai 6 pek a ni leh a. Kum 1996-
1997 hian procurement price atan kg.-ah Rs. 1.25 tih a ni a, hemi aia tova a chingtuten an la hralh
theih avangin MAMCO-in leisak a la \ul rih lo a ni. Mizoram Iskut hi ram chhunga hralh bak Silchar
lama hralh a ni.
2) Hmarcha (chilly) : Mizoramin vaihmarcha kan thar vaihmarcha te ber dawttu hi a
\hat leh \hat loh endik (test) tir a ni a. Sample test-tu M/S KANCOR FLAVOUR & EXTRACTS
Limited (South Kerela) hmuh dan chuan Capsicum Content hmarcha a thak lai tak/tithaktu 7.6% a ni
an ti. Silchar vaihmarcha seipui pui ang khu 0.3% vel a ni thung a ni awm e. Mizoram vaihmarchha
quality hi \ha hlea hriat a ni (a quality test-tirtu hi private an ni) Foreign-ah market pawh hmu ngei turin
an ngai.
 Kum 1993 tawp lam khan Mizoram hmarcha (vaihmarcha) hi Calcutta-a hralh tuma beih
(private level) a ni a, chutih lai chuan Calcutta-a kg.1 Rs. 28/-a lei a ni. Mahse hei hi beisei angin a kal
tluang ta lo va. Hemi hnu lawk hian MAMCO-in hma a la ve a, procurement centre 10 a\angin
vaihmarcha ro kg. ah Rs. 25 zelin kg. 424340 (bag 17503) a lei a. Hemi atana pawisa sen zat Rs.
1,12,42,028.30p. a ni. Kudam luah man nen a senso zawng zawng ni ta chu 1,13,62,480.30p. a ni.
Harsatna eng eng emaw avangin a \hen kg.-ah Rs. 18?-a hralh a ni a, chumi hnuah kg.-ah Rs. 14.75-
a hralh a ni leh a. Hemi \um hian MAMCO-in pawisa a hloh nasa hle a. Kum 1994-95-ah kha chuan
tih dan danglamin, Mizoram hi Zone 15-ah \hen a ni a, zone tan permit (hmarcha leina tur permit) pek
a ni ta a, zone 1-ah Rs. 500, zone zawng zawng huap tan Rs. 5000 tih a ni. Hmarcha tan hian Floor
rate kg.-ah Rs. 25 siamsak a ni. Ram pawna \ha taka hralh theih tura ngaih kan hmarchaah pawh kan
la che \ha lo hle rih a ni.
3) Sawhthing : 1994-95 khan Mizorama sawhthing chingtuten kg.-ah Rs. 7-9-in an
hralh thei a, a hnu deuhah phei chuan Rs. 10-12-in an hralh ta nghe nghe a, MAMCO-in leisak an
ngai lo. Kum 1996 kumtir khan sawhthing lei theihna permit mi eng emaw zat hnenah pek a ni a,
permit neitute chuan sawhthing kg.-ah Rs. 5 emaw, a aia tamin emaw an lei tur a ni. January a\anga
March 1996 khan kg.-ah Rs. 6-8-in an lei a, a hnu lawkah sawhthing chingtuten to deuh zawka hralh
an inbeisei avangin an hralh duh ta lo va. Mahse an beisei ang a nih tak loh avangin MAMCO-in Price
Support atan kg.-ah Rs. 5-in a leisak ta a ni. Sawhthing lei nana sen zawng zawng (labour, bag, etc.
man tiamin) Rs. 1,15,40,477.50 a ni ta a ni. MAMCO-in sawhthing a leisa hi a \hen kg.-ah Rs. 4-in
a hralh a, a \hen Rs. 3.75-in, a hloh leh nasa hle dawn a ni. |henkhat chhut dan chuan cheng nuai 11
vel chauh sawhthing hralhna a\ang hian hmuh kir theih beisei a ni.
Tun thleng hian MAMCO hian kan sawi tak - Iskut, hmarcha leh sawhthing bakah Mizoram
thlai/thil thar chhuah lei leh hralhah hma a la la meuh lo niin a lang. Kan ramah hun eng emaw a\ang
khan Tung chin kan sawi mawiin kan intihhmuh leh ta hle a, hetah pawh hian thil zir chian a \ul hle
dawn a ni. Mizoram Tung thar \hat leh \hat loh etc. endiktu RAINBOW INK & VARNISH MFG.
Co. Ltd. BOMBAY hmuh dan chuan hetiang hi a hriak neih (oil content) dan a ni.
With Shell : 42.24%
Without Shell : 70.19%
(Tung market survey turin Mizoram sawrkarin Tata Economic Consultancy Service Bombay
leh ESAAR International te cheng nuai 3 sengin a ruai a).
Khawvela Tung quality \ha ber pawla ngaih Argentina-a mi ang tluk pha lo mah se, China
rama mi, khawvel ram hrang hrangin an lei khi chu Tung quality hian a tluk vea ngaih a ni. India ramah
market hmu \ha bawk tura ngaih a ni a. Foreign thleng pawha hralhna awma rin a ni bawk. Mizoramah
hetiang hian Tung cungchangah ruahmanna siam chhin a ni.
1) Cultivation/Plantation Nodal Department-ah Rural Development Department.
2) Process, Khadi & Village Industries (KVI)
3) Marketing, MAMCO with active involvement of KVI & RD.
Rural Development Department chhut dan chuan tunah hian Mizoramah Tung kung 65,38,220
vel kan nei a, a \hente chu kum 3-a upate an ni tawh a. Kum 7 a\anga kum 10 velah rah \ha hle tawh
tura ngaih a ni. Harban Singh (expert) chhut dan chuan Tung kung khatin a rah (seed) kg. 25 thar vel
tur a ni. Hetiang hi a nih chuan kum 1-ah Mizoramin Tung 1,63,455.50 MT thar tur ang kan ni a, oil
(42.24% rate-in) 69,034.60 MT thar tur kan ni (KVI-in a enchhinah erawh chuan 42.24% ni lovin
15.50% chauh a ni tlat). Tata Economic Consultancy Service (Bombay) report anga Tung oil hi kg-
ah Rs. 110-a hralh tur ni se, Tung oil 69043.60 MT man chu cheng vaibelchhe 621.40 vel tur a ni. A
takah chang thei tak maw.
 A hmaa kan tarlante bakah Mizoram thil thar eng emaw zat kan state pawn leh foreign hialah
pawh thawn chhuah theih tur awm nualin a lang. Sapthei, rawtuai, pangbal, chhawhchhi leh thil dangte
pawh India ram leh ram dangah pawh thawn chhuah theih awm a ni (a tih dan kan thiam chuan).
Sapthei tui sawr hian Market nei \ha thei viau dawna hriat a ni a. Tuna MIFCO-in an tih chhin ang hi
chu duhthu a sam lo va, mahse Japan-ho duh dan etc. anga kan process theih ngat chuan market nei
\ha tura ngaih a ni. Rawtuai (Bamboo shoot) pawh kan tihfuh chuan market \ha tura ngaih a ni. India
rama hotel \ha (Five Star) ho pawhin duh leh mamawha hriat a ni, mahse hei pawh hi a process dan,
a \in quality etc. an duh dana kan tih loh chuan engtihna mah a ni leh dawn lo. Pangbal kan rama \ha
duh em em pawh hi mithiam \henkhat chuan kan ramin sum leh pai lakluhna atana kan \hatpui theih
turah an ngai. Kolasib velah khuan a herna tur khawlbun chhoh mek niin a lang a. A hria te sawi dan
chuan Singapore leh Thailand velah khi chuan Pangbal hi a dipah an siam phal tawh lo va, a tuihnang
(starch) an la a, chu chuan Gum (Gawm thil charna) an siam a, plywood leh mau etc. char nan an
hmang. Synthetic (plastic/rubber) siam nan te pawh an hmang. A tak chu chow/Noodle siam nan
pawh an hmang leh a, ran chaw (Animal Feed) siam nan pawh an hmang nasa. Pangbal an hman
\angkaina ber nia an sawi chu Alcohol siam nan, chuta \angin Alco-spirit, Alco-cake etc. an siam leh
a, heta \ang hian sum tam tak an hai lut \hin an ti.
Thil/thlai thar chhuah hralhna/tihralna kan ngaihtuah hian thil pahnih ngaihtuah ngaiin a lang a.
Pakhatnaah chuan engtin nge kan state/ram chhungah kan hralh ang? A dang lehah Mizoram pawnah
hralh chhuah theih dan a awm ang em? Ram/State pawna hralh chhuah theih tur tun dinhmunah thil
kan la nei tam lo viau mai thei. Kan neih chhun tur pawh a lehlamah chuan hlawk taka hralh turin
kawng kan la dap tawk lo hle. Market kan zawng chak lo hle a, Export License pawh kan la dil ngai
lo (MAMCO pawhin).
Chutih laiin kan rama kan thar, kan ram chhung bazarah ngei pawh pawn lam a\anga kan lak
luh aiin a to bik zel mai hi eng vang nge? Kan la thar tlem vang nge? Kan labour Cost a san vang nge,
hlawk thut kan tum vang? Alu, zikhlum, changkha, hmarchapui etc. te hi thar tam ve tak tak ila phai
a\anga lo kal ai hian titlawm ila, a market a \ha thei mai lawng maw? Pawn lam a\anga lak luh aia a
tlawm zawk ngat chuan engah nge a to zawk pawn lam mi ta kan lei cheu ang? Helaiah hian thil tih fuh
loh kan la nei a; chuvangin kan siam chawp harsatna a awm mai mai a ni lo maw? Thar chhuak tam ila,
a man pawh pawn lama mi aia tlawmin ti thei ila chingtu tan leh leitu tan a \ha dawn lawm ni? Nakin
zela kan \hat zawkna tur a nih dawn chuan hlawhfa rate pawh hi tla hniam se a \ha zawk tho lo ang
maw? Hlep tam (unit khata hlep tam) ngawr ngawr hi hlawkna a ni ngawt lo. Iskut Aizawlah Kg-ah
Rs.3/- ni tin quintal 10 emawa hralh aiin Kg-a 50p-a ni tin quintal 400 emaw 500 phaia hralh miin a
hausakpui zawk ang.
Thlai/thil thar \ha zawka hralh a nih theih nan hetiangin hma lak ni se:
1) Ram pawna thawn chhuah phalna Export License a \ul anga dap zung zung nise.
|henkhat sawi dan chuan Trade & Commerce Department hnenah tun hnai lawk khan Export Li-
cense, Agricultural Produce Export Development Authority (APEDA)-in a pe tawh a, Reserve Bank
of India pawhin Code Number a pe tawh. Hetiang a nih chuan thil/thlai tharte kan export ve zung zung
thei tawh dawn niin a lang.
2) Standardisation/Grading, Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS)-in Norms leh Standard a
duh anga kan thil tharte endik zung zung tur siam/neih ve tawh nise.
3) Agricultural Produce Marketing Acts neih ve thuai tawh nise. Hei hi India ramah state
4 - Mizoram, Jammu & Kashmir, Kerala leh Sikkim chauhin an la nei lo. Central sawrkar pawhin
Marketing Acts hi nei a, Administrative Machinery pawh siam vat turin min nawr a ni. Hetiang lo nei
tawh Nagaland chu Regulated Market 14 atan Central lam a\angin cheng nuaih sawmkua paruk
nikum khan dawng tura tih an ni. Regulated Market atan Market Area puan a ngai a. Principal
Market yards, sub-market yards a awm a ngai. A enkawl turin Market Committee hrang hrang a
awm ang a, chumi chungah State Marketing Board a awm leh ang. Regulated Market neih ve vat hi
Mizoram mamawh a ni. September 1996 khan Assembly-ah Mizoram Agricultural Produce Market-
ing Regulation Bill 1996 pass a ni.
4) Ruahmanna fel tak nena hun lo kal zel tur thlir chunga sawrkarin sumdawnna hmun
(trade centre) a siam ang chi hi Mizoramin kan mamawh hle. Vairengte-ah te he centre hi din ni ta se,
sawhthing, hmarcha, chhawhchhi, iskut etc. wholesale leh retail-a lo lei nan a \angkai hle ang.
5) Marketing information rintlak petu tur (Association/Body) siam nise. Hei hian thar
chhuah zat tur, hralhna tur market awm/awm loh chungchang zir zung zung nise.
6) Thlai etc. seng hma leh seng hnua enkawl leh sawngbawl dan (customer duh dan ang
thlapa) kan tih loh chuan Export license eng zat pawh nei ila, min dawr duh chuang lo vang. Chuvangin
thlai/thil etc. seng hma leh seng hnua enkawl leh sawngbawl dan hi kan zir vat a, a \ul ang anga training
kan inpek hi a \ul tak zet a ni.
7) Power suply \ha leh regular neih vat nise.
8) Thil vawn \hat nan Storage Facilities (Cold Storage) \ha neih ni ve se. Tunah hian
Cold Storage pakhat Sihphirah a hming chuan kan State-in a nei ve a, 6.1.1994 khan hawn a ni. A
saknaa senso chu chengnuai sawmhnih leh singli a ni, a capacity chu 466.55 MT a ni. Mahse
vanduaithlak takin a sak dan fel tawk loh vang leh Power awm regular lo avangin emawni a hman
theih loh rih tlat a ni.
9) Food Processing Industry changtlung \ha tak neih ni ve tawh se. Kan Mizo unau
\henkhat tuna Foreign-a awm mekten ngun taka an thlir a, Mizoram mamawh (tun dinhmunah) nia an
hriat (chanchinbu \henkhata lo lang) chu
(a) Hydro Electric Power
(b) Food Processing Industry
(c) Investment in Education & Hospitals
(d) Investment in Telecommunications
(e) Private Airline Service etc.
A chunga mi ah te chak taka hma lak a nih theih nan Foreign Company te hial sawm a, min
puitu tur dap \ulin an hria a ni.
10) Transportation infrastructure \ha neih tum nise.
11) Department hrang hrang - Agriculture, Horticulture, MIFCO, Forest, MAMCO, Trade
and Commerce etc. te hian Co-ordination nei \ha se a \ul angin information inpe zung zung se.
12) Dikna leh rinawmna tel lo chuan ram dang/state dang nen kan indawr tak tak theih
dawn loh avangin hemi kawngah inzirtira \an lak ni se, rinawm lo leh dik lote (office lam leh kut
hnathawktu) tu pawh na taka hrem \hin ni ngei se.
13) Planning \ha leh marketing policy mumal ram pum huapin sawrkarin a neih a \ul.
14) Co-operative Marketing/Movement uar deuh deuh tura \an lak ni se, MIZOFED ngei
pawhin thlai thar hralh lamah hma la ve leh se.
15) Agricultural Marketing khawihtute tihlen leh tihchak ni se - Chief Marketing Officer,
Marketing Officer leh Inspector etc. lak ni se.
 16) MAMCO emaw Marketing (Agricultural) enkawltu apiang hnenah Plan/Non Plan
pawisa pek tam deuh \hin ni se. A \ul angin Price support, Buffer Stock Operation etc. a hun taka an
tih zung zung theih nan.
17) Thlai/thil thar hlawk dan inzirtir uar zel ni se, a \ul angin Non Governmental Organisation
(NGO) hman \angkai nise - hetah hian All Mizoram Farmers Union (AMFU) te ang hi hmang \angkai
ila a \hat a rinawm.
18) Aizawl Bazar etc. a tak taka thlai thartute zawkin hmun nei lo va, khar chhawng leh
hlawk thut tum hovin nasa taka a nek chep \hin hi tihbo dan zawn ni se. Bazara an rawn zawrh theih
ang ang an zawrh/an dahna tur sawrkarin dappui ngei se.
19) Thlai/thil chingtuten mahni remchanna leh duh dan tilal ber lovin a leitu turin an duh
ngei tur (market nei ngei tur) ching ila. Kan thil chin tur chi (seed) thlanah pawh fimkhur ila, a chi \ha
ngei chauh chin \hin ni se.
20) Thil chin tur inzirtir chungchangah a enkawltu Department etc. fimkhur se, inchintir
tawh hnuah a lo dik lova a suak a lo ni tih awm lo se. Tin, mipuiten an chin tawh chu market hmuhsak
ngei turin \an lak ni tawh se.